LAMINATED GLAZING COMPRISING SUBSTRATES PROVIDED WITH A STACK HAVING THERMAL PROPERTIES AND AN ABSORBENT LAYER

Abstract

The invention relates to a substrate coated on one side with a stack of thin layers having reflective properties in infrared and / or solar radiation, comprising two functional metallic layers, particularly silver-based. Each of the functional metallic layers is sandwiched between two dielectric coatings. According to the invention, the dielectric coating (Di2) situated between the two functional layers (F) comprises at least one absorbent layer (A) that absorbs solar radiation in the visible part of the spectrum. It has been found that for a laminated glazing stack, a certain symmetry in the functional metallic layers and in the dielectric layers 1 and 3 is advantageous. The invention also relates to laminated glazing comprising such a coated substrate on side 2.

Description

SUBSTRATE PROVIDED WITH A BATTERY HAVING THERMAL PROPERTIES AND AN ABSORBENT LAYER FIELD OF INVENTION The invention relates to transparent substrates, in particular made of rigid mineral material such as glass (or organic material such as a rigid or flexible polymeric substrate), such substrates being coated with a stack of thin layers comprising at least one layer having metallic-type behavior that can act on solar radiation and / or long-wavelength infrared radiation. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates more particularly to the use of such substrates for the manufacture of thermal insulation and / or solar control glazing. It is intended that this glazing be used in both buildings and vehicles. Its specific purpose is to reduce the workload of air conditioning and / or reduce excessive overheating (known as "solar control" glazing) and / or decrease the amount of energy dissipated to the outside (known as "low-emissivity" glazing). It is known that one type of layer stack that confers such properties to substrates is formed by at least one functional metallic layer that has reflective properties in the infrared range and / or in the solar radiation range, in particular a layer based on silver or a metallic alloy containing silver. This functional metallic layer is sandwiched between two dielectric coatings, each of which typically comprises several layers made of a dielectric material, such as a metal nitride, metal oxide, or metal oxynitride. From an optical standpoint, the purpose of these coatings surrounding the functional metallic layer is to "anti-reflect" it. This battery is generally obtained through a sequence of depositions carried out by a technique that uses a vacuum, such as sputtering, optionally assisted by a magnetic field. It is also possible to provide two very thin metallic layers on each side of the silver layer, the underlying layer as a fixation or nucleation layer and the upper layer as a protective or "sacrificial" layer to prevent the silver from being negatively affected if the oxide layer above it is deposited by sputtering in the presence of oxygen. These metallic layers also serve to protect the functional layer during possible high-temperature heat treatment such as bending and / or tempering. Currently, there are low-emissivity thin-film stacks that contain a single functional layer (hereinafter referred to as a “single-layer functional stack”) or that contain two functional layers (hereinafter referred to as a “bi-layer functional stack”). EP-0 847 965 patents a battery containing two layers of silver (“bifunctional layer”), designed to be able to undergo heat treatment of the bending or tempering type without significant optical changes, by virtue of the use of oxygen barrier layers of the type i? / LQnn / Lznz / E / Yi silicon nitride and layers that stabilize the silver layers. Also known from patent EP-0 844 219 is a stack containing two layers of silver of very different thicknesses, which allows for glazing with a solar factor reduced to at least 32%. Double glazing using this type of stack has light transmission rates of around 60 to 65%. As a reminder, the solar factor (FS or “g”) of a glazing is the ratio between the total solar energy entering the space through this glazing and the total incident solar energy, and the selectivity corresponds to the ratio between the light transmission TLv¡s at the visible margin of the glazing and the solar factor FS of the glazing and is such that: s = TLv¡s / FS. Depending on the climate of the countries where these glazing systems will be installed, especially considering sunlight, the desired performance properties in terms of light transmission and solar factor may vary. Therefore, different ranges of glazing systems are developed, characterized by their level of light transmission. For example, in countries where the amounts of sunlight are high, there is a high demand for glazing with a light transmission (TLv¡s) of around 30 to 50% and sufficiently low solar factor (FS) values ​​(25-35%). In particular, it may be desirable to obtain glazing with a low TL (light transfer coefficient), without excessively increasing light reflection, while preserving energy reflection. Specifically, a RL (resistance coefficient) of less than 25% (or even less than 20%) is sought. The person experienced in the technique knows that he can introduce, into the battery, and more particularly into the interior of one (or more) dielectric layer(s), one (or more) layers that absorb in the visible margin. It should be noted that the use of visible-edge absorbing layers in stacks containing several functional layers is already known in the prior art, in particular in patent EP 1 341 732 B1, which relates to the use of such visible-edge absorbing layers in a stack subjected to a bending / tempering heat treatment. The absorbing layers are on the order of 1 to 3 nm. This stack is particularly suitable for double glazing and aims to provide the glazing with a high light transmission of on the order of 50 to 65%. It could not be used for the manufacture of laminated glazing without impairing the optical and aesthetic properties of the glazing. In particular, it has been observed that the stacks described in example 5bis impart a reddish tint to the glazing when the observer's angle of incidence is between 45 and 60° relative to normal. A stack of layers based on two Ag layers and comprising an absorbent layer (NbZrON) within the dielectric layer (i.e., between the two Ag layers) is also known from document WO2018 / 075005. A low TL (light transfer coefficient) of approximately 20 to 45% is achieved. However, the reflective color is not suitable for all markets. The colorimetric index “a*” of the La*b* system is greater than 3, resulting in a reddish tint to the glazing (under normal incidence as well as at 45° and 60° angles). Achieving high selectivity should not come at the expense of aesthetics, particularly color. Generally, the aim is to obtain the most neutral appearance possible, that is, with a* and b* values ​​close to 0 for external and internal reflection and transmission. LQnn / Lznz / E / Yi The conventional approach to achieving both high selectivity and excellent color neutrality involves developing increasingly sophisticated functional coatings. The adaptation of the colorimetry of these glazings is achieved by adjusting the nature and thicknesses of the layers or coatings that form the functional coatings. The complexity of functional coatings makes it difficult to achieve good thermal performance and excellent color neutrality. This difficulty in achieving excellent color neutrality is even more pronounced in the case of glazing with a light transmission of between 25% and 75%, because it is inherently more colored than glazing with higher or lower light transmission. Indeed, for very low or very high light transmissions, where the luminosity approaches 0 or 100, the perception of colors is less intense. The colors converge towards white and black. Finally, the complexity of these functional coatings also makes it difficult to maintain consistent production quality for a given functional coating. Indeed, as the number of layers and materials comprising these functional coatings increases, it becomes increasingly challenging to adjust deposition conditions to achieve identical color functional coatings from two batches produced at the same production facility or from two batches produced at two different production facilities. It is also required that the visual appearance of the glazing remain virtually unchanged, regardless of the viewing angle. Therefore, it is desirable that the color of the reflection, especially on the exterior surface of the glazing, be acceptable even when viewed at an angle of 45° or 60° relative to normal. This means that the observer does not perceive a significant lack of uniformity in tone or appearance, particularly in tall buildings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The objective of the invention is, therefore, to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks by developing a glazing, preferably laminated glazing, that has good thermal performance while also guaranteeing the desired aesthetic appearance. In particular, the objective of the invention is to develop a new type of functional two-layer battery, whose battery has low light transmission and a relatively neutral color in reflection. Another important objective is to propose a functional two-layer stack that has high selectivity, while also having an appropriate coloration, particularly in the exterior reflection of the glazing, in particular that it is not in the red range. Another objective of the invention is that the color reflected on the outer face is stable, regardless of the angle of incidence of the observer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the invention, in its broadest interpretation, is a substrate coated on one side with a stack of thin layers forming a functional coating that can act on infrared radiation and / or solar radiation, such coating comprising two functional metallic layers (F), in particular silver-based, each of them arranged between two dielectric coatings (Di), so as to form the layer sequence Di1 / F1 / D12 / F2 / D13, such dielectric coatings (Di) each comprising at least one layer of dielectric material, - such intermediate dielectric coating (D12) comprises at least one absorbing layer (A) that absorbs solar radiation in the visible part of the spectrum, such that at least one absorbing layer is surrounded, on one or both sides, by a layer of dielectric material, and - The functional metallic layers (F) have a thickness ratio of the 2nd layer to the 1st layer of between 0.5 and 1.5, preferably between 0.7 and 1.3, even more preferably between 0.8 and 1.2, and even more preferably between 0.9 and 1.1 - the first and third dielectric coatings have an optical thickness ratio (DÍ3 / DÍ1) between 0.5 and 1.5, preferably between 0.7 and 1.3, even more preferably between 0.8 and 1.2, and even more preferably between 0.85 and 1.15, or even between 0.9 and 1.1. In fact, it has been shown that for a stack intended for laminated glazing, it is advantageous for it to be relatively symmetrical in its functional metal layers and dielectric layers 1 and 3. Therefore, it is preferable for the optical thicknesses of the functional metal layers and the dielectric coatings 1 and 3 to be similar. Indeed, it has been shown that the dielectric coatings play an important role in optimizing the overall color of the stack. “Coating” in the sense of the present invention should be understood to mean that there may be a single layer or several layers of different materials within the coating. As is customary, “dielectric layer” in the sense of the present invention should be understood to mean that, from the perspective of its nature, the material is non-metallic, that is, it is not a metal. In the context of the invention, this term denotes a material having an n / k ratio equal to or greater than 5. “Absorbent layer” in the sense of the present invention shall be understood to mean that the layer is a material having an n / k ratio of between 0 and 5. It is recalled that n denotes the real refractive index of the material at a given wavelength and that k represents the imaginary part of the refractive index at a given wavelength; the ratio n / k is calculated at a given wavelength and is identical for n and k: in the present application, they are measured at 550 nm. Preferably, in the coated substrate stack according to the invention, at least one absorbent layer (A) is separated from each functional metal layer (F1 and F2) by at least one layer of dielectric material (D12a, D12b). Advantageously, at least one absorbent layer (A) is metallic, nitrided, oxidized, or oxynitride in nature. Specifically, the absorbent layer (A) is selected from layers based on one of the following materials: Ti, NiCr, Nb, Zr, NiCuCr, NbN, TiN, ZrN, NbN, TiZrN, or TiNO, NbNO, or a mixture thereof. This list is merely indicative, as other absorbent materials may be suitable for the present invention. The absorbent material is selected based on aesthetic characteristics, material availability, energy efficiency, durability, limitations of the deposition material, and other factors. i? / LQnn / Lznz / E / Yi The thickness of the absorbing layer must be adjusted, in particular, based on the relative absorbency of the selected material. Therefore, it is advisable to multiply the geometric thickness by a value indicative of the material's absorbency. Just as the optical thickness of a layer can be defined as the product of its geometric thickness and its (real) optical index (n), an "effective absorption thickness" can be defined using the following equation, where teffective is the effective absorption thickness, tgeo is the geometric thickness, n is the real part of the optical index, and k is the imaginary part of the optical index: tabs. effective=2 In particular, the effective absorption thickness (2 X geometric thickness X η X k) of the absorbing layer is between 25 and 150 nm, preferably between 40 and 100 nm and even more preferably between 50 and 80 nm. If the stack comprises several absorbent layers between the two functional metal layers, the effective absorption thickness must be calculated taking into account all the absorbent layers located between the two functional metal layers. However, the blocking layers that are in direct contact with the functional metal layers, due to their low thickness, are not considered absorbent layers. The absorber layer (A) is surrounded and in contact, on one or both sides, with a layer of dielectric material. The dielectric material layer is preferably selected from silicon-based and / or aluminum nitride-based layers. The absorber layer (A) is preferably surrounded on both sides by silicon-based and / or aluminum nitride-based layers. The optical thickness of each dielectric layer, preferably silicon-based and / or aluminum nitride-based, surrounding the absorber layer (A) can be - over 30, over 40, over 50, over 60, over 70, over 80, and / or - less than 200, less than 150, less than 120. Silver-based functional metallic (F) layers are layers of silver or silver-containing metal alloy. The ratio between the optical thickness of all dielectric layers located between the second functional metal layer (F2) and the absorbing layer (A) and the optical thickness of all dielectric layers located between the first functional metal layer (F1) and the absorbing layer (A) is preferably between 0.5 and 1.5, preferably between 0.7 and 1.3, better still between 0.8 and 1.2, or even between 0.9 and 1.1. In the remainder of this application, all energy performance and aesthetics of the coated substrate according to the invention are measured in a configuration: Exterior / 4 mm thick clear glass / stack / PVB (38 mm) / 4 mm thick clear glass / interior. Conventionally, light characteristics are measured using illuminant D65 perpendicular to the material, unless otherwise stated. In particular, the light transmission (TL) of the coated substrate, in the indicated laminated glazing configuration, is less than 40%, preferably between 30 and 38%. i? / LQnn / Lznz / E / Yi In particular, the solar factor (g) of the coated substrate, in the indicated laminated glazing configuration, is between 25 and 34%, preferably between 27 and 32%, and even more preferably between 29 and 31%. In particular, the selectivity(s) of the coated substrate, in the given laminated glazing configuration, is greater than 1.10 and even more preferably greater than 1.13. In particular, the reflection of light on the outer face of the glazing (RLext), in the given configuration, is less than 25%, preferably less than 22%, and even more preferably less than 20%. In particular, the colorimetric indices a* and b* of the CIELab measurement system, La*b* measured in reflectance on the outer face with normal incidence, are particularly between -12 and 2, preferably between -10 and 1, even more preferably between -7 and 0, in a configuration: 4 mm thick transparent glass / stack / PVB (38 mm) / 4 mm thick transparent glass. When the observer's angle of incidence is 45°, these same a* and b* indices, measured in reflection on the outer face, are between -12 and 2, preferably between -10 and 1, in a configuration: 4 mm thick transparent glass / stack / PVB (38 mm) / 4 mm thick transparent glass. When the observer's angle of incidence is 60° with respect to the normal, the colorimetric indices a* and b* measured in reflection on the outer face are between -12 and 3, preferably between -10 and 2, in a configuration: 4 mm thick transparent glass / stack / PVB (38 mm) / 4 mm thick transparent glass. Silver-based functional metal layers can be "protected" by a qualified blocking layer. A blocking layer located above a silver-based functional metal layer is called an overlay blocking layer. A blocking layer located below a silver-based functional metal layer is called a bottom blocking layer. The functional coating may comprise at least one blocking layer, preferably located immediately in contact with the functional metallic layer. The functional coating may comprise a blocking layer, preferably located immediately in contact with each functional metal layer. Preferably, the functional coating does not comprise a blocking sublayer located immediately in contact with the functional metallic layer. When the functional coating comprises a blocking sublayer located below the first functional layer, the thickness of this blocking sublayer is strictly less than 1 nm. The blocking layers are selected from metallic layers based on a metal or metal alloy, metal nitride layers, metal oxide layers, and metal oxynitride layers of one or more elements selected from titanium, nickel, chromium, tantalum, and niobium, such as Ti, TiN, TiOx, Nb, NbN, Ni, NiN, Cr, CrN, NiCr, or NiCrN. When these blocking layers are deposited in the form of metal, nitride, or oxynitride, these layers may undergo partial or complete oxidation depending on their thickness and the nature of the surrounding layers, for example, during the deposition of the next layer or by oxidation in contact with the underlying layer. i? / LQnn / Lznz / E / Yi The blocking layers can be selected from metallic layers, in particular a nickel-chromium (NiCr) alloy or titanium. The coating advantageously comprises a blocking layer deposited on at least one of the two functional metal layers (F). The resulting stack can then be: Substrate / Di1 / F1 / M1 / Di2a / A / Di2b / F2 / M2 / Di3. These blocking layers are generally on the order of 0.3 to 2 nm. The sum of the thicknesses of all the blocking layers located in contact with the functional layers in the functional coating is less than 4 nm, preferably less than 3.5 nm, or even less than 3 nm. Advantageously, each dielectric coating comprises a dielectric layer based on silicon and / or aluminum nitride. In one particular embodiment, the dielectric coatings (Di) comprise a layer of dielectric material based on nitride, silicon and / or aluminum nitride (e.g. SbNi) and a layer of dielectric material based on oxide, preferably zinc oxide (e.g. ZnO:Al), the oxide-based layer being on the side of the functional metal layer. The dielectric coating located beneath the first functional layer may comprise: - a dielectric layer based on silicon and / or aluminum nitride - an oxide-based dielectric layer, preferably zinc oxide-based, - Optionally, a blocking layer; the oxide layer is in contact with the functional layer or in contact with the blocking layer. The absorber layer may be separated from each functional metal layer (F1 and F2) by at least one layer of dielectric material (Di2a, Di2b). The dielectric material layer may be selected from silicon-based and / or aluminum nitride-based layers. The optical thickness of the dielectric layers is generally between 50 and 100 nm for the first and third layers, preferably between 65 and 85 nm. The optical thickness of the total intermediate dielectric coating (D12) is generally between 100 and 300 nm, preferably between 140 and 250 nm, and preferably between 160 and 230 nm. If the dielectric coatings D1 and D3 comprise several successive dielectric layers, the thicknesses are calculated for all the dielectric layers that make up the overall dielectric coating. In the case of the intermediate dielectric coating D2, it may be entirely on one side of the absorbing layer or distributed on both sides. For the given thickness values, all layers of dielectric material between the two functional metal layers are taken into account; however, the thickness of the absorbing layer is not considered when calculating the optical thickness of the dielectric coating. According to a particular embodiment, it is possible to provide a thin metallic blocking layer under at least one of the two functional metallic layers. These blocking layers are generally on the order of 0.3 to 2 nm. The battery may also include a top protective layer. The top protective layer is preferably the last layer of the battery, i.e., the layer furthest from the substrate coated with the battery. These top protective layers are considered to be included in the final dielectric coating (Di3). These layers are usually between 2 and 10 nm thick, preferably between 2 and 5 nm. This protective layer can be selected from titanium, zirconium, hafnium, silicon, zinc, and / or tin, with the metal(s) in the form of metal, oxide, or nitride. Advantageously, the protective layer is a titanium oxide layer, a tin-zinc oxide layer, or a titanium-zirconium oxide layer. The invention further relates to the use of a coated substrate as described above to produce laminated glazing, comprising at least two substrates held together by an interleaved plastic film. The stack according to the invention is preferably placed on face 2 of the glazing, i.e., on the inner face of the outer substrate, to form a structure of the type: glass / thin-layer stack / interleaved plastic film / glass. Each substrate can be transparent or colored. One of the substrates, at least in particular, can be bulk tinted glass. The choice of coloring type will depend on the level of light transmission and / or the desired colorimetric appearance of the glazing once its manufacture is complete. The polymer sheet can be based, in a particular way, on polyvinyl butyral PVB, ethylene vinyl acetate EVA, polyethylene terephthalate PET or polyvinyl chloride PVC. The substrates of the glazing according to the invention are capable of undergoing heat treatment. Thus, they are optionally bent and / or tempered. The following non-limiting examples allow us to show the details and advantageous features of the invention. Examples Table 1 shows the geometric thicknesses in nanometers of each of the layers of the batteries produced for the comparative examples (C1 to C3) and the examples according to the invention (examples 1 to 6). Comparative example C1 is similar to the batteries according to the invention, but does not comprise an absorbent layer. Comparative example C2 is a stack of layers corresponding to that described in example 5bis of patent EP 1341732 B1. Comparative example C3 is a layer stack corresponding to that described in example 2 of application WO2018 / 875005. i? / LQnn / Lznz / E / Yi Table 1 C1 C2 C3 Ex. 1 E j . 2 Di3 Si3N4 38.3 20.0 39.9 31.9 36.1 AZO 4.0 12.9 / 4.0 4.0 M2 NiCr 0.9 1.0 0.3 1.0 1.0 F2 Ag 6.4 17.5 6.4 10.3 10.6 B2 NiCr / / 2.0 / / Di2b AZO 4.0 12.9 / 4.0 4.0 YES3N4 75.6 30.0 51.9 49.3 41.8 A TiN / 2.0 / 14.1 / NbN / / / / 5.3 NbZrON / / 8.4 / / Di2a YES3N4 / 30.0 43.0 51.2 37.5 AZO 4.0 12.9 / 4.0 4.0 MI NiCr 7.3 1.0 1.4 1.0 1.0 F1 Ag 11.3 6.4 13.0 10.6 10.8 B1 NiCr / / 1.2 / / Dil AZO 4.0 12.9 / 4.0 4.0 SYN4 36.3 29.0 67.4 32.1 32.0 glass substrate Table 2 summarizes the main optical and energy characteristics obtained in one configuration: 4mm thick transparent exterior glass / stack / PVB (38mm) / 4mm thick transparent glass / interior i? / LQnn / Lznz / E / Yi C1 C2 C3 Ej.l E j . 2 F2 / F1 0.57 2.73 0.49 0.97 0.98 DÍ3 / DÍ1 1.05 0.79 0.59 0.99 1.11 TL o. 0 37.0 44.3 47.3 33.5 35.6 g o, 0 29.5 34.4 24.6 28.7 31.1 s 1.25 1.4 1.16 1.17 1.14 Rb ext o. 0 29.8 15.1 27.5 20.0 17.4 RL int o. 0 20 25.3 8.3 18.7 12.7 a* T -5.1 -7.7 -8.0 -3.9 -4.3 b* T -0.8 -3.6 + 7.8 -2.8 -0.8 3·* Rext + 3.2 + 0.7 + 4.0 -6.8 -1.0 b* Rext + 1.9 -9.4 -12.1 -0.7 -5.3 a* Rmt + 0.2 + 7.6 -0.6 -6.3 -0.7 b* Rint + 2.2 + 10.9 -26.4 -3.2 -4.4 3·* Rext 45 + 2.1 + 3.0 + 5.3 -5.9 + 0.1 b* Rext 45 + 3.5 -7.8 -9.3 -2.7 -4.8 3·* Rext 60 -3.4 + 4.1 + 5.0 -4.2 + 0.9 b* Rext 60 -6.7 -7.2 -7.2 -4.0 -4.9 t-abs. effective nm 0 5.4 No determinado 76.8 64.4 In conclusion, it is observed that the examples in conformity with the invention allow the production of laminated glazing with a light transmission of about 35%, combining at the same time low solar factors (g of less than 32%) and low light reflection (RLext of less than 20%) and providing at the same time a desired appearance. Comparative examples have a higher TL or a higher RLext, or both. What is particularly noteworthy is that the color reflected on the outer face was able to be maintained in the neutral areas, which is not the case in the comparative examples. The angular stability of the exterior color in reflection has improved especially compared to the stacks in the comparative examples. Example 2, more specifically, shows a difference of less than 1 between the value of the b* coefficient in the normal (-5.3) and the value at 45° (-4.8) or 60° with respect to the normal (4.9). The present invention is described in the preceding text by way of example. Of course, those skilled in the art are able to implement different variations of the invention without departing from the scope of the patent as defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A substrate coated on one side with a stack of thin layers forming a functional coating that can act on solar radiation and / or infrared radiation, such coating comprising two functional metallic layers (F), each of which is arranged between two dielectric coatings (Di), so as to comprise the sequence of layers DI1 / F1 / DI2 / F2 / DI3, starting from the substrate, each dielectric coating (Di) comprising at least one layer of dielectric material, characterized in that: -the dielectric coating (Di2) situated between the two functional layers (F) comprises at least one absorbing layer (A) that absorbs solar radiation in the visible part of the spectrum, -the functional metallic layers (F) have a thickness ratio between layer F2 and layer F1 of between 0.5 and 1.5; -the first and third dielectric layers have an optical thickness ratio of the third dielectric layer (DI3) to the first dielectric layer (DI1) of between 0.5 and 1.

5.

2. The coated substrate according to claim 1, further characterized in that, when the functional coating comprises a blocking layer located below the first functional layer, the thickness of this blocking sublayer is strictly less than 1 nm.

3. The coated substrate according to one of the preceding claims, further characterized in that the functional coating comprises a metallic blocking layer deposited on at least one of the two functional metallic layers.

4. The coated substrate in accordance with any of the preceding claims, further characterized in that the sum of the thicknesses of all the blocking layers located in contact with the functional layers in the functional coating is less than 4 nm, preferably less than 3.5 nm, or even less than 3 nm.

5. The coated substrate in accordance with any of the preceding claims, further characterized in that each dielectric coating comprises a dielectric layer based on silicon and / or aluminum nitride.

6. The coated substrate according to any of the preceding claims, further characterized in that the dielectric coating located beneath the first functional layer comprises: - a dielectric layer based on silicon and / or aluminum nitride, - an oxide-based dielectric layer, preferably zinc oxide-based, - optionally, a blocking layer, the oxide layer being in contact with the functional layer or in contact with the blocking layer.

7. The coated substrate according to one of the preceding claims, further characterized in that the absorbent layer (A) is separated from each functional metal layer (F1 and F2) by at least one layer of dielectric material (D12a, D12b) selected from silicon-based and / or aluminum nitride-based layers.

8. The coated substrate in accordance with any of the preceding claims, further characterized in that the absorbent layer (A) is of a metallic, nitrided, oxidized or oxynitride nature.

9. The coated substrate in accordance with any of the preceding claims, further characterized in that the absorbent layer (A) is selected from layers based on one of the following materials: Ti, NiCr, Nb, Zr, NiCuCr, NbN, TiN, ZrN, NbN, TiZrN or TiNO, NbNO, or mixtures thereof.

10. The coated substrate in accordance with any of the preceding claims, further characterized in that the light transmission (TL) is less than 40% when measured in a configuration: 4 mm thick transparent glass / stack / PVB (38 mm) / 4 mm thick transparent glass.

11. The coated substrate according to one of the preceding claims, further characterized in that it has a selectivity greater than 1.05% when measured in a configuration: 4 mm thick transparent glass / stack / PVB (38 mm) / 4 mm thick transparent glass.

12. The coated substrate in accordance with any of the preceding claims, further characterized in that the uncoated face of the substrate is intended to form the outer face of a glazing, the light reflection (RL) on the outer face being less than 25% when measured in a configuration: 4 mm thick clear glass / stack / PVB (38 mm) / 4 mm thick clear glass.

13. The coated substrate according to one of the preceding claims, further characterized in that the dielectric coatings (Di) comprise a nitride-based dielectric material layer and an oxide-based dielectric material layer, the oxide-based layer being on the functional metal layer side.

14. A laminated glazing comprising two transparent substrates, between which an adhesive intermediate layer is inserted, characterized insofar as it comprises a substrate in accordance with any of the preceding claims.

15. The laminated glazing according to the preceding claim, further characterized in that the coated substrate of the stack is arranged on the outer face of the glazing.