Devices and methods for efficient MIMO transmissions in a wireless network
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/126200
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-03-07
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-02
AI Technical Summary
MIMO transmissions in IEEE 802.11-based WLANs are sensitive to RF impairments, which affect performance, and existing methods struggle to efficiently adjust transmit error vector magnitude (EVM) to optimize throughput.
A multi-antenna Wi-Fi station with adjustable transmission Error Vector Magnitude (Tx EVM) that receives and adjusts MIMO transmission parameters based on desired Tx EVM indications from other stations, allowing for improved MIMO performance by aligning with the receiver's detection methods.
Enhances transmission efficiency and quality by dynamically adjusting Tx EVM to meet desired performance thresholds, reducing the impact of RF impairments and improving overall network performance.
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Figure CN2024126200_02102025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
Devices and methods for efficient MIMO transmissions in a wireless networkTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to devices and methods for efficient MIMO transmissions in a wireless network, in particular a wireless local access network, WLAN, i.e. Wi-Fi network according to the IEEE 802.11 framework of standards.BACKGROUND
[0002] IEEE 802.11-based WLANs (also referred to as Wi-Fi networks) have become popular at an unprecedented rate. MIMO, Multiple Input Multiple Output, techniques may be used in wireless local area networks, WLANs, in particular Wi-Fi networks to achieve better spectral efficiency and to increase the throughput. This includes single-user, SU, and multi-user, MU, MIMO in both trigger-based, TB, and non-TB physical protocol data units, PPDUs. In order to exploit the maximum gain of MIMO transmissions, non-linear detection is often applied at the receiver side. However, non-linear detection is usually very sensitive to so-called RF impairments. Therefore, a maximum acceptable transmit error vector magnitude, EVM, level has been defined in the IEEE 802.11 framework of standards, however, for a single stream transmission over an additive white Gaussian noise, AWGN, channel. MIMO transmissions may require a higher transmit EVM threshold to achieve the desired performance. Moreover, even a relatively small change ofthe RF impairments may have a significant impact on the performance. In many scenarios, when MIMO techniques are applied, the noise level at the receiver is relatively low and the transmission Error Vector Magnitude, Tx EVM, defines the performance.SUMMARY
[0003] It is an objective to provide improved devices and methods for efficient MIMO transmissions in a wireless network, in particular an IEEE 802.11 based Wi-Fi network.
[0004] The foregoing and other objectives are achieved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Further implementation forms are apparent from the dependent claims, the description and the figures.
[0005] According to a first aspect a multi-antenna Wi-Fi station, e.g. a non-AP station or AP station, is provided for communication with at least one further Wi-Fi station, e.g. an AP station and a non-AP station. The Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect comprisesa communication interface comprising a plurality of antennas configured for a multiple-input multiple-output, MIMO, transmission to the at least one further Wi-Fi station with an adjustable transmission Error Vector Magnitude, Tx EVM, wherein the communication interface is further configured to receive from the at least one further Wi-Fi station an indication of a desired Tx EVM for one or more upcoming MIMO transmissions from the Wi-Fi station to the at least one further Wi-Fi station. Moreover, the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect comprises a processing circuitry configured to adjust one or more MIMO transmission parameters based on the indication of the desired Tx EVM for adjusting the Tx EVM not to exceed the desired Tx EVM for the one or more upcoming MIMO transmissions from the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect to the at least one further Wi-Fi station. Indicating the desired Tx EVM to the Wi-Fi station allows the further Wi-Fi station to better adjust the MIMO transmissions of the Wi-Fi station to the further Wi-Fi station, in particular the detector type used by the further Wi-Fi station.
[0006] In a further possible implementation form, the plurality of antennas are further configured for receiving a MIMO transmission from the at least one further Wi-Fi station, wherein the communication interface of the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect is further configured to transmit to the at least one further Wi-Fi station an indication of a desired Tx EVM for one or more upcoming MIMO transmission from the at least one further Wi-Fi station to the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect.
[0007] In a further possible implementation form, the indication of the desired Tx EVM (received or transmitted by the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect) comprises a value of the desired Tx EVM. In an implementation form, theindication of the desired Tx EVM (received or transmitted by the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect) comprises a plurality of bits, in particular 6 bits, encoding the value of the desired Tx EVM.
[0008] In a further possible implementation form, the indication of the desired Tx EVM (received or transmitted by the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect) comprises a difference value between the desired Tx EVM and a default Tx EVM, in particular a standardized Tx EVM. In an implementation form, the indication of the desired Tx EVM (received or transmitted by the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect) comprises a plurality of bits, in particular 3 bits, encoding the difference value.
[0009] In a further possible implementation form, the Wi-Fi station comprises a data structure, in particular a table or list, for mapping each of a plurality of modulation and coding schemes, MCSs, identified by a respective MCS index to a respective default Tx EVM and wherein the indication of the desired Tx EVM comprises an integer step value for determining an MCS index of an MCS associated with the desired Tx EVM based on the MCS index of a currently selected MCS for transmitting data. In an implementation form, the indication of the desired Tx EVM (received or transmitted by the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect) comprises a plurality of bits, in particular 2 bits, encoding the integer step value.
[0010] In a further possible implementation form, in case the integer step value does not allow to determine the MCS index of the MCS associated with the desired Tx EVM based on the MCS index of the currently selected MCS, the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect is configured to determine the desired Tx EVM as the Tx EVM associated with the currently selected MCS plus a unit Tx EVM times the integer step value.
[0011] In a further possible implementation form, the indication of the desired Tx EVM (received or transmitted by the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect) comprises an indication of an operation mode and / or MIMO configuration of a plurality of operation modes and / or MIMO configurations of the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect, wherein each operation mode and / or MIMO configuration is associated with a respective Tx EVM. In an implementation form, each MIMO configuration is defined by a MCS, e.g. a MCS index, and a number of spatial streams. In an implementation form, the indication of the operation mode comprises a plurality of bits, in particular 2 bits, encoding the operation mode.
[0012] In a further possible implementation form, the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect is configured to determine the desired Tx EVM value and / or an improved Tx EVM value based on the indication of the operation mode and / or the MIMO configuration using for every operation mode a table defining a mapping between the indication of the MIMO configuration and the desired Tx EVM valueand / or the improved Tx EVM.
[0013] In a further possible implementation form, the Wi-Fi station is configured to determine the desired Tx EVM value and / or the improved Tx EVM value based on the indication of the operation mode and / or the MIMO configuration using for every operation mode a table defining a mapping between the indication of the MIMO configuration and a difference value between a default Tx EVM value and the desired Tx EVM valueand / or the improved Tx EVM value.
[0014] In a further possible implementation form, the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect, in particular the communication interface thereof, is configured to send a capabilities indication to the at least one further Wi-Fi station, wherein the capabilities indication is indicative of the capability of the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect to adjust the Tx EVM not to exceed the desired Tx EVM for the one or more upcoming MIMO transmissions from the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect to the at least one further Wi-Fi station.
[0015] In a further possible implementation form, an improved Tx EVM value is configured. This improved Tx EVM value can be configuredas a constant and / or can be dynamically indicated. The value of the improved Tx EVM can be globally defined, e.g. in the IEEE 802.11 standard, or defined during set-up of the network. In case improved Tx EVM is supported, improved Tx EVM value represents a threshold value, not to be exceeded.
[0016] In a further possible implementation form, the capabilities indicationmay comprise a data structure, in particular a bit or a bitmap, indicating that improved Tx EVM is supported for each of a plurality of modulation and coding schemes, MCSs.
[0017] In a further possible implementation form, the capabilities indicationmay comprise a data structure, in particular 4 or 6 bits, indicating the highest MCS identified by a respective MCS indexthat supports improved Tx EVM.
[0018] For example, bitmap0101 ( (0101) 2 = (5) 10) indicates that improved Tx EVM is supported for all schemes lower and equal to MCS5. Bitmap 1010 ( (1010) 2 = (12) 10) indicates that improved Tx EVM is supported for all schemes lower and equal to MCS12.
[0019] In a further possible implementation form, the capabilities indicationmay comprise a data structure, in particular 4 or 6 bits, indicating the onlyMCS identified by a respective MCS index that supports improved Tx EVM.
[0020] For example, bitmap 000110 ( (000110) 2 = (6) 10) indicates that improved Tx EVM is only supported by MCS6.
[0021] In a further possible implementation form, the capabilities indicationmay comprise a data structure, in particular a table, alist or a bitmap, for indicating per MCSidentified by a respective MCS index, if improved Tx EVM is supported or not. For example, a bit value of 0 indicates no Tx EVM support for a respective MCS and a bit value of 1 indicates that Tx EVM is supported for a respective MCS, or vice versa.
[0022] In a further possible implementation form, the capabilities indication comprises a data structure, in particular a table or list, for mapping each of a plurality MCSs identified by a respective MCS index to a respective improved Tx EVM value.
[0023] In a further possible implementation form, the capabilities indication of the improved Tx EVM can comprise an improved Tx EVM value. In an implementation form, the indication of the improved Tx EVM may comprise a data structure, in particular 4 or 6 bits, encoding the improved Tx EVM value.
[0024] These possible implementation forms allow to indicate which MCS is supporting improved Tx EVM, as well as the improved Tx EVM value, therefore enhancing transmission efficiency and quality.
[0025] In a further possible implementation form, the communication interface of the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect is configured to receive a trigger frame from the at least one further Wi-Fi station, wherein the trigger frame, in particular a User-Dependent Info field thereof, comprises the indication of the desired Tx EVM, wherein the processing circuitry of the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect is configured to adjust one or more MIMO transmission parameters for adjusting the Tx EVM not to exceed the desired Tx EVM for the MIMO transmission from the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect in the form of, i.e. as a trigger based, TB, PPDU.
[0026] In a further possible implementation form, the communication interface of the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect is configured to receive a beacon frame from the at least one further Wi-Fi station, wherein the beacon frame comprises the indication of the desired Tx EVM and wherein the processing circuitry of the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect is configured to adjust the one or more MIMO transmission parameters for adjusting the Tx EVM not to exceed the desired Tx EVM for one or more MIMO transmissions from the Wi-Fi station within a beacon period.
[0027] In a further possible implementation form, the trigger frame or the beacon frame further comprises one or more data structures, in particular tables or lists, wherein the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect is configured to determine the desired Tx EVM based on the indication of the desired Tx EVM and the one or more data structures, in particular tables or lists. In an implementation form, the trigger frame or the beacon frame may comprise a data structure, in particular table or list, for each operation mode of the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect.
[0028] According to a second aspect a method is provided for operating a multi-antenna Wi-Fi station, i.e. a non-AP station or an AP station, for communication with at least one further Wi-Fi station, wherein the Wi-Fi station comprises a communication interface comprising a plurality of antennas configured for a multiple-input multiple-output, MIMO, transmission to the at least one further Wi-Fi station with an adjustable transmission Error Vector Magnitude, Tx EVM, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
[0029] receiving from the at least one further Wi-Fi station an indication of a desired Tx EVM for one or more upcoming MIMO transmissions from the Wi-Fi station to the at least one further Wi-Fi station; and
[0030] adjusting one or more MIMO transmission parameters based on the indication of the desired Tx EVM for adjusting the Tx EVM not to exceed the desired Tx EVM for the one or more upcoming MIMO transmissions from the Wi-Fi station to the at least one further Wi-Fi station.
[0031] The method according to the second aspect can be performed by the Wi-Fi station according to the first aspect. Thus, further features of the method according to the second aspectresult directly from the functionality of theWi-Fi station according to the first aspect as well as its different implementation forms described above and below.
[0032] According to a third aspect a computer program product is provided, comprising program code which causes a computer or a processor to perform the method according to the second aspect, when the program code is executed by the computer or the processor.
[0033] Details of one or more embodiments are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages will be apparent from the description, drawings, and claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0034] In the following, embodiments of the present disclosure are described in more detail with reference to the attached figures and drawings, in which:
[0035] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a Wi-Fi station according to an embodiment exchanging one or more frames with a further Wi-Fi station;
[0036] Fig. 2 shows an indication included in a frame exchanged between a Wi-Fi station according to an embodiment and a further Wi-Fi station, wherein the indication comprises a desired Tx EVM value;
[0037] Fig. 3 shows an indication included in a frame exchanged between a Wi-Fi station according to an embodiment and a further Wi-Fi station, wherein the indication comprises a difference value between a desired Tx EVM value and a default Tx EVM value;
[0038] Fig. 4 shows an indication included in a frame exchanged between a Wi-Fi station according to an embodiment and a further Wi-Fi station, wherein the indication comprises an integer step value for determining a desired Tx EVM value based on a table of Tx EVM values;
[0039] Fig. 5 shows a table used by a Wi-Fi station according to an embodiment for determining a desired Tx EVM value based on an indication included in a frame exchanged between the Wi-Fi station and a further Wi-Fi station;
[0040] Fig. 6 shows a capabilities indication included in a frame exchanged between a Wi-Fi station according to an embodiment and a further Wi-Fi station; and
[0041] Fig. 7 shows a flow diagram illustrating steps of a method of operating a Wi-Fi station according to an embodiment for communication with at least one further Wi-Fi station.
[0042] In the following, identical reference signs refer to identical or at least functionally equivalent features.
[0043] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0044] In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying figures, which form part of the disclosure, and which show, by way of illustration, specific aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure or specific aspects in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be used. It is understood that embodiments of the present disclosure may be used in other aspects and comprise structural or logical changes not depicted in the figures. The following detailed description, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.
[0045] For instance, it is to be understood that a disclosure in connection with a described method may also hold true for a corresponding device or system configured to perform the method and vice versa. For example, if one or a plurality of specific method steps are described, a corresponding device may include one or a plurality of units, e.g. functional units, to perform the described one or plurality of method steps (e.g. one unit performing the one or plurality of steps, or a plurality of units each performing one or more of the plurality of steps) , even if such one or more units are not explicitly described or illustrated in the figures. On the other hand, for example, if a specific apparatus is described based on one or a plurality of units, e.g. functional units, a corresponding method may include one step to perform the functionality of the one or plurality of units (e.g. one step performing the functionality of the one or plurality of units, or a plurality of steps each performing the functionality of one or more of the plurality of units) , even if such one or plurality of steps are not explicitly described or illustrated in the figures. Further, it is understood that the features of the various exemplary embodiments and / or aspects described herein may be combined with each other, unless specifically noted otherwise.
[0046] Fig. 1 shows an exemplary wireless communication network 100, in particular a Wi-Fi network 100 including an access point, AP, 120 and a non-AP station 110 in the form of a smartphone 110 as an example for a plurality of non-AP stations which may be associated and communicate with the AP 120. In an embodiment, the wireless communication network 100 is a WLAN in accordance with the IEEE 802.11 framework of standards (also referred to as a Wi-Fi network 100) .
[0047] As illustrated in Fig. 1, the non-AP station 110 comprises processing circuitry 111 and a communication interface 113, in particular a wireless communication interface 113 in accordance with the IEEE 802.11 framework of standards. The communication interface 113 may comprise one or more power amplifiers 113a and a plurality of antennas 113b configured for a multiple-input multiple-output, MIMO, transmission to the AP 120. The processing circuitry 111 of the non-AP station 110 may be implemented in hardware and / or software and may comprise digital circuitry, or both analog and digital circuitry. Digital circuitry may comprise components such as application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) , field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , digital signal processors (DSPs) , or general-purpose processors. The non-AP station 110 may further comprise a memory 115 configured to store executable program code which, when executed by the processing circuitry 111, causes the non-AP station 110 to perform the functions and methods described herein.
[0048] Likewise, the AP 120 illustrated in Fig. 1 comprises processing circuitry 121 and a communication interface 123, in particular a wireless communication interface 123 in accordance with the IEEE 802.11 framework of standards. The communication interface 123 may comprise one or more power amplifiers 123a and a plurality of antennas 123b configured for a MIMO transmission to the non-AP station 110. The processing circuitry 121 of the AP 120 may be implemented in hardware and / or software and may comprise digital circuitry, or both analog and digital circuitry. Digital circuitry may comprise components such as application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) , field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , digital signal processors (DSPs) , or general-purpose processors. As illustrated in Fig. 1, the AP 120 may further comprise a memory 125 configured to store executable program code which, when executed by the processing circuitry 121, causes the AP 120 to perform the functions and methods described herein.
[0049] As described above, both the non-AP station 110 and the AP 120 are a Wi-Fi station configured to perform MIMO transmission to the other station (herein referred to as the further Wi-Fi station) , i.e. the AP 120 or the non-AP station 110. In the following detailed embodiments will be described, where the Wi-Fi station is the non-AP station 110 and the further Wi-Fi station is the AP 120. As will be appreciated, however, these embodiments apply as well to a scenario, where the AP 120 is the Wi-Fi station and the non-AP station 110 is the further Wi-Fi station 110.
[0050] As will be described in more detail below, the communication interface 113 with the plurality of antennas 113b of the non-AP station 110 is configured for MIMO transmissions to the AP 120 with an adjustable Tx EVM. In other words, the non-AP station 110 may perform MIMO transmissions to the AP 120 with different Tx EVMs depending on the selected MIMO transmission parameters or settings, such as a selected modulation and coding scheme, MCS. The communication interface 113 of the non-AP station 110 is further configured to receive from the AP 120 an indication 131 of a desired Tx EVM (such as the indication illustrated in Fig. 2) for one or more upcoming MIMO transmissions from the non-AP station 110 to the AP 120. As illustrated in Fig. 1, the communication interface 113 of the non-AP station 110 may receive one or more frames 130, such as trigger frames or beacon frames, from the AP 120, wherein the indication 131 of the desired Tx EVM is included in the one or more frames 130. In addition to receiving the indication 131 from the AP 120, the non-AP station 110 is configured to transmit to the AP 120 the same indication 131 of a desired Tx EVM for one or more upcoming MIMO transmissions from the AP 120 to the non-AP station 110.
[0051] The processing circuitry 111 of the non-AP station 110 is configured to adjust one or more MIMO transmission parameters based on the indication 131 of the desired Tx EVM for adjusting the Tx EVM not to exceed the desired Tx EVM for the one or more upcoming MIMO transmissions from the non-AP station 110 to the AP 120. As will be appreciated, by indicating the desired Tx EVM the AP 120 may select the decoder type for decoding the MIMO transmissions from the non-AP station 110. More specifically, for using a linear decoder the AP 120 may indicate a smaller desired Tx EVM, while for using a non-linear decoder the AP 120 may indicate a larger desired Tx EVM.
[0052] As already mentioned above, in an embodiment, the indication 131 of the desired Tx EVM value may be part of a beacon frame 130 or a trigger frame 130, in particular the User-Dependent Info field of a trigger frame 130. In case the indication 131 of the desired Tx EVM value is part of a beacon frame 130, the indication 131 of the desired Tx EVM value may be valid and used by the non-AP station 110 for all MIMO transmissions in the upcoming beacon period. In case the indication 131 of the desired Tx EVM value is part of a trigger frame 130, the triggered non-AP station 110 may use the desired Tx EVM value for the current TB PPDU sent in response to the trigger frame 130.
[0053] As already mentioned above, Fig. 2 shows an indication 131 of the desired Tx EVM included in a field of a frame 130 exchanged between the non-AP station 110 according to an embodiment and the AP 120 according to an embodiment, wherein the indication 131 comprises an explicit desired Tx EVM value, for instance, the explicit desired Tx EVM value in dB. In an embodiment, the indication 131 may cover a range of desired Tx EVM values of 40dB. In an embodiment, the range of 40dB with a resolution of 1dB may be encoded by the indication 131 having a size of 6 bits.
[0054] Fig. 3 shows a variant of the indication 131 of the desired Tx EVM included in a field of a frame 130 exchanged between the non-AP station 110 according to an embodiment and the AP 120 according to an embodiment, wherein the indication 131 comprises a difference value (i.e. a correction or delta value) TxEVMdeltabetween the desired Tx EVM value and a default Tx EVM value that would be used by the non-AP station 110 without the indication 131. In an embodiment, the default Tx EVM value may be a Tx EVM value TxEVMstddefined by the IEEE 802.11 framework of standardsfor the settings used by the non-AP station 110, such as a currently selected MCS, so that in this embodiment the non-AP station 110 may determine the desired Tx EVM value as TxEVMstd + TxEVMdelta. In an embodiment, the indication 131 of the desired Tx EVM comprises a plurality of bits, in particular 3 bits, encoding the difference value between the desired Tx EVM value and the default Tx EVM value.
[0055] Fig. 4 shows a further variant of the indication 131 included in a field of a frame 130 exchanged between the non-AP station 110 according to an embodiment and the AP 120 according to an embodiment, wherein the indication 131 comprises an integer step value, such as 2 steps, for determining a desired Tx EVM value based on a table of Tx EVM values, which may be stored, for instance, in the memory 115 of the non-AP station 110. In an embodiment, the integer step value may indicate how many steps are to be taken in the table used by the non-AP station 110 for determining the desired Tx EVM value. More specifically, when, for instance, a specific MCS (identified by a current MCS indexMCSinit) is currently used by the non-AP station 110, the processing circuitry 111 of the non-AP station 110 may first determine a new MCS index as the sum of the current MCS index MCSinitand the integer step value MCSstepof the indication 131 and then determine the Tx EVM value associated in the table with the new MCS index MCSTx_EVM= MCSinit + MCSstepas the desired Tx EVM value. As will be appreciated, that the new MCS index MCSTx is only used by the non-AP station 110 for determining the desired Tx EVM value, but not for the actual MIMO transmission (for which the current MCS is used) . In case the current MCS value MCSinit is already the highest MCS defined by the standard table (there is no further index to obtain) , a fixed step size in dBs (for example 3dB) may be used by the non-AP station 110 for determining the desired Tx EVM value. For instance, if the integer step value of the indication 131 is 2, then 2*3dB=6dB may be added to the Tx EVM for the largest MCS to determine the desired Tx EVM value. In other words, in an embodiment, in case the integer step value does not allow to determine the MCS index of the MCS associated with the desired Tx EVM based on the MCS index of the currently selected MCS, the non-AP station 110 is configured to determine the desired Tx EVM as the Tx EVM associated with the currently selected MCS plus a unit Tx EVM, such as 3dB, times the integer step value. In an embodiment, the indication 131 of the desired Tx EVMcomprises a plurality of bits, in particular 2 bits, encoding the integer step value.
[0056] Fig. 5 shows atable used by the non-AP station 110 for afurther variant of the indication 131 included in a field of a frame 130 exchanged between the non-AP station 110 according to an embodiment and the AP 120 according to an embodiment. As illustrated in Fig. 5, the tablecomprises for each of a plurality of MIMO configurations 132a-n a desired Tx EVM value 131a-n or a difference value 131a-n between a desired Tx EVM value and a default Tx EVM value. Thus, in an embodiment, the indication 131 of the desired Tx EVM comprises an indication of an operation mode 132a-n and / or MIMO configuration of a plurality of operation modes and / or MIMO configurations of the non-AP station 110 so that based on the table illustrated in Fig. 5 (and possibly further tables) and the operation mode 132a-n indicated by the indication 131 the non-AP station 110 may determine the desired Tx EVM 131a-n. In an embodiment, each MIMO configuration is defined by a MCS and / or a number of spatial streams.
[0057] In an embodiment, the indication 131 of the mode of operation may include an indication of a MIMO detector type or any other parameters. The mode of operation may be indicated by index only. In an embodiment, the non-AP station 110 may be configured to use for every mode of operation a table of Tx EVM value (or Tx EVM correction value) per MIMO configuration as illustrated in Fig. 5. As will be appreciated, the MIMO configuration field may only be required, if different Tx EVM values are defined for different MIMO configurations. Otherwise, this field may not be used and a single Tx EVM value may be indicated per operation mode.
[0058] In an embodiment, the Tx EVM table illustrated in Fig. 5 may be part of the indication 131 itself. In another embodiment, the Tx EVM table illustrated in Fig. 5 may be already available at the non-AP station 110 and / or defined by the IEEE 802.11 framework of standards. In an embodiment, one or more Tx EVM tables (per operation mode) , such as the Tx EVM table illustrated in Fig. 5, may be indicated as part of a capabilities indication 135 (illustrated in Fig. 6) in a beacon frame 130. As the current IEEE 802.11 framework of standards allows indicating the number of supported streams per MCS, in a similar way in an embodiment the desired Tx EVM value or Tx EVM delta value may be indicated per MIMO configuration and per operation mode.
[0059] In an embodiment, the indication 131 indicative of the mode of operation and to be used by the non-AP station 110 for determining the desired Tx EVM based on or more Tx EVM tables, such as the Tx EVM table illustrated in Fig. 5, may comprise 2 bits of a trigger frame 130 (if there are four different modes of operation) . According to a further embodiment, the indication 131 may be included in an Operation Mode (OM) Control field, for example, in two reserved bits of the OM Control field.
[0060] Fig. 6 shows a capabilities indication 135 included in a frame 130 exchanged between the non-AP station 110 according to an embodiment and the AP 120 according to an embodiment, wherein the capabilities indication 135 is indicative of the capability of the non-AP station 110 to adjust the Tx EVM not to exceed the desired Tx EVM for MIMO transmissions by the non-APstation 110.
[0061] The capabilities indication 135 comprises a data structure, in particular a bit or a bitmap, indicating that improved Tx EVM is supported for each of a plurality of modulation and coding schemes, MCSs.
[0062] The capabilities indication 135 comprises a data structure, in particular 4 or 6 bits, indicating the highest MCS identified by a respective MCS index that supports improved Tx EVM.
[0063] For example, bit pattern 0101 ( (0101) 2 = (5) 10) indicates that improved Tx EVM is supported for all schemes lower and equal to MCS5. Bit pattern 1010 ( (1010) 2 = (12) 10) indicates that improved Tx EVM is supported for all schemes lower and equal to MCS12.
[0064] The capabilities indication 135 comprises a data structure, in particular 4 or 6 bits, indicating the onlyMCS identified by a respective MCS index that supports improved Tx EVM.
[0065] For example, bitmap 000110 ( (000110) 2 = (6) 10) indicates that improved Tx EVM is only supported by MCS6.
[0066] The capabilities indication 135 comprises a data structure, in particular a table, alist or a bitmap, for indicating per MCSidentified by a respective MCS index, if improved Tx EVM is supported or not. For example, a bit value of 0 indicates no Tx EVM support for a respective MCS and a bit value of 1 indicates that Tx EVM is supported for a respective MCS, or vice versa.
[0067] The capabilities indication 135 of the improved Tx EVM comprises an improved Tx EVM value. In an implementation form, the indication of the improved Tx EVM may comprise a data structure, in particular 4 or 6 bits, encoding the improved Tx EVM value.
[0068] Fig. 7 shows a flow diagram illustrating steps of a method 700 of operating the Wi-Fi station 110for communication with the at least one further Wi-Fi station 120. As described above, the Wi-Fi station 110 comprises a communication interface 113 comprising a plurality of antennas 113b configured for MIMO transmissions to the at least one further Wi-Fi station 120 with an adjustable Tx EVM. The method 700 comprises a step 701 of receiving from the at least one further Wi-Fi station 120 an indication 131 of a desired Tx EVM for one or more upcoming MIMO transmissions from the Wi-Fi station 110 to the at least one further Wi-Fi station 120. Moreover, the method 700 comprises a step 703 of adjusting one or more MIMO transmission parameters based on the indication 131 of the desired Tx EVM for adjusting the Tx EVM not to exceed the desired Tx EVM for the one or more upcoming MIMO transmissions from the Wi-Fi station 110 to the at least one further Wi-Fi station 120.
[0069] The person skilled in the art will understand that the "blocks" ( "units" ) of the various figures (method and apparatus) represent or describe functionalities of embodiments of the present disclosure (rather than necessarily individual "units" in hardware or software) and thus describe equally functions or features of apparatus embodiments as well as method embodiments (unit = step) .
[0070] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the described embodiment of an apparatus is merely exemplary. For example, the unit division is merely logical function division and may be another division in an actual implementation. For example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not performed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections may be implemented by using some interfaces. The indirect couplings or communication connections between the apparatuses or units may be implemented in electronic, mechanical, or other forms.
[0071] The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one position, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
[0072] In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the disclosure may be integrated into one processing unit, or each of the units may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit.
Claims
1.A Wi-Fi station (110; 120) for communication with at least one further Wi-Fi station (120; 110) , wherein the Wi-Fi station (110; 120) comprises:a communication interface (113; 123) comprising a plurality of antennas (113b; 123b) configured for a multiple-input multiple-output, MIMO, transmission to the at least one further Wi-Fi station (120; 110) with an adjustabletransmission Error Vector Magnitude, Tx EVM, wherein the communication interface (113; 123) is further configured to receive from the at least one further Wi-Fi station (120; 110) an indication (131) of a desired Tx EVM for one or more MIMO transmissionsfrom the Wi-Fi station (110; 120) ; anda processing circuitry (111; 121) configured to adjust one or more MIMO transmission parameters based on the indication (131) of the desired Tx EVM for adjusting the TxEVM not to exceed the desired Tx EVM for the one or more MIMO transmissions from the Wi-Fi station (110; 120) .2.The W-Fi station (110; 120) of claim 1, wherein the plurality of antennas (113b; 123b) are further configured for receiving a MIMO transmission from the at least one further Wi-Fi station (120; 110) , wherein the communication interface (113; 123) is further configured to transmit to the at least one further Wi-Fi station (120; 110) anindication (131) of a desired Tx EVM for one or more MIMO transmissions from the at least one further Wi-Fi station (120; 110) to the Wi-Fi station (110; 120) .3.The Wi-Fi station (110; 120) of claim 1 or 2, wherein the indication (131) of the desired Tx EVM comprises a value of the desired Tx EVM.4.The Wi-Fi station (110; 120) of claim 1 or 2, wherein the indication (131) of the desired Tx EVM comprises a difference value between the desired Tx EVM and a default Tx EVM.5.The Wi-Fi station (110; 120) of claim 1 or 2, wherein the Wi-Fi station (110; 120) comprises a data structure for mapping each of a plurality of modulation and coding schemes, MCSs, identified by a respective MCS index to a respective Tx EVM and wherein the indication (131) of the desired Tx EVM comprises astep value for determining an MCS index of an MCS associated with the desired Tx EVM based on the MCS index of a selected MCS for transmitting data.6.The Wi-Fi station (110; 120) of claim 5, wherein, in case the step value does not allow to determine the MCS index of the MCS associated with the desired Tx EVM based on the MCS index of the selected MCS, the Wi-Fi station (110; 120) is configured to determine the desired Tx EVM as the Tx EVM associated with theselected MCS plus a unit Tx EVM times the step value.7.The Wi-Fi station (110; 120) of claim 1 or 2, wherein the indication (131) of the desired Tx EVM comprises an indication of anoperation mode (132a-n) and / or MIMO configuration of a plurality of operation modes and / or MIMO configurationsof the Wi-Fi station (110; 120) and wherein each operation mode (132a-n) and / or MIMO configuration is associated with an Tx EVM (131a-n) .8.The Wi-Fi station (110; 120) of claim 7, wherein each MIMO configuration is defined by a MCS and a number of spatial streams.9.The Wi-Fi station (110; 120) of claim 7 or 8, wherein the Wi-Fi station (110; 120) is configured to determine the desired Tx EVM based on the indication (131) of the operation mode and / or the MIMO configuration using for every operation modea table defining a mapping between the indication of the MIMO configuration and the desired Tx EVM.10.The Wi-Fi station (110; 120) of claim 7 or 8, wherein the Wi-Fi station (110; 120) is configured to determine the desired Tx EVM based on the indication of the operation mode and / or the MIMO configuration using for every operation mode a table defining a mapping between the indication of the MIMO configuration and a difference value between a default Tx EVM and the desired Tx EVM.11.The Wi-Fi station (110; 120) of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the Wi-Fi station (110; 120) is configured to send a capabilities indication (135) to the at least one further Wi-Fi station (120; 110) , wherein the capabilities indication (135) is indicative of the capability of the Wi-Fi station (110; 120) to adjust the Tx EVM not to exceed the desired Tx EVM for the one or more MIMO transmissions from the Wi-Fi station (110; 120) .12.The Wi-Fi station (110; 120) of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the communication interface (113; 123) is configured to receive a trigger frame (130) from the at least one further Wi-Fi station (120; 110) and wherein the trigger frame (130) comprises the indication (131) of the desired Tx EVM, wherein the processing circuitry (111; 121) is configured to adjust the one or more MIMO transmission parameters for adjusting the Tx EVM not to exceed the desired Tx EVM for the MIMO transmission from the Wi-Fi station (110; 120) in form of a trigger based, TB, PPDU.13.The Wi-Fi station (110; 120) of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the communication interface (113; 123) is configured to receive a beacon frame (130) from the at least one further Wi-Fi station (120; 110) and wherein the beacon frame (130) comprises the indication (131) of the desired Tx EVM, wherein the processing circuitry (111; 121) is configured to adjust the one or more MIMO transmission parameters for adjusting the Tx EVM not to exceed the desired Tx EVM for one or more MIMO transmissions from the Wi-Fi station (110; 120) within a beacon period.14.The Wi-Fi station (110; 120) of claim 12 or 13, wherein the trigger frame (130) or the beacon frame (130) further comprises one or more data structures and wherein the Wi-Fi station (110; 120) is configured to determine the desired Tx EVM based on the indication (131) of the desired Tx EVM and the one or more data structures.15.The Wi-Fi station (110; 120) of claim 14, wherein the trigger frame (130) or the beacon frame (130) comprises a data structure for each operation mode of the Wi-Fi station (110; 120) .16.The Wi-Fi station (110; 120) of claim 11, wherein the capabilities indication 135 is indicative that improved Tx EVM is supported for each of a plurality of modulation and coding schemes, MCSs.17.The Wi-Fi station (110; 120) of claim 11, wherein the capabilities indication 135 is indicative of the highest MCS identified by a respective MCS index that supports improved Tx EVM.18.The Wi-Fi station (110; 120) of claim 11, wherein the capabilities indication 135 is indicative of the only MCS identified by a respective MCS index that supports improved Tx EVM.19.The Wi-Fi station (110; 120) of claim 11, wherein the capabilities indication 135 is indicative per MCSidentified by a respective MCS index, if improved Tx EVM is supported.20.The Wi-Fi station (110; 120) of claim 11, wherein the capabilities indication 135 is indicative of a mapping of each of a plurality MCSs identified by a respective MCS index to a respective improved Tx EVM value.21.The Wi-Fi station (110; 120) of claim 11, wherein the capabilities indication 135 is indicative of an improved Tx EVM value.22.A method (700) for operating a Wi-Fi station (110; 120) for communication with at least one further Wi-Fi station (120; 110) , wherein the Wi-Fi station (110; 120) comprises a communication interface (113; 123) comprising a plurality of antennas (113b; 123b) configured for a multiple-input multiple-output, MIMO, transmission to the at least one further Wi-Fi station (120; 110) with an adjustable transmission Error Vector Magnitude, Tx EVM, wherein the method (700) comprises:receiving (701) from the at least one further Wi-Fi station (120; 110) an indication (131) of a desired Tx EVM for one or more MIMO transmissions from the Wi-Fi station (110; 120) ; andadjusting (703) one or more MIMO transmission parameters based on the indication (131) of the desired Tx EVM for adjusting the Tx EVM not to exceed the desired Tx EVM for the one or more MIMO transmissions from the Wi-Fi station (110; 120) .23.A computer program product comprising a computer-readable storage medium for storing program code which causes a computer or a processor to perform the method (700) of claim 22, when the program code is executed by the computer or the processor.