Two-step random access for spectrum sharing
The proposed indication mechanism for two-step RACH procedures addresses differentiation and coverage issues in spectrum sharing by using explicit or implicit methods, reducing overhead and conserving resources while enhancing coverage.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/081120
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-18
AI Technical Summary
In the context of spectrum sharing between operators, existing two-step RACH procedures face challenges in differentiating between operators due to shared random access resources, leading to increased overhead, diminished throughput, and coverage issues.
Implementing an indication mechanism to distinguish between first and second messages of a two-step RACH procedure, using explicit or implicit methods based on physical-layer configurations, and adjusting channel structures with guard times and gaps to enhance coverage.
This approach reduces system overhead, simplifies implementation, conserves processing resources, and enhances coverage by enabling early detection and energy savings in spectrum sharing scenarios.
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Figure CN2024081120_18092025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
TWO-STEP RANDOM ACCESS FOR SPECTRUM SHARING
[0001] FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0002] Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication and specifically relate to techniques, apparatuses, and methods associated with two-step random access for spectrum sharing.BACKGROUND
[0003] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various services that may include carrying voice, text, messaging, video, data, and / or other traffic. The services may include unicast, multicast, and / or broadcast services, among other examples. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access radio access technologies (RATs) capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (for example, time domain resources, frequency domain resources, spatial domain resources, and / or device transmit power, among other examples) . Examples of such multiple-access RATs include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems.
[0004] The above multiple-access RATs have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide common protocols that enable different wireless communication devices to communicate on a municipal, national, regional, or global level. An example telecommunication standard is New Radio (NR) . NR, which may also be referred to as 5G, is part of a continuous mobile broadband evolution promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) . NR (and other mobile broadband evolutions beyond NR) may be designed to better support Internet of things (IoT) and reduced capability device deployments, industrial connectivity, millimeter wave (mmWave) expansion, licensed and unlicensed spectrum access, non-terrestrial network (NTN) deployment, sidelink and other device-to-device direct communication technologies (for example, cellular vehicle-to-everything (CV2X) communication) , massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) , disaggregated network architectures and network topology expansions, multiple-subscriber implementations, high-precision positioning, and / or radio frequency (RF) sensing, among other examples. As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase, further improvements in NR may be implemented, and other radio access technologies such as 6G may be introduced, to further advance mobile broadband evolution.
[0005] An operator (that is, an entity that implements a network such as a public land mobile network (PLMN) or a non-public network (NPN) ) , may utilize frequency spectrum (referred to hereinafter as “spectrum” ) to implement the network. For example, the operator may license the spectrum from a regulatory authority. In some implementations, spectrum may be shared between a first operator that licenses the spectrum and a second operator that does not license the spectrum. For example, the first operator may be entitled to use the spectrum for communications of the first operator’s network, and the second operator can access the spectrum when the spectrum is available (that is, not in use by the first operator) . This is referred to as spectrum sharing. Spectrum sharing can be static (such as at the granularity of hours or days) or dynamic (such as at the granularity of seconds, milliseconds, or microseconds) , depending on how the operators coordinate with one another.SUMMARY
[0006] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE) . The method may include transmitting a first message of a two-step random access channel (RACH) procedure on a set of resources associated with a first operator and a second operator, wherein the UE is associated with the first operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid physical RACH (PRACH) resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit. The method may include receiving a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator. The method may include communicating in accordance with the second message.
[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a network node associated with a first operator. The method may include receiving a first message of a two-step RACH procedure, wherein the first message is associated with a set of resources associated with the first operator and a second operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid PRACH resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit. The method may include outputting a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator. The method may include communicating in accordance with the second message.
[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a UE. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to transmit a first message of a two-step RACH procedure on a set of resources associated with a first operator and a second operator, wherein the UE is associated with the first operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid PRACH resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to receive a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to communicate in accordance with the second message.
[0009] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a network node. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to receive a first message of a two-step RACH procedure, wherein the first message is associated with a set of resources associated with the first operator and a second operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid PRACH resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to output a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to communicate in accordance with the second message.
[0010] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for transmitting a first message of a two-step RACH procedure on a set of resources associated with a first operator and a second operator, wherein the apparatus is associated with the first operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid PRACH resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit. The apparatus may include means for receiving a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator. The apparatus may include means for communicating in accordance with the second message.
[0011] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for receiving a first message of a two-step RACH procedure, wherein the first message is associated with a set of resources associated with the first operator and a second operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid PRACH resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit. The apparatus may include means for outputting a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator. The apparatus may include means for communicating in accordance with the second message.
[0012] Some aspects described herein relate to a UE for wireless communication. The UE may include a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors. The processing system may be configured to cause the UE to transmit a first message of a two-step RACH procedure on a set of resources associated with a first operator and a second operator, wherein the UE is associated with the first operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid PRACH resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit. The processing system may be configured to cause the UE to receive a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator. The processing system may be configured to cause the UE to communicate in accordance with the second message.
[0013] Some aspects described herein relate to a network node for wireless communication. The network node may include a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors. The processing system may be configured to cause the network node to receive a first message of a two-step RACH procedure, wherein the first message is associated with a set of resources associated with the first operator and a second operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid PRACH resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit. The processing system may be configured to cause the network node to output a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator. The processing system may be configured to cause the network node to communicate in accordance with the second message.
[0014] Aspects of the present disclosure may generally be implemented by or as a method, apparatus, system, computer program product, non-transitory computer-readable medium, user equipment, base station, network node, network entity, wireless communication device, and / or processing system as substantially described with reference to, and as illustrated by, the specification and accompanying drawings.
[0015] The foregoing paragraphs of this section have broadly summarized some aspects of the present disclosure. These and additional aspects and associated advantages will be described hereinafter. The disclosed aspects may be used as a basis for modifying or designing other aspects for carrying out the same or similar purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent aspects do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. Characteristics of the aspects disclosed herein, both their organization and method of operation, together with associated advantages, will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] The appended drawings illustrate some aspects of the present disclosure, but are not limiting of the scope of the present disclosure because the description may enable other aspects. Each of the drawings is provided for purposes of illustration and description, and not as a definition of the limits of the claims. The same or similar reference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.
[0017] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication network in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0018] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating an example network node in communication with an example user equipment in a wireless network in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0019] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating an example disaggregated base station architecture in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0020] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating examples of spectrum sharing for multiple operators in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0021] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a two-step random access procedure, in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0022] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of signaling for two-step random access channel (RACH) procedures in shared spectrum in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0023] Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of multiplexing and jointly encoding an indication with content of a first message in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0024] Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating a channel structure of a first message of a two-step RACH procedure.
[0025] Figure 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of mapping from physical RACH (PRACH) resource units to physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) resource units in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0026] Figure 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of channel structures for a second message of a two-step RACH procedure in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0027] Figure 11 is a flowchart illustrating an example process performed, for example, at a UE or an apparatus of a UE that supports two-step RACH for spectrum sharing in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0028] Figure 12 is a flowchart illustrating an example process performed, for example, at a network node or an apparatus of a network node that supports two-step RACH for spectrum sharing in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0029] Figure 13 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communication that supports random access for spectrum sharing in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0030] Figure 14 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communication that supports two-step RACH for spectrum sharing in accordance with the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] Various aspects of the present disclosure are described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, aspects of the present disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and is not to be construed as limited to any specific aspect illustrated by or described with reference to an accompanying drawing or otherwise presented in this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. One skilled in the art may appreciate that the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or in combination with any other aspect of the disclosure. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using various combinations or quantities of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover an apparatus having, or a method that is practiced using, other structures and / or functionalities in addition to or other than the structures and / or functionalities with which various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein may be practiced. Any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.
[0032] Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques. These methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, or algorithms (collectively referred to as “elements” ) . These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.
[0033] An operator (that is, an entity that implements a network such as a public land mobile network (PLMN) or a non-public network (NPN) ) , may utilize frequency spectrum (referred to hereinafter as “spectrum” ) to implement the network. For example, the operator may license the spectrum from a regulatory authority. In some implementations, spectrum may be shared between a first operator that licenses the spectrum and a second operator that does not license the spectrum. For example, the first operator may be entitled to use the spectrum for communications of the first operator’s network, and the second operator can access the spectrum when the spectrum is available (that is, not in use by the first operator) . This is referred to as spectrum sharing. Spectrum sharing can be static (such as at the granularity of hours or days) or dynamic (such as at the granularity of seconds, milliseconds, or microseconds) , depending on how the operators coordinate with one another. In some deployments, each operator may implement a respective distributed unit (DU) and a respective radio unit (RU) . The first operator’s RU (referred to as a first RU) may provide access for spectrum of the first operator. The second operator’s DU (referred to as a second DU) may be capable of interfacing with the first operator's RU such that user equipments (UEs) and network nodes associated with the second operator can communicate via the first operator’s spectrum. This approach provides spectrum sharing without significant hardware upgrades at the network. Furthermore, implementing spectrum sharing using respective RUs for respective spectra of the operators may enable coverage sharing, in which each RU may cover a respective coverage area and a UE associated with the second operator can access a network of the second operator via the first RU and in a coverage area of the first RU.
[0034] Initial access is a process by which a UE establishes an initial connection and gains access to a network. Initial access may include random access, in which a UE transmits a random access preamble to a gNB associated with a cell that the UE has detected. For example, an RU associated with the gNB may transmit synchronization information (such as a synchronization signal block (SSB) on a synchronization channel) and / or system information for a cell. A UE may receive the synchronization information and / or system information, and may transmit the preamble on the cell. The RU may receive the preamble and may provide the preamble to a DU or central unit (CU) associated with the gNB. Random access may use a two-step random access channel (RACH) procedure, in which a preamble transmission and a radio resource control (RRC) connection request are combined in a first message (MsgA) , and a random access response and an RRC connection setup message are combined in a second message (MsgB) .
[0035] Complexity may arise with regard to two-step RACH procedures in the context of spectrum sharing between a first operator and a second operator. For example, an RU (which may be specific to an operator or may be shared between operators) may transmit a periodic reference signal (RS) (such as an SSB) and system information. Physical random access (PRACH) resources may be configured either separately for the first operator and the second operator, or shared between the first operator and the second operator. If these PRACH resources are configured separately for the first operator and the second operator (referred to as PRACH resource partitioning) , overhead may be increased for RACH resources relative to shared resources. Furthermore, it may be difficult to differentiate which operator is associated with a first message of a two-step RACH procedure if the first message is transmitted on shared random access resources, and it may be difficult to differentiate which operator is associated with a second message of the two-step RACH procedure if the second message responds to a first message that was transmitted on shared random access resources. Furthermore, in some deployments, a channel structure of the first message may be inflexible or inappropriately configured for multiple repetitions of the first message, leading to diminished throughput and failure to utilize repetition of the first message (thereby degrading coverage) .
[0036] Aspects of the present disclosure relate generally to initial access in shared spectrum. Some aspects more specifically provide two-step RACH procedures for spectrum sharing. For example, some aspects provide an indication of whether a first message (such as MsgA) of a two-step RACH procedure is associated with a first operator or a second operator. In some examples, the indication may include an explicit indication of subscription information of a UE transmitting the first message. In some other examples, the indication may be implicit, for example, in a physical-layer configuration of the first message. Some aspects provide a channel structure for the first message with adjustable guard times, guard periods, and transmission gaps. Some aspects provide a second message of the two-step RACH procedure that includes an indication of whether the second message is associated with a first operator or a second operator. In some examples, the indication of the operator associated with the second message may be implicit, for example, in a physical-layer configuration or search space of the second message.
[0037] Aspects of the present disclosure may be used to realize one or more of the following potential advantages. In some aspects, by providing an indication of whether the first message is associated with the first operator or the second operator, shared random access resources can be used for transmission of the first message, thereby decreasing overhead and increasing capacity. By providing an explicit indication, implementation at the UE is simplified. By providing an implicit indication, the network node can differentiate first messages associated with different operators prior to decoding the first messages, thereby enabling early detection and conserving processing resources and network energy that would otherwise be used to perform subsequent processing operations. By providing a channel structure with adjustable guard times, guard periods, and transmission gaps, the first message can be adapted for repetition, thereby enabling coverage enhancement for two-step RACH messages. By providing an implicit indication of the operator associated with the second message, early detection of which operator is associated with the second message is enabled, thereby conserving processing resources and energy at the UE that would otherwise be used to perform subsequent processing operations on the second message.
[0038] Thus, system overhead reduction for RACH resources is achieved (because RACH resource partitioning is not required for different DUs / operators / spectrum users) , a unified solution applicable to both dedicated RUs and shared RUs is provided, a unified solution for both contention-based and contention-free random access is provided, network energy savings is achieved, and inter-DU interference is mitigated.
[0039] Multiple-access radio access technologies (RATs) have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide common protocols that enable wireless communication devices to communicate on a municipal, enterprise, national, regional, or global level. For example, 5G New Radio (NR) is part of a continuous mobile broadband evolution promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) . 5G NR supports various technologies and use cases including enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) , ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) , massive machine-type communication (mMTC) , millimeter wave (mmWave) technology, beamforming, network slicing, edge computing, Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity and management, and network function virtualization (NFV) .
[0040] As the demand for broadband access increases and as technologies supported by wireless communication networks evolve, further technological improvements may be adopted in or implemented for 5G NR or future RATs, such as 6G, to further advance the evolution of wireless communication for a wide variety of existing and new use cases and applications. Such technological improvements may be associated with new frequency band expansion, licensed and unlicensed spectrum access, overlapping spectrum use, small cell deployments, non-terrestrial network (NTN) deployments, disaggregated network architectures and network topology expansion, device aggregation, advanced duplex communication, sidelink and other device-to-device direct communication, IoT (including passive or ambient IoT) networks, reduced capability (RedCap) UE functionality, industrial connectivity, multiple-subscriber implementations, high-precision positioning, radio frequency (RF) sensing, and / or artificial intelligence or machine learning (AI / ML) , among other examples. These technological improvements may support use cases such as wireless backhauls, wireless data centers, extended reality (XR) and metaverse applications, meta services for supporting vehicle connectivity, holographic and mixed reality communication, autonomous and collaborative robots, vehicle platooning and cooperative maneuvering, sensing networks, gesture monitoring, human-brain interfacing, digital twin applications, asset management, and universal coverage applications using non-terrestrial and / or aerial platforms, among other examples. The methods, operations, apparatuses, and techniques described herein may enable one or more of the foregoing technologies and / or support one or more of the foregoing use cases.
[0041] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication network 100 in accordance with the present disclosure. The wireless communication network 100 may be or may include elements of a 5G (or NR) network or a 6G network, among other examples. The wireless communication network 100 may include multiple network nodes 110, shown as a network node (NN) 110a, a network node 110b, a network node 110c, and a network node 110d. The network nodes 110 may support communications with multiple UEs 120, shown as a UE 120a, a UE 120b, a UE 120c, a UE 120d, and a UE 120e.
[0042] The network nodes 110 and the UEs 120 of the wireless communication network 100 may communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which may be subdivided by frequency or wavelength into various classes, bands, carriers, and / or channels. For example, devices of the wireless communication network 100 may communicate using one or more operating bands. In some aspects, multiple wireless communication networks 100 may be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless communication network 100 may support a particular RAT (which may also be referred to as an air interface) and may operate on one or more carrier frequencies in one or more frequency ranges. Examples of RATs include a 4G RAT, a 5G / NR RAT, and / or a 6G RAT, among other examples. In some examples, when multiple RATs are deployed in a given geographic area, each RAT in the geographic area may operate on different frequencies to avoid interference with one another.
[0043] Various operating bands have been defined as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz through 7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz through 52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz through 24.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz through 71 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz through 114.25 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz through 300 GHz) . Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “Sub-6 GHz” band in some documents and articles. Similarly, FR2 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “millimeter wave” band in some documents and articles, despite being different than the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz through 300 GHz) , which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a “millimeter wave” band. The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies, which include FR3. Frequency bands falling within FR3 may inherit FR1 characteristics or FR2 characteristics, and thus may effectively extend features of FR1 or FR2 into mid-band frequencies. Thus, “sub-6 GHz, ” if used herein, may broadly refer to frequencies that are less than 6 GHz, that are within FR1, and / or that are included in mid-band frequencies. Similarly, the term “millimeter wave, ” if used herein, may broadly refer to frequencies that are included in mid-band frequencies, that are within FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4-1, or FR5, and / or that are within the EHF band. Higher frequency bands may extend 5G NR operation, 6G operation, and / or other RATs beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, each of FR4a, FR4-1, FR4, and FR5 falls within the EHF band. In some examples, the wireless communication network 100 may implement dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) , in which multiple RATs (for example, 4G / LTE and 5G / NR) are implemented with dynamic bandwidth allocation (for example, based on user demand) in a single frequency band. It is contemplated that the frequencies included in these operating bands (for example, FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, and / or FR5) may be modified, and techniques described herein may be applicable to those modified frequency ranges.
[0044] A network node 110 may include one or more devices, components, or systems that enable communication between a UE 120 and one or more devices, components, or systems of the wireless communication network 100. A network node 110 may be, may include, or may also be referred to as an NR network node, a 5G network node, a 6G network node, a Node B, an eNB, a gNB, an access point (AP) , a transmission reception point (TRP) , a mobility element, a core, a network entity, a network element, a network equipment, and / or another type of device, component, or system included in a radio access network (RAN) .
[0045] A network node 110 may be implemented as a single physical node (for example, a single physical structure) or may be implemented as two or more physical nodes (for example, two or more distinct physical structures) . For example, a network node 110 may be a device or system that implements part of a radio protocol stack, a device or system that implements a full radio protocol stack (such as a full gNB protocol stack) , or a collection of devices or systems that collectively implement the full radio protocol stack. For example, and as shown, a network node 110 may be an aggregated network node (having an aggregated architecture) , meaning that the network node 110 may implement a full radio protocol stack that is physically and logically integrated within a single node (for example, a single physical structure) in the wireless communication network 100. For example, an aggregated network node 110 may consist of a single standalone base station or a single TRP that uses a full radio protocol stack to enable or facilitate communication between a UE 120 and a core network of the wireless communication network 100.
[0046] Alternatively, and as also shown, a network node 110 may be a disaggregated network node (sometimes referred to as a disaggregated base station) , meaning that the network node 110 may implement a radio protocol stack that is physically distributed and / or logically distributed among two or more nodes in the same geographic location or in different geographic locations. For example, a disaggregated network node may have a disaggregated architecture. In some deployments, disaggregated network nodes 110 may be used in an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) network, in an open radio access network (O-RAN) (such as a network configuration in compliance with the O-RAN Alliance) , or in a virtualized radio access network (vRAN) , also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN) , to facilitate scaling by separating base station functionality into multiple units that can be individually deployed.
[0047] The network nodes 110 of the wireless communication network 100 may include one or more CUs, one or more DUs, and / or one or more RUs. A CU may host one or more higher layer control functions, such as RRC functions, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) functions, and / or service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) functions, among other examples. A DU may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, and / or one or more higher physical (PHY) layers depending, at least in part, on a functional split, such as a functional split defined by the 3GPP. In some examples, a DU also may host one or more lower PHY layer functions, such as a fast Fourier transform (FFT) , an inverse FFT (iFFT) , beamforming, PRACH extraction and filtering, and / or scheduling of resources for one or more UEs 120, among other examples. An RU may host RF processing functions or lower PHY layer functions, such as an FFT, an iFFT, beamforming, or PRACH extraction and filtering, among other examples, according to a functional split, such as a lower layer functional split. In such an architecture, each RU can be operated to handle over the air (OTA) communication with one or more UEs 120.
[0048] In some aspects, a single network node 110 may include a combination of one or more CUs, one or more DUs, and / or one or more RUs. Additionally or alternatively, a network node 110 may include one or more Near-Real Time (Near-RT) RAN Intelligent Controllers (RICs) and / or one or more Non-Real Time (Non-RT) RICs. In some examples, a CU, a DU, and / or an RU may be implemented as a virtual unit, such as a virtual central unit (VCU) , a virtual distributed unit (VDU) , or a virtual radio unit (VRU) , among other examples. A virtual unit may be implemented as a virtual network function, such as associated with a cloud deployment.
[0049] Some network nodes 110 (for example, a base station, an RU, or a TRP) may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In the 3GPP, the term “cell” can refer to a coverage area of a network node 110 or to a network node 110 itself, depending on the context in which the term is used. A network node 110 may support one or multiple (for example, three) cells. In some examples, a network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (for example, several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscriptions. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscriptions. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (for example, a home) and may allow restricted access by UEs 120 having association with the femto cell (for example, UEs 120 in a closed subscriber group (CSG) ) . A network node 110 for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro network node. A network node 110 for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico network node. A network node 110 for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto network node or an in-home network node. In some examples, a cell may not necessarily be stationary. For example, the geographic area of the cell may move according to the location of an associated mobile network node 110 (for example, a train, a satellite base station, an unmanned aerial vehicle, or an NTN network node) .
[0050] The wireless communication network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includes network nodes 110 of different types, such as macro network nodes, pico network nodes, femto network nodes, relay network nodes, aggregated network nodes, and / or disaggregated network nodes, among other examples. In the example shown in Figure 1, the network node 110a may be a macro network node for a macro cell 130a, the network node 110b may be a pico network node for a pico cell 130b, and the network node 110c may be a femto network node for a femto cell 130c. Various different types of network nodes 110 may generally transmit at different power levels, serve different coverage areas, and / or have different impacts on interference in the wireless communication network 100 than other types of network nodes 110. For example, macro network nodes may have a high transmit power level (for example, 5 to 40 watts) , whereas pico network nodes, femto network nodes, and relay network nodes may have lower transmit power levels (for example, 0.1 to 2 watts) .
[0051] In some examples, a network node 110 may be, may include, or may operate as an RU, a TRP, or a base station that communicates with one or more UEs 120 via a radio access link (which may be referred to as a “Uu” link) . The radio access link may include a downlink and an uplink. “Downlink” (or “DL” ) refers to a communication direction from a network node 110 to a UE 120, and “uplink” (or “UL” ) refers to a communication direction from a UE 120 to a network node 110. Downlink channels may include one or more control channels and one or more data channels. A downlink control channel may be used to transmit downlink control information (DCI) (for example, scheduling information, reference signals, and / or configuration information) from a network node 110 to a UE 120. A downlink data channel may be used to transmit downlink data (for example, user data associated with a UE 120) from a network node 110 to a UE 120. Downlink control channels may include one or more physical downlink control channels (PDCCHs) , and downlink data channels may include one or more physical downlink shared channels (PDSCHs) . Uplink channels may similarly include one or more control channels and one or more data channels. An uplink control channel may be used to transmit uplink control information (UCI) (for example, reference signals and / or feedback corresponding to one or more downlink transmissions) from a UE 120 to a network node 110. An uplink data channel may be used to transmit uplink data (for example, user data associated with a UE 120) from a UE 120 to a network node 110. Uplink control channels may include one or more physical uplink control channels (PUCCHs) , and uplink data channels may include one or more physical uplink shared channels (PUSCHs) . The downlink and the uplink may each include a set of resources on which the network node 110 and the UE 120 may communicate.
[0052] Downlink and uplink resources may include time domain resources (frames, subframes, slots, and / or symbols) , frequency domain resources (frequency bands, component carriers, subcarriers, resource blocks, and / or resource elements) , and / or spatial domain resources (particular transmit directions and / or beam parameters) . Frequency domain resources of some bands may be subdivided into bandwidth parts (BWPs) . A BWP may be a continuous block of frequency domain resources (for example, a continuous block of resource blocks) that are allocated for one or more UEs 120. A UE 120 may be configured with both an uplink BWP and a downlink BWP (where the uplink BWP and the downlink BWP may be the same BWP or different BWPs) . A BWP may be dynamically configured (for example, by a network node 110 transmitting a DCI configuration to the one or more UEs 120) and / or reconfigured, which means that a BWP can be adjusted in real-time (or near-real-time) based on changing network conditions in the wireless communication network 100 and / or based on the specific requirements of the one or more UEs 120. This enables more efficient use of the available frequency domain resources in the wireless communication network 100 because fewer frequency domain resources may be allocated to a BWP for a UE 120 (which may reduce the quantity of frequency domain resources that a UE 120 is required to monitor) , leaving more frequency domain resources to be spread across multiple UEs 120. Thus, BWPs may also assist in the implementation of lower-capability UEs 120 by facilitating the configuration of smaller bandwidths for communication by such UEs 120.
[0053] As described above, in some aspects, the wireless communication network 100 may be, may include, or may be included in, an IAB network. In an IAB network, at least one network node 110 is an anchor network node that communicates with a core network. An anchor network node 110 may also be referred to as an IAB donor (or “IAB-donor” ) . The anchor network node 110 may connect to the core network via a wired backhaul link. For example, an Ng interface of the anchor network node 110 may terminate at the core network. Additionally or alternatively, an anchor network node 110 may connect to one or more devices of the core network that provide a core access and mobility management function (AMF) . An IAB network also generally includes multiple non-anchor network nodes 110, which may also be referred to as relay network nodes or simply as IAB nodes (or “IAB-nodes” ) . Each non-anchor network node 110 may communicate directly with the anchor network node 110 via a wireless backhaul link to access the core network, or may communicate indirectly with the anchor network node 110 via one or more other non-anchor network nodes 110 and associated wireless backhaul links that form a backhaul path to the core network. Some anchor network node 110 or other non-anchor network node 110 may also communicate directly with one or more UEs 120 via wireless access links that carry access traffic. In some examples, network resources for wireless communication (such as time resources, frequency resources, and / or spatial resources) may be shared between access links and backhaul links.
[0054] In some examples, any network node 110 that relays communications may be referred to as a relay network node, a relay station, or simply as a relay. A relay may receive a transmission of a communication from an upstream station (for example, another network node 110 or a UE 120) and transmit the communication to a downstream station (for example, a UE 120 or another network node 110) . In such examples, the wireless communication network 100 may include or be referred to as a “multi-hop network. ” In the example shown in Figure 1, the network node 110d (for example, a relay network node) may communicate with the network node 110a (for example, a macro network node) and the UE 120d in order to facilitate communication between the network node 110a and the UE 120d. Additionally or alternatively, a UE 120 may be or may operate as a relay station that can relay transmissions to or from other UEs 120. A UE 120 that relays communications may be referred to as a UE relay or a relay UE, among other examples.
[0055] The UEs 120 may be physically dispersed throughout the wireless communication network 100, and each UE 120 may be stationary or mobile. A UE 120 may be, may include, or may be included in an access terminal, another terminal, a mobile station, or a subscriber unit. A UE 120 may be, include, or be coupled with a cellular phone (for example, a smart phone) , a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (for example, a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband, and / or smart jewelry, such as a smart ring or a smart bracelet) , an entertainment device (for example, a music device, a video device, and / or a satellite radio) , an XR device, a vehicular component or sensor, a smart meter or sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) device (such as a Global Positioning System device or another type of positioning device) , a UE function of a network node, and / or any other suitable device or function that may communicate via a wireless medium.
[0056] A UE 120 and / or a network node 110 may include one or more chips, system-on-chips (SoCs) , chipsets, packages, or devices that individually or collectively constitute or comprise a processing system. The processing system includes processor (or “processing” ) circuitry in the form of one or multiple processors, microprocessors, processing units (such as central processing units (CPUs) , graphics processing units (GPUs) , neural processing units (NPUs) and / or digital signal processors (DSPs) ) , processing blocks, application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC) , programmable logic devices (PLDs) (such as field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) ) , or other discrete gate or transistor logic or circuitry (all of which may be generally referred to herein individually as “processors” or collectively as “the processor” or “the processor circuitry” ) . One or more of the processors may be individually or collectively configurable or configured to perform various functions or operations described herein. A group of processors collectively configurable or configured to perform a set of functions may include a first processor configurable or configured to perform a first function of the set and a second processor configurable or configured to perform a second function of the set, or may include the group of processors all being configured or configurable to perform the set of functions.
[0057] The processing system may further include memory circuitry in the form of one or more memory devices, memory blocks, memory elements or other discrete gate or transistor logic or circuitry, each of which may include tangible storage media such as random-access memory or read-only memory (ROM) , or combinations thereof (all of which may be generally referred to herein individually as “memories” or collectively as “the memory” or “the memory circuitry” ) . One or more of the memories may be coupled (for example, operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, or electrically coupled) with one or more of the processors and may individually or collectively store processor-executable code (such as software) that, when executed by one or more of the processors, may configure one or more of the processors to perform various functions or operations described herein. Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, one or more of the processors may be preconfigured to perform various functions or operations described herein without requiring configuration by software. The processing system may further include or be coupled with one or more modems (such as a Wi-Fi (for example, IEEE compliant) modem or a cellular (for example, 3GPP 4G LTE, 5G, or 6G compliant) modem) . In some implementations, one or more processors of the processing system include or implement one or more of the modems. The processing system may further include or be coupled with multiple radios (collectively “the radio” ) , multiple RF chains, or multiple transceivers, each of which may in turn be coupled with one or more of multiple antennas. In some implementations, one or more processors of the processing system include or implement one or more of the radios, RF chains or transceivers. The UE 120 may include or may be included in a housing that houses components associated with the UE 120 including the processing system.
[0058] Some UEs 120 may be considered machine-type communication (MTC) UEs, evolved or enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC) , UEs, further enhanced eMTC (feMTC) UEs, or enhanced feMTC (efeMTC) UEs, or further evolutions thereof, all of which may be simply referred to as “MTC UEs” . An MTC UE may be, may include, or may be included in or coupled with a robot, an uncrewed aerial vehicle, a remote device, a sensor, a meter, a monitor, and / or a location tag. Some UEs 120 may be considered IoT devices and / or may be implemented as NB-IoT (narrowband IoT) devices. An IoT UE or NB-IoT device may be, may include, or may be included in or coupled with an industrial machine, an appliance, a refrigerator, a doorbell camera device, a home automation device, and / or a light fixture, among other examples. Some UEs 120 may be considered Customer Premises Equipment, which may include telecommunications devices that are installed at a customer location (such as a home or office) to enable access to a service provider's network (such as included in or in communication with the wireless communication network 100) .
[0059] Some UEs 120 may be classified according to different categories in association with different complexities and / or different capabilities. UEs 120 in a first category may facilitate massive IoT in the wireless communication network 100, and may offer low complexity and / or cost relative to UEs 120 in a second category. UEs 120 in a second category may include mission-critical IoT devices, legacy UEs, baseline UEs, high-tier UEs, advanced UEs, full-capability UEs, and / or premium UEs that are capable of URLLC, enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) , and / or precise positioning in the wireless communication network 100, among other examples. A third category of UEs 120 may have mid-tier complexity and / or capability (for example, a capability between UEs 120 of the first category and UEs 120 of the second capability) . A UE 120 of the third category may be referred to as a reduced capacity UE ( “RedCap UE” ) , a mid-tier UE, an NR-Light UE, and / or an NR-Lite UE, among other examples. RedCap UEs may bridge a gap between the capability and complexity of NB-IoT devices and / or eMTC UEs, and mission-critical IoT devices and / or premium UEs. RedCap UEs may include, for example, wearable devices, IoT devices, industrial sensors, and / or cameras that are associated with a limited bandwidth, power capacity, and / or transmission range, among other examples. RedCap UEs may support healthcare environments, building automation, electrical distribution, process automation, transport and logistics, and / or smart city deployments, among other examples.
[0060] In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (for example, shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly with one another using sidelink communications (for example, without communicating by way of a network node 110 as an intermediary) . As an example, the UE 120a may directly transmit data, control information, or other signaling as a sidelink communication to the UE 120e. This is in contrast to, for example, the UE 120a first transmitting data in an UL communication to a network node 110, which then transmits the data to the UE 120e in a DL communication. In various examples, the UEs 120 may transmit and receive sidelink communications using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication protocols, device-to-device (D2D) communication protocols, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication protocols (which may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocols, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocols, and / or vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocols) , and / or mesh network communication protocols. In some deployments and configurations, a network node 110 may schedule and / or allocate resources for sidelink communications between UEs 120 in the wireless communication network 100. In some other deployments and configurations, a UE 120 (instead of a network node 110) may perform, or collaborate or negotiate with one or more other UEs to perform, scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations for sidelink communications.
[0061] In various examples, some of the network nodes 110 and the UEs 120 of the wireless communication network 100 may be configured for full-duplex operation in addition to half-duplex operation. A network node 110 or a UE 120 operating in a half-duplex mode may perform only one of transmission or reception during particular time resources, such as during particular slots, symbols, or other time periods. Half-duplex operation may involve time-division duplexing (TDD) , in which DL transmissions of the network node 110 and UL transmissions of the UE 120 do not occur in the same time resources (that is, the transmissions do not overlap in time) . In contrast, a network node 110 or a UE 120 operating in a full-duplex mode can transmit and receive communications concurrently (for example, in the same time resources) . By operating in a full-duplex mode, network nodes 110 and / or UEs 120 may generally increase the capacity of the network and the radio access link. In some examples, full-duplex operation may involve frequency-division duplexing (FDD) , in which DL transmissions of the network node 110 are performed in a first frequency band or on a first component carrier and transmissions of the UE 120 are performed in a second frequency band or on a second component carrier different than the first frequency band or the first component carrier, respectively. In some examples, full-duplex operation may be enabled for a UE 120 but not for a network node 110. For example, a UE 120 may simultaneously transmit an UL transmission to a first network node 110 and receive a DL transmission from a second network node 110 in the same time resources. In some other examples, full-duplex operation may be enabled for a network node 110 but not for a UE 120. For example, a network node 110 may simultaneously transmit a DL transmission to a first UE 120 and receive an UL transmission from a second UE 120 in the same time resources. In some other examples, full-duplex operation may be enabled for both a network node 110 and a UE 120.
[0062] In some examples, the UEs 120 and the network nodes 110 may perform MIMO communication. “MIMO” generally refers to transmitting or receiving multiple signals (such as multiple layers or multiple data streams) simultaneously over the same time and frequency resources. MIMO techniques generally exploit multipath propagation. MIMO may be implemented using various spatial processing or spatial multiplexing operations. In some examples, MIMO may support simultaneous transmission to multiple receivers, referred to as multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) . Some RATs may employ advanced MIMO techniques, such as mTRP operation (including redundant transmission or reception on multiple TRPs) , reciprocity in the time domain or the frequency domain, single-frequency-network (SFN) transmission, or non-coherent joint transmission (NC-JT) .
[0063] In some aspects, the UE 120 may include a communication manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 140 may transmit a first message of a two-step RACH procedure on a set of resources associated with a first operator and a second operator, wherein the UE is associated with the first operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid PRACH resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit; receive a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator; and communicate in accordance with the second message. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.
[0064] In some aspects, the network node 110 may include a communication manager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 150 may receive a first message of a two-step RACH procedure, wherein the first message is associated with a set of resources associated with the first operator and a second operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid PRACH resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit; output a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator; and communicate in accordance with the second message. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.
[0065] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating an example network node 110 in communication with an example UE 120 in a wireless network in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0066] As shown in Figure 2, the network node 110 may include a data source 212, a transmit processor 214, a transmit (TX) MIMO processor 216, a set of modems 232 (shown as 232a through 232t, where t ≥ 1) , a set of antennas 234 (shown as 234a through 234v, where v ≥ 1) , a MIMO detector 236, a receive processor 238, a data sink 239, a controller / processor 240, a memory 242, a communication unit 244, a scheduler 246, and / or a communication manager 150, among other examples. In some configurations, one or a combination of the antenna (s) 234, the modem (s) 232, the MIMO detector 236, the receive processor 238, the transmit processor 214, and / or the TX MIMO processor 216 may be included in a transceiver of the network node 110. The transceiver may be under control of and used by one or more processors, such as the controller / processor 240, and in some aspects in conjunction with processor-readable code stored in the memory 242, to perform aspects of the methods, processes, and / or operations described herein. In some aspects, the network node 110 may include one or more interfaces, communication components, and / or other components that facilitate communication with the UE 120 or another network node.
[0067] The terms “processor, ” “controller, ” or “controller / processor” may refer to one or more controllers and / or one or more processors. For example, reference to “a / the processor, ” “a / the controller / processor, ” or the like (in the singular) should be understood to refer to any one or more of the processors described in connection with Figure 2, such as a single processor or a combination of multiple different processors. Reference to “one or more processors” should be understood to refer to any one or more of the processors described in connection with Figure 2. For example, one or more processors of the network node 110 may include transmit processor 214, TX MIMO processor 216, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, and / or controller / processor 240. Similarly, one or more processors of the UE 120 may include MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, and / or controller / processor 280.
[0068] In some aspects, a single processor may perform all of the operations described as being performed by the one or more processors. In some aspects, a first set of (one or more) processors of the one or more processors may perform a first operation described as being performed by the one or more processors, and a second set of (one or more) processors of the one or more processors may perform a second operation described as being performed by the one or more processors. The first set of processors and the second set of processors may be the same set of processors or may be different sets of processors. Reference to “one or more memories” should be understood to refer to any one or more memories of a corresponding device, such as the memory described in connection with Figure 2. For example, operation described as being performed by one or more memories can be performed by the same subset of the one or more memories or different subsets of the one or more memories.
[0069] For downlink communication from the network node 110 to the UE 120, the transmit processor 214 may receive data ( “downlink data” ) intended for the UE 120 (or a set of UEs that includes the UE 120) from the data source 212 (such as a data pipeline or a data queue) . In some examples, the transmit processor 214 may select one or more MCSs for the UE 120 in accordance with one or more channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from the UE 120. The network node 110 may process the data (for example, including encoding the data) for transmission to the UE 120 on a downlink in accordance with the MCS (s) selected for the UE 120 to generate data symbols. The transmit processor 214 may process system information (for example, semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI) ) and / or control information (for example, CQI requests, grants, and / or upper layer signaling) and provide overhead symbols and / or control symbols. The transmit processor 214 may generate reference symbols for reference signals (for example, a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) , a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) , or a channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI- RS) ) and / or synchronization signals (for example, a primary synchronization signal (PSS) or a secondary synchronization signals (SSS) ) .
[0070] The TX MIMO processor 216 may perform spatial processing (for example, precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, the overhead symbols, and / or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide a set of output symbol streams (for example, T output symbol streams) to the set of modems 232. For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a respective modulator component (shown as MOD) of a modem 232. Each modem 232 may use the respective modulator component to process (for example, to modulate) a respective output symbol stream (for example, for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) ) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 may further use the respective modulator component to process (for example, convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a time domain downlink signal. The modems 232a through 232t may together transmit a set of downlink signals (for example, T downlink signals) via the corresponding set of antennas 234.
[0071] A downlink signal may include a DCI communication, a MAC control element (MAC-CE) communication, an RRC communication, a downlink reference signal, or another type of downlink communication. Downlink signals may be transmitted on a PDCCH, a PDSCH, and / or on another downlink channel. A downlink signal may carry one or more transport blocks (TBs) of data. A TB may be a unit of data that is transmitted over an air interface in the wireless communication network 100. A data stream (for example, from the data source 212) may be encoded into multiple TBs for transmission over the air interface. The quantity of TBs used to carry the data associated with a particular data stream may be associated with a TB size common to the multiple TBs. The TB size may be based on or otherwise associated with radio channel conditions of the air interface, the MCS used for encoding the data, the downlink resources allocated for transmitting the data, and / or another parameter. In general, the larger the TB size, the greater the amount of data that can be transmitted in a single transmission, which reduces signaling overhead. However, larger TB sizes may be more prone to transmission and / or reception errors than smaller TB sizes, but such errors may be mitigated by more robust error correction techniques.
[0072] For uplink communication from the UE 120 to the network node 110, uplink signals from the UE 120 may be received by an antenna 234, may be processed by a modem 232 (for example, a demodulator component, shown as DEMOD, of a modem 232) , may be detected by the MIMO detector 236 (for example, a receive (Rx) MIMO processor) if applicable, and / or may be further processed by the receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and / or control information. The receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to a data sink 239 (which may be a data pipeline, a data queue, and / or another type of data sink) and provide the decoded control information to a processor, such as the controller / processor 240.
[0073] The network node 110 may use the scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink or uplink communications. In some aspects, the scheduler 246 may use DCI to dynamically schedule DL transmissions to the UE 120 and / or UL transmissions from the UE 120. In some examples, the scheduler 246 may allocate recurring time domain resources and / or frequency domain resources that the UE 120 may use to transmit and / or receive communications using an RRC configuration (for example, a semi-static configuration) , for example, to perform semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) or to configure a configured grant (CG) for the UE 120.
[0074] One or more of the transmit processor 214, the TX MIMO processor 216, the modem 232, the antenna 234, the MIMO detector 236, the receive processor 238, and / or the controller / processor 240 may be included in an RF chain of the network node 110. An RF chain may include one or more filters, mixers, oscillators, amplifiers, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) , and / or other devices that convert between an analog signal (such as for transmission or reception via an air interface) and a digital signal (such as for processing by one or more processors of the network node 110) . In some aspects, the RF chain may be or may be included in a transceiver of the network node 110.
[0075] In some examples, the network node 110 may use the communication unit 244 to communicate with a core network and / or with other network nodes. The communication unit 244 may support wired and / or wireless communication protocols and / or connections, such as Ethernet, optical fiber, common public radio interface (CPRI) , and / or a wired or wireless backhaul, among other examples. The network node 110 may use the communication unit 244 to transmit and / or receive data associated with the UE 120 or to perform network control signaling, among other examples. The communication unit 244 may include a transceiver and / or an interface, such as a network interface.
[0076] The UE 120 may include a set of antennas 252 (shown as antennas 252a through 252r, where r ≥ 1) , a set of modems 254 (shown as modems 254a through 254u, where u ≥ 1) , a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a data sink 260, a data source 262, a transmit processor 264, a TX MIMO processor 266, a controller / processor 280, a memory 282, and / or a communication manager 140, among other examples. One or more of the components of the UE 120 may be included in a housing 284. In some aspects, one or a combination of the antenna (s) 252, the modem (s) 254, the MIMO detector 256, the receive processor 258, the transmit processor 264, or the TX MIMO processor 266 may be included in a transceiver that is included in the UE 120. The transceiver may be under control of and used by one or more processors, such as the controller / processor 280, and in some aspects in conjunction with processor-readable code stored in the memory 282, to perform aspects of the methods, processes, or operations described herein. In some aspects, the UE 120 may include another interface, another communication component, and / or another component that facilitates communication with the network node 110 and / or another UE 120.
[0077] For downlink communication from the network node 110 to the UE 120, the set of antennas 252 may receive the downlink communications or signals from the network node 110 and may provide a set of received downlink signals (for example, R received signals) to the set of modems 254. For example, each received signal may be provided to a respective demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of a modem 254. Each modem 254 may use the respective demodulator component to condition (for example, filter, amplify, downconvert, and / or digitize) a received signal to obtain input samples. Each modem 254 may use the respective demodulator component to further demodulate or process the input samples (for example, for OFDM) to obtain received symbols. The MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from the set of modems 254, may perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and may provide detected symbols. The receive processor 258 may process (for example, decode) the detected symbols, may provide decoded data for the UE 120 to the data sink 260 (which may include a data pipeline, a data queue, and / or an application executed on the UE 120) , and may provide decoded control information and system information to the controller / processor 280.
[0078] For uplink communication from the UE 120 to the network node 110, the transmit processor 264 may receive and process data ( “uplink data” ) from a data source 262 (such as a data pipeline, a data queue, and / or an application executed on the UE 120) and control information from the controller / processor 280. The control information may include one or more parameters, feedback, one or more signal measurements, and / or other types of control information. In some aspects, the receive processor 258 and / or the controller / processor 280 may determine, for a received signal (such as received from the network node 110 or another UE) , one or more parameters relating to transmission of the uplink communication. The one or more parameters may include a reference signal received power (RSRP) parameter, a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) parameter, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) parameter, a CQI parameter, or a transmit power control (TPC) parameter, among other examples. The control information may include an indication of the RSRP parameter, the RSSI parameter, the RSRQ parameter, the CQI parameter, the TPC parameter, and / or another parameter. The control information may facilitate parameter selection and / or scheduling for the UE 120 by the network node 110.
[0079] The transmit processor 264 may generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals, such as an uplink DMRS, an uplink sounding reference signal (SRS) , and / or another type of reference signal. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be precoded by the TX MIMO processor 266, if applicable, and further processed by the set of modems 254 (for example, for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM) . The TX MIMO processor 266 may perform spatial processing (for example, precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, the overhead symbols, and / or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide a set of output symbol streams (for example, U output symbol streams) to the set of modems 254. For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a respective modulator component (shown as MOD) of a modem 254. Each modem 254 may use the respective modulator component to process (for example, to modulate) a respective output symbol stream (for example, for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 254 may further use the respective modulator component to process (for example, convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain an uplink signal.
[0080] The modems 254a through 254u may transmit a set of uplink signals (for example, R uplink signals or U uplink symbols) via the corresponding set of antennas 252. An uplink signal may include a UCI communication, a MAC-CE communication, an RRC communication, or another type of uplink communication. Uplink signals may be transmitted on a PUSCH, a PUCCH, and / or another type of uplink channel. An uplink signal may carry one or more TBs of data. Sidelink data and control transmissions (that is, transmissions directly between two or more UEs 120) may generally use similar techniques as were described for uplink data and control transmission, and may use sidelink-specific channels such as a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) , a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) , and / or a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH) .
[0081] One or more antennas of the set of antennas 252 or the set of antennas 234 may include, or may be included within, one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays, among other examples. An antenna panel, an antenna group, a set of antenna elements, or an antenna array may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings) , a set of coplanar antenna elements, a set of non-coplanar antenna elements, or one or more antenna elements coupled with one or more transmission or reception components, such as one or more components of Figure 2. As used herein, “antenna” can refer to one or more antennas, one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays. “Antenna panel” can refer to a group of antennas (such as antenna elements) arranged in an array or panel, which may facilitate beamforming by manipulating parameters of the group of antennas. “Antenna module” may refer to circuitry including one or more antennas, which may also include one or more other components (such as filters, amplifiers, or processors) associated with integrating the antenna module into a wireless communication device.
[0082] In some examples, each of the antenna elements of an antenna 234 or an antenna 252 may include one or more sub-elements for radiating or receiving radio frequency signals. For example, a single antenna element may include a first sub-element cross-polarized with a second sub-element that can be used to independently transmit cross-polarized signals. The antenna elements may include patch antennas, dipole antennas, and / or other types of antennas arranged in a linear pattern, a two-dimensional pattern, or another pattern. A spacing between antenna elements may be such that signals with a desired wavelength transmitted separately by the antenna elements may interact or interfere constructively and destructively along various directions (such as to form a desired beam) . For example, given an expected range of wavelengths or frequencies, the spacing may provide a quarter wavelength, a half wavelength, or another fraction of a wavelength of spacing between neighboring antenna elements to allow for the desired constructive and destructive interference patterns of signals transmitted by the separate antenna elements within that expected range.
[0083] The amplitudes and / or phases of signals transmitted via antenna elements and / or sub-elements may be modulated and shifted relative to each other (such as by manipulating phase shift, phase offset, and / or amplitude) to generate one or more beams, which is referred to as beamforming. The term “beam” may refer to a directional transmission of a wireless signal toward a receiving device or otherwise in a desired direction. “Beam” may also generally refer to a direction associated with such a directional signal transmission, a set of directional resources associated with the signal transmission (for example, an angle of arrival, a horizontal direction, and / or a vertical direction) , and / or a set of parameters that indicate one or more aspects of a directional signal, a direction associated with the signal, and / or a set of directional resources associated with the signal. In some implementations, antenna elements may be individually selected or deselected for directional transmission of a signal (or signals) by controlling amplitudes of one or more corresponding amplifiers and / or phases of the signal (s) to form one or more beams. The shape of a beam (such as the amplitude, width, and / or presence of side lobes) and / or the direction of a beam (such as an angle of the beam relative to a surface of an antenna array) can be dynamically controlled by modifying the phase shifts, phase offsets, and / or amplitudes of the multiple signals relative to each other.
[0084] Different UEs 120 or network nodes 110 may include different numbers of antenna elements. For example, a UE 120 may include a single antenna element, two antenna elements, four antenna elements, eight antenna elements, or a different number of antenna elements. As another example, a network node 110 may include eight antenna elements, 24 antenna elements, 64 antenna elements, 128 antenna elements, or a different number of antenna elements. Generally, a larger number of antenna elements may provide increased control over parameters for beam generation relative to a smaller number of antenna elements, whereas a smaller number of antenna elements may be less complex to implement and may use less power than a larger number of antenna elements. Multiple antenna elements may support multiple-layer transmission, in which a first layer of a communication (which may include a first data stream) and a second layer of a communication (which may include a second data stream) are transmitted using the same time and frequency resources with spatial multiplexing.
[0085] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating an example disaggregated base station architecture 300 in accordance with the present disclosure. One or more components of the example disaggregated base station architecture 300 may be, may include, or may be included in one or more network nodes (such one or more network nodes 110) . The disaggregated base station architecture 300 may include a CU 310 that can communicate directly with a core network 320 via a backhaul link, or that can communicate indirectly with the core network 320 via one or more disaggregated control units, such as a Non-RT RIC 350 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) Framework 360 and / or a Near-RT RIC 370 (for example, via an E2 link) . The CU 310 may communicate with one or more DUs 330 via respective midhaul links, such as via F1 interfaces. Each of the DUs 330 may communicate with one or more RUs 340 via respective fronthaul links. Each of the RUs 340 may communicate with one or more UEs 120 via respective RF access links. In some deployments, a UE 120 may be simultaneously served by multiple RUs 340.
[0086] Each of the components of the disaggregated base station architecture 300, including the CUs 310, the DUs 330, the RUs 340, the Near-RT RICs 370, the Non-RT RICs 350, and the SMO Framework 360, may include one or more interfaces or may be coupled with one or more interfaces for receiving or transmitting signals, such as data or information, via a wired or wireless transmission medium.
[0087] In some aspects, the CU 310 may be logically split into one or more CU user plane (CU-UP) units and one or more CU control plane (CU-CP) units. A CU-UP unit may communicate bidirectionally with a CU-CP unit via an interface, such as the E1 interface when implemented in an O-RAN configuration. The CU 310 may be deployed to communicate with one or more DUs 330, as necessary, for network control and signaling. Each DU 330 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions to control the operation of one or more RUs 340. For example, a DU 330 may host various layers, such as an RLC layer, a MAC layer, or one or more PHY layers, such as one or more high PHY layers or one or more low PHY layers. Each layer (which also may be referred to as a module) may be implemented with an interface for communicating signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 330, or for communicating signals with the control functions hosted by the CU 310. Each RU 340 may implement lower layer functionality. In some aspects, real-time and non-real-time aspects of control and user plane communication with the RU (s) 340 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 330.
[0088] The SMO Framework 360 may support RAN deployment and provisioning of non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 360 may support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which may be managed via an operations and maintenance interface, such as an O1 interface. For virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 360 may interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-Cloud) platform 390) to perform network element life cycle management (such as to instantiate virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface, such as an O2 interface. A virtualized network element may include, but is not limited to, a CU 310, a DU 330, an RU 340, a non-RT RIC 350, and / or a Near-RT RIC 370. In some aspects, the SMO Framework 360 may communicate with a hardware aspect of a 4G RAN, a 5G NR RAN, and / or a 6G RAN, such as an open eNB (O-eNB) 380, via an O1 interface. Additionally or alternatively, the SMO Framework 360 may communicate directly with each of one or more RUs 340 via a respective O1 interface. In some deployments, this configuration can enable each DU 330 and the CU 310 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.
[0089] The Non-RT RIC 350 may include or may implement a logical function that enables non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, AI / ML workflows including model training and updates, and / or policy-based guidance of applications and / or features in the Near-RT RIC 370. The Non-RT RIC 350 may be coupled to or may communicate with (such as via an A1 interface) the Near-RT RIC 370. The Near-RT RIC 370 may include or may implement a logical function that enables near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions via an interface (such as via an E2 interface) connecting one or more CUs 310, one or more DUs 330, and / or an O-eNB with the Near-RT RIC 370.
[0090] In some aspects, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the Near-RT RIC 370, the Non-RT RIC 350 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from external servers. Such information may be utilized by the Near-RT RIC 370 and may be received at the SMO Framework 360 or the Non-RT RIC 350 from non-network data sources or from network functions. In some examples, the Non-RT RIC 350 or the Near-RT RIC 370 may tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the Non-RT RIC 350 may monitor long-term trends and patterns for performance and may employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions via the SMO Framework 360 (such as reconfiguration via an O1 interface) or via creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 interface policies) .
[0091] The network node 110, the controller / processor 240 of the network node 110, the UE 120, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, the CU 310, the DU 330, the RU 340, or any other component (s) of Figures 1, 2, or 3 may implement one or more techniques or perform one or more operations associated with two-step RACH for network sharing, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the controller / processor 240 of the network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, any other component (s) of Figure 2, the CU 310, the DU 330, or the RU 340 may perform or direct operations of, for example, process 1100 of Figure 11, process 1200 of Figure 12, or other processes as described herein (alone or in conjunction with one or more other processors) . The memory 242 may store data and program codes for the network node 110, the network node 110, the CU 310, the DU 330, or the RU 340. The memory 282 may store data and program codes for the UE 120. In some examples, the memory 242 or the memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions (for example, code or program code) for wireless communication. The memory 242 may include one or more memories, such as a single memory or multiple different memories (of the same type or of different types) . The memory 282 may include one or more memories, such as a single memory or multiple different memories (of the same type or of different types) . For example, the set of instructions, when executed (for example, directly, or after compiling, converting, or interpreting) by one or more processors of the network node 110, the UE 120, the CU 310, the DU 330, or the RU 340, may cause the one or more processors to perform process 1100 of Figure 11, process 1200 of Figure 12, or other processes as described herein. In some examples, executing instructions may include running the instructions, converting the instructions, compiling the instructions, and / or interpreting the instructions, among other examples.
[0092] In some aspects, the UE 120 includes means for transmitting a first message of a two-step RACH procedure on a set of resources associated with a first operator and a second operator, wherein the UE 120 is associated with the first operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid PRACH resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit; means for receiving a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator; and / or means for communicating in accordance with the second message. The means for the UE 120 to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communication manager 140, antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, controller / processor 280, or memory 282.
[0093] In some aspects, the network node 110 includes means for receiving a first message of a two-step RACH procedure, wherein the first message is associated with a set of resources associated with the first operator and a second operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid PRACH resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit; means for outputting a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator; and / or means for communicating in accordance with the second message. The means for the network node 110 to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communication manager 150, transmit processor 214, TX MIMO processor 216, modem 232, antenna 234, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, controller / processor 240, memory 242, or scheduler 246.
[0094] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating examples 400 and 402 of spectrum sharing for multiple operators in accordance with the present disclosure. Examples 400 and 402 relate to a first operator ( “Operator 1” ) and a second operator ( “Operator 2” ) . “Operator, ” as used herein, may refer to an entity associated with one or more PLMN identifiers, one or more NPN identifiers, or a network. Spectrum or network nodes associated with the first operator are illustrated with a dotted fill. Spectrum or network nodes associated with the second operator are illustrated with a diagonal hatched fill.
[0095] In example 400, the first operator is associated with a CU 405a (for example, network node 110, CU 310) , a DU 410a (for example, network node 110 or DU 330) , and an RU 415a (for example, network node 110 or RU 340) . In example 400, the second operator is associated with a CU 405b (for example, network node 110, CU 310) , a DU 410b (for example, network node 110 or DU 330) , and an RU 415b (for example, network node 110 or RU 340) . In some examples, the RU 415a may provide access or coverage in spectrum (such as frequencies) associated with the first operator. This spectrum is shown by reference number 420. In some examples, the RU 415b may provide access or coverage in spectrum (such as frequencies) associated with the second operator. This spectrum is shown by reference number 425. In some other examples, both RUs 415a and 415b may support both the spectrum shown by reference number 420 and the spectrum shown by reference number 425.
[0096] Example 400 illustrates two potential implementations of spectrum sharing. A first implementation is shown by reference number 430. In the first implementation, operators share RUs 415 to access spectra of other operators. This is illustrated by an arrow from DU 410a to RU 415b and an arrow from DU 410b to RU 415a. The arrow from DU 410a to RU 415b indicates that the DU 410a may communicate with the RU 415b to facilitate access, by UEs covered by the RU 415b, to a network associated with DU 410a (for example a network associated with the first operator, such as a network having a PLMN identifier or NPN identifier associated with the first operator) . In the first implementation, the RU 415a provides coverage only for spectrum associated with the first operator, and the RU 415b provides coverage only for spectrum associated with the second operator.
[0097] A second implementation is shown by reference number 435. In the second implementation, each RU 415a / 415b provides coverage for both the spectrum associated with the first operator and the spectrum associated with the second operator.
[0098] In the first implementation shown by reference number 430, in some time instances, access to a network provided by a given operator can be performed via an RU 415 associated with the other operator. For example, at reference number 440, a network associated with operator 1 can be accessed via RU 415b, as indicated by the diagonal hatched fill included in “spectrum for operator 1” illustrated by reference number 440. Similarly, at reference number 445, a network associated with operator 2 can be accessed via RU 415a, as indicated by the dotted fill included in “spectrum for operator 2” illustrated by reference number 445. Thus, a UE accessing a network associated with operator 1 may communicate with RU 415a during a time interval illustrated by reference number 450, and may communicate with RU 415b during a time interval illustrated by reference number 440. In some examples, spectrum sharing may occur when a given operator is not utilizing spectrum associated with (for example licensed by, controlled by) the given operator. For example, operator 1 may make spectrum associated with operator 1 available at a time interval illustrated by reference number 440 when operator 1 is not utilizing the spectrum.
[0099] In the second implementation shown by reference number 435, a UE associated with a given operator can access a network provided by the given operator via spectrum associated with the other operator. For example, at reference number 440, a network associated with operator 1 can be accessed via RU 415a and spectrum associated with operator 2. Similarly, at reference number 445, a network associated with operator 2 can be accessed via RU 415b and spectrum associated with operator 1 as indicated by the dotted fill included in “spectrum for operator 2” illustrated by reference number 445.
[0100] Spectrum sharing as illustrated by reference number 430 can be implemented without significant hardware upgrades at the networks. RUs 415 deployed by operators for their respective spectra can be used for spectrum sharing. Furthermore, a UE subscribing to an operator can achieve higher throughput by spectrum aggregation served by different RUs 415. This approach may also enable coverage sharing, in which different operators can support different coverage using their own RUs 415 and spectra. Spectrum sharing as illustrated by reference number 435 may simplify midhaul or backhaul communication between CUs, DUs, and RUs.
[0101] Example 402 is an example in which an RU 415c provides coverage for both the spectrum for operator 1 and the spectrum for operator 2. For example, the RU 415c may be a neutral host (for example, may be implemented or controlled by neither the DU 410a nor the DU 410b) . In this example, the DUs 410a and 410b may communicate with the RU 415c, and UEs may access networks associated with the first operator or the second operator via the RU 415c. In some aspects, the RU 415c may be referred to as a shared RU.
[0102] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an example 500 of a two-step random access procedure, in accordance with the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 5, an RU 502 and a UE 120 may communicate with one another to perform the two-step random access procedure. The RU 502 may include, for example, RU 340, RU 415a, RU 415b, or RU 415c. Example 500 provides an overview of a two-step random access procedure. Details regarding two-step random access for spectrum sharing are provided in connection with Figures 6 through 9.
[0103] In a first operation 505, the RU 502 may transmit, and the UE 120 may receive, one or more SSBs and random access configuration information. In some aspects, the random access configuration information may be transmitted in and / or indicated by system information (for example in one or more system information blocks (SIBs) ) and / or an SSB, such as for contention-based random access. Additionally or alternatively, the random access configuration information may be transmitted in an RRC message and / or a PDCCH order message that triggers a RACH procedure, such as for contention-free random access. The random access configuration information may include one or more parameters to be used in the two-step random access procedure, such as one or more parameters for transmitting a random access message (RAM) and / or receiving a random access response (RAR) to the RAM.
[0104] In some aspects, the random access configuration information, SSB, or other information may indicate resources for transmission of a first message of the two-step RACH procedure (referred to below as a RAM preamble and a RAM payload) . The resources may be associated with a first operator and a second operator. For example, the resources may include a shared random access resource, which is a resource that can be used for transmission of a message of the two-step RACH procedure for a first operator and for a second operator. The resources may include a valid PRACH resource unit and a valid PUSCH resource unit. A valid PRACH resource unit may include resources for a RAM preamble (such as for one or more preamble groups) , and may include resources for any repetitions of the RAM preamble and / or any frequency hopping resources for the RAM preamble. A valid PUSCH resource unit may include a resource for a RAM payload, and may include resources for any repetitions of the RAM payload and / or any frequency hopping resources for the RAM payload.
[0105] In a second operation 510, the UE 120 may transmit, and the RU 502 may receive, a RAM preamble. In a third operation 515, the UE 120 may transmit, and the RU 502 may receive, a RAM payload. As shown, the UE 120 may transmit the RAM preamble and the RAM payload to the RU 502 as part of an initial (or first) step of the two-step random access procedure. In some aspects, the RAM may be referred to as message A, msgA, a first message, or an initial message in a two-step random access procedure. Furthermore, in some aspects, the RAM preamble may be referred to as a message A preamble, a msgA preamble, a preamble, or a PRACH preamble, and the RAM payload may be referred to as a message A payload, a msgA payload, or a payload. In some aspects, the RAM may include some or all of the contents of message 1 (msg1) and message 3 (msg3) of a four-step random access procedure. For example, the RAM preamble may include some or all contents of message 1 (for example a PRACH preamble) , and the RAM payload may include some or all contents of message 3 (for example a UE identifier, UCI, and / or a PUSCH transmission) .
[0106] In a fourth operation 520, the RU 502 may receive the RAM preamble transmitted by the UE 120. If the RU 502 successfully receives and decodes the RAM preamble, the RU 502 may then receive and decode the RAM payload.
[0107] In a fifth operation 525, the RU 502 may transmit an RAR (sometimes referred to as an RAR message) . As shown, the RU 502 may transmit the RAR message as part of a second step of the two-step random access procedure. In some aspects, the RAR message may be referred to as message B, msgB, or a second message in a two-step random access procedure. The RAR message may include some or all of the contents of message 2 (msg2) and message 4 (msg4) of a four-step random access procedure. For example, the RAR message may include the detected PRACH preamble identifier, the detected UE identifier, a timing advance value, and / or contention resolution information.
[0108] As shown by reference number 530, as part of the second step of the two-step random access procedure, the RU 502 may transmit a PDCCH communication for the RAR. The PDCCH communication may schedule a PDSCH communication that includes the RAR. For example, the PDCCH communication may indicate a resource allocation (for example in DCI) for the PDSCH communication. The PDCCH communication may be associated with a cell radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI) or a MsgB radio network temporary identifier (MsgB-RNTI) .
[0109] As shown by reference number 535, as part of the second step of the two-step random access procedure, the RU 502 may transmit the PDSCH communication for the RAR, as scheduled by the PDCCH communication. The RAR may be included in a MAC protocol data unit (PDU) of the PDSCH communication, which may be referred to as a SuccessRAR. Thus, the UE 120 may obtain a valid timing adjustment and PUCCH resource and timing. In a sixth operation 540, if the UE 120 successfully receives the RAR, the UE 120 may transmit a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgement (ACK) .
[0110] In some aspects, the RU 502 may provide an indication to fall back to a four-step RACH procedure. For example, if the RU 502 detects only the preamble of MsgA, then the RU 502 may provide an indication to fall back to a four-step RACH procedure. The UE 120 may retransmit a PUSCH communication of MsgA as Msg3 of the four-step RACH procedure, and the RU 502 may transmit a PDCCH communication scheduling a PDSCH communication for Msg4 of the four-step RACH procedure. The RU 502 may transmit the PDSCH communication. In some aspects, the RU 502 may trigger the fallback when multiple DUs or RUs have detected only the preamble of MsgA.
[0111] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating an example 600 of signaling for two-step RACH procedures in shared spectrum in accordance with the present disclosure. Example 600 includes a UE 120 and an RU 605 (such as network node 110, RU 340, or RU 415a, 415b, or 415c) . The RU 605 may be associated with a first operator. Example 600 also illustrates a first DU 610 (such as network node 110, DU 330, or DU 410) and a first CU 615 (such as network node 110, CU 310, or CU 405) that are associated with the first operator, and a second DU 620 (such as network node 110, DU 330, or DU 410) and a second CU 625 (such as network node 110, CU 310, or CU 405) that are associated with a second operator different than the first operator. The UE 120 may be associated with the first operator. For example, the UE 120 may be a subscriber of the second operator. Thus, the UE 120 may access a network associated with (such as provided by) the first DU 610 and / or the first CU 615 via the RU 605. Thus, the RU 605 may implement spectrum sharing with regard to the first operator or the second operator. It should be noted that the RU 605 is illustrated as in communication with the first DU 610 and the second DU 620, but in some aspects, the RU 605 may not communicate with the second DU 620. For example, the RU 605 may be implemented by the first DU 610 and may provide coverage for the first operator via spectrum associated with the first operator and spectrum associated with the second operator. In this example, for the RU 605, spectrum associated with the first operator may be referred to as primary spectrum and spectrum associated with the second operator may be referred to as secondary spectrum.
[0112] As shown by reference number 630, the RU 605 may transmit, and the UE 120 may receive, one or more SSBs and random access configuration information. In some aspects, the random access configuration information may be transmitted in and / or indicated by system information (for example in one or more SIBs) and / or an SSB, such as for contention-based random access. Additionally or alternatively, the random access configuration information may be transmitted in an RRC message and / or a PDCCH order message that triggers a RACH procedure, such as for contention-free random access. The random access configuration information may include one or more parameters to be used in the two-step random access procedure, such as one or more parameters for transmitting a RAM and / or receiving a RAR to the RAM.
[0113] In some aspects, the random access configuration information, SSB, or other information may indicate resources for transmission of a first message of the two-step RACH procedure (referred to below as a RAM preamble and a RAM payload) . The resources may be associated with a first operator and a second operator. For example, the resources may include a shared random access resource, which is a resource that can be used for transmission of a message of the two-step RACH procedure for a first operator and for a second operator. The resources may include a valid PRACH resource unit and a valid PUSCH resource unit. A valid PRACH resource unit may include a resource for a RAM preamble, and may include resources for any repetitions of the RAM preamble and / or any frequency hopping resources for the RAM preamble. A valid PUSCH resource unit may include a resource for a RAM payload, and may include resources for any repetitions of the RAM payload and / or any frequency hopping resources for the RAM payload.
[0114] The valid PUSCH resource unit may be mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit. For example, the UE 120 may select the valid PRACH resource unit, and may identify a valid PUSCH resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit. This mapping may be defined, for example, in a wireless communication specification or by information signaled to the UE 120 (such as in the SSB or random access configuration information shown by reference number 630) . For example, the UE 120 may receive configuration information indicating the mapping.
[0115] A PUSCH resource unit may be validated according to one or more rules. The one or more rules may be defined, for example, in a wireless communication specification or by information signaled to the UE 120 (such as in the SSB or random access configuration information shown by reference number 630) . For example, the UE 120 may receive configuration information indicating the one or more rules. Similarly, a PRACH resource unit may be validated according to one or more rules. The one or more rules may be defined, for example, in a wireless communication specification or by information signaled to the UE 120 (such as in the SSB or random access configuration information shown by reference number 630) .
[0116] The valid PRACH resource units and the valid PUSCH resource units may be ordered. For example, the valid PRACH resource units and the valid PUSCH resource units may be ordered sequentially according to resource indexing in frequency, time, and code domains.
[0117] In some aspects, the valid PUSCH resource unit may be frequency division multiplexed (FDMed) with the valid PRACH resource unit. For example, the valid PUSCH resource unit and the valid PRACH resource unit may occupy the same time resource and different frequency resources. In some aspects, the valid PUSCH resource unit may be time division multiplexed (TDMed) with the valid PRACH resource unit. For example, the valid PUSCH resource unit and the valid PRACH resource unit may occupy the same frequency resource and different time resources.
[0118] As shown, the UE 120 may transmit, and the RU 605 may receive, a RAM preamble 635. As shown, the UE 120 may transmit, and the RU 605 may receive, a RAM payload 640. In some aspects, the RAM preamble 635 and the RAM payload 640 may collectively be referred to as a first message 645 in a two-step RACH procedure.
[0119] As shown, in some aspects, the first message 645 may include or be associated with an indication 650 of an operator. For example, the indication 650 may indicate the operator, a network identifier of the operator, an identifier of a DU, CU, or RU associated with the operator, or the like. The indication 650 may be referred to as information indicating the operator. In some aspects, the indication 650 may include subscription information of the UE 120, such as an indication of a network identifier (such as a PLMN identifier or NPN identifier) .
[0120] In some aspects, the indication 650 may be multiplexed and jointly encoded with content of the first message 645. For example, the UE 120 may multiplex and jointly encode the indication 650 with the content of the first message 645. Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating an example 700 of multiplexing and jointly encoding an indication 650 with content of the first message 645 in accordance with the present disclosure. As shown, the indication 650 and other initial access information 705 may be multiplexed 710, and may then be subject to cyclic redundancy check attachment 715, channel coding 720, and resource element mapping 725. Jointly encoding may include the channel coding 720. The other initial access information 705 may include, for example, a UE identifier, a priority indication, a cause of an RRC setup, a cause of an RRC resume, a measurement report, or UE assistance information.
[0121] Returning to Figure 6, in some aspects, the indication 650 may be based on a physical-layer configuration of the first message 645. For example, the physical-layer configuration may indicate the subscription information. In some aspects, the indication 650 may be associated with a DMRS resource (such as a DMRS antenna port, a DMRS sequence, a DMRS scrambling identifier, a DMRS waveform, or a transmit power) , a PUSCH transmission configuration (such as a PUSCH waveform, a PUSCH numerology, a PUSCH resource, a PUSCH transmit beam, or a PUSCH transmit power) , a modulation or coding parameter (for example a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) initialization, an interleaving configuration of a set of bits or symbols, a scrambling configuration of a set of bits or symbols, or a spreading configuration of a set of bits or symbols) , or a combination thereof. The physical-layer configuration based indication 650 may enable early detection of UE subscription information and network energy savings by enabling early termination of MsgA payload decoding by an unintended RU or DU. In some aspects, a mapping of the physical-layer configuration to the subscription information may be configured, for example, by system information or RRC signaling (such as the signaling shown by reference number 630) .
[0122] As shown by reference number 655, the RU 605 may receive the RAM preamble 635 transmitted by the UE 120. If the RU 605 successfully receives and decodes the RAM preamble 635, the RU 605 may then receive and decode the RAM payload.
[0123] As shown, the RU 605 may transmit a second message 660 of a two-step RACH procedure, shown as an RAR (sometimes referred to as an RAR message) . As shown, the RU 605 may transmit the second message 660 as part of a second step of the two-step random access procedure. The second message 660 may include a PDCCH communication for the RAR and a PDSCH communication that includes the RAR. For example, the PDCCH communication may indicate a resource allocation (for example in DCI) for the PDSCH communication. The PDCCH communication may be associated with a cell radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI) or a MsgB radio network temporary identifier (MsgB-RNTI) .
[0124] In some aspects, the RU 605 may transmit the second message 660 (such as a PDCCH communication) in a random access (RA) search space. In some aspects, the RA search space may be configured, such as in spectrum associated with the first operator or spectrum associated with the second operator. The UE 120 may search for the PDCCH communication in the RA search space.
[0125] As shown, in some aspects, the second message 660 may include an indication 665 of an operator. For example, the indication 665 may indicate the operator, a network identifier of the operator, an identifier of a DU, CU, or RU associated with the operator, or the like. The indication 665 may be referred to as information indicating the operator. In some aspects, the indication 665 may include subscription information of the UE 120, such as an indication of a network identifier (such as a PLMN identifier or NPN identifier) .
[0126] The indication 665 may be associated with a configuration that indicates that the indication 665 is associated with the corresponding operator. The configuration may be implemented using a physical-layer configuration of the indication 665, a random access search space of the second message 660, or a combination thereof. For example, the configuration may be implemented using separate RA search spaces for second messages 660 originating from different DUs, operators, or spectrum users. As another example, the configuration may be implemented by configuring different offsets for radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) calculation (such as an offset for a group-specific RNTI for contention-based random access or a UE-specific RNTI for contention-free random access) . The RNTI may be used to scramble the CRC of a PDCCH communication of the second message 660, and the calculation of a group-specific RNTI may be based on the resource index of the valid PRACH resource unit and / or valid PUSCH resource unit selected by the UE for the two-step RACH procedure. As another example, the configuration may be implemented by configuring different DMRS resources (such as antenna ports, sequences, scrambling identifiers, or waveform) for the second message 660 (a PDSCH communication and / or a PDCCH communication of the second message 660) . As another example, the configuration may be implemented by a second message transmission configuration (which may indicate a waveform, numerology, resources (which may include time / frequency resources and / or transmit beams) , or the like) for the PDSCH communication and / or PDCCH communication of the second message 660. As another example, the configuration may be implemented using a modulation or coding parameter, such as by configuring different modulation and schemes for the PDCCH communication or PDSCH communication (such as using different CRC initialization, bit / symbol level interleaving, scrambling, or spreading, or by padding bits) . In some aspects, the configuration may be implemented as a combination of two or more of the above configurations.
[0127] In some aspects, the RU 605 may transmit, and the UE 120 may receive, configuration information that indicates the configuration for the indication 665. For example, the DUs 610 and 620 may coordinate to determine this configuration information. The configuration information may be signaled to the UE 120 via the RU 605. The configuration information may be signaled via RRC signaling, system information, or other signaling, such as via the signaling shown by reference number 630.
[0128] Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating a channel structure 800 of a first message 645 of a two-step RACH procedure. As shown, the first message 645 may include a RAM preamble 635 and a RAM payload 640. For example, the RAM payload 640 may include a DMRS and a PUSCH transmission.
[0129] As shown, the first message 645 may include a guard time 805 in the RAM preamble 635, a guard period 810 in the RAM payload 640, and a transmission gap 815 between the RAM preamble 635 and the RAM payload 640. In some aspects, the guard time 805 may be associated with (such as derived from) at least one of a PRACH format of the RAM preamble 635 or a number of repetitions configured for the RAM preamble 635. In some aspects, the guard period 810 may be associated with (such as derived from) a transport block size, a modulation and coding scheme, and / or an uplink resource allocation for the RAM payload 640. In some aspects, the transmission gap 815 may be associated with (such as derived from) at least one of a frequency range of the first message 645, a numerology of the first message 645, or a transmission scheme of the first message 645 (such as a power control parameter, a frequency hopping parameter, a waveform, a coverage enhancement configuration, or a combination thereof, as configured for the RAM preamble 635, the RAM payload 640, or a combination thereof) .
[0130] Figure 9 is a diagram illustrating an example 900 of mapping from PRACH resource units to PUSCH resource units in accordance with the present disclosure. As mentioned, a UE 120 may identify a valid PUSCH resource unit according to a mapping between the valid PUSCH resource unit and a valid PRACH resource unit selected by the UE 120. The mappings between valid PRACH resource units and valid PUSCH resource units can be one-to-one, many-to-one, many-to-many, or one-to-many. Example 900 illustrates a case where a valid PRACH resource unit 905 is mapped to a first valid PUSCH resource unit 910 and a second valid PUSCH resource unit 915. As shown, the first valid PUSCH resource unit 910 is associated with a first preamble group 920 of the valid PRACH resource unit 905, and the second valid PUSCH resource unit 915 is associated with a second preamble group 925 of the valid PRACH resource unit 905. A UE 120 that selects a preamble from the first preamble group 920 may select the first valid PUSCH resource unit 910, and a UE 120 that selects a preamble from the second preamble group 925 may select the second valid PUSCH resource unit 915. As shown, each valid PUSCH resource unit 910 and 915 may include a DMRS and a PUSCH communication.
[0131] Figure 10 is a diagram illustrating an example 1000 of channel structures 1005 and 1010 for a second message 660 of a two-step RACH procedure in accordance with the present disclosure. The channel structure 1005 may be for two-step contention-free random access, in which a dedicated MsgA PRACH / PUSCH resource unit is provided for a single UE. As shown, the channel structure 1005 may include a PDCCH communication with a DCI of format 1_0 (with a CRC masked by a C-RNTI) and a PDSCH communication including an absolute timing advance (TA) MAC-CE and optionally a signaling radio bearer (SRB) RRC message. As shown, the channel structure 1010 may include a PDCCH communication with a DCI of format 1_0 (with a CRC masked by a MsgB-RNTI) and a PDSCH communication including one or more of a backoff indicator, a fallback RAR (for idle, inactive, and connected UEs) , a success RAR (for idle or inactive UEs) , and / or optionally an SRB RRC message.
[0132] Figure 11 is a flowchart illustrating an example process 1100 performed, for example, at a UE or an apparatus of a UE that supports two-step RACH for spectrum sharing in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 1100 is an example where the apparatus or the UE (for example, UE 120) performs operations associated with two-step random access for spectrum sharing.
[0133] As shown in Figure 11, in some aspects, process 1100 may include transmitting a first message of a two-step RACH procedure on a set of resources associated with a first operator and a second operator, wherein the UE is associated with the first operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid PRACH resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit (block 1110) . For example, the UE (such as by using communication manager 140 or transmission component 1304, depicted in Figure 13) may transmit a first message of a two-step RACH procedure on a set of resources associated with a first operator and a second operator, wherein the UE is associated with the first operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid PRACH resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit, as described above.
[0134] As further shown in Figure 11, in some aspects, process 1100 may include receiving a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator (block 1120) . For example, the UE (such as by using communication manager 140 or reception component 1302, depicted in Figure 13) may receive a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator, as described above.
[0135] As further shown in Figure 11, in some aspects, process 1100 may include communicating in accordance with the second message (block 1130) . For example, the UE (such as by using communication manager 140, reception component 1302, or transmission component 1304, depicted in Figure 13) may communicate in accordance with the second message, as described above.
[0136] Process 1100 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.
[0137] In a first additional aspect, the set of resources is in a frequency region associated with the second operator.
[0138] In a second additional aspect, the first message includes a preamble on the valid PRACH resource unit and a physical uplink shared channel on the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit.
[0139] In a third additional aspect, the valid PRACH resource unit is multiplexed with the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit in at least one of time or frequency.
[0140] In a fourth additional aspect, the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit is one of a plurality of valid physical uplink shared channel resource units mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit.
[0141] In a fifth additional aspect, the valid PRACH resource unit is one of a plurality of valid PRACH resource units mapped to the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit.
[0142] In a sixth additional aspect, the first message is associated with information indicating the first operator.
[0143] In a seventh additional aspect, the information indicating the first operator is multiplexed and jointly encoded with content of the first message.
[0144] In an eighth additional aspect, the content of the first message includes at least one of a user equipment identifier, a priority indication, a radio resource control cause, a measurement report, or information.
[0145] In a ninth additional aspect, the information indicating the first operator is associated with at least one of a demodulation reference signal resource, a physical uplink shared channel transmission configuration, a modulation or coding parameter, or a combination thereof.
[0146] In a tenth additional aspect, receiving the second message comprises receiving the second message in a random access search space, wherein the random access search space is configured in a frequency region associated with the second operator.
[0147] In an eleventh additional aspect, receiving the second message comprises receiving the second message in a random access search space, wherein the random access search space is configured in a frequency region associated with the first operator.
[0148] In a twelfth additional aspect, the indication of the first operator is associated with a configuration indicating at least one of a random access search space of the second message, a radio network temporary identifier offset, a demodulation reference signal resource, a PRACH message transmission configuration, a modulation or coding parameter, or a combination thereof.
[0149] In a thirteenth additional aspect, a preamble of the first message includes a guard time.
[0150] In a fourteenth additional aspect, the guard time is associated with at least one of a format of the first message, or a number of repetitions of the first message.
[0151] In a fifteenth additional aspect, the first message includes a transmission gap between a preamble of the first message and the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit.
[0152] In a sixteenth additional aspect, the transmission gap is associated with at least one of a frequency range of the first message, a numerology of the first message, or a transmission scheme of the first message.
[0153] In a seventeenth additional aspect, a payload of the first message includes a guard period.
[0154] In an eighteenth additional aspect, the guard period is associated with at least one of a transport block size, a modulation and coding scheme, or an uplink resource allocation for a payload of the first message.
[0155] In a nineteenth additional aspect, the second message includes a physical downlink control channel message that schedules a physical downlink shared channel message, and the physical downlink shared channel message includes at least one of an absolute timing advance indication, or a signaling radio bearer radio resource control message.
[0156] In a twentieth additional aspect, the second message includes a physical downlink control channel message that schedules a physical downlink shared channel message, and the physical downlink shared channel message includes at least one of a backoff indicator, a fallback random access response, a success random access response, or a signaling radio bearer radio resource control message.
[0157] Although Figure 11 shows example blocks of process 1100, in some aspects, process 1100 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Figure 11. Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 1100 may be performed in parallel.
[0158] Figure 12 is a flowchart illustrating an example process 1200 performed, for example, at a network node or an apparatus of a network node that supports two-step RACH for spectrum sharing in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 1200 is an example where the apparatus or the network node (for example, network node 110) performs operations associated with two-step RACH for spectrum sharing.
[0159] As shown in Figure 12, in some aspects, process 1200 may include receiving a first message of a two-step RACH procedure, wherein the first message is associated with a set of resources associated with the first operator and a second operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid PRACH resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit (block 1210) . For example, the network node (such as by using communication manager 150 or reception component 1402, depicted in Figure 14) may receive a first message of a two-step RACH procedure, wherein the first message is associated with a set of resources associated with the first operator and a second operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid PRACH resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit, as described above.
[0160] As further shown in Figure 12, in some aspects, process 1200 may include outputting a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator (block 1220) . For example, the network node (such as by using communication manager 150 or transmission component 1404, depicted in Figure 14) may output a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator, as described above.
[0161] As further shown in Figure 12, in some aspects, process 1200 may include communicating in accordance with the second message (block 1230) . For example, the network node (such as by using communication manager 150, reception component 1402, or transmission component 1404, depicted in Figure 14) may communicate in accordance with the second message, as described above.
[0162] Process 1200 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.
[0163] In a first additional aspect, the set of resources is in a frequency region associated with the second operator.
[0164] In a second additional aspect, the first message includes a preamble on the valid PRACH resource unit and a physical uplink shared channel on the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit.
[0165] In a third additional aspect, the valid PRACH resource unit is multiplexed with the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit in at least one of time or frequency.
[0166] In a fourth additional aspect, the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit is one of a plurality of valid physical uplink shared channel resource units mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit.
[0167] In a fifth additional aspect, the valid PRACH resource unit is one of a plurality of valid PRACH resource units mapped to the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit.
[0168] In a sixth additional aspect, the first message is associated with information indicating the first operator.
[0169] In a seventh additional aspect, the information indicating the first operator is multiplexed and jointly encoded with content of the first message.
[0170] In an eighth additional aspect, the information indicating the first operator is associated with at least one of a demodulation reference signal resource, a physical uplink shared channel transmission configuration, a modulation or coding parameter, or a combination thereof.
[0171] In a ninth additional aspect, outputting the second message comprises outputting the second message in a random access search space, wherein the random access search space is configured in a frequency region associated with the second operator.
[0172] In a tenth additional aspect, outputting the second message comprises outputting the second message in a random access search space, wherein the random access search space is configured in a frequency region associated with the first operator.
[0173] In an eleventh additional aspect, the indication of the first operator is associated with a configuration indicating at least one of a random access search space of the second message, a radio network temporary identifier offset, a demodulation reference signal resource, a PRACH message transmission configuration, a modulation or coding parameter, or a combination thereof.
[0174] In a twelfth additional aspect, receiving the first message comprises receiving the first message via a radio unit associated with the second operator.
[0175] In a thirteenth additional aspect, receiving the first message comprises receiving the first message via a radio unit associated with the first operator.
[0176] In a fourteenth additional aspect, receiving the first message comprises receiving the first message via a radio unit shared by the second operator and the first operator.
[0177] In a fifteenth additional aspect, a preamble of the first message includes a guard time.
[0178] In a sixteenth additional aspect, the guard time is associated with at least one of a format of the first message, or a number of repetitions of the first message.
[0179] In a seventeenth additional aspect, the first message includes a transmission gap between a preamble of the first message and the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit.
[0180] In an eighteenth additional aspect, the transmission gap is associated with at least one of a frequency range of the first message, a numerology of the first message, or a transmission scheme of the first message.
[0181] In a nineteenth additional aspect, a payload of the first message includes a guard period.
[0182] In a twentieth additional aspect, the guard period is associated with at least one of a transport block size, a modulation and coding scheme, or an uplink resource allocation for a payload of the first message.
[0183] In a twenty-first additional aspect, the second message includes a physical downlink control channel message that schedules a physical downlink shared channel message, and the physical downlink shared channel message includes at least one of an absolute timing advance indication, or a signaling radio bearer radio resource control message.
[0184] In a twenty-second additional aspect, the second message includes a physical downlink control channel message that schedules a physical downlink shared channel message, and the physical downlink shared channel message includes at least one of a backoff indicator, a fallback random access response, a success random access response, or a signaling radio bearer radio resource control message.
[0185] Although Figure 12 shows example blocks of process 1200, in some aspects, process 1200 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Figure 12. Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 1200 may be performed in parallel.
[0186] Figure 13 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1300 for wireless communication that supports RA for spectrum sharing in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 1300 may be a UE, or a UE may include the apparatus 1300. In some aspects, the apparatus 1300 includes a reception component 1302, a transmission component 1304, and a communication manager 140, which may be in communication with one another (for example, via one or more buses) . As shown, the apparatus 1300 may communicate with another apparatus 1306 (such as a UE, a network node, or another wireless communication device) using the reception component 1302 and the transmission component 1304.
[0187] In some aspects, the apparatus 1300 may be configured to and / or operable to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with Figures 4-10. Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 1300 may be configured to and / or operable to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process 1100 of Figure 11. In some aspects, the apparatus 1300 may include one or more components of the UE described above in connection with Figure 2.
[0188] The reception component 1302 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, and / or data communications, from the apparatus 1306. The reception component 1302 may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 1300, such as the communication manager 140. In some aspects, the reception component 1302 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples) , and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components. In some aspects, the reception component 1302 may include one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more demodulators, one or more MIMO detectors, one or more receive processors, one or more controllers / processors, and / or one or more memories of the UE described above in connection with Figure 2.
[0189] The transmission component 1304 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, and / or data communications, to the apparatus 1306. In some aspects, the communication manager 140 may generate communications and may transmit the generated communications to the transmission component 1304 for transmission to the apparatus 1306. In some aspects, the transmission component 1304 may perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples) , and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 1306. In some aspects, the transmission component 1304 may include one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more modulators, one or more transmit MIMO processors, one or more transmit processors, one or more controllers / processors, and / or one or more memories of the UE described above in connection with Figure 2. In some aspects, the transmission component 1304 may be co-located with the reception component 1302 in one or more transceivers.
[0190] The communication manager 140 may transmit or may cause the transmission component 1304 to transmit a first message of a two-step RACH procedure on a set of resources associated with a first operator and a second operator, wherein the UE is associated with the first operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid PRACH resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit. The communication manager 140 may receive or may cause the reception component 1302 to receive a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator. The communication manager 140 may communicate in accordance with the second message. In some aspects, the communication manager 140 may perform one or more operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by one or more components of the communication manager 140.
[0191] The communication manager 140 may include one or more controllers / processors and / or one or more memories, of the UE described above in connection with Figure 2. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 140 may be implemented at least in part as software stored in one or more memories. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by one or more controllers or one or more processors to perform the functions or operations of the component.
[0192] The transmission component 1304 may transmit a first message of a two-step RACH procedure on a set of resources associated with a first operator and a second operator, wherein the UE is associated with the first operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid PRACH resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit. The reception component 1302 may receive a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator. The transmission component 1304 may communicate in accordance with the second message.
[0193] The number and arrangement of components shown in Figure 13 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in Figure 13. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Figure 13 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Figure 13 may be implemented as multiple, distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, a set of (one or more) components shown in Figure 13 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Figure 13.
[0194] Figure 14 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1400 for wireless communication that supports two-step RACH for spectrum sharing in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 1400 may be a network node, or a network node may include the apparatus 1400. In some aspects, the apparatus 1400 includes a reception component 1402, a transmission component 1404, and a communication manager 150, which may be in communication with one another (for example, via one or more buses) . As shown, the apparatus 1400 may communicate with another apparatus 1406 (such as a UE, a network node, or another wireless communication device) using the reception component 1402 and the transmission component 1404.
[0195] In some aspects, the apparatus 1400 may be configured to and / or operable to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with Figures 4-10. Additionally or alternatively, the apparatus 1400 may be configured to and / or operable to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process 1200 of Figure 12. In some aspects, the apparatus 1400 may include one or more components of the network node described above in connection with Figure 2.
[0196] The reception component 1402 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, and / or data communications, from the apparatus 1406. The reception component 1402 may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 1400, such as the communication manager 150. In some aspects, the reception component 1402 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples) , and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components. In some aspects, the reception component 1402 may include one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more demodulators, one or more MIMO detectors, one or more receive processors, one or more controllers / processors, and / or one or more memories of the network node described above in connection with Figure 2.
[0197] The transmission component 1404 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, and / or data communications, to the apparatus 1406. In some aspects, the communication manager 150 may generate communications and may transmit the generated communications to the transmission component 1404 for transmission to the apparatus 1406. In some aspects, the transmission component 1404 may perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples) , and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 1406. In some aspects, the transmission component 1404 may include one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more modulators, one or more transmit MIMO processors, one or more transmit processors, one or more controllers / processors, and / or one or more memories of the network node described above in connection with Figure 2. In some aspects, the transmission component 1404 may be co-located with the reception component 1402 in one or more transceivers.
[0198] The communication manager 150 may receive or may cause the reception component 1402 to receive a first message of a two-step RACH procedure, wherein the first message is associated with a set of resources associated with the first operator and a second operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid PRACH resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit. The communication manager 150 may output a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator. The communication manager 150 may communicate in accordance with the second message. In some aspects, the communication manager 150 may perform one or more operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by one or more components of the communication manager 150.
[0199] The communication manager 150 may include one or more controllers / processors, one or more memories, one or more schedulers, and / or one or more communication units of the network node described above in connection with Figure 2. In some aspects, the communication manager 150 includes a set of components, such as a configuration component 1408. Alternatively, the set of components may be separate and distinct from the communication manager 150. In some aspects, one or more components of the set of components may include or may be implemented within one or more controllers / processors, one or more memories, one or more schedulers, and / or one or more communication units of the network node described above in connection with Figure 2. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in one or more memories. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by one or more controllers or one or more processors to perform the functions or operations of the component.
[0200] The reception component 1402 may receive a first message of a two-step RACH procedure, wherein the first message is associated with a set of resources associated with the first operator and a second operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid PRACH resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit. The transmission component 1404 may output a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator. The transmission component 1404 may communicate in accordance with the second message. The configuration component 1408 may output an SSB and / or physical random access configuration.
[0201] The number and arrangement of components shown in Figure 14 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in Figure 14. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Figure 14 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Figure 14 may be implemented as multiple, distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, a set of (one or more) components shown in Figure 14 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Figure 14.
[0202] The following provides an overview of some Aspects of the present disclosure:
[0203] Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE) , comprising: transmitting a first message of a two-step random access channel (RACH) procedure on a set of resources associated with a first operator and a second operator, wherein the UE is associated with the first operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid physical RACH (PRACH) resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit; receiving a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator; and communicating in accordance with the second message.
[0204] Aspect 2: The method of Aspect 1, wherein the set of resources is in a frequency region associated with the second operator.
[0205] Aspect 3: The method of any of Aspects 1-2, wherein the first message includes a preamble on the valid PRACH resource unit and a physical uplink shared channel on the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit.
[0206] Aspect 4: The method of any of Aspects 1-3, wherein the valid PRACH resource unit is multiplexed with the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit in at least one of time or frequency.
[0207] Aspect 5: The method of any of Aspects 1-4, wherein the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit is one of a plurality of valid physical uplink shared channel resource units mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit.
[0208] Aspect 6: The method of any of Aspects 1-5, wherein the valid PRACH resource unit is one of a plurality of valid PRACH resource units mapped to the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit.
[0209] Aspect 7: The method of any of Aspects 1-6, wherein the first message is associated with information indicating the first operator.
[0210] Aspect 8: The method of Aspect 7, wherein the information indicating the first operator is multiplexed and jointly encoded with content of the first message.
[0211] Aspect 9: The method of Aspect 8, wherein the content of the first message includes at least one of: a user equipment identifier, a priority indication, a radio resource control cause, a measurement report, or assistance information.
[0212] Aspect 10: The method of Aspect 7, wherein the information indicating the first operator is associated with at least one of: a demodulation reference signal resource, a physical uplink shared channel transmission configuration, a modulation or coding parameter, or a combination thereof.
[0213] Aspect 11: The method of any of Aspects 1-10, wherein receiving the second message comprises receiving the second message in a random access search space, wherein the random access search space is configured in a frequency region associated with the second operator.
[0214] Aspect 12: The method of any of Aspects 1-11, wherein receiving the second message comprises receiving the second message in a random access search space, wherein the random access search space is configured in a frequency region associated with the first operator.
[0215] Aspect 13: The method of any of Aspects 1-12, wherein the indication of the first operator is associated with a configuration indicating at least one of: a random access search space of the second message, a radio network temporary identifier offset, a demodulation reference signal resource, a PRACH message transmission configuration, a modulation or coding parameter, or a combination thereof.
[0216] Aspect 14: The method of Aspect 13, comprising receiving information that indicates the configuration for the indication of the first operator.
[0217] Aspect 15: The method of any of Aspects 1-14, wherein a preamble of the first message includes a guard time.
[0218] Aspect 16: The method of Aspect 15, wherein the guard time is associated with at least one of: a format of the first message, or a number of repetitions of the first message.
[0219] Aspect 17: The method of any of Aspects 1-16, wherein the first message includes a transmission gap between a preamble of the first message and the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit.
[0220] Aspect 18: The method of Aspect 17, wherein the transmission gap is associated with at least one of: a frequency range of the first message, a numerology of the first message, or a transmission scheme of the first message.
[0221] Aspect 19: The method of any of Aspects 1-18, wherein a payload of the first message includes a guard period.
[0222] Aspect 20: The method of Aspect 19, wherein the guard period is associated with at least one of: a transport block size, a modulation and coding scheme, or an uplink resource allocation for a payload of the first message.
[0223] Aspect 21: The method of any of Aspects 1-20, wherein the second message includes a physical downlink control channel message that schedules a physical downlink shared channel message, and wherein the physical downlink shared channel message includes at least one of: an absolute timing advance indication, or a signaling radio bearer radio resource control message.
[0224] Aspect 22: The method of any of Aspects 1-21, wherein the second message includes a physical downlink control channel message that schedules a physical downlink shared channel message, and wherein the physical downlink shared channel message includes at least one of: a backoff indicator, a fallback random access response, a success random access response, or a signaling radio bearer radio resource control message.
[0225] Aspect 23: A method of wireless communication performed by a network node associated with a first operator, comprising: receiving a first message of a two-step random access channel (RACH) procedure, wherein the first message is associated with a set of resources associated with the first operator and a second operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid physical RACH (PRACH) resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit; outputting a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator; and communicating in accordance with the second message.
[0226] Aspect 24: The method of Aspect 23, wherein the set of resources is in a frequency region associated with the second operator.
[0227] Aspect 25: The method of any of Aspects 23-24, wherein the first message includes a preamble on the valid PRACH resource unit and a physical uplink shared channel on the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit.
[0228] Aspect 26: The method of any of Aspects 23-25, wherein the valid PRACH resource unit is multiplexed with the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit in at least one of time or frequency.
[0229] Aspect 27: The method of any of Aspects 23-26, wherein the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit is one of a plurality of valid physical uplink shared channel resource units mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit.
[0230] Aspect 28: The method of any of Aspects 23-27, wherein the valid PRACH resource unit is one of a plurality of valid PRACH resource units mapped to the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit.
[0231] Aspect 29: The method of any of Aspects 23-28, wherein the first message is associated with information indicating the first operator.
[0232] Aspect 30: The method of Aspect 29, wherein the information indicating the first operator is multiplexed and jointly encoded with content of the first message.
[0233] Aspect 31: The method of Aspect 29, wherein the information indicating the first operator is associated with at least one of: a demodulation reference signal resource, a physical uplink shared channel transmission configuration, a modulation or coding parameter, or a combination thereof.
[0234] Aspect 32: The method of Aspect 29, comprising identifying, prior to decoding the first message and using the information indicating the first operator, that the first message is associated with the first operator.
[0235] Aspect 33: The method of any of Aspects 23-32, wherein outputting the second message comprises outputting the second message in a random access search space, wherein the random access search space is configured in a frequency region associated with the second operator.
[0236] Aspect 34: The method of any of Aspects 23-33, wherein outputting the second message comprises outputting the second message in a random access search space, wherein the random access search space is configured in a frequency region associated with the first operator.
[0237] Aspect 35: The method of any of Aspects 23-34, wherein the indication of the first operator is associated with a configuration indicating at least one of: a random access search space of the second message, a radio network temporary identifier offset, a demodulation reference signal resource, a PRACH message transmission configuration, a modulation or coding parameter, or a combination thereof.
[0238] Aspect 36: The method of Aspect 35, comprising outputting information that indicates the configuration for the indication of the first operator.
[0239] Aspect 37: The method of any of Aspects 23-36, wherein receiving the first message comprises receiving the first message via a radio unit associated with the second operator.
[0240] Aspect 38: The method of any of Aspects 23-37, wherein receiving the first message comprises receiving the first message via a radio unit associated with the first operator.
[0241] Aspect 39: The method of any of Aspects 23-38, wherein receiving the first message comprises receiving the first message via a radio unit shared by the second operator and the first operator.
[0242] Aspect 40: The method of any of Aspects 23-39, wherein a preamble of the first message includes a guard time.
[0243] Aspect 41: The method of Aspect 40, wherein the guard time is associated with at least one of: a format of the first message, or a number of repetitions of the first message.
[0244] Aspect 42: The method of any of Aspects 23-41, wherein the first message includes a transmission gap between a preamble of the first message and the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit.
[0245] Aspect 43: The method of Aspect 42, wherein the transmission gap is associated with at least one of: a frequency range of the first message, a numerology of the first message, or a transmission scheme of the first message.
[0246] Aspect 44: The method of any of Aspects 23-43, wherein a payload of the first message includes a guard period.
[0247] Aspect 45: The method of Aspect 44, wherein the guard period is associated with at least one of: a transport block size, a modulation and coding scheme, or an uplink resource allocation for a payload of the first message.
[0248] Aspect 46: The method of any of Aspects 23-45, wherein the second message includes a physical downlink control channel message that schedules a physical downlink shared channel message, and wherein the physical downlink shared channel message includes at least one of: an absolute timing advance indication, or a signaling radio bearer radio resource control message.
[0249] Aspect 47: The method of any of Aspects 23-46, wherein the second message includes a physical downlink control channel message that schedules a physical downlink shared channel message, and wherein the physical downlink shared channel message includes at least one of: a backoff indicator, a fallback random access response, a success random access response, or a signaling radio bearer radio resource control message.
[0250] Aspect 48: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more processors; one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors; and instructions stored in the one or more memories and executable by the one or more processors to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-47.
[0251] Aspect 49: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-47.
[0252] Aspect 50: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more of Aspects 1-47.
[0253] Aspect 51: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-47.
[0254] Aspect 52: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-47.
[0255] Aspect 53: A device for wireless communication, the device comprising a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors, the processing system configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-47.
[0256] Aspect 54: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors individually or collectively configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-47.
[0257] The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the aspects.
[0258] As used herein, the term “component” is intended to be broadly construed as hardware or a combination of hardware and at least one of software or firmware. “Software” shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, or functions, among other examples, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise. As used herein, a “processor” is implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent that systems or methods described herein may be implemented in different forms of hardware or a combination of hardware and software. The actual specialized control hardware or software code used to implement these systems or methods is not limiting of the aspects. Thus, the operation and behavior of the systems or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code, because those skilled in the art will understand that software and hardware can be designed to implement the systems or methods based, at least in part, on the description herein. A component being configured to perform a function means that the component has a capability to perform the function, and does not require the function to be actually performed by the component, unless noted otherwise.
[0259] As used herein, “satisfying a threshold” may, depending on the context, refer to a value being greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, or not equal to the threshold, among other examples.
[0260] As used herein, a phrase referring to “at least one of” a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members. As an example, “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a + b, a + c, b + c, and a + b + c, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (for example, a + a, a + a + a, a + a + b, a + a + c, a + b + b, a + c + c, b + b, b + b + b, b + b + c, c + c, and c + c + c, or any other ordering of a, b, and c) .
[0261] No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed as critical or essential unless explicitly described as such. Also, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more. ” Further, as used herein, the article “the” is intended to include one or more items referenced in connection with the article “the” and may be used interchangeably with “the one or more. ” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “set” and “group” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more. ” Where only one item is intended, the phrase “only one” or similar language is used. Also, as used herein, the terms “has, ” “have, ” “having, ” and similar terms are intended to be open-ended terms that do not limit an element that they modify (for example, an element “having” A may also have B) . Further, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “based on or otherwise in association with” unless explicitly stated otherwise. Also, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be inclusive when used in a series and may be used interchangeably with “and / or, ” unless explicitly stated otherwise (for example, if used in combination with “either” or “only one of” ) . It should be understood that “one or more” is equivalent to “at least one. ”
[0262] Even though particular combinations of features are recited in the claims or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. Many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims or disclosed in the specification. The disclosure of various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with every other claim in the claim set.
Claims
1.A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, comprising:a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors, the processing system configured to cause the UE to:transmit a first message of a two-step random access channel (RACH) procedure on a set of resources associated with a first operator and a second operator, wherein the UE is associated with the first operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid physical RACH (PRACH) resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit;receive a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator; andcommunicate in accordance with the second message.2.The UE of claim 1, wherein the set of resources is in a frequency region associated with the second operator.3.The UE of claim 1, wherein the first message includes a preamble on the valid PRACH resource unit and a physical uplink shared channel on the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit.4.The UE of claim 1, wherein the valid PRACH resource unit is multiplexed with the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit in at least one of time or frequency.5.The UE of claim 1, wherein the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit is one of a plurality of valid physical uplink shared channel resource units mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit.6.The UE of claim 1, wherein the valid PRACH resource unit is one of a plurality of valid PRACH resource units mapped to the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit.7.The UE of claim 1, wherein the first message is associated with information indicating the first operator.8.The UE of claim 7, wherein the information indicating the first operator is multiplexed and jointly encoded with content of the first message.9.The UE of claim 1, wherein, to cause the UE to receive the second message, the processing system is configured to cause the UE to receive the second message comprises receiving the second message in a random access search space, wherein the random access search space is configured in a frequency region associated with the second operator.10.The UE of claim 1, wherein, to cause the UE to receive the second message, the processing system is configured to cause the UE to receive the second message in a random access search space, wherein the random access search space is configured in a frequency region associated with the first operator.11.The UE of claim 1, wherein the indication of the first operator is associated with a configuration indicating at least one of:a random access search space of the second message,a radio network temporary identifier offset,a demodulation reference signal resource,a PRACH message transmission configuration,a modulation or coding parameter, ora combination thereof.12.The UE of claim 1, wherein a preamble of the first message includes a guard time.13.The UE of claim 1, wherein the first message includes a transmission gap between a preamble of the first message and the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit.14.The UE of claim 1, wherein a payload of the first message includes a guard period.15.The UE of claim 1, wherein the second message includes a physical downlink control channel message that schedules a physical downlink shared channel message, and wherein the physical downlink shared channel message includes at least one of:an absolute timing advance indication, ora signaling radio bearer radio resource control message.16.The UE of claim 1, wherein the second message includes a physical downlink control channel message that schedules a physical downlink shared channel message, and wherein the physical downlink shared channel message includes at least one of:a backoff indicator,a fallback random access response,a success random access response, ora signaling radio bearer radio resource control message.17.A network node for wireless communication associated with a first operator, comprising:a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors, the processing system configured to cause the network node to:receive a first message of a two-step random access channel (RACH) procedure, wherein the first message is associated with a set of resources associated with the first operator and a second operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid physical RACH (PRACH) resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit;output a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator; andcommunicate in accordance with the second message.18.The network node of claim 17, wherein the set of resources is in a frequency region associated with the second operator.19.The network node of claim 17, wherein the first message includes a preamble on the valid PRACH resource unit and a physical uplink shared channel on the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit.20.The network node of claim 17, wherein the valid PRACH resource unit is multiplexed with the valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit in at least one of time or frequency.21.The network node of claim 17, wherein the first message is associated with information indicating the first operator.22.The network node of claim 21, wherein the processing system is configured to cause the network node to identify, prior to decoding the first message and using the information indicating the first operator, that the first message is associated with the first operator.23.The network node of claim 17, wherein, to cause the network node to output the second message, the processing system is configured to cause the network node to output the second message in a random access search space, wherein the random access search space is configured in a frequency region associated with the second operator.24.The network node of claim 17, wherein, to cause the network node to output the second message, the processing system is configured to cause the network node to output the second message in a random access search space, wherein the random access search space is configured in a frequency region associated with the first operator.25.The network node of claim 17, wherein the indication of the first operator is associated with a configuration indicating at least one of:a random access search space of the second message,a radio network temporary identifier offset,a demodulation reference signal resource,a PRACH message transmission configuration,a modulation or coding parameter, ora combination thereof.26.The network node of claim 17, wherein, to cause the network node to receive the first message, the processing system is configured to cause the network node to receive the first message via a radio unit associated with the second operator.27.The network node of claim 17, wherein, to cause the network node to receive the first message, the processing system is configured to cause the network node to receive the first message via a radio unit associated with the first operator.28.The network node of claim 17, wherein, to cause the network node to receive the first message, the processing system is configured to cause the network node to receive the first message via a radio unit shared by the second operator and the first operator.29.A method of wireless communication at a user equipment (UE) , comprising:transmitting a first message of a two-step random access channel (RACH) procedure on a set of resources associated with a first operator and a second operator, wherein the UE is associated with the first operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid physical RACH (PRACH) resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit;receiving a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator; andcommunicating in accordance with the second message.30.A method of wireless communication at a network node associated with a first operator, comprising:receiving a first message of a two-step random access channel (RACH) procedure, wherein the first message is associated with a set of resources associated with the first operator and a second operator, wherein the set of resources includes a valid physical RACH (PRACH) resource unit and a valid physical uplink shared channel resource unit mapped to the valid PRACH resource unit;outputting a second message of the two-step RACH procedure, wherein the second message is associated with an indication of the first operator; andcommunicating in accordance with the second message.
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