Cell-specific tracking reference signals for active user equipment

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. Generally, the described techniques may enable cell-specific and group common semi-persistent tracking reference signals (TRS) and methods to activate and deactivate the TRS via a group-common downlink control information (DCI) trigger. That is, an active mode user equipment (UE) may receive multiple candidate TRS resource sets specific to a cell (e.g., and / or specific to a group of UEs served by the cell) via configuration signaling. Each candidate TRS resource set may include a periodicity, time offset, and a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state that links the candidate TRS resource set to a respective beam. The DCI trigger may activate one of the cell-specific or group common candidate TRS resource sets for the UE to use to monitor for semi-persistent TRS transmission. The grouping of UEs may be based on the UEs sharing the same beam.

Description

CELL-SPECIFIC TRACKING REFERENCE SIGNALS FOR ACTIVE USER EQUIPMENTCROSS REFERENCE

[0001] The present Application for Patent claims priority to Greek Patent Application No. 20240100544 by LIU et al., entitled “CELL- SPECIFIC TRACKING REFERENCE SIGNALS FOR ACTIVE USER EQUIPMENT,” filed August 1, 2024, assigned to the assignee hereof, and expressly incorporated by reference in its entirety herein.TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The following relates to wireless communications, including cell-specific tracking reference signals for active user equipment.BACKGROUND

[0003] Wireless communications systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple-access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE- Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ technologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple-access communications system may include one or more base stations, each supporting wireless communication for communication devices, which may be known as user equipment (UE). Components within a wireless communication system may be coupled (for example, operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, and / or electrically) to each other.

[0004] In some wireless communications systems, UEs may receive tracking reference signals (TRS) to support synchronized communications between the UEs and a network entity.SUMMARY

[0005] The systems, methods, and devices of this disclosure each have several innovative aspects, no single one of which is solely responsible for the desirable attributes disclosed herein.

[0006] A method for wireless communications for a first user equipment (UE) by an apparatus is described. The method may include receiving configuration information that indicates one or more candidate tracking reference signal (TRS) resource sets for use by the first UE in an active state, where the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE, receiving a first downlink control information (DCI) trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, and monitoring for a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based on reception of the first DCI trigger.

[0007] An apparatus for wireless communications for a first UE is described. The apparatus may include one or more memories storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled with (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, or electrically) the one or more memories. The one or more processors may individually or collectively be operable to execute the code (e.g., directly, indirectly, after pre-processing, without pre-processing) to cause the apparatus to receive configuration information that indicates one or more candidate TRS resource sets for use by the first UE in an active state, where the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE, receive a first DCI trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, and monitor for a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based on reception of the first DCI trigger.

[0008] Another apparatus for wireless communications for a first UE is described. The apparatus may include means for receiving configuration information that indicates one or more candidate TRS resource sets for use by the first UE in an active state, where the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated withthe first UE, means for receiving a first DCI trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, and means for monitoring for a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based on reception of the first DCI trigger.

[0009] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications for a first UE is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors (e.g., directly, indirectly, after pre-processing, without pre-processing) to receive configuration information that indicates one or more candidate TRS resource sets for use by the first UE in an active state, where the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE, receive a first DCI trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, and monitor for a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based on reception of the first DCI trigger.

[0010] Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving one or more semi-persistent TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based on monitoring for the TRS, where a periodicity of the one or more semi-persistent TRS may be based on a timing offset indicated in the first DCI trigger.

[0011] Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a second DCI trigger that indicates a second candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, where the first candidate TRS resource set may be associated with a first beam and the second candidate TRS resource set may be associated with a second beam and monitoring for a second TRS via the second candidate TRS resource set based on reception of the second DCI trigger.

[0012] In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, a respective DCI trigger indicates a respective candidate TRS resource set of the or more candidate TRS resource sets via a bitmap and a respective bit of the bitmap corresponds to a respective candidate TRS resource set.

[0013] Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, orinstructions for receiving a second DCI trigger that indicates a second candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, where the first candidate TRS resource set may be associated with a first periodicity parameter and the second candidate TRS resource set may be associated with a second periodicity parameter and monitoring for a second TRS via the second candidate TRS resource set based on reception of the second DCI trigger.

[0014] In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, the first UE and at least a second UE may be associated with a beam and the first candidate TRS resource set may be associated with the at least second UE based on the beam. In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the beam may be a synchronization signal block beam or a channel state information reference signal beam.

[0015] Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving data based on the first DCI trigger further indicating one or more subgroup indices, where one of the one or more subgroup indices correspond to the first UE and the at least second UE based on the first UE and the at least second UE being associated with the beam.

[0016] Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a second DCI trigger that indicates a termination of the TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set and terminating monitoring for the TRS based on reception of the second DCI trigger. In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the second DCI trigger indicates the termination via a bitmap and a respective bit of the bitmap corresponds to a respective candidate TRS resource set.

[0017] Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for terminating monitoring for the TRS based on an expiration of a timer associated with the first candidate TRS resource set. In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, theconfiguration information indicates a respective timer duration for each of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets or a timer duration for all of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets.

[0018] In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, the timer may be reset based on receiving the first DCI trigger or a second DCI trigger that indicates the first candidate TRS resource set.

[0019] In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, the one or more candidate TRS resource sets each include a periodicity parameter, a time offset parameter, a transmission configuration indication (TCI) state parameter, or any combination thereof. In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the TCI state parameter corresponds to a first beam associated with the first UE.

[0020] A method for wireless communications for a network entity by an apparatus is described. The method may include transmitting configuration information that indicates one or more candidate TRS resource sets for use by a first UE in an active state, where the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE, transmitting a first DCI trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, and transmitting a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based on transmission of the first DCI trigger.

[0021] An apparatus for wireless communications for a network entity is described. The apparatus may include one or more memories storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled with (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, or electrically) the one or more memories. The one or more processors may individually or collectively be operable to execute the code (e.g., directly, indirectly, after pre-processing, without pre-processing) to cause the apparatus to transmit configuration information that indicates one or more candidate TRS resource sets for use by a first UE in an active state, where the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE, transmit a first DCI trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidateTRS resource sets, and transmit a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based on transmission of the first DCI trigger.

[0022] Another apparatus for wireless communications for a network entity is described. The apparatus may include means for transmitting configuration information that indicates one or more candidate TRS resource sets for use by a first UE in an active state, where the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE, means for transmitting a first DCI trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, and means for transmitting a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based on transmission of the first DCI trigger.

[0023] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications for a network entity is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors (e.g., directly, indirectly, after pre-processing, without pre-processing) to transmit configuration information that indicates one or more candidate TRS resource sets for use by a first UE in an active state, where the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE, transmit a first DCI trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, and transmit a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based on transmission of the first DCI trigger.

[0024] In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, transmitting the TRS may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting one or more semi-persistent TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set, where a periodicity of the one or more semi-persistent TRS may be based on a timing offset indicated in the first DCI trigger.

[0025] Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a second DCI trigger that indicates a second candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, where the first candidate TRS resource set may be associated with a first beam and the second candidate TRS resource set may be associated with a second beam and transmitting a second TRS via the second candidate TRS resource set based on transmission of the second DCI trigger.

[0026] In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, a respective DCI trigger indicates a respective candidate TRS resource set of the or more candidate TRS resource sets via a bitmap and a respective bit of the bitmap corresponds to a respective candidate TRS resource set.

[0027] Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a second DCI trigger that indicates a second candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, where the first candidate TRS resource set may be associated with a first periodicity parameter and the second candidate TRS resource set may be associated with a second periodicity parameter and transmitting a second TRS via the second candidate TRS resource set based on transmission of the second DCI trigger.

[0028] In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, the first UE and at least a second UE may be associated with a beam and the first candidate TRS resource set may be associated with the at least second UE based on the beam. Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting data based on the first DCI trigger further indicating one or more subgroup indices, where one of the one or more subgroup indices correspond to the first UE and the at least second UE based on the first UE and the at least second UE being associated with the beam.

[0029] Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a second DCI trigger that indicates a termination of the TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set and terminating transmission of the TRS based on transmission of the second DCI trigger. In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the second DCI trigger indicates the termination via a bitmap and a respective bit of the bitmap corresponds to a respective candidate TRS resource set.

[0030] Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, orinstructions for terminating transmission of the TRS based on an expiration of a timer associated with the first candidate TRS resource set. In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the configuration information indicates a respective timer duration for each of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets or a timer duration for all of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets. In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non- transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the timer may be reset based on transmitting the first DCI trigger or a second DCI trigger that indicates the first candidate TRS resource set.

[0031] In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, the one or more candidate TRS resource sets each include a periodicity parameter, a time offset parameter, a TCI state parameter, or any combination thereof.

[0032] Details of one or more implementations of the subject matter described in this disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, aspects, and advantages will become apparent from the description, the drawings, and the claims. Note that the relative dimensions of the following figures may not be drawn to scale.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] FIGs. 1 and 2 show examples of wireless communications systems that support cell-specific tracking reference signals (TRS) for active user equipment (UEs) in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0034] FIG. 3 shows an example of a process flow that supports cell-specific TRS for active UEs in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0035] FIGs. 4 and 5 show block diagrams of devices that support cell-specific TRS for active UEs in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0036] FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports cell-specific TRS for active UEs in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0037] FIG. 7 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports cellspecific TRS for active UEs in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0038] FIGs. 8 and 9 show block diagrams of devices that support cell-specific TRS for active UEs in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0039] FIG. 10 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports cell-specific TRS for active UEs in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0040] FIG. 11 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports cellspecific TRS for active UEs in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.

[0041] FIGs. 12 through 14 show flowcharts illustrating methods that support cellspecific TRS for active UEs in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Tracking reference signals (TRS) may support time and frequency tracking of user equipment (UE), as well as delay spread estimation. In some wireless communications systems, a network entity may transmit UE-specific configuration signaling for the UE to monitor for, and receive, TRS. In such systems, to activate or deactivate the TRS at a respective UE, the network entity may transmit radio resource control (RRC) configuration signaling to each respective UE. In some examples, multiple UEs may be connected to the network entity based on sharing a same beam, such as a synchronization signal block (SSB) beam or a channel state information reference signal (CSLRS) beam. Transmitting configuration signaling for each connected UE (e.g., to activate or deactivate TRS) may unduly increase signaling overhead at the network entity. Accordingly, it may be beneficial for multiple UEs sharing the same beam to also share the same TRS resources and to implement more dynamic options for activating and deactivating TRS at a respective UE.

[0043] The techniques described herein enable cell-specific and group common semi-persistent TRS and more dynamic methods to activate and deactivate the TRS viaa group-common downlink control information (DCI) trigger. That is, an active mode UE may receive multiple candidate TRS resource sets specific to a cell (e.g., and / or specific to a group of UEs served by the cell) via configuration signaling. Each candidate TRS resource set may include a periodicity, time offset, and a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state that links the candidate TRS resource set to a respective beam. The DCI trigger may activate one of the cell-specific or group common candidate TRS resource sets for the UE to use to monitor for semi -persistent TRS transmission. The grouping of UEs may be based on the UEs sharing the same SSB or CSI-RS beam. In some examples, the DCI trigger may further indicate a termination of the TRS transmission for a respective candidate TRS resource set. Additionally, or alternatively, the termination of the TRS may be based on an expiration of a timer included in the respective candidate TRS resource set.

[0044] Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communications systems. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to a process flow, apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts that relate to cell-specific TRS for active UEs.

[0045] FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports cell-specific tracking reference signals for active user equipment in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more devices, such as one or more network devices (e.g., network entities 105), one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an LTE- Advanced (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating in accordance with other systems and radio technologies, including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0046] The network entities 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communications system 100 and may include devices in different forms or having different capabilities. In various examples, a network entity 105 may be referred to as a network element, a mobility element, a radio access network (RAN) node, or network equipment, among other nomenclature. In some examples, network entities 105 and UEs 115 may wirelessly communicate via communication link(s) 125(e.g., a radio frequency (RF) access link). For example, a network entity 105 may support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographic coverage area) over which the UEs 115 and the network entity 105 may establish the communication link(s) 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area over which a network entity 105 and a UE 115 may support the communication of signals according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs).

[0047] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout a coverage area 110 of the wireless communications system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary, or mobile, or both at different times. The UEs 115 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of supporting communications with various types of devices in the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., other wireless communication devices, including UEs 115 or network entities 105), as shown in FIG. 1.

[0048] As described herein, a node of the wireless communications system 100, which may be referred to as a network node, or a wireless node, may be a network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein), a UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein), a network controller, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a node may be a UE 115. As another example, a node may be a network entity 105. As another example, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second node or a third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a network entity 105. In yet other aspects of this example, the first, second, and third nodes may be different relative to these examples. Similarly, reference to a UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like may include disclosure of the UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like being a node. For example, disclosure that a UE 115 is configured to receive information from a network entity 105 also discloses that a first node is configured to receive information from a second node.

[0049] In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with a core network 130, or with one another, or both. For example, network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130 via backhaul communication link(s) 120 (e.g., in accordance with an SI, N2, N3, or other interface protocol). In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via backhaul communication link(s) 120 (e.g., in accordance with an X2, Xn, or other interface protocol) either directly (e.g., directly between network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130). In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., in accordance with a midhaul interface protocol) or a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., in accordance with a fronthaul interface protocol), or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication link(s) 120, midhaul communication links 162, or fronthaul communication links 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., an electrical link, an optical fiber link) or one or more wireless links (e.g., a radio link, a wireless optical link), among other examples or various combinations thereof. A UE 115 may communicate with the core network 130 via a communication link 155.

[0050] One or more of the network entities 105 or network equipment described herein may include or may be referred to as a base station 140 (e.g., a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an NR base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), a next-generation NodeB or giga-NodeB (either of which may be referred to as a gNB), a 5GNB, a next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or other suitable terminology). In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, standalone) base station architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within one network entity (e.g., a network entity 105 or a single RAN node, such as a base station 140).

[0051] In some examples, a network entity 105 may be implemented in a disaggregated architecture (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture), which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among multiple network entities (e.g., network entities 105), such as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance), or avirtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN)). For example, a network entity 105 may include one or more of a central unit (CU), such as a CU 160, a distributed unit (DU), such as a DU 165, a radio unit (RU), such as an RU 170, a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC), such as an RIC 175 (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC), a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC)), a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) system, such as an SMO system 180, or any combination thereof. An RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH), a remote radio unit (RRU), or a transmission reception point (TRP). One or more components of the network entities 105 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations). In some examples, one or more of the network entities 105 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU), a virtual DU (VDU), a virtual RU (VRU)).

[0052] The split of functionality between a CU 160, a DU 165, and an RU 170 is flexible and may support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, or any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU 160 and a DU 165 such that the CU 160 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU 165 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some examples, the CU 160 may host upper protocol layer (e.g., layer 3 (L3), layer 2 (L2)) functionality and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC), service data adaptation protocol (SDAP), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)). The CU 160 (e.g., one or more CUs) may be connected to a DU 165 (e.g., one or more DUs) or an RU 170 (e.g., one or more RUs), or some combination thereof, and the DUs 165, RUs 170, or both may host lower protocol layers, such as layer 1 (LI) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160. Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU 165 and an RU 170 such that the DU 165 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU 170 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU 165 may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one ormultiple different RUs, such as an RU 170). In some cases, a functional split between a CU 160 and a DU 165 or between a DU 165 and an RU 170 may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU 160, the DU 165, or the RU 170). A CU 160 may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU 160 may be connected to a DU 165 via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., Fl, Fl-c, Fl-u), and a DU 165 may be connected to an RU 170 via a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface). In some examples, a midhaul communication link 162 or a fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities (e.g., one or more of the network entities 105) that are in communication via such communication links.

[0053] In some wireless communications systems (e.g., the wireless communications system 100), infrastructure and spectral resources for radio access may support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to a core network 130). In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more of the network entities 105 (e.g., network entities 105 or IAB node(s) 104) may be partially controlled by each other. The IAB node(s) 104 may be referred to as a donor entity or an IAB donor. A DU 165 or an RU 170 may be partially controlled by a CU 160 associated with a network entity 105 or base station 140 (such as a donor network entity or a donor base station). The one or more donor entities (e.g., IAB donors) may be in communication with one or more additional devices (e.g., IAB node(s) 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication link(s) 120). IAB node(s) 104 may include an IAB mobile termination (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) of a coupled IAB donor. An IAB-MT may be equipped with an independent set of antennas for relay of communications with UEs 115 or may share the same antennas (e.g., of an RU 170) of IAB node(s) 104 used for access via the DU 165 of the IAB node(s) 104 (e.g., referred to as virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT)). In some examples, the IAB node(s) 104 may include one or more DUs (e.g., DUs 165) that support communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB node(s) 104, UEs 115) within the relay chain orconfiguration of the access network (e.g., downstream). In such cases, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., the IAB node(s) 104 or components of the IAB node(s) 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.

[0054] In the case of the techniques described herein applied in the context of a disaggregated RAN architecture, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture may be configured to support test as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by a UE 115 or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may additionally, or alternatively, be performed by one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., components such as an IAB node, a DU 165, a CU 160, an RU 170, an RIC 175, an SMO system 180).

[0055] A UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology, where the “device” may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. A UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a multimedia / entertainment device (e.g., a radio, a MP3 player, or a video device), a camera, a gaming device, a navigation / positioning device (e.g., GNSS (global navigation satellite system) devices based on, for example, GPS (global positioning system), Beidou, GLONASS, or Galileo, or a terrestrial -based device), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a netbook, a smartbook, a personal computer, a smart device, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, virtual reality goggles, a smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring, a smart bracelet)), a drone, a robot / robotic device, a vehicle, a vehicular device, a meter (e.g., parking meter, electric meter, gas meter, water meter), a monitor, a gas pump, an appliance (e.g., kitchen appliance, washing machine, dryer), a location tag, a medical / healthcare device, an implant, a sensor / actuator, a display, or any other suitable device configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium. In some examples, a UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (loT) device, an Internet of Everything (loE) device, or a machine type communications (MTC) device, among other examples, which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances, vehicles, or meters, among other examples. In anaspect, techniques disclosed herein may be applicable to MTC or loT UEs. MTC or loT UEs may include MTC / enhanced MTC (eMTC, also referred to as CAT-M, Cat Ml) UEs, NB-IoT (also referred to as CAT NB1) UEs, as well as other types of UEs. eMTC and NB-IoT may refer to future technologies that may evolve from or may be based on these technologies. For example, eMTC may include FeMTC (further eMTC), eFeMTC (enhanced further eMTC), and mMTC (massive MTC), and NB-IoT may include eNB- loT (enhanced NB-IoT), and FeNB-IoT (further enhanced NB-IoT).

[0056] The UEs 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as UEs 115 that may sometimes operate as relays, as well as the network entities 105 and the network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, among other examples, as shown in FIG. 1.

[0057] The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may wirelessly communicate with one another via the communication link(s) 125 (e.g., one or more access links) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term “carrier” may refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined PHY layer structure for supporting the communication link(s) 125. For example, a carrier used for the communication link(s) 125 may include a portion of an RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth part (BWP)) that is operated according to one or more PHY layer channels for a given RAT (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each PHY layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling that coordinates operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communications system 100 may support communication with a UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. A UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both frequency division duplexing (FDD) and time division duplexing (TDD) component carriers. Communication between a network entity 105 and other devices may refer to communication between the devices and any portion (e.g., entity, sub-entity) of a network entity 105. For example, the terms “transmitting,” “receiving,” or “communicating,” when referring to a network entity 105, may refer to any portion of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a CU 160, a DU 165, a RU 170) of a RANcommunicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities, such as one or more of the network entities 105).

[0058] In some examples, such as in a carrier aggregation configuration, a carrier may have acquisition signaling or control signaling that coordinates operations for other carriers. A carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an evolved universal mobile telecommunication system terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) absolute RF channel number (EARFCN)) and may be identified according to a channel raster for discovery by the UEs 115. A carrier may be operated in a standalone mode, in which case initial acquisition and connection may be conducted by the UEs 115 via the carrier, or the carrier may be operated in a non- standalone mode, in which case a connection is anchored using a different carrier (e.g., of the same or a different RAT).

[0059] The communication link(s) 125 of the wireless communications system 100 may include downlink transmissions (e.g., forward link transmissions) from a network entity 105 to a UE 115, uplink transmissions (e.g., return link transmissions) from a UE 115 to a network entity 105, or both, among other configurations of transmissions. Carriers may carry downlink or uplink communications (e.g., in an FDD mode) or may be configured to carry downlink and uplink communications (e.g., in a TDD mode).

[0060] A carrier may be associated with a particular bandwidth of the RF spectrum and, in some examples, the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as a “system bandwidth” of the carrier or the wireless communications system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth may be one of a set of bandwidths for carriers of a particular RAT (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, or 80 megahertz (MHz)). Devices of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., the network entities 105, the UEs 115, or both) may have hardware configurations that support communications using a particular carrier bandwidth or may be configurable to support communications using one of a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may include network entities 105 or UEs 115 that support concurrent communications using carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE 115 may be configured for operating using portions (e.g., a sub-band, a BWP) or all of a carrier bandwidth.

[0061] Signal waveforms transmitted via a carrier may be made up of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may refer to resources of one symbol period (e.g., a duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The quantity of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both), such that a relatively higher quantity of resource elements (e.g., in a transmission duration) and a relatively higher order of a modulation scheme may correspond to a relatively higher rate of communication. A wireless communications resource may refer to a combination of an RF spectrum resource, a time resource, and a spatial resource (e.g., a spatial layer, a beam), and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity for communications with a UE 115.

[0062] One or more numerologies for a carrier may be supported, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing (A ) and a cyclic prefix. A carrier may be divided into one or more BWPs having the same or different numerologies. In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured with multiple BWPs. In some examples, a single BWP for a carrier may be active at a given time and communications for the UE 115 may be restricted to one or more active BWPs.

[0063] The time intervals for the network entities 105 or the UEs 115 may be expressed in multiples of a basic time unit which may, for example, refer to a sampling period of Ts= l / (A / mflx■ Ay) seconds, for which fmaxmay represent a supported subcarrier spacing, and Ay may represent a supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size. Time intervals of a communications resource may be organized according to radio frames each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0064] Each frame may include multiple consecutively-numbered subframes or slots, and each subframe or slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may befurther divided into a quantity of slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable quantity of slots, and the quantity of slots may depend on subcarrier spacing. Each slot may include a quantity of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period). In some wireless communications systems, such as the wireless communications system 100, a slot may further be divided into multiple mini-slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., Ay) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or frequency band of operation.

[0065] A subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, or a symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communications system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., a quantity of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally, or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communications system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs)).

[0066] Physical channels may be multiplexed for communication using a carrier according to various techniques. A physical control channel and a physical data channel may be multiplexed for signaling via a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) for a physical control channel may be defined by a set of symbol periods and may extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of the UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 may monitor or search control regions for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or multiple control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to an amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size. Search space sets may include common search space sets configured for sending control informationto UEs 115 (e.g., one or more UEs) or may include UE-specific search space sets for sending control information to a UE 115 (e.g., a specific UE).

[0067] A network entity 105 may provide communication coverage via one or more cells, for example a macro cell, a small cell, a hot spot, or other types of cells, or any combination thereof. The term “cell” may refer to a logical communication entity used for communication with a network entity 105 (e.g., using a carrier) and may be associated with an identifier for distinguishing neighboring cells (e.g., a physical cell identifier (PCID), a virtual cell identifier (VCID)). In some examples, a cell also may refer to a coverage area 110 or a portion of a coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) over which the logical communication entity operates. Such cells may range from smaller areas (e.g., a structure, a subset of structure) to larger areas depending on various factors such as the capabilities of the network entity 105. For example, a cell may be or include a building, a subset of a building, or exterior spaces between or overlapping with coverage areas 110, among other examples.

[0068] In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) may be movable and therefore provide communication coverage for a moving coverage area, such as the coverage area 110. In some examples, coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) associated with different technologies may overlap, but the coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) may be supported by the same network entity (e.g., a network entity 105). In some other examples, overlapping coverage areas, such as a coverage area 110, associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities (e.g., the network entities 105). The wireless communications system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of the network entities 105 support communications for coverage areas 110 (e.g., different coverage areas) using the same or different RATs.

[0069] Some UEs 115 may be configured to employ operating modes that reduce power consumption, such as half-duplex communications (e.g., a mode that supports one-way communication via transmission or reception, but not transmission and reception concurrently). In some examples, half-duplex communications may be performed at a reduced peak rate. Other power conservation techniques for the UEs 115 may include entering a power saving deep sleep mode when not engaging in active communications, operating using a limited bandwidth (e.g., according to narrowbandcommunications), or a combination of these techniques. For example, some UEs 115 may be configured for operation using a narrowband protocol type that is associated with a defined portion or range (e.g., set of subcarriers or resource blocks (RBs)) within a carrier, within a guard-band of a carrier, or outside of a carrier.

[0070] The wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communications or low-latency communications, or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC). The UEs 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communications may include private communication or group communication and may be supported by one or more services such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, and ultra-reliable low-latency may be used interchangeably herein.

[0071] In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured to support communicating directly with other UEs (e.g., one or more of the UEs 115) via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link, such as a D2D communication link 135 (e.g., in accordance with a peer-to-peer (P2P), D2D, or sidelink protocol). In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of a group that are performing D2D communications may be within the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170), which may support aspects of such D2D communications being configured by (e.g., scheduled by) the network entity 105. In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 or may be otherwise unable to or not configured to receive transmissions from a network entity 105. In some examples, groups of the UEs 115 communicating via D2D communications may support a one-to- many (1 :M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to one or more of the UEs 115 in the group. In some examples, a network entity 105 may facilitate the scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In some other examples, D2D communications may be carried out between the UEs 115 without an involvement of a network entity 105.

[0072] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or 5G core (5GC), which may include at least one control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF)) and at least one user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or a user plane function (UPF)). The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for the UEs 115 served by the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140) associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be transferred through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation as well as other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to IP services 150 for one or more network operators. The IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, Intranet(s), an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or a Packet-Switched Streaming Service.

[0073] The wireless communications system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, which may be in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, which may be referred to as clusters, but the waves may penetrate structures sufficiently for a macro cell to provide service to the UEs 115 located indoors. Communications using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than one hundred kilometers) compared to communications using the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz.

[0074] The wireless communications system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may employ License Assisted Access (LAA), LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) RAT, or NR technology using an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, andmedical (ISM) band. While operating using unlicensed RF spectrum bands, devices such as the network entities 105 and the UEs 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations using unlicensed bands may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration in conjunction with component carriers operating using a licensed band (e.g., LAA). Operations using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among other examples.

[0075] A network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) or a UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which may be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of a network entity 105 or a UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, antennas or antenna arrays associated with a network entity 105 may be located at diverse geographic locations. A network entity 105 may include an antenna array with a set of rows and columns of antenna ports that the network entity 105 may use to support beamforming of communications with a UE 115. Likewise, a UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally, or alternatively, an antenna panel may support RF beamforming for a signal transmitted via an antenna port.

[0076] Beamforming, which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a network entity 105, a UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining the signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating along particular orientations with respect to an antenna array experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference. The adjustment of signals communicated via the antenna elements may include a transmitting device or a receiving device applying amplitude offsets, phase offsets, or both to signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device.The adjustments associated with each of the antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g., with respect to the antenna array of the transmitting device or receiving device, or with respect to some other orientation).

[0077] A network entity 105 or a UE 115 may use beam sweeping techniques as part of beamforming operations. For example, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to conduct beamforming operations for directional communications with a UE 115. Some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be transmitted by a network entity 105 multiple times along different directions. For example, the network entity 105 may transmit a signal according to different beamforming weight sets associated with different directions of transmission. Transmissions along different beam directions may be used to identify (e.g., by a transmitting device, such as a network entity 105, or by a receiving device, such as a UE 115) a beam direction for later transmission or reception by the network entity 105.

[0078] Some signals, such as data signals associated with a particular receiving device, may be transmitted by a transmitting device (e.g., a network entity 105 or a UE 115) along a single beam direction (e.g., a direction associated with the receiving device, such as another network entity 105 or UE 115). In some examples, the beam direction associated with transmissions along a single beam direction may be determined based on a signal that was transmitted along one or more beam directions. For example, a UE 115 may receive one or more of the signals transmitted by the network entity 105 along different directions and may report to the network entity 105 an indication of the signal that the UE 115 received with a highest signal quality or an otherwise acceptable signal quality.

[0079] In some examples, transmissions by a device (e.g., by a network entity 105 or a UE 115) may be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device may use a combination of digital precoding or beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from a network entity 105 to a UE 115). The UE 115 may report feedback that indicates precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and the feedback may correspond to a configured set of beams across a system bandwidth orone or more sub-bands. The network entity 105 may transmit a reference signal (e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (C SIRS)), which may be precoded or unprecoded. The UE 115 may provide feedback for beam selection, which may be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., a multi-panel type codebook, a linear combination type codebook, a port selection type codebook). Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted along one or more directions by a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170), a UE 115 may employ similar techniques for transmitting signals multiple times along different directions (e.g., for identifying a beam direction for subsequent transmission or reception by the UE 115) or for transmitting a signal along a single direction (e.g., for transmitting data to a receiving device).

[0080] A receiving device (e.g., a UE 115) may perform reception operations in accordance with multiple receive configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals from a transmitting device (e.g., a network entity 105), such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals. For example, a receiving device may perform reception in accordance with multiple receive directions by receiving via different antenna subarrays, by processing received signals according to different antenna subarrays, by receiving according to different receive beamforming weight sets (e.g., different directional listening weight sets) applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, or by processing received signals according to different receive beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, any of which may be referred to as “listening” according to different receive configurations or receive directions. In some examples, a receiving device may use a single receive configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving a data signal). The single receive configuration may be aligned along a beam direction determined based on listening according to different receive configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have a highest signal strength, highest signal-to- noise ratio (SNR), or otherwise acceptable signal quality based on listening according to multiple beam directions).

[0081] The wireless communications system 100 may be a packet-based network that operates according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communications atthe bearer or PDCP layer may be IP -based. An RLC layer may perform packet segmentation and reassembly to communicate via logical channels. A MAC layer may perform priority handling and multiplexing of logical channels into transport channels. The MAC layer also may implement error detection techniques, error correction techniques, or both to support retransmissions to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, an RRC layer may provide establishment, configuration, and maintenance of an RRC connection between a UE 115 and a network entity 105 or a core network 130 supporting radio bearers for user plane data. A PHY layer may map transport channels to physical channels.

[0082] In some wireless communications systems, a majority of network energy consumption may come from a network entity 105. Accordingly, it may be beneficial to implement energy saving features for one or more network entities 105. In some examples, a UE 115 may operate in an inactive (e.g., idle or low-power) mode. An inactive mode UE 115 may refer to an RRC inactive mode. While the UE 115 is in the inactive mode, the UE 115 may periodically wake-up for a duration to monitor for TRS to update its tracking loops (e.g., in accordance with a DRX duration). If the UE 115 does not receive any TRS, the UE 115 may return to sleep. In some examples, the UE 115 may update its tracking loops prior wake up based on receiving a paging early indication. The paging early indication may indicate which cell-specific resources for the inactive UE 115 are available. In some examples, the inactive mode UE 115 may receive the cell-specific TRS in a system information block (SIB) via broadcast signaling.

[0083] TRS may support time and frequency tracking of UE 115, as well as delay spread estimation. In some wireless communications systems, a network entity 105 may transmit UE-specific configuration signaling for the UE 115 to monitor for, and receive, TRS. In such systems, to activate or deactivate the TRS at a respective UE 115, the network entity 105 may transmit RRC configuration signaling to each respective UE 115. In some examples, multiple UEs 115 may be connected to the network entity 105 based on sharing a same beam, such as a SSB beam or a CSI-RS beam. Transmitting configuration signaling for each connected UE 115 (e.g., to activate or deactivate TRS) may unduly increase signaling overhead at the network entity 105. Accordingly, it may be beneficial for multiple UEs 115 sharing the same beam to also share the same TRSresources and to implement more dynamic options for activating and deactivating TRS at a respective UE 115.

[0084] The techniques described herein enable cell-specific and group common semi-persistent TRS and more dynamic methods to activate and deactivate the TRS via a group-common DCI trigger. That is, a UE 115 may receive multiple candidate TRS resource sets specific to a cell (e.g., and / or specific to a group of UEs 115 served by the cell) via configuration signaling. Each candidate TRS resource set may include a periodicity, time offset, and a TCI state that links the candidate TRS resource set to a respective beam. The DCI trigger may activate one of the cell-specific or group common candidate TRS resource sets for the UE 115 to use to monitor for semi- persistent TRS transmission. The grouping of UEs 115 may be based on the UEs 115 sharing the same SSB or CSI-RS beam. In some examples, the DCI trigger may further indicate a termination of the TRS transmission for a respective candidate TRS resource set. Additionally, or alternatively, the termination of the TRS may be based on an expiration of a timer included in the respective candidate TRS resource set.

[0085] FIG. 2 shows an example of a wireless communication system 200 that supports cell-specific TRS for active UEs in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communication system 200 may implement, or be implemented by, aspects of the wireless communications system 100, as described with reference to FIG. 1. For example, the wireless communication system 200 may include a first UE 115-a, a second UE 115-b, and a network entity 105-a, which may be examples of the corresponding devices described herein, including with reference to FIG. 1. In some examples, the first UE 115-a, the second UE 115-b, or both, may receive one or more downlink transmissions 205 that may enable cell-specific and group common semi -persistent TRS with a group trigger.

[0086] Some wireless communications systems may support TRS for time and frequency tracking of UEs 115 (e.g., the first UE 115-a and the second UE 115-b). TRS may also support delay spread (e.g., Doppler spread) estimation. In some examples, a UE 115 may update its time and frequency tracking loops based on receiving TRS, which may support more accurate synchronization and alignment for signaling between the respective UE 115 and a network entity 105 (e.g., between the first UE 115-a and the network entity 105-a). TRS may be periodic or aperiodic. The network entity 105-amay transmit periodic TRS in accordance with a periodicity, whereas the network entity 105-a may transmit aperiodic TRS in response to an event or trigger.

[0087] A UE 115 may receive configuration signaling for periodic TRS via a CSI- RS resource set. In some examples, the UE 115 may receive the configuration signaling for the periodic TRS via RRC signaling (e.g., the periodic TRS may be RRC configured for each UE 115). In such examples, the network entity 105 may activate or deactivate transmission of the periodic TRS for a respective UE 115 based on transmitting RRC configuration signaling (e.g., or reconfiguration signaling) indicating the activation or deactivation to the respective UE 115. In some examples, a UE 115 may receive aperiodic TRS to supplement tracking loop updates for periodic TRS that became misaligned by an event. For example, the event may include a secondary cell (SCell) activation, BWP switching, a multi -beam change (e.g., based on a UE 115 wake-up), discontinuous receive (DRX), or any other such event that causes the TRS to not align with periodic TRS instances.

[0088] In some other wireless communication systems, a UE 115 may seldomly receive configuration signaling for periodic TRS based on its associated overhead signaling costs. For example, periodic TRS resources may be UE-specific (e.g., configured per UE), which may result in a relatively large amount of overhead signaling for a network entity 105 to transmit the configuration signaling to each connected UE 115. In examples with relatively bursty traffic, UEs 115 connected to a network entity 105 may not update their tracking loops until a duration prior to receiving a data burst. Bursty traffic may enable the UEs 115 to maintain a coarse sync with an SSB beam or the periodic TRS with a relatively long period (e.g., compared to non-bursty traffic). Thus, it may be beneficial to enable multiple UEs 115 to share the same TRS resources if the UEs 115 are served by the same beam, and to enable more dynamic options for activating and deactivating the periodic TRS transmission at a respective UE 115.

[0089] The techniques described herein enable cell-specific and group common semi-persistent TRS and more dynamic methods to activate and deactivate the TRS transmission 235 via a group-common DCI trigger 215. That is, the one or more downlink transmissions 205 may include configuration information 210 that may configure one or more cell-specific candidate TRS resource sets 220. Candidate TRS resource sets 220 may refer to TRS resources allocated for potential TRS transmissions,however, the candidate TRS resource sets 220 may not be used unless activated by the network entity 105-a. For example, the first UE 115-a may receive the one or more cellspecific candidate TRS resource sets 220 in an SIB, and the first UE 115-a may receive a group-common DCI trigger 215 activating one of the one or more cell-specific candidate TRS resource sets 220 for a TRS transmission 235.

[0090] In some examples, the one or more cell-specific candidate TRS resource sets 220 may be periodic cell-specific candidate TRS resource sets. Each of the cell-specific candidate TRS resource sets 220 may include a periodicity, time offset, and TCI state. For example, the periodicity may refer to a period 230 between subsequent cell-specific candidate TRS resources. The time offset may refer to a duration between receiving the group-common DCI trigger 215 and activating the cell-specific candidate TRS resource set indicated in the group-common DCI trigger 215. In some examples, the TCI state may link to one SSB beam, one CSI-RS beam, or both.

[0091] A respective cell-specific candidate TRS resource set 220 may serve one or more UEs 115 in a same SSB beam (e.g., and / or CSI-RS beam), and may enable (e.g., provide sufficient reference for) the one or more UEs 115 to update their tracking loops. For example, the first UE 115-a and the second UE 115-b may be served by a same beam in a coverage area 245. Based on each being in the coverage area 245, the first UE 115-a and the second UE 115-b may receive the one or more cell-specific candidate TRS resource sets 220 corresponding to the beam. In some examples, the first UE 115-a (e.g., and / or the second UE 115-b) may receive the cell-specific candidate TRS resource sets 220 based on being in an active mode (e.g., compared to an inactive, or idle mode). For example, the first UE 115-a may be in an RRC connected mode (e.g., and the first UE 115-a may not be in an RRC idle mode or an RRC inactive mode). In some examples, the first UE 115-a may be in an active mode based on the first UE 115-a transmitting or receiving signaling (e.g., data signaling, measurement reporting, and the like). Additionally, or alternatively, the first UE 115-a may be in an active mode based on the first UE 115-a maintaining a synchronization with the network entity 105-a (e.g., based on the first UE 115-a being connected to the network entity 105-a).

[0092] In some examples, a group of clustered UEs 115 may be served by the same narrow beam, and thus may share the same candidate TRS resource set associated with the same beam (e.g., a CSI-RS beam). A cluster of UEs 115 may refer to any quantity ofUEs 115 within the same coverage area of the same beam. For example, the first UE 115-a and the second UE 115-b may be clustered based on being within the same coverage area 245 of a beam (e.g., an SSB beam or a CSI-RS beam). In such examples, the clustered UEs 115 may receive common group-specific candidate TRS resource sets 220 for shared periodic TRS resource sets. In some examples, the first UE 115-a may receive the one or more common group-specific candidate TRS resource sets 220 via RRC signaling. For example, the first UE 115-a may receive the common groupspecific candidate TRS resource sets 220 via the configuration information 210. Each common group-specific candidate TRS resource set 220 may include a periodicity, time offset, and TCI state, where the TCI state may link to one SSB beam or CSI-RS beam.

[0093] The configuration information 210 may include the one or more cell-specific candidate TRS resources sets 220 (e.g., based on an SSB beam), the common groupspecific candidate TRS resource sets 220 (e.g., based on CSI-RS beam), or both. In some examples, the first UE 115-a may use both the one or more cell-specific candidate TRS resource sets and the group-specific TRS configuration information to monitor for the TRS transmission 235. In some other examples, the common group-specific candidate TRS resource sets 220 may override the one or more cell-specific candidate TRS resource sets 220. For example, one or more time or frequency resources of the common group-specific candidate TRS resource sets 220 may conflict (e.g., overlap or partially overlap) with the one or more cell-specific candidate TRS resource sets 220, and the first UE 115-a may select which of the conflicting candidate TRS resource sets to use.

[0094] In some examples, the network entity 105-a may dynamically activate or deactivate the TRS transmission 235 based on signaling traffic (e.g., for better energy savings). For example, the network entity 105-a may not transmit (e.g., and the first UE 115-a may not expect to receive) the TRS transmission 235 on the one or more cellspecific (or common group-specific) candidate TRS resource sets 220 unless indicated by the group-common DCI trigger 215. The group-common DCI trigger 215 may trigger the semi-persistent TRS transmission 235. In some examples, periodic TRS transmission 235 may start after a timing offset indicated by the group-common DCI trigger 215. For example, the first UE 115-a may receive a group-common DCI trigger 215 that may activate one of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets 220 after aduration. Based on receiving the group-common DCI trigger, the first UE 115-a may monitor for the semi-persistent TRS transmission 235 via the activated candidate TRS resource set 225.

[0095] In some examples, the group-common DCI trigger 215 may trigger the TRS transmission 235 on different candidate TRS resource sets 220 (e.g., associated with different beams). For example, the group-common DCI trigger 215 may include a bitmap that maps respective bits to respective candidate TRS resource sets 220, and each candidate TRS resource set 220 may be associated with a respective beam (e.g., SSB beam or CSI-RS beam). Additionally, or alternatively, the group-common DCI trigger 215 may change the TRS transmission 235 periodicity by indicating (e.g., choosing) a different candidate TRS resource set 220 with a different periodicity. For example, the first UE 115-a may receive a first group-common DCI trigger 215 activating a first candidate TRS resource set 220 with a first periodicity and may subsequently receive a second group-common DCI trigger 215 activating a second candidate TRS resource set 220 with a second periodicity different than the first periodicity.

[0096] One or more UEs 115 in a cluster of UEs 115 may update their tracking loops based on one or more incoming data 240, while the remaining UEs 115 in the cluster of UEs 115 may not update their tracking loops (e.g., because the network entity 105-a may not transmit data 240 for a threshold duration). In some examples, the network entity 105-a may partition the cluster of UEs 115 into one or more subgroups. In such examples, the network entity 105-a may include packets (e.g., for the data 240) for a subgroup of UEs 115 within the cluster of UEs 115 for a given duration, and the network entity 105-a may update the tracking loop of the UEs 115 in the subgroup. In some cases, the network entity 105-a may partition the cluster of UEs 115 based on information obtained via one or more RACH procedures performed by each of the UEs 115 in the cluster of UEs 115 (e.g., the network entity 105-a may know which beams each UE 115 is using in the cluster of UEs 115).

[0097] In a first example, the network entity 105-a may partition the first UE 115-a into a first subgroup and the second UE 115-b into a second subgroup. The first UE 115-a may receive a group-common DCI trigger 215 that may indicate a subgroup index corresponding to the first subgroup or the second subgroup. If the group-common DCItrigger 215 indicates the first subgroup, the first UE 115-a may update its tracking loops (e.g., via receiving the TRS transmission 235) and prepare to receive the data 240. In another example, the network entity 105-a may partition the first UE 115-a and the second UE 115-b into a first subgroup and one or more third UEs 115 (e.g., that are within the coverage area 245) into one or more other subgroups (e.g., a second subgroup, a third subgroup, or a fourth subgroup). In this example, both the first UE 115-a and the second UE 115-b may update their tracking loops based on receiving a group-common DCI trigger 215 that indicates the index of the first subgroup. It is understood that these examples are non-limiting and that the network entity 105-a may partition any quantity of UEs 115 associated with the same beam into any quantity of subgroups.

[0098] The network entity 105-a may also deactivate the periodic TRS transmission 235 (e.g., when there is no signaling traffic). For example, the group-common DCI trigger 215 may explicitly terminate TRS transmission 235 on the indicated TRS resource sets (e.g., the active candidate TRS resource set 225). In some examples, the group-common DCI trigger 215 may include a bitmap (e.g., where one bit may map to one TRS resource set) to indicate the termination of a respective TRS resource set. In some cases, the network entity 105-a may deactivate a respective beam and subsequently transmit the group-common DCI trigger 215 that may terminate the TRS transmission 235 associated with the deactivated beam.

[0099] Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity 105-a may include a timerbased mechanism to terminate the TRS transmission 235. For example, the network entity 105-a may terminate TRS transmission 235 based on the expiration of a timer. In some examples, the network entity 105-a may terminate the TRS transmission 235 on the active candidate TRS resource set 225 based on the expiration of the timer. Each of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets 220 may include a TRS transmission timer. In some cases, the timer value may be configured via RRC signaling for each respective candidate TRS resource set 220. In some other cases, a single timer value may be used across different candidate TRS resource sets 220. The timer associated with a TRS resource set may be reset based on the group-common DCI trigger 215 triggering (e.g., or re-triggering) the candidate TRS resource set.

[0100] In some examples, the network entity 105-a may transmit the semi-persistent group common or cell-specific TRS transmission 235 with a periodicity (e.g., preconfigured periodicity) after the group-common DCI trigger 215. In some cases, the first UE 115-a may receive a packet during the periodic group common or cell-specific TRS transmission 235. In such cases, an aperiodic TRS transmission may be triggered to fine-tune the tracking loops prior to the first UE 115-a receiving the data 240 (e.g., based on the packet puncturing the cell-specific TRS transmission 235).

[0101] FIG. 3 shows an example of a process flow 300 that supports cell-specific TRS for active UEs in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The process flow 300 may be implemented by aspects of the wireless communications systems 100 and 200. For example, a UE 115-c and a network entity 105-b, which may be examples of a UE 115 and a network entity 105, may perform aspects of the process flow 300. In the following description of the process flow 300, operations performed by the UE 115-c and the network entity 105-b may be performed in a different order than is shown. Some operations may be omitted form the process flow 300, and other operations may be added to the process flow 300. Further, although some operations or signaling may be shown to occur at different times for discussion purposes, these operations may occur at the same time.

[0102] At 305, the UE 115-c may receive configuration information, as described with reference to the configuration information 210 in FIG. 2. The configuration information may indicate one or more candidate TRS resource sets for use by the UE 115-c while in an active state. The one or more candidate TRS resource sets may each be specific to a cell associated with the UE 115-c. For example, the one or more candidate TRS resource sets may be specific to the network entity 105-b (e.g., when the UE 115-c is connected to, or otherwise associated with, the network entity 105-b). Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more candidate TRS resource sets may be group specific to the UE 115-c and one or more other UEs 115 served by the same beam. For example, the UE 115-c and a second UE 115 may be associated with an SSB beam or CSI-RS beam. In some examples, the one or more candidate TRS resource sets may each comprise a periodicity parameter, a time offset parameter, at TCI state parameter, or any combination thereof. In some cases, the TCI state parameter may correspond to a first beam associated with the UE 115-c.

[0103] At 310, the UE 115-c may receive a first DCI trigger that may indicate a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets. In some examples, the first DCI trigger may indicate a candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets via a bitmap. A respective bit of the bitmap may correspond to a respective candidate TRS resource set. For example, the first DCI trigger may include a bit corresponding to the first candidate TRS resource set.

[0104] At 315, the UE 115-c may monitor for a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based at least in part on reception of the first DCI trigger. For example, the first DCI trigger may activate one of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, and the UE 115-c may monitor for the TRS via the activated candidate TRS resource sets. In some examples, the UE 115-c may begin monitoring for the TRS after a first duration. For example, the first DCI trigger may include an indication of the first duration (e.g., a timing offset) or the activated candidate TRS resource set may include an indication of the first duration. In some examples, at 320, the UE 115-c may receive one or more semi-persistent TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based at least in part on monitoring for the TRS. In some cases, a periodicity of the one or more semi-persistent TRS may be based at least in part on the timing offset included in the first DCI trigger.

[0105] In some examples, at 325, the UE 115-c may receive a second DCI trigger that may indicate a second candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets (e.g., via a bitmap included in the second DCI trigger). For example, the first candidate TRS resource set may be associated with a first beam at the network entity 105-b and the second candidate TRS resource set may be associated with a second beam at the network entity 105-b. Additionally, or alternatively, the second DCI trigger may indicate a second candidate TRS resource set that is associated with a second periodicity parameter different than a first periodicity parameter associated with the first candidate TRS resource set. That is, the second DCI trigger may enable the network entity 105-b to select a different beam (e.g., the second beam) or periodicity (e.g., the second periodicity), or both, for the UE 115-c. In such examples, at 330, the UE 115-c may monitor for a second TRS via the second candidate TRS resource set based at least in part on reception of the second DCI trigger.

[0106] At 335, the UE 115-c may receive data based at least in part on the first DCI trigger indicating one or more subgroup indices, as described with reference to FIG. 2.For example, one of the one or more subgroup indices may correspond to the UE 115-c and at least a second UE 115 based at least in part on the UE 115-c and the at least second UE 115 being associated with the same beam (e.g., being within the same coverage of the beam).

[0107] At 340, the UE 115-c may terminate monitoring for the TRS. In some examples, the UE 115-c may terminate the monitoring based at least in part on receiving the second DCI trigger. For example, the second DCI trigger may indicate a termination of the TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set. In some examples, the second DCI trigger may indicate the termination via a bitmap, where a respective bit of the bitmap may correspond to a respective candidate TRs resource set. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 115-c may terminate monitoring for the TRS based at least in part on an expiration of a timer associated with the first candidate TRS resource set. For example, the configuration information may indicate a respective timer duration for each of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets or a timer duration for all of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets. In some examples, the UE 115-c may reset the timer based at least in part on receiving the first DCI trigger or the second DCI trigger that indicates the first candidate TRS resource set (e.g., the timer may be reset based at least in part on receiving an indication of a candidate TRS resource set).

[0108] FIG. 4 shows a block diagram 400 of a device 405 that supports cell-specific TRS for active UEs in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 405 may be an example of aspects of a UE 115 as described herein. The device 405 may include a receiver 410, a transmitter 415, and a communications manager 420. The device 405, or one or more components of the device 405 (e.g., the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, the communications manager 420), may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to, individually or collectively, support or enable the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0109] The receiver 410 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to cell-specific TRS for active UEs). Information may be passed on toother components of the device 405. The receiver 410 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0110] The transmitter 415 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 405. For example, the transmitter 415 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to cell-specific TRS for active UEs). In some examples, the transmitter 415 may be co-located with a receiver 410 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 415 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.[OHl] The communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of cell-specific TRS for active UEs as described herein. For example, the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0112] In some examples, the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry). The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a neural processing unit (NPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory).

[0113] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communications management software) executed by atleast one processor (e.g., referred to as a processor-executable code). If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 420, the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a GPU, an NPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure).

[0114] In some examples, the communications manager 420 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or both. For example, the communications manager 420 may receive information from the receiver 410, send information to the transmitter 415, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0115] The communications manager 420 may support wireless communications for a first UE in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 420 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving configuration information that indicates one or more candidate TRS resource sets for use by the first UE in an active state, where the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE. The communications manager 420 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a first DCI trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets. The communications manager 420 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for monitoring for a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based on reception of the first DCI trigger.

[0116] By including or configuring the communications manager 420 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 405 (e.g., at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, the communications manager 420, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for reduced power consumption, and more efficient utilization of communication resources, among other examples.

[0117] FIG. 5 shows a block diagram 500 of a device 505 that supports cell-specific TRS for active UEs in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 505 may be an example of aspects of a device 405 or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 505 may include a receiver 510, a transmitter 515, and a communications manager 520. The device 505, or one or more components of the device 505 (e.g., the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, the communications manager 520), may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to support the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0118] The receiver 510 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to cell-specific TRS for active UEs). Information may be passed on to other components of the device 505. The receiver 510 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0119] The transmitter 515 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 505. For example, the transmitter 515 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to cell-specific TRS for active UEs). In some examples, the transmitter 515 may be co-located with a receiver 510 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 515 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0120] The device 505, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of cell-specific TRS for active UEs as described herein. For example, the communications manager 520 may include a configuration information component 525, a DCI trigger component 530, a monitoring component 535, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 520 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 420 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 520, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both. For example, the communications manager 520 may receive informationfrom the receiver 510, send information to the transmitter 515, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0121] The communications manager 520 may support wireless communications for a first UE in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The configuration information component 525 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving configuration information that indicates one or more candidate TRS resource sets for use by the first UE in an active state, where the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE. The DCI trigger component 530 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a first DCI trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets. The monitoring component 535 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for monitoring for a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based on reception of the first DCI trigger.

[0122] FIG. 6 shows a block diagram 600 of a communications manager 620 that supports cell-specific TRS for active UEs in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 620 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 420, a communications manager 520, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 620, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of cell-specific TRS for active UEs as described herein. For example, the communications manager 620 may include a configuration information component 625, a DCI trigger component 630, a monitoring component 635, an TRS receive component 640, a terminate monitoring component 645, a data receive component 650, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or components or subcomponents thereof (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories), may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0123] The communications manager 620 may support wireless communications for a first UE in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The configuration information component 625 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving configuration information that indicates one or more candidate TRS resource sets for use by the first UE in an active state, where the one or more candidateTRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE. The DCI trigger component 630 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a first DCI trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets. The monitoring component 635 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for monitoring for a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based on reception of the first DCI trigger.

[0124] In some examples, the TRS receive component 640 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving one or more semi-persistent TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based on monitoring for the TRS, where a periodicity of the one or more semi-persistent TRS is based on a timing offset indicated in the first DCI trigger.

[0125] In some examples, the DCI trigger component 630 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a second DCI trigger that indicates a second candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, where the first candidate TRS resource set is associated with a first beam and the second candidate TRS resource set is associated with a second beam. In some examples, the monitoring component 635 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for monitoring for a second TRS via the second candidate TRS resource set based on reception of the second DCI trigger.

[0126] In some examples, a respective DCI trigger indicates a respective candidate TRS resource set of the or more candidate TRS resource sets via a bitmap. In some examples, a respective bit of the bitmap corresponds to a respective candidate TRS resource set.

[0127] In some examples, the DCI trigger component 630 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a second DCI trigger that indicates a second candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, where the first candidate TRS resource set is associated with a first periodicity parameter and the second candidate TRS resource set is associated with a second periodicity parameter. In some examples, the monitoring component 635 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for monitoring for a second TRS via the second candidate TRS resource set based on reception of the second DCI trigger.

[0128] In some examples, the first UE and at least a second UE are associated with a beam. In some examples, the first candidate TRS resource set is associated with the at least second UE based on the beam. In some examples, the beam is an SSB beam or a CSI-RS beam.

[0129] In some examples, the data receive component 650 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving data based on the first DCI trigger further indicating one or more subgroup indices, where one of the one or more subgroup indices correspond to the first UE and the at least second UE based on the first UE and the at least second UE being associated with the beam.

[0130] In some examples, the DCI trigger component 630 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a second DCI trigger that indicates a termination of the TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set. In some examples, the terminate monitoring component 645 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for terminating monitoring for the TRS based on reception of the second DCI trigger. In some examples, the second DCI trigger indicates the termination via a bitmap. In some examples, a respective bit of the bitmap corresponds to a respective candidate TRS resource set.

[0131] In some examples, the terminate monitoring component 645 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for terminating monitoring for the TRS based on an expiration of a timer associated with the first candidate TRS resource set. In some examples, the configuration information indicates a respective timer duration for each of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets or a timer duration for all of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets. In some examples, the timer is reset based on receiving the first DCI trigger or a second DCI trigger that indicates the first candidate TRS resource set.

[0132] In some examples, the one or more candidate TRS resource sets each include a periodicity parameter, a time offset parameter, a TCI state parameter, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the TCI state parameter corresponds to a first beam associated with the first UE.

[0133] FIG. 7 shows a diagram of a system 700 including a device 705 that supports cell-specific TRS for active UEs in accordance with one or more aspects of thepresent disclosure. The device 705 may be an example of or include components of a device 405, a device 505, or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 705 may communicate (e.g., wirelessly) with one or more other devices (e.g., network entities 105, UEs 115, or a combination thereof). The device 705 may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communications manager 720, an input / output (I / O) controller, such as an I / O controller 710, a transceiver 715, one or more antennas 725, at least one memory 730, code 735, and at least one processor 740. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 745).

[0134] The I / O controller 710 may manage input and output signals for the device 705. The I / O controller 710 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 705. In some cases, the I / O controller 710 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some cases, the I / O controller 710 may utilize an operating system such as iOS®, ANDROID®, MS-DOS®, MS-WINDOWS®, OS / 2®, UNIX®, LINUX®, or another known operating system. Additionally, or alternatively, the I / O controller 710 may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touchscreen, or a similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 710 may be implemented as part of one or more processors, such as the at least one processor 740. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 705 via the I / O controller 710 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 710.

[0135] In some cases, the device 705 may include a single antenna. However, in some other cases, the device 705 may have more than one antenna, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 715 may communicate bi-directionally via the one or more antennas 725 using wired or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 715 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 715 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 725 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 725. The transceiver 715, or the transceiver 715 and one or more antennas 725, may be an example of atransmitter 415, a transmitter 515, a receiver 410, a receiver 510, or any combination thereof or component thereof, as described herein.

[0136] The at least one memory 730 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The at least one memory 730 may store computer- readable, computer-executable, or processor-executable code, such as the code 735. The code 735 may include instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor 740, cause the device 705 to perform various functions described herein. The code 735 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 735 may not be directly executable by the at least one processor 740 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 730 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0137] The at least one processor 740 may include one or more intelligent hardware devices (e.g., one or more general-purpose processors, one or more DSPs, one or more CPUs, one or more graphics processing units (GPUs), one or more neural processing units (NPUs) (also referred to as neural network processors or deep learning processors (DLPs)), one or more microcontrollers, one or more ASICs, one or more FPGAs, one or more programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, one or more discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the at least one processor 740 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into the at least one processor 740. The at least one processor 740 may be configured to execute computer- readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the at least one memory 730) to cause the device 705 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting cell-specific TRS for active UEs). For example, the device 705 or a component of the device 705 may include at least one processor 740 and at least one memory 730 coupled with or to the at least one processor 740, the at least one processor 740 and the at least one memory 730 configured to perform various functions described herein.

[0138] In some examples, the at least one processor 740 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 730 may include multiple memories. One ormore of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 740 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system (such as a series) of machines, circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include the at least one processor 740) and memory circuitry (which may include the at least one memory 730)), or components, that receives or obtains inputs and processes the inputs to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, the at least one processor 740 or a processing system including the at least one processor 740 may be configured to, configurable to, or operable to cause the device 705 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Further, as described herein, being “configured to,” being “configurable to,” and being “operable to” may be used interchangeably and may be associated with a capability, when executing code 735 (e.g., processor-executable code) stored in the at least one memory 730 or otherwise, to perform one or more of the functions described herein.

[0139] The communications manager 720 may support wireless communications for a first UE in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving configuration information that indicates one or more candidate TRS resource sets for use by the first UE in an active state, where the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE. The communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving a first DCI trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets. The communications manager 720 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for monitoring for a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based on reception of the first DCI trigger.

[0140] By including or configuring the communications manager 720 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 705 may support techniques for reduced power consumption, more efficient utilization of communication resources, improved coordination between devices, and improved utilization of processing capability, among other examples.

[0141] In some examples, the communications manager 720 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 715, the one or more antennas 725, or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 720 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 720 may be supported by or performed by the at least one processor 740, the at least one memory 730, the code 735, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 735 may include instructions executable by the at least one processor 740 to cause the device 705 to perform various aspects of cell-specific TRS for active UEs as described herein, or the at least one processor 740 and the at least one memory 730 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.

[0142] FIG. 8 shows a block diagram 800 of a device 805 that supports cell-specific TRS for active UEs in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 805 may be an example of aspects of a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 805 may include a receiver 810, a transmitter 815, and a communications manager 820. The device 805, or one or more components of the device 805 (e.g., the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, the communications manager 820), may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to, individually or collectively, support or enable the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0143] The receiver 810 may provide a means for obtaining (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack). Information may be passed on to other components of the device 805. In some examples, the receiver 810 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the receiver 810 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.

[0144] The transmitter 815 may provide a means for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, sending) information generated by other components of the device 805. For example, the transmitter 815 may output information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack). In some examples, the transmitter 815 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the transmitter 815 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 815 and the receiver 810 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled with a modem.

[0145] The communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of cell-specific TRS for active UEs as described herein. For example, the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0146] In some examples, the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry). The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a DSP, a CPU, a GPU, an NPU, an ASIC, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory).

[0147] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communications management software) executed by atleast one processor (e.g., referred to as a processor-executable code). If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure).

[0148] In some examples, the communications manager 820 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both. For example, the communications manager 820 may receive information from the receiver 810, send information to the transmitter 815, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0149] The communications manager 820 may support wireless communications for a network entity in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting configuration information that indicates one or more candidate TRS resource sets for use by a first UE in an active state, where the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE. The communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a first DCI trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets. The communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based on transmission of the first DCI trigger.

[0150] By including or configuring the communications manager 820 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 805 (e.g., at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, the communications manager 820, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for reduced power consumption, and more efficient utilization of communication resources, among other examples.

[0151] FIG. 9 shows a block diagram 900 of a device 905 that supports cell-specific TRS for active UEs in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 905 may be an example of aspects of a device 805 or a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 905 may include a receiver 910, a transmitter 915, and a communications manager 920. The device 905, or one or more components of the device 905 (e.g., the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, the communications manager 920), may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to support the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0152] The receiver 910 may provide a means for obtaining (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack). Information may be passed on to other components of the device 905. In some examples, the receiver 910 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the receiver 910 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.

[0153] The transmitter 915 may provide a means for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, sending) information generated by other components of the device 905. For example, the transmitter 915 may output information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack). In some examples, the transmitter 915 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the transmitter 915 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 915 and the receiver 910 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled with a modem.

[0154] The device 905, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of cell-specific TRS for active UEs as described herein. For example, the communications manager 920 may include a configuration information component 925, a DCI trigger component 930, a transmit TRS component 935, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 920 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 820 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 920, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or both. For example, the communications manager 920 may receive information from the receiver 910, send information to the transmitter 915, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0155] The communications manager 920 may support wireless communications for a network entity in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The configuration information component 925 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting configuration information that indicates one or more candidate TRS resource sets for use by a first UE in an active state, where the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE. The DCI trigger component 930 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a first DCI trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets. The transmit TRS component 935 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based on transmission of the first DCI trigger.

[0156] FIG. 10 shows a block diagram 1000 of a communications manager 1020 that supports cell-specific TRS for active UEs in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 1020 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 820, a communications manager 920, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 1020, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of cell-specific TRS for active UEs as described herein. For example, the communications manager 1020 may include a configuration information component 1025, a DCI trigger component 1030, atransmit TRS component 1035, a terminate TRS transmission component 1040, a data transmit component 1045, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or components or subcomponents thereof (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories), may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses). The communications may include communications within a protocol layer of a protocol stack, communications associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack, within a device, component, or virtualized component associated with a network entity 105, between devices, components, or virtualized components associated with a network entity 105), or any combination thereof.

[0157] The communications manager 1020 may support wireless communications for a network entity in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The configuration information component 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting configuration information that indicates one or more candidate TRS resource sets for use by a first UE in an active state, where the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE. The DCI trigger component 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a first DCI trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets. The transmit TRS component 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based on transmission of the first DCI trigger.

[0158] In some examples, to support transmitting the TRS, the transmit TRS component 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting one or more semi-persistent TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set, where a periodicity of the one or more semi-persistent TRS is based on a timing offset indicated in the first DCI trigger.

[0159] In some examples, the DCI trigger component 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a second DCI trigger that indicates a second candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, where the first candidate TRS resource set is associated with a first beam and the second candidate TRS resource set is associated with a second beam. In some examples, the transmit TRS component 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support ameans for transmitting a second TRS via the second candidate TRS resource set based on transmission of the second DCI trigger.

[0160] In some examples, a respective DCI trigger indicates a respective candidate TRS resource set of the or more candidate TRS resource sets via a bitmap. In some examples, a respective bit of the bitmap corresponds to a respective candidate TRS resource set.

[0161] In some examples, the DCI trigger component 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a second DCI trigger that indicates a second candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, where the first candidate TRS resource set is associated with a first periodicity parameter and the second candidate TRS resource set is associated with a second periodicity parameter. In some examples, the transmit TRS component 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a second TRS via the second candidate TRS resource set based on transmission of the second DCI trigger.

[0162] In some examples, the first UE and at least a second UE are associated with a beam. In some examples, the first candidate TRS resource set is associated with the at least second UE based on the beam.

[0163] In some examples, the data transmit component 1045 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting data based on the first DCI trigger further indicating one or more subgroup indices, where one of the one or more subgroup indices correspond to the first UE and the at least second UE based on the first UE and the at least second UE being associated with the beam.

[0164] In some examples, the DCI trigger component 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a second DCI trigger that indicates a termination of the TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set. In some examples, the terminate TRS transmission component 1040 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for terminating transmission of the TRS based on transmission of the second DCI trigger.

[0165] In some examples, the second DCI trigger indicates the termination via a bitmap. In some examples, a respective bit of the bitmap corresponds to a respectivecandidate TRS resource set. In some examples, the terminate TRS transmission component 1040 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for terminating transmission of the TRS based on an expiration of a timer associated with the first candidate TRS resource set. In some examples, the configuration information indicates a respective timer duration for each of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets or a timer duration for all of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets. In some examples, the timer is reset based on transmitting the first DCI trigger or a second DCI trigger that indicates the first candidate TRS resource set. In some examples, the one or more candidate TRS resource sets each include a periodicity parameter, a time offset parameter, a TCI state parameter, or any combination thereof.

[0166] FIG. 11 shows a diagram of a system 1100 including a device 1105 that supports cell-specific TRS for active UEs in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1105 may be an example of or include components of a device 805, a device 905, or a network entity 105 as described herein. The device 1105 may communicate with other network devices or network equipment such as one or more of the network entities 105, UEs 115, or any combination thereof. The communications may include communications over one or more wired interfaces, over one or more wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. The device 1105 may include components that support outputting and obtaining communications, such as a communications manager 1120, a transceiver 1110, one or more antennas 1115, at least one memory 1125, code 1130, and at least one processor 1135. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 1140).

[0167] The transceiver 1110 may support bi-directional communications via wired links, wireless links, or both as described herein. In some examples, the transceiver 1110 may include a wired transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wired transceiver. Additionally, or alternatively, in some examples, the transceiver 1110 may include a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. In some examples, the device 1105 may include one or more antennas 1115, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving wireless transmissions (e.g., concurrently). The transceiver 1110 may also include amodem to modulate signals, to provide the modulated signals for transmission (e.g., by one or more antennas 1115, by a wired transmitter), to receive modulated signals (e.g., from one or more antennas 1115, from a wired receiver), and to demodulate signals. In some implementations, the transceiver 1110 may include one or more interfaces, such as one or more interfaces coupled with the one or more antennas 1115 that are configured to support various receiving or obtaining operations, or one or more interfaces coupled with the one or more antennas 1115 that are configured to support various transmitting or outputting operations, or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 1110 may include or be configured for coupling with one or more processors or one or more memory components that are operable to perform or support operations based on received or obtained information or signals, or to generate information or other signals for transmission or other outputting, or any combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 1110, or the transceiver 1110 and the one or more antennas 1115, or the transceiver 1110 and the one or more antennas 1115 and one or more processors or one or more memory components (e.g., the at least one processor 1135, the at least one memory 1125, or both), may be included in a chip or chip assembly that is installed in the device 1105. In some examples, the transceiver 1110 may be operable to support communications via one or more communications links (e.g., communication link(s) 125, backhaul communication link(s) 120, a midhaul communication link 162, a fronthaul communication link 168).

[0168] The at least one memory 1125 may include RAM, ROM, or any combination thereof. The at least one memory 1125 may store computer-readable, computerexecutable, or processor-executable code, such as the code 1130. The code 1130 may include instructions that, when executed by one or more of the at least one processor 1135, cause the device 1105 to perform various functions described herein. The code 1130 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 1130 may not be directly executable by a processor of the at least one processor 1135 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 1125 may include, among other things, a BIOS which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices. In some examples, the at least one processor 1135 may includemultiple processors and the at least one memory 1125 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein (for example, as part of a processing system).

[0169] The at least one processor 1135 may include one or more intelligent hardware devices (e.g., one or more general-purpose processors, one or more DSPs, one or more CPUs, one or more graphics processing units (GPUs), one or more neural processing units (NPUs) (also referred to as neural network processors or deep learning processors (DLPs)), one or more microcontrollers, one or more ASICs, one or more FPGAs, one or more programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, one or more discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the at least one processor 1135 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into one or more of the at least one processor 1135. The at least one processor 1135 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., one or more of the at least one memory 1125) to cause the device 1105 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting cell-specific TRS for active UEs). For example, the device 1105 or a component of the device 1105 may include at least one processor 1135 and at least one memory 1125 coupled with one or more of the at least one processor 1135, the at least one processor 1135 and the at least one memory 1125 configured to perform various functions described herein. The at least one processor 1135 may be an example of a cloud-computing platform (e.g., one or more physical nodes and supporting software such as operating systems, virtual machines, or container instances) that may host the functions (e.g., by executing code 1130) to perform the functions of the device 1105. The at least one processor 1135 may be any one or more suitable processors capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more software programs stored in the device 1105 (such as within one or more of the at least one memory 1125).

[0170] In some examples, the at least one processor 1135 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 1125 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform variousfunctions herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 1135 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system (such as a series) of machines, circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include the at least one processor 1135) and memory circuitry (which may include the at least one memory 1125)), or components, that receives or obtains inputs and processes the inputs to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, the at least one processor 1135 or a processing system including the at least one processor 1135 may be configured to, configurable to, or operable to cause the device 1105 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Further, as described herein, being “configured to,” being “configurable to,” and being “operable to” may be used interchangeably and may be associated with a capability, when executing code stored in the at least one memory 1125 or otherwise, to perform one or more of the functions described herein.

[0171] In some examples, a bus 1140 may support communications of (e.g., within) a protocol layer of a protocol stack. In some examples, a bus 1140 may support communications associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack), which may include communications performed within a component of the device 1105, or between different components of the device 1105 that may be co-located or located in different locations (e.g., where the device 1105 may refer to a system in which one or more of the communications manager 1120, the transceiver 1110, the at least one memory 1125, the code 1130, and the at least one processor 1135 may be located in one of the different components or divided between different components).

[0172] In some examples, the communications manager 1120 may manage aspects of communications with a core network 130 (e.g., via one or more wired or wireless backhaul links). For example, the communications manager 1120 may manage the transfer of data communications for client devices, such as one or more UEs 115. In some examples, the communications manager 1120 may manage communications with one or more other network entities 105, and may include a controller or scheduler for controlling communications with UEs 115 (e.g., in cooperation with the one or more other network devices). In some examples, the communications manager 1120 maysupport an X2 interface within an LTE / LTE-A wireless communications network technology to provide communication between network entities 105.

[0173] The communications manager 1120 may support wireless communications for a network entity in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 1120 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting configuration information that indicates one or more candidate TRS resource sets for use by a first UE in an active state, where the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE. The communications manager 1120 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a first DCI trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets. The communications manager 1120 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based on transmission of the first DCI trigger.

[0174] By including or configuring the communications manager 1120 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 1105 may support techniques for reduced power consumption, more efficient utilization of communication resources, improved coordination between devices, and improved utilization of processing capability, among other examples.

[0175] In some examples, the communications manager 1120 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 1110, the one or more antennas 1115 (e.g., where applicable), or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 1120 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 1120 may be supported by or performed by the transceiver 1110, one or more of the at least one processor 1135, one or more of the at least one memory 1125, the code 1130, or any combination thereof (for example, by a processing system including at least a portion of the at least one processor 1135, the at least one memory 1125, the code 1130, or any combination thereof). For example, the code 1130 may include instructions executable by one or more of the at least one processor 1135 to cause the device 1105 to perform various aspects of cell-specific TRS for active UEs as described herein, or the at least one processor 1135 and the at least one memory 1125 may beotherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.

[0176] FIG. 12 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1200 that supports cellspecific TRS for active UEs in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1200 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1200 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 7. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.

[0177] At 1205, the method may include receiving configuration information that indicates one or more candidate TRS resource sets for use by the first UE in an active state, where the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE. The operations of 1205 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1205 may be performed by a configuration information component 625 as described with reference to FIG. 6.

[0178] At 1210, the method may include receiving a first DCI trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets. The operations of 1210 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1210 may be performed by a DCI trigger component 630 as described with reference to FIG. 6.

[0179] At 1215, the method may include monitoring for a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based on reception of the first DCI trigger. The operations of 1215 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1215 may be performed by a monitoring component 635 as described with reference to FIG. 6.

[0180] FIG. 13 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1300 that supports cellspecific TRS for active UEs in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1300 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1300 maybe performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 7. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.

[0181] At 1305, the method may include receiving configuration information that indicates one or more candidate TRS resource sets for use by the first UE in an active state, where the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE. The operations of 1305 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1305 may be performed by a configuration information component 625 as described with reference to FIG. 6.

[0182] At 1310, the method may include receiving a first DCI trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets. The operations of 1310 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1310 may be performed by a DCI trigger component 630 as described with reference to FIG. 6.

[0183] At 1315, the method may include monitoring for a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based on reception of the first DCI trigger. The operations of 1315 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1315 may be performed by a monitoring component 635 as described with reference to FIG. 6.

[0184] At 1320, the method may include receiving one or more semi-persistent TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based on monitoring for the TRS, where a periodicity of the one or more semi-persistent TRS is based on a timing offset indicated in the first DCI trigger. The operations of 1320 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1320 may be performed by an TRS receive component 640 as described with reference to FIG. 6.

[0185] FIG. 14 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1400 that supports cellspecific TRS for active UEs in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1400 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1400may be performed by a network entity as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 3 and 8 through 11. In some examples, a network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the network entity may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.

[0186] At 1405, the method may include transmitting configuration information that indicates one or more candidate TRS resource sets for use by a first UE in an active state, where the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE. The operations of 1405 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1405 may be performed by a configuration information component 1025 as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0187] At 1410, the method may include transmitting a first DCI trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets. The operations of 1410 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1410 may be performed by a DCI trigger component 1030 as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0188] At 1415, the method may include transmitting a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based on transmission of the first DCI trigger. The operations of 1415 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1415 may be performed by a transmit TRS component 1035 as described with reference to FIG. 10.

[0189] The following provides an overview of aspects of the present disclosure:

[0190] Aspect 1 : A method for wireless communications for a first UE, comprising: receiving configuration information that indicates one or more candidate TRS resource sets for use by the first UE in an active state, wherein the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE; receiving a first DCI trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets; and monitoring for a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based at least in part on reception of the first DCI trigger.

[0191] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, further comprising: receiving one or more semi-persistent TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based at least in part on monitoring for the TRS, wherein a periodicity of the one or more semi-persistent TRS is based at least in part on a timing offset indicated in the first DCI trigger.

[0192] Aspect 3: The method of any of aspects 1 through 2, further comprising: receiving a second DCI trigger that indicates a second candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, wherein the first candidate TRS resource set is associated with a first beam and the second candidate TRS resource set is associated with a second beam; and monitoring for a second TRS via the second candidate TRS resource set based at least in part on reception of the second DCI trigger.

[0193] Aspect 4: The method of aspect 3, wherein a respective DCI trigger indicates a respective candidate TRS resource set of the or more candidate TRS resource sets via a bitmap, and a respective bit of the bitmap corresponds to a respective candidate TRS resource set.

[0194] Aspect 5: The method of any of aspects 1 through 4, further comprising: receiving a second DCI trigger that indicates a second candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, wherein the first candidate TRS resource set is associated with a first periodicity parameter and the second candidate TRS resource set is associated with a second periodicity parameter; and monitoring for a second TRS via the second candidate TRS resource set based at least in part on reception of the second DCI trigger.

[0195] Aspect 6: The method of any of aspects 1 through 5, wherein the first UE and at least a second UE are associated with a beam, and the first candidate TRS resource set is associated with the at least second UE based at least in part on the beam.

[0196] Aspect 7: The method of aspect 6, wherein the beam is a synchronization signal block beam or a channel state information reference signal beam.

[0197] Aspect 8: The method of any of aspects 6 through 7, further comprising: receiving data based at least in part on the first DCI trigger further indicating one or more subgroup indices, wherein one of the one or more subgroup indices correspond tothe first UE and the at least second UE based at least in part on the first UE and the at least second UE being associated with the beam.

[0198] Aspect 9: The method of any of aspects 1 through 8, further comprising: receiving a second DCI trigger that indicates a termination of the TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set; and terminating monitoring for the TRS based at least in part on reception of the second DCI trigger.

[0199] Aspect 10: The method of aspect 9, wherein the second DCI trigger indicates the termination via a bitmap, a respective bit of the bitmap corresponds to a respective candidate TRS resource set.

[0200] Aspect 11 : The method of any of aspects 1 through 8, further comprising: terminating monitoring for the TRS based at least in part on an expiration of a timer associated with the first candidate TRS resource set.

[0201] Aspect 12: The method of aspect 11, wherein the configuration information indicates a respective timer duration for each of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets or a timer duration for all of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets.

[0202] Aspect 13: The method of any of aspects 11 through 12, wherein the timer is reset based at least in part on receiving the first DCI trigger or a second DCI trigger that indicates the first candidate TRS resource set.

[0203] Aspect 14: The method of any of aspects 1 through 13, wherein the one or more candidate TRS resource sets each comprise a periodicity parameter, a time offset parameter, a TCI state parameter, or any combination thereof.

[0204] Aspect 15: The method of aspect 14, wherein the TCI state parameter corresponds to a first beam associated with the first UE.

[0205] Aspect 16: A method for wireless communications for a network entity, comprising: transmitting configuration information that indicates one or more candidate TRS resource sets for use by a first UE in an active state, wherein the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE; transmitting a first DCI trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets; and transmitting a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based at least in part on transmission of the first DCI trigger.

[0206] Aspect 17: The method of aspect 16, wherein transmitting the TRS further comprises: transmitting one or more semi-persistent TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set, wherein a periodicity of the one or more semi -persistent TRS is based at least in part on a timing offset indicated in the first DCI trigger.

[0207] Aspect 18: The method of any of aspects 16 through 17, further comprising: transmitting a second DCI trigger that indicates a second candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, wherein the first candidate TRS resource set is associated with a first beam and the second candidate TRS resource set is associated with a second beam; and transmitting a second TRS via the second candidate TRS resource set based at least in part on transmission of the second DCI trigger.

[0208] Aspect 19: The method of aspect 18, wherein a respective DCI trigger indicates a respective candidate TRS resource set of the or more candidate TRS resource sets via a bitmap, and a respective bit of the bitmap corresponds to a respective candidate TRS resource set.

[0209] Aspect 20: The method of any of aspects 16 through 19, further comprising: transmitting a second DCI trigger that indicates a second candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, wherein the first candidate TRS resource set is associated with a first periodicity parameter and the second candidate TRS resource set is associated with a second periodicity parameter; and transmitting a second TRS via the second candidate TRS resource set based at least in part on transmission of the second DCI trigger.

[0210] Aspect 21 : The method of any of aspects 16 through 20, wherein the first UE and at least a second UE are associated with a beam, and the first candidate TRS resource set is associated with the at least second UE based at least in part on the beam.

[0211] Aspect 22: The method of aspect 21, further comprising: transmitting data based at least in part on the first DCI trigger further indicating one or more subgroup indices, wherein one of the one or more subgroup indices correspond to the first UE and the at least second UE based at least in part on the first UE and the at least second UE being associated with the beam.

[0212] Aspect 23: The method of any of aspects 16 through 22, further comprising: transmitting a second DCI trigger that indicates a termination of the TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set; and terminating transmission of the TRS based at least in part on transmission of the second DCI trigger.

[0213] Aspect 24: The method of aspect 23, wherein the second DCI trigger indicates the termination via a bitmap, a respective bit of the bitmap corresponds to a respective candidate TRS resource set.

[0214] Aspect 25: The method of any of aspects 16 through 22, further comprising: terminating transmission of the TRS based at least in part on an expiration of a timer associated with the first candidate TRS resource set.

[0215] Aspect 26: The method of aspect 25, wherein the configuration information indicates a respective timer duration for each of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets or a timer duration for all of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets.

[0216] Aspect 27: The method of any of aspects 25 through 26, wherein the timer is reset based at least in part on transmitting the first DCI trigger or a second DCI trigger that indicates the first candidate TRS resource set.

[0217] Aspect 28: The method of any of aspects 16 through 27, wherein the one or more candidate TRS resource sets each comprise a periodicity parameter, a time offset parameter, a TCI state parameter, or any combination thereof.

[0218] Aspect 29: An apparatus for wireless communications for a first UE, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code, and one or more processors coupled with (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, or electrically) the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code (e.g., directly, indirectly, after pre-processing, without preprocessing) to cause the apparatus to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 15.

[0219] Aspect 30: An apparatus for wireless communications for a first UE, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 1 through 15.

[0220] Aspect 31 : A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications for a first UE, the code comprising instructions executable byone or more processors (e.g., directly, indirectly, after pre-processing, without preprocessing) to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 15.

[0221] Aspect 32: An apparatus for wireless communications for a network entity, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code, and one or more processors coupled with (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, or electrically) the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code (e.g., directly, indirectly, after pre-processing, without preprocessing) to cause the apparatus to perform a method of any of aspects 16 through 28.

[0222] Aspect 33 : An apparatus for wireless communications for a network entity, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 16 through 28.

[0223] Aspect 34: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications for a network entity, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors (e.g., directly, indirectly, after pre-processing, without pre-processing) to perform a method of any of aspects 16 through 28.

[0224] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations. The operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.

[0225] Although aspects of an LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR system may be described for purposes of example, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein are applicable beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques may be applicable to various other wireless communications systems such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, as well as other systems and radio technologies, including future systems and radio technologies, not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0226] Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referencedthroughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0227] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, a graphics processing unit (GPU), a neural processing unit (NPU), an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general -purpose processor may be a microprocessor but, in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration). Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a processor may be performed by multiple processors that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.

[0228] The functions described herein may be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, or any combination thereof. If implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored as or transmitted using one or more instructions or code of a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.

[0229] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one location to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readablemedia may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, phase change memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non- transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer or a general -purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc. Disks may reproduce data magnetically, and discs may reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a memory may be performed by multiple memories that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.

[0230] As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of’ or “one or more of’) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on.” As used herein, the term “and / or,” when used in a list of two or more items, means that any one of the listed items can be employed by itself, or any combination of two or more of the listed items can be employed. For example, if a composition is described as containing components A, B, and / or C, the composition can contain A alone; B alone; C alone; A and B incombination; A and C in combination; B and C in combination; or A, B, and C in combination.

[0231] As used herein, including in the claims, the article “a” before a noun is open- ended and understood to refer to “at least one” of those nouns or “one or more” of those nouns. Thus, the terms “a,” “at least one,” “one or more,” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. For example, if a claim recites “a component” that performs one or more functions, each of the individual functions may be performed by a single component or by any combination of multiple components. Thus, the term “a component” having characteristics or performing functions may refer to “at least one of one or more components” having a particular characteristic or performing a particular function. Subsequent reference to a component introduced with the article “a” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, a component introduced with the article “a” may be understood to mean “one or more components,” and referring to “the component” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components.” Similarly, subsequent reference to a component introduced as “one or more components” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, referring to “the one or more components” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components.”

[0232] The term “determine” or “determining” or “identify” or “identifying” encompasses a variety of actions and, therefore, “determining” or “identifying” can include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, a database or another data structure), ascertaining and the like. Also, “determining” or “identifying” can include receiving (such as receiving information or signaling, e.g., receiving information or signaling for determining, receiving information or signaling for identifying), accessing (such as accessing data in a memory, or accessing information) and the like. Also, “determining” or “identifying” can include resolving, obtaining, selecting, choosing, establishing and other such similar actions.

[0233] In the appended figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished byfollowing the reference label by a dash and a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label or other subsequent reference label.

[0234] The description set forth herein, in connection with the appended drawings, describes example configurations and does not represent all the examples that may be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term “example” used herein means “serving as an example, instance, or illustration” and not “preferred” or “advantageous over other examples.” The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. These techniques, however, may be practiced without these specific details. In some figures, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0235] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:

1. An apparatus for wireless communications at a first user equipment (UE), comprising: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the apparatus to: receive configuration information that indicates one or more candidate tracking reference signal (TRS) resource sets for use by the first UE in an active state, wherein the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE; receive a first downlink control information (DCI) trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets; and monitor for a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based at least in part on reception of the first DCI trigger.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the apparatus to: receive one or more semi -persistent TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based at least in part on monitoring for the TRS, wherein a periodicity of the one or more semi-persistent TRS is based at least in part on a timing offset indicated in the first DCI trigger.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the apparatus to: receive a second DCI trigger that indicates a second candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, wherein the first candidate TRS resource set is associated with a first beam and the second candidate TRS resource set is associated with a second beam; andmonitor for a second TRS via the second candidate TRS resource set based at least in part on reception of the second DCI trigger.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein a respective DCI trigger indicates a respective candidate TRS resource set of the or more candidate TRS resource sets via a bitmap, and wherein a respective bit of the bitmap corresponds to a respective candidate TRS resource set.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the apparatus to: receive a second DCI trigger that indicates a second candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, wherein the first candidate TRS resource set is associated with a first periodicity parameter and the second candidate TRS resource set is associated with a second periodicity parameter; and monitor for a second TRS via the second candidate TRS resource set based at least in part on reception of the second DCI trigger.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first UE and at least a second UE are associated with a beam, and wherein the first candidate TRS resource set is associated with the at least second UE based at least in part on the beam.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the beam is a synchronization signal block beam or a channel state information reference signal beam.

8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the apparatus to: receive data based at least in part on the first DCI trigger further indicating one or more subgroup indices, wherein one of the one or more subgroup indices correspond to the first UE and the at least second UE based at least in part on the first UE and the at least second UE being associated with the beam.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the apparatus to: receive a second DCI trigger that indicates a termination of the TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set; and terminate monitoring for the TRS based at least in part on reception of the second DCI trigger.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the second DCI trigger indicates the termination via a bitmap, and wherein a respective bit of the bitmap corresponds to a respective candidate TRS resource set.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the apparatus to: terminate monitoring for the TRS based at least in part on an expiration of a timer associated with the first candidate TRS resource set.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the configuration information indicates a respective timer duration for each of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets or a timer duration for all of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets.

13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the timer is reset based at least in part on receiving the first DCI trigger or a second DCI trigger that indicates the first candidate TRS resource set.

14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more candidate TRS resource sets each comprise a periodicity parameter, a time offset parameter, a transmission configuration indication state parameter, or any combination thereof.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the transmission configuration indication state parameter corresponds to a first beam associated with the first UE.

16. An apparatus for a network entity, comprising: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; andone or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the apparatus to: transmit configuration information that indicates one or more candidate tracking reference signal (TRS) resource sets for use by a first user equipment (UE) in an active state, wherein the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE; transmit a first downlink control information (DCI) trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets; and transmit a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based at least in part on transmission of the first DCI trigger.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein, to transmit the TRS, the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the apparatus to: transmit one or more semi-persistent TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set, wherein a periodicity of the one or more semi -persistent TRS is based at least in part on a timing offset indicated in the first DCI trigger.

18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the apparatus to: transmit a second DCI trigger that indicates a second candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, wherein the first candidate TRS resource set is associated with a first beam and the second candidate TRS resource set is associated with a second beam; and transmit a second TRS via the second candidate TRS resource set based at least in part on transmission of the second DCI trigger.

19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein a respective DCI trigger indicates a respective candidate TRS resource set of the or more candidate TRS resource sets via a bitmap, and wherein a respective bit of the bitmap corresponds to a respective candidate TRS resource set.

20. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the apparatus to: transmit a second DCI trigger that indicates a second candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets, wherein the first candidate TRS resource set is associated with a first periodicity parameter and the second candidate TRS resource set is associated with a second periodicity parameter; and transmit a second TRS via the second candidate TRS resource set based at least in part on transmission of the second DCI trigger.

21. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the first UE and at least a second UE are associated with a beam, and wherein the first candidate TRS resource set is associated with the at least second UE based at least in part on the beam.

22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the apparatus to: transmit data based at least in part on the first DCI trigger further indicating one or more subgroup indices, wherein one of the one or more subgroup indices correspond to the first UE and the at least second UE based at least in part on the first UE and the at least second UE being associated with the beam.

23. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the apparatus to: transmit a second DCI trigger that indicates a termination of the TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set; and terminate transmission of the TRS based at least in part on transmission of the second DCI trigger.

24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the second DCI trigger indicates the termination via a bitmap, and wherein a respective bit of the bitmap corresponds to a respective candidate TRS resource set.

25. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the apparatus to: terminate transmission of the TRS based at least in part on an expiration of a timer associated with the first candidate TRS resource set.

26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the configuration information indicates a respective timer duration for each of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets or a timer duration for all of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets.

27. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the timer is reset based at least in part on transmitting the first DCI trigger or a second DCI trigger that indicates the first candidate TRS resource set.

28. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the one or more candidate TRS resource sets each comprise a periodicity parameter, a time offset parameter, a transmission configuration indication state parameter, or any combination thereof.

29. A method for wireless communications for a first user equipment (UE), comprising: receiving configuration information that indicates one or more candidate tracking reference signal (TRS) resource sets for use by the first UE in an active state, wherein the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE; receiving a first downlink control information (DCI) trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets; and monitoring for a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based at least in part on reception of the first DCI trigger.

30. A method for wireless communications for a network entity, comprising: transmitting configuration information that indicates one or more candidate tracking reference signal (TRS) resource sets for use by a first user equipment(UE) in an active state, wherein the one or more candidate TRS resource sets are each specific to a cell associated with the first UE; transmitting a first downlink control information (DCI) trigger that indicates a first candidate TRS resource set of the one or more candidate TRS resource sets; and transmitting a TRS via the first candidate TRS resource set based at least in part on transmission of the first DCI trigger.

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