Azeotrope-like compositions comprising dichloromethane, 1h,1h,2h-heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon and use of the compositions as flash spinning agents
Azeotrope-like compositions of dichloromethane, 1H,1H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and hydrofluorocarbons address high GWP and recovery issues in flash spinning, enabling efficient and cost-effective production of plexifilamentary fibrils.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- DUPONT SAFETY & CONSTRUCTION INC
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-18
AI Technical Summary
Existing flash spinning processes using solvent mixtures for polymers face challenges with high global warming potential (GWP), complex recovery processes due to liquid phase separation, and unsuitable cloud point pressures, especially when using dichloromethane (DCM) with hydrofluorocarbons like 1H,6H-perfluorohexane or 1H-perfluorohexane.
Development of azeotrope-like compositions comprising dichloromethane, 1H,1H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and hydrofluorocarbons with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, such as 1H,1H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) or 1H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), which form homogeneous phases and provide suitable cloud point pressures for flash spinning a broad range of polymers.
The azeotrope-like compositions simplify spin agent recovery, reduce GWP, and enable flash spinning at lower temperatures, enhancing process efficiency and reducing equipment costs.
Smart Images

Figure US2025055857_18062026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] TITLE
[0002] AZEOTROPE-LIKE COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING DICHLOROMETHANE, 1 H,1 H,2H-HEPTAFLUOROCYCLOPENTANE, AND A HYDROFLUOROCARBON AND USE OF THE COMPOSITIONS AS FLASH SPINNING AGENTS
[0003] FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0004] The present invention relates to (i) azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprising dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, (ii) a spin fluid for flash spinning comprising this azeotrope-like composition and a polyolefin, and (iii) a process for the preparation of plexifilamentary fibrils of polyolefins using the spin fluid.
[0005] BACKGROUND
[0006] Flash spinning is a process for producing fibrils that involves the following steps: (i) dissolving a polymer in a composition comprising one or more solvents (often called a spin agent), at elevated temperature and pressure to form a homogeneous solution (often called a spin fluid), (ii) reducing the pressure sufficiently below the spin fluid’s cloud point pressure (i.e., the pressure at which the spin fluid transitions from a clear solution to a cloudy, two- phase dispersion), while still maintaining sufficient pressure to prevent the spin fluid from reaching its bubble point pressure (i.e., the pressure at which the spin agent in the spin fluid begins to boil), (iii) releasing the resulting dispersion continuously through one or more orifices into a lower pressure region at or near atmospheric temperature and pressure so that the spin agent flash evaporates as it emerges from the one or more orifices, (iv) collecting the polymer which remains as a stream of fibrils, e.g., plexifilamentary fibrils, and (v) recovering the evaporated spin agent for re-use. Examples of flash spinning processes are disclosed in US 3,227,794.
[0007] In a commercial flash spinning process, the spin agent’s solvent properties and physical properties are critical. In particular, the solvent properties of the spin agent determine whether and under what conditions fibrils are produced in the flash spinning process, and the spin agent’s physical properties impact the process for recovering and re-using the spin agent. The process for recovering spin agents typically involves a step in which the spin agent is condensed from the gas state to the liquid state, and it is preferred that the composition of the spin agent remains essentially constant during this step. This is inherent when spin agents comprise only one solvent but not when they comprise two or more solvents, which are often required to provide the necessary solvent properties for flash spinning the desired polymer. Accordingly, when using a spin agent that comprises two or more solvents, it is advantageous to use a composition that is azeotropic or azeotrope-like which behaves similarly to a spin agent with only one solvent.
[0008] One example of a commonly used solvent for polymers such as polyolefins is dichloromethane (DCM). However, DCM is a strong solvent for polyolefins and when mixed with polyethylene to form a spin fluid, the spin fluid fails to produce a cloud point below temperatures of about 225°C. Likewise, when DCM is mixed with polypropylene, PB-1 , or PMP to form a spin fluid, the spin fluid fails to produce a cloud point pressure at even higher temperatures. The use of DCM as a single spin agent is therefore not desirable to perform the flash spinning process at reduced temperatures following the description in US 3,227,794. Weaker solvents such as fluorinated compounds, hydrofluorocarbons, or hydrofluoroethers can be mixed with DCM to reduce the solvent strength of the spin agent and increase the spin fluid’s cloud point pressure such that flash spinning can be readily accomplished for a wider range of temperature or polymers.
[0009] WO 2016 / 200873 A1 suggests spin agent compositions of dichloromethane with 1 H,6H-perfluorohexane, 1 H-perfluorohexane, or 1 H-perfluoroheptane. However, use of such linear C6 or C7 hydrofluorocarbons in combination with DCM results in spin agents that often exhibit undesirably high global warming potential (GWP). In view of the growing concerns regarding climate change and increasing regulatory requirements, it is desirable to find suitable spin agent compositions with a lower GWP. Such spin agent composition should also form a homogeneous liquid phase at ambient temperatures and pressures, rather than a heterogeneous liquid phase where, due to low miscibility of the components of the spin agent composition, a liquid phase separation occurs. Compositions forming heterogeneous liquid phases are usually undesired since processes involving such compositions are more complex and expensive due to the liquid phase separation.
[0010] US 5,672,307 and US 5,977,237 report a flash spinning process using spin agent compositions of dichloromethane with cyclic perfluorocarbons, such as perfluoro- 1 ,2- dimethylcyclobutane and perfluoro-N-methylmorpholine, or with various fluorobutyl- or fluoropropyl-ethers. US 7,300,968 reports a flash spinning process of polyethylene using a spin agent composition of dichloromethane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane in an 80:20 or 70:30 ratio by weight which is not azeotropic or azeotrope-like. These disclosed compositions, however, complicate the spin agent recovery process since (i) many of the disclosed non- DCM components are not miscible with DCM at ambient temperatures and pressures, which results in a heterogeneous liquid phase of the non-DCM component and the DCM after condensation of the spin agent, i.e., to a liquid phase separation of the two components, and / or (ii) the disclosed compositions do not form an azeotropic or azeotrope-like composition at the specifically disclosed ratios. Where an azeotrope forms between DCM and the non-DCM component in the spin agent, it is beneficial if this is a positive azeotrope because the boiling point of the azeotrope is then lower than that of either individual component of the spin agent composition. This allows the low-pressure region into which flash spinning takes place (i.e. , the spin-cell) to be maintained at a lower temperature without risking the spin agent condensing inside it. This also reduces the need for spin-cell heating and provides a more comfortable environment for operators working near the spin-cell. On the other hand, a negative azeotrope, which has a higher boiling point than that of either individual component of the spin agent composition, could require spin-cell heating which would lead to increased equipment and operating costs.
[0011] Accordingly, there is a need for, and the present inventors have discovered, azeotrope-like compositions that (i) have a low GWP, (ii) simplify the spin agent recovery and re-use process, and (iii) provide suitable cloud point pressures for flash spinning a broad range of different polymers and blends / mixtures thereof.
[0012] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0013] In one embodiment, the invention is directed to an azeotrope-like composition comprising dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (H FC-53-12 pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p).
[0014] In one embodiment, the invention is directed to an azeotrope-like composition comprising dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H- pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc). In a further embodiment, the invention is directed to an azeotrope-like composition comprising dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc). In a further embodiment, the invention is directed to an azeotrope-like composition comprising dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane, and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee). In a further embodiment, the invention is directed to an azeotrope-like composition comprising dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC- 53-12pcccc). In a further embodiment, the invention is directed to an azeotrope-like composition comprising dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p).
[0015] In a further embodiment, the invention is directed to a spin fluid for flash spinning comprising (a) from about 6 to about 24 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and (b) a spin agent, wherein the spin agent comprises an azeotrope- like composition comprising dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H- octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane ( H FC-43- 10mee), 1 H,6H- dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p).
[0016] In a further embodiment, the invention is directed to a process for the preparation of plexifilamentary fibrils of polyolefin. The process comprises the steps of:
[0017] (i) generating a spin fluid comprising
[0018] (a) about 6 to about 24 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and
[0019] (b) a spin agent, and
[0020] (ii) flash spinning the spin fluid at a pressure that is above the vapor pressure of the spin fluid into a region of essentially atmospheric pressure to form plexifilamentary fibrils of the polyolefin, wherein the spin agent comprises an azeotrope-like composition comprising dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H- octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), 1 H,6H- dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p).
[0021] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0022] Fig. 1 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 16 wt% polyethylene (PE) and a spin agent of DCM, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) in a 75:12.5:12.5 ratio by weight.
[0023] Fig. 2 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 14 wt% polypropylene (PP) and a spin agent of DCM, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) in a 60:4:36 ratio by weight.
[0024] Fig. 3 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 10 wt% polyethylene (PE) and a spin agent of DCM, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) in a 75:22.5:2.5 ratio by weight.
[0025] Fig. 4 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 12 wt% polyethylene (PE) and a spin agent of DCM, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,6H- dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc) in a 77.5:2.25:20.25 ratio by weight. Fig. 5 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 15 wt% polyethylene (PE) and a spin agent of DCM, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane in a 80:10:10 ratio by weight.
[0026] Fig. 6 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 11 wt% polyethylene (PE) and a spin agent of DCM, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,4H- octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) in a 77.5:20.25:2.25 ratio by weight.
[0027] Fig. 7 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 9 wt% polypropylene (PP) and a spin agent of DCM, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane in a 70:5:25 ratio by weight.
[0028] Fig. 8 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 12 wt% polyethylene (PE) and a spin agent of DCM, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) in a 70:15:15 ratio by weight.
[0029] Fig. 9 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 7 wt% polyethylene (PE) and a spin agent of DCM, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,6H- dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc) in a 70:15:15 ratio by weight.
[0030] Fig. 10 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 15 wt% polybutene-1 (PB-1) and a spin agent of DCM, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc) in a 55:15:30 ratio by weight.
[0031] Fig. 11 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 14 wt% polyethylene (PE) and a spin agent of DCM, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane in a 80:10:10 ratio by weight.
[0032] Fig. 12 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 20 wt% poly(4- methyl-1-pentene) (P4M1 P) and a spin agent of DCM, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane in a 50:10:40 ratio by weight.
[0033] Fig. 13 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 24 wt% polyethylene (PE) and a spin agent of DCM, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee) in a 65:25:10 ratio by weight.
[0034] Fig. 14 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 21 wt% ethylenebutylene copolymer (EB) and a spin agent of DCM, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) in a 70:10:20 ratio by weight.
[0035] Fig. 15 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 10 wt% polypropylene (PP) and a spin agent of DCM, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) in a 60:10:30 ratio by weight.
[0036] Fig. 16 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 15 wt% polybutene-1 (PB-1) and a spin agent of DCM, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc) in a 65:10:25 ratio by weight. Fig. 17 is a diagram showing azeotrope- 1 ike compositions of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC), selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H- octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) at 40°C. The weight ratios of the three components of the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions are shown in a ternary composition diagram and lay within a region defined by a polygon having corner points A, B, C, D, E, and F.
[0037] Fig. 18 a diagram showing azeotrope-like compositions of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53- 12pcccc) at 40°C. The weight ratios of the three components of the azeotrope-like compositions are shown in a ternary composition diagram and lay within a region defined by a polygon having corner points G, H, and I.
[0038] DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0039] Definitions and Clarification of Terms
[0040] Before addressing details of embodiments, some terms and test methods are defined or clarified. Unless otherwise mentioned, all tests were carried out without preconditioning of the samples. When average values are indicated herein, this refers to the arithmetic average.
[0041] Density is determined according to the method described in ISO 1183 (Plastics - Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics).
[0042] Melting point is determined by differential scanning calorimetry, following the guidance provided in ASTM D3418 (Standard Test Method for Transition Temperatures and Enthalpies of Fusion and Crystallization of Polymers by Differential Scanning Calorimetry) and ASTM Standard F2625 (Standard Test Method for Measurement of Enthalpy of Fusion, Percent Crystallinity and Melting Point of Ultra-High-Molecular weight polyethylene by means of differential scanning calorimetry). For polyethylene, heating and cooling is performed under inert gas at a rate of 10 °C / minute, heating the sample first from room temperature to 210 °C, then cooling the sample back to room temperature and subsequently heating the sample a second time to 210 °C. The melting point reported herein is the peak temperature of the endotherm of the second heating cycle. For polypropylene and polybutene-1 the same procedure applies - where the maximum temperature is 230 °C. For poly(4-methyl-1- pentene), the same procedure applies - where the maximum temperature is 300 °C.
[0043] The melt flow rate is determined according to the method described in ISO 1133 (Plastics - Determination of the melt mass-flow rate (MFR) and the melt volume-flow rate (MVR) of thermoplastics). The melt flow rate for polyethylene is determined at a temperature of 190 °C and using a mass of 2160 grams (2.16kg), 5000 grams (5kg) or 21 ,600 grams (21.6kg). The melt flow rate for polypropylene is determined at a temperature of 230°C and using a mass of 2160 grams (2.16 kg). The melt flow rate for polybutene-1 is determined at a temperature of 190°C and using a mass of 2160 grams (2.16 kg). The melt flow rate for poly(4- methyl-1 -pentene) is determined at temperature of 260°C and a mass of 2160 grams (2.16 kg) and a mass of 5000 grams (5 kg).
[0044] The term “polymer” is intended to embrace, without limitation, homopolymers, copolymers (such as for example, block, graft, random, and alternating copolymers), terpolymers, etc., and blends and modifications thereof. Furthermore, unless otherwise specifically limited, the term “polymer” shall include all possible geometrical configurations of the material. These configurations include, but are not limited to, isotactic, syndiotactic, and random symmetries.
[0045] The term “polyethylene” is intended to embrace not only homopolymers of ethylene, but also copolymers and terpolymers, wherein at least 85% of the recurring units are ethylene units, and the comonomer unit is for example propylene, butylene, hexene or octene. One useful polyethylene is a high-density polyethylene that has a melting point of about 123 °C to about 140 °C, a density of 0.94 to 0.98 grams per cubic centimeter (ISO 1183), and a melt flow rate (ISO 1133, 190 °C / 2160 grams) of between 0.05 g / 10min and 30 g / 10min, preferably less than 4 g / 10min, and / or a melt flow rate (ISO 1133, 190 °C / 21 ,600 grams) of between 1 g / 10min and 15 g / 10min. The polyethylene may contain up to about 10 weight percent or up to about 5 weight percent of other polymers, such as other polyolefins, for example polypropylene.
[0046] The term “polypropylene” is intended to embrace not only homopolymers of propylene but also copolymers and terpolymers where at least 85% of the recurring units are propylene units. Furthermore, unless otherwise specifically limited, the term “polypropylene” shall include all possible geometrical configurations of the material. These configurations include, but are not limited to, isotactic, syndiotactic, and random symmetries. The polypropylene may contain up to about 10 weight percent or up to about 5 weight percent of other polymers, such as other polyolefins, for example polyethylene.
[0047] The term “polymer type” refers to the chemical class into which the polymer falls, for example, polyolefin, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.
[0048] The term “plexifilamentary” refers to a three-dimensional integral network or web of a multitude of thin, ribbon-like, fibrils of random length and a median fibril width of less than about 25 microns. In plexifilamentary structures, the fibrils are generally coextensively aligned with the longitudinal axis of the structure, and they intermittently unite and separate at irregular intervals in various places throughout the length, width, and thickness of the structure to form a continuous three-dimensional network or web. The terms “spin agent” or “spin agent composition” refer to a composition comprising one or more solvents and any additives that are used to initially dissolve the polymer(s) to form the spin fluid. Suitable additives include stabilizers, such as antioxidants or acid scavengers.
[0049] The term “spin fluid” refers to a solution for spinning in a flash spinning process comprising a polymer and a spin agent. The solution may also include one or more additives.
[0050] The term “dew point pressure” refers to the pressure at which, at constant temperature, liquid starts condensing from a vapor, vapor mixture, or vapor-gas mixture.
[0051] The term “bubble point pressure” refers to the pressure at which, at constant temperature, a liquid, liquid mixture, or liquid-solution begins to boil.
[0052] The term “azeotropic composition” refers to a composition comprising two or more fluids, wherein the bubble point pressure equals the dew point pressure. An azeotropic composition boils without change of the composition and behaves as a single substance.
[0053] The term “azeotrope- 1 ike composition” refers to a composition comprising two or more fluids which boils without substantial change of the composition and behaves substantially as a single substance, i.e. , where, after 50 weight percent of the composition is removed, such as by evaporation or boiling off, the difference in bubble point pressure between the original composition and the composition remaining after 50 weight percent of the original composition has been removed by evaporation or boiling off is less than 7 percent. The azeotrope-like compositions described herein are determined at a temperature of 40 °C and expressed in mass fractions.
[0054] The term “cloud point pressure” refers to the pressure at which, at constant temperature, a clear single phase spin fluid transitions from a clear solution to a cloudy, two- phase dispersion. At the cloud point pressure, a clear spin fluid becomes turbid.
[0055] Atmospheric pressure means 101.325 kPa. Essentially atmospheric pressure means 101.325 kPa ± 5 %.
[0056] As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include the plural, and reference to a particular numerical value includes at least that particular value, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. When a range of values is expressed, another embodiment includes from the one particular value and / or to the other particular value. Similarly, when values are expressed as approximations, by use of the antecedent "about," it will be understood that the particular value forms another embodiment. All ranges are inclusive and combinable.
[0057] Azeotrope-like Compositions Provided herein are azeotrope-like compositions comprising dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H- pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p).
[0058] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H- pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc). In some embodiments, the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0059] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=92 / 6 / 2 ratio by weight), point B (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=92 / 2 / 6 ratio by weight), point C (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0060] Fig. 17 illustrates an exemplary ternary composition diagram for such azeotrope-like compositions. The region within the diagram defined by a polygon having the corner points described above is shown in the diagram as (1).
[0061] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0062] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight).
[0063] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 34 / 6 ratio by weight).
[0064] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=96 / 2 / 2 ratio by weight), point H (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=65 / 33 / 2 ratio by weight), point I (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=25 / 2 / 73 ratio by weight).
[0065] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=92 / 4 / 4 ratio by weight), point H’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=65 / 31 / 4 ratio by weight), point I’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=25 / 4 / 71 ratio by weight).
[0066] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 96 weight percent, from about 60 to about 92 weight percent, or from about 62 to about 92 weight percent dichloromethane, and from about 40 to about 4 weight percent, from about 40 to about 8 weight percent, or from about 38 to about 8 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H- pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition. In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 62 to about 96 weight percent dichloromethane, and from about 4 to about 38 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H- pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is from about 2 to about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0067] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0068] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0069] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0070] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0071] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, 1 H,4H- octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc). In some embodiments, the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0072] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=92 / 6 / 2 ratio by weight), point B (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=92 / 2 / 6 ratio by weight), point C (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0073] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0074] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight).
[0075] In other embodiments the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 34 / 6 ratio by weight).
[0076] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=96 / 2 / 2 ratio by weight), point H (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=63 / 35 / 2 ratio by weight), point I (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=25 / 2 / 73 ratio by weight).
[0077] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=96 / 4 / 4 ratio by weight), point H’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=63 / 33 / 4 ratio by weight), point I’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=25 / 4 / 71 ratio by weight).
[0078] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 96 weight percent or from about 60 to about 92 weight percent dichloromethane, and from about 40 to about 4 weight percent or from about 40 to about 8 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H- octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0079] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0080] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0081] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotropelike composition.
[0082] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotropelike composition.
[0083] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee). In some embodiments, the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0084] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=92 / 6 / 2 ratio by weight), point B (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=92 / 2 / 6 ratio by weight), point C (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0085] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0086] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight).
[0087] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=60 / 34 / 6 ratio by weight).
[0088] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10m ee), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=96 / 2 / 2 ratio by weight), point H (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=63 / 35 / 2 ratio by weight), point I (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=32 / 2 / 66 ratio by weight).
[0089] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=92 / 4 / 4 ratio by weight), point H’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=63 / 33 / 4 ratio by weight), point I’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=32 / 4 / 64 ratio by weight).
[0090] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 96 weight percent or from about 60 to about 92 weight percent dichloromethane, and from about 40 to about 4 weight percent or from about 40 to about 8 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0091] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0092] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0093] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane ( H FC-43- 10mee), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0094] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0095] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,6H- dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc). In some embodiments, the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (H FC- 53- 12pcccc) totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0096] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G (DCM / HFCP / H FC-53- 12 pcccc= 96 / 2 / 2 ratio by weight), point H (DCM / HFCP / HFC-53-12pcccc=57 / 41 / 2 ratio by weight), point I (DCM / HFCP / H FC-53- 12 pcccc= 50 / 2 / 48 ratio by weight).
[0097] Fig. 18 illustrates an exemplary ternary composition diagram for such azeotrope- 1 ike compositions. The region within the diagram defined by a polygon having the corner points described above is shown in the diagram as (2).
[0098] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-53- 12 pcccc= 92 / 4 / 4 ratio by weight), point H’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-53-12pcccc=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight), point I’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-53-12pcccc=52 / 2 / 46 ratio by weight).
[0099] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-53-12pcccc=94 / 3 / 3 ratio by weight), point H” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-53- 12pcccc=70 / 26 / 4 ratio by weight), point I” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-53-12pcccc=56 / 4 / 40 ratio by weight).
[0100] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 92 weight percent dichloromethane, and from about 40 to about 8 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (H FC-53-12 pcccc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 4 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,6H- dodecafluorohexane (H FC-53- 12pcccc) is about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0101] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 92 weight percent dichloromethane, and from about 8 to about 40 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), wherein the amount of 1 H,6H- dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc) is from about 2 to about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0102] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 68 to about 96 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 32 to about 4 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,6H- dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,6H- dodecafluorohexane (H FC-53- 12pcccc) is about 2 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0103] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (H FC-53-12 pcccc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53- 12 pcccc) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0104] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p). In some embodiments, the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0105] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=92 / 6 / 2 ratio by weight), point B (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=92 / 2 / 6 ratio by weight), point C (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0106] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0107] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight).
[0108] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=60 / 34 / 6 ratio by weight).
[0109] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=96 / 2 / 2 ratio by weight), point H (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight), point I (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=40 / 2 / 58 ratio by weight).
[0110] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=92 / 4 / 4 ratio by weight), point H’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight), point I’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=40 / 4 / 56 ratio by weight).
[0111] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 96 weight percent or from about 60 to about 92 weight percent dichloromethane, and from about 40 to about 4 weight percent or from about 40 to about 8 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0112] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (H FC-52- 13p) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0113] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0114] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotropelike composition.
[0115] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotropelike composition.
[0116] The compound 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane has a reported GWP-100 (global warming potential over a 100-year period) of 231 (IPCC 2021 report). The compound dichloromethane (DCM) has a reported GWP-100 of 11.2 (IPCC 2021 report). The compound 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) has a reported GWP-100 of 914 (IPCC 2021 report). The compound 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) has a reported GWP-100 of 1119 (J. B. Burkholder et al. J. Phys. Chem. A 2020, 124, 4793-4800). The compound 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10m ee) has a reported GWP-100 of 1600 (IPCC 2021 report). While no specific data is available for 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (H FC-53- 12pcccc) and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane, values reported for similar hydrofluorocarbons with four carbon atoms allow an estimation of a GWP-100 of about 1000 for 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC- 53-12pcccc) and a GWP-100 of about 2000 for 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p).
[0117] Accordingly, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions combining the three compounds have a low global warming potential (GWP). In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions have a GWP-100 (global warming potential over a 100-year period) of less than about 1100, in other embodiments of less than about 900, in other embodiments of less than about 650, in other embodiments less than about 150, and in other embodiments less than about 110.
[0118] The azeotrope-like compositions as described herein have the advantage of being homogeneous azeotrope-like compositions. For homogenous compositions, the components of the composition at ambient temperatures and pressures form a single liquid phase. This is to be contrasted with heterogeneous compositions where the components of the composition undergo phase separation into two distinct liquid phases with different compositions. Phase separation is usually undesired since processes involving the composition are more complex and expensive. The homogeneous nature of the azeotrope-like compositions is achievable over a broad range of practical conditions including ambient pressure and temperature.
[0119] The azeotrope-like compositions are useful in a wide range of applications. In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions are used as spin agents for flash spinning, in other embodiments as cleaning agents, and in other embodiments as solvents. Spin Agents and Spin Fluids for Flash Spinning
[0120] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions are spin agents within spin fluids for flash spinning. In some embodiments, the spin fluid comprises (a) from about 6 to about 24 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and (b) a spin agent, wherein the spin agent comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of the azeotrope-like composition of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H- octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), 1 H,6H- dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p).
[0121] In other embodiments, the spin fluid comprises (a) from about 6 to about 20 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and (b) a spin agent, wherein the spin agent comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of the azeotrope-like composition of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H- octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), 1 H,6H- dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p). In other embodiments, the spin fluid comprises (a) from about 8 to about 20 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and (b) a spin agent, wherein the spin agent comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of the azeotrope-like composition of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane ( H FC-43- 10mee), 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (H FC-53-12 pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p). In other embodiments, the spin fluid comprises (a) from about 8 to about 16 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and (b) a spin agent, wherein the spin agent comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H- pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p). In other embodiments, the spin fluid comprises (a) from about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and (b) a spin agent, wherein the spin agent comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H- pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p).
[0122] In some embodiments, the spin fluid comprises from about 76 to about 94 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid. In some embodiments, the spin fluid comprises from about 80 to about 94 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, in other embodiments from about 80 to about 92 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, in other embodiments from about 84 to about 92 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and in other embodiments from about 86 to about 92 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid.
[0123] In some embodiments, the spin agent comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope-like composition as defined in the following.
[0124] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H- pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc). In some embodiments, the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0125] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0126] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight).
[0127] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 34 / 6 ratio by weight).
[0128] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0129] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0130] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0131] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0132] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,4H- octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc). In some embodiments, the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0133] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0134] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight).
[0135] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 34 / 6 ratio by weight).
[0136] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0137] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0138] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotropelike composition.
[0139] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotropelike composition.
[0140] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee). In some embodiments, the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0141] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0142] In other embodiments, the weight ratio of the three components is within a region in a ternary composition diagram with the three components as respective apexes surrounded by a figure subsequently passing through the following points: point A” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-43- 10mee=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-43- 10mee=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight).
[0143] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-43- 10mee=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-43- 10mee=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-43- 10mee=60 / 34 / 6 ratio by weight). In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0144] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0145] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane ( H FC-43- 10mee), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0146] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane ( H FC-43- 10mee), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0147] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,6H- dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc). In some embodiments, the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC- 53-12pcccc) totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0148] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (H FC-53- 12pcccc) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0149] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p). In some embodiments, the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0150] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0151] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight).
[0152] In other embodiments the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=60 / 36 / 6 ratio by weight).
[0153] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0154] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0155] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotropelike composition.
[0156] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotropelike composition.
[0157] The spin fluid may include additives, such as antioxidants or acid scavengers, minor amounts, provided that their presence does not interfere with the azeotrope-like nature of the compositions of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms described herein. In some embodiments, the spin fluid comprises additives in an amount of about 1.5 weight percent or less of the total amount of the spin agent, and in other embodiments in an amount of about 0.1 weight percent or less of the total amount of the spin agent.
[0158] The spin agent can be used for a broad range of different polyolefins and blends / mixtures thereof.
[0159] In some embodiments, polyolefins are polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polybutene-1 (PB-1), poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) (P4M1 P), and blends / mixtures thereof. In other embodiments, the polyolefins are blends comprising polyethylene, blends comprising polypropylene, blends comprising polybutene-1 , or blends comprising poly(4-methyl-1- pentene). Particularly preferred polyolefins are polyethylene (PE), in particular high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and blends / mixtures of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and low- density polyethylene (LDPE), in particular linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE). In some embodiments, the polyolefin is a high-density polyethylene (HDPE).
[0160] In some embodiments, the spin fluid comprises about 6 to about 24 weight percent, or about 6 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 16 weight percent, or about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polyethylene, or a blend comprising polyethylene, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and a spin agent, wherein the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope- 1 ike composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of (1) 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane and (2) a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane ( H FC-43- 10mee), 1 H,6H- dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent and the minimum amount of the hydrofluorocarbon is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the spin agent. In some embodiments, the spin fluid comprises about 6 to about 24 weight percent, or about 6 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 16 weight percent, or about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polyethylene, or a blend comprising polyethylene, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and a spin agent, wherein the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists of from about 65 to about 80 weight percent, or from about 65 to about 75 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 35 to about 20 weight percent, or from about 35 to about 25 weight percent of a combination of (1) 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and (2) a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane ( H FC-43- 10mee), 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (H FC-53-12 pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the amount of the hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms is 15 weight percent or less, 10 weight percent or less, or 5 weight percent or less, or 2 weight percent or less, based on the total amount of the spin agent.
[0161] In some embodiments, the spin fluid comprises about 6 to about 24 weight percent, or about 6 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 16 weight percent, or about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polypropylene, a polybutene-1 , or a poly(4-methyl-1 -pentene), or a blend comprising polypropylene, polybutene-1 , or poly(4- methyl-1-pentene), based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and a spin agent, wherein the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope- 1 ike composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of (1) 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane and (2) a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane ( H FC-43- 10mee), and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, or about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent and the minimum amount of the hydrofluorocarbon is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the spin agent.
[0162] In some embodiments, the polymer in the spin fluid is a polyolefin, and the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope-like composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane ( H FC-43- 10mee), 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (H FC-53- 12 pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) as summarized in the below Table 1. In some embodiments, the spin fluids comprise the polyolefins discussed above in combination with spin agent components in the concentrations shown below. Table 1 : Spin fluid / spin agent compositions
[0163] *1)HFCP is 1 H, 1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, *2)HFC-365mfc is 1 H,1 H, 1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane, *3)HFC-338pcc is 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane, *4)HFC-43-10mee is 2H,3H-decafluoropentane, *5)HFC-53-12pcccc is 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane, *6)HFC-52-13p is 1 H-tridecafluorohexane In some embodiments, the spin fluid comprising the azeotrope-like composition as described herein exhibits a cloud point pressure of about 45 to about 300 bar, in other embodiments of about 50 to about 300 bar, and in other embodiments of about 70 to about 300 bar. In some embodiments, the spin fluid comprising the azeotrope-like composition as described herein exhibits a cloud point pressure of about 45 to about 250 bar, in other embodiments of about 50 to about 250 bar, and in other embodiments of about 70 to about 250 bar. In some embodiments, the spin fluid comprising the azeotrope-like composition as described herein exhibits a cloud point pressure of about 45 to about 200 bar, in other embodiments of about 50 to about 200 bar, and in other embodiments of about 70 to about 200 bar. The flash spinning process must take place at an operating pressure below the spin fluid’s cloud point pressure but above the spin fluid’s bubble point pressure. If the pressure becomes lower than the spin fluid’s bubble point pressure, premature and unwanted boiling occurs. If the cloud point pressure is above about 300 bar, the flash spinning equipment must be built to withstand very high pressure which increases costs and operational constraints.
[0164] When used as a spin agent, the use of the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions described herein in spin fluids simplifies the recovery process. During condensation of an azeotrope-like composition into a liquid, there is no substantial change in the composition of the spin agent.
[0165] Preparation of Plexifilamentary Fibrils of Polymer
[0166] In some embodiments, there is provided a process for the preparation of plexifilamentary fibrils of polyolefin. The process comprises the steps of:
[0167] (i) generating a spin fluid comprising
[0168] (a) from about 6 to about 24 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and
[0169] (b) a spin agent, and
[0170] (ii) flash spinning the spin fluid at a pressure that above the vapor pressure of the spin fluid into a region of essentially atmospheric pressure to form plexifilamentary fibrils of the polymer, wherein the spin agent comprises or consists essentially of an azeotropelike composition comprising dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H- pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p).
[0171] In some embodiments, the flash-spinning is performed at a pressure of about 45 to about 300 bar, in other embodiments of about 50 to about 300 bar, or in other embodiments of about 70 to about 300 bar. In some embodiments, the flash-spinning is performed at a pressure of about 45 to about 250 bar, in other embodiments of about 50 to about 250 bar, and in other embodiments of about 70 to about 250 bar. In some embodiments, the flashspinning is performed at a pressure of about 45 to about 200 bar, in other embodiments of about 50 to about 200 bar, and in other embodiments of about 70 to about 200 bar. The region of lower pressure into which flash spinning occurs is usually at or around atmospheric pressure.
[0172] In some embodiments, the spin fluid comprises (a) from about 6 to about 20 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and (b) a spin agent, wherein the spin agent comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of the azeotrope-like composition of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H- octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), 1 H,6H- dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p). In other embodiments, the spin fluid comprises (a) from about 8 to about 20 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and (b) a spin agent, wherein the spin agent comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p). In other embodiments, the spin fluid comprises (a) from about 8 to about 16 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and (b) a spin agent, wherein the spin agent comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H- pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (H FC-52- 13p). In other embodiments, the spin fluid comprises (a) from about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and (b) a spin agent, wherein the spin agent comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H- pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p).
[0173] In some embodiments, the spin fluid comprises from about 76 to about 94 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid. In some embodiments, the spin fluid comprises from about 80 to about 94 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, in other embodiments from about 80 to about 92 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, in other embodiments from about 84 to about 92 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and in other embodiments from about 86 to about 92 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid.
[0174] In some embodiments, the spin agent comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope-like composition as defined in the following.
[0175] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H- pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc). In some embodiments, the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0176] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0177] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight).
[0178] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 34 / 6 ratio by weight).
[0179] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0180] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0181] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0182] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0183] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,4H- octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc). In some embodiments, the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0184] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0185] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight).
[0186] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 34 / 6 ratio by weight).
[0187] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0188] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0189] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotropelike composition.
[0190] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotropelike composition.
[0191] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee). In some embodiments, the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0192] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0193] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight).
[0194] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=60 / 34 / 6 ratio by weight).
[0195] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0196] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0197] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0198] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0199] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,6H- dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc). In some embodiments, the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (H FC- 53- 12pcccc) totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0200] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (H FC-53-12 pcccc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53- 12 pcccc) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0201] In some embodiments, the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p). In some embodiments, the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0202] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0203] In other embodiments, the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight).
[0204] In other embodiments the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 36 / 6 ratio by weight).
[0205] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition. In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0206] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotropelike composition.
[0207] In some embodiments, the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotropelike composition.
[0208] The spin fluid may include additives, such as antioxidants or acid scavengers, minor amounts, provided that their presence does not interfere with the azeotrope- 1 ike nature of the compositions of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms described herein. In some embodiments, the spin fluid comprises additives in an amount of about 1.5 weight percent or less of the total amount of the spin agent, and in other embodiments in an amount of about 0.1 weight percent or less of the total amount of the spin agent.
[0209] The spin agent can be used for a broad range of different polyolefins and blends / mixtures thereof.
[0210] In some embodiments, polyolefins are polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polybutene-1 (PB-1), poly(4-methyl-1 -pentene) (P4M1 P), and blends / mixtures thereof. In other embodiments, the polyolefins are blends comprising polyethylene, blends comprising polypropylene, blends comprising polybutene-1 , or blends comprising poly(4-methyl-1- pentene). Particularly preferred polyolefins are polyethylene (PE), in particular high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and blends / mixtures of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and low- density polyethylene (LDPE), in particular linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE). In some embodiments, the polyolefin is a high-density polyethylene (HDPE).
[0211] In some embodiments, the spin fluid comprises about 6 to about 24 weight percent, or about 6 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 16 weight percent, or about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polyethylene, or a blend comprising polyethylene, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and a spin agent, wherein the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope- 1 ike composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of (1) 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane and (2) a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane ( H FC-43- 10mee), 1 H,6H- dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent and the minimum amount of the hydrofluorocarbon is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the spin agent.
[0212] In some embodiments, the spin fluid comprises about 6 to about 24 weight percent, or about 6 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 16 weight percent, or about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polypropylene, a polybutene- 1 , or a poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), or a blend comprising polypropylene, polybutene-1 , or poly(4- methyl-1-pentene), based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and a spin agent, wherein the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope-like composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of (1) 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane and (2) a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane ( H FC-43- 10mee), and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, or about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent and the minimum amount of the hydrofluorocarbon is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the spin agent.
[0213] In some embodiments, the polymer in the spin fluid is a polyolefin, and the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope-like composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane ( H FC-43- 10mee), 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (H FC-53-12 pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) in concentrations as summarized in the above Table 1. In some embodiments, the spin fluids comprise the polyolefins in combination with spin agent components in the concentrations shown above.
[0214] In some embodiments, there is provided plexifilamentary fibrils of polyolefin obtainable by the process described herein.
[0215] The shape of the assembly of plexifilamentary fibrils of polyolefin discharged from each spin orifice may be modified by any methods known in the art. In some embodiments, the plexifilamentary fibrils of polyolefin discharged from each spin orifice may be modified by passing into a shroud such as described on US 3,387,326, in other embodiments by passing into a slotted outlet such as described in US 3,467,744 or US 5,788,993, and in other embodiments passing into a slot fan jet as described in US 8,114,325. In some embodiments, streams of fibrils from multiple orifices may exit via a common slot as described in US 3,564,088.
[0216] Preparation of Sheets of Nonwoven Flash-spun Plexifilamentary Fibrils by Collection, Consolidation, Bonding, Softening, and Articles Made from Sheets of Nonwoven Flash-spun Plexifilamentary Fibrils
[0217] Sheets comprising plexifilamentary fibrils of polyolefin can be formed by any method known in the art. In some embodiments, the stream of fibrils discharged from each spin orifice is directed towards a deflector device which alternately directs the stream of fibrils to the left and right onto a moving collecting device such that the fibrils accumulate in the form of a collected sheet of nonwoven flash-spun plexifilamentary fibrils, formed from fibrils oriented in an overlapping, multi-directional configuration. Deflection of the stream of fibrils may be achieved by any suitable means known in the art, including, but not limited to, those described in US 3,277,526 and US 3,387,326, US 3,169,899, US 3,497,918, US 3,456,156, US 3,593,074, US 3,851 ,023 and US 3,860,369, US 4,148,595, US 5,045,258, US 5,643,524, US 5,731 ,011 , US 5,750,152 and WO92 / 20511. The stream of fibrils may also be laid down to form a collected sheet of nonwoven flash-spun plexifilamentary fibrils without deflection as described in US 5,788,993 and US 8,114,325. The method of forming a collected sheet of nonwoven flash-spun plexifilamentary fibrils may further utilize structures in the spin cell such as those described in US 5,123,983, US 5,296,172, and WO92 / 20511. In some embodiments, the streams of fibrils are discharged from spin orifices located on a rotating support, and the fibrils are collected on a collecting belt which surrounds the rotating arrangement circumferentially as described in US 7,118,698, US 7,621 ,731 , US 7,786,034, and US 7,998,388.
[0218] In some embodiments, the collected sheet of nonwoven flash-spun plexifilamentary fibrils formed by flash-spinning as described herein may be consolidated by applying a small amount of pressure to the sheet to form a consolidated sheet of nonwoven flash-spun plexifilamentary fibrils. In some embodiments, the sheet may be passed under a roller which applies pressure to the sheet to form a consolidated sheet.
[0219] In some embodiments, a consolidated sheet as described herein is subjected to thermal or mechanical bonding as known in the art to form a thermally or mechanically bonded sheet. Bonding may also be achieved by impregnation of a consolidated sheet with a chemical bonding agent, either throughout the entire sheet, or at isolated points distributed over the sheet, or pattern-wise.
[0220] In some embodiments, the bonded sheet is subjected to a mechanical softening process to obtain a softened sheet of nonwoven flash-spun plexifilamentary fibrils.
[0221] In some embodiments, an antistatic treatment is applied to the bonded or softened sheet. In some embodiments, the antistatic treatment is applied by applying a coating composition comprising an antistatic compound.
[0222] Further embodiments relate to a multilayer structure comprising at least one sheet of nonwoven flash-spun plexifilamentary fibrils as described herein, and at least one further sheet or a film. In some embodiments, the sheet of nonwoven flash-spun plexifilamentary fibrils as described herein is a collected sheet, a consolidated sheet, a bonded sheet, or a softened sheet.
[0223] The sheet of nonwoven flash-spun plexifilamentary fibrils as described herein has many uses and may be used in a variety of articles and applications, including, but not limited to, multilayer structures, garments (including, but not limited to, protective apparel), house wrap, roof lining, car covers, medical and non-medical packaging, filtration media, print media, tags and labels, and accessories.
[0224] EXAMPLES
[0225] A study has been performed for the phase behavior and flash spinning of polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-butylene copolymer, polybutene-1, and poly(4-methyl-1 -pentene) for azeotrope- 1 ike compositions. The experimental procedure and results are provided below. These examples are given to illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and should not be interpreted as limiting in any way. Materials Used
[0226] Dichloromethane (DCM), CAS Nr. of 75-09-2 has an atmospheric boiling point of 39.6 °C and a molecular weight of 84.93 g / mol. The dichloromethane used had a purity level above 99.5 percent by weight.
[0227] 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP, also known as 1 , 1 ,2, 2, 3,3,4- heptafluorocyclopentane), CAS Number 15290-77-4, has a melting point of 21 °C, an atmospheric boiling point of 82.5 °C, and a molecular weight of 196.07 g / mol. The 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane used had a purity level above 99 percent by weight.
[0228] 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), CAS No. 406-58-6, has an atmospheric boiling point of 41 °C and a molecular weight of 148.04 g / mol. The 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane used had a purity level above 99.5 percent by weight.
[0229] 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), CAS No. 377-36-6, has an atmospheric boiling point of 45 °C and a molecular weight of 202.05 g / mol. The 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane used had a purity level above 98 percent by weight.
[0230] 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), CAS Nr. 138495-42-8, has an atmospheric boiling point of 55 °C and a molecular weight of 252.05 g / mol. The 2H,3H- decafluoropentane used had a purity level above 99.5 percent by weight.
[0231] 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (H FC-53- 12pcccc, also known as 1 H,6H- perfluorohexane), CAS No. 336-07-2, has an atmospheric boiling point of 93 °C and a molecular weight of 302 g / mol. The 1 H, 6H-dodecafluorohexane used had a purity level above 97 percent by weight.
[0232] 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p, also known as 1 H-perfluorohexane), CAS No. 355-37-3, has an atmospheric boiling point of 72 °C and a molecular weight of 320 g / mol. The 1 H-tridecafluorohexane used had a purity level above 98 percent by weight.
[0233] Different polyethylene grades are used
[0234] Polyethylene A, PE-A, is a polyethylene with a density of 0.953 g / cm3(ISO 1183)and a melt flow rate of 9 g / 10min (ISO 1133 - 190 °C / 21.6kg).
[0235] Polyethylene B, PE-B, is a polyethylene with a density of 0.963 g / cm3(ISO 1183) and a melt flow rate of 0.72 g / 10 min (ISO 1133 - 190 °C / 2.16 kg).
[0236] Polyethylene C, PE-C, is a polyethylene with a density above 0.954 g / cm3(ISO 1183) and a melt flow rate of 0.74 g / 10 min (ISO 1133 - 190 °C / 2.16kg).
[0237] Polyethylene D, PE-D, is a polyethylene with a density of 0.96 g / cm3(ISO 1183) and a melt flow rate of 1.2 g / 10 min (ISO 1133 - 190 °C / 2.16 kg).
[0238] Polyethylene E, PE-E, is a polyethylene with a density of density of 0.96 g / cm3(ISO 1183) and a melt flow rate of 0.9 g / 10 min (ISO 1133 - 190 °C / 2.16 kg). Polyethylene F, PE-F, is a polyethylene with a density of 0.957 g / cm3(ISO 1183) and melt flow rates of 0.27 g / 10 min (ISO 1133 - 190 °C / 2.16 kg) and of 22 g / 10 min (ISO 1133 - 190 °C / 21.6 kg).
[0239] Ethylene-butylene copolymer has a density of 0.936 g / cm3(ISO 1183) and a melt flow rate of 1.8 g / 10 min (ISO 1133 - 190 °C / 2.16 kg).
[0240] Ethylene-hexene copolymer has a density of 0.934 g / cm3(ISO 1183) and a melt flow rate of 0.9 g / 10 min (ISO 1133 - 190 °C / 2.16 kg)
[0241] Polypropylene is an isotactic polypropylene with a melt flow rate of 4.2 g / 10 min (ISO 1133 - 230 °C / 2.16 kg) and a melting point of 163 °C.
[0242] Polybutene-1 , PB-1 , has a density of 0.915 g / cm3 (ISO 1183) and a melt flow rate of 4.0 g / 10min (ISO 1133 - 190 °C, 2.16 kg).
[0243] Poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), P4M1 P, has a melting point of 233 °C and melt flow rates of 5 g / 10 min (ISO 1133 - 260 °C / 2.16kg) and of 23 g / 10 min (ISO 1133 - 260 °C / 5kg).
[0244] All polymers used were dried during a minimum of 8 hours in a vacuum oven at about 45-50 °C before use.
[0245] Spinning Equipment
[0246] The apparatus used consisted of two high pressure cylindrical chambers, each equipped with a piston which was adapted to apply pressure to the contents of the vessel. The cylinders had an inside diameter of 1.0 inch (25.4 mm) and each had an internal capacity of 50 cubic centimeters. The cylinders were connected to each other at one end through a 3 / 32 inch (2.3 mm) diameter channel and a mixing chamber containing a series of fine mesh screens was used as a static mixer. In the channel, a Type J thermocouple was in contact with the spin fluid to record the temperature. Mixing was accomplished by forcing the contents of the vessel back and forth between the two cylinders through the static mixer. A spinneret assembly with a quick-acting means for opening the orifice was attached to the channel through a tee. The spinneret assembly consisted of a lead hole with a diameter of 0.25 inch (6.3 mm) and a length of about 2.0 inch (50.8 mm), and a spinneret orifice with a diameter of 0.030 inch (0.762 mm) and a length of 0.030 inch (0.762 mm). A pressure transmitter calibrated at the spin temperature was mounted in the lead hole to measure the pressure of the spin fluid. The pistons were driven by a high-pressure hydraulic system.
[0247] In operation, the apparatus was charged with polymer pellets and spin agent and a pressure of at least 50 bar was applied to the pistons to compress the charge and avoid the spin fluid from boiling during subsequent heating. The contents were then heated to mixing temperature and held at that temperature for about 30 to 45 minutes during which time a differential pressure was alternatively established between the two cylinders to repeatedly force the contents through the mixing channel from one cylinder to the other to provide mixing and effective formation of a spin fluid. The spin fluid temperature was then increased to the final spin temperature and held there for about 10 to 20 minutes to equilibrate. The pressure of the spin fluid was kept above the cloud point pressure during mixing and during the increase in temperature from the mixing temperature to the spin temperature. Mixing was continued throughout this period. At the end of the mixing cycle, the accumulator was set to the pressure desired for spinning. Next, the valve between the accumulator and the twin piston assembly was opened to reduce the pressure of the spin fluid to the desired spin pressure, and about two to five seconds later, the spinneret orifice was opened to release the spin fluid into conditions of atmospheric pressure. The delay of about two to five seconds corresponds to the residence time in the letdown chamber in a continuous spinning process. The resultant stream of flash-spun fibrils was collected in a stainless-steel open mesh screen basket. During spinning, the spin pressure was recorded just upstream of the spinneret.
[0248] For cloud point pressure determination, the spinneret assembly was replaced with a view cell assembly containing a 1 / 2 inch (12.3 mm) diameter high-pressure sight glass, through which the contents of the cell could be viewed as they flow through the channel. The window was lit by means of a fiber optic light guide, while the view through the sight glass was displayed using a digital camera. In the cell, a Type J thermocouple was located about 5 mm behind the high-pressure sight glass. The Type J thermocouple and a pressure measuring device located in close proximity to the window measured the pressure and temperature inside the view cell behind the sight glass and the pressure and temperature were continuously monitored by a computer. When, after a period of mixing, a clear, homogeneous spin fluid was established, the temperature was held constant and the differential pressure applied to the pistons was equalized so that the pistons stopped moving. Then, the pressure applied to the spin fluid in the view cell was gradually decreased until phase separation was observed through the sight glass, as the initially clear, homogeneous spin fluid became cloudy in appearance. The temperature and pressure were recorded when the thermocouple became no longer visible. This pressure was the phase separation pressure or cloud point pressure for that spin fluid at that temperature. The pressure was then increased until the spin fluid returned to its transparent state, i.e., until the insoluble phase redissolved, and in this way, two or three repeat cloud point measurements could be made at an approximately constant temperature. Once this data was recorded, mixing was resumed while the spin fluid was heated to the next temperature at which the cloud point pressure was to be measured.
[0249] Results
[0250] Example 1: Cloud point pressure study of polyethylene Figure 1 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 16 wt% polyethylene B and a spin agent of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane in a 75:12.5:12.5 ratio by weight. This spin fluid comprising 16 wt% polyethylene was found to show a cloud point pressure curve suitable for flash spinning. The bubble point pressure difference (%) of this spin agent is 5.1%.
[0251] Example 2: Cloud point pressure study of polypropylene
[0252] Figure 2 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 14 wt% polypropylene and a spin agent of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane in a 60:4:36 ratio by weight. This spin fluid comprising 14 wt% polypropylene was found to show a cloud point pressure curve suitable for flash spinning. The bubble point pressure difference (%) of this spin agent is 1.8%.
[0253] Example 3: Cloud point pressure study of polyethylene
[0254] Figure 3 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 10 wt% polyethylene B and a spin agent of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane in a 75:22.5:2.5 ratio by weight. This spin fluid comprising 10 wt% polyethylene was found to show a cloud point pressure curve suitable for flash spinning. The bubble point pressure difference (%) for this spin agent is 3.0 %.
[0255] Example 4: Cloud point pressure study of polyethylene
[0256] Figure 4 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 12 wt% polyethylene A and a spin agent of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane in a 77.5:2.25:20.25 ratio by weight. This spin fluid comprising 12 wt% polyethylene was found to show a cloud point pressure curve suitable for flash spinning. The bubble point pressure difference (%) for this spin agent is 0.4%.
[0257] Example 5: Cloud point pressure study of polyethylene
[0258] Figure 5 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 15 wt% polyethylene A and a spin agent of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane in a 80:10:10 ratio by weight. This spin fluid comprising 15 wt% polyethylene was found to show a cloud point pressure curve suitable for flash spinning. The bubble point pressure difference (%) for this spin agent is 4.8%. Example 6: Cloud point pressure study of polyethylene
[0259] Figure 6 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 11 wt% polyethylene A and a spin agent of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane in a 77.5:20.25:2.25 ratio by weight. This spin fluid comprising 11 wt% polyethylene was found to show a cloud point pressure curve suitable for flash spinning. The bubble point pressure difference (%) for this spin agent is 2.3%.
[0260] Example 7: Cloud point pressure study of polypropylene
[0261] Figure 7 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 9 wt% polypropylene and a spin agent of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane in a 70:5:25 ratio by weight. This spin fluid comprising 9 wt% polypropylene was found to show a cloud point pressure curve suitable for flash spinning. The bubble point pressure difference (%) for this spin agent is 3.0%.
[0262] Example 8: Cloud point pressure study of polyethylene
[0263] Figure 8 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 12 wt% polyethylene C and a spin agent of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 ,1 ,1 ,3,3-pentafluorobutane in a 70:15:15 ratio by weight. This spin fluid comprising 12 wt% polyethylene was found to show a cloud point pressure curve suitable for flash spinning. The bubble point pressure difference (%) for this spin agent is 3.8%.
[0264] Example 9: Cloud point pressure study of polyethylene
[0265] Figure 9 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 7 wt% polyethylene C and a spin agent of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane in a 70:15:15 ratio by weight. This spin fluid comprising 7 wt% polyethylene was found to show a cloud point pressure curve suitable for flash spinning. The bubble point pressure difference (%) for this spin agent is 1.7%.
[0266] Example 10: Cloud point pressure study of polybutene-1
[0267] Figure 10 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 15 wt% polybutene-1 and a spin agent of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane in a 55:15:30 ratio by weight. This spin fluid comprising 15 wt% polybutene-1 was found to show a cloud point pressure curve suitable for flash spinning. The bubble point pressure difference (%) for this spin agent is 4.5%. Example 11: Cloud point pressure study of polyethylene
[0268] Figure 11 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 14 wt% polyethylene D and a spin agent of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane in a 80:10:10 ratio by weight. This spin fluid comprising 14 wt% polyethylene was found to show a cloud point pressure curve suitable for flash spinning. The bubble point pressure difference (%) for this spin agent is 4.8%.
[0269] Example 12: Cloud point pressure study of poly(4-methyl-1 -pentene)
[0270] Figure 12 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 20 wt% poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) and a spin agent of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane in a 50:10:40 ratio by weight. This spin fluid comprising 20 wt% poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) was found to show a cloud point pressure curve suitable for flash spinning. The bubble point pressure difference (%) for this spin agent is 2.2%.
[0271] Example 13: Cloud point pressure study of polyethylene
[0272] Figure 13 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 24 wt% polyethylene D and a spin agent of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane in a 65:25:10 ratio by weight. This spin fluid comprising 24 wt% polyethylene was found to show a cloud point pressure curve suitable for flash spinning. The bubble point pressure difference (%) for this spin agent is 5.1%.
[0273] Example 14: Cloud point pressure study of ethylene-butylene copolymer
[0274] Figure 14 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 21 wt% ethylene-butylene copolymer and a spin agent of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane in a 70:10:20 ratio by weight. This spin fluid comprising 21 wt% ethylene-butylene copolymer was found to show a cloud point pressure curve suitable for flash spinning. The bubble point pressure difference (%) for this spin agent is 4.9%.
[0275] Example 15: Cloud point pressure study of polypropylene
[0276] Figure 15 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 10 wt% polypropylene and a spin agent of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 ,1 ,1 ,3,3-pentafluorobutane in a 60:10:30 ratio by weight. This spin fluid comprising 10 wt% isotactic polypropylene was found to show a cloud point pressure curve suitable for flash spinning. The bubble point pressure difference (%) for this spin agent is 3.1%.
[0277] Example 16: Cloud point pressure study of polybutene-1
[0278] Figure 16 shows the cloud point pressure curve of a spin fluid comprising 15 wt% polybutene-1 and a spin agent of dichloromethane, 1H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1H,6H-dodecafluorohexane in a 65:10:25 ratio by weight. This spin fluid comprising 15 wt% polybutene-1 was found to show a cloud point pressure curve suitable for flash spinning. The bubble point pressure difference (%) for this spin agent is 1.8%.
[0279] Examples F-1 to F-18: Flash spinning experiments
[0280] Flash spinning was performed on the equipment described above. The spin agent composition, polymer type, polymer concentration, spin temperature, and spin pressure are summarized in below tables.
[0281] Table 2: Summary of the flash spinning
[0282] * 1 H, 1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane,
[0283] ** assuming a GWP of 11.2 for the dichloromethane, a GWP of about 231 for the 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane, a GWP of about 1600 for the HFC-43-10mee, a GWP of about 1119 forthe HFC-338pcc, a GWP of about 914 for the HFC-365mfc, and a GWP of about 2000 for the HFC-52-13p Table 3: Summary of the flash spinning
[0284] * 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, ** 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane
[0285] *** assuming a GWP of 11.2 for the dichloromethane, a GWP of about 231 for the 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane, a GWP of about 1600 for the HFC-43-10mee, a GWP of about 1119 forthe HFC-338pcc, a GWP of about 1000 for theHFC-53-12pcccc, and a GWP of about 2000 for the HFC-52-13p
[0286] **** ethylene-butylene copolymer
[0287] Table 4: Summary of the flash spinning
[0288] * 1 H, 1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, ** 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane
[0289] *** assuming a GWP of 11.2 for the dichloromethane, a GWP of about 231 for the 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane, a GWP of about 1600 for the HFC-43-10mee, a GWP of about 1119 forthe HFC-338pcc, a GWP of about 1000 for theHFC-53-12pcccc, a GWP of about 2000 for the HFC-52-13p, and a GWP of about 914 for the HFC-365mfc
[0290] **** ethylene-hexene copolymer
[0291] The azeotrope-like compositions exhibit a desirably low GWP value of less than 600 or less than 260, or even less than 200. This makes these compositions suitable as replacements for currently used spin agents.
[0292] In addition, the above examples illustrate that the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions can be used as a spin agent for the flash spinning process of different polyolefins, including copolymers and blends, and for different polymer concentrations, spin temperatures, and spin pressures. This allows an efficient preparation of plexifilamentary fibrils of polyolefins.
[0293] OTHER EMBODIMENTS
[0294] 1. In some embodiments, the present application provides an azeotrope-like composition comprising dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p).
[0295] 2. The azeotrope-like composition of embodiment 1 , wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC- 365mfc), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=92 / 6 / 2 ratio by weight), point B (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=92 / 2 / 6 ratio by weight), point C (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0296] 3. The azeotrope-like composition of embodiment 2, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,1H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC- 365mfc), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0297] 4. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiment 2 or 3, wherein the azeotropelike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,1H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC- 365mfc), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight).
[0298] 5. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 2 to 4, wherein the azeotropelike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1H,1H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC- 365mfc), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 36 / 6 ratio by weight).
[0299] 6. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 2 to 5, wherein the azeotropelike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC- 365mfc), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=96 / 2 / 2 ratio by weight), point H (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=65 / 33 / 2 ratio by weight), point I (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=25 / 2 / 73 ratio by weight).
[0300] 7. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 2 to 6, wherein the azeotropelike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC- 365mfc), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=92 / 4 / 4 ratio by weight), point H’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=65 / 31 / 4 ratio by weight), point I’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=25 / 4 / 71 ratio by weight).
[0301] 8. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 2 to 7, wherein the azeotropelike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 60 to about 96 weight percent, from about 60 to about 92 weight percent, or from about 62 to about 92 weight percent dichloromethane, and from about 40 to about 4 weight percent, from about 40 to about 8 weight percent, or from about 38 to about 8 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC- 365mfc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0302] 9. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 2 to 8, wherein the azeotropelike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 62 to about 96 weight percent dichloromethane, and from about 4 to about 38 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC- 365mfc), wherein the amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is from about 2 to about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0303] 10. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 2 to 9, wherein the azeotropelike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotropelike composition.
[0304] 11 . The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 2 to 10, wherein the azeotropelike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H- pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0305] 12. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 2 to 11 , wherein the azeotropelike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0306] 13. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 2 to 12, wherein the azeotropelike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0307] 14. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 2 to 13, wherein the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H- pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0308] 15. The azeotrope-like composition of embodiment 1 , wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=92 / 6 / 2 ratio by weight), point B (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=92 / 2 / 6 ratio by weight), point C (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0309] 16. The azeotrope-like composition of embodiment 14, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), ad wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0310] 17. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiment 15 or 16, wherein the azeotropelike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight).
[0311] 18. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 15 to 17, wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC- 338pcc), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 36 / 6 ratio by weight).
[0312] 19. The azeotrope- 1 ike composition of any of embodiments 15 to 18, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC- 338pcc), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=96 / 2 / 2 ratio by weight), point H (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=63 / 35 / 2 ratio by weight), point I (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=25 / 2 / 73 ratio by weight).
[0313] 20. The azeotrope- 1 ike composition of any of embodiments 15 to 19, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=96 / 4 / 4 ratio by weight), point H’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=63 / 33 / 4 ratio by weight), point I’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=25 / 4 / 71 ratio by weight). 21. The azeotrope- 1 ike composition of any of embodiments 15 to 20, wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 60 to about 92 weight percent dichloromethane, and from about 40 to about 4 weight percent or from about 40 to about 8 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0314] 22. The azeotrope- 1 ike composition of any of embodiments 15 to 21 , wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC- 338pcc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0315] 23. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 15 to 22, wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC- 338pcc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 1 H,4H- octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0316] 24. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 15 to 23, wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC- 338pcc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition. 25. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 15 to 24, wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC- 338pcc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0317] 26. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 15 to 25, wherein the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC- 338pcc) totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0318] 27. The azeotrope-like composition of embodiment 1 , wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43- 10mee), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=92 / 6 / 2 ratio by weight), point B (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=92 / 2 / 6 ratio by weight), point C (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0319] 28. The azeotrope-like composition of embodiment 27, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43- 10mee), ad wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight). 29. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiment 27 or 28, wherein the azeotropelike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43- 10mee), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight).
[0320] 30. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 27 to 29, wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43- 10mee), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=60 / 36 / 6 ratio by weight).
[0321] 31. The azeotrope- 1 ike composition of any of embodiments 27 to 30, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43- 10mee), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=96 / 2 / 2 ratio by weight), point H (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=63 / 35 / 2 ratio by weight), point I (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=32 / 2 / 66 ratio by weight).
[0322] 32. The azeotrope- 1 ike composition of any of embodiments 27 to 31 , wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=92 / 4 / 4 ratio by weight), point H’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=63 / 33 / 4 ratio by weight), point I’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=32 / 4 / 64 ratio by weight).
[0323] 33. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 27 to 32, wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 60 to about 96 weight percent or from about 60 to about 92 weight percent dichloromethane, and from about 40 to about 4 weight percent or from about 40 to about 8 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43- 10mee), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0324] 34. The azeotrope- 1 ike composition of any of embodiments 27 to 33, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43- 10mee), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 2H,3H-decafluoropentane ( H FC-43- 10mee) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0325] 35. The azeotrope- 1 ike composition of any of embodiments 27 to 34, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43- 10mee), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0326] 36. The azeotrope- 1 ike composition of any of embodiments 27 to 35, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43- 10mee), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0327] 37. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 27 to 36, wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43- 10mee), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0328] 38. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 27 to 37, wherein the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee) totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0329] 39. The azeotrope-like composition of embodiment 1 , wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53- 12pcccc), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G (DCM / HFCP / HFC-53-12pcccc=96 / 2 / 2 ratio by weight), point H (DCM / HFCP / HFC-53-12pcccc=57 / 41 / 2 ratio by weight), point I (DCM / HFCP / HFC-53-12pcccc=50 / 2 / 48 ratio by weight).
[0330] 40. The azeotrope-like composition of embodiment 39, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53- 12pcccc), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-53-12pcccc=92 / 4 / 4 ratio by weight), point H’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-53- 12pcccc=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight), point I’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-53- 12 pcccc= 52 / 2 / 46 ratio by weight).
[0331] 41. The azeotrope-like composition of embodiment 39 or 40, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53- 12pcccc), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-53- 12 pcccc= 94 / 3 / 3 ratio by weight), point H” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-53-12pcccc=70 / 26 / 4 ratio by weight), point I” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-53- 12 pcccc= 56 / 4 / 40 ratio by weight).
[0332] 42. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 39 to 41 , wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 60 to about 92 weight percent dichloromethane, and from about 40 to about 8 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53- 12pcccc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 4 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc) is about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0333] 43. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 39 to 42, wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 60 to about 92 weight percent dichloromethane, and from about 8 to about 40 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53- 12pcccc), wherein the amount of 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc) is from about 2 to about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0334] 44. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 39 to 43, wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 68 to about 96 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 32 to about 4 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53- 12pcccc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc) is about 2 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0335] 45. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 39 to 44, wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53- 12pcccc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0336] 46. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 39 to 45, wherein the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc) totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0337] 47. The azeotrope-like composition of embodiment 1 , wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=92 / 6 / 2 ratio by weight), point B (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=92 / 2 / 6 ratio by weight), point C (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0338] 48. The azeotrope-like composition of embodiment 47, wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), ad wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight). 49. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiment 47 or 48, wherein the azeotropelike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight).
[0339] 50. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 47 to 49, wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52- 13p), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight). point E’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight). point F’” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=60 / 34 / 6 ratio by weight).
[0340] 51. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 47 to 50, wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52- 13p), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=96 / 2 / 2 ratio by weight), point H (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight), point I (DCM / H FCP / H FC-52- 13p=40 / 2 / 58 ratio by weight).
[0341] 52. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 47 to 51 , wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=92 / 4 / 4 ratio by weight), point H’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight), point I’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=40 / 4 / 56 ratio by weight).
[0342] 53. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 47 to 52, wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 60 to about 96 weight percent or from about 60 to about 92 weight percent dichloromethane, and from about 40 to about 4 weight percent or from about 40 to about 8 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (H FC-52 - 13p), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC- 52-13p) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0343] 54. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 47 to 53, wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (H FC-52 - 13p), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0344] 55. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 47 to 54, wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (H FC-52 - 13p), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC- 52-13p) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0345] 56. The azeotrope- 1 ike composition of any of embodiments 47 to 55, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52- 13p), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0346] 57. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 47 to 56, wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52- 13p), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0347] 58. The azeotrope-like composition of any of embodiments 47 to 57, wherein the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC- 52-13p) totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0348] 59. In some embodiments, the present application provides a spin fluid for flash spinning comprising
[0349] (a) from about 6 to about 24 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and
[0350] (b) a spin agent, wherein the spin agent comprises an azeotrope- 1 ike composition comprising dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC- 365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43- 10mee), 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p).
[0351] 60. The spin fluid of embodiment 59 comprising from about 6 to about 20 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, or from about 8 to about 20 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, or from about 8 to about 16 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, or from about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid. 61. The spin fluid of embodiment 59 or 60 comprising from about 76 to about 94 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, or from about 80 to about 94 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, or from about 80 to about 92 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, or from about 84 to about 92 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, or from about 86 to about 92 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid.
[0352] 62. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61 , wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC- 365mfc), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0353] 63. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61 , wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC- 365mfc), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight).
[0354] 64. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61 , wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC- 365mfc), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 34 / 6 ratio by weight).
[0355] 65. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61 , wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0356] 66. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61 , wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0357] 67. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61 , wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition. 68. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61, wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1H,1 H,1H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0358] 69. The spin fluid of any of embodiments 62 to 68, wherein the amount of dichloromethane, 1H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1H,1 H,1H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) in the azeotrope-like composition totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0359] 70. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61, wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0360] 71. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61, wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight). 72. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61 , wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 34 / 6 ratio by weight).
[0361] 73. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61 , wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H- octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0362] 74. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61 , wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0363] 75. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61 , wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H- octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0364] 76. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61 , wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H- octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0365] 77. The spin fluid of any of embodiments 70 to 76, wherein the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) in the azeotrope-like composition totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0366] 78. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61 , wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43- 10mee), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0367] 79. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61 , wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43- 10mee), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-43- 10mee=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight). point E” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-43- 10mee=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight). point F” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-43- 10mee=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight).
[0368] 80. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61 , wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43- 10mee), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-43- 10mee=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-43- 10mee=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-43- 10mee=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=60 / 34 / 6 ratio by weight).
[0369] 81. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61 , wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0370] 82. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61 , wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0371] 83. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61 , wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H, 1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0372] 84. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61 , wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H, 1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0373] 85. The spin fluid of any of embodiments 78 to 84, wherein the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) in the azeotrope-like composition totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0374] 86. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61 , wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0375] 87. The spin fluid of embodiment 86, wherein the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (H FC-53- 12pcccc) in the azeotrope-like composition totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0376] 88. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61 , wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0377] 89. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight).
[0378] 90. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight). point E’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight). point F’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 36 / 6 ratio by weight).
[0379] 91. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61, wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (H FC-52- 13p) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0380] 92. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61 , wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0381] 93. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61 , wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (H FC-52- 13p) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0382] 94. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 61 , wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (H FC-52- 13p) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0383] 95. The spin fluid of any of embodiments 88 to 94, wherein the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) in the azeotrope-like composition totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent. 96. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 95, wherein the polyolefin is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene-1 , poly(4-methyl-1- pentene), and blends / mixtures thereof.
[0384] 97. The spin fluid of embodiment 96, wherein the polyethylene is a high-density polyethylene (HDPE), a blend of a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) with a low-density polyethylene (LDPE), or a blend of a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) with a linear low- density polyethylene (LLDPE).
[0385] 98. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 97, comprising about 6 to about 24 weight percent, or about 6 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 16 weight percent, or about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polyethylene, or a blend comprising polyethylene, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and a spin agent, wherein the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope-like composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of (1) 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and (2) 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC- 365mfc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent and the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the spin agent.
[0386] 99. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 97, comprising about 6 to about 24 weight percent, or about 6 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 16 weight percent, or about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polyethylene, or a blend comprising polyethylene, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and a spin agent, wherein the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope-like composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of (1) 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and (2) 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H- octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the spin agent. 100. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 97, comprising about 6 to about 24 weight percent, or about 6 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 16 weight percent, or about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polyethylene, or a blend comprising polyethylene, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and a spin agent, wherein the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope-like composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of (1) 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and (2) 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent and the minimum amount of 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the spin agent.
[0387] 101. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 97, comprising about 6 to about 24 weight percent, or about 6 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 16 weight percent, or about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polyethylene, or a blend comprising polyethylene, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and a spin agent, wherein the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope-like composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of (1) 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and (2) 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent and the minimum amount of 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc) is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the spin agent.
[0388] 102. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 97, comprising about 6 to about 24 weight percent, or about 6 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 16 weight percent, or about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polyethylene, or a blend comprising polyethylene, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and a spin agent, wherein the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope-like composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of (1) 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and (2) 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent and the minimum amount of 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (H FC-52- 13p) is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the spin agent.
[0389] 103. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 96, comprising about 6 to about 24 weight percent, or about 6 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 16 weight percent, or about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polypropylene, a polybutene-1 , or a poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), or a blend comprising polypropylene, polybutene-1 , or poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and a spin agent, wherein the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope-like composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of (1) 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and (2) 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H- pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, or about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent and the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC- 365mfc) is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the spin agent.
[0390] 104. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 96, comprising about 6 to about 24 weight percent, or about 6 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 16 weight percent, or about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polypropylene, a polybutene-1 , or a poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), or a blend comprising polypropylene, polybutene-1 , or poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and a spin agent, wherein the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope-like composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of (1) 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and (2) 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC- 338pcc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, or about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the spin agent.
[0391] 105. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 96, comprising about 6 to about 24 weight percent, or about 6 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 16 weight percent, or about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polypropylene, a polybutene-1 , or a poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), or a blend comprising polypropylene, polybutene-1 , or poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and a spin agent, wherein the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope-like composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of (1) 1H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and (2) 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the maximum amount of 1H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, or about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent and the minimum amount of 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee) is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the spin agent.
[0392] 106. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 96, comprising about 6 to about 24 weight percent, or about 6 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 16 weight percent, or about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polypropylene, a polybutene-1, or a poly(4-methyl-1 -pentene), or a blend comprising polypropylene, polybutene-1 , or poly(4-methyl-1 -pentene), based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and a spin agent, wherein the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope-like composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of (1) 1H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and (2) 1H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC- 52-13p), wherein the maximum amount of 1H,1H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, or about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent and the minimum amount of 1H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the spin agent.
[0393] 107. The spin fluid of any one of embodiments 59 to 106, wherein the spin agent additionally comprises an additive, selected from antioxidants, acid scavengers, and blends thereof.
[0394] 108. In some embodiments, the present application provides a process for the preparation of plexifilamentary fibrils of polyolefin which comprises the steps of:
[0395] (i) generating a spin fluid comprising
[0396] (a) from about 6 to about 24 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and
[0397] (b) a spin agent, and
[0398] (ii) flash spinning the spin fluid at a pressure that is above the vapor pressure of the spin fluid into a region of essentially atmospheric pressure to form plexifilamentary fibrils of the polymer, wherein the spin agent comprises an azeotrope- 1 ike composition of dichloromethane, 1H,1H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H- pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p).
[0399] 109. The process of embodiment 108, wherein the spin fluid comprises from about 6 to about 20 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, or from about 8 to about 20 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, or from about 8 to about 16 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, or from about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid.
[0400] 110. The process of embodiment 108 or 109, wherein the spin fluid comprises from about 76 to about 94 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, or from about 80 to about 94 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, or from about 80 to about 92 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, or from about 84 to about 92 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, or from about 86 to about 92 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid.
[0401] 111. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC- 365mfc), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0402] 112. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC- 365mfc), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight).
[0403] 113. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC- 365mfc), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=60 / 34 / 6 ratio by weight).
[0404] 114. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0405] 115. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition. 116. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1H,1 H,1H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0406] 117. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,1 H,1H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1H,1 H,1H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0407] 118. The process of any of embodiments 111 to 117, wherein the amount of dichloromethane, 1H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H- pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) in the azeotrope- 1 ike composition totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0408] 119. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight). 120. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight).
[0409] 121. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=60 / 34 / 6 ratio by weight).
[0410] 122. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H- octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0411] 123. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0412] 124. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H- octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0413] 125. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H- octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0414] 126. The process of any of embodiments 119 to 125, wherein the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC- 338pcc) in the azeotrope- 1 ike composition totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0415] 127. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43- 10mee), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight). point E’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight). point F’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0416] 128. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43- 10mee), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-43- 10mee=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-43- 10mee=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-43- 10mee=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight).
[0417] 129. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43- 10mee), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-43- 10mee=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-43- 10mee=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’” (DCM / H FCP / H FC-43- 10mee=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=60 / 34 / 6 ratio by weight).
[0418] 130. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition. 131. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10m ee) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0419] 132. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H, 1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0420] 133. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H, 1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0421] 134. The process of any of embodiments 127 to 133, wherein the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC- 43-1 Omee) in the azeotrope- 1 ike composition totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0422] 135. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0423] 136. The process of embodiment 135, wherein the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc) in the azeotrope- 1 ike composition totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0424] 137. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
[0425] 138. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=85 / 11 / 4 ratio by weight), point B” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=85 / 4 / 11 ratio by weight), point C” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 4 / 51 ratio by weight), point D” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 36 / 4 ratio by weight).
[0426] 139. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=85 / 9 / 6 ratio by weight), point B’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=85 / 6 / 9 ratio by weight), point C’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 6 / 49 ratio by weight), point D’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’” (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’” (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=60 / 36 / 6 ratio by weight).
[0427] 140. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) is about 2 weight percent, about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0428] 141. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope-like compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, and the maximum amount of 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope- 1 ike composition.
[0429] 142. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (H FC-52- 13p) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition. 143. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 110, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike compositions comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent, and the minimum amount of 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (H FC-52- 13p) is about 2 weight percent or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the azeotrope-like composition.
[0430] 144. The process of any of embodiments 137 to 143, wherein the amount of dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52- 13p) in the azeotrope-like composition totals at least about 93 weight percent, or at least about 95 weight percent, or at least about 97 weight percent, or about 100 weight percent.
[0431] 145. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 144, wherein the polyolefin is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene-1 , poly(4-methyl-1- pentene), and blends / mixtures thereof.
[0432] 146. The process of embodiment 145, wherein the polyethylene is a high-density polyethylene (HDPE), a blend of a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) with a low-density polyethylene (LDPE), or a blend of a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) with a linear low- density polyethylene (LLDPE).
[0433] 147. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 146, wherein the spin fluid comprises about 6 to about 24 weight percent, or about 6 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 16 weight percent, or about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polyethylene, or a blend comprising polyethylene, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and a spin agent, wherein the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope-like composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of (1) 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and (2) 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H- pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent and the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC- 365mfc) is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the spin agent. 148. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 146, wherein the spin fluid comprises about 6 to about 24 weight percent, or about 6 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 16 weight percent, or about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polyethylene, or a blend comprising polyethylene, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and a spin agent, wherein the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope-like composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of (1) 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and (2) 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC- 338pcc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the spin agent.
[0434] 149. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 146, wherein the spin fluid comprises about 6 to about 24 weight percent, or about 6 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 16 weight percent, or about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polyethylene, or a blend comprising polyethylene, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and a spin agent, wherein the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope-like composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of (1) 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and (2) 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent and the minimum amount of 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10mee) is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the spin agent.
[0435] 150. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 146, wherein the spin fluid comprises about 6 to about 24 weight percent, or about 6 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 16 weight percent, or about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polyethylene, or a blend comprising polyethylene, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and a spin agent, wherein the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope-like composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of (1) 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and (2) 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent and the minimum amount of 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc) is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the spin agent.
[0436] 151. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 146, wherein the spin fluid comprises about 6 to about 24 weight percent, or about 6 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 16 weight percent, or about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polyethylene, or a blend comprising polyethylene, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and a spin agent, wherein the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope-like composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of (1) 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and (2) 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC- 52-13p), wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent and the minimum amount of 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, or about 8 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the spin agent.
[0437] 152. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 145, wherein the spin fluid comprises about 6 to about 24 weight percent, or about 6 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 16 weight percent, or about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polypropylene, a polybutene-1 , or a poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), or a blend comprising polypropylene, polybutene-1 , or poly(4-methyl-1 -pentene), based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and a spin agent, wherein the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists an azeotrope-like composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of (1) 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and (2) 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H- pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, or about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent and the minimum amount of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC- 365mfc) is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the spin agent.
[0438] 153. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 145, wherein the spin fluid comprises about 6 to about 24 weight percent, or about 6 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 16 weight percent, or about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polypropylene, a polybutene-1 , or a poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), or a blend comprising polypropylene, polybutene-1 , or poly(4-methyl-1 -pentene), based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and a spin agent, wherein the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists an azeotrope-like composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of (1) 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and (2) 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC- 338pcc), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, or about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent and the minimum amount of 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc) is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the spin agent.
[0439] 154. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 145, wherein the spin fluid comprises about 6 to about 24 weight percent, or about 6 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 16 weight percent, or about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polypropylene, a polybutene-1 , or a poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), or a blend comprising polypropylene, polybutene-1 , or poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and a spin agent, wherein the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope- 1 ike composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of (1) 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and (2) 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, or about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent and the minimum amount of 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee) is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the spin agent.
[0440] 155. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 145, wherein the spin fluid comprises about 6 to about 24 weight percent, or about 6 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 20 weight percent, or about 8 to about 16 weight percent, or about 8 to about 14 weight percent of a polypropylene, a polybutene-1 , or a poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), or a blend comprising polypropylene, polybutene-1 , or poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and a spin agent, wherein the spin agent consists essentially of, or consists of an azeotrope-like composition consisting essentially of, or consisting of from about 45 to about 65 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 55 to about 35 weight percent of a combination of (1) 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and (2) 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC- 52-13p), wherein the maximum amount of 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 20 weight percent, or about 15 weight percent, or about 10 weight percent and the minimum amount of 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p) is about 2 weight percent, or about 4 weight percent, each based on the total amount of the spin agent. 156. The process of any one of embodiments 108 to 155, wherein the spin agent additionally comprises an additive, selected from antioxidants, acid scavengers, and blends thereof.
[0441] 157. In some embodiments, the present application provides a use of the spin fluid of any of embodiments 59 to 107 for preparing of plexifilamentary fibrils of polymer by flash spinning.
[0442] 158. The plexifilamentary fibrils of polymer obtainable by the process of any one of embodiments 108 to 156.
[0443] 159. A sheet of nonwoven flash-spun plexifilamentary fibrils comprising plexifilamentary fibrils of polymer of embodiment 158.
[0444] 160. The sheet of embodiment 159, wherein the sheet is a collected sheet, a consolidated sheet, a bonded sheet, or a softened sheet.
[0445] 161. A bonded sheet obtainable by thermally or mechanically bonding the consolidated sheet of embodiment 160.
[0446] 162. A softened sheet obtainable by softening the consolidated sheet of embodiment 160 or by softening the bonded sheet of embodiment 161 .
[0447] 163. A multilayer sheet comprising two or more sheets, wherein at least one sheet is a sheet according to any one of embodiments 159 to 162.
[0448] 164. An article comprising plexifilamentary fibrils of polymer of embodiment 158 and / or a sheet of any one of embodiments 159 to 162 and / or a multilayer sheet of embodiment 163.
[0449] 165. The article of embodiment 164 which is selected from garment, protective apparel, house wrap, roof lining, car covers, cargo covers, medical and non-medical packaging, filtration media, print media, tags and labels, and accessories.
[0450] 166. The article of embodiment 165, wherein the garment is protective apparel.
[0451] While various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example, and not limitation. It will be apparent to persons skilled in the relevant art(s) that various changes in form and detail can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, it should be appreciated that, while the invention has been described with reference to the above exemplary embodiments, other embodiments are within the scope of the claims. Moreover, it should be understood that the exemplary embodiments described herein may be combined to form other embodiments. After reading the above description, it will be apparent to one skilled in the relevant art(s) how to implement the invention in alternative embodiments. Thus, the present invention should not be limited by any of the above-described exemplary embodiments.
Claims
1. CLAIMS1. An azeotrope-like composition comprising dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H- pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p).
2. The azeotrope- 1 ike composition of claim 1 comprising dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10m ee), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A (DCM / HFCP / HFC=92 / 6 / 2 ratio by weight), point B (DCM / HFCP / HFC=92 / 2 / 6 ratio by weight), point C (DCM / HFCP / HFC=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D (DCM / HFCP / HFC=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight). point E (DCM / HFCP / HFC=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight). point F (DCM / HFCP / HFC=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
3. The azeotrope-like composition of claim 1 , comprising dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,6H- dodecafluorohexane (H FC-53-12 pcccc), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G (DCM / HFCP / HFC-53-12pcccc=96 / 2 / 2 ratio by weight), point H (DCM / HFCP / HFC-53-12pcccc=57 / 41 / 2 ratio by weight), point I (DCM / HFCP / HFC-53-12pcccc=50 / 2 / 48 ratio by weight), or comprising dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points:point G (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=96 / 2 / 2 ratio by weight), point H (DCM / HFCP / H FC-365mfc=65 / 33 / 2 ratio by weight), point I (DCM / HFCP / HFC-365mfc=25 / 2 / 73 ratio by weight), or comprising dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H,4H- octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=96 / 2 / 2 ratio by weight), point H (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=63 / 35 / 2 ratio by weight), point I (DCM / HFCP / HFC-338pcc=25 / 2 / 73 ratio by weight), or comprising dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=96 / 2 / 2 ratio by weight), point H (DCM / HFCP / HFC-43-10mee=63 / 35 / 2 ratio by weight), point I (DCM / HFCP / H FC-43- 10mee=32 / 2 / 66 ratio by weight), or comprising dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a triangle having the following corner points: point G (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=96 / 2 / 2 ratio by weight), point H (DCM / HFCP / HFC-52-13p=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight), point I (DCM / HFCP / H FC-52- 13p=40 / 2 / 58 ratio by weight).
4. A spin fluid for flash spinning comprising(a) from about 6 to about 24 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and(b) a spin agent, wherein the spin agent comprises an azeotrope-like composition comprising dichloromethane, 1 H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC- 365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), 1H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p).
5. The spin fluid of claim 4 comprising from about 76 to about 94 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, or from about 80 to about 94 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid.
6. The spin fluid of claims 4 or 5, wherein the polyolefin is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene-1 , poly(4-methyl-1 -pentene), and blends / mixtures thereof.
7. The spin fluid of any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike composition comprises dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, selected from the group consisting of 1H,1 H,1H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (H FC-43- 10m ee), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
8. The spin fluid of any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike composition comprises from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and a hydrofluorocarbon, wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, and the minimum amount of hydrofluorocarbon is about 2 weight percent, and wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1H,1 H,1H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane ( H FC-43- 10mee), 1H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (H FC-53-12 pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p).
9. A process for the preparation of plexifilamentary fibrils of polyolefin which comprises the steps of:(i) generating a spin fluid comprising(a) from about 6 to about 24 weight percent of a polyolefin, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, and(b) a spin agent, and(ii) flash spinning the spin fluid at a pressure that is above the vapor pressure of the spin fluid into a region of essentially atmospheric pressure to form plexifilamentary fibrils of the polymer, wherein the spin agent comprises an azeotrope-like composition comprising dichloromethane,I H,1 H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane, and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H- pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H- decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), 1 H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (HFC-53-12pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p).
10. The process of claim 9, wherein the spin fluid comprises from about 76 to about 94 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid, or from about 80 to about 94 weight percent of the spin agent, based on the total amount of the spin fluid.I I . The process of claims 9 or 10, wherein the polyolefin is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene-1 , poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), and blends / mixtures thereof.
12. The process of any one of claims 9 to 11 , wherein the azeotrope- 1 ike composition comprises dichloromethane (DCM), 1 H,1 H,2H- heptafluorocyclopentane (HFCP), and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, selected from the group consisting of 1 H,1 H,1 H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee), and 1 H- tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p), and wherein the weight ratios of the three components lay within a region of their ternary composition diagram defined by a polygon having the following corner points: point A’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC=85 / 13 / 2 ratio by weight), point B’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC=85 / 2 / 13 ratio by weight), point C’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC=45 / 2 / 53 ratio by weight), point D’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC=45 / 20 / 35 ratio by weight), point E’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC=60 / 20 / 20 ratio by weight), point F’ (DCM / HFCP / HFC=60 / 38 / 2 ratio by weight).
13. The process of any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the azeotrope-like composition comprises from about 60 to about 85 weight percent dichloromethane and from about 40 to about 15 weight percent of a combination of 1 H,1H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane and a hydrofluorocarbon, wherein the minimum amount of 1 H,1H,2H-heptafluorocyclopentane is about 2 weight percent, and the minimum amount of hydrofluorocarbon is about 2 weight percent, and wherein the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of 1H,1 H,1H,3H,3H-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc), 1 H,4H-octafluorobutane (HFC-338pcc), 2H,3H-decafluoropentane ( H FC-43- 10mee), 1H,6H-dodecafluorohexane (H FC-53-12 pcccc), and 1 H-tridecafluorohexane (HFC-52-13p).
14. Use of the spin fluid of any one of claims 4 to 8 for preparing of plexifilamentary fibrils of polyolefin by flash spinning.
15. Plexifilamentary fibrils of polyolefin obtainable by the process of any one of claims 9 to 13.
16. A sheet of nonwoven flash-spun plexifilamentary fibrils comprising plexifilamentary fibrils of polyolefin of claim 15.
17. The sheet of claim 16, wherein the sheet is a collected sheet, a consolidated sheet, a bonded sheet, or a softened sheet.
18. An article comprising the plexifilamentary fibrils of polyolefin of claim 15 and / or the sheet of claim 16 or claim 17.
19. The article of claim 18 which is selected from garment, protective apparel, packaging material, house wrap, roof lining, car covers, medical and non-medical packaging, filtration media, print media, tags and labels, and accessories.