Aqueous curable multicomponent system, composition, use of the multicomponent system and fixative.

Description

Aqueous curable multicomponent system, composition, use of the multicomponent system and fixative.

[0001] The present invention relates to a multicomponent system, in particular a two-component aqueous system containing capsules, which allows the mixing of the components through the opening of the capsules and initiates the autonomous curing process. The multicomponent system is particularly suitable as a coating that can serve as a sealant and / or as an adhesive for fixing fasteners, such as screws.

[0002] Adhesive or curable coatings for screws are known in the state of the art. These coatings are used, for example, in automotive engineering or in structural and civil engineering to prevent the unintentional loosening or detachment of a bolted connection due to corrosion or vibration. It is known that coatings must be applied in liquid form immediately before the screw is used. Pre-coated screws, on the other hand, have the advantage that the coating can be applied reliably and in a standardized manner. Defective screw connections can be avoided in this way. In such applications of pre-coated screws for fastening and sealing, the polymerization of the polymerizable components of the coating is generally initiated when two plates are joined by means of a screw.

[0003] In principle, adhesive bonding can be achieved using anaerobic adhesives. Anaerobic adhesives, also known as one-component adhesives or liquid plastics, remain in a liquid state and do not polymerize as long as the presence of oxygen prevents radical polymerization. If screws coated with this liquid adhesive are screwed in, polymerization is initiated at the contact points in the presence of metal ions from the screw or thread or the material to be screwed in and in the absence of oxygen, and the screw is fixed and sealed. A fundamental problem with these adhesives is the nature Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, page 22 / 67 2 / 23 liquid coating. Suggestions on how the adhesion of single-component adhesives can be improved as a pre-coating for screw locking include WO 2017 / 068196 A1, in which a polymerizable material with a melting point of at least 30 °C is used.

[0004] Two-component adhesives differ from anaerobic adhesives in that they do not require the presence of metal ions for polymerization and they also polymerize in the presence of oxygen. The initiator or hardener is therefore separate from the polymerizable components. An adhesive bond can then be achieved, for example, by destroying microcapsules containing an adhesive to be polymerized during screwing, and the released adhesive comes into contact with the hardener contained in the coating, which initiates polymerization. DE 10 2011 119140 A1 describes such a coating for a threaded part, such as a screw, containing microcapsules with a polymerizable adhesive and additional non-reactive components to achieve a bonding effect. Adhesive coatings based, for example, on epoxy components encapsulated with amine hardener, based on polyester systems or, alternatively, based on (meth)acrylate and radical initiators are known, in principle, as microencapsulated multicomponent systems.

[0005] Microcapsules are described in WO 95 / 33554 A1, among others.

[0006] Several methods of applying the coating to the fastener, for example, the screw, are known in the art. One method, for example, is to melt the coating composition or parts of the coating composition and apply it as a melt. Optionally, components containing (micro-)capsules are then applied in a subsequent step in a liquid organic carrier medium, this carrier medium being described in DE 10 2011 119 140 A1, for example, as a UV-curable carrier medium that coats the coating with a varnish. This type of varnish also Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, page 23 / 67 3 / 23 can be used to protect a liquid to viscous polymerizable adhesive composition against leaks and to provide it with adhesion. However, varnish coatings are generally susceptible to mechanical damage, which can hardly be avoided during the use and storage of screws. Therefore, coatings that do not require their own protective layer, such as a varnish, are desirable. To reduce the health risks caused by volatile organic compounds (VOCs), the industry is also making efforts to apply water-curable adhesive coatings and thus avoid VOCs.

[0007] An aqueous system is described in document WO 2011 / 047738 as an aqueous composition of polymerizable acrylate components and an encapsulated radical initiator. EP 3 165 584 A1 describes an additional aqueous acrylate-based system with a preferably encapsulated radical initiator.

[0008] However, multicomponent systems are still needed that offer advantages over known systems in terms of process parameters, process reliability and mixture life, as well as in terms of properties and strengths, initial loosening torques and sealing properties achieved. In addition, the multicomponent system must result in a coating that is easy to apply to fasteners such as screws or threaded bolts, that has adhesion, is dry, mechanically durable and chemically stable in normal use.

[0009] The present invention solves at least one of these objects and, optionally, other objects by means of a multicomponent system comprising a first component, a second component and, optionally, one or more additional components, Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, page 24 / 67 4 / 23 wherein the first component comprises capsules containing polymerizable (meth)acrylate functional binder and water, and wherein the second component comprises peroxodisulfate initiator, encapsulated dibenzoyl peroxide initiator and water.

[0010] In a second aspect of the invention, at least one of these objects is solved by a composition prepared by mixing the components of the multicomponent system of the invention.

[0011] In a third aspect of the invention, at least one of these objects is solved by using the multicomponent system or composition of the invention to improve the service life of the mixture, the reliability of the process and / or to coat a fastener, in particular a screw, in order to increase the initial loosening torque of the fastener and / or improve the tightening of the fastener joint.

[0012] In a fourth aspect of the invention, at least one of these tasks is solved by a fastening means, in particular a screw, characterized by being coated with the composition according to the invention.

[0013] As described, the multicomponent system of the invention comprises a first component, a second component and, optionally, one or more additional components, wherein the first component comprises capsules containing polymerizable (meth)acrylate functional binder and water, and wherein the second component comprises peroxodisulfate initiator, encapsulated dibenzoyl peroxide initiator and water. This should be understood to mean that the multicomponent system of the invention preferably comprises the first component and the second component and may optionally comprise one or more additional components. These components may be present separately or, for example, for use, in a mixed form. Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, page 25 / 67 5 / 23

[0014] The presence of two different initiators in the second component, of which the dibenzoyl peroxide initiator is encapsulated, results in a surprisingly enhanced adhesive effect, which is reflected in surprisingly increased initial loosening torques when applied to threaded screws.

[0015] Preferably, the multicomponent system (in the case of the preferred two components: the two-component system) of the invention serves as a sealant and / or adhesive for coating fasteners, in particular for coating screws, for example threaded screws or also internal threads, as used in a wide variety of areas. This includes industrial applications, for example, in the automotive industry and the electronics industry. In principle, the invention is advantageous whenever reliable screw locking against loosening due to vibration is required.

[0016] Preferably, the first component comprises capsules, in particular microcapsules, in which the capsules, in particular microcapsules, have an outer shell and an inner phase. The inner phase preferably contains a polymerizable (meth)acrylate functional binder and optionally a crosslinker, in particular a (meth)acrylate functional crosslinker, and preferably one or more accelerators.

[0017] Suitable polymerizable (meth)acrylate functional binders are, for example: epoxy (meth)acrylate resin, polyurethane (meth)acrylate, functional (meth)acrylate polyesters and especially bisphenol-A or bisphenol-based (meth)acrylate functional binders (e.g., bisphenol-A dimethacrylate), novolac-based (meth)acrylate functional binder, bisphenol-A or bisphenol-based (meth)acrylate functional binder (e.g., bisphenol-A diglycidyl methacrylate); novolac-based epoxy (meth)acrylate functional binders, functional binders Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, p. 26 / 67 6 / 23 of (meth)acrylate based on ethoxylated novolacs and mixtures thereof.

[0018] According to the invention, the crosslinking agent can preferably be selected from functional (meth)acrylic monomers, for example, from monomers with two, preferably three or also several (meth)acrylic functions. This includes, for example, divinylbenzene (DVB); 1,3-butanediol dimethacrylate (BGDMA); tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TRPGDA); trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA), isocyanurate tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate PETA, DiPETA; dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, dipentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate etc. and / or trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA). According to the invention, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate is particularly preferred.

[0019] According to the invention, the first component may advantageously contain one or more non-encapsulated polymerizable components, preferably a non-encapsulated reactive binder and / or reactive diluent, optionally additionally fillers and / or thickeners.

[0020] Non-encapsulated reactive binders may be selected from among the same reactive binders as the encapsulated polymerizable (meth)acrylate functional binder(s) of the first component. Preferably, each of them may independently be the same or a different polymerizable binder. In addition, they may also be selected, for example, from polymerizable polyurethanes with double-link functionality and / or polyesters or polycarbonates with double-link functionality, such as those commercially available from resin manufacturers such as Allnex, Alberdingk Boley, DSM Neoresins, and many other resin manufacturers known to the technically skilled. Non-encapsulated reactive binders are particularly preferred according to the... Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, p. 27 / 67 7 / 23 invention are polymerizable polyurethanes and / or polyesters with dual-bonding functionality Lux 481; Ucecoat 7738, Ucecoat 7999, Ucecoat 7733 and similar commercial resins, such as those used for radiation-curable systems, such as wood coatings, adhesives, etc.

[0021] Suitable reactive diluents are, for example, alkoxylated acryloyl compounds, such as 1,6-hexanediol (ethoxylated)2-40 di(meth)acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol (propoxylated)2-40 di(meth)acrylate, 1,4-butanediol (ethoxylated)2-40 di(meth)acrylate, 1,4-butanediol (propoxylated)2-40 di(meth)acrylate, 1,3-butanediol (ethoxylated)2-40 di(meth)acrylate, 1,3-butanediol (propoxylated)2-40 di(meth)acrylate, ethylene glycol (ethoxylated)240 di(meth)acrylate, ethylene glycol (propoxylated)2-40 di(meth)acrylate propylene glycol (ethoxylated)2-40, propylene glycol di(meth)acrylate (propoxylated)2-40, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol di(meth)acrylate (ethoxylated)2-40, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol di(meth)acrylate (propoxylated)2-40, bisphenol-A di(meth)acrylate (ethoxylated)2-40, bisphenol-A di(meth)acrylate (propoxylated)2-40, glycerol tri(meth)acrylate (ethoxylated)3-60, glycerol tri(meth)acrylate (propoxylated)3-60, trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate (ethoxylated)3-60,trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate (propoxylated)3-60, isocyanurate tri(meth)acrylate (ethoxylated)3-60, isocyanurate tri(meth)acrylate (ethoxylated)3-60, pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate (ethoxylated)4-80, pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate (propoxylated)4-80, dipentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate (ethoxylated)6-120, dipentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate (propoxylated)6-120., Polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, in particular 2-XX glycol (polyethylene) dimethacrylate and / or methacryloyl oxysuccinate, are particularly preferred. Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, page 28 / 67 8 / 23

[0022] Advantageously, according to the invention, the first component may comprise at least two different types of capsules that differ at least in the material of their respective shells, wherein preferably one type of capsule has a melamine-formaldehyde shell and a second type of capsule has a gelatin shell and wherein preferably both types of capsules are microcapsules. Surprisingly, it has been shown that the use of different materials for two different types of capsules results in longer mixing life and greater process reliability, as well as improved initial loosening torques when applied as a coating for threaded screws.

[0023] The melamine-formaldehyde shell capsule type typically has a size of (d50 in [pm]) 1 - 100, preferably 4 - 60, in particular 5 - 30, while the gelatin shell capsule type has a size of (d50 in [pm]) 80 - 250, preferably 100 - 200 and in particular 120 - 150.

[0024] According to the invention, it is preferred that the first type of capsule and the second type of capsule each have an internal phase comprising a polymerizable (meth)acrylate functional binder, preferably (meth)acrylate epoxy resin and, optionally, a crosslinker, the binder and crosslinker preferably being the same as described above.

[0025] For the purposes of the invention, it is particularly advantageous that the internal phases of the first type of capsule and the second type of capsule have the same components, i.e., the capsules differ essentially only in the type of their shell.

[0026] Preferably, the capsules of the first component contain 10 to 88% by weight, particularly preferably 30 to 60% by weight, of (meth)acrylate functional binder, 10 to 88% by weight, preferably 20 to 60% by weight of crosslinking agent, in particular methacrylate functional crosslinking agent, and up to 2, Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, page 29 / 67 9 / 23 particularly 0.2 to 1%, by weight, of accelerator, in each case as dry weight (solids) based on the dry weight of the capsules of the first component.

[0027] More specifically and even more preferably, the capsules of the first component may comprise a melamine-formaldehyde shell: 28% by weight, particularly preferably 15 to 25% by weight, especially around 20% by weight of casing; 50% by weight, particularly preferably 35 to 45% by weight, especially about 40% by weight, of polymerizable (meth)acrylate functional binder; 50% by weight, particularly preferably 35 to 45% by weight, especially about 40% by weight, of crosslinking agent; up to 1.0% by weight, particularly preferably 0.3 to 0.7% by weight, especially about 0.5% by weight of the accelerator, in each case based on the solids content (dry weight) of the capsules.

[0028] Also specifically and even more preferably, the capsules of the first component may contain a gelatin shell: 20% by weight, particularly preferably 7 to 15% by weight of casing, especially around 10% by weight of casing; 55% by weight, particularly preferably 40 to 50% by weight, especially about 45% by weight, of polymerizable (meth)acrylate functional binder; 55% by weight, particularly preferably 40 to 50% by weight, especially about 45% by weight, of crosslinking agent; up to 1.0% by weight, particularly preferably 0.3 to 0.7% by weight of the accelerator, especially around 0.5% in Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, page 30 / 67 10 / 23 weight, in each case based on the solids content (dry weight) of the capsules.

[0029] According to the invention, it is preferable that the polymerizable constituents of the first component be essentially radically polymerizable.

[0030] Preferred accelerators according to the invention are, for example, amine compounds such as imidazole, 1,3-bis-4-piperidylpropane, 1,6-hexanediamine, methylenedianiline, liquid polyamide of dimerized unsaturated fatty acids (Versamid125), reacted with alkylenediamine, NN'dimethylaniline, NN'diethylaniline, trimethylolamine, triethanolamine, with NN'diethylaniline being particularly preferred.

[0031] According to the invention, the second component may contain, particularly preferably, unencapsulated water-soluble peroxodisulfate initiator and encapsulated dibenzoyl peroxide initiator.The capsules, in particular microcapsules, of the second component containing the dibenzoyl peroxide initiator preferably have a shell, in particular a gelatin shell, and an inner phase, wherein the inner phase preferably contains the dibenzoyl peroxide initiator dispersed in a plasticizer, in particular a phthalate-free plasticizer, and wherein the capsules, in particular microcapsules, of the second component containing the dibenzoyl peroxide initiator preferably contain 4 to 35%, in particular 6 to 25%, by weight, particularly preferably 10 to 15%, by weight, of the dibenzoyl peroxide initiator dispersed in 55 to 90%, particularly 60 to 85%, by weight, particularly preferably 70 to 80%, by weight, of plasticizer, particularly a phthalate-free plasticizer, in each case dry substance based on the weight of the capsules of the second component. The capsule containing the peroxide initiator is preferably 130-300 in size. Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, page 31 / 67 11 / 23 preferably 170 - 250 and in particular 190 -220 (d50 in [pm]).

[0032] It is particularly preferable according to the invention that the peroxodisulfate initiator comprises sodium peroxodisulfate initiator, preferably sodium peroxodisulfate initiator.

[0033] The multicomponent system according to the invention may preferably contain additional constituents, in particular non-reactive resin, wax, pigments, pigment-related polymers, fillers, wetting agents, biocides, adhesion promoters, defoamers, deaeration additives and / or rust inhibitors.

[0034] Non-reactive resins can, for example, be selected from common commercially available aqueous binders, such as Wohrleecryl 7123, Roskydal 850W and others, such as those commercially available from resin manufacturers like Allnex, Alberdingk Boley, DSM Neoresins, BASF and other resin manufacturers known to experts in the field.

[0035] Waxes that are used, for example, to adjust the coefficient of friction can be selected according to the invention, for example, from commercially available aqueous polyethylene waxes from wax manufacturers such as Byk (Cera), Deurex and others.

[0036] Pigments can be used for marking colors of certain qualities and are, for example, common organic dyes and / or inorganic pigments. Conventional pigment-related resins can be used to bind / disperse other components, such as pigments. Dispersing additives that are commercially available from additive manufacturers known to the expert, such as Byk, EFKA, Tego, for example, the Disperbyk series products, are advantageous according to the invention. Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, page 32 / 67 12 / 23

[0037] Suitable fillers for use in the invention include inorganic and organic fillers, in particular, for example, kaolinite, calcite, talc and reactive fillers, such as inorganic fillers coated with reactive silane equipped with methacrylic functions. According to the invention, the use of mica is not preferred.

[0038] The expert in the field is familiar with conventional wetting agents, biocides, adhesion promoters, antifoaming agents, as well as deaeration additives and / or rust inhibitors, which can be used advantageously in the invention.

[0039] The multicomponent system according to the invention preferably contains, in each case with respect to the solids content: 55 parts by weight, preferably 30 to 50 parts by weight, in particular 36 to 44 parts by weight of capsules containing polymerizable (meth)acrylate functional binder; 20 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 17 parts by weight, in particular 10 to 14 parts by weight of non-encapsulated reactive binder; 3.8 parts by weight, preferably 0.5 to 3 parts by weight, in particular 1 to 2.3 parts by weight of unencapsulated reactive diluent; 15 parts by weight, preferably 3 to 10 parts by weight, in particular 5 to 8 parts by weight of capsules containing dibenzoyl peroxide primer; for 5 parts by weight, preferably 0.6 to 4 parts by weight, in particular 0.9 to 2 parts by weight, especially preferably 1.1 to 1.5 parts by weight of peroxodisulfate initiator; up to 70 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 60 parts by weight, in particular 20 to 50 parts by weight, especially preferably 30 to 40 parts by weight of other ingredients. Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, page 33 / 67 13 / 23

[0040] This also means that, for example, in the absence of other constituents, the multicomponent system according to the invention preferably contains, with respect to the solids content of the system: 55% by weight, preferably 30 to 50% by weight, in particular 36 to 44% by weight, of capsules containing a polymerizable (meth)acrylate functional binder; 20% by weight, preferably 5 to 17% by weight, in particular 10 to 14% by weight of non-encapsulated reactive binder; 3.8% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 3% by weight, in particular 1 to 2.3% by weight of non-encapsulated reactive diluent; up to 15% by weight, preferably 3 to 10% by weight, in particular 5 to 8% by weight of capsules containing dibenzoyl peroxide initiator; 0.3 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.6 to 4% by weight, in particular 0.9 to 2% by weight, especially preferably 1.1 to 1.5% by weight of peroxodisulfate initiator; up to 70% by weight, preferably 10 to 60% by weight, in particular 20 to 50% by weight, especially preferably 30 to 40% by weight of other constituents.

[0041] The multicomponent system according to the invention may, for example, be present as an aqueous suspension or dispersion separated into components. The proportion of the components to each other is determined by the solids content of the constituent components. The multicomponent system according to the invention may be present as a composition, for example, in the form of a suspension or dispersion, prepared by mixing the aqueous components of the multicomponent system according to the invention. The proportions of the components (solid components) are then the corresponding proportions of the multicomponent system.

[0042] Neither the absolute nor the relative proportions are influenced by the respective amount of water added. A Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, page 34 / 67 14 / 23 The amount of water added is not essential to the invention and can vary over a wide range to optimize the shelf life of the components, the mixing of the components, and also the application of the mixed composition and subsequent drying. For example, the amount of water added (free) in the first separate component can be 0 to 10% by weight, or 2 to 8% by weight, based on the total weight of the first separate component, and / or in the second separate component, 15% by weight to 65% by weight, or 20 to 55% by weight, based on the total weight of the second separate component. An advantageous total water content of the mixed composition is, for example, 30 to 50% by weight, or 35 to 45% by weight.

[0043] The multicomponent system according to the invention can be produced as follows, for example: Water, non-reactive binder, and dispersing additives and resins are introduced. The fillers are then slowly mixed and then dispersed. The MF capsules (suspension) are then slowly stirred, the reactive diluents and gelatin capsules are added with stirring, and then the pH and viscosity are adjusted. The initiator part can be prepared by adding water, dissolving sodium peroxodisulfate in it, and then adding the BPO capsules while stirring. The two parts (reactive part and initiator part) can be combined by preparing the reactive part (the first component) and adding the initiator part (the second component) while stirring. If necessary, for example, for special screws, the viscosity can be adjusted with water.The application can be done manually, but it is usually carried out mechanically, for example, with a disc machine, a linear coating system, or a semi-automatic coating system. After application of the aqueous composition according to the invention, the composition is typically dried so that an adhesive film remains on the coated screw, for example, in the thread area. This film, this coating, ideally has the same... Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, page 35 / 67 15 / 23 dry composition that the aqueous composition before application, based on solids content.

[0044] The multicomponent system or composition according to the invention is preferably used to improve the shelf life of the mixture, the reliability of the process and / or used for coating a fastener, in particular a screw, in order to increase the initial loosening torque of the fastener and / or to improve the tightening of the fastener connection.

[0045] The invention, therefore, also relates to such a fastener, in particular a screw, which is coated with the composition according to the invention, in particular if it is obtained by applying the multicomponent system according to the invention or the composition according to the invention to the fastener and subsequent drying. Examples: Example 1

[0046] A first component 1.1 was prepared using a suspension of melamine formaldehyde capsules and gelatin capsules, each with an identical internal phase of TMPTA, an amine accelerator and (meth)acrylate epoxy resin. Reactive and non-reactive fillers, thickeners and reactive diluent (polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate) were added to achieve an appropriate viscosity.

[0047] A second component 1.2 was produced using a main binder and a dispersing resin for the fillers, fillers, process additives for wetting, defoaming, deaeration and instant rust protection. The coefficient of friction was adjusted using an aqueous wax (0.25 was selected as the typical coefficient of friction) and coloring components (pigments) were added. The initiator system composed of sodium persulfate (NAPS) and encapsulated dibenzoyl peroxide was added. The pH value (7 - 7.5) and the Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, pp. 36 / 67 16 / 23 viscosity (25 - 50 [DIN 6 / sec]) were adjusted with water and caustic soda.

[0048] The multicomponent system had the following composition 1 (solids content, % by weight): Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, page 37 / 67 Table 1 Melamine-formaldehyde capsules of the first component 40.57 Binder (epoxy (meth)acrylate resin) Crosslinking agent (TMPTMA) Accelerator (amine) MF shell 16.03 16.23 0.19 8.11 Gelatin capsules of the first component 2.54 Binder (epoxy (meth)acrylate resin) Crosslinking agent (TMPTMA) Accelerator (amine) Gelatin shell 1.13 1.14 0.01 0.25 Reactive fillers 1.69 Functional olefin polyurethane (unencapsulated) 11.83 Reactive diluent polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate 1.69 Reactive diluent methacryloyl oxysuccinate 0.51 Gelatin capsules with dibenzoyl peroxide 6.34 Plasticizer Dibenzoyl peroxide Gelatin shell 4.62 0.82 0.91 Sodium peroxodisulfate 1.27 17 / 23 Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, page 38 / 67 Non-reactive polyester resin 8.45 Other additives (biocide, colorants / pigments, pigment-like copolymer, non-reactive fillers, wetting agent, rust inhibitor, wax) 25.05 NaOH 0.05 Total 99.99 18 / 23 Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, pp. 39 / 67 19 / 23 Example 2

[0049] A composition according to the invention was applied as a coating to a threaded bolt and dried for 24 hours at room temperature. Then, the bolts were screwed in with nuts and dried for 24 hours at room temperature and the initial loosening torque was measured. (Example 2a). As a comparison, an identical composition was applied to an identical threaded bolt, which differed from Example 2a because the encapsulated dibenzoyl peroxide initiator and the non-encapsulated sodium peroxodisulfate initiator were replaced by non-encapsulated dibenzoyl peroxide initiator in the same molar amount, and dried and screwed in under the same conditions (Comparative Example 2b). As a further comparison, Comparative Example 2b was repeated, in which the non-encapsulated dibenzoyl peroxide initiator was replaced by encapsulated dibenzoyl peroxide initiator in the same molar amount (Comparative Example 2c).Finally, as a further comparison, Comparative Example 2a was repeated, in which the unencapsulated dibenzoyl peroxide initiator was replaced in the same molar amount by the unencapsulated sodium peroxodisulfate initiator (Comparative Example 2d).

[0050] There is a surprising synergistic effect of the combination of initiators used according to the invention, insofar as the initial loosening torque of the coated screw according to the invention (example 2a) after screwing and curing is considerably greater than in the comparative examples, just under 20 [Nm], almost twice as great as in the case of comparative examples 2b (12 [Nm]) and 2d (10 [Nm]) and yet about 25% greater than in comparative example 2c (16 [Nm]).

[0051] In a variation of the comparative test, a composition according to the invention containing unencapsulated sodium persulfate and encapsulated benzoyl peroxide (example 2e) was prepared and, for comparison, a composition Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, page 40 / 67 20 / 23 identical (comparative example 2f) containing unencapsulated sodium persulfate and unencapsulated benzoyl peroxide in the same molar ratio as example 2e. As early as 2 hours after preparation, a white separation can be observed in comparative example 2f, while example 2e according to the invention remains consistently homogeneous even after 4 days of storage at 40 °C.

[0052] Compositions 2e and 2f were applied as a coating to a threaded bolt each and dried for 24 hours at room temperature. The bolts were then screwed in with nuts and dried for 24 hours at room temperature and broken after 24 hours. The test was repeated after one day and four days of storage of the composition at 40 °C. Although the initial loosening torques with composition 2e, according to the invention, remained essentially constant, the bolt coated with the comparative example 2f could no longer be threaded after 24 hours of storage, as the coating had hardened. Example 3

[0053] A composition according to the invention with encapsulated dibenzoyl peroxide initiator and unencapsulated sodium dioxopersulfate containing only one type of reactive microcapsules of the first component with a melamine-formaldehyde shell was applied as a coating to a threaded bolt and dried for 24 hours at room temperature. The bolts were then screwed in with nuts and dried for 24 hours at room temperature (Example 3a). The same composition was applied to another threaded bolt and dried for 24 hours at room temperature. The bolts were then screwed in with nuts, dried for 24 hours at room temperature and then treated for 3 hours at 150 °C (Example 3b). Examples 3a and 3b were repeated, whereby gelatin capsules of the first component were added to the composition according to Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, page 41 / 67 21 / 23 the invention and both the encapsulated dibenzoyl peroxide initiator and the non-encapsulated sodium peroxide initiator were additionally added for stoichiometric equalization (examples 3c and 3d), as well as without the addition of gelatin capsules of the first component, but with additional encapsulated dibenzoyl peroxide initiator and non-encapsulated sodium peroxodisulfate initiator (examples 3e and 3f).

[0054] There is a surprising synergistic effect of the two different capsules of the first component, as the initial loosening torque is significantly higher for a comparable stoichiometric amount of polymerizable (meth)acrylate functional binder when present in the form of melamine-formamide shelled capsules and gelatin shelled capsules, this effect being independent of the drying and aging conditions of the coating. Direct comparison with an analogous increase in initiator content – ​​without the additional capsule type – leads only to slight increases in initial loosening torque. Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, page 42 / 67 Table 2: Compositions of the two-component systems (% by weight, including water) Weight % Examples 3a / 3b Examples 3c / 3d Examples 3e / 3f Added water 4.80 4.76 4.76 Melamine-formaldehyde capsules of the first component (aqueous paste) 41.00 38.67 41.00 Gelatin capsules of the first component - 3.87 - reactive fillers 5.13 4.87 5.13 Binder (not encapsulated) 20.53 19.33 20.53 Gelatin capsules with dibenzoyl peroxide 2.29 2.50 2.50 Sodium peroxodisulfate 0.46 0.50 0.50 Non-reactive polyester resin 5.25 5.21 5.21 Other additives (biocide, colorants / pigments, pigment-like copolymer, non-reactive fillers, agent (wetting agent, rust inhibitor, wax) Water 17.24 2.82 17.1 2.80 17.1 2.80 22 / 23 Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, page 43 / 67 NaOH (10%) 0.47 Total 99.99 Initial loosening torques [Nm] 3a 3b 150 22 10 0.47 0.47 100.08 100 C 3c 3d 150 °C 3e 3f 150 °C 25 12 23 10

Claims

1. A multicomponent system, characterized in that it comprises a first component, a second component and, optionally, one or more additional components, wherein the first component comprises capsules containing a polymerizable (meth)acrylate functional binder and water, and wherein the second component comprises a peroxodisulfate initiator, an encapsulated dibenzoyl peroxide initiator and water.

2. Multicomponent system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first component comprises capsules, wherein the capsules have an outer shell and an inner phase, wherein the inner phase comprises a polymerizable (meth)acrylate functional binder.

3. Multicomponent system according to claim 1, characterized in that the crosslinking agent is selected from the group consisting of trimethylpropane tri(meth)acrylate, 1,3-butanediol dimethacrylate (BGDMA); tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TRPGDA); trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA), isocyanurate tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate PETA, dipentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate DiPETA and dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate.

4. Multicomponent system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first component additionally contains one or more non-encapsulated polymerizable components selected from the group consisting of non-encapsulated reactive binder, reactive diluent and optional additional fillers and thickeners.

5. Multicomponent system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first component comprises at least two different types of capsules that differ at least in the material of their respective casings. Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, page 12 / 67 2 / 4 6. Multicomponent system according to claim 5, characterized in that the first type of capsule and the second type of capsule each have an internal phase comprising a polymerizable (meth)acrylate functional binder.

7. Multicomponent system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the internal phases of the first type of capsule and the second type of capsule have the same constituents.

8. Multicomponent system according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: a) the first component capsules with a melamine-formaldehyde shell contain: 12 to 28% by weight of shell; 30 to 50% by weight of polymerizable (meth)acrylate functional binder; 30 to 50% by weight of crosslinking agent; 0.1 to 1.0% by weight of accelerator, in each case based on the solids content of the capsules; and / or b) the first component capsules with a gelatin shell contain: 5 to 20% by weight of shell; 35 to 55% by weight of polymerizable (meth)acrylate functional binder; 35 to 55% by weight of crosslinking agent; 0.1 to 1.0% by weight of accelerator, in each case based on the solids content of the capsules.

9. Multicomponent system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the polymerizable constituents of the first component are essentially radically polymerizable. Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, page 13 / 67 3 / 4 10. A multicomponent system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the second component contains an unencapsulated water-soluble peroxodisulfate initiator and an encapsulated dibenzoyl peroxide initiator, the capsules of the second component containing the dibenzoyl peroxide initiator containing a shell and an inner phase, and the inner phase containing the dibenzoyl peroxide initiator.

11. Multicomponent system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the peroxodisulfate initiator comprises sodium peroxodisulfate initiator.

12. Multicomponent system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it contains additional constituents selected from the group consisting of non-reactive resin, wax, pigments, pigment-related polymers, fillers, wetting agents, biocides, adhesion promoters, defoamers, deaeration additives and rust inhibitors.

13. Multicomponent system according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the system contains, in each case based on solids content: 25 to 55 parts by weight of capsules containing polymerizable (meth)acrylate functional binder; 0 to 20 parts by weight of non-encapsulated reactive binder; 0 to 3.8 parts by weight of non-encapsulated reactive diluent; 1 to 15 parts by weight of capsules containing dibenzoyl peroxide initiator; 0.3 to 5 parts by weight of peroxodisulfate initiator; 1 to 70 parts by weight of other ingredients.

14. Composition, characterized in that it is prepared by mixing the aqueous components of the multicomponent system, as defined in any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. Use of the multicomponent system, as defined in any of claims 1 to 13, characterized by the fact that Petition 870260053368, dated 02 / 06 / 2026, page 14 / 67 4 / 4 of being as one or more of a sealant and adhesive for coating fasteners.

16. Use of the multicomponent system, as defined in any one of claims 1 to 13, or of the composition, as defined in claim 14, characterized in that it is for improving the service life of the mixture, the reliability of the process and / or for coating a fastener in order to increase the initial loosening torque of the fastener and to improve the tightening of the fastener joint.

17. Fastener, characterized by being coated with the composition as defined in claim 14.

18. Fixative according to claim 17, characterized in that it is obtained by applying the multicomponent system, as defined in any one of claims 1 to 13, or by applying the composition, as defined in claim 14, to the fixative and by subsequent drying.