Application of sorbic acid as bait phosphorus-lowering agent

Abstract

The application of sorbic acid as bait phosphorus reducing agent relates to a new application of sorbic acid. The purpose of the present application is to reduce the use amount of phosphorus in existing bait, so as to avoid causing water eutrophication, and meanwhile, the growth and development of aquatic animals are not affected. The sorbic acid is used as a phosphorus reducing agent in bait. The use of sorbic acid can effectively reduce the use amount of phosphorus in fish bait, improve the absorption and utilization rate of phosphorus by aquatic products, reduce the loss amount of phosphorus, thereby avoiding water eutrophication and protecting the water environment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a new application of sorbic acid. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing of people's living standards, the demand for aquatic products is increasing, and the quality requirements are also increasing, which promotes the continuous expansion of aquaculture scale, especially in recent years, net cage fish farming, special aquaculture has developed rapidly, and intensive farming is getting higher and higher, and the breeding varieties are also increasingly rich. There is evidence that natural bait such as ice-fresh small miscellaneous fish from natural fishery resources is declining year by year, and its supply stability cannot be guaranteed, and the price is rising year by year.

[0003] Although the compound bait can meet the needs of animal growth in the process of aquaculture and ensure the stability of supply, there are problems of low bait conversion rate and loss of nutritional components. Phosphorus is an important nutrient element indispensable to aquatic animals, and most compound baits for aquatic animals must add phosphorus to improve the growth performance of aquatic animals, and phosphorus deficiency will lead to poor development of aquatic animal bones. However, the utilization rate of phosphorus in bait by aquatic animals is low, and 50% to 70% of phosphorus in bait eventually enters the water, not only causing waste and pollution of phosphorus, but also causing eutrophication of water body, affecting water body and environmental safety.

[0004] At present, sorbic acid is mainly used as a food preservative for food, which is recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Health Organization as a high-efficiency and safe preservative for food preservation, and is widely used in food, beverage, tobacco, pesticide, cosmetic and other industries; as an unsaturated acid, sorbic acid can also be used in resin, spice and rubber industry. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to reduce the use of phosphorus in the existing compound bait, so as to avoid causing eutrophication of water body, while not affecting the growth and development of aquatic animals.

[0006] In the application of sorbic acid as a fish bait phosphorus-reducing agent, sorbic acid is used as a phosphorus-reducing agent.

[0007] Phosphorus-reducing agent: reducing the use of phosphorus in bait. The use of sorbic acid in the present application can effectively reduce the use of phosphorus in fish bait, improve the absorption and utilization rate of phosphorus by aquatic products (fish), and reduce the loss of phosphorus, so as to avoid eutrophication of water body and protect the water environment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0008] The technical scheme of the present application is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and also includes any combination of the specific embodiments.

[0009] Specific embodiment one: sorbic acid is used as a phosphorus-reducing agent in fish bait in this embodiment.

[0010] The embodiment can ensure normal growth and development of aquatic products, reduce 30%-60% of phosphorus in the bait, improve the bait coefficient, and reduce the risk of water pollution.

[0011] Specific embodiment two: the difference between the embodiment and the specific embodiment one is that the addition amount of sorbic acid accounts for 0.5%-2% of the total mass of the fish bait. The other steps and parameters are the same as those in the specific embodiment one.

[0012] Specific embodiment three: the difference between the embodiment and the specific embodiment one is that the addition amount of sorbic acid accounts for 1% of the total mass of the fish bait. The other steps and parameters are the same as those in the specific embodiment one.

[0013] Specific embodiment four: the difference between the embodiment and the specific embodiment one is that the sorbic acid powder with a particle size less than 40 mesh is mixed with other fish bait ingredients. The other steps and parameters are the same as those in the specific embodiment one.

[0014] Example 1

[0015] The Songpu mirror carp with an initial body weight of about 4.76 g was randomly divided into three groups, and three different baits (bait components are shown in Table 1) were used for feeding. The first group was fed with low-phosphorus bait (containing 1% NaH2PO4 in the bait), the second group was fed with normal bait (containing 2% NaH2PO4 in the bait), and the third group was fed with bait containing phosphorus-reducing agent (containing 1% NaH2PO4 and 1% sorbic acid in the bait). Each group had 4 replicates, 22 fish per replicate, and the final weight, weight gain rate, specific growth rate, feed coefficient, protein efficiency, condition factor and viscera index of the carp were measured after 8 weeks of feeding (as shown in Table 2).

[0016] Table 1

[0017]

[0018]

[0019] Table 2

[0020] Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Initial weight (g) 4.77±0.07 4.75±0.02 4.78±0.10 Final weight (g) 24.94±0.83a 27.37±1.30b 26.91±0.90b Weight gain rate (%) 415.87±19.79a 476.87±8.35b 457.59±9.47b Feed conversion ratio 1.95±0.11b 1.67±0.08a 1.76 ± 0.06ab Specific growth rate 2.45±0.06a 2.61±0.07b 2.56 ± 0.03ab Protein efficiency 1.52±0.07a 1.77±0.08b 1.68 ± 0.05ab Condition factor 1.83±0.05 1.81±0.06 1.79±0.07 Viscera index 9.02±1.08 8.25±1.13 9.30±1.49

[0021] Note: the same row data indicates significant difference (P<0.05), and the following table is the same.

[0022] According to the experimental data, the final weight, weight gain rate, specific growth rate and protein efficiency of the test Pseudorasbora parva in the second group (fed with normal bait) were significantly higher than those of the test Pseudorasbora parva in the first group (fed with low-phosphorus bait) (P<0.05), and the feed conversion coefficient of the second group was significantly lower than that of the first group (P<0.05). The final weight and weight gain rate of the test Pseudorasbora parva in the third group (fed with bait containing phosphorus reducing agent) were significantly higher than those of the test Pseudorasbora parva in the first group (fed with low-phosphorus bait) (P<0.05), and the feed conversion coefficient, specific growth rate and protein efficiency of the third group had no significant difference compared with those of the second group (P>0.05). The condition factor and viscera index of the test Pseudorasbora parva in each test group had no significant difference (P>0.05).

[0023] The third group adopts the technology, and the use amount of bait phosphorus can be reduced by 50%, and the growth performance of the test Pseudorasbora parva has no significant difference compared with that of the normal group. The technology can reduce the bait cost and reduce the loss of phosphorus and water eutrophication.

[0024] Example 2

[0025] The Jian carp with an initial weight of (5.07±0.02) g was randomly divided into three groups, and three different baits (bait composition is shown in Table 1) were used for feeding. The first group was fed with low-phosphorus bait (containing 1% NaH2PO4 in the bait), the second group was fed with normal bait (containing 2% NaH2PO4 in the bait), and the third group was fed with bait containing phosphorus reducing agent (containing 0.8% NaH2PO4 and 1% sorbic acid in the bait). Each group had 3 replicates, 30 fish per replicate, and the final weight, weight gain rate, specific growth rate, feed conversion coefficient, protein efficiency, condition factor and viscera index of the carp were measured after 8 weeks of feeding (as shown in Table 3).

[0026] Table 3

[0027] Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Initial weight (g) 5.07±0.01 5.06±0.02 5.09±0.04 Final weight (g) 30.27±1.62a 35.54±0.93b 34.00±1.41b Weight gain rate (%) 497.32±31.39a 603.08±19.66b 568.58±35.82b Feed conversion ratio 1.69±0.10b 1.49±0.05a 1.56 ± 0.06ab Specific growth rate 3.19±0.09a 3.48±0.05b 3.38 ± 0.17ab Protein efficiency 1.71±0.10a 1.94±0.07b 1.86±0.04b Condition factor 1.63±0.06 1.69±0.05 1.68±0.09 Viscera index 8.08±0.37 8.56±0.21 8.90±0.59

[0028] According to the experimental data, the final weight, weight gain rate, specific growth rate and protein efficiency of the test Pseudorasbora parva in the second group (fed with normal bait) were significantly higher than those of the test Pseudorasbora parva in the first group (fed with low-phosphorus bait) (P<0.05), and the feed conversion coefficient of the second group was significantly lower than that of the first group (P<0.05). The final weight, weight gain rate and protein efficiency of the test Pseudorasbora parva in the third group (fed with bait containing phosphorus reducing agent) were significantly higher than those of the test Pseudorasbora parva in the first group (fed with low-phosphorus bait) (P<0.05), and the feed conversion coefficient and specific growth rate of the third group had no significant difference compared with those of the second group (P>0.05). The condition factor and viscera index of the test Pseudorasbora parva in each test group had no significant difference (P>0.05). The condition factor and viscera index of the test Pseudorasbora parva in each test group had no significant difference (P>0.05).

[0029] The third group adopts the technical solution, and the phosphorus usage of bait can be reduced by 60%, the growth performance of the test Jian carp is not significantly different compared with the normal phosphorus addition group. The technical solution can reduce the bait cost, and can reduce the loss of phosphorus and water eutrophication.

[0030] Cultivation management of the carp in the examples 2 and 3:

[0031] The test respectively takes (4.76±0.02) g or so of Songpu mirror carp and (5.07±0.02) g of Jian carp as test animals, after temporary cultivation in indoor temperature-controlled aquarium for 2 weeks, the healthy juvenile fish with the same specification are selected to carry out the test, and the test period is 8 weeks. During the test, the fish are fed 3 times a day, and the feeding is based on the full stomach without residual bait, the temperature is (23±1) DEG C, the oxygen is supplied for 24 hours without interruption, the dissolved oxygen is greater than 5 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen content is less than 0.2 mg / L, the sewage is pumped every day, and 1 / 3 of the water is replaced every 3 days.

Claims

1. The application of sorbic acid as a phosphorus-reducing agent in bait, characterized in that, Sorbic acid is used as a phosphorus-reducing agent in the feed; the amount of sorbic acid added accounts for 0.5-2% of the total mass of the feed; the feed is used to feed carp.

2. The application of sorbic acid as a phosphorus-reducing agent in feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amount of sorbic acid added accounts for 1% of the total mass of the feed.

3. The application of sorbic acid as a phosphorus-reducing agent in feed according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Sorbic acid powder is a mixture of powder with a particle size of less than 40 mesh and other bait ingredients.

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