A portable visual electrophysiological detection system

Abstract

The present invention provides a portable visual electrophysiological detection system, including a head-mounted device, the head-mounted device is used to place a mobile device, a detection electrode, and a signal amplifier. The head-mounted device also includes a multi-channel structure. The signal of each detection electrode passes through the signal amplifier and then the multi-channel structure collects and outputs the signal of each detection electrode to the mobile device. The short connecting line between the sensor and the amplifier of the present invention will eliminate most of the external noise and interference. This design enables the signal to have a higher signal-to-noise ratio, higher reproducibility, higher common mode rejection ratio and improve sensitivity to lower stimuli. The electrode can be made into a disposable electrode to prevent infection, which is beneficial to patients and doctors and meets hospital infection control standards.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ophthalmic medical treatment, and in particular to a portable visual electrophysiological detection system. [Background Technology]

[0002] Visual electrophysiological testing is a technology that records the changes in potential released from the eyes, optic nerves or brain under light or graphic visual stimulation. It can objectively measure the functions of the retina, optic nerve and visual pathway.

[0003] Visual electrophysiological testing mainly includes:

[0004] 1. Electroretinogram (ERG)

[0005] The electroretinogram (ERG) mainly reflects the function of photoreceptor cells to bipolar cells and amacrine cells in the retina. It is commonly used in the diagnosis of inherited retinal degeneration (such as retinitis pigmentosa, etc.), diabetic retinopathy, retinal detachment, ocular trauma (such as retinal siderosis and sympathetic ophthalmia, etc.), color blindness and other diseases in clinical practice.

[0006] 2. Electric Eye Diagram (EOG)

[0007] Electrooculogram (EOG) measures the retinal electrostatic potential between the retinal pigment epithelium and the photoreceptor cells. According to the changes in the retinal resting potential under light and dark adaptation conditions, it can reflect the photochemical reaction of the photoreceptor cells and the functional status of the outer retina. It can also be used to measure the physiological changes of eye position and eye movement.

[0008] 3. Visual evoked potential (VEP)

[0009] Visual evoked potential (VEP) is the functional state of the retinal ganglion cells to the visual cortex. The purpose of the examination is to infer the health of the conduction fibers from the retina to the cerebral cortex and the functional activity of the visual cortex. When the EOG and ERG examinations of patients with visual loss are normal, the lesion is between the ganglion cells and the cerebral cortex.

[0010] 4. Multifocal electroretinogram (MfERG)

[0011] The multifocal electroretinogram (MfERG) system allows the assessment of electroretinogram activity in small areas of the retina. With this method, multifocal electroretinograms can be recorded from hundreds of retinal areas within minutes.

[0012] Visual electrophysiological testing provides clinical diagnosis of eye diseases, exclusion of specific conditions, prognosis and evaluation of visual function during treatment, and also plays an important role in the early diagnosis of eye diseases in patients. The testing instrument generally consists of three main parts, including: detection electrodes, light or graphic stimulators, and data recording and processing devices.

[0013] Electrodes for visual electrophysiology are commercially available, but most are passive electrodes that do not contain any active electronic components. As we all know, passive electrodes have the problem of low interference resistance. Therefore, in visual electrophysiology, electromagnetic noise from the environment usually interferes with the signal. 50Hz / 60Hz noise is particularly common, which is called line noise because it is emitted by the power cable. Therefore, the quality of visual electrophysiology signals is affected, thereby reducing their diagnostic ability. Most commercial visual electrophysiology electrodes have long transmission wires, which are convenient for connecting to distant devices, but make the electrodes more susceptible to electromagnetic noise. For passive electrodes, there has always been a trade-off between convenience and recording quality. Also because active electrodes are easily interfered by electromagnetic noise. It is easy to have deviations in analysis and affect accurate judgment.

[0014] On the other hand, the general equipment that integrates all visual electrophysiological examinations is relatively expensive and large in size. There is no product that can combine electrode detection and wearability in one. In some cases, such as at the bedside or in the treatment room of a hospital, the patient may be sitting, leaning or lying because it is inconvenient to move. At this time, we need a device that can be easily placed in front of the patient for testing, so the mobility of the visual electrophysiological detector is very important. When observing in a darkroom, it is necessary to go to a special darkroom room to achieve it, which wastes a lot of space. As the technology of smart portable devices becomes mature and popular, today's smart portable devices can be easily operated and relatively cheap. Our usability technology for smart portable devices allows smart portable devices to be expanded into ophthalmic clinical visual electrophysiological detection devices. Combined with the active electrodes compatible with smart portable devices developed by us, it becomes an ideal choice for use outside general testing environments and remote areas of the world. [Summary of the invention]

[0015] The invention solves the problems of large size, inconvenient use and low precision of existing visual electrophysiological detection equipment and provides a portable visual electrophysiological detection system.

[0016] A portable visual electrophysiological detection system of the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0017] A portable visual electrophysiological detection system includes a head-mounted device, wherein the head-mounted device is used to place a mobile device, detection electrodes, and a signal amplifier. The head-mounted device also includes a multi-channel structure. The signals of each detection electrode pass through the signal amplifier and then are collected and output to the mobile device through the multi-channel structure.

[0018] Preferably, the detection electrodes are ERG electrodes, EOG electrodes and VEP electrodes.

[0019] Preferably, the signal amplifier is a pre-signal amplifier and a VEP signal amplifier, the pre-signal amplifier has an adjustable gain knob for amplifying the ERG electrode and EOG electrode signals, and the VEP signal amplifier has an adjustable gain knob for amplifying the VEP electrode signal; the detected signal is connected to the mobile device through an independent channel after the multi-channel structure is converted.

[0020] Preferably, the pre-signal amplifier is provided with an LCD display screen for reading the test data in real time.

[0021] Preferably, the signal amplifier is also provided with an independent battery module.

[0022] Preferably, the pre-signal amplifier further comprises a ground electrode and a reference electrode, and the ERG electrode and the EOG electrode share the same ground electrode and reference electrode.

[0023] Preferably, there are three types of ERG electrodes, namely corneal contact type, conjunctival contact type and skin contact type.

[0024] Preferably, the ERG electrode, EOG electrode, VEP electrode, ground electrode and reference electrode are detachably connected to respective signal amplifiers via magnetic components.

[0025] Preferably, the connecting parts of the magnetic component are plated with gold or silver chloride.

[0026] Preferably, the mobile device is provided with a display screen, a processor, a software module and a stimulation module, that is, the mobile device integrates data processing, display and stimulation functions, and can also convert the detected electrical signals into graphic displays.

[0027] Preferably, the software module controls a display screen for stimulation, and the display screen is an OLED display screen used in accordance with the international ISCEV standard.

[0028] Preferably, the head-mounted device further comprises a VEP electrode placement frame, on which are provided 5 VEP electrode slots arranged in a cross shape for placing VEP electrodes.

[0029] Preferably, the head-mounted device is provided with an elastic structure for placing the mobile device.

[0030] Preferably, the head-mounted device can form a dark room, that is, after putting the mobile device on the head-mounted device, the space formed by the mobile device can be seen through both eyes as a dark room without light leakage.

[0031] Preferably, the head mounted device further comprises two focal lenses, and the eyes need to see the screen of the mobile device through the focal lenses.

[0032] The portable visual electrophysiological detection system provided by the present invention can simultaneously realize the retinal cell function inspection and the retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptor complex function inspection by using the ERG electrode and the EOG electrode to share a reference electrode and a ground electrode. In addition, the VEP electrode can realize the inspection of the visual pathway status.

[0033] The preamplifier is realized by attaching the reference electrode to the face of the person through the head-mounted device, as close to the signal source as possible, reducing the length of the wire, eliminating the noise from the cable wire, and solving the problems of weak signal and much interference in the use of traditional detection devices. By setting up a battery module, the active electrode is more resistant to electronic interference because it amplifies the signal of the source.

[0034] The head-mounted device can form a darkroom with the mobile device to achieve the conditions for detection. The head-mounted device is light and convenient, small in size, and easy to carry. The detected data is directly connected to the data processing and display device through wires, and the detection results can be obtained in real time. [Drawings]

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of wearing the portable visual electrophysiological detection system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 A perspective view of a portable visual electrophysiological detection system of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a head-mounted device and a mobile device of a portable visual electrophysiological detection system of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of wearing the portable visual electrophysiological detection system of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the VEP electrode and the VEP electrode placement rack of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the ERG electrode and EOG electrode detection device of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ERG electrode of the present invention in the conjunctiva contact type and the skin contact type.

[0042] Figure 8Schematic diagram of wearing the ERG electrode of the present invention in conjunctival contact type and skin contact type.

[0043] Fig. 9 The circuit diagram of the ERG electrode and EOG electrode pre-signal amplifier of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.10 The ERG electrogram is a comparison between the ERG electrode of the present invention and the traditional ERG electrode during the same detection time;

[0045] Fig.11 The ERG electrode of the present invention has better repeatability of ERG electrograms obtained by multiple detections within the same detection time;

[0046] Fig.12 It is the EOG electrode waveform diagram of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.13 It is the VEP electrode waveform diagram of the present invention;

[0048] Among them, in the figure, 1 is a head-mounted device, 101 is an elastic structure, 102 is a multi-channel structure, 103 is a darkroom, 104 is a focal lens, 2 is a mobile device, 3 is a VEP electrode placement rack, 31 is a VEP electrode slot, 4 is a VEP electrode, a first VEP electrode 401, a second VEP electrode 402, a third VEP electrode 403, a fourth VEP electrode 404, a fifth VEP electrode 405, 41 is a VEP signal amplifier, 42 is an adjustable gain knob, 5 is a pre-signal amplifier, 51 is an LCD display, 53 is an adjustable gain knob, 6 is a reference electrode, 7 is a ground electrode, 8 is an EOG electrode, 9 is an ERG electrode / corneal contact type ERG electrode, 91 is a conjunctival contact type ERG electrode, and 92 is a skin contact type ERG electrode. [Specific implementation method]

[0049] In order to make the technical means implemented by the present invention clear and understandable, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features.

[0050] like Figure 1-8 As shown, a portable visual electrophysiological detection system includes a head mounted device 1, the head mounted device 1 is used to place a mobile device 2, detection electrodes, and a signal amplifier. The head mounted device 1 also includes a multi-channel structure 102. The signals of each detection electrode are collected and output to the mobile device 2 through the multi-channel structure 102 after passing through the signal amplifier. Each detection electrode is connected to the signal amplifier through a wire, and the wire adopts a twisted pair to reduce the interference of other signals on each detection signal.

[0051] Among them, the detection electrodes are ERG electrode 9, EOG electrode 8 and VEP electrode 4, among which there are five VEP electrodes 4, namely the first VEP electrode 401, the second VEP electrode 402, the third VEP electrode 403, the fourth VEP electrode 404, and the fifth VEP electrode 405.

[0052] The signal amplifiers are a pre-signal amplifier 5 and a VEP signal amplifier 41. Each VEP electrode has a VEP signal amplifier. Here, one VEP electrode is selected for illustration, and the other VEP electrodes are the same, that is, the VEP signal amplifier 41 has an adjustable gain knob 42 for amplifying the signal of the VEP electrode; the detected signal is connected to the mobile device 2 through an independent channel after conversion in the multi-channel structure 102.

[0053] The preamplifier 5 has an LCD display screen 51 for reading test data in real time, such as impedance value.

[0054] The signal amplifier also has an independent battery module, which uses standard medical batteries.

[0055] The preamplifier 5 also includes a ground electrode 7 and a reference electrode 6. The ERG electrode 9 and the EOG electrode 8 share a ground electrode 7 and a reference electrode 6. ERG records the potential changes of the cells in the retina through the contact between the electrode and the cornea, and EOG records the resting potential changes of the eyeball through the contact between the electrode and the skin on both sides of the eye socket. The ERG electrode and the EOG electrode share a reference electrode 6. The reference electrode 6 is attached to the surface of the human face skin. At the same time, the preamplifier 5 is also placed close to the signal source of the human eye. Preferably, the reference electrode 6 is placed on the inner side of the preamplifier 5, that is, the reference electrode 6 is attached to the temple after wearing.

[0056] The pre-signal amplifier 5 also includes a signal amplification circuit. The pre-signal amplifier 5 is provided with two adjustable gain knobs 53 for respectively changing the signals of the ERG electrode 4 and the EOG electrode 5. After being changed by the pre-signal amplifier 5, the detected signal is connected to the multi-channel structure 102 through two wires, one of which transmits the ERG electrode signal and the other transmits the EOG electrode signal.

[0057] The ERG electrode can be designed to contact the eyeball in three forms: corneal contact type 9, conjunctival contact type 91 and skin contact type 92. The contact end of the corneal contact type ERG electrode is a mirror contact, such as Figure 6 As shown. The contact end of the conjunctival contact type ERG electrode is a linear contact, such as Figure 7 As shown on the left. The contact end of the skin contact ERG electrode is an adhesive contact. Figure 7 right.

[0058] The ERG electrode 9, EOG electrode 8, VEP electrode 4, ground electrode 7 and reference electrode 6 are detachably connected to the signal amplifier via magnetic components. The preamplifier 5 is provided with magnetic connectors correspondingly connected to the ERG electrode, EOG electrode, ground electrode 7 and reference electrode 6.

[0059] The connection parts of magnetic components are plated with gold or silver chloride.

[0060] The mobile device 2 is provided with a display screen, a processor, a software module and a stimulation module, that is, the mobile device 2 integrates data processing, display, and stimulation functions, and can also convert the detected electrical signal into a graphic display. The software module in the mobile device can control the screen to display as required.

[0061] The software module controls the display screen to stimulate, and the display screen is an OLED display screen used in accordance with the international ISCEV standard.

[0062] The head-mounted device also has a VEP electrode placement frame 3, on which there are five VEP electrode slots 31, which are arranged in a cross shape and are used to place VEP electrodes 4. The head-mounted device 1 is provided with an elastic structure 101 for placing the mobile device 2, which is convenient for placing mobile devices 2 of different sizes or adjusting the position of the mobile device 2. The head-mounted device can form a dark room 103, that is, after the mobile device 2 is placed on the head-mounted device, the space formed by the mobile device is seen through the eyes as a dark room without light leakage.

[0063] The head mounted device 1 also includes two focal lenses 104, i.e. convex lenses, through which the eyes need to see the screen of the mobile device 2, so that when the patient uses it, the focal lenses are used to generate a three-dimensional visual effect with a sense of space and display it in the brain, so as to detect the reaction of the human eye in a specific mode.

[0064] Figure 1-8 What is shown is monocular detection. The present invention can also detect both eyes at the same time by setting two preamplifiers, and the principle is the same.

[0065] Fig. 9 FIG. 4 is a circuit design schematic diagram of the pre-signal amplifier 5 of the device of the present invention.

[0066] The working process of the present invention is:

[0067] a. Select appropriate ERG electrodes and EOG electrodes, place the ERG electrodes near the eyeballs of the human eye, and place the EOG electrodes at different locations near the eyelids of the human face;

[0068] b. Place the ground electrode close to the center of the forehead, and then connect the corresponding magnetic component and the magnetic connector together.

[0069] c. The reference electrode is attached to the skin of the human face, preferably at the temple of the human face.

[0070] d. Connect the signal wires of the ERG electrode and EOG electrode and the wires of the ground electrode to the preamplifier.

[0071] e. Wear the head-mounted device, put on the VEP electrodes together with the head-mounted device, align the fifth VEP electrode 405 at the bottom of the VEP electrode holder with the protruding position outside the occipital bone of the back of the human head, place 5 VEP electrodes, and connect the wires to the multi-channel structure.

[0072] f. The pre-signal amplifier is connected to the multi-channel structure on the head-mounted device through a signal wire; one of the two wires is the signal wire of the ERG electrode, and the other is the signal wire of the EOG electrode. The wires of the multi-channel structure are connected to the interface on the mobile device;

[0073] g. After the human eye has been in a dark room for a certain period of time, turn on the mobile device for stimulation and select the appropriate stimulation mode through the built-in APP or software;

[0074] h. The software of the mobile device will record the electrical signals detected by each electrode and convert them into waveforms for display.

[0075] i. After the test is completed, remove the reference electrode, ground electrode, ERG electrode, EOG electrode, and VEP electrode in preparation for replacing new electrodes for the next test. The pre-signal amplifier can be reused.

[0076] The present invention connects the ERG electrode and the EOG electrode to a preamplifier as signal pickup electrodes to jointly pick up the signal of the eyeball and use the same reference electrode. The ground electrode is used as an anti-interference electrode to reduce the influence of the common-mode interference voltage of the power grid on the signal connection circuit. The ERG records the potential changes of the cells in the retina through the contact between the electrode and the cornea, and the EOG records the resting potential changes of the eyeball through the contact between the electrode and the specific position around the orbit. The two signals are independent, and the signals at the two positions serve as a reference to each other to help analyze and diagnose the disease. From a medical point of view, the ERG signal is mainly a test of the function of retinal cells, and the EOG is an auxiliary reference signal for the functional test of the retinal pigment epithelium and the photoreceptor complex.

[0077] The present invention utilizes a head-mounted device to form a darkroom with a flash stimulator and a wearable device to achieve the detection conditions. The wearable device is light and convenient. Meanwhile, the corresponding electrodes are directly arranged on the head-mounted device, which is more convenient to use. The detected data is directly connected to a data processing and display device through a wire, and the detection results can be obtained in real time.

[0078] The portable visual electrophysiological detection system of the present invention is superior in sensitivity and repetitive sensitivity than previous detection devices. Fig.10In order to compare single tests within the same test time, the active electrode detection device of the improved visual electrophysiological detection system has a higher threshold value for detecting electrograms than the previous one, and the detection sensitivity is improved. Fig.11 In order to achieve better repetition of threshold values ​​of electrograms detected multiple times within the same detection time. At the same time, the design of the preamplifier and VEP signal amplifier makes the EOG electrode, reference electrode, ground electrode, VEP electrode and the signal amplifier itself close to the signal source, the connection line is short, which greatly reduces external signal interference, and the twisted pair offsets the mutual interference of two-channel detection. The gold-plated magnetic connector facilitates the installation of ERG electrodes, EOG electrodes, and VEP electrodes. The gold-plated or silver-chloride-plated connector can reduce contact resistance, increase conductivity, and prevent rust.

[0079] Compared with passive electrodes, the new active electrode design can improve the accuracy and repeatability of recorded signals. The main feature of the design is the short connection line between the sensor and the amplifier. With a short transmission line, most of the external noise and interference will be eliminated. The design enables the signal to have a higher signal-to-noise ratio, higher reproducibility, higher common mode rejection ratio and lower stimulation level. The electrode can be made into a disposable electrode to prevent infection, which is beneficial to patients and doctors and meets hospital infection control standards.

[0080] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, wherein the wires do not use twisted pair wires, other wires can also realize signal transmission, and direct wire connection without magnetic connector connection can also check the signal, but its accuracy is not as good as the above embodiment.

[0081] All technical solutions that fall within the principle of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, several improvements made without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be considered as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable visual electrophysiological detection system, It is characterized in that The head-mounted device includes a head-mounted device for placing a mobile device, detection electrodes, and a signal amplifier. The head-mounted device also includes a multi-channel structure. The signals of each detection electrode are collected and output to the mobile device through the multi-channel structure after passing through the signal amplifier. The detection electrodes are ERG electrodes, EOG electrodes and VEP electrodes; The head-mounted device also has a VEP electrode placement frame, on which there are 5 VEP electrode slots, which are arranged in a cross shape and are used to place VEP electrodes; The head-mounted device can form a dark room, that is, after putting on the mobile device, the space formed by the mobile device can be seen through both eyes as a dark room without light leakage; the head-mounted device also includes two focal lenses, and the eyes need to see the screen of the mobile device through the focal lenses; wherein, the ERG electrode records the potential changes of the retinal cells through the contact between the electrode and the cornea, and the EOG electrode records the resting potential changes of the eyeball through the contact between the electrode and the skin on both sides of the eye socket.

2. A portable visual electrophysiological detection system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The signal amplifiers are pre-signal amplifiers and VEP signal amplifiers. The pre-signal amplifier has an adjustable gain knob for amplifying ERG electrode and EOG electrode signals, and the VEP signal amplifier has an adjustable gain knob for amplifying VEP electrode signals. The detected signals are connected to a mobile device through independent channels after multi-channel structure conversion.

3. A portable visual electrophysiological detection system according to claim 2, It is characterized in that There is an LCD display on the preamplifier for real-time reading of test data.

4. A portable visual electrophysiological detection system according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The signal amplifier also has an independent battery module.

5. A portable visual electrophysiological detection system according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The pre-signal amplifier further comprises a ground electrode and a reference electrode, and the ERG electrode and the EOG electrode share the same ground electrode and reference electrode.

6. A portable visual electrophysiological detection system according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The ERG electrode, EOG electrode, VEP electrode, ground electrode and reference electrode are detachably connected to respective signal amplifiers via magnetic components.

7. A portable visual electrophysiological detection system according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The connecting parts of the magnetic components are plated with gold or silver chloride.

8. A portable visual electrophysiological detection system according to claim 6, It is characterized in that There are three types of ERG electrodes: corneal contact type, conjunctival contact type, and skin contact type.

9. A portable visual electrophysiological detection system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The mobile device is provided with a display screen, a processor, a software module and a stimulation module, that is, the mobile device integrates data processing, display and stimulation functions, and can also convert the detected electrical signal into a graphic display.

10. A portable visual electrophysiological detection system according to claim 9, It is characterized in that The software module controls the display screen to stimulate, and the display screen is an OLED display screen used according to the international ISCEV standard.

11. A portable visual electrophysiological detection system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The head-mounted device is provided with an elastic structure for placing a mobile device.

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