Horizontal tube falling film icing switching ice melting ice source heat pump driven multi-effect desalination

Abstract

Horizontal tube falling film freezing switching melting ice source heat pump drives multi-effect desalination: the ice source heat pump evaporator provides antifreeze closed-loop cooling capacity, driving multiple sets of horizontal tube falling film freezing heat collectors to extract the falling film freezing latent heat of the open-loop brine flow in parallel, realize multi-effect freezing separation of ice layer and brine, and provide ice storage air conditioning in summer; the condenser provides closed-loop heat, a small amount of which switches to provide the latent heat of melting ice on the inner surface of the ice layer of each set of heat collectors, forcing the remaining ice layer to fall by its own weight, crushed ice, separated by wire mesh and centrifugal separation, while most of it drives the heating cycle and realizes brine concentration simultaneously. The efficient solar energy supplementary heat 0℃ ice melting provides a continuous heat source.

Description

(I) Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to a multi-effect desalination driven by a horizontal tube falling film freezing and switching ice melting ice source heat pump. The ice source heat pump realizes multi-effect salt water concentration / seawater desalination / wastewater treatment, and can also generate heat in winter and provide ice cold storage in summer. In addition, it can also be used as an intermediate heat collector for various sewage heat pumps. (II) Background technology

[0002] The heating effect of water source heat pump is very ideal, but the utilization of water resources is strictly restricted by water environment protection; while ground source heat pump increases the temperature difference of heat pump cycle because it indirectly extracts heat through buried pipes, so the energy saving effect is not ideal, and the investment in buried pipes is high.

[0003] However, the latent heat of solidification of water is 335kJ / kg. Therefore, the latent heat of solidification released when each kilogram of fresh water freezes is equivalent to the sensible heat value released when the temperature drops by 80℃ per kilogram of fresh water. Therefore, the water source heat pump that generally extracts sensible heat from a water source with a temperature drop of 5℃ will have a water source flow demand that is 16 times that of an ice source heat pump, thereby reducing the water consumption of the ice source heat pump to 1 / 16 and greatly reducing the dependence on water resources, thereby effectively breaking the limitations of water resources on the heat source of the heat pump and having extremely high commercial value.

[0004] 1. Freezing and heat extraction of low-temperature ethylene glycol solution: The existing ice source heat pump is essentially just an integrated combination of a motor-driven mechanical de-icing device, a motor-driven mechanical ice discharge device and an ethylene glycol heat pump unit. On the one hand, the evaporator of the ethylene glycol heat pump unit provides low-temperature ethylene glycol solution circulation for multiple flows in parallel vertical pipe rows to extract the latent heat of freezing of fresh water flowing through the flow channel on the outer wall of the vertical pipe row.

[0005] 2. Continuous de-icing by ice blades driven by a reduction motor: A reduction motor drives multiple vertical, coaxial, rotary ice blades to rotate in their respective flow channels to continuously scrape and break the ice layer formed on the outer wall of the vertical tube row, and the scraped ice must be washed away in time by sufficient water flow in the flow channel. Only in this way can the low-temperature ethylene glycol solution continuously extract the latent heat of freezing; on the other hand, the condenser of the ethylene glycol heat pump unit drives the heating cycle, and a considerable part of the heat of the heating cycle must be extracted to heat the low-temperature ethylene glycol solution to a temperature above the temperature required for melting ice, and used for melting the outer wall of the vertical tube row, while part of the ice-melting heat is ineffectively taken away by sufficient water flow in the flow channel.

[0006] 3. In order to ensure that the ice produced in the heat exchanger can be taken out in time, a mechanical ice discharge device must be separately installed outside the heat exchanger. A reduction motor drives multiple vertical, coaxial, and rotary ice-plowing plates to rotate in the circuitous flow channel to continuously move and continue to break the ice layer discharged from the heat exchanger. The moved and broken ice must also be washed away in time by sufficient water flow in the flow channel. Only in this way can continuous ice discharge be achieved.

[0007] 4. Therefore, the existing ice source heat pump is very inefficient and expensive, and its technical and economic defects are:

[0008] (1) The investment cost and operating cost of the mechanical deicing device of the ice heater are relatively high;

[0009] (2) The circulating water flow in the heat extraction flow channel is large, which makes the investment cost and operating cost of the heat extraction circulation pump large;

[0010] (3) The larger water flow in the heat extraction channel consumes not only the cooling capacity of the vertical tube row, but also the melting heat of the vertical tube row, thus greatly reducing the heating energy efficiency of the ice source heat pump;

[0011] (4) The mass of ice that can be transported per unit circulating water flow in the hot runner is very limited;

[0012] (5) The investment cost and operating cost of the rotating ice-pump and ice-pump of the mechanical ice-removal device are relatively high.

[0013] Therefore, the existing ice source heat pump must be assisted by mechanical and hydraulic assistance to complete its working process, and both mechanical and hydraulic assistance require large investment costs and operating costs; thus limiting the technical popularization and large-scale heating of this ice source heat pump.

[0014] 5. Advantages of freezing desalination:

[0015] (1) Since the chemical activity inflection point of water is 60°C, seawater desalination by freezing, separating, and concentrating at 0°C can effectively treat highly corrosive solutions or heat-sensitive materials;

[0016] (2) The process is implemented in an open device, thus avoiding a series of complex process control processes such as vacuuming;

[0017] (3) Since the latent heat of freezing of water is only 1 / 7 of its latent heat of vaporization, the investment in the ethylene glycol heat pump unit in the refrigeration method is reduced by more than half compared to the investment in the heat pump unit in the distillation method. (III) Summary of the invention

[0018] The purpose of the present invention is to provide closed-loop cooling capacity of antifreeze by ice source heat pump evaporator, drive multiple groups of horizontal tube falling film ice heat collectors, extract the falling film ice latent heat of open-loop brine flow in parallel, realize multi-effect freezing separation of ice layer and brine, and provide ice storage air conditioning in summer; provide closed-loop heat by its condenser, a small amount of which is switched to provide latent heat for melting ice on the inner surface of each group of heat collectors, forcing the remaining ice layer to fall, crush, separate by wire mesh and centrifuge by its own weight, while most of it drives the heating cycle and realizes brine concentration synchronously. Solar energy is used to efficiently supplement heat to melt ice at 0℃ to provide a continuous heat source.

[0019] According to the attached Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 2 The multi-effect desalination driven by the horizontal tube falling film freezing switching ice melting ice source heat pump shown in the figure is composed of 1-compressor; 2-condenser; 3-expansion valve; 4-evaporator; 5-falling film circulation pump; 6-liquid pre-distributor; 7-liquid secondary distributor; 8-reverse multi-process horizontal tube falling film freezing heat collector; 8-1-metal pipe; 8-2-inlet header; 8-3-outlet header; 9-gravity ice crusher; 10-inclined wire mesh funnel; 11-centrifugal separation wire mesh basket; 12-rotating chassis; 13-reduction motor; 14-circulating water pool; 15-flow regulating valve; 16-inlet switching three-way valve; 17-outlet switching three-way valve; 18-heat extraction circulation pump; 19-heat supply circulation pump; 20-closed cycle cooling tower; 21-heating fan coil; 2 2-deicing heating coil; 23-solar deicing pool; 23-1-translucent cover; 23-2-insulation layer; 23-3-heat pipe; 23-4-crushed ice inlet; 24-deicing heater; 25-terminal control valve; 26-deicing circulation pump; 27-air conditioning circulation pump; 28-air conditioning fan coil; 29-hot water heater; 30-hot water circulation pump; 31-insulated hot water tank; 32-liquid level switch; 33-water supply valve; 34-manual regulating valve; 35-hot water nozzle; 36-fresh water valve; 37-antifreeze; 38-feed liquid (brine / seawater / sewage); 39-concentrate; 40-fresh water; 41-tap water; 42-isolation cover; 43-shading plate; 44-insulation mechanical transportation equipment, characterized in that:

[0020] The circulating water side of the condenser 2 of the ice source heat pump provides heating capacity to drive the parallel closed-loop cooling tower 20, the heating fan coil 21, the ice melting heating coil 22, the ice melting heater 24, and the hot water heater 29. The antifreeze side of the evaporator 4 of the ice source heat pump provides cooling capacity to drive multiple sets of parallel reverse multi-process horizontal tube falling film ice heat collectors 8;

[0021] The compressor 1, the heat pump working medium side of the condenser 2, the expansion valve 3, the heat pump working medium side of the evaporator 4, and the compressor 1 are connected in series through the heat pump working medium pipeline to form an ice source heat pump circulation loop;

[0022] The bottom outlet of the circulating water pool 14, the converging tee, the falling film circulating pump 5, the diverting tee, the liquid pre-distributor 6, the liquid secondary distributor 7, the outer wall of the horizontal tube of the reverse multi-flow horizontal tube falling film freezing heat collector 8, the gravity ice crusher 9, the inclined wire mesh funnel 10, and the circulating water pool 14 are connected in series through a brine pipeline to form a horizontal tube falling film exothermic freezing circuit;

[0023] A reverse multi-flow horizontal tube falling film ice heat collector 8, a gravity ice crusher 9, and an inclined wire mesh funnel 10 form a wire mesh separation circuit for crushed ice and brine;

[0024] The reduction motor 13 drives the centrifugal separation wire mesh basket frame 11 to rotate at high speed through the rotating chassis 12, forming a centrifugal separation circuit for crushed ice and brine;

[0025] The centrifugal separation wire mesh basket frame 11 is connected to the side wall crushed ice inlet 23-4 of the solar ice melting pool 23 through the heat-insulating mechanical transportation device 44 to form a crushed ice transportation circuit;

[0026] The inlet of the feed liquid (brine / seawater / sewage) 38, the flow regulating valve 15, the converging tee, and the inlet of the I-effect falling film circulation pump 5 are connected in series through the brine pipeline to form a feed liquid (brine / seawater / sewage) replenishment loop;

[0027] The liquid level switch 32 on the upper side wall of the I-effect circulating water pool 14 controls the opening of the flow regulating valve 15 through the liquid level signal, forming a feed liquid (brine / seawater / sewage) replenishment control loop;

[0028] The bottom outlet of the II effect circulating water pool 14, the converging tee, the II effect falling film circulating pump 5, the diverting tee, the flow regulating valve 15, and the outlet of the concentrated liquid 39 are connected in series through a brine pipeline to form a concentrated liquid discharge loop;

[0029] The feed liquid (brine / seawater / wastewater) replenishment circuit, 1-60 groups of horizontal tube falling film exothermic freezing circuits, and concentrated liquid discharge circuits constitute a multi-effect falling film freezing and freezing concentration circuit, in which the order of each effect is represented by Roman numerals I effect, II effect, III effect, IV effect, ..., VIX effect;

[0030] The antifreeze pipeline is connected in series with a heat extraction circulation pump 18, the antifreeze side of the evaporator 4, a diversion tee, an inlet switching three-way valve 16, 1-60 groups of parallel reverse multi-flow horizontal tube falling film ice heat collectors 8, an outlet switching three-way valve 17, a converging tee, and a heat extraction circulation pump 18 to form an antifreeze parallel heat extraction circulation loop;

[0031] The antifreeze liquid pipeline is connected in series with an ice-melting circulation pump 26, an ice-melting heater 24 antifreeze liquid side, a diversion tee, an inlet switching tee valve 16, a reverse multi-flow cross-tube falling film ice heat collector 8, an outlet switching tee valve 17, a converging tee, and an ice-melting circulation pump 26 to form an antifreeze liquid switching ice-melting circulation loop;

[0032] The antifreeze liquid pipeline is connected in series with the ice-melting circulation pump 26, the antifreeze liquid side of the ice-melting heater 24, the diversion tee, the ice-melting heat storage tank 24-1, the converging tee, and the ice-melting circulation pump 26 to form an antifreeze liquid ice-melting heat storage circulation loop;

[0033] The circulating water pipeline is connected in series with the heating circulating pump 19, the circulating water side of the condenser 2, the diverting tee, the closed-loop cooling tower 20, the terminal control valve 25, the converging tee, and the heating circulating pump 19 to form a cooling circulation loop;

[0034] The heating circulation pump 19, the circulating water side of the condenser 2, the diversion tee, the heating fan coil 21, the terminal control valve 25, the converging tee, and the heating circulation pump 19 are connected in series through the circulating water pipeline to form a heating circulation loop;

[0035] The heating circulation pump 19, the circulating water side of the condenser 2, the diversion tee, the deicing heating coil 22, the terminal control valve 25, the converging tee, and the heating circulation pump 19 are connected in series through the circulating water pipeline to form a deicing circulation loop;

[0036] The heating circulation pump 19, the circulating water side of the condenser 2, the diversion tee, the ice melting heater 24, the terminal control valve 25, the converging tee, and the heating circulation pump 19 are connected in series through the circulating water pipeline to form an ice melting heating circulation loop;

[0037] The circulating water pipeline is connected in series with the heating circulating pump 19, the circulating water side of the condenser 2, the diverting tee, the hot water heater 29, the terminal control valve 25, the converging tee, and the heating circulating pump 19 to form a hot water heating circulation loop;

[0038] The bottom outlet of the solar ice-melting pool 23, the air-conditioning circulation pump 27, the diversion tee, the air-conditioning fan coil 28, the terminal control valve 25, the converging tee, the top inlet of the solar ice-melting pool 23, and the bottom outlet of the solar ice-melting pool 23 are connected in series through an ice water pipeline to form an ice storage air-conditioning and ice-melting circulation loop;

[0039] The bottom outlet of the solar ice-melting pool 23, the air-conditioning circulation pump 27, the diversion tee, the fresh water taking valve 36, and the outlet of the fresh water 40 are connected in series through the ice water pipeline to form a fresh water taking circuit;

[0040] The hot water circulation pump 30, the hot water side of the hot water heater 29, the heat preservation hot water tank 31, the water supply tee, and the hot water circulation pump 30 are connected in series through the hot water pipeline to form a hot water circulation loop;

[0041] The liquid level switch 32 on the upper side wall of the heat preservation hot water tank 31 controls the opening of the water supply valve 33 through the liquid level signal, and the outlet of the water supply valve 33 is connected to the water supply tee, and its inlet is connected to the inlet of the tap water 41, forming a tap water supply circuit;

[0042] The hot water outlet at the bottom of the heat preservation hot water tank 31, the diversion tee, the manual regulating valve 34, and the hot water nozzle 35 are connected in series through the hot water pipe to form a hot water spray circuit;

[0043] To avoid cooling and heat loss, the outer walls of the condenser 2, evaporator 4, solar ice melting pool 23, ice melting heater 24, and hot water heater 29 are all wrapped with an insulation layer 23-2;

[0044] In order to avoid the loss of cooling capacity, an isolation cover 42 is provided on the top surface and surrounding side walls of the multi-effect falling film freezing and concentration loop.

[0045] The reverse multi-flow horizontal tube falling film ice heat exchanger 8 is a plurality of equal-length circular metal tubes 8-1 with smooth outer walls, which are parallel to each other, arranged horizontally, aligned at both ends, layered up and down, and staggered and stacked; an inlet header 8-2 is arranged at the right end of the bottom layer, the outer side of which is connected to the antifreeze liquid inlet short pipe, and the inner side of which is connected to the left inlet circular metal tube 8-1; an outlet header 8-3 is arranged at the right end of the top layer, the outer side of which is connected to the antifreeze liquid outlet short pipe, and the inner side of which is connected to the right inlet circular metal tube 8-1; circular tube headers are arranged at the left and right ends of the circular metal tubes 8-1 in the middle layers, respectively connected to the upper and lower circular metal tubes 8-1; so that the antifreeze liquid flows in from the lower right inlet header 8-2, and then under the guidance of the left and right circular tube headers, it reciprocates left and right and rises layer by layer, and finally flows out from the upper right outlet header 8-3.

[0046] The reverse multi-flow horizontal tube falling film ice heat exchanger 8 is a plurality of equal-length circular metal tubes 8-1 with smooth outer walls, which are mutually parallel, horizontally arranged, aligned at both ends, layered up and down, and staggered and stacked; an inlet header 8-2 is arranged at the right end of the bottom layer, the outer side of which is connected to the antifreeze inlet short pipe, and the inner side of which is connected to the left inlet circular metal tube 8-1 through a short pipe; an outlet header 8-3 is arranged at the right end of the top layer, the outer side of which is connected to the antifreeze outlet short pipe, and the inner side of which is connected to the right inlet circular metal tube 8-1 through a short pipe; a plurality of circular tube elbows are arranged at the left and right ends of the circular metal tubes 8-1 in the middle layers, respectively connecting the upper and lower circular metal tubes 8-1; so that the antifreeze flows in from the lower right inlet header 8-2, and then, under the guidance of the left and right circular tube elbows, flows back and forth left and right and rises layer by layer, and finally flows out from the upper right outlet header 8-3.

[0047] The reverse multi-flow horizontal tube falling film ice heat exchanger 8 is a plurality of rectangular metal tubes 8-1 with smooth outer walls, which are parallel to each other, arranged horizontally, aligned at both ends, stacked vertically, and connected up and down to form a vertical tube row, and then the plurality of vertical tube rows are spaced left and right and circulated front and back; an inlet header 8-2 is arranged at the front end of the bottom layer, the right side of which is connected to the antifreeze inlet short tube, and the rear side of which is connected to the rear square metal tube 8-1; an outlet header 8-3 is arranged at the front end of the top layer, the right side of which is connected to the antifreeze outlet short tube, and the rear side of which is connected to the front square metal tube 8-1; square tube headers are arranged at the front and rear ends of the square metal tubes 8-1 of each middle layer, respectively connected to the upper and lower square metal tubes 8-1; so that the antifreeze flows in from the inlet header 8-2 at the front end of the bottom layer, and then, under the guidance of the front square tube header and the rear square tube header, it flows back and forth and rises layer by layer, and finally flows out from the outlet header 8-3 at the front end of the top layer.

[0048] The circular metal tube 8 - 1 is a wavy curved tube that forms a sine curve or a sine-like curve along the same straight line on the same horizontal plane.

[0049] The circular metal tube 8-1 is a straight tube with annular fins, the annular fin pitch is 20mm to 1000mm, the annular fin height is 3mm to 20mm, and the plane where the annular fins are located is perpendicular to the axis of the straight tube.

[0050] The circular metal tube 8 - 1 is a straight tube with straight fins on the top. The height of the straight fins is 3 mm to 20 mm. The plane where the straight fins are located is perpendicular to the horizontal plane and passes through the axis of the straight tube.

[0051] One or more thick circular tubes are evenly provided with water outlet holes on their surfaces to form a liquid pre-distributor 6; PVC right-angle tiles are nested to form a horizontal tile row; two layers of horizontal tile rows with right-angle tiles perpendicular to each other are stacked up and down to form a liquid secondary distributor 7.

[0052] When the ambient temperature in winter is higher than 0°C, there is no need for the isolation cover 42, so that the reverse multi-pass horizontal tube falling film ice heat exchanger 8 can directly absorb air energy and solar energy; when the ambient temperature in winter is lower than 0°C, the isolation cover 42 is a movable transparent plate on a fixed frame, which can shield the reverse multi-pass horizontal tube falling film ice heat exchanger 8 from wind and cold and absorb solar energy; in summer, spring and autumn, the isolation cover 42 is a movable insulation plate on a fixed frame, so that the ice source heat pump can recover the heat release and freezing cold to form a seasonal heat control loop.

[0053] In winter, the light-transmitting cover 23 - 1 covers the top opening of the solar ice-melting pool 23 , forming a solar heat-supplementing ice-melting loop.

[0054] In winter, the top ends of the multiple heat pipes 23-3 arranged vertically and in parallel are in close thermal contact with the bottom outer wall of the solar deicing pool 23 through thermal conductive silica gel, forming a geothermal energy heating and deicing circuit.

[0055] In summer, a sunshade 43 is used to cover the outer surface of the light-transmitting cover 23-1 at the top opening of the solar ice-melting pool 23 to block sunlight; at the same time, a jack is used to lift the solar ice-melting pool 23 to eliminate the close thermal contact between the top ends of the multiple heat pipes 23-3 and the thermal conductive silica gel on the outer wall at the bottom thereof to block geothermal energy; an ice-storage air-conditioning and ice-melting heat-insulating circuit is formed.

[0056] The antifreeze liquid 37 is an aqueous solution type antifreeze liquid 37 with a mass concentration between 1% and 60% formed by dissolving ethylene glycol, and / or CaCl2, and / or NaCl, and / or alcohol, and / or ether and other solutes in water.

[0057] The number of in-tube flows of the reverse multi-flow horizontal tube falling film ice heat exchanger 8 is 2-20.

[0058] The compressor 1 is a semi-enclosed screw compressor 1, an open screw compressor 1, a semi-enclosed centrifugal compressor 1, an open centrifugal compressor 1, a piston compressor 1, a fully enclosed scroll compressor 1, a fully enclosed rotor compressor 1, or a plurality of the above compressors are connected in parallel to form the compressor 1; the condenser 2 is a shell and tube heat exchanger, a brazed plate heat exchanger, a plate-fin heat exchanger, a sleeve-and-tube heat exchanger, or a coil-and-tube heat exchanger; the evaporator 4 is a shell and tube heat exchanger, a brazed plate heat exchanger, a plate-fin heat exchanger, a sleeve-and-tube heat exchanger, or a coil-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0059] The working principle of the present invention is combined with the attached Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 2 The instructions are as follows:

[0060] (1) Ice source heat pump cycle: The high-pressure superheated gaseous heat pump working fluid at the outlet of compressor 1 flows into the heat pump working fluid side of condenser 2, where superheated sensible heat, condensation latent heat, and subcooled sensible heat are released in stages, and condensed into high-pressure subcooled liquid heat pump working fluid, while heating the circulating water on the other side; then throttled by expansion valve 3 to become low-pressure two-phase heat pump working fluid, and flows into the outer side of the middle horizontal circular tube from the bottom inlet of the heat pump working fluid side of evaporator 4, where it absorbs the cooling sensible heat of the antifreeze liquid 37 flowing through the inner side of the circular tube, and evaporates in a full liquid manner to become low-pressure superheated gaseous heat pump working fluid, and then is sucked out from the top outlet by compressor 1 and compressed into high-pressure superheated gaseous heat pump working fluid, completing the ice source heat pump cycle. A temperature sensing package is set on the outer wall of the top outlet pipe on the heat pump working fluid side of evaporator 4 to control the opening of expansion valve 3 in a closed loop.

[0061] (2) The horizontal tube falling film release and freezing cycle of the ice source heat pump: the falling film circulation pump 5 drives the 0°C brine 38 from the bottom outlet of the circulating water pool 14 through the converging tee, the falling film circulation pump 5, and the diverting tee, and flows into the liquid pre-distributor 6 with water outlet circular holes evenly arranged on the surface of 8 thick circular tubes to achieve initial uniform spraying, and then falls into the liquid secondary distributor 7 composed of PVC right-angle tiles nested with each other to achieve uniform spraying; then, it uses its own gravity to spray in the reverse multi-process horizontal tube. The outer wall of the multi-layer, stacked, horizontal heat exchange circular tube of the falling film freezing heat collector 8 falls layer by layer, flows evenly, and is wrapped by falling film, thereby forming a turbulent heat exchange film at a low Reynolds number, reducing the heat exchange end difference, and improving the evaporation temperature and the heating efficiency of the heat pump; the fresh water therein releases heat and freezes and adheres to the outer wall, and is frozen and separated from the brine 38; and the brine 38 passes through the gravity ice crusher 9 and the inclined wire mesh funnel 10 and falls back into the circulating water pool 14, completing the horizontal tube falling film heat release and freezing cycle of the ice source heat pump.

[0062] (3) Horizontal tube falling film heat release and cooling cycle of sewage heat pump: the falling film circulation pump 5 drives the 5°C sewage 38 from the bottom outlet of the circulating water pool 14 through the converging tee, the falling film circulation pump 5, and the diverting tee, and flows into the liquid pre-distributor 6 to achieve initial uniform spraying, and then falls into the liquid secondary distributor 7 to achieve uniform spraying; then, by using its own gravity, it falls layer by layer, flows evenly, and is wrapped by the falling film on the outer wall of the multi-layer, stacked, horizontal heat exchange circular tube of the reverse multi-process horizontal tube falling film ice collector 8, thereby forming a turbulent heat exchange film at a low Reynolds number, reducing the heat exchange end difference, and improving the evaporation temperature and the heating efficiency of the heat pump; the sewage 38 releases heat and cools to 0°C, and then passes through the gravity ice crushing knife 9 and the inclined wire mesh funnel 10 and falls back into the circulating water pool 14, completing the horizontal tube falling film heat release and cooling cycle of the sewage heat pump.

[0063] Since the reverse multi-pass horizontal tube falling film ice heat exchanger 8 has strong adaptability to sewage with poor water quality or containing large particle impurities, it is particularly suitable as an intermediate heat exchanger for urban sewage heat pumps, island seawater heat pumps, coal mine water heat pumps, oil field water injection heat pumps, etc.

[0064] (4) Antifreeze parallel heat extraction cycle: The heat extraction circulation pump 18 drives the antifreeze 37 to flow through the antifreeze side of the evaporator 4 to release heat and cool down, and then flows into 39 of the 40 parallel reverse multi-flow horizontal tube falling film ice heat exchangers 8 through the diversion tee and the inlet switching three-way valve 16, absorbing the heat released by the ice on the outer wall of the horizontal heat exchange tube and heating up, and then returns to the antifreeze side of the evaporator 4 through the outlet switching three-way valve 17, the converging tee, and the heat extraction circulation pump 18, thereby realizing the antifreeze parallel heat extraction cycle.

[0065] (5) Antifreeze switching to ice-melting cycle: The ice-melting circulation pump 26 drives the antifreeze 37 to flow through the antifreeze side of the ice-melting heater 24 to absorb heat and rise in temperature. The antifreeze 37 then flows through the diversion three-way valve and the inlet switching three-way valve 16 to flow into one of the 40 sets of parallel reverse multi-flow horizontal tube falling film ice heat exchangers 8 to release the latent heat of ice melting to the inner surface of the ice layer on the outer wall of the horizontal heat exchange circular tube to melt it. The antifreeze 37 then flows through the outlet switching three-way valve 17, the converging three-way valve and the ice-melting circulation pump 26 to return to the antifreeze side of the ice-melting heater 24, thereby realizing the antifreeze switching to ice-melting cycle.

[0066] (6) Antifreeze liquid ice-melting heat storage cycle: The ice-melting circulation pump 26 drives the antifreeze liquid 37 to flow through the antifreeze liquid side of the ice-melting heater 24 to absorb heat and rise in temperature, and then flows into the ice-melting heat storage tank 24-1 through the diversion tee to rise in temperature and store heat, and then returns to the antifreeze liquid side of the ice-melting heater 24 through the converging tee and the ice-melting circulation pump 26, thereby realizing the antifreeze liquid ice-melting heat storage cycle.

[0067] (7) Gravity ice falling, gravity ice crushing, wire mesh separation: When the ice is melted and heated, only the inner surface of the ice layer needs to be melted through the thermal cutting of the annular fins and the top straight fins of the circular metal tube 8-1; or the wavy metal circular curved tube 8-1 expands in multiple dimensions when heated, so that the remaining ice layer falls onto the blade of the gravity ice crushing knife 9 by its own gravity to achieve gravity ice crushing, and then continues to fall onto the inclined wire mesh funnel 10, where the salt water 38 falls back into the circulating water pool 14 through the gaps in the wire mesh by inertia, while the crushed ice slides along the surface of the inclined wire mesh into the centrifugal separation wire mesh basket frame 11, thereby achieving gravity ice falling, gravity ice crushing, and wire mesh separation.

[0068] (8) Centrifugal separation of crushed ice and salt water: The reduction motor 13 drives the centrifugal separation wire mesh basket frame 11 to rotate at high speed through the rotating chassis 12, so that the salt water 38 wrapped in the crushed ice is thrown out by the centrifugal force, thereby achieving centrifugal separation of crushed ice and salt water.

[0069] At this point, the falling film freezing method achieves multi-stage and complete separation of ice layer and brine, thereby realizing single-effect brine concentration / seawater desalination / wastewater treatment.

[0070] (9) Supplementation and control of feed liquid (brine / seawater / wastewater): The liquid level switch 32 on the upper side wall of the I-effect circulating water tank 14 controls the opening of its flow regulating valve 15 through the liquid level signal, so that the feed liquid (brine / seawater / wastewater) 38 passes through its inlet, the flow regulating valve 15, and the converging tee, and is replenished to the inlet of the I-effect falling film circulation pump 5.

[0071] (10) Concentrated liquid discharge: The concentrated liquid 39 with a mass concentration of 14% is discharged to the outlet of the concentrated liquid 39 through the bottom outlet of the IV effect circulating water pool 14, the converging tee, the IV effect falling film circulating pump 5, the diverting tee, and the flow regulating valve 15.

[0072] (11) IV effect falling film freezing method brine concentration: the supplementary brine 38 with a mass concentration of 3.5% enters the I effect horizontal tube falling film exothermic freezing circuit to separate the I effect ice layer and the brine. After separation, the brine with a mass concentration of 7% enters the II effect horizontal tube falling film exothermic freezing circuit to separate the II effect ice layer and the brine. After separation, the brine with a mass concentration of 14% enters the III effect horizontal tube falling film exothermic freezing circuit to separate the III effect ice layer and the brine. After separation, the brine with a mass concentration of 28% enters the IV effect horizontal tube falling film exothermic freezing circuit to separate the IV effect ice layer and the brine. After separation, the concentrated liquid 39 with a mass concentration of 56% is discharged from the concentrated liquid discharge circuit.

[0073] (12) Heating cycle: The heating circulation pump 19 drives the circulating water to flow through the circulating water side of the condenser 2 and is heated and then flows into the three parallel heating fan coils 21 through the diversion tee, releasing its sensible heat and cooling it down to heat the indoor air. Then, it returns to the circulating water side of the condenser 2 through the terminal control valve 25, the converging tee, and the heating circulation pump 19, thereby realizing the heating cycle.

[0074] (13) De-icing cycle: The heating circulation pump 19 drives the circulating water to flow through the circulating water side of the condenser 2 and is heated. The circulating water then flows through the diversion tee into the de-icing heating coil 22 at the bottom of the solar de-icing pool 23, releasing its sensible heat to cool down, thereby heating and melting the floating ice on the top of the solar de-icing pool 23. The circulating water then flows through the terminal control valve 25, the converging tee, and the heating circulation pump 19 and returns to the circulating water side of the condenser 2, thereby completing the de-icing cycle.

[0075] (14) Ice-melting heating cycle: The heating circulation pump 19 drives the circulating water to flow through the circulating water side of the condenser 2 and is heated to a higher temperature. The circulating water then flows into the ice-melting heater 24 through the diverter tee, releasing its sensible heat to cool down the circulating antifreeze liquid 37 on the other side to provide ice-melting heat. The circulating water then returns to the circulating water side of the condenser 2 through the terminal control valve 25, the converging tee, and the heating circulation pump 19, thereby realizing the ice-melting heating cycle.

[0076] (15) Hot water heating cycle: The heating circulation pump 19 drives the circulating water to flow through the circulating water side of the condenser 2 and is heated to a higher temperature. The circulating water then flows into the hot water heater 29 through the diverter tee, releasing its sensible heat and cooling it down to heat the circulating hot water on the other side. The circulating water then returns to the circulating water side of the condenser 2 through the terminal control valve 25, the converging tee, and the heating circulation pump 19, thereby realizing the hot water heating cycle.

[0077] (16) Cooling tower circulation: The heating circulation pump 19 drives the circulating water to flow through the circulating water side of the condenser 2 and is heated and then flows into the closed-loop cooling tower 20 through the diverter tee, releasing its sensible heat and cooling it down to release heat to the circulating cooling water on the other side, and then returns to the circulating water side of the condenser 2 through the terminal control valve 25, the converging tee, and the heating circulation pump 19, thereby realizing the cooling tower circulation.

[0078] (17) Summer ice storage air conditioning and ice-melting cycle: Cover the outer surface of the light-transmitting cover 23-1 at the top of the solar ice-melting pool 23 with a sunshade 43 to isolate sunlight; then lift the solar ice-melting pool 23 with a jack to cancel the close thermal contact between the top of the multiple heat pipes 23-3 and the thermal conductive silica gel on the outer wall at the bottom thereof, so as to isolate geothermal energy. Then, the 0°C ice water in the solar ice-melting pool 23 is driven by the air-conditioning circulation pump 27 to flow into the three parallel air-conditioning fan coils 28 through the diversion tee, release its coldness and heat up to cool the indoor air, and then return to the top inlet of the solar ice-melting pool 23 through the terminal control valve 25 and the converging tee, thereby realizing summer ice storage air conditioning and ice-melting cycle.

[0079] (18) Fresh water collection cycle: The air conditioning circulation pump 27 drives the 0°C ice water in the solar ice-melting pool 23 to pass through the diversion tee and the fresh water collection valve 36, and is collected from the outlet of the fresh water 40, thereby realizing the fresh water collection cycle.

[0080] (19) Hot water circulation: The hot water circulation pump 30 drives the hot water to flow through the hot water side of the hot water heater 29, so that the hot water flows into the insulated hot water tank 31 for storage after being heated, and then returns to the hot water circulation pump 30 through the water replenishment tee, thereby realizing hot water circulation.

[0081] (20) Tap water replenishment circulation: The liquid level switch 32 on the upper side wall of the insulated hot water tank 31 controls the opening of the water replenishment valve 33 through the liquid level signal, so that the tap water 41 uses its own pressure to flow into the water replenishment tee through the water replenishment valve 33, thereby realizing the tap water replenishment circulation.

[0082] (21) Hot water spraying cycle: The hot water at the bottom of the insulated hot water tank 31 uses its own gravity to flow from the bottom outlet through the diversion tee and the manual regulating valve 34 to the hot water nozzle 35 for spraying, thereby realizing the hot water spraying cycle.

[0083] (22) High-efficiency solar heating to melt ice at 0°C: Solar energy with a radiation intensity of 800W / m2 in winter is irradiated to the floating ice on the upper surface of the solar ice-melting pool 23 through the light-transmitting cover 23-1, thereby achieving high-efficiency solar heating to melt ice at 0°C.

[0084] (23) Geothermal energy efficient heating to melt ice at 0°C: 80 heat pipes 23-3 with a diameter of 50 mm, a length of 12 m, an interval of 2 m, and a staggered arrangement and vertical insertion into the soil absorb the 50 W / m heat flux density of the constant temperature layer soil. The top of the heat pipes is in close thermal contact with the bottom outer wall of the solar ice melting pool 23 through thermal conductive silicone to transfer the soil heat absorbed by the lower part of the heat pipes 23-3 to the upper part, thereby achieving geothermal energy efficient heating to melt ice at 0°C.

[0085] (24) Fresh water return cycle: Solar energy and geothermal energy are used to indirectly provide a continuous heat source to melt the 0°C floating ice on the top of the solar ice-melting pool 23. The air-conditioning circulation pump 27 then drives the 0°C ice water through the diversion tee, the fresh water intake valve 36, and the fresh water outlet 40, and then returns to the inlet of the feed liquid (brine / seawater / sewage) 38 through the connecting pipe, thereby serving as a hot water intake source for the ice source heat pump and re-participating in the horizontal tube falling film heat release freezing cycle to balance the latent heat of freezing, thereby realizing the fresh water return cycle.

[0086] Therefore, compared with the existing ice source heat pump that indirectly extracts the freezing latent heat through ethylene glycol, and the high temperature and inefficient solar energy heat collection technology, the technical advantages of the present invention are as follows: the evaporator of the ice source heat pump provides antifreeze closed-loop cooling capacity, drives multiple groups of horizontal tube falling film ice heat collectors, and extracts the falling film freezing latent heat of the open-loop brine flow in parallel, realizes the multi-effect freezing separation of the ice layer and the brine, and provides ice storage air conditioning in summer; the condenser provides closed-loop heat, a small amount of which is switched to provide the latent heat of ice melting on the inner surface of the ice layer of each group of heat collectors, forcing the remaining ice layer to fall, crush, separate by wire mesh and centrifuge by its own weight, while most of it drives the heating cycle; simultaneously realizes low-cost brine concentration / seawater desalination / sewage treatment, and completely replaces air source heat pumps / water source heat pumps / ground source heat pumps / seawater heat pumps / sewage heat pumps. All investments and electricity costs for mechanical deicing and its circulation pumps and mechanical ice removal and its ice removal pumps are exempted. Solar energy and geothermal energy are used to efficiently heat 0℃ ice, indirectly providing a continuous heat source to balance the freezing latent heat of brine. (IV) Description of the drawings

[0087] Attached Figure 1 The present invention is a system flow chart of a reverse multi-pass horizontal tube falling film ice heat collector with staggered and stacked circular tubes.

[0088] Attached Figure 2 The present invention is a system flow chart of a reverse multi-pass horizontal tube falling film ice heat collector using vertical square tube rows.

[0089] As attached Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 2As shown, among which: 1- compressor; 2- condenser; 3- expansion valve; 4- evaporator; 5- falling film circulation pump; 6- liquid pre-distributor; 7- liquid secondary distributor; 8- reverse multi-flow horizontal tube falling film ice heat collector; 9- gravity ice crusher; 10- inclined wire mesh funnel; 11- centrifugal separation wire mesh basket; 12- rotating chassis; 13- reduction motor; 14- circulating water pool; 15- flow regulating valve; 16- inlet switching three-way valve; 17- outlet switching three-way valve; 18- heat extraction circulation pump; 19- heating circulation pump; 20- closed cycle cooling tower; 21- heating fan coil; 22- ice melting heating coil; 23- solar ice melting pool; 23-1-light-transmitting cover; 23-2-insulating layer; 23-3-heat pipe; 23-4-crushed ice inlet; 24-ice-melting heater; 25-terminal control valve; 26-ice-melting circulation pump; 27-air-conditioning circulation pump; 28-air-conditioning fan coil; 29-hot water heater; 30-hot water circulation pump; 31-insulated hot water tank; 32-liquid level switch; 33-water supply valve; 34-manual regulating valve; 35-hot water nozzle; 36-fresh water valve; 37-antifreeze; 38-feed liquid (brine / seawater / sewage); 39-concentrated liquid; 40-fresh water; 41-tap water; 42-isolation cover; 43-shading plate; 44-insulated mechanical transportation equipment. (V) Specific implementation methods

[0090] The embodiment of the multi-effect desalination driven by the horizontal tube falling film freezing switching melting ice source heat pump proposed by the present invention is as follows Figure 1As shown, the following is explained: it consists of a compressor 1 with a volume flow of 1121m3 / h; a condenser 2 with a heating capacity of 1169kW and an inlet / outlet temperature of 31 / 41℃; an expansion valve 3 with a port diameter of 53mm; an evaporator 4 with a cooling capacity of 918kW and an inlet / outlet temperature of -2 / -5℃; a falling film circulation pump 5 with a volume flow of 2m3 / h and a head of 7mH20; a liquid pre-distributor 6 with a volume flow of 2m3 / h; a liquid secondary distributor 7 with a volume flow of 2m3 / h; 40 groups of duplex stainless steel reverse multi-flow horizontal tube falling film ice heat exchangers 8 with a heating capacity of 23kW; a gravity ice crusher 9 with a spacing of 100mm; an inclined wire mesh funnel 10 with an inclination angle of 45 degrees to the horizontal plane; a diameter of 2 00mm, 300mm high centrifugal separation wire basket frame 11; 200mm diameter rotating chassis 12; 75W power reduction motor 13; 4000mm length, 200mm width, 800mm depth, 2mm thickness duplex stainless steel circulating water pool 14; duplex stainless steel flow regulating valve with interface diameter DN50 15; duplex stainless steel inlet switching three-way valve with interface diameter DN25 16; duplex stainless steel outlet switching three-way valve with interface diameter DN25 17; heat extraction circulation pump with volume flow rate 296m3 / h and head 20mH2O 18; heating circulation pump with volume flow rate 101m3 / h and head 30mH2O 19; heat release 1106k W closed-loop cooling tower 20; 1000 heating fan coils 21 with a total heat load of 1169kW; de-icing heating coils 22 with a heating capacity of 1000kW; solar de-icing pool 23 with a length of 16m, a width of 8m and a depth of 6m; organic glass light-transmitting cover 23-1 with a length of 16m, a width of 8m and a thickness of 5mm; PE insulation layer 23-2 with a thickness of 50mm; heat pipe 23-3 with a diameter of 50mm and a length of 12m; crushed ice inlet 23-4 with a length of 1m and a width of 0.3m; de-icing heater 24 with a heating capacity of 60kW; stainless steel terminal control valve 25 with an interface diameter of DN20; de-icing circulation pump 26 with a volume flow of 2m3 / h and a head of 10mH2O ; air conditioning circulation pump with volume flow rate of 66m3 / h and head of 15mH2O 27; 1000 air conditioning fan coils with a total cooling load of 918kW 28; hot water heater with a heating capacity of 60kW 29; hot water circulation pump with volume flow rate of 5m3 / h and head of 12mH2O 30; insulated hot water tank with a volume of 3m3 31; duplex stainless steel level switch with a control height of 100mm 32; stainless steel water supply valve with an interface diameter of DN25 33; stainless steel manual regulating valve with an interface diameter of DN15 34; hot water nozzle with a volume flow rate of 8L / min 35; stainless steel fresh water extraction valve with an interface diameter of DN50 36; ethylene glycol antifreeze with a mass concentration of 16% 37; mass concentration of 3.5%, temperature 5℃, volume flow 20m3 / h seawater 38; concentrated liquid 39 with mass concentration 28%, temperature 0℃, volume flow 10m3 / h; fresh water 40 with mass concentration 1750ppm, temperature 0℃, volume flow 10m3 / h; tap water 41 with temperature 15℃, volume flow 2m3 / h; isolation cover 42 with length 8m, width 4m, height 3m, thickness 50mm; sunshade 43 with length 16m, width 8m, thickness 5mm; tunnel-type heat preservation belt conveyor 44 with length 4m.

[0091] Technical and economic indicators of the embodiments of the present invention:

[0092] 1. Winter seawater ice source heat pump [heating + seawater desalination ice making]: The evaporator of the ice source heat pump with an energy efficiency ratio of 4.2 provides 854kW of antifreeze closed-loop cooling capacity, driving 40 sets of horizontal tube falling film ice heat collectors to extract 854kW of falling film ice latent heat of open-loop seawater flow in parallel, realizing multi-effect freezing separation of 9.2m3 / h of concentrated liquid and 9.2m3 / h of ice layer; its condenser provides 1121kW of closed-loop heat, of which 28kW is switched to provide heat to the inner surface of the ice layer of each set of heat collectors The latent heat of ice melting forces the remaining ice layers to fall by their own weight, crush, separate by wire mesh and centrifuge, while 1093kW drives the heating cycle; at the same time, seawater with a mass concentration of 3.5%, a temperature of 5℃ and a volume flow of 18.4m3 / h is used to produce freshwater ice with a mass concentration of 1750ppm, a temperature of 0℃ and a volume flow of 9.2m3 / h, and a concentrate with a mass concentration of 14%, a temperature of 0℃ and a volume flow of 9.2m3 / h at low cost, and completely replaces seawater heat pumps and refrigeration desalination devices. It consumes 29kW*h of electricity to produce 1t of freshwater ice + 4GJ of heat. In winter, when the ambient temperature is higher than 0℃, there is no need for an isolation cover 42, so that the reverse multi-process horizontal tube falling film ice heat collector can directly absorb air energy and solar energy.

[0093] 2. Winter solar energy supplementary freshwater ice source heat pump [heating]: The evaporator of the ice source heat pump with an energy efficiency ratio of 4.2 provides 854kW of antifreeze closed-loop cooling capacity, driving 40 sets of horizontal tube falling film ice heat collectors to extract 854kW of falling film ice latent heat of open-loop fresh water flow in parallel, generating a volume flow of 9.2m3 / h of ice layer and transporting it to the solar ice melting pool insulated; its condenser provides 1121kW of closed-loop heat, of which 28kW switches to provide latent heat for melting ice on the inner surface of each set of heat collectors, forcing the remaining ice layer to fall, break, and separate by wire mesh according to its own weight, while 1093kW drives the heating cycle, completely replacing the water source heat pump. Solar energy and geothermal energy are used to efficiently supplement heat to 0℃ ice melting, and then the fresh water with a temperature of 0℃ and a volume flow of 9.2m3 / h is sent back to the horizontal tube falling film ice heat collector, indirectly providing 854kW of continuous heat source to balance the latent heat of fresh water freezing. In winter, the ambient temperature is below 0°C. The isolation cover 42 is a movable transparent plate on a fixed frame, which not only shields the reverse multi-pass horizontal tube falling film icing heat exchanger from wind and cold but also allows it to absorb solar energy.

[0094] 3. Summer seawater ice source heat pump [ice storage + seawater desalination water production]: The evaporator of the ice source heat pump with an energy efficiency ratio of 3.8 provides 898kW of antifreeze closed-loop cooling capacity, driving 40 sets of horizontal tube falling film ice heat collectors to extract 898kW of falling film ice latent heat of open-loop seawater flow in parallel, realizing multi-effect freezing separation of 9.66m3 / h of concentrated liquid and 9.66m3 / h of ice layer, and transporting the ice layer to the solar ice-melting pool insulated; its condenser provides 1134kW of closed-loop heat, of which 28kW is switched to provide the latent heat of ice melting on the inner surface of the ice layer of each set of heat collectors, forcing the rest The ice layer falls by its own weight, is crushed, separated by wire mesh and centrifuged, and 898kW of 0℃ ice melting cooling drives the summer ice storage air conditioning cycle; while 1106kW is discharged to the environment through a closed-loop cooling tower; at the same time, seawater with a mass concentration of 3.5%, a temperature of 25℃ and a volume flow of 19.32m3 / h is used to produce fresh water with a mass concentration of 1750ppm, a temperature of 0℃ and a volume flow of 9.66m3 / h, and a concentrate with a mass concentration of 14%, a temperature of 0℃ and a volume flow of 9.66m3 / h at a low cost, and completely replaces the ice storage air conditioning + refrigeration seawater desalination device. It consumes 24.43kW*h of electricity to produce 1t of fresh water + 3.233GJ of cooling. The summer isolation cover 42 is a mobile insulation board on a fixed frame so that the ice source heat pump can recover the heat release and freezing cooling.

[0095] 4. Seawater ice source heat pump in spring and autumn [seawater desalination water production]: The evaporator of the ice source heat pump with an energy efficiency ratio of 6.9 provides 1039kW of antifreeze closed-loop cooling capacity, driving 40 sets of horizontal tube falling film ice heat collectors to extract 1039kW of falling film ice latent heat of open-loop seawater flow in parallel, realizing multi-effect freezing separation of 11.2m3 / h of concentrated liquid and 11.2m3 / h of ice layer; its condenser provides 1190kW of closed-loop heat, of which 28kW is switched to provide the latent heat of ice melting on the inner surface of each set of heat collectors, forcing the remaining ice layers to follow the ice layer. The water is dropped by its own weight, crushed by ice, separated by wire mesh and separated by centrifugation, while 1000kW drives the ice melting heating coil to recover the latent heat of ice melting, and 162kW is discharged to the environment through a closed-loop cooling tower; at the same time, the seawater with a mass concentration of 3.5%, a temperature of 20℃ and a volume flow of 22.4m3 / h is used to produce fresh water with a mass concentration of 1750ppm, a temperature of 0℃ and a volume flow of 11.2m3 / h, and a concentrated liquid with a mass concentration of 14%, a temperature of 0℃ and a volume flow of 11.2m3 / h at a low cost, and completely replaces the seawater desalination device by the freezing method. It consumes 13.54kW*h of electricity to produce 1t of fresh water. The spring and autumn isolation cover 42 is a mobile insulation plate on a fixed frame so that the ice source heat pump can recover the heat release and freezing cold.

[0096] 5. Winter sewage heat pump [heating]: The evaporator of the sewage heat pump with an energy efficiency ratio of 4.92 provides 1081kW of antifreeze closed-loop cooling capacity, driving 40 sets of horizontal tube falling film heat collectors to extract 1081kW of 10℃ to 2℃ falling film cooling sensible heat from the open-loop sewage flow in parallel; its condenser provides 1357kW of heat to drive the heating cycle; and completely replaces the sewage heat pump. In winter, the ambient temperature is below 0℃, and the isolation cover 42 is a mobile transparent plate on a fixed frame, which not only shields the reverse multi-process horizontal tube falling film heat collector from wind and cold but also allows it to absorb solar energy.

Claims

1. A transverse tube falling film freezing switching ice melting ice source heat pump driven multi-effect desalination, which comprises a compressor (1); a condenser (2); an expansion valve (3); an evaporator (4); a falling film circulation pump (5); a liquid pre-distributor (6); a liquid secondary distributor (7); a reverse multi-flow transverse tube falling film freezing heat collector (8); a metal pipe (8-1); an inlet header (8-2); an outlet header (8-3); a gravity ice crusher (9); an inclined wire mesh funnel (10); a centrifugal separation wire mesh basket frame (11); a rotating chassis (12); a reduction motor (13); a circulating water pool (14); a flow regulating valve (15); an inlet switching three-way valve (16); an outlet switching three-way valve (17); a heat extraction circulation pump (18); a heating circulation pump (19); a closed-loop cooling tower (20); a heating fan coil (21); 1); de-icing heating coil (22); solar de-icing pool (23); light-transmitting cover (23-1); insulation layer (23-2); heat pipe (23-3); crushed ice inlet (23-4); de-icing heater (24); terminal control valve (25); de-icing circulation pump (26); air conditioning circulation pump (27); air conditioning fan coil (28); hot water heater (29); hot water circulation pump (30); insulation hot water tank (31); liquid level switch (32); water supply valve (33); manual regulating valve (34); hot water nozzle (35); fresh water taking valve (36); antifreeze (37); feed liquid (38); concentrated liquid (39); fresh water (40); tap water (41); isolation cover (42); sunshade (43); insulation mechanical transportation equipment (44), characterized in that: The circulating water side of the condenser (2) of the ice source heat pump provides heating capacity to drive the closed-loop cooling tower (20), the heating fan coil (21), the ice melting heating coil (22), the ice melting heater (24), and the hot water heater (29) connected in parallel. The antifreeze side of the evaporator (4) of the ice source heat pump provides cooling capacity to drive multiple sets of parallel reverse multi-flow cross-tube falling film ice heat collectors (8); the compressor (1), the condenser (2) heat pump working medium side, the expansion valve (3), the evaporator (4) heat pump working medium side, and the compressor (1) are connected in series through the heat pump working medium pipeline to form an ice source heat pump circulation loop; the bottom outlet of the circulating water pool (14), the converging tee, the falling film circulation pump (5) are connected in series through the brine pipeline. ), a flow dividing tee, a liquid pre-distributor (6), a liquid secondary distributor (7), the outer wall of the horizontal tube of the reverse multi-flow horizontal tube falling film ice heat collector (8), a gravity ice crushing knife (9), an inclined wire mesh funnel (10), and a circulating water pool (14), forming a horizontal tube falling film heat release ice circuit; the reverse multi-flow horizontal tube falling film ice heat collector (8), the gravity ice crushing knife (9), and the inclined wire mesh funnel (10) form a crushed ice and brine wire mesh separation circuit; the centrifugal separation wire mesh basket frame (11) is driven by a reduction motor (13) through a rotating chassis (12) to rotate at a high speed, forming a crushed ice and brine centrifugal separation circuit; the centrifugal separation wire mesh basket frame (11) passes through a heat preservation mechanical transport device (44), and is connected The invention is connected to the crushed ice inlet (23-4) on the side wall of the solar ice melting pool (23) to form a crushed ice transportation circuit; the inlet of the feed liquid (38), the flow regulating valve (15), the confluence tee, and the inlet of the first-effect falling film circulation pump (5) are connected in series through the brine pipeline to form a feed liquid (brine / seawater / sewage) replenishment circuit; the liquid level switch (32) on the upper side wall of the first-effect circulating water pool (14) controls the opening of the flow regulating valve (15) through the liquid level signal to form a feed liquid (brine / seawater / sewage) replenishment control circuit; the bottom outlet of the second-effect circulating water pool (14), the confluence tee, the second-effect falling film circulation pump (5), the diversion tee, the flow regulating valve (15), the concentrated liquid are connected in series through the brine pipeline. (39) outlet, forming a concentrated liquid discharge circuit; a feed liquid (brine / seawater / sewage) replenishment circuit, 1-60 groups of horizontal tube falling film exothermic freezing circuits, and a concentrated liquid discharge circuit, forming a multi-effect falling film freezing and freezing concentration circuit, wherein the order of each effect is represented by Roman numerals I effect, II effect, III effect, IV effect, ..., VIX effect; a heat extraction circulation pump (18), an antifreeze liquid side of an evaporator (4), a diverting tee, an inlet switching tee valve (16), 1-60 groups of parallel reverse multi-flow horizontal tube falling film freezing heat collectors (8), an outlet switching tee valve (17), a converging tee, and a heat extraction circulation pump (18) are connected in series through an antifreeze pipeline to form an antifreeze parallel heat extraction circulation circuit;The antifreeze pipeline is connected in series with an ice-melting circulation pump (26), an ice-melting heater (24) antifreeze side, a diverting tee, an inlet switching tee valve (16), a reverse multi-flow horizontal tube falling film ice heat collector (8), an outlet switching tee valve (17), a converging tee, and an ice-melting circulation pump (26) to form an antifreeze switching ice-melting circulation loop; the antifreeze pipeline is connected in series with an ice-melting circulation pump (26), an ice-melting heater (24) antifreeze side, a diverting tee, an ice-melting heat storage tank (24-1), a converging tee, and an ice-melting circulation pump (26) to form an antifreeze ice-melting heat storage circulation loop; the circulating water pipeline is connected in series with a heating circulation pump (19), a condenser (2) circulating water side, a diverting tee, a closed-loop cooling tower (20), and a terminal control valve (25 ), a converging tee, and a heating circulation pump (19) to form a cooling circulation loop; a heating circulation pump (19), a circulating water side of a condenser (2), a diverting tee, a heating fan coil (21), a terminal control valve (25), a converging tee, and a heating circulation pump (19) are connected in series through a circulating water pipeline to form a heating circulation loop; a heating circulation pump (19), a circulating water side of a condenser (2), a diverting tee, a de-icing heating coil (22), a terminal control valve (25), a converging tee, and a heating circulation pump (19) are connected in series through a circulating water pipeline to form a de-icing circulation loop; a heating circulation pump (19), a circulating water side of a condenser (2), a diverting tee, a de-icing heating coil (22), a terminal control valve (25), a converging tee, and a heating circulation pump (19) are connected in series through a circulating water pipeline to form a de-icing circulation loop. The heating circulation pump (19) is connected in series with the heating circulation pump (19), the circulating water side of the condenser (2), the diverter tee, the hot water heater (29), the terminal control valve (25), the converging tee, and the heating circulation pump (19) to form a hot water heating circulation loop; the bottom outlet of the solar ice-melting pool (23), the air-conditioning circulation pump (27), the diverter tee, the air-conditioning fan coil (28), the terminal control valve (25), the converging tee, the top inlet of the solar ice-melting pool (23), and the bottom outlet of the solar ice-melting pool (23) are connected in series with the ice-water pipeline to form an ice storage air-conditioning and ice-melting circulation loop; the bottom outlet of the solar ice-melting pool (23), the air-conditioning circulation pump (27) are connected in series with the ice-water pipeline to form an ice storage air-conditioning and ice-melting circulation loop. ), a diverting tee, a fresh water taking valve (36), and an outlet of fresh water (40) form a fresh water taking circuit; a hot water circulation pump (30), a hot water side of a hot water heater (29), a heat preservation hot water tank (31), a water replenishing tee, and a hot water circulation pump (30) are connected in series through a hot water pipe to form a hot water circulation circuit; a liquid level switch (32) on the upper side wall of the heat preservation hot water tank (31) controls the opening of a water replenishing valve (33) through a liquid level signal, and an outlet of the water replenishing valve (33) is connected to the water replenishing tee, and an inlet of the water replenishing valve (33) is connected to an inlet of tap water (41) to form a tap water replenishing circuit; a hot water outlet at the bottom of the heat preservation hot water tank (31), a diverting tee, a manual regulating valve (34), and a hot water nozzle (35) are connected in series through a hot water pipe to form a hot water spraying circuit;To avoid loss of cooling capacity and heat, the outer walls of the condenser (2), evaporator (4), solar ice melting pool (23), ice melting heater (24), and hot water heater (29) are all wrapped with insulation layers (23-2); to avoid loss of cooling capacity, an isolation cover (42) is provided on the top surface and surrounding side walls of the multi-effect falling film freezing and concentration loop; the reverse multi-pass horizontal tube falling film freezing heat collector (8) is a plurality of equal-length circular metal tubes (8-1) with smooth outer walls, which are mutually parallel, horizontally arranged, and aligned at both ends. The upper and lower layers are stacked in staggered positions; an inlet header (8-2) is arranged at the right end of the bottom layer, the outer side of which is connected to the antifreeze inlet short pipe, and the inner side of which is connected to the left inlet circular metal pipe (8-1); an outlet header (8-3) is arranged at the right end of the top layer, the outer side of which is connected to the antifreeze outlet short pipe, and the inner side of which is connected to the right inlet circular metal pipe (8-1); circular pipe headers are arranged at the left and right ends of the circular metal pipes (8-1) of each intermediate layer, respectively connected to the upper and lower circular metal pipes (8-1); so that the antifreeze can be discharged from the lower right inlet header (8-2) ) flows in, and then under the guidance of the left and right circular tube headers, flows back and forth and rises layer by layer, and finally flows out from the upper right outlet header (8-3); the reverse multi-flow horizontal tube falling film ice heat collector (8) is a plurality of equal-length circular metal tubes (8-1) with smooth outer walls, which are parallel to each other, arranged horizontally, aligned at both ends, layered up and down, and staggered; an inlet header (8-2) is arranged at the right end of the bottom layer, the outer side of which is connected to the antifreeze liquid inlet short pipe, and the inner side of which is connected to the left inlet circular metal tube (8-1) through a short pipe; the top An outlet manifold (8-3) is provided at the right end of each layer, the outer side of which is connected to the antifreeze outlet short pipe, and the inner side of which is connected to the right inlet circular metal pipe (8-1) through a short pipe; multiple circular pipe elbows are provided at the left and right ends of each layer of the circular metal pipe (8-1) in the middle, respectively connecting the upper and lower circular metal pipes (8-1); so that the antifreeze flows in from the lower right inlet manifold (8-2), and then under the guidance of the left and right circular pipe elbows, flows back and forth and rises layer by layer, and finally flows out from the upper right outlet manifold (8-3).

2. The horizontal tube falling film icing switching melting ice source heat pump driven multi-effect desalination according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reverse multi-flow horizontal tube falling film ice heat collector (8) comprises a plurality of rectangular metal tubes (8-1) with smooth outer walls, which are parallel to each other, arranged horizontally, aligned at both ends, stacked vertically, and connected up and down to form a vertical tube row, and then the plurality of vertical tube rows are spaced left and right and circulate front and back; an inlet header (8-2) is arranged at the front end of the bottom layer, the right side of which is connected to an antifreeze liquid inlet short pipe, and the rear side of which is connected to a rear square metal tube (8-1); an outlet header (8-3) is arranged at the front end of the top layer, the right side of which is connected to an antifreeze liquid outlet short pipe, and the rear side of which is connected to a front square metal tube (8-1); square tube headers are arranged at the front and rear ends of each middle layer of square metal tubes (8-1), respectively connected to the upper and lower layers of square metal tubes (8-1); so that the antifreeze liquid flows in from the inlet header (8-2) at the front end of the bottom layer, and then under the guidance of the front square tube header and the rear square tube header, it flows back and forth and rises layer by layer, and finally flows out from the outlet header (8-3) at the front end of the top layer.

3. The horizontal tube falling film icing switching melting ice source heat pump driven multi-effect desalination according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The circular metal pipe (8-1) is a wavy curved pipe which forms a sine curve or a sine curve-like wavy curved pipe along the same straight line on the same horizontal plane.

4. The horizontal tube falling film icing switching melting ice source heat pump driven multi-effect desalination according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The circular metal tube (8-1) is a straight tube with annular fins, the distance between the annular fins is 20mm to 1000mm, the height of the annular fins is 3mm to 20mm, and the plane where the annular fins are located is perpendicular to the axis of the straight tube.

5. The horizontal tube falling film icing switching melting ice source heat pump driven multi-effect desalination according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The circular metal tube (8-1) is a straight tube with straight fins on the top, the height of the straight fins is 3mm to 20mm, and the plane where the straight fins are located is perpendicular to the horizontal plane and passes through the axis of the straight tube.

6. The horizontal tube falling film icing switching melting ice source heat pump driven multi-effect desalination according to claim 1 is characterized in that: One or more thick circular tubes are evenly provided with water outlet circular holes on their surfaces to form a liquid pre-distributor (6); PVC right-angle tiles are nested to form a horizontal tile row; and two layers of horizontal tile rows with right-angle tiles perpendicular to each other are stacked up and down to form a liquid secondary distributor (7).

7. The horizontal tube falling film icing switching melting ice source heat pump driven multi-effect desalination according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the ambient temperature in winter is higher than 0°C, the isolation cover (42) is not required, so that the reverse multi-pass horizontal tube falling film icing heat exchanger (8) can directly absorb air energy and solar energy; when the ambient temperature in winter is lower than 0°C, the isolation cover (42) is a movable transparent plate on a fixed frame, which can shield the reverse multi-pass horizontal tube falling film icing heat exchanger (8) from wind and cold and enable it to absorb solar energy; in summer, spring and autumn, the isolation cover (42) is a movable insulation plate on a fixed frame, so that the ice source heat pump can recover the heat release and icing cold energy, thereby forming a seasonal heat collection control loop.

8. The horizontal tube falling film icing switching melting ice source heat pump driven multi-effect desalination according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In winter, the light-transmitting cover (23-1) covers the top opening of the solar deicing pool (23), forming a solar heating deicing circuit.

9. The horizontal tube falling film icing switching melting ice source heat pump driven multi-effect desalination according to claim 1, characterized in that: In winter, multiple heat pipes (23-3) are arranged vertically and in parallel, and their top ends are in close thermal contact with the bottom outer wall of the solar deicing pool (23) through heat-conducting silica gel, forming a geothermal energy heating and deicing loop.

10. The horizontal tube falling film icing switching melting ice source heat pump driven multi-effect desalination according to claim 1, characterized in that: In summer, a sunshade (43) is used to cover the outer surface of the light-transmitting cover (23-1) at the top opening of the solar ice-melting pool (23) to isolate sunlight; at the same time, a jack is used to lift the solar ice-melting pool (23) to eliminate the close thermal contact between the top ends of the plurality of heat pipes (23-3) and the thermal conductive silica gel on the outer wall at the bottom thereof to isolate geothermal energy; thus, an ice-storage air-conditioning and ice-melting heat-insulating circuit is formed.

11. The horizontal tube falling film icing switching melting ice source heat pump driven multi-effect desalination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antifreeze liquid (37) is an aqueous solution type antifreeze liquid (37) with a mass concentration between 1% and 60% formed by dissolving ethylene glycol, and / or CaCl2, and / or NaCl, and / or alcohol, and / or ether and other solutes in water.

12. The horizontal tube falling film icing switching melting ice source heat pump driven multi-effect desalination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of in-tube flows of the reverse multi-flow horizontal tube falling film ice heat collector (8) is 2-20.

13. The horizontal tube falling film icing switching melting ice source heat pump driven multi-effect desalination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressor (1) is a semi-enclosed screw compressor (1), an open screw compressor (1), a semi-enclosed centrifugal compressor (1), an open centrifugal compressor (1), a piston compressor (1), a fully enclosed scroll compressor (1), a fully enclosed rotor compressor (1), or a plurality of the above compressors are connected in parallel to form the compressor (1); the condenser (2) is a shell and tube heat exchanger, a brazed plate heat exchanger, a plate-fin heat exchanger, a sleeve-and-tube heat exchanger, or a coil-and-tube heat exchanger; the evaporator (4) is a shell and tube heat exchanger, a brazed plate heat exchanger, a plate-fin heat exchanger, a sleeve-and-tube heat exchanger, or a coil-and-tube heat exchanger.

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