Scanning and imaging device for evaluation of training using transparent root canal tooth models

Abstract

The present invention discloses a scanning and shooting device for practical training and evaluation using a transparent root canal tooth model. The transparent root canal tooth model installed on a tooth fixture is driven by a driving motor to continuously rotate at a uniform speed. The image of the peripheral side of the transparent root canal tooth model is then scanned and shot by a linear array camera component, so that image data of the peripheral side of the root canal of the tooth model can be obtained. The image of the top of the root canal pulp chamber at the top of the transparent root canal tooth model is shot by a surface array camera component, so that the image data of the pulp chamber of the root canal can be obtained. In this way, the shape data of the root canal in the whole tooth model required for root canal treatment evaluation can be completely obtained through two image data, which greatly reduces the subsequent software image analysis workload and calculation time. Therefore, the present invention can be used for daily objective evaluation of root canal treatment results in oral teaching, and is convenient to use, compact in appearance, and generally affordable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oral teaching models, and in particular to a scanning and photographing device for practical training and evaluation using a transparent root canal tooth model. Background Art

[0002] Root canal treatment is one of the most common oral treatment surgeries. For decayed teeth, root canal treatment is necessary if you want to preserve the roots. Root canal treatment is performed after removing the carious tooth substance and extracting the pulp. Root canal treatment usually includes the steps of root canal preparation (including root canal enlargement), root canal irrigation, and root canal filling. Each step has strict specifications and technical requirements. In oral teaching, teachers usually use natural ex vivo teeth or model teeth for students to practice. Teachers attach great importance to the teaching of root canal treatment. However, because the root canals of simulated teeth are so small and the root canals are inside the teeth, teachers cannot directly evaluate the students' root canal treatment training results with the naked eye.

[0003] In response to this, the existing market has two countermeasures. The first is to provide a transparent tooth model with root canals visible from the outside, where the root canal walls are colored. The tooth model is inserted into a full-mouth oral model. After students have completed root canal treatment training, the teacher removes the transparent tooth model from the oral model and can conduct an evaluation. However, this evaluation can only be said to be a subjective evaluation based on personal vision and cannot be objective.

[0004] The second method is to use Micro-CT equipment for evaluation, that is, high-resolution CT scanning, which can obtain 3D data of teeth with root canals at micron-level resolution. However, so far, this equipment has been positioned as scientific research equipment in the market, and the price is very expensive; the purchase and use of Micro-CT equipment requires relevant licenses; users need regular physical examinations, and users need certain protection during use; and the data obtained by CT scanning is very large, and workstation-level computers are required to process the data. Based on the collected data, the contour of the root canal wall needs to be outlined and reconstructed, which is very time-consuming. Moreover, due to material reasons, the accuracy of the outline is questionable. These shortcomings are destined to make it unrealistic to use Micro-CT equipment for daily objective evaluation of root canal treatment training assignments for middle school students in schools. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a scanning and photographing device for practical training and evaluation using a transparent root canal tooth model, which can be used for daily objective evaluation of root canal treatment results in oral teaching, and is easy to use, compact in appearance, and economically affordable.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:

[0007] A scanning and photographing device for evaluation of training using a transparent root canal tooth model comprises a frame with a horizontal workbench, a tooth fixture, a drive motor, an area array camera assembly, a line array camera assembly and a zero position detection device, wherein the drive motor is mounted on the bottom surface of the horizontal workbench, the motor shaft of the drive motor passes through the horizontal workbench and is fixedly connected to the tooth fixture, the transparent root canal tooth model is detachably mounted on the top of the tooth fixture, the area array camera assembly is suspended above the tooth fixture and is used to photograph an image of the top of the root canal pulp chamber of the opened root canal at the top of the transparent root canal tooth model fixed on the tooth fixture, the line array camera assembly is mounted on the top surface of the horizontal workbench and is used to scan and photograph an image of the peripheral side of the transparent root canal tooth model that is continuously and uniformly driven by the drive motor, and the zero position detection device is used to detect the starting position and the ending position of the line array camera assembly scanning and photographing the transparent root canal tooth model.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a controller and a computer, the zero position detection device feeds back a detection signal to the controller, the controller receives a work instruction from the computer, and controls the drive motor, the linear array camera assembly, and the area array camera assembly through a control interface, and collects image data scanned and photographed by the linear array camera assembly through a linear array data acquisition card and feeds it back to the computer, and collects image data photographed by the area array camera assembly through an area array data acquisition card and feeds it back to the computer.

[0009] Furthermore, the tooth fixture includes a pillow block and a mounting seat, the horizontal workbench is provided with a through hole, the middle part of the motor shaft is installed in the through hole through a sleeve, the bottom end of the pillow block is installed on the shaft head of the motor shaft, at least two first positioning columns are provided on the top of the pillow block, at least two first positioning holes corresponding to the two first positioning columns are formed at the bottom of the mounting seat, at least two second positioning columns are provided on the top of the mounting seat, at least two second positioning holes corresponding to the at least two second positioning columns are formed at the bottom of the transparent root canal tooth model, the mounting seat is fixed to the pillow block by plugging the first positioning column into the first positioning hole, the transparent root canal tooth model is fixed to the mounting seat by plugging the second positioning column into the second positioning hole, and at least two first positioning columns are arranged in a fool-proof structure, so that the mounting seat can only be fixed to the pillow block in a fixed plug-in direction, and at least two second positioning columns are arranged in a fool-proof structure, so that the transparent root canal tooth model can only be fixed to the mounting seat in a fixed plug-in direction.

[0010] Furthermore, two second positioning columns are provided at the bottom of the mounting seat, both of which are cylinders and have different diameters, and two first positioning columns are provided on the pillow block, both of which are cylinders and have different diameters.

[0011] Furthermore, the zero position detection device includes a zero position sensor, a sensor fixing frame and a zero position baffle, one end of the zero position baffle is installed on one side of the tooth clamp, the sensor fixing frame is installed on the horizontal workbench and is located on one side of the tooth clamp, the zero position sensor is installed on the sensor fixing frame, and the zero position baffle enters the working area of ​​the zero position sensor during the rotation of the tooth clamp, and the zero position sensor is electrically connected to the control interface of the controller.

[0012] Furthermore, the driving motor is a closed-loop stepping motor or a servo motor.

[0013] Furthermore, the area array camera assembly includes a first fixing frame, an area array camera, an area array camera lens and an annular light source, the first fixing frame includes a first vertical plate and a first transverse plate, the bottom end of the first vertical plate is installed on the horizontal workbench, one side of the first transverse plate is fixedly connected to the first vertical plate, and the first transverse plate is horizontally arranged and extends to above the tooth fixture, the area array camera is installed on the first transverse plate, the area array camera lens is installed on the area array camera, and the annular light source is installed on the head of the area array camera lens, and the long axis of the LED lamp bead of the annular light source is at a certain angle to the long axis of the area array camera lens, so that the light is transmitted obliquely to the root canal pulp chamber of the transparent root canal tooth model.

[0014] Furthermore, the line array camera assembly includes a second fixing frame, a line array camera, a line array camera lens and a strip light source, the second fixing frame includes a second upright plate and a second transverse plate, the second transverse plate is installed on the horizontal workbench, the bottom end of the second upright plate is connected to the second transverse plate, and the second upright plate is vertically arranged, the second upright plate has a window in the middle, the line array camera is installed on the second upright plate, the line array camera lens is installed on the line array camera through the window, the strip light source is installed on the horizontal workbench or the first upright plate, and the strip light source illuminates the photographed surface of the transparent root canal tooth model from an oblique side direction.

[0015] Furthermore, two first strip slots are provided on the second transverse plate at intervals, and the second transverse plate is fixed to the horizontal workbench by threaded connection between a first fastener inserted through the first strip slot and a first threaded hole correspondingly provided on the horizontal workbench, and the distance of the linear array camera relative to the dental clamp is adjusted by adjusting the position of the first fastener in the first strip slot, and a second strip slot is provided at each of the four corners of the second upright plate, and the linear array camera is fixed to the second upright plate by threaded connection between a second fastener inserted through the second strip slot and a second threaded hole correspondingly provided on the linear array camera, and the height of the linear array camera relative to the horizontal workbench is adjusted by adjusting the position of the second fastener in the second strip slot.

[0016] Furthermore, the strip light source is mounted on the first upright plate through a third fixing frame, the third fixing frame includes a third upright plate and a third transverse plate, one side of the third upright plate is mounted on the first upright plate, one side of the third transverse plate is connected to the third upright plate, and the third transverse plate is horizontally arranged, and the top of the strip light source is mounted on the third transverse plate.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention proposes a scanning and shooting device for practical training and evaluation using a transparent root canal tooth model, which is driven by a driving motor to drive the transparent root canal tooth model installed on the tooth fixture to continuously rotate at a uniform speed, and then the image of the peripheral side of the transparent root canal tooth model is scanned and shot by a linear array camera component, so that the image data of the side of the root canal in the transparent root canal tooth model can be obtained. The image of the top of the pulp chamber of the root canal that has been opened at the top of the transparent root canal tooth model is shot by the area array camera component suspended on the tooth fixture, so that the image data of the pulp chamber of the root canal can be obtained. In this way, through two image data, the shape data of the root canal in the whole tooth model required for root canal treatment evaluation can be completely obtained, which greatly reduces the subsequent software image analysis workload and calculation time, making it possible to evaluate and complete the homework of dozens of students in a class within 1 to 2 hours. Compared with traditional Micro-CT equipment, the scanning and shooting device of the present invention only uses one driving motor and one linear array camera component to obtain the complete side data of the root canal of the tooth model, with a simple design and a compact appearance (the size and weight of a microwave oven); debugging, calibration, and maintenance are very convenient, and no protection is required. In addition, the shape data obtained by the scanning and shooting device of the present invention is what the teacher sees is what he gets, and it is completely real visually, while the 3D data obtained by Micro-CT is reconstructed and rendered based on the difference in the X-ray absorption attenuation coefficient of the material through a certain algorithm. The edge recognition of the latter is different from the real visual edge recognition and is not necessarily reliable. In addition, the manufacturing cost of the scanning and shooting device of the present invention is much lower than that of Micro-CT, so it has a great price advantage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transparent root canal tooth model of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 A stereogram from one viewing angle of a scanning and photographing device for practical training and evaluation using a transparent root canal tooth model of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 4 A stereoscopic image from another perspective of the scanning and photographing device for practical training and evaluation using a transparent root canal tooth model of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a front view of the scanning and photographing device for practical training and evaluation using a transparent root canal tooth model of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a rear view of the scanning and photographing device for practical training and evaluation using a transparent root canal tooth model of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 A top view of the scanning and photographing device for practical training and evaluation using a transparent root canal tooth model according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 A top view of the assembly of the tooth fixture and the transparent root canal tooth model of the present invention;

[0026] Fig. 9 A bottom perspective view of the assembly of the tooth fixture and the transparent root canal tooth model of the present invention;

[0027] Fig.10 This is a control block diagram of the scanning and photographing device for practical training and evaluation using a transparent root canal tooth model in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to more clearly understand the technical content of the present invention, the following embodiments are given in detail, the purpose of which is only to better understand the content of the present invention but not to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transparent root canal tooth model of the present invention; Figure 2 A stereogram from one viewing angle of a scanning and photographing device for practical training and evaluation using a transparent root canal tooth model of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle; Figure 4 A stereoscopic image from another perspective of the scanning and photographing device for practical training and evaluation using a transparent root canal tooth model of the present invention; Figure 5This is a front view of the scanning and photographing device for practical training and evaluation using a transparent root canal tooth model of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a rear view of the scanning and photographing device for practical training and evaluation using a transparent root canal tooth model of the present invention; Figure 7 A top view of the scanning and photographing device for practical training and evaluation using a transparent root canal tooth model according to the present invention; Figure 8 A top view of the assembly of the tooth fixture and the transparent root canal tooth model of the present invention; Fig. 9 A bottom perspective view of the assembly of the tooth fixture and the transparent root canal tooth model of the present invention; Fig.10 This is a control block diagram of the scanning and photographing device for practical training and evaluation using a transparent root canal tooth model in the present invention.

[0030] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a scanning and photographing device for evaluation using a transparent root canal tooth model for training comprises a frame 1 having a horizontal workbench 101, a tooth fixture 2, a drive motor 3, an area array camera assembly 4, a line array camera assembly 5 and a zero position detection device 6, wherein the drive motor is mounted on the bottom surface of the horizontal workbench, a motor shaft 301 of the drive motor passes through the horizontal workbench and is fixedly connected to the tooth fixture, a transparent root canal tooth model 7 is detachably mounted on the top of the tooth fixture, the area array camera assembly is suspended above the tooth fixture, and is used to photograph an image of the top of the root canal pulp chamber of the opened root canal at the top of the transparent root canal tooth model fixed on the tooth fixture, the line array camera assembly is mounted on the top surface of the horizontal workbench, and is used to scan and photograph an image of the peripheral side of the transparent root canal tooth model that is continuously and uniformly driven by the drive motor, and the zero position detection device is used to detect the starting position and the ending position of the line array camera assembly scanning and photographing the transparent root canal tooth model.

[0031] In the above structure, the transparent root canal tooth model installed on the tooth fixture is driven by the driving motor to continuously rotate at a uniform speed, and then the image of the peripheral side of the transparent root canal tooth model is scanned and photographed by the linear array camera assembly, so that the image data of the peripheral side of the root canal in the transparent root canal tooth model can be obtained. The image of the top of the pulp chamber of the root canal that has been opened at the top of the transparent root canal tooth model is photographed by the area array camera assembly suspended on the tooth fixture, so that the image data of the pulp chamber of the root canal can be obtained. In this way, through two image data, the shape data of the root canal in the whole tooth model required for root canal treatment evaluation can be completely obtained, which greatly reduces the subsequent software image analysis workload and calculation time, making it possible to evaluate and complete the homework of dozens of students in a class within 1 to 2 hours. Compared with traditional Micro-CT equipment, the scanning and shooting device of the present invention only uses one driving motor and one linear array camera assembly to obtain the complete side data of the root canal of the tooth model, with a simple design and a compact appearance (the size and weight of a microwave oven); debugging, calibration, and maintenance are very convenient, and no protection is required. In addition, the shape data obtained by the scanning and shooting device of the present invention is what the teacher sees is what he gets, and it is completely real visually, while the 3D data obtained by Micro-CT is reconstructed and rendered based on the difference in the X-ray absorption attenuation coefficient of the material through a certain algorithm. The edge recognition of the latter is different from the real visual edge recognition and is not necessarily reliable. In addition, the manufacturing cost of the scanning and shooting device of the present invention is much lower than that of Micro-CT, so it has a great price advantage.

[0032] Preferably, see Fig.10 The scanning and shooting device also includes a controller and a computer. The zero position detection device feeds back a detection signal to the controller. The controller receives a working instruction from the computer and controls the drive motor, the linear array camera assembly, and the area array camera assembly through a control interface. The image data scanned and shot by the linear array camera assembly is collected through a linear array data acquisition card and fed back to the computer. The image data shot by the area array camera assembly is collected through an area array data acquisition card and fed back to the computer. The physical form of the controller can be an interface circuit board connected to the computer. The control interface of the interface circuit board is used to trigger the exposure shooting of the linear array camera and the area array camera, control the operation of the drive motor, and control the opening of the ring light source and the strip light source during the shooting process according to a set program. The control interface of the interface circuit board is also used to receive the detection signal fed back by the zero position detection device and the instruction to start working from the computer, and also provide the computer with necessary feedback information. The computer is installed with image data reading software and image analysis software. The transparent root canal tooth model scanning and shooting device used for root canal treatment training, the image data reading software and the image analysis software constitute a complete transparent root canal treatment tooth evaluation system, which is used for daily objective evaluation of root canal treatment results in oral teaching.

[0033] Preferably, see Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The tooth fixture includes a pillow block 201 and a mounting seat 202, a through hole is provided on the horizontal workbench, the middle part of the motor shaft is installed in the through hole through a sleeve 203, the bottom end of the pillow block is installed on the shaft head of the motor shaft, at least two first positioning columns 204 are provided on the top of the pillow block, at least two first positioning holes 205 corresponding to the two first positioning columns are formed at the bottom of the mounting seat, at least two second positioning columns 206 are provided on the top of the mounting seat, at least two second positioning holes 701 corresponding to the at least two second positioning columns are formed at the bottom of the transparent root canal tooth model, the mounting seat is fixed to the pillow block by plugging the first positioning column into the first positioning hole, the transparent root canal tooth model is fixed to the mounting seat by plugging the second positioning column into the second positioning hole, and at least two first positioning columns are arranged in a fool-proof structure, so that the mounting seat can only be fixed on the pillow block in a fixed plug-in direction, and at least two second positioning columns are arranged in a fool-proof structure, so that the transparent root canal tooth model can only be fixed on the mounting seat in a fixed plug-in direction. In this way, the shaft head of the motor shaft is installed on the shaft table, the mounting seat is installed on the shaft table, and the tooth model is installed on the mounting seat. The driving motor can drive the tooth model to rotate 360 ​​degrees, which is convenient for the linear array camera assembly to scan and shoot the image of the peripheral side of the tooth model. Among them, the function of quickly installing the mounting seat on the shaft table is realized through the plugging of the first positioning column and the first positioning hole, and at least two first positioning columns are arranged in a fool-proof structure, which limits the direction of plugging the mounting seat on the shaft table, and achieves the purpose of unified installation standards. Similarly, the function of quickly installing the transparent root canal tooth model on the mounting seat is realized through the plugging of the second positioning column and the second positioning hole, and at least two second positioning columns are arranged in a fool-proof structure, which limits the direction of plugging the transparent root canal tooth model on the mounting seat, and achieves the purpose of unified installation standards, which is conducive to the consistent evaluation standards of transparent root canal tooth models used by different students. Because the root canal may be a full circle, it may be inserted in the wrong direction. The tooth model used by each student for practical training is also the same. If the plugging directions are different, the starting point of the linear array camera assembly scanning is not unified, and the scanned images will not be comparable.

[0034] Preferably, the mounting seat is made of ferromagnetic metal, and a groove 2011 is provided on the top of the pillow block. A magnet 207 is installed in the groove. The magnet adsorbs the ferromagnetic metal mounting seat, which can further improve the stable connection between the mounting seat and the pillow block.

[0035] Preferably, two second positioning columns are provided at the bottom of the mounting seat, and the two second positioning columns are both cylinders, and the two second positioning columns have different diameters, and two first positioning columns are provided on the pillow block, and the two first positioning columns are both cylinders, and the two first positioning columns have different diameters. In this way, by designing the two first and second positioning columns to be cylinders with different diameters, it can play the role of a fool-proof structure to prevent the wrong plug-in direction, and facilitate the plug-in of the mounting seat with the two cylindrical holes of different sizes designed with corresponding dimensions at the bottom of the transparent root canal tooth model, and the loading and unloading is very convenient, and it is also convenient for the pillow block to plug in the two cylindrical holes of different sizes designed with corresponding dimensions at the bottom of the mounting seat, and the loading and unloading is also very convenient. The design of the assembly form of the mounting seat and the tooth model and the assembly form of the mounting seat and the pillow block is not limited to this, as long as the assembly accuracy is high, the loading and unloading is convenient, and there are fool-proof features to prevent installation errors. For example, a positioning column can be designed at the bottom of the mounting seat and a positioning hole of a corresponding size can be designed on the pillow block. It is worth mentioning that the two cylindrical holes at the bottom of the tooth model are the only regular data with mechanical form in the entire tooth model morphological data. The software can calibrate the size of the entire tooth model by measuring the outer diameter and height data of the two cylindrical holes and comparing them with the actual outer diameter and height size data of the two cylindrical holes, so as to accurately measure the data of other dimensions of the tooth model (including the size of the root canal).

[0036] Preferably, see Figure 3The zero position detection device comprises a zero position sensor 601, a sensor fixing frame 602 and a zero position baffle 603, one end of the zero position baffle is installed on one side of the tooth fixture, the sensor fixing frame is installed on the horizontal workbench and is located on one side of the tooth fixture, the zero position sensor is installed on the sensor fixing frame, the zero position baffle follows the rotation of the tooth fixture, the zero position baffle enters the working area of ​​the zero position sensor, and the zero position sensor is electrically connected to the control interface of the controller. In this way, when the zero position baffle follows the rotation of the tooth fixture, the zero position baffle enters the working area of ​​the zero position sensor, and the zero position sensor will detect the tooth fixture (tooth model), so this can be used as the starting position and end position of the tooth model. Because the tooth fixture will be driven to rotate by the motor shaft, in order to minimize the position deviation caused by the movement, the zero position baffle is designed to be assembled on the tooth fixture to ensure that the rotation position of the zero position baffle is completely consistent with the rotation position of the tooth model and the tooth fixture. The zero position sensor can adopt a photoelectric limit switch or a mechanical contact switch. Preferably, a photoelectric limit switch is used here. Referring to the figure, a U-shaped photoelectric limit switch is exemplified. The working area of ​​the photoelectric limit switch is a U-shaped clamp. The optical axis points from one side wall of the U-shaped side wall to the other side wall. The U-shaped clamp is set horizontally, and the zero-position baffle passes through the U-shaped clamp, so that the zero-position baffle can be detected; the zero-position sensor is electrically connected to the control interface of the controller, and the detection signal can be output to the controller for reading. The zero-position baffle installed on the tooth fixture moves to the position that blocks the optical axis of the photoelectric limit switch, which is the zero position for the linear array camera to start shooting. The linear array camera starts to expose and shoot from the zero position. According to the pre-set image resolution, the minimum angle of each rotation of the drive motor is set. Each time the drive motor rotates one step, the linear array camera shoots an image. The drive motor rotates 360 degrees, and the linear array camera splices the strip images shot successively into a complete two-dimensional image.

[0037] The sensor holder is used to fix the zero position sensor. During the device debugging stage, the sensor holder can be used to adjust the position of the sensor. For example, the sensor holder can be designed to be L-shaped, and the vertical part of the L-shape is used to install and fix the zero position sensor. The zero position sensor can be fixed on the vertical part of the L-shape by fasteners. The horizontal part of the L-shape is used to be installed on the horizontal workbench. The specific structure is that a strip hole is formed on the horizontal part of the L-shape. The sensor holder is locked to the horizontal workbench by the fasteners (such as bolts) inserted in the strip hole and the threaded holes set on the horizontal workbench. The relative position of the sensor holder relative to the tooth fixture can be adjusted.

[0038] Preferably, the driving motor is a closed-loop stepping motor or a servo motor. Preferably, it is used to drive the rotation of the dental fixture and the dental model. During the rotation, the linear array camera assembly is used to scan and capture a complete 360-degree side image of the dental model. The operation of the servo motor can be controlled by a controller.

[0039] Preferably, see Figure 2 The area array camera assembly includes a first fixing frame 401, an area array camera 402, an area array camera lens 403 and an annular light source 404, the first fixing frame includes a first vertical plate 4011 and a first transverse plate 4012, the bottom end of the first vertical plate is installed on the horizontal workbench, one side of the first transverse plate is fixedly connected to the first vertical plate, and the first transverse plate is horizontally arranged and extends to the top of the tooth fixture, the area array camera is installed on the first transverse plate, the area array camera lens is installed on the area array camera, and the annular light source is installed on the head of the area array camera lens, and the long axis of the LED lamp bead of the annular light source is at a certain angle to the long axis of the area array camera lens, so that the light is obliquely transmitted to the root canal pulp chamber of the transparent root canal tooth model.

[0040] The area array camera can be a common square CCD or CMOS photosensitive industrial camera, which is used to photograph the top of the root canal pulp chamber of the transparent root canal tooth model. When used for evaluation, only one image is taken for subsequent image analysis and comparison to supplement the angle that the line array camera cannot capture. The area array camera is suspended on the tooth fixture through the first fixed frame. The exposure trigger signal of the area array camera is provided by the controller. The image data of the area array camera is transmitted to the external computer through the area array data acquisition card of the controller for image processing and analysis.

[0041] The area array camera lens is selected according to the area array camera and the size of the teeth to be photographed. The optical path system is required to first ensure a certain depth of field, and secondly to make the tooth model occupy as large an area as possible in the entire image field of view, so as to obtain the clearest image. The area array camera lens is preferably a fixed-focus lens with electrically controlled focus, because fixed-focus lenses can obtain better image quality at the same cost. In addition, in order to obtain clearer, high-resolution images in different depth directions (that is, different focus planes), the controller can control the electric focus to different front and back planes to obtain several images of different planes. Through subsequent software processing, these images are combined into an image with a large depth of field for analysis and evaluation, so that the results will be more accurate.

[0042] The ring light source is fixed on the head of the area array camera lens. The long axis of the LED lamp bead of the ring light source is at a certain angle to the long axis of the lens. The light is transmitted obliquely to the pulp chamber of the tooth model to obtain a better lighting effect. The controller controls the opening of the ring light source during the shooting process to save power.

[0043] Preferably, see Figure 2 The linear array camera assembly includes a second fixing frame 501, a linear array camera 502, a linear array camera lens 503 and a strip light source 504. The second fixing frame includes a second upright plate 5011 and a second transverse plate 5012. The second transverse plate is installed on the horizontal workbench. The bottom end of the second upright plate is connected to the second transverse plate, and the second upright plate is vertically arranged. The middle part of the second upright plate has a window. The linear array camera is installed on the second upright plate. The linear array camera lens is installed on the linear array camera through the window. The strip light source is installed on the horizontal workbench or the first upright plate. The strip light source illuminates the photographed surface of the transparent root canal tooth model from an oblique side.

[0044] In the above structure, the linear array camera is a type of industrial camera. Its light-sensitive pixels are different from those of the area array camera. It has only one or two rows of pixels, and the number of pixels in each row can be large, so that the resolution can be very high and the field of view can be very large. This camera produces an image each time it is exposed. Relying on the motor to drive the continuous and uniform motion of the object to be measured, the linear array camera synchronously and continuously exposes a series of strip images, which are automatically spliced ​​into a very long image. In the present invention, this feature of the linear array camera is utilized. We use it to shoot the side image of the transparent root canal tooth model that is driven by the driving motor to run continuously and uniformly. As a result, only one image is generated, and the 360-degree complete side of the root canal of the transparent root canal tooth model can be fully expressed by one image. The subsequent image analysis software only needs to evaluate this image, thereby greatly reducing the amount of calculation for image analysis. The trigger signal of the linear array camera is given by the controller, and the image data of the linear array camera is output to an external computer through the controlled data acquisition card for image processing and analysis.

[0045] The linear array camera lens is selected according to the linear array camera and the size of the teeth to be photographed. It is particularly important to note that because the captured image should have a certain clarity in the depth direction, the optical path system should be designed to first ensure a certain depth of field, and secondly, to make the tooth model occupy as large an area as possible in the entire image field of view, so that the clearest image can be obtained. Linear array cameras are preferably fixed-focus lenses with electrically controlled focus, because fixed-focus lenses can obtain better image quality at the same cost. In addition, in order to obtain clearer, high-resolution images in different depth directions (that is, different focal planes), the controller can control the electric focus to different front and back planes to obtain several images of different planes. Through subsequent software processing, these images are combined into an image with a large depth of field for analysis and evaluation, so that the results will be more accurate.

[0046] The scanning and shooting device of the present invention adopts a controllable electric focus lens, which can shoot multiple images in the same direction and at different depths, so that the software can synthesize a high-resolution image with ultra-depth of field. The visual resolution of the image can exceed that of Micro-CT.

[0047] The second fixing frame of the linear array camera is used to fix the linear array camera and the linear array camera lens. During the device debugging stage, the fixing frame can be used to adjust the front and back, up and down position of the linear array camera. So that the teeth can be in the center area of ​​the image and adjust the object distance. Figure 2 and Figure 7 , two first strip slots 5013 are arranged at intervals on the second transverse plate, and the second transverse plate is fixed to the horizontal workbench by threading a first fastener 5014 inserted in the first strip slot and a first threaded hole correspondingly arranged on the horizontal workbench, and the distance of the line array camera relative to the tooth fixture is adjusted by adjusting the position of the first fastener in the first strip slot, and a second strip slot 5015 is arranged at each of the four corners of the second vertical plate, and the line array camera is fixed to the second vertical plate by threading a second fastener 5016 inserted in the second strip slot and a second threaded hole correspondingly arranged on the line array camera, and the height of the line array camera relative to the horizontal workbench is adjusted by adjusting the position of the second fastener in the second strip slot. In this way, the second fixing frame can be locked to the horizontal workbench by threading the first fastener and the first threaded hole, and the distance of the line array camera relative to the tooth fixture can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the first fastener in the first strip slot. Similarly, the linear array camera can be locked to the second fixing frame through the threaded connection between the second fastener and the second threaded hole, and the height of the linear array camera relative to the horizontal workbench can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the second fastener in the second strip slot.

[0048] The strip light source of the linear array camera is installed on the horizontal workbench or the first vertical plate. The strip light source is used to illuminate the photographed surface of the transparent root canal tooth model from the oblique side to provide a better lighting effect. The controller controls the opening of the strip light source during the shooting process to save power. The strip light source can be installed on the horizontal workbench or the first vertical plate through a fixing bracket. Preferably, see Figure 6 and Figure 7The strip light source is mounted on the first upright plate through a third fixing frame 505, the third fixing frame includes a third upright plate 5051 and a third transverse plate 5052, one side of the third upright plate is mounted on the first upright plate, one side of the third transverse plate is connected to the third upright plate, and the third transverse plate is arranged horizontally, and the top of the strip light source is mounted on the third transverse plate. Preferably, the strip light source can adjust the position of the line array camera light source during the device debugging stage through the fixing frame. For example, a strip slot 5053 can also be provided on the third upright plate of the third fixing frame, and the fastener 5054 can be threadedly connected to the threaded hole to achieve the third fixing frame being locked to the first upright frame, and the height of the strip light source relative to the horizontal workbench can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the fastener in the strip slot.

[0049] Preferably, the present invention uses the scanning and photographing device for evaluation of the transparent root canal tooth model training as follows:

[0050] First, according to the tooth position, pulp chamber morphology, root canal number, root canal morphology and root canal size proposed by the school teacher, the tooth model was designed using computer-aided design technology. Because the tooth model is only used for the training and evaluation of root canal treatment, the top of the pulp chamber of the root canal is open (such as Figure 1 As shown, the tooth shown is the 16# tooth position, with three roots). At the same time, based on the data of this tooth model, a special tooth fixture for this tooth model is designed and manufactured, including a mounting seat and an axis table.

[0051] Then, computer-aided manufacturing technology can be used to 3D print a transparent tooth model with root canal features; or a forming mold for the transparent tooth model can be designed and produced first. The forming mold can be a silicone mold or a metal injection mold, and the tooth model can be produced using the forming mold. In terms of current manufacturing characteristics, metal injection molds have higher production efficiency and precision, and are preferred.

[0052] Next, the root canal wall inside the transparent root canal tooth model is dyed, usually red, so that the image contrast of the root canal in the transparent tooth model is very high and the edge of the root canal is easy to identify.

[0053] Next, the tooth model is inserted into the mounting base of the tooth fixture, and then the mounting base is plugged into the pillow block pre-fixed on the motor shaft for scanning and shooting to obtain two images: one is a photo of the pulp chamber floor at the top of the tooth model taken by an area array camera; the other is a 360-degree image of the side of the tooth model taken by a line array camera, which is called the original root canal image.

[0054] The teacher and students used tooth models with dyed root canal walls to practice root canal treatment (including root canal enlargement surgery). The tooth models of the training results are called root canal enlargement tooth models. In the root canal enlargement surgery, the operator will grind off the previously dyed root canal walls to enlarge the root canal diameter. Therefore, the root canal walls of the tooth after root canal enlargement need to be re-dyed after flushing.

[0055] The root canal enlarged tooth models of the teacher and the students were placed on the tooth fixture again for scanning and shooting, and two images were obtained for each. The teacher's is called the teacher's root canal image, and the student's is called the student's root canal image.

[0056] The root canal treatment evaluation software installed on the computer uses the original root canal images and the teacher's root canal images as the benchmarks, and compares the student's root canal images with them. It sets weights according to the pre-set clinical root canal treatment evaluation standards and scores the student's root canal images. Ultimately, an objective and quantitative evaluation of the student's training results is obtained, and guidance and improvement suggestions are given to the students through diagrams.

[0057] The above embodiments are a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or changes to the above embodiments without departing from the essence of the present invention, which shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A scanning and photographing device for evaluation of training using a transparent root canal tooth model, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame (1) having a horizontal workbench (101), a tooth fixture (2), a drive motor (3), an area array camera assembly (4), a line array camera assembly (5) and a zero position detection device (6), wherein the drive motor is mounted on the bottom surface of the horizontal workbench, the motor shaft (301) of the drive motor passes through the horizontal workbench and is fixedly connected to the tooth fixture, a transparent root canal tooth model (7) is detachably mounted on the top of the tooth fixture, the area array camera assembly is suspended above the tooth fixture and is used to capture an image of the top of the root canal pulp chamber of the opened root canal at the top of the transparent root canal tooth model fixed on the tooth fixture, the line array camera assembly is mounted on the top surface of the horizontal workbench and is used to scan and capture an image of the peripheral side of the transparent root canal tooth model driven by the drive motor to continuously rotate at a uniform speed, and the zero position detection device is used to detect whether the line array camera assembly scans and captures the transparent root canal tooth The starting position and the ending position of the model are determined by the drive motor being a closed-loop stepping motor or a servo motor. The area array camera assembly comprises a first fixing frame (401), an area array camera (402), an area array camera lens (403) and an annular light source (404). The first fixing frame comprises a first vertical plate (4011) and a first horizontal plate (4012). The bottom end of the first vertical plate is mounted on the horizontal workbench. One side of the first horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the first vertical plate. The first horizontal plate is horizontally arranged and extends above the tooth fixture. The area array camera is mounted on the first horizontal plate. The area array camera lens is mounted on the area array camera. The annular light source is mounted on the head of the area array camera lens. The long axis of the LED lamp bead of the annular light source is at a certain angle to the long axis of the area array camera lens, so that the light is obliquely transmitted to the root canal pulp chamber of the transparent root canal tooth model.

2. The scanning and photographing device for evaluation of the transparent root canal tooth model training according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a controller and a computer. The zero-position detection device feeds back a detection signal to the controller. The controller receives a work instruction from the computer and controls the drive motor, the linear array camera assembly and the area array camera assembly through a control interface. The image data scanned and photographed by the linear array camera assembly is collected through a linear array data acquisition card and fed back to the computer. The image data photographed by the area array camera assembly is collected through an area array data acquisition card and fed back to the computer.

3. The scanning and photographing device for evaluation of the transparent root canal tooth model training according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooth fixture comprises a pillow block (201) and a mounting seat (202); a through hole is provided on the horizontal workbench; the middle part of the motor shaft is installed in the through hole through a sleeve (203); the bottom end of the pillow block is installed on the shaft head of the motor shaft; at least two first positioning columns (204) are provided on the top of the pillow block; at least two first positioning holes (205) corresponding to the two first positioning columns are formed at the bottom of the mounting seat; at least two second positioning columns (206) are provided on the top of the mounting seat; and the bottom of the transparent root canal tooth model is formed with holes corresponding to the at least two first positioning columns. The at least two second positioning holes (701) correspond one to another of the second positioning columns, the mounting seat is fixed to the pillow block by plugging the first positioning column into the first positioning hole, the transparent root canal tooth model is fixed to the mounting seat by plugging the second positioning column into the second positioning hole, and at least two first positioning columns are arranged in a fool-proof structure so that the mounting seat can only be fixed to the pillow block in a fixed plugging direction, and at least two second positioning columns are arranged in a fool-proof structure so that the transparent root canal tooth model can only be fixed to the mounting seat in a fixed plugging direction.

4. The scanning and photographing device for evaluation of the transparent root canal tooth model training according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two second positioning columns are provided at the bottom of the mounting seat, both of which are cylinders and have different diameters, and two first positioning columns are provided on the pillow block, both of which are cylinders and have different diameters.

5. The scanning and photographing device for evaluation of the transparent root canal tooth model training according to claim 2, characterized in that: The zero position detection device comprises a zero position sensor (601), a sensor fixing frame (602) and a zero position baffle (603), one end of the zero position baffle being mounted on one side of the tooth fixture, the sensor fixing frame being mounted on the horizontal workbench and located on one side of the tooth fixture, the zero position sensor being mounted on the sensor fixing frame, the zero position baffle entering into the working area of ​​the zero position sensor during the rotation of the tooth fixture, and the zero position sensor being electrically connected to the control interface of the controller.

6. The scanning and photographing device for evaluation of the transparent root canal tooth model training according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear array camera assembly comprises a second fixing frame (501), a linear array camera (502), a linear array camera lens (503) and a strip light source (504); the second fixing frame comprises a second upright plate (5011) and a second transverse plate (5012); the second transverse plate is mounted on the horizontal workbench; the bottom end of the second upright plate is connected to the second transverse plate; the second upright plate is vertically arranged; a window is provided in the middle of the second upright plate; the linear array camera is mounted on the second upright plate; the linear array camera lens is mounted on the linear array camera through the window; the strip light source is mounted on the horizontal workbench or the first upright plate; the strip light source illuminates the photographed surface of the transparent root canal tooth model from an oblique side direction.

7. The scanning and photographing device for evaluation of the transparent root canal tooth model training according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second transverse plate is provided with two first strip slots (5013) at intervals, and the second transverse plate is fixed to the horizontal workbench by threading a first fastener (5014) inserted in the first strip slot and connected to a first threaded hole correspondingly arranged on the horizontal workbench, and the distance of the line array camera relative to the tooth fixture is adjusted by adjusting the position of the first fastener in the first strip slot, and a second strip slot (5015) is provided at each of the four corners of the second upright plate, and the line array camera is fixed to the second upright plate by threading a second fastener (5016) inserted in the second strip slot and connected to a second threaded hole correspondingly arranged on the line array camera, and the height of the line array camera relative to the horizontal workbench is adjusted by adjusting the position of the second fastener in the second strip slot.

8. The scanning and photographing device for evaluation of the transparent root canal tooth model training according to claim 6, characterized in that: The strip light source is mounted on the first upright plate via a third fixing frame (505), the third fixing frame comprises a third upright plate (5051) and a third transverse plate (5052), one side of the third upright plate is mounted on the first upright plate, one side of the third transverse plate is connected to the third upright plate, and the third transverse plate is arranged horizontally, and the top of the strip light source is mounted on the third transverse plate.

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