A rocket load constraint release and separation mechanism

Abstract

The present invention provides a rocket load constraint release and separation mechanism, comprising a connecting rope connecting a rocket and a load, a gunpowder barrel, and an igniter. The gunpowder barrel is filled with gunpowder, and the top cover and the bottom cover of the gunpowder barrel are provided with through holes for the connecting rope to pass through the gunpowder barrel. The size of the through holes matches the outer diameter of the connecting rope. The connecting rope passes through the through holes of the top cover and the bottom cover of the gunpowder barrel. The ignition head on the igniter is placed in the gunpowder barrel. The positive and negative wires of the igniter pass through the gunpowder barrel and are connected to the ignition controller outside the gunpowder barrel. A spring is installed between the bottom cover of the gunpowder barrel and the load. By passing the connecting rope through the gunpowder barrel and installing a spring on the connecting rope between the bottom cover of the gunpowder barrel and the load, when the ignition head is powered on and ignited, the gunpowder in the gunpowder barrel burns quickly to burn the connecting rope, and the constraint between the rocket connected to the connecting rope and the load is released. The separation force is provided by the compressed spring elastic force, and the rocket and the load are quickly separated, which is safe and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of aerospace technology, and in particular to a rocket load constraint release and separation mechanism. Background Art

[0002] At present, the separation of multi-stage rockets is usually carried out by explosive bolt separation and pneumatic ejection. When explosive bolts are separated, multiple bolts need to be exploded and unlocked at the same time, which requires high precision in the processing of stress concentration cuts, otherwise they cannot be separated reliably. Moreover, the separation only relies on the shock wave generated by the explosion to destroy the connecting bolts, and there is no reliable separation force, resulting in problems such as complex separation mechanism, high cost, and low reliability. Pneumatic ejection separation is difficult to ensure that multiple separators are unlocked and separated at the same time with the same separation force. There is a small gap between the two contact surfaces of the stuck ball, which also has the problems of low reliability and high manufacturing cost. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a rocket load constraint release and separation mechanism in view of the problems of complexity, low reliability and high manufacturing and assembly cost of the rocket separation mechanism in the prior art.

[0004] To solve this problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A rocket load constraint release and separation mechanism comprises a connecting rope, a powder keg, and an igniter for connecting a certain stage of a rocket that needs to continue flying according to a predetermined trajectory and a load to be jettisoned. The powder keg is filled with gunpowder, and the top end cover and the bottom end cover of the powder keg are provided with through holes for the connecting rope to pass through the powder keg, and the size of the through holes matches the outer diameter of the connecting rope. The ignition head on the igniter is placed in the powder keg, and the positive and negative wires of the igniter pass through the powder keg and are connected to an ignition controller outside the powder keg. A spring in a compressed state is installed between the bottom end cover of the powder keg and the load to be jettisoned.

[0006] Furthermore, a first limiter is installed at the end of the connecting rope close to the rocket, and a second limiter is installed at the end of the connecting rope close to the load. The first limiter and the second limiter define the position of the gunpowder barrel on the connecting rope, and the spring is installed between the bottom end cover of the gunpowder barrel and the second limiter.

[0007] Furthermore, the through hole and the connecting rope are interference fit.

[0008] Furthermore, the first limiter and the second limiter are knots after the connecting rope is knotted.

[0009] Furthermore, a first sealing ring is installed between the first limiter and the top cover of the gunpowder barrel. The connecting rope passes through the first sealing ring and then passes through the through hole on the top cover of the gunpowder barrel. The first sealing ring and the connecting rope are interference fit.

[0010] Furthermore, a second sealing ring is installed in the powder keg at the through hole of the bottom cover of the powder keg, and the connecting rope passes through the second sealing ring and then out of the through hole at the bottom of the powder keg, and the second sealing ring and the connecting rope are interference fit.

[0011] Furthermore, a thread of a certain height is engraved on the lower part of the barrel wall of the gunpowder barrel, the bottom end cover of the gunpowder barrel is in a shape similar to a bucket, and a thread matching the lower part of the barrel wall of the gunpowder barrel is engraved on the side wall of the bottom end cover of the gunpowder barrel, and the bottom end cover of the gunpowder barrel is threadedly connected to the barrel wall of the gunpowder barrel.

[0012] Furthermore, a thread of a certain height is engraved on the upper part of the barrel wall of the gunpowder barrel, the top cover of the gunpowder barrel is shaped like a bucket, and a thread matching the upper part of the barrel wall of the gunpowder barrel is engraved on the side wall of the top cover of the gunpowder barrel, and the top cover of the gunpowder barrel is threadedly connected to the barrel wall of the gunpowder barrel.

[0013] Furthermore, the ignition controller is a single chip microcomputer.

[0014] Furthermore, the ignition head passes through the first sealing ring and the through hole on the top cover of the gunpowder barrel and enters the gunpowder barrel to contact the gunpowder in the gunpowder barrel.

[0015] Furthermore, one end of the spring is flattened and contacts the bottom cover surface of the powder barrel, and the node at the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the second limiter on the connecting rope.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0017] The present invention provides a rocket load constraint releasing and separating mechanism, which is achieved by passing a connecting rope through a powder barrel, and installing a spring in a compressed state on the connecting rope between the bottom end cover of the powder barrel and the load to be thrown away. When an ignition controller issues an ignition command, an ignition head is energized and ignites, igniting the gunpowder in the gunpowder barrel. The gunpowder burns rapidly to burn the connecting rope. After the connecting rope burns, the constraint between the rocket connected to the connecting rope and the load is released, and the separation force is provided by the compressed spring elastic force. The rocket and the load are separated rapidly, which is safe and reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a rocket load constraint release and separation mechanism of the present invention.

[0019] Legend:

[0020] 1. connecting rope, 11. first limiter, 12. second limiter, 2. gunpowder barrel, 21. top cover of gunpowder barrel, 22. bottom cover of gunpowder barrel, 23. through hole, 3. igniter, 31. ignition head, 32. positive and negative wires, 33. ignition controller, 4. gunpowder, 5. spring, 6. first sealing ring, 7. second sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] like Figure 1 A specific embodiment of a rocket load constraint release and separation mechanism of the present invention is shown, comprising a connecting rope 1 for connecting a certain stage of a rocket that needs to continue flying according to a predetermined trajectory and a load to be jettisoned, a powder keg 2, and an igniter 3, wherein the powder keg is filled with gunpowder 4, and a through hole 23 for the connecting rope to pass through the powder keg is provided on the top cover 21 and the bottom cover 22 of the powder keg, and the size of the through hole 23 matches the outer diameter of the connecting rope, an ignition head 31 on the igniter is placed in the powder keg, and the positive and negative wires 32 of the igniter pass through the powder keg and are connected to an ignition controller 33 outside the powder keg, and a spring 5 in a compressed state is installed between the bottom cover of the powder keg and the load to be jettisoned. In this embodiment, a connecting rope is passed through a gunpowder barrel, and a spring in a compressed state is installed on the connecting rope between the bottom end cover of the gunpowder barrel and the load to be thrown away. When the ignition controller issues an ignition command, the ignition head is powered on and ignites, igniting the gunpowder in the gunpowder barrel. The gunpowder burns quickly and burns the connecting rope. After the connecting rope burns, the constraint between the rocket connected to the connecting rope and the load is released, and the separation force is provided by the compressed spring elastic force. The rocket and the load are quickly separated, which is safe and reliable. When the connecting rope is connected to the rocket or the load, hinges are provided at both ends of the connecting rope. The hinge and the rocket or the load are connected by a connecting block fixed on the rocket or the load. The hinge and the connecting block are rotatably connected to flexibly adjust the direction of the hinge. The connecting rope adopts a flexible connecting rope with relatively high strength, which can withstand the gravity and tension of a large load. The gunpowder in this embodiment is composed of a combustible and an oxidant, and is in a granular state. After ignition, it can burn rapidly at high temperature without the need for air.

[0022] In this embodiment, a first limiter 11 is installed at one end of the connecting rope close to the rocket, and a second limiter 12 is installed at one end of the connecting rope close to the load. The first limiter 11 and the second limiter 12 limit the position of the gunpowder barrel on the connecting rope, and the spring 5 is installed between the bottom end cover 22 of the gunpowder barrel and the second limiter 12. In this embodiment, the connecting rope 1 passes through the inside of the gunpowder barrel 2, and the gunpowder barrel 2 and the connecting rope 1 are slidably connected. The gunpowder barrel 2 can move at both ends of the connecting rope 1, and the gunpowder barrel 2 has a certain friction f1 with the connecting rope when sliding. The position of the gunpowder barrel on the connecting rope is limited by the first limiter 11. The second limiter 12 limits the position of the gunpowder barrel and the spring on the connecting rope. The compressed spring can not only limit the position of the gunpowder barrel on the connecting rope, but also provide pre-tightening force to the connecting rope and provide separation force when the multi-stage rocket is separated, so as to ensure the accurate separation of the rocket load. The spring 5 is made of spring steel material that can provide greater elasticity, one end of which is flattened and contacts the bottom cover of the gunpowder barrel, and the node at the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the second stopper on the connecting rope. The spring is initially in a compressed state, straightens the connecting rope, and provides a certain pre-tightening force to the connecting rope.

[0023] In this embodiment, the through hole 23 and the connecting rope 1 are interference fit, so that there is a large friction between the connecting rope 1 and the gunpowder barrel 2, which can prevent the gunpowder from leaking from the through holes of the top cover and the bottom cover. External force is needed to make the gunpowder barrel slide on the connecting rope, and the position of the gunpowder barrel on the connecting rope can be limited when there is no external force.

[0024] In this embodiment, the first stopper 11 and the second stopper 12 are knotted points of the connecting rope.

[0025] In this embodiment, a first sealing ring 6 is installed between the first limiter 11 and the top cover 21 of the gunpowder barrel. The connecting rope passes through the first sealing ring 6 and then passes through the through hole 23 on the top cover 21 of the gunpowder barrel. The first sealing ring 6 and the connecting rope 1 are interference fit. The function of the first sealing ring is to seal the gap between the connecting rope and the through hole of the top cover of the first gunpowder barrel to prevent granular gunpowder from leaking from the gunpowder barrel. There is a large friction force f2 between the connecting rope and the first sealing ring due to the interference fit. When there is no external force, the position of the first sealing ring on the connecting rope is relatively fixed. When the two ends of the connecting rope are straightened by force, the connecting rope fixes the first sealing ring between the first limiter and the top cover of the gunpowder barrel to prevent granular gunpowder from leaking from the gunpowder barrel.

[0026] In this embodiment, a second sealing ring 7 is installed in the gunpowder barrel 2 at the through hole of the bottom cover 22 of the gunpowder barrel. The connecting rope 1 passes through the second sealing ring 7 and then passes through the through hole on the bottom cover of the gunpowder barrel. The second sealing ring 7 and the connecting rope 1 are interference fit. In this embodiment, the second sealing ring is used to seal the gap between the connecting rope and the through hole on the bottom cover of the gunpowder barrel to prevent granular gunpowder from leaking from the gunpowder barrel. The second sealing ring passes through one end of the connecting rope and is connected to the inner surface of the bottom cover of the gunpowder barrel. There is a large friction force f3 between the connecting rope and the second sealing ring due to the interference fit. When not affected by external force, due to the existence of the friction force f3, the position of the second sealing ring on the connecting rope is relatively fixed and will not slide. Initially, the connecting rope is straightened. Under the action of external force, the second sealing ring is installed on the connecting rope at a position closer to the bottom cover of the gunpowder barrel. Under the action of the spring force, the connecting rope is gradually straightened. During this process, the second sealing ring will contact the inner surface of the bottom cover of the gunpowder barrel, and the bottom cover of the gunpowder barrel will generate a supporting force N on the sealing ring. When the supporting force is equal to the friction force f3 between the connecting rope and the second sealing ring, that is, N=f3, under the action of the spring force, the connecting rope continues to be tightened and straightened, while the position of the second sealing ring relative to the bottom cover of the gunpowder barrel is relatively fixed and no longer changes. Finally, the connecting rope is straightened and tightened, and the second sealing ring seals the gap between the connecting rope and the bottom cover of the gunpowder barrel to prevent gunpowder from leaking from the gunpowder barrel.

[0027] In this embodiment, a thread of a certain height is engraved on the lower part of the barrel wall of the gunpowder barrel, the bottom end cover of the gunpowder barrel is in the shape of a bucket, and a thread matching the lower part of the barrel wall of the gunpowder barrel is engraved on the side wall of the bottom end cover of the gunpowder barrel, and the bottom end cover of the gunpowder barrel is threadedly connected to the barrel wall of the gunpowder barrel. By adjusting the thread engagement length between the bottom end cover of the gunpowder barrel and the barrel wall of the gunpowder barrel, the volume of the gunpowder barrel can be fine-tuned. The preload force F applied to the connecting rope can also be adjusted, and the preload force F can provide a separation force when the multi-stage rocket is separated. Similarly, a thread of a certain height is engraved on the upper part of the barrel wall of the gunpowder barrel, the top end cover of the gunpowder barrel is in the shape of a bucket, and a thread matching the upper part of the barrel wall of the gunpowder barrel is engraved on the side wall of the top end cover of the gunpowder barrel, and the top end cover of the gunpowder barrel is threadedly connected to the barrel wall of the gunpowder barrel. By adjusting the thread engagement length between the top end cover of the gunpowder barrel and the barrel wall of the gunpowder barrel, the volume of the gunpowder barrel can be fine-tuned. The preload force F of the connecting rope can also be adjusted, and the preload force F can provide a separation force when the multi-stage rocket is separated. In this embodiment, the threads on the barrel wall of the gunpowder barrel can be engraved on the inside or outside of the barrel wall, and the threads on the side wall of the top cover or the bottom cover of the gunpowder barrel are correspondingly external threads or internal threads, which are convenient for matching with the barrel wall of the gunpowder barrel.

[0028] In this embodiment, the ignition controller 33 is a single-chip microcomputer. The single-chip microcomputer controls the operation of the entire system. The ignition head 31 passes through the first sealing ring 6, is fixed by the first limiter 11 and the connecting rope 1, and then enters the gunpowder barrel 2 through the through hole 23 on the top cover 21 of the gunpowder barrel, and contacts the gunpowder 4 in the gunpowder barrel 2. Of course, the ignition head 31 can also enter the gunpowder barrel 2 through the through hole 23 on the bottom cover 22 of the gunpowder barrel and contact the gunpowder 4. After the positive and negative wires of the igniter pass through the gunpowder barrel, they are connected to the single-chip microcomputer outside the gunpowder barrel. When the rocket load separation condition is met, the single-chip microcomputer sends an ignition signal, the ignition head is powered on and ignites, and the gunpowder in the gunpowder barrel is ignited. The gunpowder burns rapidly and burns the connecting rope. After the connecting rope burns off, the constraint between the rocket connected to the connecting rope and the load is released. In this embodiment, the single-chip microcomputer is fixed to the top cover of the gunpowder barrel by screw thread connection.

[0029] The separation mechanism of the present invention can be used in the separation of multi-stage rockets, the opening of a recoverable rocket parachute, and the separation of a recoverable rocket and a parachute after landing. The working process is as follows:

[0030] (1) The ignition controller 33 detects whether the separation condition is satisfied.

[0031] (2) If the separation condition is met, the ignition controller 33 issues an ignition command.

[0032] (3) The ignition head 31 is energized and ignited.

[0033] (4) The ignition head 31 ignites the flame and burns quickly.

[0034] (5) The gunpowder quickly burns the connecting rope 1.

[0035] (6) The connection constraints between the rocket and the payload are released.

[0036] (7) The spring provides the separation force, and the rocket and the load separate quickly.

[0037] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rocket load constraint release and separation mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a connecting rope, a powder barrel, and an igniter for connecting a certain stage rocket that needs to continue flying according to a predetermined trajectory and a load to be discarded. The powder barrel contains gunpowder. The top cover and the bottom cover of the powder barrel are provided with through holes for the connecting rope to pass through the powder barrel. The size of the through holes matches the outer diameter of the connecting rope. The igniter head on the igniter is placed in the powder barrel. The positive and negative wires of the igniter pass through the powder barrel and are connected to the ignition controller outside the powder barrel. A spring in a compressed state is installed between the bottom cover of the powder barrel and the load to be discarded. A first stopper is installed at one end of the connecting rope close to the rocket, and a second stopper is installed at one end of the connecting rope close to the load, the first stopper and the second stopper define the position of the gunpowder barrel on the connecting rope, and the spring is installed between the bottom end cover of the gunpowder barrel and the second stopper; One end of the spring is flattened and contacts the bottom cover surface of the gunpowder barrel, and the node at the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the second limiter on the connecting rope; The through hole and the connecting rope are interference fit.

2. The separation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first stopper and the second stopper are knot points after the connecting rope is knotted.

3. The separation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first sealing ring is installed between the first limiter and the top cover of the gunpowder barrel. The connecting rope passes through the first sealing ring and then passes through the through hole on the top cover of the gunpowder barrel. The first sealing ring and the connecting rope are interference fit.

4. The separation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second sealing ring is installed in the powder keg at the through hole of the bottom cover of the powder keg. The connecting rope passes through the second sealing ring and then passes through the through hole on the bottom cover of the powder keg. The second sealing ring and the connecting rope are interference fit.

5. The separation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A thread of a certain height is engraved on the lower part of the barrel wall of the gunpowder barrel. The bottom end cover of the gunpowder barrel is shaped like a bucket. A thread matching the lower part of the barrel wall of the gunpowder barrel is engraved on the side wall of the bottom end cover of the gunpowder barrel. The bottom end cover of the gunpowder barrel is threadedly connected to the barrel wall of the gunpowder barrel.

6. The separation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A thread of a certain height is engraved on the upper part of the barrel wall of the gunpowder barrel, and the top cover of the gunpowder barrel is shaped like a bucket. A thread matching the upper part of the barrel wall of the gunpowder barrel is engraved on the side wall of the top cover of the gunpowder barrel, and the top cover of the gunpowder barrel is threadedly connected to the barrel wall of the gunpowder barrel.

7. The separation mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The ignition controller is a single chip microcomputer.

8. The separation mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The ignition head passes through the first sealing ring and the through hole on the top cover of the gunpowder barrel to enter the gunpowder barrel, or the ignition head enters the gunpowder barrel from the through hole on the bottom cover of the gunpowder barrel to contact with the gunpowder.

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