A head-up display

Abstract

The application provides a head-up display, comprising: an active light-emitting image source; the active light-emitting image source comprises an image source substrate and a plurality of light sources, and all the light sources are arranged on the image source substrate and on the same side of the image source substrate. Through the head-up display provided by the embodiment of the application, the light emitted by the light source is collimated through the collimating element, the scattered light emitted by the light source can be uniformly directed to the same direction, the light source is prevented from emitting scattered light, and therefore the brightness of the light emitted by the light source can be improved; compared with a traditional active light-emitting image source, under the same brightness requirement, the active light-emitting image source provided by the embodiment can ensure sufficient brightness under smaller power, and power consumption can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of display imaging technology, and more specifically, to a head-up display. Background Technology

[0002] Head-up display (HUD) technology uses the principle of optical reflection to project vehicle information such as speed onto the windshield or other glass. This can prevent drivers from looking down at the instrument panel while driving, thus improving driving safety and providing a better driving experience.

[0003] Most existing windshield-mounted head-up displays (HUDs) use liquid crystal displays (LCDs) as their image source. If a traditional LCD image source is used, the brightness of the image displayed on the windshield is relatively low. This is usually achieved by increasing the brightness of the LCD image source, which not only results in higher power consumption of the image source but also generates more heat, increasing the heat dissipation requirements for the HUD. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a head-up display.

[0005] This invention provides a head-up display, including: an active light-emitting image source;

[0006] The active light source includes an image source substrate and multiple light sources, and all of the light sources are disposed on the image source substrate and on the same side of the image source substrate.

[0007] The light source is circular in shape, and multiple light sources are closely packed together; or

[0008] The light source is rectangular in shape, and multiple light sources are arranged in a completely compact stack; or

[0009] The light source is hexagonal in shape, and multiple light sources are arranged in a completely close-packed manner; or

[0010] The light source is octagonal in shape, and multiple light sources are closely stacked together; or

[0011] The light source is circular or octagonal in shape, with multiple light sources stacked closely together, and additional sub-light sources of the same size as the gaps between the four light sources are provided; or

[0012] The multiple light sources are arranged according to a first distortion pattern, which is opposite to and corresponds to the second distortion pattern of the windshield.

[0013] In the above-described solution of the present invention, the light emitted by the light source is collimated by a collimating element, which can unify the scattered light emitted by the light source towards the same direction, avoid the light source from scattering light, and thus improve the brightness of the light emitted by the light source. Compared with traditional active light source, under the same brightness requirement, the active light source provided in this embodiment can ensure sufficient brightness with lower power, which can reduce power consumption.

[0014] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This shows a schematic diagram of the first structure of the active light-emitting image source provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This shows a schematic diagram of the second structure of the active light-emitting image source provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the third structure of the active light-emitting image source provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0019] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the fourth structure of the active light-emitting image source provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the fifth structure of the active light-emitting image source provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0021] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the sixth structure of the active light-emitting image source provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 7 A seventh structural schematic diagram of the active light-emitting image source provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0023] Figure 8 This shows a schematic diagram of the first structure of the 3D active light emission image source provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 9This shows a schematic diagram of the second structure of the 3D active light emission image source provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 10a This diagram illustrates the first arrangement of light sources in the active light-emitting image source provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10b This diagram illustrates the second arrangement of light sources in the active light-emitting image source provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 10c A schematic diagram of the third arrangement of light sources in the active light-emitting image source provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0028] Figure 10d A schematic diagram of the fourth arrangement of light sources in the active light-emitting image source provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0029] Figure 11 This shows a first structural schematic diagram of the head-up display provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 12 An imaging schematic diagram of a conventional image source provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0031] Figure 13 This illustrates a first imaging schematic diagram of distortion correction using an active light-emitting image source provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 14 This illustrates a second imaging schematic diagram of distortion correction using an active light-emitting image source provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 15 This diagram illustrates the image formed on the windshield by the head-up display provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the second structure of the head-up display provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0035] Reference numerals: 104-Light source, 105-Light focusing element, 106-Diffusing element, 107-Collimating element, 108-Direction control element, 110-Light blocking element, 1061-Light spot, 1062-Focusing position, 1081-Concave substrate, 1082-Lens, 100-Light control device, 202-Blocking layer, 203-Columnar lens layer, 701-Windshield, 800-Active light source, 810-Image source substrate, 801-Conventional image source, 910-Reflector, 920-Curved mirror. Detailed Implementation

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0037] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0038] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] In this embodiment of the invention, the higher luminous efficacy of active light-emitting image sources compared to passive light-emitting image sources (such as liquid crystal displays) is utilized to ensure imaging brightness. Furthermore, existing active light-emitting image sources generally simply arrange light sources according to a certain rule. By arranging the light sources according to this rule, a specific image can be generated on the surface. For example, a sequentially arranged LED array, using LEDs that can emit different brightness levels, can form a grayscale image; if the LEDs are colored LEDs, they can emit red, green, or blue light, and by controlling the on / off state and brightness of the LEDs, a color image can be formed. Although traditional active light-emitting image sources improve light utilization compared to passive light-emitting image sources, they still have a relatively large viewing angle, resulting in some light waste. This embodiment provides an active light-emitting image source, as shown in Figure 1. This active light-emitting image source includes: a light control device 100 and multiple light sources 104; the multiple light sources 104 are distributed in different positions; the light control device 100 includes a collimating element 107. The collimating element 107 covers one or more light sources 104, and is used to collimate and emit the light emitted by the covered light sources 104.

[0040] In this embodiment, the collimating element 107 is used to adjust the emission direction of the light to a preset angle range. Figure 1 The following example illustrates the use of a light source with a collimating element 107. Specifically, the light source 104 can be an LED, and each LED surface is provided with a collimating element 107 to collimate the diffused light emitted by the LED, so that most of the light emitted by the LED is directed in the same direction.

[0041] Optionally, the collimating element 107 can be a collimating lens or a collimating film; the collimating lens includes one or more of a convex lens, a Fresnel lens, and a lens combination (such as a combination of a convex lens and a concave lens, or a combination of a Fresnel lens and a concave lens). Specifically, if the collimating element 107 is a convex lens, the light source 104 can be positioned at the focal length of the convex lens, that is, the distance between the convex lens and the light source is the focal length of the convex lens, so that light rays emitted from the light source 104 in different directions can be emitted in parallel after passing through the collimating element 107. Alternatively, the collimating element 107 can be a collimating film, such as a BEF film (Brightness Enhancement Film), used to adjust the outgoing direction of light to a preset angle range, for example, to focus the light within an angle range of ±35° of the collimating film normal.

[0042] Specifically, the light source 104 can be an electroluminescent device, such as a light-emitting diode (LED), incandescent lamp, laser, quantum dot light source, etc., specifically such as organic light-emitting diode (OLED), mini light-emitting diode (Mini LED), micro light-emitting diode (Micro LED), cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL), electroluminescent display (ELD), cold LED light (CLL), electroluminescent (EL), field emission display (FED), halogen tungsten lamp, metal halide lamp, etc.

[0043] This embodiment provides an active light-emitting image source that uses a collimating element to collimate the light emitted by the light source, thereby unifying the scattered light emitted by the light source towards the same direction and preventing the light from being scattered out of the light source, thus improving the brightness of the light emitted by the light source. Compared with traditional active light-emitting image sources, under the same brightness requirement, the active light-emitting image source provided in this embodiment can ensure sufficient brightness with lower power, thereby reducing power consumption.

[0044] Based on the above embodiments, in order to further improve the brightness of the active light-emitting image source, the light control device 100 for the active light-emitting image source provided in this embodiment also includes a light-gathering element 105. See also Figure 2 As shown,

[0045] The light-gathering element 105 is disposed on the side of the collimating element 107 away from the light source 104, and is used to converge all the light emitted by the light sources 104 to the same position. Figure 2 The preset position is 1062. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the light focusing element 105 can be provided with multiple collimating elements 107.

[0046] Optionally, to achieve light convergence, in addition to utilizing the converging element 105, the convergence of light from the light sources can also be achieved by adjusting the orientation of the principal optical axis of each light source. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 As shown, the light control device 100 also includes a direction control element 108;

[0047] The direction control element 108 corresponds to one or more light sources 104 and is used to adjust the orientation of the principal optical axis of the corresponding light source 104, thereby converging the light emitted by the light sources 104 at different positions; for example... Figure 3 As shown, the light emitted by the light source 104 is focused onto the preset position 1062.

[0048] In this embodiment, multiple direction control elements 108 are used to converge the light emitted from the light source 104. For details, see [link to documentation]. Figure 3 As shown, light sources 104 are installed at different locations. Figure 3 The example uses seven light sources 104; correspondingly, seven direction control elements 108 are provided to control the direction of the light emitted by the light sources 104. Figure 3 As shown, the direction control element 108 converges the light emitted by multiple light sources 104 to a preset position 1062. Among them, Figure 3Taking point 1062 as an example, the preset position 1062 in this embodiment can also be a very small area, that is, it is only necessary to focus the light emitted by the light source 104 into this area. Specifically, the direction of the light emitted by the light source 104 is adjusted by setting the orientation of the direction control element 108 at different positions, that is, adjusting the orientation of the main optical axis of the light source, thereby achieving light convergence.

[0049] Optional, see Figure 4 As shown, the direction control element is a concave substrate 1081, and the light source 104 is disposed on the concave surface of the substrate 1081, with the plane of the light source 104 being tangent to the concave surface of the substrate 1081. By setting the shape of the substrate 1081, the direction of the principal optical axis of the light source 104 can also be adjusted, thereby achieving the converging function.

[0050] Optional, see Figure 5 As shown, the direction control element 108 is a lens 1082 with an inclined angle, and the principal optical axis of the lens 1082 is oriented towards the preset position 1062. The orientation of the lens 1082 is used to adjust the principal optical axis of the light source 104.

[0051] Based on the above embodiments, when focusing is achieved using the light-gathering element 105 or the direction control element 108, the imaging brightness of the active light-emitting image source is very high, but the image size is small, and the viewing range is small, making it unsuitable for multiple viewers. In this embodiment, the light control device 100 also includes a diffusion element 106. See also Figure 6 or Figure 7 As shown, the diffusion element 106 is disposed on the side of the light focusing element 105 away from the light source 104, or on the side of the direction control element 108 away from the light source 104. The diffusion element 106 is used to diffuse the light emitted by the light source 104 and form a light spot 1061.

[0052] by Figure 7 For example, in this embodiment, multiple direction control elements 108 are used to converge the light emitted from the light source 104. For details, see... Figure 7 As shown, light sources 104 are installed at different locations. Figure 7 The example uses seven light sources 104; correspondingly, seven direction control elements 108 are provided to control the direction of the light emitted by the light sources 104. Figure 7 As shown, when the diffusion element 106 is absent, the direction control element 108 converges the light emitted by the multiple light sources 104 to a preset position 1062. Figure 7Taking point 1062 as an example, the preset position 1062 in this embodiment can also be a very small area, that is, it is only necessary to focus the light emitted by the light source 104 into this area. Specifically, the direction of the light emitted by the light source 104 is adjusted by setting the orientation of the direction control element 108 at different positions, thereby achieving light convergence.

[0053] Meanwhile, if light from different locations is simply converged to a very small preset position 1062, the active light-emitting image source can only image within a very small area, making it inconvenient for the observer to view the image formed by the image source. In this embodiment, the light is diffused by the diffusion element 106, forming a light spot 1061 of a preset shape with a larger imaging range, thereby making it convenient for the observer to view the image source image over a larger area. Specifically, with Figure 7 Taking the leftmost direction control element 108 as an example, as follows: Figure 7 As shown, when the diffusion element 106 is not present, the light A emitted by the leftmost light source 104 can be directed along the light path a to the preset position 1062. When the diffusion element 106 is set outside the direction control element 108, the diffusion element 106 disperses the light A into multiple light rays (including light rays A1, light rays A2, etc.) and disperses them into a range, namely the light spot 1061, so that the observer can view the image of the active light source within the range of the light spot 1061.

[0054] Optionally, the diffusing element 106 includes, but is not limited to, diffractive optical elements (DOEs), such as beam shaders. After light passes through the diffractive optical element, it diffuses and forms a light spot with a specific geometric shape. The size and shape of the light spot are determined by the microstructure of the diffractive optical element. The shape of the light spot includes, but is not limited to, circles, ellipses, squares, rectangles, and batwing shapes. The diffusion angle of the diffused light spot in the side-view direction can be 10 degrees, preferably 5 degrees; the diffusion angle in the front-view direction can be 50 degrees, preferably 30 degrees.

[0055] The system includes multiple direction control elements 108, each positioned at a different location to adjust the emission direction of light emitted from light sources at different locations. All light emitted from light sources at different locations points to the same preset position. Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 The number of direction control elements 108 is seven. One direction control element 108 can adjust the light emitted by one light source 104, or it can adjust the light emitted by multiple light sources 104. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0056] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 7 The diffusion effect of the diffusion element 106 is only illustrative. The diffusion element 106 can diffuse light into the area of ​​the light spot 1061, but it does not completely confine the light emitted by the light source 104 to the light spot 1061. That is, light A may form a larger light spot after passing through the diffusion element 106, and light emitted by other light sources 104 may form other light spots after passing through the diffusion element 106, but light emitted by all light sources 104 can reach the light spot 1061.

[0057] This embodiment provides an active light-emitting image source that uses a direction control element to converge light from different locations to the same location, thereby increasing the light brightness. At the same time, it uses a diffusion element to diffuse the light, thereby forming a light spot of a preset shape, which facilitates subsequent imaging within the light spot area. Thus, while increasing the light brightness, it can also expand the imaging range.

[0058] Based on the above embodiments, the direction control element 108 is used to adjust the emission direction of light emitted by one or more light sources 104.

[0059] The point (x, y, z) on the plane where the direction control element 108 is located satisfies the following equation:

[0060] (x p -x0)(x-x0)+(y p -y0)(y-y0)+(z p -z0)(z-z0)=0;

[0061] Where, x p ,y p ,z p The x, y, and z coordinates of the preset position 1062 are respectively represented, and x0, y0, and z0 represent the x, y, and z coordinates of a known point on the plane where the direction control element 108 is located.

[0062] In this embodiment, the plane where the direction control element 108 is located refers to the plane in which the multiple light sources 104 are arranged when the direction control element 108 is used to adjust the emission direction of the light emitted by the multiple light sources 104. That is, the emission direction of the light is perpendicular to the plane where the direction control element 108 is located. If the preset position 1062 of the light direction is set as point P, its coordinates are (x... p ,y p ,z p ); and the coordinates of a known point M0 on the plane where the direction control element 108 is located are (x0, y0, z0), then the vector corresponding to the outgoing direction of the light ray is:

[0063]

[0064] Let (x, y, z) be the normal vector of the plane containing the direction control element 108, and let (x0, y0, z0) be a point on that plane. According to the point normal form equation, the point (x, y, z) on the plane containing the direction control element 108 satisfies the following equation:

[0065] (x p -x0)(x-x0)+(y p -y0)(y-y0)+(z p -z0)(z-z0)=0.

[0066] Meanwhile, to ensure the converging effect of the active light-emitting image source, the size of the direction control element 108 needs to be as small as possible. The specific size of the direction control element 108 can be determined according to actual needs. The point (x, y, z) on the plane where the direction control element 108 is located satisfies the following value range:

[0067] The values ​​x1, x2, y1, y2, z1, z2 are determined based on the location of each direction control element 108, and the values ​​of x1, x2, y1, y2, z1, z2 corresponding to different direction control elements 108 are not exactly the same; or,

[0068] The point (x, y, z) on the plane where the direction control element 108 is located satisfies the following range of values:

[0069] The values ​​of Δx1, Δx2, Δy1, Δy2, Δz1, and Δz2 are determined based on the size of the direction control element 108.

[0070] Based on the above embodiments, the light control device 100 further includes a light blocking element; the light blocking element is disposed on the outermost side of the light control device, for example, on the side of the diffusion element 106 away from the light source 104, and the light blocking element is used to limit the emission angle of the emitted light from the active light source.

[0071] Specifically, the light-blocking element physically blocks the propagation of light in certain directions through a raised grid array. By designing the height and width of the grid, the angle at which the observer can see the light can be limited. In this embodiment, the light-blocking element of the active light-emitting image source can be directly disposed outside the diffusion element 106.

[0072] Based on the above embodiments, the direction control element 108 further includes a reflective element; the reflective element includes a lamp cup; the lamp cup is a hollow shell surrounded by a reflective surface, and the opening of the lamp cup faces the collimating element 107; the tail end of the lamp cup away from the opening is used to set the light source 104.

[0073] Based on the above embodiments, see Figure 8 As shown, the active light source also includes a blocking layer 202, which is disposed on the side of the collimating element 107 away from the light source 104, and a preset distance is provided between the blocking layer 202 and the collimating element 107; the blocking layer 202 includes a plurality of blocking units arranged at intervals.

[0074] exist Figure 8 In this example, an active light-emitting image source comprising six light sources 104 and a blocking layer 202 comprising five blocking units are used for illustration. Each light source 104 corresponds to one pixel unit in the image. As shown in the figure, due to the gap between the blocking layer 202 and the light sources 104, and because the blocking layer 202 blocks light, the light emitted by some of the light sources 104 (R1, R2, R3) cannot reach the left eye. Therefore, the left eye can only see the light emitted by pixel units L1, L2, L3; similarly, the right eye can only see the light emitted by pixel units R1, R2, R3. Thus, the blocking layer 202 divides all the light sources 104 into two parts: one part of the light sources 104 can only reach the left eye, such as L1, L2, L3; while the other part of the light sources 104 can only reach the right eye, such as R1, R2, R3. During image display, two images with parallax are displayed through different light sources 104, creating a parallax between the image viewed by the left eye and the image viewed by the right eye, thereby achieving 3D imaging.

[0075] The size of each blocking unit in the blocking layer 202, as well as the position between the blocking units, are specially designed after precise calculations, so that imaging can be achieved at specific locations. This method does not require the observer to wear special glasses to view 3D images, but the observer needs to be in a specific position to see a relatively good 3D imaging effect.

[0076] Optionally, the blocking unit of the blocking layer 202 is a liquid crystal. When the liquid crystal of the blocking layer 202 is working, it allows light to pass through; when the liquid crystal is not working, it acts as an opaque barrier, thus achieving the effect of blocking light. Specifically, when an observer needs to view a 2D image, the liquid crystal of the blocking layer 202 is working, and the active light-emitting image source displays the 2D image normally. When an observer needs to view a 3D image, the liquid crystal of the blocking layer 202 is not working, and different pixels of the active light-emitting image source (i.e., different light sources 104) display images with parallax, allowing the observer to view a 3D image from a specific position.

[0077] Alternatively, the blocking layer 202 can be a complete liquid crystal, i.e., a monolithic liquid crystal layer 202. Structurally, the blocking layer 202 is not divided into multiple blocking units, but by controlling the operating state of the liquid crystal in the blocking layer 202, multiple spaced blocking units can be formed. That is, it can be determined which part of the blocking layer needs to block light (equivalent to a blocking unit) and which part needs to transmit light, thus achieving the function of blocking light. Furthermore, the operating state of the liquid crystal in the blocking layer 202 can be controlled in conjunction with the position of the viewer's eye, allowing the blocking layer 202 to adjust in real time which liquid crystal units are inactive (i.e., blocking light) and which liquid crystal units need to transmit light (i.e., equivalent to no blocking units). This allows the observer to view the 3D image from any position, solving the problem of viewing 3D images only from specific positions when the blocking units of the blocking layer 202 are fixed.

[0078] Based on the above embodiments, see Figure 9 As shown, the active light-emitting image source also includes: a cylindrical lens layer 203, which is disposed on the side of the collimating element 107 away from the light source 104;

[0079] The cylindrical lens layer includes a plurality of vertically arranged cylindrical lenses, and each cylindrical lens covers at least two different columns of light sources 104; the cylindrical lenses are used to direct the light emitted from one column of light sources 104 to a first position and direct the light emitted from another column of light sources 104 to a second position.

[0080] In this embodiment, 3D imaging can be achieved by refracting light emitted from different columns of light sources 104 to different positions using cylindrical lenses. For details, see [link to documentation]. Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9This is a top view. In the vertical direction, the active light-emitting image source includes 12 columns of light sources, each column containing one or more light sources (i.e., one column can contain one or more LEDs). For simplicity, this embodiment uses one light source 104 per column as an example. The cylindrical lens layer 203 contains six cylindrical lenses, each covering two columns of light sources 104; as shown... Figure 9 As shown, the uppermost cylindrical lens covers light sources R1 and L1. Based on the refractive properties of the cylindrical lens, by setting the curved surface of the cylindrical lens, light rays emitted from one light source can be directed to a first position after passing through the cylindrical lens, for example, light rays emitted from light source R1 directed to the right eye position; simultaneously, light rays emitted from another light source can be directed to a second position after passing through the cylindrical lens, for example, light rays emitted from light source L1 directed to the left eye position. By precisely setting the shape of the cylindrical lens, all light sources of the active light-emitting image source can be divided into two groups, with light rays emitted from one group directed to a certain position, and light rays emitted from the other group directed to another position. That is, as shown... Figure 9 As shown, the light emitted by light sources R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, etc. can converge to the right eye position, and the light emitted by light sources L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, etc. can converge to the left eye position. Thus, when two different light sources display images with parallax, the observer can view a 3D image from a specific position.

[0081] Optionally, in this embodiment, all light sources 104 are arranged in a close-packed manner to improve the resolution of the active light source imaging. For details, see... Figure 10a As shown, the light source 104 is circular in shape, and multiple light sources 104 are arranged in close stacks. Figure 10a In this process, all light sources 104 are mounted on the image source substrate 810. Figure 10a The image shows two closely packed arrangements of circular light sources, and Figure 10a The dashed lines in (and below) Figure 10b and Figure 10d The dashed lines (in the diagram) are merely used to distinguish between the two close-packing methods and have no practical significance. In this embodiment, "the shape of the light source" refers to the shape of the light source as observed along the direction in which the light is emitted.

[0082] Since the light source 104 is generally a point light source, using a circular light source 104 can utilize the light emitted by the light source 104 most efficiently, improving light utilization. However, when the circular light sources 104 are arranged closely together, there will inevitably be gaps between the two light sources 104, thus reducing space utilization. To balance light utilization and space utilization, the light sources 104 can be arranged in a completely compact stacking manner. In this embodiment, "completely compact stacking" means that after compact stacking, there may be no gaps between the light sources 104. When the light source 104 is rectangular or hexagonal (preferably regular hexagonal), a completely compact stacking arrangement can be achieved. See also Figure 10b As shown, the shape of the light source 104 is rectangular, and multiple light sources 104 are arranged in a completely compact stack. Figure 10b Two close-packing methods for rectangular light sources are shown. Alternatively, see... Figure 10c As shown, the light source 104 is hexagonal in shape, and multiple light sources 104 are arranged in a completely compact stack.

[0083] While the hexagonal arrangement improves space utilization, it also slightly reduces light utilization. Optionally, the light source 104 is octagonal (preferably a regular octagon), and multiple light sources 104 are closely stacked, such as... Figure 10d As shown. Furthermore, since octagons cannot achieve a completely close packing, small light sources can be used to fill the gaps. Specifically, as... Figure 10d As shown, sub-light sources 1045, whose size matches the gaps, are additionally arranged in the gaps between the four light sources 104. The sub-light sources 1045 can be of any shape; Figure 10d illustrates this by using an octagonal sub-light source 1045 as an example. Since an octagon is closer to a circle than a hexagon, it has a higher light utilization rate and also a higher space utilization rate compared to a circular array.

[0084] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention also provide a head-up display (HUD), wherein the image source of the head-up display is an active light-emitting image source.

[0085] For details, see Figure 11 As shown, the active light-emitting image source 800 of the head-up display includes an image source substrate 810 and a plurality of light sources 104, and all the light sources 104 are disposed on the image source substrate 810 and on the same side of the image source substrate 810. Figure 11 As shown, all light sources 104 are located on the upper side of the image source substrate 810.

[0086] Traditional HUDs typically use passive light-emitting sources. Since the light from a passive light-emitting source must pass through a liquid crystal layer, its brightness is relatively low. To ensure sufficient brightness for the HUD's image, a higher power supply is required. The HUD in this embodiment uses an active light-emitting source, which does not require light to pass through a liquid crystal layer during imaging. This significantly improves the efficiency of the light source and reduces power consumption. Furthermore, active light-emitting sources eliminate the need for a liquid crystal layer, reducing manufacturing steps and simplifying the production process. Optionally, the image source can be any of the active light-emitting sources described above.

[0087] In addition, see Figures 10a to 10d As shown, the light source 104 is circular in shape, and multiple light sources 104 are closely stacked and arranged; or

[0088] The light source 104 is rectangular in shape, and multiple light sources 104 are arranged in a completely compact stack; or

[0089] The light source 104 is hexagonal in shape, and multiple light sources 104 are arranged in a completely close-packed manner; or

[0090] The light source 104 is octagonal in shape, and multiple light sources 104 are closely stacked and arranged; or

[0091] The light source 104 is circular or octagonal in shape. Multiple light sources 104 are stacked closely together, and sub-light sources 104 of the same size as the gaps are set in the gaps between the four light sources 104.

[0092] For details, see Figure 10a As shown, the light source 104 is circular in shape, and multiple light sources 104 are arranged in close stacks. Figure 10a In this process, all light sources 104 are mounted on the image source substrate 810. Figure 10a The image shows two closely packed arrangements of circular light sources, and Figure 10a The dashed lines in (and below) Figure 10b and Figure 10d The dashed lines (in the diagram) are merely used to distinguish between the two close-packing methods and have no practical significance. In this embodiment, "the shape of the light source" refers to the shape of the light source as observed along the direction in which the light is emitted.

[0093] Since the light source 104 is generally a point light source, using a circular light source 104 can utilize the light emitted by the light source 104 most efficiently, improving light utilization. However, when the circular light sources 104 are arranged closely together, there will inevitably be gaps between the two light sources 104, thus reducing space utilization. To balance light utilization and space utilization, the light sources 104 can be arranged in a completely compact stacking manner. In this embodiment, "completely compact stacking" means that after compact stacking, there may be no gaps between the light sources 104. When the light source 104 is rectangular or hexagonal (preferably regular hexagonal), a completely compact stacking arrangement can be achieved. See also Figure 10b As shown, the shape of the light source 104 is rectangular, and multiple light sources 104 are arranged in a completely compact stack. Figure 10b Two close-packing methods for rectangular light sources are shown. Alternatively, see... Figure 10c As shown, the light source 104 is hexagonal in shape, and multiple light sources 104 are arranged in a completely compact stack.

[0094] While the hexagonal arrangement improves space utilization, it also slightly reduces light utilization. Optionally, the light source 104 is octagonal (preferably a regular octagon), and multiple light sources 104 are closely stacked, such as... Figure 10d As shown. Furthermore, since octagons cannot achieve a completely close packing, small light sources can be used to fill the gaps. Specifically, as... Figure 10d As shown, sub-light sources 1045, whose size matches the gaps, are additionally arranged in the gaps between the four light sources 104. The sub-light sources 1045 can be of any shape; Figure 10d illustrates this by using an octagonal sub-light source 1045 as an example. Since an octagon is closer to a circle than a hexagon, it has a higher light utilization rate and also a higher space utilization rate compared to a circular array.

[0095] Optionally, when HUDs are applied to passenger vehicles (such as automobiles), imaging is generally achieved using the windshield of the vehicle. However, since the windshield is not flat but has a certain curvature, direct imaging using the windshield will result in distortion. In this embodiment of the invention, the light source 104 of the active light-emitting image source is arranged according to a first distortion pattern, which is opposite to and corresponds to the second distortion pattern of the windshield.

[0096] See details Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, when a conventional image source 801 is used to image on the windshield 701, the conventional image source 801 can form a virtual image on the windshield 701. However, due to the second distortion morphology of the windshield, the virtual image is a distorted image. Figure 12The grid pattern on the windshield 701 represents a distorted virtual image. In this embodiment of the invention, a first distortion pattern that corresponds to and is opposite to the second distortion pattern of the windshield 701 is determined, and the light sources 104 in the active light-emitting image source 800 are arranged according to the first distortion pattern, such as arranging each LED of the active light-emitting image source 800, to eliminate the distortion caused by the windshield. See details. Figure 13 As shown, in this embodiment, the light sources 104 in the active light-emitting image source 800 are arranged according to the first distortion morphology. Figure 13 In the active light source 800, each grid represents a light source 104, so that a virtual image without distortion can be formed on the windshield 701. The grid pattern on the windshield 701 in Figure 13 represents a virtual image without distortion.

[0097] Optionally, when the light sources 104 in the active light source 800 are arranged according to a normal arrangement rule, for example according to... Figures 10a to 10d One arrangement method allows the image emitted by the active light-emitting image source 800 to be set as an image with a first distortion morphology, thereby forming a distortion-free virtual image on the windshield 701. See details... Figure 14 As shown.

[0098] In this embodiment, by arranging the light sources of the active light-emitting image source in a specific arrangement, the imaging distortion caused by the curved windshield can be eliminated, making the HUD image on the windshield more regular.

[0099] Based on the above embodiments, the active light-emitting image source 800 further includes a light-blocking element 110; the light-blocking element 110 can prevent the driver from directly viewing the head-up display screen. See also... Figure 15 As shown, the light blocking element 110 includes a plurality of light blocking grilles with preset heights, and the height direction of the light blocking grilles is towards the windshield.

[0100] Specifically, the light-blocking element 110 includes multiple light-blocking fences with preset heights. These raised fences form a fence array to physically block the propagation of light in certain directions. By designing the height and width of the light-blocking fences, the angle at which an observer can see the light can be limited. For a detailed explanation of the principle of the light-blocking fence, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 15 As shown.

[0101] See Figure 15As shown, the height direction of the light blocking element 110's light blocking grille faces the windshield 701. The height direction of the light blocking grille refers to the direction from the light blocking element on the side of the light source 104 to the outside of the active light source 800, which is also the direction of the light emitted from the active light source 800. Figure 15 The light-blocking barrier is represented by a small rectangle, and the length of this rectangle is the same as the height direction of the light-blocking barrier mentioned above. When the head-up display is working, it forms a real image on the screen surface and a virtual image through the windshield 701. Due to the light-blocking element 110, the driver's eyes (eye-4) cannot see the real image on the head-up display screen, but can only see the virtual image formed by the head-up display through the windshield 701. That is, the head-up display screen cannot be directly viewed from the user's position. Therefore, when the user is driving, the brightness of the real image formed by the head-up display screen can be avoided from affecting the user's vision or causing dizziness, thus improving driving safety.

[0102] Based on the above embodiments, see Figure 16 As shown, the head-up display also includes: a reflector 910 and a curved mirror 920; the curved mirror 920 has a concave reflective surface.

[0103] The reflector 910 is positioned in the emission path of the light emitted from the active light source 800. The reflector 910 reflects the light emitted from the active light source to the curved mirror 920; the curved mirror 920 reflects the light emitted from the reflector 910 to the imaging area. See also... Figure 16 As shown, the curved mirror 920 reflects light onto the windshield 701, thereby forming a virtual image on the outer side of the windshield 701 for the driver to view. At the same time, the concave reflective surface of the curved mirror 920 can expand the imaging area of ​​the active light source 800, so that even if the screen of the active light source 800 is not large, the head-up display can still image over a large area of ​​the windshield.

[0104] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A heads-up display, characterized in that, include: Active light source; The active light source includes an image source substrate and multiple light sources, all of which are disposed on the image source substrate and on the same side of the image source substrate, while the multiple light sources are distributed in different positions. The active light-emitting image source further includes: a light control device, which includes a light focusing element or a direction control element. The light focusing element is used to converge the light emitted by all the light sources to the same preset position. The direction control element corresponds to one or more light sources and is used to adjust the orientation of the main optical axis of the corresponding light source. The emission direction of the light emitted by the light sources at different positions all points to the same preset position. The preset position is a point. The number of the direction control elements is multiple, and different direction control elements are set in different positions to adjust the emission direction of the light emitted by the light source at different positions. The direction control element is a lens with an inclined angle, and the principal optical axis of the lens is oriented towards the preset position; or, the direction control element is a concave substrate, and the light source is set on the concave surface of the substrate, and the plane where the light source is located is tangent to the concave surface of the substrate. The light source is circular in shape, and multiple light sources are closely packed together; or The light source is rectangular in shape, and multiple light sources are arranged in a completely compact stack; or The light source is hexagonal in shape, and multiple light sources are arranged in a completely close-packed manner; or The light source is octagonal in shape, and multiple light sources are closely stacked together; or The light source is circular or octagonal in shape, with multiple light sources stacked closely together, and additional sub-light sources of the same size as the gaps are set in the gaps between the four light sources. or The multiple light sources are arranged according to a first distortion pattern, which is opposite to and corresponds to the second distortion pattern of the windshield.

2. The head-up display according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light control device also includes a collimation element; The collimating element covers one or more light sources to collimate and emit light emitted from the covered light sources.

3. The head-up display according to claim 2, characterized in that, The light-gathering element is positioned on the side of the collimating element away from the light source.

4. The head-up display according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the direction control elements is multiple, and different direction control elements are set in different positions to adjust the emission direction of the light emitted by the light source at different positions.

5. The head-up display according to claim 1, characterized in that, The direction control element is used to adjust the emission direction of light emitted from one or more light sources; The point (x, y, z) on the plane where the direction control element is located satisfies the following equation: (x p -x0)(x-x0)+(y p -y0)(y-y0)+(z p -z0)(z-z0)=0; Where, x p ,y p ,z p The x-axis coordinates, y-axis coordinates, and z-axis coordinates of the preset position are respectively represented by x0, y0, and z0, which represent the x-axis coordinates, y-axis coordinates, and z-axis coordinates of a known point on the plane where the direction control element is located, respectively.

6. The head-up display according to claim 2, characterized in that, The direction control element also includes a reflective element; The reflective element includes a lamp cup; the lamp cup is a hollow shell surrounded by a reflective surface, and the opening of the lamp cup faces the collimating element; The end of the lamp cup furthest from the opening is used to house the light source.

7. The head-up display according to any one of claims 3-6, characterized in that, The light control device also includes a diffusion element; The diffusion element is disposed on the side of the light focusing element away from the light source, or on the side of the direction control element away from the light source. The diffusion element is used to diffuse the light emitted by the light source and form a light spot.

8. The head-up display according to claim 2, characterized in that, The active light-emitting image source further includes: a blocking layer, the blocking layer being disposed on the side of the collimating element away from the light source, and a preset distance being provided between the blocking layer and the collimating element; The barrier layer includes multiple barrier units spaced apart.

9. The head-up display according to claim 8, characterized in that, The blocking unit is a liquid crystal; or The barrier layer is an integral liquid crystal, and multiple spaced barrier units are formed by controlling the working state of the liquid crystal cells of the integral liquid crystal.

10. The head-up display according to claim 2, characterized in that, The active light-emitting image source further includes: a cylindrical lens layer, wherein the cylindrical lens layer is disposed on the side of the collimating element away from the light source; The cylindrical lens layer includes a plurality of vertically arranged cylindrical lenses, and each cylindrical lens covers at least two different columns of light sources; the cylindrical lenses are used to direct the light emitted from one column of light sources to a first position and direct the light emitted from another column of light sources to a second position.

11. The head-up display according to any one of claims 2-10, characterized in that, The light control device also includes a light blocking element; The light blocking element is disposed on the outermost side of the light control device, and the light blocking element is used to limit the emission angle of the light emitted from the head-up display.

12. The head-up display according to claim 11, characterized in that, The light blocking element includes multiple light blocking grilles with a preset height, and the height direction of the light blocking grilles is towards the windshield.

13. The head-up display according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A reflector and a curved mirror; the curved mirror has a concave reflective surface; The reflector is disposed in the emission path of the emitted light from the active light source, and the reflector is used to reflect the light emitted by the active light source to the curved mirror; The curved mirror is used to reflect the light emitted by the reflector to the imaging area.

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