A converter pure dry dust removal system integrating high constant temperature filtration and purification and waste heat recovery

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of energy conservation and environmental protection, and specifically to a converter pure dry dust removal system that integrates high-constant temperature filtration and purification with waste heat recovery. It includes a vaporization cooling flue, a high-temperature constant temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device, a waste heat recovery system, and an explosion venting and escaped flue gas capture and treatment system. A pure dry dust removal process is adopted, which makes the consumption of water and steam "0"; no water is added during the full dry dust removal process, the temperature of the recovered coal gas is low, the air volume of the primary fan operating condition is reduced, the fan consumes less power, and the water, electricity and environmental protection benefits are significant. During the converter gas cooling process, there is no direct contact with water, the coal gas does not contain water, CO loss is reduced, the coal gas recovery volume is large, it is convenient for transportation and use, and the coal gas quality is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy conservation and environmental protection, and in particular to a converter pure dry dust removal system integrating high constant temperature filtration and purification with waste heat recovery. Background Art

[0002] Converter steelmaking, the primary steelmaking process for steel companies, produces gases during the blowing process that are primarily carbon monoxide, with small amounts of carbon dioxide and other trace components. These gases also carry large amounts of iron oxide, metallic iron particles, and other fine solid dust particles, causing serious pollution to the atmosphere and the workshop environment. Therefore, improving the technical level of converter dust removal systems, effectively recovering and utilizing converter gas, and recovering waste heat from flue gases are of great significance for energy conservation and cost reduction in steelmaking, effectively controlling and reducing steelmaking atmospheric pollutant emissions, and alleviating environmental pollution.

[0003] The temperature of converter flue gas at the outlet is approximately 1400-1600°C, with a dust concentration of 70-200g / m³. After leaving the furnace, it is typically cooled to 800-1000°C using a vaporization or water-cooling flue. It then enters a flue gas dust removal system to reduce dust concentration to meet national emission standards and gas user requirements. Currently, the main domestic converter primary flue gas dust removal technologies include the traditional OG method, the new OG method, the semi-dry method, and the dry method (LT method).

[0004] Currently, regardless of which of the aforementioned process systems is used for converter primary flue gas purification, the common characteristic is that high-temperature flue gas is cooled by evaporating water to absorb the latent heat of vaporization. Dry (LT) dust removal also consumes large amounts of steam due to its inherent system requirements. While consuming water to cool flue gas is an efficient cooling method, it is also very energy-intensive. This is because the high-temperature flue gas exiting the vaporization cooling flue is inherently high-grade thermal energy. Instead of recovering this heat, significant additional energy is consumed to cool it, resulting in significant energy waste and a major cause of smoke and rain. For example, under typical design conditions, the flue gas temperature exiting the vaporization flue ranges from 800 to 1000°C. Simply reducing the flue gas temperature to 500°C can generate up to 20 kg of steam per ton of steel, generating significant benefits.

[0005] Dry dust removal always carries a high risk of gas explosions, and electrostatic precipitators are inevitably susceptible to high-voltage flashovers, leading to explosion venting issues. During actual production operations, dry electrostatic precipitator systems for converter primary flue gas frequently experience explosion venting and smoke generation, often failing to ensure stable, standard flue gas emissions. Furthermore, explosion venting in electrostatic precipitators also causes secondary pollution at workstations.

[0006] Because the flue gas is cooled by spraying water and steam, it contains a large amount of moisture, which causes corrosion of the flue gas duct, electrostatic precipitator plates and shell, gas pipeline, and gas recovery equipment.

[0007] Because oxygen blowing is not continuous during the converter steelmaking process, the high-temperature, fine purification, filtration, and waste heat recovery units are constantly in alternating cycles of heating and cooling. This results in significant alternating thermal stress on these units. This alternating thermal stress shortens the service life of the vaporization cooling flue and waste heat recovery units, necessitating significant daily maintenance and repair work, significantly impacting converter steelmaking production.

[0008] The explosion relief devices installed in the existing converter primary dust removal system are all directly connected to the atmosphere. When the system explodes, it will also cause a certain degree of secondary pollution to the work environment. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a converter pure dry dust removal system integrating high constant temperature filtration purification and waste heat recovery.

[0010] The converter pure dry dust removal system integrating high temperature constant temperature filtration purification and waste heat recovery according to the present invention comprises: a vaporization cooling flue, a high temperature constant temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device, a waste heat recovery system, and an explosion venting and escaping flue gas capture and treatment system, wherein:

[0011] The waste heat recovery system includes an upper membrane water-cooled wall evaporator of a membrane water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with independently replaceable heat pipes. The membrane water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with independently replaceable heat pipes includes an upper box body, multiple waste heat recovery sections, an intermediate transition section, and an ash hopper, wherein the upper box body is located above the waste heat recovery section, the intermediate transition section is located between adjacent waste heat recovery sections, the ash hopper is located at the end of the waste heat recovery section, the upper box body is provided with a high-temperature flue gas inlet, the shell of the waste heat recovery section is a membrane water-cooled wall, and a heat pipe that can be independently replaced and inserted from the outside is provided on the membrane water-cooled wall of the waste heat recovery section, and the heating surface of the heat pipe that can be independently replaced is covered with a heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating.

[0012] The high-temperature flue gas generated by the oxygen blowing of the converter passes through the vaporization cooling flue, the high-temperature flue gas pipeline, the high-temperature constant-temperature pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device, and the waste heat recovery system to cool the high-temperature flue gas for heat recovery, and the high-temperature resistant pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device with a built-in high-temperature phase change heat accumulator releases or stores heat.

[0013] According to the converter pure dry dust removal system integrating high-temperature constant-temperature filtration and purification and waste heat recovery of the present invention, the waste heat recovery system includes a movable smoke hood and a hood skirt, a vaporization cooling flue, a membrane water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with independently replaceable heat pipes, a high-pressure steam drum, and a low-pressure steam drum, wherein,

[0014] The high-pressure steam drum, the downcomer, the upper heat pipe evaporator of the membrane-type water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with independently replaceable heat pipes, the upper membrane-type water-cooled wall evaporator of the membrane-type water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with independently replaceable heat pipes, and the riser constitute a high-pressure evaporator system;

[0015] The water in the high-pressure drum enters the evaporator of the vaporization cooling flue through the downcomer, absorbs the heat of the flue gas to form a steam-water mixture, and enters the high-pressure drum through the riser. After being separated by the steam-water separator in the high-pressure drum, the steam is transported from the high-pressure drum to the heat accumulator;

[0016] The heat pipe evaporator in the middle of the membrane water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with independently replaceable heat pipes constitutes an economizer, which heats the water coming out of the water distribution header to 170°C and then sends it to the high-pressure steam drum;

[0017] The low-pressure steam drum, the downcomer, the lower heat pipe evaporator of the membrane-type water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with independently replaceable heat pipes, the lower membrane-type water-cooled wall evaporator of the membrane-type water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with independently replaceable heat pipes, and the riser constitute a low-pressure evaporator system;

[0018] The water in the low-pressure drum enters each evaporator through the downcomer, absorbs the heat of the flue gas to form a steam-water mixture, and enters the low-pressure drum through the riser to generate low-pressure saturated steam which is transported to the deaerator and used as boiler feed water for heating and deoxygenation.

[0019] According to the converter pure dry dust removal system integrating high-temperature constant-temperature filtration and purification and waste heat recovery of the present invention, the explosion-proof smoke gas capture and treatment system includes a spring self-resetting explosion-proof device that can prevent the explosion-proof smoke from escaping, and the spring self-resetting explosion-proof device that can prevent the explosion-proof smoke from escaping includes an escaped smoke gas capture cover shell and a spring self-resetting valve plate assembly, wherein,

[0020] The upper part of the outer shell of the smoke collecting hood is provided with a smoke outlet, which is connected to the smoke pipe of the explosion venting smoke collecting and processing system.

[0021] The spring self-resetting valve plate assembly includes a valve plate, a valve plate guide rod, a self-resetting spring group, and a self-resetting spring group fixing frame, wherein:

[0022] The spring self-resetting valve plate assembly is fixed to the lower part of the inner cavity of the leakage collection shell through the valve plate guide rod; a valve plate guide rod and a self-resetting spring assembly fixing bracket are provided on the upper part of the valve plate guide rod, and the self-resetting spring assembly is fixed on the valve plate guide rod and the self-resetting spring assembly fixing bracket. The self-resetting spring assembly applies downward and balanced pressure to the valve plate.

[0023] The lower part of the valve plate is provided with an explosion venting smoke inlet.

[0024] The valve plate of the spring self-resetting valve plate assembly is sealed with the flange surface on the inner side of the lower part of the shell body of the external smoke collection hood through a sealing ring.

[0025] According to the converter pure dry dust removal system integrating high-temperature constant-temperature filtration and purification and waste heat recovery of the present invention, the explosion-proof and escaping flue gas capture and treatment system includes a spring self-resetting explosion-proof device that can prevent the explosion-proof and escaping smoke, a jet draft device of the explosion-proof and escaping flue gas capture and treatment system, and an explosion-proof and escaping flue gas temperature-adjusting flame arrester.

[0026] Based on the above problems existing in several existing converter primary dust removal processes, the following improvement plan is proposed to achieve safe, stable and reliable operation of the converter primary dust removal system, efficient recovery of all waste heat, stable recovery of clean dry gas, stable ultra-low flue gas emissions, saving a large amount of water and steam consumption, and completely eliminating smoke and rain and corrosion problems in the gas recovery system:

[0027] 1. A pure dry dust removal process is adopted. This eliminates the evaporative cooler (EC) used in existing dry and semi-dry dust removal systems and replaces it with an effective waste heat recovery device throughout the entire converter primary flue gas treatment process, including cooling, dust removal and purification, clean dry gas recovery, and flue gas release. This eliminates the need to directly spray water and steam into the high-temperature flue gas, instead utilizing the evaporative heat absorption of water and the latent heat of steam to cool the high-temperature flue gas. This fundamentally changes the "wet" nature of existing converter primary dust removal processes, such as the OG method, the new OG method, the semi-dry method, and the dry method (LT method). This is a true dry dust removal process, with significant energy savings and environmental benefits. This effectively reduces flue gas temperature while maximizing sensible heat recovery from the converter primary flue gas. Since water and steam are no longer sprayed into the high-temperature flue gas, conditions are provided for the subsequent use of pulse-jet filter bags / filter cartridges that use medium-temperature / high-temperature resistant filter materials that can stably ensure ultra-low emissions. This also completely eliminates the problem of flue gas and smoke release from the converter's primary dust removal system.

[0028] 2. A high-temperature pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal system equipped with a high-temperature phase-change heat storage device effectively and ultra-finely purifies and filters the converter's primary high-temperature flue gas, achieving stable ultra-low emissions and significantly improving the cleanliness of the recovered dry gas. This pre-processing of the converter's primary high-temperature flue gas at high temperatures also creates more favorable conditions for subsequent waste heat recovery.

[0029] In addition, the use of a high-temperature constant-temperature pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device with a high-temperature phase change heat storage device inside can fundamentally avoid the explosion problem of the electrostatic precipitator caused by the inevitable occurrence of high-voltage flashover in the electric field, and minimize the hidden danger of gas explosion in the primary dust removal system of the converter.

[0030] By setting a high-temperature phase change heat storage device inside the high-temperature constant-temperature pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device, it can be ensured that the ceramic filter tube of the high-temperature constant-temperature pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device is always working in a stable high-temperature working environment, effectively avoiding the ceramic filter tube being in a working state of alternating heating and cooling cycles due to the characteristics of the converter steelmaking process, and improving the service life of the high-temperature resistant pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device.

[0031] 3. By setting up a dust-proof and overflow-proof spring self-resetting explosion relief valve device, a collection pipe, and corresponding subsequent processing equipment, the smoke and dust overflowed during the explosion relief valve explosion can be effectively recovered and processed to prevent the secondary pollution problems that may be caused by the explosion relief.

[0032] 4. Use a dense-phase positive-pressure pneumatic conveying system. Install a dense-phase positive-pressure pneumatic conveying system sending device under the ash hoppers of the micro-encapsulated high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator, heat pipe waste heat recovery device, flue gas temperature control / flame arrester, explosion-proof and overflow flue gas temperature control / flame arrester, and explosion-proof ultra-low emission pulse bag dust collector. Use compressed nitrogen to transport the ash in each ash hopper to the ash storage, avoiding secondary pollution problems during ash transportation.

[0033] 5. Install appropriate sensors, emergency devices, and automated control programs. The high-temperature flue gas pipe section from the vaporization cooling flue to the micro-encapsulated high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator and heat pipe waste heat recovery device is equipped with sensors such as a temperature transmitter (T), a flue gas O2 content measurement device, a flue gas H2 content measurement device, a flue gas CO content measurement device, and a pressure transmitter (P). Based on the measured process parameters and the system's automated control program, an emergency compressed nitrogen injection valve is opened to inject nitrogen into the flue when operating conditions are abnormal, thereby preventing the flue gas from deflagration.

[0034] 6. Utilizing a pure dry dust removal process, water and steam consumption is minimized. This fully dry dust removal process eliminates the need for water, resulting in a low temperature for the recovered gas. This reduces primary fan air volume, lowers fan power consumption, and significantly reduces water, electricity, and environmental benefits. The converter gas does not come into direct contact with water during cooling, resulting in a water-free gas and reduced CO loss. The recovered gas volume is high, facilitating transportation and utilization, and ensuring high-quality gas.

[0035] 7. A membrane-type water-wall combined waste heat recovery system with individually replaceable heat pipes effectively cools high-temperature flue gas, maximizing the recovery of converter primary flue gas waste heat. Utilizing a full waste heat recovery system maximizes converter flue gas waste heat recovery and steadily produces steam for power generation or production, resulting in significant energy savings. In addition to recovering heat and gas, dust particles are removed from the system, making them easily separated, recovered, and reused, eliminating secondary pollution and eliminating wastewater treatment costs.

[0036] 8. An explosion-proof ultra-low emission pulse bag dust collector is used to perform ultra-fine filtration on the primary flue gas of the converter, which completely avoids the explosion problem caused by electrostatic dust removal power generation, ensures the safe and stable operation of the primary dust removal system of the converter, and realizes the stable recovery of clean dry gas and the stable dust content of the discharged flue gas at ≤10mg / Nm³. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a converter pure dry dust removal system integrating high-temperature constant-temperature filtration and purification with waste heat recovery according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a high-temperature constant-temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a membrane water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with individually replaceable heat pipes;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a spring self-resetting explosion relief device that can prevent explosion-relief smoke and dust from escaping.

[0041] Reference numerals:

[0042] 1: Converter; 3: Gasification cooling flue; 4: Pneumatic dust conveyor; 5: Membrane-type water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with individually replaceable heat pipes; 12: High-temperature constant-temperature pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device; 14: Spring-loaded self-resetting explosion venting device to prevent explosion venting dust from escaping;

[0043] 2-4: Ash hopper; 2-5: Dust-laden high-temperature flue gas inlet; 2-10: High-temperature phase-change heat storage device; 2-11: Shell; 2-12: Ceramic filter tube; 2-17: Injection cleaning device; 2-18: Clean high-temperature flue gas outlet; 2-19: Upper box; 2-20: Partition; 2-21: Middle box; 2-22: Dust-laden flue gas primary cyclone separation / airflow equalization device.

[0044] 4-2: Flue gas duct for explosion venting and escaping smoke capture and treatment system; 4-6: Explosion venting and escaping smoke capture hood housing; 4-7: Self-reset spring assembly; 4-8: Valve plate guide rod and self-reset spring assembly fixing bracket; 4-9: Valve plate guide rod; 4-10: Valve plate; 4-14: Escaping smoke outlet; 4-15: Explosion venting and escaping smoke inlet

[0045] 5-1: Upper box; 5-2: Waste heat recovery section; 5-3: Intermediate transition section; 5-4: Ash hopper; 5-5: Gas shock wave soot blowing device; 5-6: Membrane water-cooled wall; 5-7: High-temperature flue gas inlet; 5-8: Inspection door; 5-9: Heat pipe; 5-10: Blocking baffle; 5-11: Cooled flue gas outlet; 5-12: Compressed nitrogen injection device; 5-13: Dust ash pneumatic conveying transmitter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of this application more clear, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the specific embodiments of this application and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0047] According to the present invention, the converter pure dry dust removal system integrating high-temperature constant-temperature filtration and purification and waste heat recovery includes: a vaporization cooling flue, a high-temperature constant-temperature pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device, a waste heat recovery system, and an explosion venting and escaping flue gas capture and treatment system.

[0048] in,

[0049] The steam-water system in the evaporative cooling flue utilizes a combined cooling cycle, combining natural and forced circulation. The evaporative cooling flue in the converter flue gas fully dry waste heat recovery and baghouse dust removal system is essentially the same as a traditional evaporative cooling flue, but requires some structural modifications based on the characteristics of the fully dry dust removal system.

[0050] The high-temperature constant-temperature pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device adds a high-temperature phase change heat storage device to the high-temperature flue gas pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device. In view of the discontinuous characteristics of converter steelmaking and electric furnace steelmaking production, heat storage materials are used to store and release heat energy in a set high-temperature section (i.e., 750-850°C) to resolve the contradiction between the mismatch between heat energy supply and demand in time and intensity, and ensure that the high-temperature flue gas pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device is always operated in a relatively constant high-temperature section.

[0051] The high-temperature constant-temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device includes a shell and an ash hopper, wherein the shell includes an upper box body and a middle box body from top to bottom, the upper box body and the middle box body are separated by a partition, and the ash hopper is located below the middle box body;

[0052] The upper box body is provided with a clean high-temperature flue gas outlet, the middle box body or the ash hopper is provided with a dust-laden high-temperature flue gas inlet, and a dust-laden high-temperature flue gas primary cyclone separation / airflow equalization device is provided at the dust-laden high-temperature flue gas inlet. The dust-laden high-temperature flue gas inlet is connected along the tangent direction of the circular shell, and together with the dust-laden flue gas primary cyclone separation / airflow equalization device provided in the middle box body or the ash hopper, the high-temperature dust-laden flue gas entering the dust collector is initially separated and settled. Uniformly distributed airflow holes are opened on the straight section pipe wall of the lower part of the dust-laden flue gas primary cyclone separation / airflow equalization device;

[0053] A dust ash pneumatic conveying sender device is provided at the lower part of the ash hopper;

[0054] A honeycomb-shaped high-temperature phase-change heat storage device is provided in the middle box below the partition. The high-temperature phase-change heat storage device has a cavity, and a ceramic filter tube is provided in each cavity. Each ceramic filter tube has an open upper end and a sealed lower end. The ceramic filter tube has micropores on its wall, and the upper end of the ceramic filter tube is sealed and fixed to the partition.

[0055] The upper box body is provided with a spray cleaning device, and the spray cleaning device is provided with a plurality of nozzles, and the nozzles correspond to the ceramic filter tubes respectively;

[0056] The bottom of the ash hopper is provided with a compressed nitrogen blowing device for fluidization / flame retardation / explosion prevention controlled by an air source valve;

[0057] The middle box, the ash hopper, and the intersection vortex area of ​​the dust-laden flue gas primary cyclone separation / airflow equalization device are provided with a flame retardant / explosion-proof compressed nitrogen blowing device.

[0058] As high-temperature flue gas passes through the pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust collector equipped with a high-temperature phase-change heat storage device for filtration and purification, the high-temperature flue gas heat is absorbed by the high-temperature phase-change heat storage material during phase change, and this occurs within the set high-temperature range (i.e., 750-850°C). When the flue gas temperature after passing through the pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust collector equipped with a high-temperature phase-change heat storage device falls below the set high-temperature range (i.e., 750-850°C), the high-temperature phase-change heat storage material releases heat during phase change, ensuring that the temperature inside the pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust collector equipped with a high-temperature phase-change heat storage device remains constant within the set high-temperature range (i.e., 750-850°C). This avoids the effects of alternating thermal stress on the ceramic filter tubes of the pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust collector, effectively extending the service life of the ceramic filter tubes, minimizing the workload of daily maintenance and repair, and ensuring stable and reliable production in converter steelmaking and electric furnace steelmaking.

[0059] The device recovers waste heat from high-temperature flue gas through independently arranged heat pipes, membrane water-cooled walls and other heat exchange devices, while also cooling the high-temperature flue gas and performing initial sedimentation and separation of dust in the flue gas.

[0060] The explosion venting and escaped flue gas temperature control / flame arrester is designed to ensure the safe, stable, and reliable operation of the pulse-jet bag / cartridge dust collector located behind the explosion venting and escaped flue gas capture and treatment system. It isolates ignition sources from the flue gas, eliminating one of the three elements of a combustible gas explosion (ignition sources of sufficient energy), thereby fundamentally preventing explosions. The flue gas temperature control / flame arrester is also equipped with an explosion venting device to ensure that even if an explosion occurs, it will not damage the system equipment or cause losses, ensuring a safe and efficient project.

[0061] In addition, the explosion venting flue gas temperature control / flame arrester uses forced water cooling to cool the flue gas. Softened water is used to cool the flue gas. After being heated to a certain degree, the softened water is used as water supply for the evaporator of the waste heat recovery device, thereby realizing the full recovery of the waste heat of the converter's primary flue gas.

[0062] The multi-stage flue gas waste heat recovery device, utilizing a reinforced finned heat exchange tube structure, ensures the required temperature for clean dry gas recovery, maximizing waste heat absorption from the flue gas. It uses forced water cooling to cool the flue gas. This softened water, after being heated to a certain degree, is then used to supply the evaporator in the waste heat recovery device, thereby fully recovering waste heat from the converter's primary flue gas.

[0063] The flare waste heat recovery device using an enhanced fin heat exchange tube structure adopts forced water cooling to achieve effective recovery of the heat released by the flue gas torch, and uses softened water, which is heated to a certain degree and used as water supply for the evaporator of the waste heat recovery device, thereby achieving full recovery of the primary flue gas waste heat of the converter.

[0064] The explosion venting smoke escaping flue gas capture and treatment system includes a spring self-resetting explosion venting device that can prevent the explosion venting smoke from escaping, a smoke duct of the explosion venting smoke escaping smoke capture and treatment system, a jet draft device of the explosion venting smoke escaping smoke capture and treatment system, and an explosion venting smoke escaping flue gas temperature regulator / flame arrester. The main function is to effectively capture the smoke escaping at the moment of explosion venting, and to cool it down, flame retardant it, and explosion-proof it, and then send it into an explosion-proof, medium-temperature-resistant or high-temperature-resistant filter material ultra-low emission pulse jet filter bag / filter cartridge dust collector for purification and filtration before being discharged together with the mainstream flue gas of the system.

[0065] The spring self-resetting explosion relief device capable of preventing the explosion-relief smoke from escaping comprises an escaping smoke collection cover shell and a spring self-resetting valve plate assembly, wherein:

[0066] The upper part of the outer shell of the smoke collecting hood is provided with a smoke outlet, which is connected to the smoke pipe of the explosion venting smoke collecting and processing system.

[0067] The spring self-resetting valve plate assembly includes a valve plate, a valve plate guide rod, a self-resetting spring group, and a self-resetting spring group fixing frame, wherein:

[0068] The spring self-resetting valve plate assembly is fixed to the lower part of the inner cavity of the leakage collection shell through the valve plate guide rod; a valve plate guide rod and a self-resetting spring assembly fixing bracket are provided on the upper part of the valve plate guide rod, and the self-resetting spring assembly is fixed on the valve plate guide rod and the self-resetting spring assembly fixing bracket. The self-resetting spring assembly applies downward and balanced pressure to the valve plate.

[0069] The lower part of the valve plate is provided with an explosion venting smoke inlet.

[0070] The valve plate of the spring self-resetting valve plate assembly is sealed with the flange surface on the inner side of the lower part of the shell body of the external smoke collection hood through a sealing ring.

[0071] The steam-water system for full waste heat recovery of primary flue gas includes a movable smoke hood and hood skirt, a vaporization cooling flue, a membrane water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with independently replaceable heat pipes, a high-pressure steam drum, and a low-pressure steam drum, wherein:

[0072] The high-pressure steam drum, the downcomer, the upper heat pipe evaporator of the membrane-type water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with independently replaceable heat pipes, the upper membrane-type water-cooled wall evaporator of the membrane-type water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with independently replaceable heat pipes, and the riser constitute a high-pressure evaporator system;

[0073] The water in the high-pressure drum enters the evaporator of the vaporization cooling flue through the downcomer, absorbs the heat of the flue gas to form a steam-water mixture, and enters the high-pressure drum through the riser. After being separated by the steam-water separator in the high-pressure drum, the steam is transported from the high-pressure drum to the heat accumulator;

[0074] The heat pipe evaporator in the middle of the membrane water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with independently replaceable heat pipes constitutes an economizer, which heats the water coming out of the water distribution header to 170°C and then sends it to the high-pressure steam drum;

[0075] The low-pressure steam drum, the downcomer, the lower heat pipe evaporator of the membrane-type water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with independently replaceable heat pipes, the lower membrane-type water-cooled wall evaporator of the membrane-type water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with independently replaceable heat pipes, and the riser constitute a low-pressure evaporator system;

[0076] The water in the low-pressure drum enters each evaporator through the downcomer, absorbs the heat of the flue gas to form a steam-water mixture, and enters the low-pressure drum through the riser to generate low-pressure saturated steam which is transported to the deaerator and used as boiler feed water for heating and deoxygenation.

[0077] The steam-water system for full waste heat recovery of primary flue gas also includes a water preheating device for the waste heat boiler.

[0078] The membrane-type water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with independently replaceable heat pipes comprises an upper box, multiple waste heat recovery sections, an intermediate transition section, and an ash hopper, wherein the upper box is located above the waste heat recovery section, the intermediate transition section is located between adjacent waste heat recovery sections, and the ash hopper is located at the end of the waste heat recovery section.

[0079] The upper box body is provided with a high-temperature flue gas inlet, the shell of the waste heat recovery section is a membrane water-cooled wall, and a separately replaceable heat pipe inserted from the outside is provided on the membrane water-cooled wall of the waste heat recovery section. The heating surface of the separately replaceable heat pipe is covered with a heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating.

[0080] The membrane-type water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device (i.e., waste heat boiler) with individually replaceable heat pipes is designed to address the characteristics of converter gas by providing individually replaceable heat pipes and a membrane-type water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device. It utilizes a convection heat exchange surface to address a series of issues such as preventing local gas accumulation and explosion, as well as dust accumulation, abrasion, dust cleaning, and heat exchange.

[0081] Based on the problems existing in the above-mentioned several existing converter primary dust removal processes, in order to achieve safe, stable and reliable operation of the converter primary dust removal system, efficient recovery of all waste heat, stable recovery of clean dry coal gas, stable ultra-low emission of flue gas, saving a large amount of water and steam consumption, and completely eliminating smoke and rain and corrosion problems of the gas recovery system, the present invention adopts a pure dry dust removal process, that is, in the entire treatment process of converter primary flue gas cooling, dust removal and purification, clean dry coal gas recovery and flue gas release, the evaporative cooler (EC) used in the existing dry dust removal system and semi-dry dust removal system is eliminated and replaced by an effective waste heat recovery device. There is no need to directly spray water and steam into the high-temperature flue gas to cool the high-temperature flue gas by utilizing the evaporation heat absorption of water and the latent heat of steam. This fundamentally changes the "wet method" nature of the existing converter primary dust removal OG method, new OG method, semi-dry method, and dry method (LT method) and other dust removal processes. It is a true dry dust removal method with significant significance in terms of energy saving and environmental protection. This can not only effectively reduce the flue gas temperature, but also maximize the recovery of sensible heat in the converter primary flue gas.

[0082] The operating method of the system of the present invention:

[0083] 1. During oxygen-blown smelting, high-temperature flue gas generated by the converter's oxygen-blown smelting process is drawn by axial flow fan 28 through the vaporization cooling flue, the high-temperature flue gas duct, the high-temperature constant-temperature pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device, the membrane-type water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with individually replaceable heat pipes, the flue gas duct, and the multi-stage combined flue gas waste heat recovery device with a reinforced fin heat exchange tube structure. During this process, the high-temperature flue gas is cooled, waste heat is recovered, and ultra-finely purified and filtered. Simultaneously, the high-temperature constant-temperature pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device stores heat.

[0084] The flue gas from the front and back sections of oxygen blowing smelting will be switched through the gas recovery / flue gas release switching valve and released into the atmosphere through the release chimney, the release gas torch, and the torch waste heat recovery device with enhanced fin heat exchange tube structure.

[0085] The clean dry gas in the middle stage of oxygen blowing smelting will be switched through the gas recovery / flue gas release switching valve and collected into the "gas cabinet" through the gas recovery pipeline.

[0086] 2. During non-oxygen smelting operations, when the converter is not performing oxygen smelting, the high-temperature flue gas generated by oxygen blowing in the converter, drawn by the axial flow fan, passes through a vaporization cooling flue, a high-temperature flue gas duct, a high-temperature constant-temperature pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal unit, a membrane-type water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery unit with individually replaceable heat pipes, flue gas ducts, and a multi-stage combined flue gas waste heat recovery unit with a reinforced finned heat exchange tube structure. During this period, the flue gas is cooled, waste heat is recovered, and ultra-finely purified and filtered. Simultaneously, the high-temperature pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal unit with a built-in high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator releases heat. The treated flue gas is then switched between a gas recovery / flue gas release valve and released into the atmosphere through a release chimney, a gas flare, and a flare waste heat recovery unit with a reinforced finned heat exchange tube structure.

[0087] 3. Waste heat recovery

[0088] The system effectively recovers all waste heat from flue gas under both oxygen-blowing and non-oxygen-blowing converter working conditions through the vaporization cooling flue, a membrane water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with individually replaceable heat pipes, a multi-stage combined flue gas waste heat recovery device with an enhanced finned heat exchange tube structure, an explosion-proof and overflowing flue gas temperature regulator / flame arrester, a torch waste heat recovery device with an enhanced finned heat exchange tube structure, and a waste heat recovery steam-water system.

[0089] 4. Effective treatment of the overflow smoke and dust generated when the explosion relief valve is venting

[0090] The spring self-resetting explosion relief device installed in the system to prevent the escape of explosion smoke and dust will automatically vent the explosion under abnormal conditions. The resulting overflowing smoke and dust will be processed through the smoke duct of the explosion venting overflow smoke capture and treatment system, the explosion venting overflow smoke temperature regulator / flame arrester, and the explosion venting overflow smoke capture and treatment system jet draft device, and then introduced into the explosion-proof medium-temperature or high-temperature resistant filter material ultra-low emission pulse jet filter bag / cartridge dust collector for purification and filtration. Example

[0091] like Figure 1 As shown, in the oxygen blowing smelting working state, when the converter 1 is carrying out oxygen blowing smelting, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the oxygen blowing of the converter is sucked by the axial flow fan and passes through the vaporization cooling flue 3, the high-temperature flue gas pipeline, the high-temperature constant temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube type dust removal device 12, the membrane type water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device 5 with separately replaceable heat pipes, the flue gas pipeline and the multi-stage combined flue gas waste heat recovery device with an enhanced fin heat exchange tube structure. During this period, the high-temperature flue gas is cooled / waste heat recovered and ultra-finely purified and filtered. At the same time, the high-temperature constant temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube type dust removal device is used to store heat.

[0092] like Figure 2As shown, the high-temperature constant-temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device includes a circular shell 2-11 and an ash hopper 2-4, wherein the shell 2-11 includes a middle box body 2-21 and an upper box body 2-19 located above the middle box body 2-21 and separated by a partition 2-20; the ash hopper 2-4 is located below the middle box body; the upper box body is provided with a clean high-temperature flue gas outlet 2-18; the middle box body 2-21 or the ash hopper 2-4 is provided with a dust-laden high-temperature flue gas inlet 2-5; the dust-laden high-temperature flue gas inlet 2-5 is connected along the tangent direction of the circular shell, and together with the dust-laden flue gas primary cyclone separation / airflow equalization device 2-22 provided in the middle box body or the ash hopper, the high-temperature dust-laden flue gas entering the dust collector is initially separated and settled; The straight section of the lower pipe wall of the dust-laden flue gas primary cyclone separation / airflow equalization device 2-22 is provided with uniformly distributed airflow holes (∮20-30mm holes), and the opening rate is 40-50%; the lower part of the ash hopper is provided with a dust removal ash pneumatic conveying transmitter 2-2; a "square cavity" or "circular cavity" "honeycomb shape" high-temperature phase change heat storage device 2-10 is provided under the flower plate in the middle box body; a ceramic filter tube 2-12 is provided in each "square cavity" or "circular cavity" of the "honeycomb shape" of the high-temperature phase change heat storage device; the upper end of each ceramic filter tube is open and the lower end is sealed; the tube wall of the ceramic filter tube has countless micropores for fine filtration; the upper end of the ceramic filter tube is sealed and fixed on the flower plate.

[0093] The membrane water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device 5 with independently replaceable heat pipes recovers waste heat. It forms a high-pressure evaporator system with the high-pressure steam drum and a low-pressure evaporator system with the low-pressure steam drum.

[0094] The high-pressure evaporator system consists of a high-pressure steam drum, a downcomer, the upper heat pipe evaporator of the membrane-type water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery unit 5 with individually replaceable heat pipes, the upper membrane-type water-cooled wall evaporator of the membrane-type water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery unit 5 with individually replaceable heat pipes, and a riser. Its primary function is to generate 1.8 MPa saturated steam. Water in the high-pressure steam drum enters the vaporization cooling flue evaporator through the downcomer, absorbs heat from the flue gas, and forms a steam-water mixture. The mixture then enters the high-pressure steam drum through the riser. After separation in the steam-water separator within the high-pressure steam drum, the steam is transferred from the high-pressure steam drum to the heat accumulator. The primary function of the high-pressure evaporator system is to generate 1.8 MPa saturated steam. The heat pipe evaporator in the middle of the membrane-type water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery unit 5 with individually replaceable heat pipes forms an economizer, heating water from the water distribution tank to 170°C before transferring it to the high-pressure steam drum.

[0095] The low-pressure steam drum, downcomer, lower heat pipe evaporator of the membrane-type water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device 5 with individually replaceable heat pipes, and riser comprise the low-pressure evaporator system. The primary function of this low-pressure evaporation system is to generate 0.4 MPa saturated steam. Water from the low-pressure steam drum enters each evaporator via the downcomer, absorbs heat from the flue gas, and forms a steam-water mixture. The mixture then enters the low-pressure steam drum via the riser. The resulting low-pressure saturated steam is then transported to the deaerator for heating and deoxygenating boiler feedwater.

[0096] like Figure 3 As shown, the membrane water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with independently replaceable heat pipes includes a round-square variable diameter high-temperature flue gas upper box 5-1, a multi-section square waste heat recovery section 5-2, an intermediate transition section 5-3, and an ash hopper 5-4, wherein the upper box 5-1 is located above the waste heat recovery section 5-2; the intermediate transition section 5-3 is located between adjacent waste heat recovery sections 5-2,

[0097] The upper box body 5-1 is provided with a high-temperature flue gas inlet 5-7, and the upper box body 5-1 and each intermediate transition section 5-3 are respectively provided with an inspection hole door 5-8, and a gas shock wave soot blowing device 5-5 is provided on the inspection hole door 5-8 for spraying and cleaning the heat pipe; the shell of the waste heat recovery section 5-2 adopts a membrane water-cooled wall 5-6; the membrane water-cooled wall of the waste heat recovery section 5-2 is provided with a heat pipe 5-9 that can be inserted from the outside and can be replaced separately; the heating surface of the heat pipe 5-9 can be sprayed with a layer of heat-resistant, wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant special alloy coating by supersonic arc spraying. The heat pipe 5-9 that can be inserted from the outside and can be replaced separately is fixed to the insertion sleeve installed on the membrane water-cooled wall 5-6 of the waste heat recovery section 5-2 by fastening screws and washers through the flange welded on the heat pipe and the ceramic fiber bushing;

[0098] The ash hopper 5-4 is located at the end of the waste heat recovery section, and a cooled flue gas outlet 5-11 is provided on the side of the ash hopper 5-4 corresponding to the inlet of the waste heat recovery section 5-2; a set of blocking baffles 5-10 are provided in the ash hopper 5-4 and between the last section inlet of the waste heat recovery section 5-2 and the cooled flue gas outlet 5-11, for effectively settling and filtering dust particles in the flue gas; a dust removal ash pneumatic conveying transmitter 5-13 is provided at the lower part of the ash hopper; each section of the waste heat recovery 5-2 is provided with a flame retardant / explosion-proof compressed nitrogen blowing device; the bottom 5-4 of the ash hopper is provided with a compressed nitrogen blowing device 5-12 for fluidization, flame retardancy and explosion protection.

[0099] like Figure 4As shown, a spring self-resetting explosion relief device for preventing explosion-proof smoke from escaping comprises an explosion-proof smoke collection cover shell 4-6 and a spring self-resetting valve plate assembly, wherein the shell comprises an escaped smoke outlet 4-14 provided on the upper part of the explosion-proof smoke collection cover shell, the escaped smoke outlet 4-14 is connected to the smoke pipe 4-2 of the explosion-proof smoke collection and treatment system; an explosion-proof smoke inlet 4-15 is provided on the lower part of the explosion-proof smoke collection shell 4-6 (i.e., the lower part of the valve plate of the spring self-resetting valve plate assembly); the spring self-resetting valve plate assembly is fixed to the explosion-proof smoke collection cover through the valve plate guide rod 4-9. The lower part of the inner cavity of the collecting shell 4-6; the spring self-resetting valve plate assembly valve plate 4-10 is sealed with the inner flange surface of the lower part of the shell through a sealing ring; the spring self-resetting valve plate assembly is provided with a valve plate guide rod and a self-resetting spring group fixing bracket 4-8 on the upper part of the valve plate guide rod 4-9; the self-resetting spring group 4-7 is fixed on the valve plate guide rod and the self-resetting spring group fixing bracket 4-8, and the self-resetting spring group 4-7 applies uniform pressure downward to the valve plate; the spring self-resetting explosion relief device that can prevent the explosion smoke from escaping is connected and fixed to the explosion relief port flange of the process device through its lower flange by a fastener group. The above description is only an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various changes and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A converter pure dry dust removal system integrating high temperature constant temperature filtration purification and waste heat recovery, characterized in that: The converter pure dry dust removal system includes: vaporization cooling flue, high temperature constant temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device, waste heat recovery system, explosion venting and escaped flue gas capture and treatment system, wherein, The high-temperature flue gas generated by the oxygen blowing of the converter passes through the vaporization cooling flue, the high-temperature flue gas pipeline, the high-temperature constant-temperature pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device, and the waste heat recovery system to cool the high-temperature flue gas for heat recovery. The high-temperature pulse-jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device with a built-in high-temperature phase-change heat accumulator releases or stores heat. The high-temperature constant-temperature pulse jet ceramic filter tube dust removal device includes a shell A and an ash hopper A, wherein the shell A includes an upper box body A and a middle box body A from top to bottom, the upper box body A and the middle box body A are separated by a partition, and the ash hopper A is located below the middle box body A; The upper box body A is provided with a clean high-temperature flue gas outlet, the middle box body A or the ash hopper A is provided with a dust-laden high-temperature flue gas inlet A, and the dust-laden high-temperature flue gas inlet A is provided with a dust-laden flue gas primary cyclone separation and airflow equalization device. The dust-laden high-temperature flue gas inlet A is connected along the tangent direction of the circular shell, and together with the dust-laden flue gas primary cyclone separation and airflow equalization device provided in the middle box body A or the ash hopper A, the high-temperature dust-laden flue gas entering the dust collector is initially separated and settled. Uniformly distributed airflow holes are opened on the straight section pipe wall of the lower part of the dust-laden flue gas primary cyclone separation and airflow equalization device; A dust ash pneumatic conveying device is provided at the lower part of the ash hopper A; A honeycomb-shaped high-temperature phase-change heat storage device is provided below the partition in the middle box A. The high-temperature phase-change heat storage device has a cavity, and a ceramic filter tube is provided in each cavity. Each ceramic filter tube has an open upper end and a sealed lower end. The ceramic filter tube has micropores on its wall, and the upper end of the ceramic filter tube is sealed and fixed to the partition. The upper box body A is provided with a spray cleaning device, and the spray cleaning device is provided with a plurality of nozzles, and the nozzles correspond to the ceramic filter tubes respectively; The bottom of the ash hopper A is provided with a compressed nitrogen blowing device controlled by an air source valve for fluidization, flame retardancy and explosion prevention; The middle box A, the ash hopper A, and the intersection vortex area of ​​the dust-laden flue gas primary cyclone separation and airflow equalization device are provided with a flame retardant and explosion-proof compressed nitrogen blowing device; The waste heat recovery system includes a movable smoke hood and a hood skirt, a membrane water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with individually replaceable heat pipes, a high-pressure steam drum, and a low-pressure steam drum, wherein the membrane water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with individually replaceable heat pipes includes an upper box body B, multiple waste heat recovery sections, an intermediate transition section, and an ash hopper B, wherein the upper box body B is located above the waste heat recovery section, the intermediate transition section is located between adjacent waste heat recovery sections, the ash hopper B is located at the end of the waste heat recovery section, the upper box body B is provided with a high-temperature flue gas inlet B, the shell of the waste heat recovery section is a membrane water-cooled wall, and a separately replaceable heat pipe inserted from the outside is provided on the membrane water-cooled wall of the waste heat recovery section, and the heating surface of the separately replaceable heat pipe is covered with a heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating, in, The high-pressure steam drum, the downcomer, the upper heat pipe evaporator of the membrane-type water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with independently replaceable heat pipes, the upper membrane-type water-cooled wall evaporator of the membrane-type water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with independently replaceable heat pipes, and the riser constitute a high-pressure evaporator system; The water in the high-pressure drum enters the evaporator of the vaporization cooling flue through the downcomer, absorbs the heat of the flue gas to form a steam-water mixture, and enters the high-pressure drum through the riser. After being separated by the steam-water separator in the high-pressure drum, the steam is transported from the high-pressure drum to the heat accumulator; The heat pipe evaporator in the middle of the membrane water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with independently replaceable heat pipes constitutes an economizer, which heats the water coming out of the water distribution header and then sends it to the high-pressure steam drum; The low-pressure steam drum, the downcomer, the lower heat pipe evaporator of the membrane-type water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with independently replaceable heat pipes, the lower membrane-type water-cooled wall evaporator of the membrane-type water-cooled wall combined waste heat recovery device with independently replaceable heat pipes, and the riser constitute a low-pressure evaporator system; The water in the low-pressure drum enters each evaporator through the downcomer, absorbs the heat of the flue gas to form a steam-water mixture, and enters the low-pressure drum through the riser to generate low-pressure saturated steam which is transported to the deaerator.

2. The converter pure dry dust removal system integrating high-temperature constant-temperature filtration and purification and waste heat recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system further includes a water preheating device for the waste heat boiler.

3. The converter pure dry dust removal system integrating high-temperature constant-temperature filtration and purification and waste heat recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The waste heat recovery system includes a waste heat boiler water preheating device, which includes a torch waste heat recovery device with an enhanced fin heat exchange tube structure, a multi-stage finned flue gas water cooler, a flue gas temperature regulator and a flame arrester.

4. The converter pure dry dust removal system integrating high-temperature constant-temperature filtration and purification and waste heat recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The explosion venting smoke collection and treatment system includes a spring self-resetting explosion venting device that can prevent the explosion venting smoke from escaping. The spring self-resetting explosion venting device that can prevent the explosion venting smoke from escaping includes an escaped smoke collection cover shell and a spring self-resetting valve plate assembly, wherein: The upper part of the outer shell of the smoke collecting hood is provided with a smoke outlet, which is connected to the smoke pipe of the explosion venting smoke collecting and processing system. The spring self-resetting valve plate assembly includes a valve plate, a valve plate guide rod, a self-resetting spring group, and a self-resetting spring group fixing frame, wherein: The spring self-resetting valve plate assembly is fixed to the lower part of the inner cavity of the outer smoke collection cover shell through the valve plate guide rod; a valve plate guide rod and a self-resetting spring assembly fixing bracket are provided on the upper part of the valve plate guide rod, and the self-resetting spring assembly is fixed on the valve plate guide rod and the self-resetting spring assembly fixing bracket. The self-resetting spring assembly applies downward and balanced pressure to the valve plate. The lower part of the valve plate is provided with an explosion venting smoke inlet. The valve plate of the spring self-resetting valve plate assembly is sealed with the flange surface on the inner side of the lower part of the shell body of the external smoke collection hood through a sealing ring.

5. The converter pure dry dust removal system integrating high temperature constant temperature filtration purification and waste heat recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The explosion venting smoke escaping capture and treatment system includes a spring self-resetting explosion venting device that can prevent the explosion venting smoke from escaping, a jet draft device of the explosion venting smoke escaping capture and treatment system, and an explosion venting smoke escaping temperature regulating flame arrester.

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