A newborn expectoration treatment head, treatment box and treatment bed

Abstract

The present invention provides a newborn sputum removal treatment head, treatment box and treatment bed, which relate to the technical field of newborn medical equipment. The treatment head comprises a shell with one end closed by a convex soft rubber layer, a vibration motor is arranged in the shell near the soft rubber layer, the end of the vibration motor away from the soft rubber layer is fixed on the telescopic cylinder, a damping winding wheel is arranged on the vibration motor, a traction rope with one end fixed on the soft rubber layer is wound around the damping winding wheel, a rack meshing with the damping winding wheel is arranged in the middle and rear section of the shortening direction of the telescopic cylinder; the shell is connected to the knocking mechanism. The treatment box comprises a chain transmission mechanism for driving the above-mentioned treatment head to move in the entire thorax, and the treatment bed comprises the above-mentioned treatment box being adjustable and arranged on one side of the bed board, a bed rail is arranged on the other side of the bed board, and a buttocks guard plate opposite to the bed rail is installed on the box body. The problem that the force and frequency of expectoration for newborns in existing clinical practice are difficult to control and the operator is easily fatigued, resulting in poor expectoration effect is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of neonatal medical equipment, in particular to a neonatal expectoration treatment head, a treatment box and a treatment bed. Background Art

[0002] Newborns are prone to lung infection due to their incomplete respiratory system development and poor immune function. Therefore, neonatal lung infection is one of the most common clinical diseases. Infected patients may have symptoms such as shortness of breath, cyanosis, nasal fanning, three-recess sign, cough, and choking when drinking. Auscultation may reveal moist rales and decreased breath sounds. Chest X-ray examination may reveal diffuse hazy shadows in both lungs. Severe pneumonia may lead to respiratory failure, heart failure, shock, DIC, etc., and may even endanger the life of the child. In the treatment of such children, in addition to drug treatment, maintaining airway patency is the most important nursing measure for children with lung infection. The most critical nursing intervention measure in airway care is to expel phlegm in the lungs in a timely manner to avoid airway obstruction caused by weak cough reflex and difficulty in expelling airway secretions, which affects ventilation and gas exchange functions and aggravates the condition.

[0003] Clinically, expectoration is usually performed by hand-on-back method, resuscitation bag-mask method or vibrating expectoration machine. All three methods are not suitable for newborns, especially extremely low / very low birth weight infants, and the expectoration effect is often unsatisfactory. There is no expectoration machine specifically for newborns, especially extremely low / very low birth weight infants, on the market.

[0004] 1. Problems with back-buttoning

[0005] (1) Because newborns are small in weight, their chest and back areas are small, while adults have large palms. The palm and back areas are seriously disproportionate, especially for small premature infants weighing less than 1500g, so the expectoration effect is poor.

[0006] (2) The technique of manual back tapping is to use the palm of the hand to tap the child's back using the strength of the wrist. However, the frequency of tapping is difficult to control. Even professional medical personnel have poor control over it. It is easy to cause pain due to uneven force and difficulty in controlling the strength.

[0007] 2. Problems with the bag-mask resuscitation method

[0008] Masks are divided into masks for full-term babies and masks for premature babies. Although the size is more suitable for newborns than the palm, the force and frequency of tapping are also determined by the experience of medical staff. If the time exceeds 2 minutes, the operator is prone to fatigue and the expectoration effect is also poor.

[0009] 3. Problems with vibrating sputum removal machines

[0010] (1) Most mechanical expectorants sold on the market are designed for adults and minors. The front treatment head is generally larger for newborns and even larger for very low birth weight infants.

[0011] (2) The handle at the connection of the treatment head is too long, which is not convenient for operation in the incubator.

[0012] (3) Most of them adopt floor-standing trolleys, which occupy too much space and are not conducive to bedside operations.

[0013] (4) It needs to be plugged in during operation and is not very portable. Summary of the invention

[0014] In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a neonatal expectoration treatment head, a treatment box and a treatment bed, which solve the problems in existing clinical practice that the force and frequency of expectoration for neonates are difficult to control and the operator is easily fatigued, resulting in poor expectoration effect.

[0015] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0016] Provided is a newborn expectoration treatment head, comprising an outer shell, one end of which is closed by an outwardly convex soft rubber layer, a vibration motor is arranged in the outer shell adjacent to the soft rubber layer, one end of the vibration motor away from the soft rubber layer is fixed on a telescopic cylinder, a damping winding wheel is arranged on the vibration motor, a traction rope with one end fixed on the soft rubber layer is wound around the damping winding wheel, a rack meshing with the damping winding wheel is arranged in the middle and rear section of the shortening direction of the telescopic cylinder; the outer shell is connected to a knocking mechanism.

[0017] A neonatal sputum removal treatment box includes a chain transmission mechanism that drives the above-mentioned neonatal sputum removal treatment head to move throughout the thorax. The chain transmission mechanism is arranged in a box body, and a baffle is detachably installed on the box body. A path hole is penetrated on the baffle plate for one end of the shell to extend out with a soft rubber layer. The second motor, vibration motor, first motor and telescopic cylinder of the chain transmission mechanism are connected to a controller, and the action sequence and action time of the four are controlled by the controller.

[0018] A neonatal expectoration treatment bed comprises the above-mentioned neonatal expectoration treatment box, wherein the box body is adjustably arranged on one side of the bed board, a bed rail is arranged on the other side of the bed board, and a buttocks guard plate opposite to the bed rail is installed on the box body.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. The neonatal expectoration treatment head in this scheme is attached to the thorax of the neonate's back. The vibration motor generates vibration to loosen and liquefy the mucus and metabolites on the surface of the infant's lungs and respiratory mucosa, so that the sputum can be sucked away through intubation and suction to keep the respiratory tract open.

[0021] 2. The expectoration treatment head in this scheme can perform two modes: vibration and tapping. In the vibration mode, the soft rubber layer is convex and the vibration motor is close to the soft rubber layer; in the tapping mode, the vibration motor is turned off, and the telescopic cylinder is started to retract to move the vibration motor to the rear end of the shell to prevent the vibration motor from interfering with the tapping. During the movement of the vibration motor, the traction rope will be pulled to pull the soft rubber layer from a convex state to a concave state, so that an arc-shaped air cavity can be formed between the soft rubber layer and the child's body, and then the shell is driven by the tapping mechanism to gently hit the child's back to complete the tapping action.

[0022] 3. In order to ensure the pulling force of the traction rope on the soft rubber layer, the winding wheel cannot be pulled by the traction rope, so a damping mechanism is set on the winding wheel. When the soft rubber layer is pulled into a concave state, the winding wheel meshes with the rack. Under the continued retraction of the telescopic cylinder, the rack pushes the winding wheel to overcome the damping and rotate to lengthen the traction rope, so that the traction rope loses tension, ensuring the softness of the soft rubber layer and no longer being stretched; when vibration is needed again, the telescopic cylinder extends and pushes the vibration motor toward the soft rubber layer. The winding wheel rotates in the opposite direction under the push of the rack to tighten the traction rope and push the soft rubber layer from the concave state to the convex state. Through the setting of the damping winding wheel and the rack, the end of the expectoration treatment head that contacts the child can be easily switched between the vibration and percussion modes. The design is ingenious and the structure is simple and reliable.

[0023] 4. The neonatal expectoration treatment box in this scheme installs the above-mentioned expectoration treatment head on the chain transmission mechanism, which can vibrate and tap on the entire thorax driven by the chain transmission mechanism. The whole process is automated through the controller, which can reduce the workload of medical staff, while also ensuring the intensity and frequency of expectoration and improving the expectoration effect.

[0024] 5. The neonatal expectoration treatment bed in this scheme allows the neonate to lie on the bed board. Through the support and positioning of the bed rails and the hip guard, the neonate who cannot control the body position can be fixed in a side-lying position to expose the back for easy treatment. At the same time, the relative position between the neonatal expectoration treatment box and the neonate can also be fixed to ensure the treatment effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the neonatal expectoration treatment head in vibration mode.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the head percussion mode for neonatal expectoration treatment.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination structure of the damping winding wheel and the rack.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the neonatal sputum drainage treatment bed.

[0029] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the distribution of chain transmission mechanism.

[0030] Among them, 1. shell; 2. soft rubber layer; 21. easy-to-break groove; 3. vibration motor; 4. telescopic cylinder; 5. damping winding wheel; 51. central axis; 52. sleeve; 53. gear; 54. arc-shaped convex strip; 55. arc-shaped groove; 6. traction rope; 7. knocking mechanism; 71. slide rod; 72. limit block; 73. first connecting rod; 74. second connecting rod; 75. base; 76. strip slide groove; 77. moving column; 78. third connecting rod; 79. first motor; 8. rack; 9. chain transmission mechanism; 91. second motor; 92. driving sprocket; 93. reversing sprocket; 94. transmission chain; 10. box; 101. baffle; 102. path hole; 11. bed board; 12. bed rail; 13. hip guard plate; 14. treatment area marking line; 15. headrest. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the neonatal expectoration treatment head includes a shell 1, one end of which is closed by a convex soft rubber layer 2, which is spherical after convex. The material of the soft rubber layer 2 is soft, elastic and safe, such as soft silicone. The diameter of the soft rubber layer 2 is 3cm to 5cm to match the body shape of the newborn and achieve a better expectoration effect.

[0033] A vibration motor 3 is provided in the housing 1 near the soft rubber layer 2. The end of the vibration motor 3 facing the soft rubber layer 2 is an outward convex spherical surface, so that the soft rubber layer 2 can fit the vibration motor 3 without hollows, so that the vibration of the vibration motor 3 can act on the child, improving the controllability of the vibration effect. A three-speed frequency regulator is provided on the vibration motor 3, namely, the first gear is 10HZ, the second gear is 15HZ and the third gear is 20HZ. After turning on, the first gear is the default. Pressing the gear adjustment key once is the second gear, and pressing the gear adjustment key twice is the third gear. The first gear is suitable for extremely low birth weight infants (weight <1000g), the second gear is suitable for extremely low birth weight infants (1000g≤weight <1500g), and the third gear is suitable for premature infants and full-term newborns weighing ≥1500g.

[0034] One end of the vibration motor 3 away from the soft rubber layer 2 is fixed to the telescopic cylinder 4, and a damping reel 5 is provided at the upper and lower ends of the vibration motor 3, respectively. Each damping reel 5 includes a central axis 51 and a sleeve 52 which is sleeved on the central axis 51. The central axis 51 is fixedly connected to the vibration motor 3. Gears 53 which can mesh with the rack 8 are fixed at both ends of the sleeve 52. The sleeve 52 between the two gears 53 is used to wind the traction rope 6. In order to prevent the tension of the traction rope 6 from pulling the sleeve 52 to rotate, a damping mechanism is provided on the damping reel 5, such as Figure 3 As shown, the force of the traction rope 6 cannot overcome the damping to allow the sleeve 52 to rotate. The damping mechanism includes an arc-shaped convex strip 54 integrally formed on the outer cylindrical surface of the central shaft 51. The arc-shaped convex strip 54 is radially outwardly convex and extends axially to form a boss with an arc-shaped cross section. The inner cylindrical surface of the sleeve 52 is processed with an arc-shaped groove 55 for the arc-shaped boss 54 to be embedded. The arc-shaped convex strip 54 and the outer cylindrical surface of the central shaft 51 have a smooth transition, so that the sleeve 52 can only be pushed to rotate when the rotational force on the sleeve 52 is large enough. This large enough force is pulled or pushed by the telescopic cylinder 4 to move the vibration motor 3, and the damping winding wheel 5 is fixed to the vibration motor 3 as a whole. When the gear 53 is meshed with the rack 8, the pulling force or thrust of the telescopic cylinder 4 is large enough to push the arc-shaped convex strip 54 out of the limit of the arc-shaped groove 55, so that the sleeve 52 can be rotated to lengthen or shorten the traction rope 6.

[0035] The two traction ropes 6 on the two damping winding wheels 5 at the upper and lower ends are fixed to the upper and lower parts of the soft rubber layer 2 respectively. In the vibration mode, the soft rubber layer 2 is convex, and the traction rope 6 is in a state of about to generate tension. When it is necessary to change the tapping mode, the telescopic cylinder 4 is controlled to contract to drive the vibration motor 3 to move backward. Under the action of the damping mechanism, the damping winding wheel 5 cannot rotate. The backward movement of the front section of the traction rope 6 causes the traction rope 6 to pull the soft rubber layer 2 inward. The soft rubber layer 2 is provided with an easy-to-break groove 21 at the end adjacent to the shell 1, making it easier to pull the soft rubber layer 2 from the convex state to the concave state, and the turning point is the easy-to-break groove 21. After the soft rubber layer 2 is concave, the gear 53 is just meshed with the rack 8. The sufficient rigidity between the meshing teeth is used to overcome the limiting effect of the damping mechanism to rotate the gear 53 by the pulling force of the telescopic cylinder 4, thereby lengthening the traction rope 6, so that the vibration motor 3 can continue to move backward to a position that does not interfere with the tapping process. The telescopic cylinder 4 is mounted on the rear plate of the housing 1 .

[0036] When the vibration motor 3 moves to a position where it does not affect the tapping process, the tapping mechanism 7 is started to drive the housing 1 to move left and right to tap the thoracic part of the back of the child. The tapping mechanism 7 includes a slide bar 71 fixed to the housing 1 and sliding left and right, the slide bar 71 is inserted into a limit block 72, and a through hole is horizontally opened on the limit block 72 for the slide bar 71 to pass through, the middle part of the slide bar 71 is pivotally connected to one end of the first connecting rod 73, the other end of the first connecting rod 73 is pivotally connected to one end of the second connecting rod 74, and the other end of the second connecting rod 74 is pivotally connected to the base 75, the base 75 is fixed, and the middle part of the second connecting rod 74 is processed with a strip groove 76 that penetrates along the thickness direction, the length of the strip groove 76 determines the distance that the slide bar 71 moves left and right, and a moving column 77 is slidably connected in the strip groove 76, and the moving column 77 is fixed to one end of the third connecting rod 78, and the other end of the third connecting rod 78 is connected to the first motor 79. The first motor 79 rotates, driving the third connecting rod 78 to rotate around the connection end with the first motor 79, pushing the second connecting rod 74 to swing through the movable column 77, and the second connecting rod 74 then drives the sliding rod 71 to slide left and right through the first connecting rod 73. Sliding to the left knocks on the child, and sliding to the right moves away from the child.

[0037] The length of the first connecting rod 73 is greater than that of the third connecting rod 78 and less than that of the second connecting rod 74 . The length of the second connecting rod 74 is 3 to 5 times that of the third connecting rod 78 .

[0038] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, a neonatal expectoration treatment box includes a chain transmission mechanism 9 that drives the above-mentioned neonatal expectoration treatment head to move throughout the thorax, and the chain transmission mechanism 9 is arranged in a box body 10. The chain transmission mechanism 9 includes a driving sprocket 92 and a second motor 91 that drives the driving sprocket 92 to rotate, and a plurality of reversing sprockets 93 distributed corresponding to the area of ​​the neonatal thorax, and a transmission chain 94 wound around the driving sprocket 92 and the plurality of reversing sprockets 93. The distribution of the reversing sprockets 93 can be as shown in the figure, and the transmission chain 94 can be made to cover the thorax as densely as possible without affecting the transmission according to the actual situation. The neonatal expectoration treatment head is connected to an integral shell so that it can be installed on the transmission chain 94.

[0039] A baffle 101 is detachably mounted on the box body 10, and a path hole 102 is penetrated through the baffle 101 for the shell 1 to be provided with a soft rubber layer 2 at one end thereof to extend out, so that the neonatal expectoration treatment head can act on the sick child. The baffle 101 can block dangerous mechanical structures such as the internal transmission mechanism to prevent the neonate from being injured by waving his hands and feet, thereby improving safety.

[0040] The second motor 91 of the chain transmission mechanism 9, the vibration motor 3, the first motor 79 and the telescopic cylinder 4 are connected to the controller and the action sequence and action time of the three are controlled by the controller. The controller preferably has a single-chip microcomputer of the stm32f103c8t6 model. The controller controls the action timing and action time of the second motor 91, the vibration motor 3, the telescopic cylinder 4 and the first motor 79 to achieve the following functions: when the treatment head moves a certain distance, the second motor 91 stops, and then the current chest position of the child is vibrated or tapped as needed, thereby correspondingly controlling the action of the vibration motor 3, the telescopic cylinder 4 and the first motor 79. Since the action of the motor, the motor and the cylinder is controlled by the single-chip microcomputer, the specific circuit connection and other required electrical components are not described here.

[0041] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, a neonatal expectoration treatment bed includes the above-mentioned neonatal expectoration treatment box, and the box body 10 is adjustable and arranged on one side of the bed board 11 through a slide rail. The slide rail is arranged to adjust the distance between the treatment head and the child to adapt to children of different body shapes. A bed rail 12 is fixed on the other side of the bed board 11, and a hip guard plate 13 opposite to the bed rail 12 is installed on the box body 10. The hip guard plate 13 and the bed rail 12 cooperate to fix the body position of the side-lying child to improve the treatment effect. A treatment area marking line 14 is set on the bed board 11 by pasting or drawing, so that medical staff can refer to it for position adjustment when placing the child on the bed board 11, so that the child's chest position is located in this area. A headrest 15 is set at one end of the bed board 11 to improve the comfort of the child. A device for soothing the child's emotions, such as a music player, can also be installed on the neonatal expectoration treatment bed.

Claims

1. A newborn sputum treatment head, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell (1), one end of the shell (1) being closed by an outwardly protruding soft rubber layer (2), a vibration motor (3) being arranged in the shell (1) adjacent to the soft rubber layer (2), one end of the vibration motor (3) being away from the soft rubber layer (2) being fixed to a telescopic cylinder (4), a damping winding wheel (5) being arranged on the vibration motor (3), a traction rope (6) having one end fixed to the soft rubber layer (2) being wound around the damping winding wheel (5), and a rack (8) meshing with the damping winding wheel (5) being arranged at the middle and rear section of the telescopic cylinder (4) in the shortening direction; the shell (1) being connected to a knocking mechanism (7); The damping winding wheel (5) comprises a central shaft (51) and a sleeve (52) sleeved on the central shaft (51); the central shaft (51) is fixedly connected to the vibration motor (3); gears (53) capable of meshing with the rack (8) are fixedly provided at both ends of the sleeve (52); an arcuate convex strip (54) is provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the central shaft (51); an arcuate groove (55) for the arcuate convex strip (54) to be embedded is provided on the inner cylindrical surface of the sleeve (52); the arcuate convex strip (54) and the outer cylindrical surface of the central shaft (51) are smoothly transitioned; The knocking mechanism (7) includes a sliding rod (71) fixed to the housing (1) and sliding left and right, the sliding rod (71) is inserted into a limit block (72), the middle part of the sliding rod (71) is pivotally connected to one end of a first connecting rod (73), the other end of the first connecting rod (73) is pivotally connected to one end of a second connecting rod (74), the other end of the second connecting rod (74) is pivotally connected to a base (75), a strip sliding groove (76) is provided in the middle part of the second connecting rod (74), a moving column (77) is slidably connected in the strip sliding groove (76), the moving column (77) is fixed to one end of a third connecting rod (78), and the other end of the third connecting rod (78) is connected to a first motor (79).

2. The neonatal expectoration treatment head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soft rubber layer (2) is provided with an easy-to-break groove (21) at the end portion adjacent to the shell (1).

3. The neonatal expectoration treatment head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the first connecting rod (73) is greater than that of the third connecting rod (78) and less than that of the second connecting rod (74); the length of the second connecting rod (74) is 3 to 5 times that of the third connecting rod (78).

4. The neonatal expectoration treatment head according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the vibration motor (3) facing the soft rubber layer (2) is an outwardly convex spherical surface.

5. The neonatal expectoration treatment head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration motor (3) is provided with a three-speed frequency modulator, namely, a first speed of 10 Hz, a second speed of 15 Hz and a third speed of 20 Hz.

6. A neonatal sputum treatment box, characterized in that: The invention comprises a chain transmission mechanism (9) for driving the neonatal expectoration treatment head as claimed in claim 1 to move throughout the thorax, wherein the chain transmission mechanism (9) is arranged in a box (10), a baffle (101) is detachably mounted on the box (10), and a path hole (102) is penetrated through the baffle (101) for allowing one end of the shell (1) provided with a soft rubber layer (2) to extend out, and the second motor (91), the vibration motor (3), the first motor (79) and the telescopic cylinder (4) of the chain transmission mechanism (9) are connected to a controller, and the action sequence and action time of the four are controlled by the controller.

7. A neonatal sputum treatment bed, characterized in that: The invention comprises the neonatal expectoration treatment box as claimed in claim 6, wherein the box body (10) is adjustably arranged on one side of a bed board (11), a bed rail (12) is arranged on the other side of the bed board (11), and a hip guard (13) opposite to the bed rail (12) is installed on the box body (10).

8. The neonatal sputum removal treatment bed according to claim 7, characterized in that: A treatment area marking line (14) is provided on the bed board (11), and a headrest (15) is provided at one end of the bed board (11).

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