Occlusal photography training instrument and method for obtaining orthodontic occlusal images using the training instrument

Abstract

A occlusal photography training device and a method for obtaining orthodontic occlusal images using the training device belong to the technical field of teaching oral orthodontic photography. The device includes a photography positioning frame, a simulated lip and cheek screen, an oral model, a photography retractor, an adjustable bracket, and a reflector. The oral model is fixed to the center of the bottom of the photography positioning frame. The rear end of the photography retractor is slidably connected to the two rear posts of the photography positioning frame. The bottom of the photography positioning frame is provided with an adjustable bracket. Photography reference marks are provided on the photography positioning frame, the oral model, and the photography retractor. The present invention, combined with a method for obtaining photographs or pictures, can easily explain the adjustment requirements of five dimensions involving the vertical position of the camera, the degree of tilt, the degree of pitch, the horizontal left and right position, and the degree of horizontal rotation. Students or junior doctors have very specific reference marks when practicing orthodontic photography, which can significantly shorten practice time and improve photography effects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of teaching oral orthodontic photography, and in particular relates to an occlusal photography training device and a method for obtaining orthodontic occlusal images using the training device. Background Art

[0002] After 100 years of development, orthodontics has become a relatively mature discipline with growing societal demand. While its treatment techniques, standards, and outcomes continue to improve, there is still room for improvement, advancement, and widespread adoption of oral and facial photography, occlusal photography methods, and training methods for orthodontic photography. Occlusion refers to the interlocking contact relationship between teeth and the upper and lower jaws. Occlusion, in terms of number, refers to the contact relationship between the upper and lower teeth, which may be 10, a dozen, or even the entire mouth.

[0003] Orthodontic occlusal photography can be used as a means of assisting diagnosis and formulating treatment plans before treatment, as a means of recording the treatment effects at each stage during treatment, as a means of recording and showing the final treatment effect and maintaining stability after treatment and during the maintenance period, as an important method for communication between doctors and patients, and between doctors and technicians, as material for efficacy analysis and research and orthodontic teaching, and as an important basis for determining medical disputes. Therefore, more and more orthodontists use oral occlusal photography as the main means of recording orthodontic clinical practice, and in the future, oral occlusal photography will inevitably become a routine recording technique used by the vast majority of orthodontists in clinical practice.

[0004] In addition, oral occlusal photography has been used by high-level orthodontists for decades as a major means of demonstrating treatment effects in journal papers, orthodontic case reports and orthodontic academic exchanges. More and more doctors at home and abroad have been increasingly involved in related research and exchanges on orthodontic clinical treatment, and there are more and more opportunities for case presentations. However, it is very common that the horizontal or vertical angles and shooting ranges of the photos are not ideal.

[0005] This is primarily due to a lack of photography methods and standards in current textbooks and professional books. Only a few scholars have briefly explained photography techniques in a few articles, without providing detailed explanations of the five key parameters for photography: camera position, tilt, pitch, horizontal phase position, and horizontal rotation. Orthodontic photography requires the proper adjustment of the five dimensions of the field of view, camera position, tilt, pitch, horizontal phase position, and horizontal rotation. Failure to meet these requirements in any of these five dimensions will result in a poorly-performed photograph. Beginners often lack understanding of the interplay of these factors, and adjusting one factor to the right state can alter many others. Therefore, junior orthodontists in clinical practice require months of hands-on instruction and practice before reaching a high level of proficiency. For interns new to clinical practice, orthodontic photography presents a significant challenge, often not fully mastered during undergraduate studies. Even if more detailed printed textbooks on 2D photography are developed in the future, they will be unable to fully describe the methods for properly adjusting these complex, three-dimensional, multi-variable parameters. Therefore, designing three-dimensional teaching aids and developing specialized tutorials are effective methods for improving orthodontic occlusal photography. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on the above technical background, the present invention proposes an occlusal photography training instrument and a method for obtaining orthodontic occlusal images using the training instrument. By setting up an oral occlusal photography training instrument that improves the orthodontic occlusal photography training effect, combined with the image acquisition method, the photography requirements involving the five dimensions of the camera's up and down position, tilt degree, pitch degree, horizontal phase left and right position, and horizontal rotation degree can be easily explained. Students or junior doctors have very specific reference marks when practicing orthodontic photography, which can significantly shorten the practice time and improve the shooting effect.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A occlusal photography training instrument includes a photography positioning frame, a simulated lip and cheek screen, an oral model, a photography retractor, an adjustable bracket, and a reflector. The photography positioning frame is a rectangular frame structure with a base plate at the bottom. The oral model is fixed to the center of the bottom of the photography positioning frame. The simulated lip and cheek screen surrounds the oral model. The photography retractor is arranged on the left and right sides of the oral model, and its rear end is slidably connected to the two rear columns of the photography positioning frame. The bottom of the photography positioning frame is provided with an adjustable bracket. Photography reference marks are provided on the photography positioning frame, the oral model, and the photography retractor.

[0009] Furthermore, the front part of the photographic retractor is an eight-shaped lateral retractor, the rear part is an arc-shaped lateral retractor, the end is a retractor handle, and the rear end of the retractor handle is provided with a slideway matching the rear column of the photographic positioning frame.

[0010] Furthermore, the adjustable bracket is provided with a universal rotation joint and a height telescopic joint.

[0011] The method for obtaining orthodontic occlusal photography images with the occlusal photography training instrument is as follows: first, adjust the camera lens to 10-20 cm from the oral model, adjust the five-dimensional posture of the camera and the height of the photographic retractor, and take photos of the occlusion at various angles. The orthodontic occlusal photography includes anteroposterior occlusal phase, lateral occlusal phase, maxillary occlusal phase, and mandibular occlusal phase. The method for obtaining the orthodontic occlusal anteroposterior occlusal phase is to move the camera up and down so that the four horizontal reference points on the occlusal plane are on a straight line in the viewfinder, and determine the vertical position of the camera; then adjust the center of the photographic retractor to coincide with the occlusal plane, and then move the camera clockwise or counterclockwise. Rotate the camera so that the occlusal plane is parallel to the upper and lower edges of the viewfinder to determine the degree of tilt of the camera; then tilt the camera forward or backward so that the occlusal plane is located in the upper and lower centers of the screen to determine the degree of pitch of the camera; then move the camera right or left so that the distances between the front and rear columns of the right and left reference frames are equal. At this time, the degree of exposure of the posterior teeth on both sides is the same to determine the horizontal left and right position of the camera; move the camera forward or backward to the left or right so that the dental image is in the left and right centers of the screen to determine the horizontal rotation degree of the camera, adjust the focal length so that the dental image occupies 80% of the screen, and then press the shutter to take the upright synapomorphic photo.

[0012] The method for obtaining orthodontic occlusal lateral occlusal phase is as follows: adjusting the camera lens to 10-20 cm away from the oral model, moving the camera up and down so that the four horizontal reference points on the occlusal plane are in a straight line in the viewfinder, and determining the vertical position of the camera; then adjusting the center of the camera retractor to coincide with the occlusal plane, and then rotating the camera clockwise or counterclockwise so that the occlusal plane is parallel to the upper and lower edges of the viewfinder, and determining the tilt degree of the camera; then tilting the camera forward or backward so that the occlusal plane is located in the upper and lower centers of the picture, and determining the pitch degree of the camera; then moving the camera right or left so that only 1-2 mm of buccal mucosa is exposed between the retractor and the posterior teeth, and determining the horizontal left and right position of the camera; moving the camera forward or backward to the left or right so that the dental image is in the left and right centers of the picture, determining the horizontal rotation degree of the camera, adjusting the focal length so that the dental image occupies 80% of the picture, and then pressing the shutter to take pictures to obtain the orthodontic occlusal lateral occlusal phase;

[0013] The method for obtaining the orthodontic maxillary occlusion is as follows: open the oral model widely, insert a reflector, with the rear end in contact with the most rear teeth of the maxillary teeth and the front end in contact with the mandibular anterior teeth, adjust the distance of the camera lens from the reflector by 10-20 cm, move the camera up and down so that the incisor tip of the upper anterior teeth is 2-3 mm behind the line connecting the maxillary posterior teeth in the reflector, rotate the camera clockwise or counterclockwise so that the line connecting the maxillary posterior teeth in the reflector is parallel to the upper and lower edges of the viewfinder, then tilt the camera forward or backward so that the image of the maxillary dental arch is located in the upper and lower centers of the viewfinder, then adjust the left and right positions of the camera so that the adjacent points of the upper central incisor overlap with the center line of the maxillary dental arch in the reflector, then move the camera forward or backward to the left or right so that the maxillary dental arch is in the center of the picture, then adjust the focus of the camera so that the dental image occupies 80% of the picture, and then press the shutter to take pictures to obtain the orthodontic maxillary occlusion;

[0014] The method for obtaining orthodontic mandibular occlusion is as follows: open the oral model widely, insert a reflector, with the rear end in contact with the rearmost teeth of the mandible and the front end in contact with the maxillary anterior teeth, adjust the camera lens to 10-20 cm away from the reflector, move the camera up and down so that the incisor tip of the lower anterior teeth is 2-3 mm behind the line connecting the mandibular posterior teeth in the reflector, rotate the camera clockwise or counterclockwise so that the line connecting the maxillary posterior teeth in the reflector is parallel to the upper and lower edges of the viewfinder, then tilt the camera forward or backward so that the image of the maxillary dental arch is located in the upper and lower centers of the viewfinder, then adjust the left and right positions of the camera so that the adjacent points of the lower central incisor overlap with the center line of the mandibular dental arch in the reflector, then move the camera forward or backward to the left or right so that the maxillary dental arch is in the center of the picture, then adjust the focus of the camera so that the dental image occupies 80% of the picture, and then press the shutter to take pictures to obtain orthodontic mandibular occlusion.

[0015] The present invention relates to an occlusal photography training device and a method for obtaining orthodontic occlusal images using the training device, namely a dental Photographic training device and orthodontic tooth obtained by using the training device Image method.

[0016] Advantages and effects of the present invention:

[0017] The present invention utilizes an occlusal photography training device with photography landmarks for teaching and practicing, offering advantages such as simplicity, repeatability, availability, ease of operation, and affordability. The device can easily explain the five-dimensional photography requirements involving camera position, tilt, pitch, horizontal phase position, and horizontal rotation. This provides students and junior doctors with specific reference points for practicing orthodontic photography, significantly shortening practice time and improving photography effectiveness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the occlusal photography training device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2Schematic diagram of the oral model structure;

[0020] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the hook structure;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the training device;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the left side structure of the training device;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the right side structure of the training device;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the maxillary occlusal structure of the training instrument;

[0025] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the mandibular occlusal structure of the training instrument.

[0026] In the figure: 1 is the photographic positioning frame, 2 is the simulated lip-cheek screen, 3 is the oral model, 4 is the photographic retractor, 5 is the adjustable bracket, 6 is the mandible, 7 is the maxilla, 8 is the hinge, 9 is the retractor wing for anteroposterior photography, 10 is the retractor wing for lateral photography, 11 is the retractor handle, 12 is the first horizontal reference point, 13 is the second horizontal reference point, 14 is the third horizontal reference point, 15 is the fourth horizontal reference point, 16 is the right center point of the retractor, 17 is the left center point of the retractor, 18 is the adjacent point of the maxillary central incisor, 19 is the adjacent point of the mandibular central incisor, and 20 is the reflector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] To suit the actual situation, when taking maxillofacial photos, the universal bracket can be adjusted to the actual angle between the patient's head and the ground when lying on the dental chair (30-45 degrees). In the combined photo shooting at different angles, the specific methods are as follows:

[0029] Method of photographing upright conjunction: Camera with Figure 4 Adjust the camera lens to 10-20cm away from the oral model, move the camera up and down so that the horizontal reference points (12, 13, 14, 15) in the viewfinder are in a straight line, which determines the correct up and down position of the camera, and then adjust the retractor so that the center points (16, 17) of the retractor are in the same line. Figure 4Marking) coincides with this straight line, thus determining the correct upper and lower positions of the retractor, rotate the camera clockwise or counterclockwise so that the above straight line is parallel to the upper and lower frames of the viewfinder, thus determining the correct tilt degree of the camera, tilt the camera forward or backward so that the above straight line is in the upper and lower centers of the viewfinder, thus determining the correct pitch degree of the camera, adjust the left and right positions of the camera so that the maxillary midline is in the left and right centers of the viewfinder, thus determining the correct horizontal left and right position of the camera, move the camera backward or forward to the left or right side, and fine-tune the camera horizontally to keep the maxillary midline in the left and right centers of the viewfinder, so that the distance between the front and rear columns of the right and left reference frames is equal (the degree of exposure of the posterior teeth on both sides is the same), thus determining the correct horizontal rotation degree of the camera. Then move the camera right or left so that the posterior teeth on both sides are exposed to the same degree, and determine the horizontal left and right position of the camera; move the left or right side of the camera forward or backward so that the dental image is in the center of the left and right sides of the screen, maintain the above state of the camera, adjust the camera zoom button so that the dental image occupies 80% of the screen, determine the camera's framing range, and then press the shutter to take the photo.

[0030] Method of photographing the side conjunction: the camera is Figure 5 、 6 To view the image, adjust the camera lens 10-20 cm from the oral model. Move the camera up or down so that the horizontal reference points 12, 13, 14, and 15 in the viewfinder are aligned to determine the correct vertical position of the camera. Align points 16 or 17 on the retractor on the photographic side with points 12, 13, 14, and 15 to determine the correct vertical position of the retractor. Rotate the camera clockwise or counterclockwise so that the above lines are parallel to the upper and lower edges of the viewfinder to determine the correct tilt of the camera. Tilt the camera forward or backward so that the above lines are centered in the upper and lower edges of the viewfinder to determine the correct pitch of the camera. Adjust the camera left or right so that the distance between points 16 or 17 on the retractor in the viewfinder and the second molar is between 1 and 2 mm, ensuring that the buccal mucosa does not obstruct the second molar. This determines the correct horizontal left or right position of the camera. Move the camera back or forward to the left or right so that the dental image is centered in the left or right edge of the viewfinder to determine the correct horizontal rotation of the camera. Keep the camera in focus, adjust the camera zoom button so that the dental image occupies 80% of the screen, and then press the shutter to take the photo.

[0031] Maxillary occlusion photography method: camera with Figure 7Frame the image from a different perspective. With the model's mouth wide open, place the reflector in the mouth, with the back edge of the reflector positioned behind the last maxillary tooth on each side and equidistant from the back edge of the molars on both sides, and the front of the reflector resting against the lower anterior teeth. Adjust the camera lens 10-20 cm from the reflector. Adjust the camera up and down so that the image of the upper anterior teeth does not obstruct the line connecting the distal ends of the last maxillary teeth on both sides, with a distance of 2-3 mm between them. This ensures the correct vertical position of the camera. Rotate the camera clockwise or counterclockwise so that the line connecting the distal ends of the maxillary teeth on both sides of the reflector is parallel to the upper and lower frames of the viewfinder. This determines the correct tilt of the camera. Tilt the camera forward or backward so that the dental arch image is in the upper and lower centers of the viewfinder. This determines the correct pitch of the camera. Adjust the left and right position of the camera so that the adjacent points of the maxillary central incisor coincide with the maxillary midline in the reflector. This determines the correct horizontal left and right position of the camera. Move the camera backward or forward to the left or right so that the maxillary dental arch is in the left and right centers of the viewfinder (the distance from the lens to the right and left molars is equal). This determines the correct horizontal rotation of the camera. Adjust the camera zoom button so that the dental arch image occupies 80% of the frame, and then press the shutter to take the photo.

[0032] Method of photographing mandibular occlusion: Camera with Figure 8 Frame the image from a different perspective. With the model's mouth wide open, place a reflector in the mouth, with the back edge of the reflector positioned behind the last mandibular tooth on each side and equidistant from the back edge of the molars on both sides, and the front of the reflector resting against the upper front teeth. Adjust the camera lens 10-20 cm from the reflector. Adjust the camera up and down so that the image of the lower front teeth does not obstruct the line connecting the distal ends of the last mandibular teeth on both sides, with a distance of 2-3 mm between them. This ensures the correct vertical position of the camera. Rotate the camera clockwise or counterclockwise so that the line connecting the distal ends of the maxillary teeth on both sides of the reflector is parallel to the upper and lower frames of the viewfinder. This determines the correct tilt of the camera. Tilt the camera forward or backward so that the dental arch image is in the upper and lower centers of the viewfinder. This determines the correct pitch of the camera. Adjust the left and right position of the camera so that the adjacent points of the mandibular central incisor coincide with the mandibular midline in the reflector. This determines the correct horizontal left and right position of the camera. Move the camera backward or forward to the left or right so that the mandibular dental arch is in the left and right centers of the viewfinder (the distance from the lens to the right and left molars is equal). This determines the correct horizontal rotation of the camera. Adjust the camera zoom button so that the dental arch image occupies 80% of the frame, and then press the shutter to take the photo.

[0033] Working Principle: The operator adjusts the shooting distance and the camera's posture so that the relative position of the marked points in the lens meets the required standard. Appropriate adjustments are made to the camera's vertical position, pitch, horizontal left and right position, and horizontal rotation in five dimensions. The camera's focal length and the size of the framing range are then adjusted to produce orthodontic occlusal photography results that meet the requirements. If the operator fails to adjust the marks to coincide, the photographs taken will deviate from the standard framing and shooting angles to varying degrees. Practitioners can compare the differences between correct and incorrect photography effects, quickly improving orthodontic occlusal photography results. By allowing practitioners to develop training memory in their limb muscles and sharpen their visual observation, novice doctors can quickly meet standard photography requirements.

Claims

1. An occlusal photography training device, characterized in that The invention comprises a photographing positioning frame (1), a simulated lip and cheek screen (2), an oral cavity model (3), a photographing retractor (4), an adjustable bracket (5) and a reflector (20), wherein the photographing positioning frame (1) is a rectangular frame structure with a bottom plate at the bottom, the oral cavity model (3) is fixed to the bottom center of the photographing positioning frame (1), the simulated lip and cheek screen (2) surrounds the oral cavity model (3), the photographing retractor (4) is arranged on the left and right sides of the oral cavity model (3), and its rear end is slidably connected to the two rear columns of the photographing positioning frame (1), the bottom of the photographing positioning frame (1) is provided with an adjustable bracket (5), and photographing reference marks are provided on the photographing positioning frame (1), the oral cavity model (3) and the photographing retractor (4); the front part of the photographing retractor (4) is an eight-shaped front retractor, the rear part is an arc-shaped side retractor, and the end is a retractor handle, and the rear end of the retractor handle is provided with a slideway matching the rear column of the photographing positioning frame.

2. The occlusal photography training device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable bracket (5) is provided with a universal rotation joint and a height telescopic joint.

3. A method for obtaining orthodontic occlusal photography images using the occlusal photography training device according to claim 1, characterized in that: First, adjust the camera lens to 10-20cm away from the oral model, adjust the five-dimensional posture of the camera and the height of the camera retractor, and take photos of various occlusal angles. Orthodontic occlusal photography includes anteroposterior occlusal photography, lateral occlusal photography, maxillary occlusal photography, and mandibular occlusal photography. The method for obtaining orthodontic occlusal anteroposterior occlusal photography is to move the camera up and down so that the four horizontal reference points on the occlusal plane are on a straight line in the viewfinder, and determine the vertical position of the camera; then adjust the center of the camera retractor to coincide with the occlusal plane, and then rotate the camera clockwise or counterclockwise so that the occlusal plane is parallel Determine the camera's tilt at the upper and lower edges of the viewfinder; then tilt the camera forward or backward so that the occlusal plane is in the upper and lower centers of the frame, determining the camera's pitch; then move the camera right or left so that the distance between the front and rear columns of the right and left reference frames is equal, with the posterior teeth now equally exposed, determining the camera's horizontal left and right position; then move the camera forward or backward to the left or right so that the dental image is in the left and right centers of the frame, determining the camera's horizontal rotation, and adjusting the focus so that the dental image occupies 80% of the frame. Then, press the shutter to capture the appositional synapomorphic image. The method for obtaining orthodontic occlusal lateral occlusion is to adjust the camera lens to 10-20 cm away from the oral model, move the camera up and down so that the four horizontal reference points on the occlusal plane are in a straight line in the viewfinder, and determine the vertical position of the camera; then adjust the center of the photographic retractor to coincide with the occlusal plane, and then rotate the camera clockwise or counterclockwise so that the occlusal plane is parallel to the upper and lower edges of the viewfinder, and determine the degree of tilt of the camera; then tilt the camera forward or backward so that the occlusal plane is in the upper and lower centers of the screen, and determine the degree of pitch of the camera; then move the camera right or left so that only 1-2 mm of buccal mucosa is exposed between the retractor and the posterior teeth, and determine the horizontal left and right position of the camera; move the camera forward or backward to the left or right so that the dental image is in the left and right centers of the screen, determine the horizontal rotation degree of the camera, adjust the focal length so that the dental image occupies 80% of the screen, and then press the shutter to obtain the orthodontic occlusal lateral occlusion; The method for obtaining orthodontic maxillary occlusion is to open the oral model widely, put in a reflector, with the rear end in contact with the most posterior teeth of the maxilla and the front end in contact with the anterior teeth of the mandible, adjust the camera lens 10-20 cm away from the reflector, move the camera up and down so that the incisor tip of the upper anterior teeth is 2-3 mm behind the line connecting the maxillary posterior teeth in the reflector, rotate the camera clockwise or counterclockwise so that the line connecting the maxillary posterior teeth in the reflector is parallel to the upper and lower edges of the viewfinder, then tilt the camera forward or backward so that the image of the maxillary dental arch is in the center of the viewfinder, then adjust the left and right position of the camera so that the adjacent points of the upper central incisor overlap with the center line of the maxillary dental arch in the reflector, then move the camera forward or backward to the left or right so that the maxillary dental arch is in the center of the picture, then adjust the focus of the camera so that the dental image occupies 80% of the picture, and then press the shutter to take a picture to obtain orthodontic maxillary occlusion; The method for obtaining orthodontic mandibular occlusion is to open the oral model widely, insert a reflector, with the rear end in contact with the most distal teeth of the mandible and the front end in contact with the maxillary anterior teeth, adjust the camera lens 10-20 cm away from the reflector, move the camera up and down so that the incisor tip of the lower anterior teeth is 2-3 mm behind the line connecting the mandibular posterior teeth in the reflector, rotate the camera clockwise or counterclockwise so that the line connecting the maxillary posterior teeth in the reflector is parallel to the upper and lower edges of the viewfinder, then tilt the camera forward or backward so that the image of the maxillary dental arch is located in the upper and lower centers of the viewfinder, then adjust the left and right positions of the camera so that the adjacent points of the lower central incisor overlap with the center line of the mandibular dental arch in the reflector, then move the camera forward or backward to the left or right so that the maxillary dental arch is in the center of the picture, then adjust the focus of the camera so that the dental image occupies 80% of the picture, and then press the shutter to take a picture to obtain orthodontic mandibular occlusion.

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