Image display device

Abstract

According to the present disclosure, the video display device comprises: a projection component, at least a portion of which is rotatably movable, and the projection component outputs projection light that forms at least one viewpoint video; a light collecting component that collects the projection light; a diffusion member that diffuses the projection light to cause a relatively narrow diffusion in the horizontal direction and a relatively wide diffusion in the vertical direction; a detector that detects the viewpoint position of an observer; and a controller that rotationally moves at least a portion of the projection component to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position detected by the detector.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an image display device that displays multiple viewpoint images. Background Art

[0002] There is a display technology for a three-dimensional image by displaying multiple images (viewpoint images) seen from different viewpoints on the same screen. For example, the display technology involves arranging a plurality of projectors on the circumference of a circle, configuring a screen that diffuses light only in the vertical direction in the middle portion thereof, and then projecting the viewpoint images from the corresponding plurality of projectors onto the screen at angles different from each other, thereby displaying a three-dimensional image in the middle portion (see PTL 1). In this case, components such as a drive circuit, a projection optical system, and a display device included in each projector are arranged on the circumference.

[0003] Citation List

[0004] Patent Literature

[0005] PTL 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2010-32952 Summary of the invention

[0006] In the above technology, due to the constraints imposed by the dedicated area of ​​the assembly of multiple projectors, the size of the entire image display device increases. In addition, the arrangement spacing between the multiple projectors is determined according to the size of each projector, which limits the angular resolution as a factor that determines the display quality of the three-dimensional image according to the characteristics.

[0007] It is desirable to provide an image display device that enables display of multi-viewpoint images with high display quality over a wide range without increasing its structural size.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, an image display device includes: a projection component, at least a portion of which is rotatably movable, and the projection component outputs projection light that forms at least one viewpoint image; a light collecting component that collects the projection light; a diffusion member that diffuses the projection light to cause a relatively narrow diffusion in the horizontal direction and a relatively wide diffusion in the vertical direction; a detector that detects the viewpoint position of an observer; and a controller that rotatably moves at least the portion of the projection component to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position detected by the detector.

[0009] In the image display device according to this embodiment of the present disclosure, projection light forming at least one viewpoint image is output from a projection component, and at least the portion of the projection component is rotatably movable. The controller rotationally moves at least the portion of the projection component to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position detected by the detector. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 is a configuration diagram showing an outline of an image display device according to a comparative example.

[0011] Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of a configuration example of an image display device according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] Figure 3 is a schematic side sectional view of a configuration example of the image display device according to the first embodiment.

[0013] Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an appropriate light beam diffusion distribution in the horizontal direction in the image display device according to the first embodiment.

[0014] Figure 5 : is an explanatory diagram showing an example of characteristic parameters related to the relationship between the observation distance and the viewpoint position in the image display device according to the first embodiment.

[0015] Figure 6 : is a characteristic diagram showing an example of values ​​of main characteristic parameters in a case where the optimal observation position is changed in the image display device according to the first embodiment.

[0016] Figure 7 : is a characteristic diagram showing an example of values ​​of main characteristic parameters in the case where the horizontal diffusion angle is changed in the image display device according to the first embodiment.

[0017] Figure 8 is a schematic plan view of a main part of an example of the configuration of an image display device according to the second embodiment.

[0018] Fig. 9 : is an explanatory diagram showing an example of characteristic parameters related to the relationship between the observation distance and the viewpoint position in the image display device according to the second embodiment.

[0019] Fig.10 : is a characteristic diagram showing an example of the relationship between the observation distance and the position of the first and second projector modules in the image display device according to the second embodiment.

[0020] Fig.11 : is a characteristic diagram showing an example of the relationship between the observation distance and the interval between the first and second projector modules in the image display device according to the second embodiment.

[0021] Fig.12 is a schematic plan view of a main part of a configuration example of an image display device according to a third embodiment.

[0022] Fig.13 is a schematic side sectional view of a main part of an example of a configuration of an image display device according to a third embodiment.

[0023] Fig.14 : is a characteristic diagram showing an example of the relationship between the observation distance and the lens position of the light gathering position adjustment lens in the image display device according to the third embodiment.

[0024] Fig.15 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main part showing a configuration example of an image display device according to a fourth embodiment.

[0025] Fig.16 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a viewpoint range of an image display device according to a fourth embodiment.

[0026] Fig.17 is a schematic plan view of a main portion of an image display device according to a first configuration example of the fifth embodiment.

[0027] Fig.18 is a schematic plan view of a main portion of an image display device according to a second configuration example of the fifth embodiment.

[0028] Fig.19 is a schematic plan view of a main portion of an image display device according to a third configuration example of the fifth embodiment.

[0029] Fig. 20 is a schematic plan view of a configuration example of an image display device according to a sixth embodiment.

[0030] Fig.21 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a configuration example of a transmission type cylindrical screen in an image display device according to a sixth embodiment.

[0031] Fig. 22 is a cross-sectional view of an equivalent configuration example of a transmissive cylindrical screen in the image display device according to the sixth embodiment.

[0032] Fig.23 is a schematic plan view of a configuration example of an image display device according to a seventh embodiment.

[0033] Fig.24 is a schematic side sectional view of a configuration example of an image display device according to a seventh embodiment.

[0034] Fig.25 is a schematic side sectional view of an example of a relationship between a projection elevation angle and a rotational movement direction of a projector module in the image display device according to the first embodiment.

[0035] Fig.26 is a schematic side sectional view of an example of a relationship between a projection elevation angle and a rotational movement direction of a projector module in an image display device according to a seventh embodiment.

[0036] Fig. 27 : is an explanatory diagram showing an overview of incident light vectors and reflected light vectors on a reflective flat surface of a reflective flat screen.

[0037] Fig.28 : is an explanatory diagram showing an overview of incident light vectors and reflected light vectors on a reflective flat surface of a reflective flat screen.

[0038] Fig.29 : is an explanatory diagram showing an overview of incident light vectors and reflected light vectors on a reflective flat surface of a reflective flat screen.

[0039] Fig.30 is a schematic plan view of a configuration example of an image display device according to an eighth embodiment.

[0040] Fig.31 is a schematic side sectional view of a configuration example of an image display device according to an eighth embodiment.

[0041] Fig.32 is a schematic plan view of a configuration example of an image display device according to a ninth embodiment.

[0042] Fig.33 is a schematic side sectional view of a configuration example of an image display device according to a ninth embodiment.

[0043] Fig.34 is a schematic plan view of a configuration example of an image display device according to a tenth embodiment.

[0044] Fig.35 is a schematic side sectional view of a configuration example of an image display device according to a tenth embodiment.

[0045] Fig.36 is an external view showing an overview of an image display device according to an eleventh embodiment.

[0046] Fig.37 is a schematic external view of a main part of a configuration example of an image display device according to an eleventh embodiment.

[0047] Fig.38 is a schematic side sectional view of a configuration example of an image display device according to an eleventh embodiment.

[0048] Fig.39 is a schematic side sectional view of a first example of a projection state of the first projector unit in the image display device according to the eleventh embodiment.

[0049] Fig.40 is a schematic side sectional view of a first example of a projection state of the second projector unit in the image display apparatus according to the eleventh embodiment.

[0050] Fig.41 is a schematic side sectional view of a second example of the projection state of the first projector unit in the image display device according to the eleventh embodiment.

[0051] Fig.42 is a schematic side sectional view of a second example of the projection state of the second projector unit in the image display apparatus according to the eleventh embodiment.

[0052] Fig.43 is a schematic external view of a main part of a configuration example of an image display device according to an eleventh embodiment.

[0053] Fig.44 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a main part of a configuration example of an image display device according to an eleventh embodiment.

[0054] Fig.45 is a schematic exploded view of main parts of an example of the configuration of an image display device according to an eleventh embodiment.

[0055] Fig.46 is a schematic external view of a main part of a configuration example of an image display device according to an eleventh embodiment.

[0056] Fig.47 is a schematic plan view of a main part of a configuration example of an image display device according to an eleventh embodiment.

[0057] Fig.48 is a schematic external view of a main part of a configuration example of an image display device according to an eleventh embodiment.

[0058] Fig.49 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the arrangement of camera modules in an image display device according to an eleventh embodiment.

[0059] Fig.50 1 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a first example of a method of detecting a viewpoint position in the image display device according to the eleventh embodiment.

[0060] Fig.51 : is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a second example of the method of detecting the viewpoint position in the image display device according to the eleventh embodiment.

[0061] Fig.52 is a schematic plan view of a first example of the linear drive mechanism of the projector unit in the image display apparatus according to the eleventh embodiment.

[0062] Fig.53 is a schematic external view of a first example of the linear drive mechanism of the projector unit in the image display apparatus according to the eleventh embodiment.

[0063] Fig.54 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing an example of a driving principle of an ultrasonic motor.

[0064] Fig.55 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the relationship between the driving voltage of the ultrasonic motor and the displacement of the movable member.

[0065] Fig.56 is a schematic plan view of a second example of the linear drive mechanism of the projector unit in the image display apparatus according to the eleventh embodiment.

[0066] Fig.57 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing an example of the driving principle of a stepping motor.

[0067] Fig.58 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing an example of the driving principle of a stepping motor.

[0068] Fig.59 is an external view showing an overview of an image display device according to a twelfth embodiment.

[0069] Fig.60 is a schematic exploded view of main parts of an example of the configuration of an image display device according to a twelfth embodiment.

[0070] Fig.61 is a schematic side sectional view of a main part of a configuration example of an image display device according to a twelfth embodiment.

[0071] Fig.62 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a first example of a projection state of the image display device according to the twelfth embodiment.

[0072] Fig.63 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a second example of the projection state of the image display device according to the twelfth embodiment.

[0073] Fig.64 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a first modified example of the image display device according to the twelfth embodiment.

[0074] Fig.65 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a second modified example of the image display device according to the twelfth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] The embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description is given in the following order.

[0076] 1. First Embodiment

[0077] 1.0 Comparison Example( Figure 1 )

[0078] 1.1 Configuration and Operation of Image Display Device According to First Embodiment ( Figures 2 to 7 )

[0079] 1.2 Effect

[0080] 2. Second Embodiment ( Figures 8 to 11 )

[0081] 3. Third embodiment ( Figures 12 to 14 )

[0082] 4. Fourth embodiment ( Fig.15 and 16 )

[0083] 5. Fifth embodiment ( Figures 17 to 19 )

[0084] 6. Sixth embodiment ( Figures 20 to 22 )

[0085] 7. Seventh embodiment ( Figures 23 to 29 )

[0086] 8. Eighth Embodiment ( Fig.30 and 31 )

[0087] 9. Ninth Embodiment ( Fig.32 and 33 )

[0088] 10. The tenth embodiment ( Fig.34 and 35 )

[0089] 11. Eleventh Embodiment ( Figures 36 to 58 )

[0090] 11.1 Overview

[0091] 11.2 Methods for Detecting Viewpoint Position

[0092] 11.3 Example of linear drive mechanism of projector unit (projection component)

[0093] 12. Twelfth Embodiment ( Figures 59 to 65 )

[0094] 13. Other embodiments

[0095] <1. First Embodiment>

[0096] [1.0 Comparison example]

[0097] (Overview and Problems of Image Display Device According to Comparative Example)

[0098] Figure 1 An overview of an image display device according to a comparative example is shown.

[0099] The image display device according to the comparative example includes a plurality of projectors 100 arranged on the circumference of a circle in an array and a screen 200 disposed in the middle portion and having anisotropic diffusion characteristics. A three-dimensional image is displayed by projecting images from each projector 100 toward the center.

[0100] One projector 100 is, for example, a DMD (digital micromirror device) type MEMS (micro-electromechanical system) projector that generates a projection image using a plurality of movable mirrors arranged in two dimensions. In this case, one projector 100 displays a two-dimensional image on a screen 200 by two-dimensional scanning of a laser light source using a MEMS mirror. Therefore, in the image display device according to the comparative example, image light of one viewpoint is output from one projector 100. Therefore, displaying multiple viewpoint images requires the same number of projectors 100 as the number of viewpoints, which results in a large-sized device as a whole. In the image display device according to the comparative example, the base points of each projector 100 are located on the circumference of a circle, so even if the size of each projector 100 is reduced, it is difficult to reduce the size of the device as a whole.

[0101] [1.1 Configuration and Operation of Image Display Device According to First Embodiment]

[0102] (Configuration of Image Display Device)

[0103] Figure 2 A configuration example of the image display device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown in a plan view. Figure 3 The configuration example of the side cross section of the image display device 1 is schematically shown. Figure 2 In the figures, the X axis represents the horizontal direction, the Y axis represents the vertical direction, and the Z axis represents the direction orthogonal to the X axis and the Y axis. The same applies to other figures illustrating the first embodiment described below and figures illustrated in other embodiments.

[0104] The image display device 1 according to the first embodiment includes a reflective cylindrical screen 2, a circular track 3 arranged on the inner circumference side of the reflective cylindrical screen 2, and a first projector module Pj1 and a second projector module Pj2 arranged on the track 3. The image display device 1 also includes a housing 10 ( Figure 3 ).

[0105] The image display device 1 further includes a viewpoint position detector 11 , a projector module position controller 12 , and an image providing section 13 .

[0106] In the first embodiment, the first projector module Pj1 and the second projector module Pj2 correspond to a specific example of a "projection means" in the disclosed technology. In the first embodiment, the reflective cylindrical screen 2 corresponds to a specific example of a "diffuser member" in the disclosed technology.

[0107] In the first embodiment, viewpoint position detector 11 corresponds to a specific example of a "detector" in the technology of the present disclosure. In the first embodiment, projector module position controller 12 corresponds to a specific example of a "controller" in the technology of the present disclosure.

[0108] The viewpoint position detector 11 detects the viewpoint position (left eye 4L and right eye 4R) of the observer. The viewpoint position detector 11 includes, for example, a camera module, and detects at least the viewpoint position in the horizontal direction of the observer.

[0109] Projector module position controller 12 rotationally moves first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 to positions corresponding to the viewpoint positions detected by viewpoint position detector 11 .

[0110] The first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are included in the "projection component" of the technology disclosed in the present invention as a whole. For example, the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 as a whole are rotatably movable on the track 3. The central axis of the circular track 3 is substantially consistent with the central axis C1 of the reflective cylindrical screen 2. It should be noted that by fixing the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 to the track 3 and rotating the track 3 itself, the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 can be rotationally moved in the rotational movement direction. The circular track 3 is hollow at the center of rotation to allow the arrangement of wiring. Examples of wiring here include electrical wiring, optical communication wiring, etc. coupled to the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2. In the first embodiment, the circular track 3 corresponds to a specific example of a "rotational drive mechanism component" in the technology disclosed in the present invention.

[0111] Each of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 includes, for example, a laser light source and a light modulation device that modulates light from the laser light source. Each of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 may include, for example, an LCOS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon) type projector, a DMD type MEMS projector, a single-mirror type MEMS projector, etc.

[0112] Each of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 outputs projection light that forms at least one viewpoint image. For example, the first projector module Pj1 outputs first projection light Lpj1 that forms a viewpoint image for the left eye 4L. In addition, for example, the second projector module Pj2 outputs second projection light Lpj2 that forms a viewpoint image for the right eye 4R.

[0113] The image supply section 13 supplies image signals corresponding to viewpoint images of the left eye 4L and the right eye 4R to the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 , respectively.

[0114] The reflective cylindrical screen 2 is a diffusion member having anisotropic diffusion characteristics, which provides different light diffusion characteristics in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. The reflective cylindrical screen 2 has a cylindrical reflection surface on the inner circumferential surface. The cylindrical reflection surface of the reflective cylindrical screen 2 serves as a light collecting component, which collects the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2. The reflective cylindrical screen 2 includes, for example, a holographic optical element (HOE: holographic optical element). The reflective cylindrical screen 2 diffuses the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2, thereby causing a relatively narrow diffusion in the horizontal direction and a relatively wide diffusion in the vertical direction, while collecting the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 toward the viewpoint position of the observer on the cylindrical reflection surface.

[0115] In the first embodiment, the cylindrical reflection surface of the reflection type cylindrical screen 2 corresponds to a specific example of a “light collecting member” in the technology of the present disclosure.

[0116] (Operation of Image Display Device)

[0117] In the image display device 1, the first projector module Pj1 projects the first projection light Lpj1 toward the cylindrical reflection surface formed on the inner circumference of the reflective cylindrical screen 2. In addition, the second projector module Pj2 projects the second projection light Lpj2 toward the cylindrical reflection surface of the reflective cylindrical screen 2 to a position different from the position where the first projection light Lpj1 is projected. The first projection light Lpj1 is diffused while being collected by the reflective cylindrical screen 2 to be diffused and distributed in the first projection area Ar1. In addition, the second projection light Lpj2 is diffused while being collected by the reflective cylindrical screen 2 to be diffused and distributed in the second projection area Ar2.

[0118] At the same time, the rotational movement positions of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are controlled by the projector module position controller 12, and the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are rotationally moved on the track 3 to an appropriate position corresponding to the viewpoint position detected by the viewpoint position detector 11. The first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are rotationally moved around an axis substantially identical to the central axis C1 of the reflective cylindrical screen 2. The rotation angles of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are determined so that the light focusing positions of the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 are substantially consistent with the positions of the left eye 4L and the right eye 4R, respectively. Therefore, for example, the first projection light Lpj1 is focused toward the left eye 4L. For example, the second projection light Lpj2 is focused toward the right eye 4R. Preferably, the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are rotationally moved on a plane where the projection elevation angle θ relative to the cylindrical reflection surface of the reflective cylindrical screen 2 becomes constant, as described later. Fig.25 shown.

[0119] (Regarding the diffusion characteristics of the reflective cylindrical screen 2)

[0120] Figure 4 An example of an appropriate light beam diffusion distribution in the horizontal direction in the image display device 1 is shown.

[0121] In the reflective cylindrical screen 2, the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 from the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are preferably diffused at an appropriate angle in the horizontal direction so as not to mix the respective viewpoint images at the left eye 4L and the right eye 4. Figure 4 As shown, in the reflective cylindrical screen 2, the first projection light lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 are preferably diffused to have a nearly rectangular diffusion distribution in the horizontal direction. Figure 4 The diffuse distribution characteristics with a relatively narrow angle in the X direction (in the X direction) can prevent crosstalk caused by the mixing of left and right viewpoint images. In addition, the reflective cylindrical screen 2 is given a relatively narrow angle in the vertical direction (in the X direction). Figure 4 The diffusion distribution characteristic in which the angle in the Y direction (in the horizontal direction) is wider than the angle in the horizontal direction enables the viewpoint image to be observed at a wide angle in the vertical direction.

[0122] (About the best viewing position)

[0123] In the image display device 1, the cylindrical reflection surface of the reflection type cylindrical screen 2 has a lens function as a light gathering member, and the focal position of the cylindrical reflection surface is a position of 1 / 2 of the radius of the cylindrical reflection surface. For example, the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are arranged at a position slightly offset from the position of 1 / 2 of the radius of the cylindrical reflection surface toward the central axis C1. The best viewing position of the image display device 1 is determined by the positions of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2.

[0124] Figure 5 An example of characteristic parameters related to the relationship between the observation distance and the viewpoint position in the image display device 1 is shown. Figure 5 The meaning of each symbol is as follows.

[0125] Lcmax: Crosstalk allowable limit distance

[0126] Lmax: Maximum image loss allowed distance

[0127] Lmin: Minimum image loss allowed distance

[0128] Lop: Optimal viewing distance

[0129] θconv: beam angle between viewpoints

[0130] θfov: Field of view (FOV)

[0131] θd: horizontal diffusion angle

[0132] Figure 6 An example of the values ​​of the main characteristic parameters (crosstalk allowable limit distance Lcmax, maximum image loss allowable distance Lmax, and minimum image loss allowable distance Lmin) when the optimal observation distance Lop (optimal observation position) is changed in the image display device 1 is shown. In addition, Figure 7 Examples of values ​​of similar main characteristic parameters in the case where the horizontal diffusion angle is changed in the image display device 1 are shown.

[0133] Figure 6 and Figure 7 The values ​​are shown when the display size of the viewpoint image in the horizontal direction is 100 mm and the interocular distance is 65 mm. Figure 6 The values ​​are shown when the horizontal diffusion angle θd is 3°.

[0134] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the distance range where image loss does not occur when the optimal observation position changes is the distance range (Lmax-Lmin) between the maximum image loss allowable distance Lmax and the minimum image loss allowable distance Lmin. In addition, the distance range equal to or less than the crosstalk allowable limit distance Lcmax is the distance range where crosstalk does not occur. Figures 5 to 7 The values ​​of the various characteristic parameters shown in are determined according to the usage conditions.

[0135] [1.2 Effect]

[0136] As described above, according to the image display device 1 according to the first embodiment, the rotatably movable projection component (the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2) outputs projection light that forms two left and right viewpoint images, and the projection component is rotatably movable to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position, which makes it possible to display a three-dimensional image with high display quality over a wide range without increasing its structural size.

[0137] It should be noted that the effects described herein are merely exemplary and not restrictive, and there may be other effects. The same applies to the effects of other embodiments described below.

[0138] <2. Second Embodiment>

[0139] Next, an image display device according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure is described. It should be noted that in the following description, components substantially the same as those of the image display device according to the above-described first embodiment are denoted by the same reference symbols, and description thereof is appropriately omitted.

[0140] Figure 8 A main part of a configuration example of an image display device 1A according to the second embodiment is schematically shown in a plan view.

[0141] In the image display device 1 according to the first embodiment, the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are fixed in a direction (viewing distance direction) orthogonal to the rotational movement direction. In addition, the interval between the first projector module Pj1 and the second projector module Pj2 is fixed to a constant value.

[0142] In contrast, in the image display device 1A according to the second embodiment, in the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2, the positions Zpj of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 in the direction orthogonal to the rotational movement direction are variable. In addition, the interval Xpj in the horizontal direction between the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 is variable. This makes it possible to adjust the respective output positions of the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 from the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 in the image display device 1A. This makes it possible to adjust the respective light gathering positions (focal positions) of the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2.

[0143] In the image display device 1A according to the second embodiment, the viewpoint position detector 11 detects the viewpoint position in the observation distance direction in addition to the horizontal direction of the observer, for example. The projector module position controller 12 rotationally moves the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position in the horizontal direction detected by the viewpoint position detector 11, and moves the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position in the observation distance direction. Therefore, the projector module position controller 12 controls the position Zpj of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 and the interval Xpj between the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 to adjust the respective light focusing positions of the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position in the observation distance direction detected by the viewpoint position detector 11.

[0144] Fig. 9 An example of characteristic parameters related to the relationship between the observation distance Lo (observation position) and the viewpoint position in the image display device 1A is shown. Fig. 9 In, with Figure 5 Parts with similar meanings are represented by similar symbols. Fig.10 An example of the relationship between the observation distance Lo and the positions Zpj of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 in the image display device 1A is shown. Fig.11 FIG. 4 shows an example of the relationship between the observation distance Lo and the interval Xpj between the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 in the image display device 1A. Figure 8 As shown, the position of the rotation center axis (the center axis C1 of the cylindrical reflection surface of the reflection type cylindrical screen 2) of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 is set to "-100", and changes in the + direction Fig.10 The value of position Zpj in increases the distance from the rotation center axis.

[0145] In the image display device 1 according to the first embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the optimum observation distance Lop is fixed to a constant value, and the distance allowing comfortable observation centered on the optimum observation position is limited. In contrast, in the image display device 1A according to the second embodiment, the positions Zpj of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 and the interval Xpj between the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are optimized according to the viewpoint position in the observation distance direction, which enables a wide range of comfortable observation not only in the horizontal direction but also in the observation distance direction.

[0146] Other configurations, operations, and effects may be basically similar to those of the image display device according to the above-described first embodiment.

[0147] <3. Third embodiment>

[0148] Next, an image display device according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure is described. It should be noted that in the following description, components substantially the same as those of the image display device according to the above-described first or second embodiment are denoted by the same reference symbols, and description thereof is appropriately omitted.

[0149] Fig.12 A main part of a configuration example of an image display device 1B according to the third embodiment is schematically shown in a plan view. Fig.13 The main part of a configuration example of a side cross section of the image display device 1B is schematically shown.

[0150] In the image display device 1A according to the second embodiment, the position Zpj of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 and the interval Xpj between the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are variable, which makes it possible to adjust the light collection position (focal position) of each of the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2.

[0151] In contrast, the image display device 1B according to the third embodiment includes a light focusing position adjustment lens 21 for adjusting the light focusing position of each of the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2. In the image display device 1B, as in the image display device 1 according to the first embodiment, the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 can be fixed in a direction (observation distance direction) orthogonal to the rotational movement direction. In addition, in the image display device 1B, as in the image display device 1 according to the first embodiment, the interval between the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 can be fixed to a constant value.

[0152] In the third embodiment, the first projector module Pj1 , the second projector module Pj2 , and the light focusing position adjusting lens 21 correspond to a specific example of “projection means” in the technology of the present disclosure.

[0153] The light focusing position adjustment lens 21 is arranged on the optical paths of the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 output from the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2, between the cylindrical reflection surface of the reflection type cylindrical screen 2 and the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2. The light focusing position adjustment lens 21 is movable in a direction orthogonal to the rotational movement direction of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2. This makes it possible to adjust the light focusing position of each of the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2. It should be noted that Fig.12 A configuration example in which the light focusing position adjusting lens 21 is a concave lens is shown; however, a configuration in which the light focusing position adjusting lens 21 is a convex lens may be adopted.

[0154] In the image display device 1B according to the third embodiment, the viewpoint position detector 11 detects the viewpoint position in the observation distance direction in addition to the horizontal direction of the observer, for example. The projector module position controller 12 rotationally moves the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position in the horizontal direction detected by the viewpoint position detector 11, and moves the light focusing position adjustment lens 21 to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position in the observation distance direction. Therefore, the projector module position controller 12 controls the position of the light focusing position adjustment lens 21 to adjust the light focusing position of each of the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position in the observation distance direction detected by the viewpoint position detector 11.

[0155] Fig.14 2 shows the relationship between the observation distance Lo (observation position) and the lens position of the light focusing position adjustment lens 21 in the image display device 1B. Fig.12 As shown, the rotation center axis of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 (the center axis C1 of the cylindrical reflection surface of the reflection type cylindrical screen 2) is set as the origin, and Fig.14 The value of the lens position in the direction changes so that the distance from the rotation center axis increases. For example, in the case where the light focusing position adjustment lens 21 is a concave lens, as Fig.14 As shown, moving the light focusing position adjusting lens 21 away from the rotation center axis makes it possible to increase the observation distance Lo.

[0156] Other configurations, operations, and effects may be substantially similar to those of the image display device according to the above-described first or second embodiment.

[0157] <4. Fourth embodiment>

[0158] Next, an image display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure is described. It should be noted that in the following description, components substantially the same as those of the image display device according to any one of the first to third embodiments described above are indicated by the same reference symbols, and their description is appropriately omitted.

[0159] In the image display device according to the above-mentioned first to third embodiments, the case where each of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 outputs projection light forming one viewpoint image is described; however, the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 can output projection light forming multiple viewpoint images.

[0160] Fig.15 A main part of a configuration example of an image display device 1C according to the fourth embodiment is schematically shown.

[0161] Fig.15 An example is shown in which each of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 outputs projection light that forms three viewpoint images. Fig.15 An example of a configuration in the case of displaying a color image is shown. It should be noted that a configuration may be adopted in which each of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 outputs projection light forming two viewpoint images or four or more viewpoint images.

[0162] For example, each of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 may include a scanning type projector that generates a viewpoint image by scanning a plurality of laser beams incident on a single scanning mirror at different angles, such as Fig.15 shown.

[0163] In the image display device 1C, the first projector module Pj1 includes a plurality of light sources 30R, 30G, and 30B, a dichroic prism 31 , a condenser lens 32 , and a scanning mirror 33 .

[0164] The light source 30R is a laser light source that emits a plurality of R (red) color light beams. The light source 30G is a laser light source that emits a plurality of G (green) color light beams. The light source 30B is a laser light source that emits a plurality of B (blue) color light beams. Each of the light sources 30R, 30G, and 30B includes, for example, an edge emitting laser array or a VCSEL (vertical cavity surface emitting laser). It should be noted that Fig.15 Only a plurality of green light beams (first projection light Lpj11 , second projection light Lpj12 , and third projection light Lpj13 ) from the light source 30G are shown as representatives.

[0165] The dichroic prism 31 has a plurality of surfaces. The light source 30R is opposed to a first surface of the dichroic prism 31. The light source 30G is opposed to a second surface of the dichroic prism 32. The light source 30B is opposed to a third surface of the dichroic prism 30.

[0166] The dichroic prism 30 combines the optical paths of multiple red light beams incident to the first surface, the optical paths of multiple green light beams incident to the second surface, and the optical paths of multiple blue light beams incident to the third surface, and outputs multiple light beams of each color from the fourth surface to the scanning mirror 33.

[0167] The condenser lens 32 condenses the plurality of light beams of each color output from the dichroic prism 31 toward the scanning mirror 33 at angles different from each other.

[0168] The scanning mirror 33 is, for example, a two-axis MEMS mirror having a mirror surface that can be tilted around two axes. The scanning mirror 33 two-dimensionally scans each of the multiple light beams (the first projection light Lpj11, the second projection light Lpj12, and the third projection light Lpj13) of each color toward the inner surface of the reflective cylindrical screen 2 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.

[0169] The second projector module Pj2 also has a configuration substantially similar to that of the first projector module Pj1, and outputs each of the first projection light Lpj21, the second projection light Lpj22, and the third projection light Lpj23 toward the inner surface of the reflective cylindrical screen 2 in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0170] Fig.16 The viewpoint range of the image display device 1C is schematically shown.

[0171] In the image display device 1C, for example, the first projection light Lpj11, the second projection light Lpj12, and the third projection light Lpj13 from the first projector module Pj1 form respective three viewpoint images in different regions (first projection region Ar11, second projection region Ar12, and third projection region Ar13) around the left eye 4L of the observer in the horizontal direction. In addition, the first projection light Lpj21, the second projection light Lpj22, and the third projection light Lpj23 from the second projector module Pj2 form respective three viewpoint images in different regions (first projection region Ar21, second projection region Ar22, and third projection region Ar23) around the right eye 4R of the observer in the horizontal direction.

[0172] As described above, in the image display device 1C, a plurality of viewpoint images are formed around each of the left eye 4L and the right eye 4R in the horizontal direction. This makes it possible to display a three-dimensional image with high display quality over a wide range in the horizontal direction. For example, Fig.16At the viewpoint position in (A), the observer observes a three-dimensional image through the first projection light Lpj11 from the first projector module Pj1 and the first projection light Lpj21 from the second projector module Pj2. Fig.16 At the viewpoint position in (B), the observer observes the three-dimensional image through the second projection light Lpj12 from the first projector module Pj1 and the second projection light Lpj22 from the second projector module Pj2. Fig.16 At the viewpoint position in (C), the observer observes a three-dimensional image through the third projection light Lpj13 from the first projector module Pj1 and the third projection light Lpj23 from the second projector module Pj2.

[0173] In the image display device according to the first to third embodiments described above, a three-dimensional image is displayed by viewpoint images from two viewpoints. At this time, for example, the diffusion angle in the horizontal direction of the two projection light beams forming the viewpoint images from the two viewpoints is set to a diffusion angle corresponding to the convergence angle of the two eyes at the optimal observation position. In this case, even if the viewpoint position of the observer is detected and the projection component is operated to gather the two projection light beams to the position of the two eyes, a detection error or tracking delay may occur in the viewpoint position detector 11, and the viewpoint image may not be displayed at the correct viewpoint position. In order to compensate for this, it is necessary to set a wide diffusion angle within a range where crosstalk is not noticeable. In contrast, in the image display device 1C according to the fourth embodiment, for example, multiple viewpoint images from each of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are displayed within the range of the convergence angle of the two eyes, instead of displaying the viewpoint images at a wide diffusion angle, which enables the proper display of the three-dimensional image to be maintained even if the viewpoint position moves to a certain extent in the horizontal direction. In the image display device 1C according to the fourth embodiment, for example, a filter can be applied in the time direction to reduce the detection noise of the viewpoint position in the viewpoint position detector 11, thereby removing the noise. Therefore, the viewpoint position is detected only when the movement of the viewpoint position is slow to a certain extent, which makes it possible to reduce the display error of the three-dimensional image caused by the detection error or the like.

[0174] Other configurations, operations, and effects may be substantially similar to those of the image display device according to any one of the first to third embodiments described above.

[0175] <5. Fifth embodiment>

[0176] Next, an image display device according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure is described. It should be noted that in the following description, components substantially the same as those of the image display device according to any of the first to fourth embodiments described above are denoted by the same reference symbols, and their descriptions are appropriately omitted.

[0177] In the image display apparatus according to the above-described first to fourth embodiments, the configuration example in the case where there is only one observer is described; however, Figures 17 to 19 The configuration example shown is similar, and a plurality of projection components are provided so that a three-dimensional image can be displayed to a plurality of observers. In this case, the viewpoint position detector 11 detects the viewpoint position of each of the plurality of observers. Each of the plurality of projection components is rotatably movable. The projector module position controller 12 rotatably moves the plurality of projection components to respective positions corresponding to the viewpoint positions of different observers detected by the viewpoint position detector 11.

[0178] Fig.17 A main part of an image display device 1D-1 according to a first configuration example of the fifth embodiment is schematically shown in a plan view. Fig.18 A main part of an image display device 1D-2 according to a second configuration example of the fifth embodiment is schematically shown in a plan view. Fig.19 A main part of an image display device 1D-3 according to a third configuration example of the fifth embodiment is schematically shown in a plan view.

[0179] Each of the image display devices 1D-1, 1D-2, and 1D-3 according to the first to third configuration examples includes three projection components (a first projector unit PjA, a second projector unit PjB, and a third projector unit PjC) as a plurality of projection components. It should be noted that a configuration in which two projection components (projector units) or four or more projection components (projector units) are provided may be adopted.

[0180] Each of the first to third projector units PjA, PjB, and PjC includes a first projector module Pj1 and a second projector module Pj2 having a configuration substantially similar to that in the image display device according to any one of the first to fourth embodiments described above.

[0181] In the image display device 1D-1 according to the first configuration example, as shown in FIG. Fig.17 As shown, each of the first to third projector units PjA, PjB, and PjC is arranged on the circumference of one track 3. Each of the first to third projector units PjA, PjB, and PjC is rotatably movable on the circumference of one track 3 independently of each other.

[0182] like Fig.18As shown, the image display device 1D-2 according to the second configuration example includes two circular tracks 3A and 3B having different diameters from each other instead of the one track 3. The two tracks 3A and 3B are arranged on the same plane. The central axis of each of the two tracks 3A and 3B is substantially consistent with the central axis C1 of the reflective cylindrical screen 2. Each of the first to third projector units PjA, PjB and PjC is arranged on the circumference of one of the two tracks 3A and 3B. Fig.18 In the embodiment, the first projector unit PjA is arranged on the circumference of the track 3A, and the second projector unit PjB and the third projector unit PjC are arranged on the circumference of the track 3B.

[0183] As with the image display device 1D-2 according to the second configuration example, Fig.19 As shown, the image display device 1D-3 according to the third configuration example includes two circular rails 3A and 3B with different diameters from each other instead of the one rail 3. However, in the image display device 1D-3 according to the third configuration example, the two rails 3A and 3B are stacked on different planes from each other (in Fig.19 For example, the track 3A is arranged at different positions in the Y direction. Fig.19 The track 3B is arranged above or below the plane including the paper surface. The other configurations are similar to those in the image display device 1D-2 according to the second configuration example.

[0184] The rails 3A and 3B in the image display devices 1D-2 and 1D-3 according to the second and third configuration examples correspond to a specific example of the “rotational drive mechanism member” in the technology of the present disclosure.

[0185] Other configurations, operations, and effects may be substantially similar to those of the image display device according to any one of the first to fourth embodiments described above.

[0186] <6. Sixth embodiment>

[0187] Next, an image display device according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure is described. It should be noted that in the following description, components substantially the same as those of the image display device according to any one of the first to fifth embodiments described above are indicated by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is appropriately omitted.

[0188] Fig. 20 A configuration example of an image display device 1E according to the sixth embodiment is schematically shown in a plan view.

[0189] The image display device 1E according to the sixth embodiment has a configuration corresponding to the image display device 1 according to the first embodiment, including a transmissive cylindrical screen 2A instead of the reflective cylindrical screen 2 .

[0190] In the sixth embodiment, the transmissive cylindrical screen 2A corresponds to a specific example of a “diffuser member” in the technology of the present disclosure.

[0191] Fig.21 The following schematically shows a configuration example of a transmissive cylindrical screen 2A in the image display device 1E. Fig. 22 An equivalent configuration example of the transmissive cylindrical screen 2A in the image display device 1E is schematically shown.

[0192] The transmissive cylindrical screen 2A is a diffusion member having anisotropic diffusion characteristics, which provides different light diffusion characteristics in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. Fig. 22 As shown, the transmissive cylindrical screen 2A has a cylindrical surface, and its two surfaces (inner peripheral surface and outer peripheral surface) have a lens function equivalent to a configuration in which two cylindrical lenses (first cylindrical lens 41A and second cylindrical lens 42A) having thicknesses equal to focal lengths f1 and f2, respectively, are opposed to each other.

[0193] The cylindrical surface of the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A serves as a light collecting member that collects the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2. The transmission type cylindrical screen 2A includes, for example, a transmission type holographic optical element (HOE: holographic optical element). In the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A, as shown in FIG. Fig.21 As shown, for example, the inner circumferential surface is the first HOE surface 41, and the outer circumferential surface is the second HOE surface 42. The first HOE surface 41 is used as Fig. 22 The first cylindrical lens 41A is shown. The second HOE surface 42 is used as Fig. 22 The second cylindrical lens 42A shown. The ratio of the respective focal lengths f1 and f2 of the first HOE surface 41 and the second HOE surface 42 of the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A is adjusted, which makes it possible to gather the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 at the optimal observation position. A light diffusion characteristic including a relatively narrow diffusion in the horizontal direction and a relatively wide diffusion in the vertical direction is provided to two or one of the first HOE surface 41 and the second HOE surface 42 of the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A. Therefore, the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A diffuses each of the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 so that the diffusion in the horizontal direction is relatively narrow and the diffusion in the vertical direction is relatively wide, while gathering the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 to the respective viewpoint positions of the observer on the cylindrical surface.

[0194] In the sixth embodiment, the cylindrical surface of the transmissive cylindrical screen 2A corresponds to a specific example of a “light collecting member” in the technology of the present disclosure.

[0195] Other configurations, operations, and effects may be basically similar to those of the image display device 1 according to the above-described first embodiment.

[0196] (Modified example)

[0197] In the image display apparatus according to the second to fifth embodiments, a configuration may be adopted in which the reflective cylindrical screen 2 is replaced with the transmissive cylindrical screen 2A.

[0198] <7. Seventh Embodiment>

[0199] Next, an image display device according to a seventh embodiment of the present disclosure is described. It should be noted that in the following description, components substantially the same as those of the image display device according to any one of the first to sixth embodiments described above are denoted by the same reference symbols, and their description is appropriately omitted.

[0200] Fig.23 A configuration example of an image display device 1F according to the seventh embodiment is schematically shown in a plan view. Fig.24 A configuration example of a side cross section of an image display device 1F according to the seventh embodiment is schematically shown.

[0201] The image display device 1F according to the seventh embodiment has a configuration corresponding to the image display device 1 according to the first embodiment, including a transparent cover 5 and a reflective flat screen 6 instead of the reflective cylindrical screen 2 .

[0202] The transparent cover 5 has a cylindrical shape and is arranged at a position substantially similar to that of the reflective cylindrical screen 2 in the image display device 1 according to the first embodiment. It should be noted that the transparent cover 5 basically has no lens function and light diffusion function and may be omitted from the configuration.

[0203] For example, in a top view, the reflective flat screen 6 is basically arranged around the middle. The reflective flat screen 6 has a reflective flat surface having a lens function equivalent to that of a Fresnel lens. The reflective flat screen 6 includes, for example, a holographic optical element (HOE: holographic optical element), and the reflective flat surface having a lens function is an HOE surface. In the image display device 1F, each of the first projector module Pj1 and the second projector module Pj2 outputs projection light to the reflective flat surface of the reflective flat screen 6. The HOE surface of the reflective flat screen 6 is provided with a light diffusion characteristic including a relatively narrow diffusion in the horizontal direction and a relatively wide diffusion in the vertical direction. Therefore, the reflective flat screen 6 diffuses the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 from the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2, thereby causing a relatively narrow diffusion in the horizontal direction and a relatively wide diffusion in the vertical direction, while concentrating the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 to respective viewpoint positions of an observer on the reflective flat surface.

[0204] In the seventh embodiment, the reflective flat screen 6 corresponds to a specific example of a "diffuser member" in the disclosed technology. In the seventh embodiment, the reflective flat surface of the reflective flat screen 6 corresponds to a specific example of a "light collecting part" in the disclosed technology.

[0205] Fig.25 An example of the relationship between the projection elevation angle θ and the rotational movement directions of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 in the image display device 1 according to the first embodiment is schematically shown. Fig.26 An example of the relationship between the projection elevation angle θ and the rotational movement directions of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 in the image display device 1F according to the seventh embodiment is schematically shown.

[0206] In the image display device 1 according to the first embodiment, as Fig.25 As shown, it is preferred that the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are rotationally moved on a plane where a projection elevation angle θ relative to the cylindrical reflective surface of the reflective cylindrical screen 2 is constant.

[0207] Likewise, in the image display device 1F according to the seventh embodiment, as shown in FIG. Fig.26 As shown, it is preferred that the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are rotationally moved on a plane where a projection elevation angle θ with respect to the reflective flat surface of the reflective flat screen 6 is constant.

[0208] Here, in order to make the projection elevation angle θ constant, the planes on which the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 rotate and move differ between the case of using the reflective cylindrical screen 2 and the case of using the reflective flat screen 6. In the case of using the reflective cylindrical screen 2, as Fig.25 As shown in FIG. 1 , the track 3 is rotated and moved on a plane (ZX plane) that is not inclined to the vertical direction (Y axis). The track 3 is arranged in the ZX plane.

[0209] In the case of using a reflective flat screen 6, as Fig.26 As shown, the rotational movement is performed on a plane inclined to the vertical direction (Y axis). In this case, the inclination angle is an angle corresponding to the projection elevation angle θ. The track 3 is arranged in an inclined plane.

[0210] Figures 27 to 29 An outline of an incident light vector R and a reflected light vector S on a reflective flat surface (HOE surface) of the reflective flat screen 6 is shown.

[0211] By causing the projection light to enter the reflective flat surface of the reflective flat screen 6 from a plane at the same angle as the projection elevation angle θ, the elevation angle (the angle in the YZ cross section of the incident light vector R) relative to the reflective flat screen 6 is made constant. As a result, the output elevation angle (the angle in the YZ cross section of the reflected light vector S) can also be made constant.

[0212] Other configurations, operations, and effects may be basically similar to those of the image display device 1 according to the above-described first embodiment.

[0213] <8. Eighth Embodiment>

[0214] Next, an image display device according to an eighth embodiment of the present disclosure is described. It should be noted that in the following description, components substantially the same as those of the image display device according to any of the first to seventh embodiments described above are denoted by the same reference symbols, and their description is appropriately omitted.

[0215] Fig.30 A configuration example of an image display device 1G according to the eighth embodiment is schematically shown in a plan view. Fig.31 A configuration example of a side cross section of an image display device 1G according to the eighth embodiment is schematically shown.

[0216] The image display device 1G according to the eighth embodiment corresponds to the image display device 1 according to the first embodiment, and includes a Fresnel lens rotator 7 and a rotating stage 8 instead of the rail 3. In addition, the image display device 1G corresponds to the image display device 1 according to the first embodiment, and includes a rotation controller 14 that controls the rotation angle of the Fresnel lens rotator 7 instead of the projector module position controller 12.

[0217] In the eighth embodiment, the first projector module Pj1, the second projector module Pj2 and the Fresnel lens rotation body 7 correspond to specific examples of "projection means" in the disclosed technology. In the eighth embodiment, the rotation controller 14 corresponds to a specific example of "controller" in the disclosed technology.

[0218] The Fresnel lens rotating body 7 is disposed on a rotating table 8 and is rotatably movable. The rotation center axis of the Fresnel lens rotating body 7 substantially coincides with the center axis C1 of the reflective cylindrical screen 2 .

[0219] Each of the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 output from the first projector module Pj1 and the second projector module Pj2 passes through the Fresnel lens rotator 7, and is then condensed toward the viewpoint position of the observer by the cylindrical reflection surface of the reflective cylindrical screen 2. In the image display device 1G, instead of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 being rotationally moved, the Fresnel lens rotator 7 is rotated, which makes the light condensing position of each of the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 substantially coincide with the viewpoint position of the observer.

[0220] The rotation controller 14 controls the rotating stage 8 so that the rotation angle of the Fresnel lens rotating body 7 becomes an angle corresponding to the viewpoint position detected by the viewpoint position detector 11 .

[0221] Other configurations, operations, and effects may be basically similar to those of the image display device 1 according to the above-described first embodiment.

[0222] <9. Ninth Embodiment>

[0223] Next, an image display device according to a ninth embodiment of the present disclosure is described. It should be noted that in the following description, components substantially the same as those of the image display device according to any one of the first to eighth embodiments described above are denoted by the same reference symbols, and their description is appropriately omitted.

[0224] Fig.32 A configuration example of an image display device 1H according to the ninth embodiment is schematically shown in a plan view. Fig.33 A configuration example of a side cross section of an image display device 1H according to a ninth embodiment is schematically shown.

[0225] The image display device 1H according to the ninth embodiment corresponds to the image display device 1E according to the sixth embodiment ( Fig. 20), which includes a reflective eccentric Fresnel lens rotating body 9 instead of the track 3. In addition, the image display device 1H corresponds to the image display device 1E according to the sixth embodiment, which includes a rotation controller 15 for controlling the rotation angle of the reflective eccentric Fresnel lens rotating body 9 instead of the projector module position controller 12.

[0226] In the ninth embodiment, the first projector module Pj1, the second projector module Pj2 and the reflective eccentric Fresnel lens rotation body 9 correspond to specific examples of "projection means" in the technology of the present disclosure. In the ninth embodiment, the rotation controller 15 corresponds to a specific example of "controller" in the technology of the present disclosure.

[0227] The reflective eccentric Fresnel lens rotating body 9 is arranged at the top (i.e., the position as the top surface of the transmissive cylindrical screen 2A) and is rotatably movable. The rotation center axis of the reflective eccentric Fresnel lens rotating body 9 is substantially consistent with the center axis C1 of the transmissive cylindrical screen 2A. The first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 are substantially arranged at the middle position in the top view.

[0228] Each of the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 output from the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 is reflected by the reflective eccentric Fresnel lens rotating body 9, and thereafter is gathered toward the viewpoint position of the observer by the cylindrical surface of the transmissive cylindrical screen 2A. In the image display device 1H, instead of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 being rotationally moved, the reflective eccentric Fresnel lens rotating body 9 is rotated, which makes the light gathering position of each of the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 substantially coincide with the viewpoint position of the observer.

[0229] The rotation controller 15 controls the rotation angle of the reflective eccentric Fresnel lens rotation body 9 so that the rotation angle becomes an angle corresponding to the viewpoint position detected by the viewpoint position detector 11 .

[0230] Other configurations, operations, and effects may be basically similar to those of the image display device 1E according to the above-described sixth embodiment.

[0231] <10. Tenth Embodiment>

[0232] Next, an image display device according to a tenth embodiment of the present disclosure is described. It should be noted that in the following description, components substantially the same as those of the image display device according to any of the first to ninth embodiments described above are denoted by the same reference symbols, and their description is appropriately omitted.

[0233] Fig.34A configuration example of an image display device 1I according to the tenth embodiment is schematically shown in a plan view. Fig.35 A configuration example of a side cross section of an image display device 1I according to a tenth embodiment is schematically shown.

[0234] The image display device 1I according to the tenth embodiment corresponds to the image display device 1E according to the sixth embodiment ( Fig. 20 ), which replaces the track 3, and includes a transmission type eccentric Fresnel lens rotating body 9A and a reflecting mirror 22. In addition, the image display device 1I corresponds to the image display device 1E according to the sixth embodiment, which includes a rotation controller 15 that controls the rotation angle of the transmission type eccentric Fresnel lens rotating body 9A instead of the projector module position controller 12.

[0235] In the ninth embodiment, the first projector module Pj1, the second projector module Pj2, the transmissive eccentric Fresnel lens rotating body 9A and the reflector 22 correspond to a specific example of the "projection component" in the technology of the present disclosure. In the ninth embodiment, the rotation controller 15 corresponds to a specific example of the "controller" in the technology of the present disclosure.

[0236] The transmission type eccentric Fresnel lens rotating body 9A is arranged at the bottom (i.e., the position as the bottom surface of the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A) and is rotatably movable. The rotation center axis of the transmission type eccentric Fresnel lens rotating body 9A is substantially consistent with the center axis C1 of the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A. The reflecting mirror 22 is arranged on the optical path between the transmission type eccentric Fresnel lens rotating body 9A and the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2.

[0237] Each of the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 output from the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 is reflected by the reflector 22 and then passes through the transmission type eccentric Fresnel lens rotating body 9A. Each of the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 passing through the transmission type eccentric Fresnel lens rotating body 9A is gathered toward the viewpoint position of the observer by the cylindrical surface of the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A. In the image display device 1I, instead of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 rotating movement, the transmission type eccentric Fresnel lens rotating body 9A rotates, which makes the light gathering position of each of the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 substantially coincide with the viewpoint position of the observer.

[0238] The rotation controller 15 controls the rotation angle of the transmission type eccentric Fresnel lens rotation body 9A so that the rotation angle becomes an angle corresponding to the viewpoint position detected by the viewpoint position detector 11 .

[0239] Other configurations, operations, and effects may be basically similar to those of the image display device 1E according to the above-described sixth embodiment.

[0240] <11. Eleventh Embodiment>

[0241] Next, an image display device according to an eleventh embodiment of the present disclosure is described. It should be noted that in the following description, components substantially the same as those of the image display device according to any of the first to tenth embodiments described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their description is appropriately omitted.

[0242] [11.1 Overview]

[0243] Fig.36 An outline of the appearance of an image display device 1J according to an eleventh embodiment is shown. Fig.37 The main parts of a configuration example of the image display device 1J are schematically shown. Fig.38 The configuration example of a side cross section of the image display device 1J is schematically shown.

[0244] The image display device 1J according to the eleventh embodiment includes the image display device 1E according to the sixth embodiment ( Fig. 20 ) of the transmissive cylindrical screen 2A. In addition, like the image display device according to the fifth embodiment, the image display device 1J includes a plurality of projection components, which enables display of a three-dimensional image to a plurality of observers. Like the image display device according to the fifth embodiment, the image display device 1J detects the respective viewpoint positions of the plurality of observers. Each of the plurality of projection components is rotatably movable. The projector module position controller 12 rotationally moves the plurality of projection components to respective positions corresponding to the viewpoint positions of different observers detected by the viewpoint position detector 11.

[0245] The image display device 1J includes two projection components (a first projector unit PjA and a second projector unit PjB) as a plurality of projection components. The image display device 1J includes the image display device 1D-3 ( Fig.19 ) are two turntables 50A and 50B corresponding to the two tracks 3A and 3B in the first projection unit PjA. The first projection unit PjA is arranged on the turntable 50A. The second projection unit PjB is arranged on the turntable 50B. It should be noted that for the purpose of illustration, Fig.36 The projection part is shown as being seen from the outside, but a sunshade or the like may be provided to prevent the projection part from being seen from the outside.

[0246] Each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB includes first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 having a configuration substantially similar to that of the image display device 1 and the like according to the above-described first embodiment.

[0247] The turntables 50A and 50B have different diameters from each other and are stacked on different planes from each other ( Fig.36 For example, the turntable 50A has a larger diameter than the turntable 50B and is arranged above the turntable 50B. This enables the turntables 50A and 50B to rotate independently of each other. In the image display device 1J, each of the rotating turntables 50A and 50B enables the first and second projector units PjA and PjB to be rotationally moved independently of each other.

[0248] like Fig.37 As shown, each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB includes linear drive mechanism components 70 and 80, and is linearly movable in a direction (observation distance direction) orthogonal to the rotational movement direction on the turntable 50A or 50B. This makes it possible to adjust the output position of the projection light from each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB in the image display device 1J. This makes it possible to adjust the light collection position (focal position) of the projection light from each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB.

[0249] The projector module position controller 12 rotationally moves the turntables 50A and 50B to adjust the rotational position of each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position in the horizontal direction of the observer detected by the viewpoint position detector 11. In addition, the projector module position controller 12 linearly moves the first and second projector units PjA and PjB through the linear drive mechanism parts 70 and 80 to adjust the position of each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB in the viewing distance direction to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position in the viewing distance direction of the observer detected by the viewpoint position detector 11.

[0250] The viewpoint position detector 11 includes a fine adjustment camera module 51 and a coarse adjustment camera module 52. The fine adjustment camera module 51 and the coarse adjustment camera module 52 each detect a viewpoint position of an observer, but are different from each other in a detection range described later.

[0251] In the eleventh embodiment, each of the turntables 50A and 50B corresponds to a specific example of a “rotational drive mechanism member” in the technology of the present disclosure.

[0252] In the eleventh embodiment, the fine adjustment camera module 51 corresponds to a specific example of a "first detector" in the technology of the present disclosure. In the ninth embodiment, the coarse adjustment camera module 52 corresponds to a specific example of a "second detector" in the technology of the present disclosure.

[0253] For example, Fig.37 As shown, the fine-tuning camera module 51 is included in each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB together with the first and second projector units PjA and PjB. It should be noted that Fig.37 An example is shown in which the fine adjustment camera module 51 is arranged between the first and second projector units PjA and PjB, but the arrangement of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB and the fine adjustment camera module 51 is not limited to Fig.37 Example shown.

[0254] For example, a plurality of (eg, two to four) coarse adjustment camera modules 52 are provided on the outer circumference of the housing 10. The coarse adjustment camera module 52 performs coarse adjustment to determine the number of people around the image display device 1J and their viewpoint positions are to be detected by the fine adjustment camera module 51.

[0255] The rotation center axis of each turntable 50A and 50B is substantially consistent with the center axis C1 of the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A. Each turntable 50A and 50B includes a hollow member 61 at the rotation center that allows the wiring 62 to be arranged, such as Fig.38 Examples of the wiring 62 include electric wiring and optical communication wiring coupled to the first and second projector units PjA and PjB.

[0256] In the case where a DC (direct current) motor is arranged at the rotation center as a mechanism for rotationally driving the turntables 50A and 50B, a configuration is adopted in which, as a position where the wiring 62 (e.g., electrical wiring or optical communication wiring) of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB arranged on the turntables 50A and 50B passes, the wiring 62 passes through the gap between the turntables 50A and 50B and the outer peripheral shell. Needless to say, in this case, the wiring 62 twists with the rotation, and the distance at which the circumference is rubbed increases, resulting in a high possibility of wiring breakage. In addition, due to the twisted wiring, the rotatable angle is greatly limited.

[0257] However, in the case where each of the turntables 50A and 50B has a hollow drive mechanism without a rotation axis around its center, rotation and twisting can be minimized, which allows a large rotation of a rotatable angle of several turns or more. Then, the rotation load can be reduced, which allows high-speed rotation. This improves durability. In addition, as with the image display device 1K according to the twelfth embodiment to be described later ( Figures 59 to 65), the projection component can be arranged in the hollow component, which increases the degree of freedom of optical design. For example, as with the image display device 1K according to the twelfth embodiment ( Figure 59 to Figure 65 ), a configuration in which an omnidirectional lens 310 is used may be adopted.

[0258] Fig.39 A first example of a projection state of the first projector unit PjA in the image display device 1J is schematically shown. Fig.40 A first example of the projection state of the second projector unit PjB in the image display device 1J is schematically shown.

[0259] like Fig.39 and Fig.40 As shown, projection light can be projected directly from the first and second projector units PjA and PjB onto the cylindrical surface of the transmissive cylindrical screen 2A. The observer can observe a three-dimensional image in the first and second projection areas Ar1 and Ar2. The fine-tuning camera module 51 can detect the viewpoint position of the observer within the range of the photographic area Arω (photographic angle of view) substantially similar to the first and second projection areas Ar1 and Ar2.

[0260] It should be noted that in each of the turntables 50A and 50B on the opposite (opposite) sides of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB, standard instruments 91A and 91B serving as shape marks for detecting viewpoint positions by the fine-tuning camera module 51 may be respectively provided.

[0261] Fig.41 A second example of the projection state of the first projector unit PjA in the image display device 1J is schematically shown. Fig.42 A second example of the projection state of the second projector unit PjB in the image display device 1J is schematically shown.

[0262] like Fig.41 and Fig.42 As shown, a reflective mirror 23 may be provided on the optical path of the projection light from each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB in each of the turntables 50A and 50B. Then, the projection light from each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB may be reflected by the reflective mirror 23 and then projected toward the cylindrical surface of the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A. In addition, for each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB, a relay lens 24 may be arranged on the optical path between each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB and the reflective mirror 23.

[0263] (Configuration example of rotation drive mechanism components)

[0264] Fig.43 and Fig.44 The main parts of a configuration example of the image display device 1J are schematically shown. Fig.45 An exploded state of main parts of a configuration example of the image display device 1J is schematically shown. Fig.46 The main parts of the configuration example of the image display device 1J are schematically shown. It should be noted that Figures 43 to 46 Shown with Fig.41 and Fig.42 As with the illustrated configuration example, this is a configuration example in the case where projection light from each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB is reflected by the reflection mirror 23 to be projected.

[0265] like Figures 43 to 46 As shown, for example, the rotary drive mechanism component includes a ring-type ultrasonic motor.

[0266] like Figures 43 to 46 As shown, under the respective turntables 50A and 50B, ring-type ultrasonic motors of different sizes are arranged, which makes it possible to drive each of the turntables 50A and 50B in the rotation direction. The turntables 50A and 50B can be rotationally driven without interference between the turntables 50A and 50B and the first and second projector units PjA and PjB. Wiring 62 such as electrical wiring and optical communication wiring of each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB is coupled from the middle hollow part 61 to the unillustrated system circuit part and the unillustrated power supply part arranged thereunder.

[0267] Fig.47 and Fig.48 A modified example of the rotation drive mechanism component in the image display device 1J is shown. Fig.47 A planar configuration example of a rotation drive mechanism component according to a modified example is schematically shown. Fig.48 An external configuration example of a rotation drive mechanism component according to a modified example is schematically shown.

[0268] like Fig.47 and Fig.48 As shown, the rotation drive mechanism component may have a structure including a gear drive type motor arranged on the outer circumference. Fig.47 and Fig.48 As shown, a turntable side gear 53 and a driving side gear 54 meshing with the turntable side gear 53 may be provided in the outer peripheral portion of each of the turntables 50A and 50B. The driving side gear 54 may be driven by a DC motor 55. The turntable side gear 53 may be driven by the DC motor 55 via the driving side gear 54.

[0269] In the case where the turntables 50A and 50B are rotationally driven according to the viewpoint position of the observer, the ring-type ultrasonic motor has a short start-up time and a short reversal time, which makes it possible to quickly follow the fine and fast behavior of the observer. In contrast, the gear drive motor configured on the periphery has a long start-up time and a long reversal time, but can follow the movement such as the observer's continuous and rapid movement in a certain direction at high speed. It is sufficient if a motor corresponding to the expected movement of the observer is selected. In addition, the use of these two motors makes the structure complicated, but makes it possible to follow both fine and fast behavior and movement such as continuous and rapid movement in a certain direction.

[0270] [11.2 Method for detecting viewpoint position]

[0271] Fig.49 The arrangement of the fine adjustment camera module 51 and the coarse adjustment camera module 52 in the image display device 1J is schematically shown. It should be noted that the fine adjustment camera module 51 incorporated in each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB enables the viewpoint position in each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB to be detected independently. The method of detecting the viewpoint position in each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB is similar; therefore, the method of detecting the viewpoint position is described below without distinguishing the first and second projector units PjA and PjB.

[0272] For example, the detection range of the viewpoint position by the fine-tuning camera module 51 is at least a partial range within the range (first and second projection areas Ar1 and Ar2) where the projection light (first projection light Lpj1 and second projection light Lpj2) of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 is actually projected. The fine-tuning camera module 51 detects the viewpoint position within a range near the area where the projection light is actually projected.

[0273] A plurality of coarse adjustment camera modules 52 are provided on the periphery of the housing 10 of the image display device 1J. The detection range of the viewpoint position by the plurality of coarse adjustment camera modules 52 includes, for example, the entire range in which the projection light can be projected. The plurality of coarse adjustment camera modules 52 detect the viewpoint position on, for example, substantially the entire periphery (i.e., 360° periphery) of the transmissive cylindrical screen 2A.

[0274] The coarse adjustment camera used in the coarse adjustment camera module 52 has been used in various human recognition technologies. However, the small camera module has a low spatial resolution, and there is a problem that it is impossible to accurately control the position with the projected image. Therefore, the fine adjustment camera module 51 is configured on the turntables 50A and 50B together with the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 that project the image. In this way, the fine adjustment camera module 51 rotates and moves simultaneously with the image, which makes it possible to improve the detection accuracy of the viewpoint position and the position adjustment accuracy of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 according to the viewpoint position.

[0275] In the image display device 1J, the coarse adjustment camera module 52 is capable of roughly tracking the viewpoint position of the observer; therefore, it is sufficient if the fine adjustment camera module 51 finely tracks the viewpoint position within a narrow range after roughly tracking the viewpoint position. This makes it possible to narrow the field of view of the detection lens system in the fine adjustment camera module 51. As an effect, the resolution per pixel can be finely controlled so as to capture only an image of a range close to the face or eyes of the observer.

[0276] Fig.50 A first example of a method of detecting a viewpoint position in the image display device 1J is schematically shown.

[0277] The first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 output the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 including the first and second detection marks Ir1 and Ir2, respectively. Fig.50 As shown, the first and second detection marks Ir1 and Ir2 are drawn in the vertical direction. The wavelength used as the first and second detection marks Ir1 and Ir2 is preferably a near infrared wavelength, but is not limited to the near infrared wavelength.

[0278] The fine-tuning camera module 51 detects the projection positions of the first and second detection marks Ir1 and Ir2 and the positions of the observer's eyes. The projector module position controller 12 calculates the difference between the projection positions of the first and second detection marks Ir1 and Ir2 and the observer's eye positions. For example, Fig.50 (A) shows an example in which the projection positions of the first and second detection marks Ir1 and Ir2 are moved to the right from both eyes of the observer when viewed from the fine adjustment camera module 51 . Fig.50 (B) shows an example in which the projection positions of the first and second detection marks Ir1 and Ir2 coincide with both eyes of the observer. Fig.50 (C) shows an example in which the projection positions of the first and second detection marks Ir1 and Ir2 are moved to the left from both eyes of the observer when viewed from the fine adjustment camera module 51 .

[0279] The projector module position controller 12 rotationally moves the turntables 50A and 50B based on the difference between the projection positions of the first and second detection marks Ir1 and Ir2 and the position of the observer's eyes, so as to adjust each of the rotational positions of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB to a position corresponding to the detected viewpoint position in the horizontal direction of the observer, for example.

[0280] In the case of performing color display, the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2 include, for example, three colors of light sources, namely, R (red), G (green) and B (blue). In this case, each of the first and second projector modules Pj1 and Pj2, for example, in addition to the three colors of light sources, also includes a near-infrared light source to output a viewpoint image partially including the first and second detection marks Ir1 and Ir2 in the vertical direction. In this case, the fine-tuning camera module 51 is configured to include a detection device with visible light sensitivity and near-infrared light sensitivity, thereby detecting the first and second detection marks Ir1 and Ir2. The fine-tuning camera module 51 has visible light sensitivity, which makes it possible to simultaneously detect the position of the eyes or face of the observer and the positions of the near-infrared first and second detection marks Ir1 and Ir2. The projector module position controller 12 rotationally moves the turntables 50A and 50B so that, for example, the positions of the first and second detection marks Ir1 and Ir2 coincide with the positions of the left eye 4L and the right eye 4R, and the position of each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB follows the viewpoint position of the observer. This allows tracking with extremely high accuracy. It should be noted that the fine-tuning camera module 51 may not be integrated into each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB as long as the fine-tuning camera module 51 is located on each of the turntables 50A and 50B.

[0281] Fig.51 A second example of a method of detecting a viewpoint position in the image display device 1J is schematically shown.

[0282] The image display device 1J may further include a shape mark that rotates and moves with the projection component. The fine-tuning camera module 51 may be able to detect the position of the shape mark relative to the observer and the position of the observer's eyes. The projector module position controller 12 may rotationally move the projection component based on the difference between the position of the shape mark relative to the observer and the position of the observer's eyes.

[0283] For example, standard instruments 91A and 91B as shape markers may be provided on the sides opposite to the first and second projector units PjA and PjB in the turntables 50A and 50B, respectively.

[0284] The fine-tuning camera module 51 detects the standard reference position 91C of each standard instrument 91A and 91B and the position of the observer's eyes. The projector module position controller 12 calculates the difference between the standard reference position 91C and the observer's eye position. For example, Fig.51 (A) shows an example in which the standard reference position 91C is moved to the right from both eyes of the observer when viewed from the fine adjustment camera module 51 . Fig.51 (B) shows an example in which the standard reference position 91C coincides with both eyes of the observer. Fig.51 (C) shows an example in which the standard reference position 91C is moved to the left from both eyes of the observer when viewed from the fine adjustment camera module 51 .

[0285] In this second detection method, it is not necessary to Fig.50 In the first detection method, a detection mark is included in the image to be projected. For example, a shape mark is configured at a position opposite to the fine-tuning camera module 51 on each of the turntables 50A and 50B, such as a protrusion of the structure, and tracking control is performed to adjust the position extending above the shape mark (standard reference position 91C) to the position of the observer's eyes or face. In this case, an infrared light source or the like that generates the detection mark in the first detection method is not required, thereby achieving a low-cost configuration.

[0286] [11.3 Example of linear drive mechanism of projector unit (projection part)]

[0287] In the image display device 1J, linear drive mechanism components 70 and 80 are provided on both sides of the first projector unit PjA and the second projector unit PjB. This allows the first and second projector units PjA and PjB to move linearly in a direction (observation distance direction) orthogonal to the rotational movement direction. This makes it possible to adjust the light gathering position (focal position) of the projection light from each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB. The linear drive mechanism components 70 and 80 may include a direct-acting ultrasonic motor or a stepping motor.

[0288] (Linear drive mechanism using ultrasonic motor)

[0289] Fig.52 and Fig.53 A first example of the linear drive mechanism of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB in the image display device 1J is schematically shown. Fig.52 A plane composition example is shown. Fig.53 An external configuration example is shown.

[0290] The linear drive mechanism component 70 may have a structure including a shaft 71 , a turntable-side bearing 72 , a turntable-side bearing 73 , a bearing 74 , a pressurizing spring 75 , a weight 76 , and a piezoelectric device 77 .

[0291] The linear drive mechanism component 80 may have a structure including a shaft 81 , a turntable-side bearing 82 , a turntable-side bearing 83 , and a bearing 84 .

[0292] Each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB can move linearly along the shaft 71 of the linear drive mechanism part 70 and the shaft 81 of the linear drive mechanism part 80. The linear drive mechanism part 70 includes an ultrasonic motor. The counterweight 76 is a counterweight with a high specific gravity for receiving the vibration of the piezoelectric device 77 as a vibration source. The stacked piezoelectric device 77 is joined to the front end of the counterweight 76. The shaft 71 for transmitting the driving force with a sawtooth vibration waveform is located at the front end of the piezoelectric device 77, and the bearing 74 formed in each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB receives the movement of the shaft 71. A pressurizing spring 75 is added to the bearing 74, thereby generating a strong sliding friction between the shaft 71 and the bearing 74.

[0293] Fig.54 An example of the driving principle of an ultrasonic motor is schematically shown. Fig.55 The relationship between the driving voltage (driving waveform) of the ultrasonic motor and the displacement of the movable member is schematically shown. Fig.55 The positions of (A), (B) and (C) of the driving waveform in correspond to Fig.54 The states of (A), (B) and (C).

[0294] In the case where the linear drive mechanism part 80 is not driven, the first projector unit PjA and the second projector unit PjB each remain at their linear positions ( Fig.54 (A)). Fig.55 In the case where the sawtooth drive is performed as shown, the first and second projector units PjA and PjB each slide in the direction in which the inclination of the waveform is steep, and follow in the direction in which the inclination of the waveform is gentle; therefore, the first and second projector units PjA and PjB each move in one direction ( Fig.54 (B) and (C)). The direct-acting ultrasonic motor has a short start-up time and a short reversal time, which makes it possible to quickly follow the observer's delicate and fast behaviors.

[0295] (Linear drive mechanism using stepper motor)

[0296] Fig.56 A second example of the linear drive mechanism of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB in the image display device 1J is schematically shown. Fig.56 A plane composition example is shown.

[0297] The linear drive mechanism component 70 may have a structure including a turntable-side front end pivot bearing 72A, a turntable-side bearing 73 , a bearing 74 , a toothed pressure spring 75A, a lead screw 78 , and a stepping motor 79 .

[0298] The linear drive mechanism component 80 may have a structure including a shaft 81 , a turntable-side bearing 82 , a turntable-side bearing 83 , and a bearing 84 .

[0299] Each of the first and second projector units PjA and PjB can be linearly moved along the shaft 71 of the linear drive mechanism part 70 and the lead screw 78 of the linear drive mechanism part 80. The teeth of the lead screw 78 are engaged with the teeth of the toothed pressurizing spring 75A. Therefore, rotating the lead screw 78 by the stepping motor 79 enables the first and second projector units PjA and PjB engaged to the toothed pressurizing spring 75A to be linearly moved.

[0300] Fig.57 and Fig.58 An example of the driving principle of the stepping motor 79 is schematically shown.

[0301] The stepping motor 79 includes, for example, a circular stator around which a plurality of coils L1, L2, L3, and L4 are wound and a rotor including a magnet. The rotor is rotatably arranged in the middle of the inner peripheral side of the stator.

[0302] The rotation angle of the rotor is determined by which of the multiple coils L1, L2, L3 and L4 the current passes. Fig.57 The state where current passes through the coil L1 is shown. In this case, the coil L1 becomes an electromagnet (e.g., S pole), and the end of the rotor in the middle (e.g., N pole) is attracted by the magnetic force of the coil L1 to rotate the rotor, and the rotor stops at a position opposite to the coil L1. In addition, Fig.58 The state where current passes through the coil L2 is shown. In this case, the coil L2 becomes an electromagnet (e.g., S pole), and the end of the rotor in the middle (e.g., N pole) is attracted by the magnetic force of the coil L2 to rotate the rotor, and the rotor stops at a position opposite to the coil L2. It should be noted that Fig.57 and Fig.58 Only an example in which the step angle is 90° is shown; however, increasing the number of poles of the rotor and the stator makes it possible to reduce the step angle.

[0303] (Other linear drive mechanisms)

[0304] In addition, a configuration can also be used as a linear drive mechanism in which a rack and pinion DC motor is used. The rack and pinion DC motor has a long start-up time and a long reversal time, but can follow movements such as continuous and rapid movement of an observer in a certain direction at high speed. The linear drive mechanism using a stepper motor has intermediate performance between the two characteristics of a linear drive mechanism using a rack and pinion DC motor and a linear drive mechanism using an ultrasonic motor. It is sufficient if a motor corresponding to the expected movement of the observer is selected. In addition, the use of these two different systems complicates the configuration, but makes it possible to follow both delicate and rapid behaviors and movements such as continuous and rapid movement in a certain direction.

[0305] Other configurations, operations, and effects may be basically similar to those of the image display device 1 according to the above-described first embodiment, the image display device according to the above-described fifth embodiment, the image display device 1E according to the above-described sixth embodiment, and the like.

[0306] <12. Twelfth Embodiment>

[0307] Next, an image display device according to a twelfth embodiment of the present disclosure is described. It should be noted that in the following description, components substantially the same as those of the image display device according to any of the first to eleventh embodiments described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their description is appropriately omitted.

[0308] Fig.59 An outline of the appearance of an image display device 1K according to a twelfth embodiment is shown. Fig.60 A main part of a configuration example of the image display device 1K is schematically shown. Fig.61 A main part of a configuration example of a side cross-section of the image display device 1K is schematically shown. Fig.62 A first example of a projection state of the image display device 1K is schematically shown. Fig.63 A second example of the projection state of the image display device 1K is schematically shown.

[0309] Like the image display device 1J according to the eleventh embodiment, the image display device 1K according to the twelfth embodiment includes a transmissive cylindrical screen 2A. In addition, the image display device 1K includes a first projector unit PjA having a configuration similar to that in the image display device 1J according to the eleventh embodiment as a projection section.

[0310] The image display device 1K includes an omnidirectional lens 310 disposed below the transmissive cylindrical screen 2A. The upper portion of the omnidirectional lens 310 is a reflective surface 311 .

[0311] In addition, the image display device 1K includes a reflective member 313 disposed below the omnidirectional lens 310. The upper middle portion of the housing 10 and the middle portion of the reflective member 313 form a hollow member 320. The inner surface of the reflective member 313 is a reflective surface 312.

[0312] The first projector unit PjA is configured to output the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 to the reflection surface 311 of the omnidirectional lens 310. In the hollow member 320, a relay lens 321 may be arranged on the optical paths of the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2.

[0313] The first projector unit PjA is configured to be rotatably moved over the entire periphery by a rotation drive mechanism such as a ring-type ultrasonic motor in the hollow member 320. In addition, the first projector unit PjA includes a linear drive mechanism having a configuration similar to that in the image display device 1J according to the eleventh embodiment, and is rotated in the vertical direction ( Figures 59 to 63 It can move linearly in the Y direction.

[0314] In the image display device 1K, as shown in FIG. Figures 61 to 63 As shown, the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 from the first projector unit PjA are reflected by the reflection surface 311 of the upper part of the omnidirectional lens 310, and then further reflected by the reflection surface 312 of the reflection member 313 arranged below the omnidirectional lens 310. The first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 reflected by the reflection surface 312 are output to the cylindrical surface of the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A via the omnidirectional lens 310. The first projector unit PjA is rotationally moved over the entire circumference to form a projection image 330 by the first projection light Lpj1 and the second projection light Lpj2 over the entire circumference of the reflection surface 312. The projection image 330 formed on the reflection surface 312 is observed by the observer via the omnidirectional lens 310 and the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A. This enables the observer to observe the projection image 330 over the entire circumference of the transmission type cylindrical screen 2A. Fig.62 and Fig.63 The projection state of the image display device 1K in the case where observers are located at positions different from each other is schematically illustrated.

[0315] (Modified example)

[0316] Fig.64 A first modified example of the image display device according to the twelfth embodiment is schematically shown. Fig.65 A second modified example of the image display device according to the twelfth embodiment is shown.

[0317] The outer shapes of the omnidirectional lens 310 and the reflective member 313 are not limited to Figures 59 to 63In addition, the omnidirectional lens 310 and the reflective component 313 may be formed by different components. Fig.64 As shown in FIG. 3 , a configuration including an omnidirectional lens 310A having an outer diameter different from the outer diameter of the reflective member 313 may be adopted. Fig.65 As shown, a configuration including a reflective member 313A having a reflective surface 313 with a straight cross section may be employed.

[0318] Furthermore, the omnidirectional lens 310 is not limited to a configuration in which the inside thereof is completely filled with a glass material or a transparent resin material, and may have a configuration including a hollow member.

[0319] Other configurations, operations, and effects may be basically similar to those of the image display device 1J according to the above-described eleventh embodiment.

[0320] <13. Other embodiments>

[0321] The technology according to the present disclosure is not limited to the description of the above-mentioned embodiments and may be modified in various ways.

[0322] For example, the present technology may have any of the following configurations. According to the present technology having the following configuration, a multi-viewpoint image with high display quality can be displayed in a wide range without increasing the configuration size thereof.

[0323] (1) An image display device comprising:

[0324] a projection component, at least a portion of which is rotatably movable, and the projection component outputs projection light that forms at least one viewpoint image;

[0325] A light collecting component for collecting the projection light;

[0326] a diffusion member that diffuses the projection light to cause a relatively narrow diffusion in a horizontal direction and a relatively wide diffusion in a vertical direction;

[0327] a detector for detecting a viewpoint position of an observer; and

[0328] The controller rotationally moves at least the portion of the projection member to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position detected by the detector.

[0329] (2) The image display device according to (1), wherein at least the portion of the projection section is rotationally moved so that a projection elevation angle relative to the diffusion member is constant.

[0330] (3) The image display device according to (1) or (2), wherein

[0331] The projection unit is configured to adjust a light focusing position of the projection light, and

[0332] The controller controls the projection component to adjust a light focusing position of the projection light to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position detected by the detector.

[0333] (4) The image display device according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the diffusion member diffuses the projection light to have a diffusion distribution that is close to a rectangular shape in a horizontal direction.

[0334] (5) The image display device according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the projection section outputs projection light that forms three or more viewpoint images.

[0335] (6) The image display device according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein

[0336] A plurality of projection components are provided.

[0337] The detector is configured to detect the viewpoint positions of a plurality of observers.

[0338] At least a portion of each of the plurality of projection components is rotatably movable, and

[0339] The controller rotationally moves at least the part of the plurality of projection components to respective positions corresponding to viewpoint positions of different observers detected by the detector.

[0340] (7) The image display device according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the light collecting member includes a reflective holographic optical element formed on a cylindrical surface.

[0341] (8) An image display device according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the light collecting component has a cylindrical surface having a lens function, the lens function being equivalent to a configuration in which two cylindrical lenses having thicknesses equal to their respective focal lengths are opposed to each other.

[0342] (9) The image display device according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the light collecting member includes a flat surface having a lens function equivalent to that of a Fresnel lens.

[0343] (10) The image display device according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the projection section includes a rotatably movable Fresnel lens.

[0344] (11) The image display device according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the projection section includes a rotationally movable decentered Fresnel lens.

[0345] (12) The image display device according to any one of (1) to (6), further including a rotational drive mechanism component that is hollow at a rotation center to allow arrangement of wiring and rotationally moves the projection component.

[0346] (13) The image display device according to (12), wherein the wiring includes an electric wiring and an optical communication wiring coupled to the projection section.

[0347] (14) The image display device according to (6), wherein:

[0348] The plurality of projection components are arranged on different planes from each other or on different circumferences from each other so that at least the parts are rotatably movable independently of each other, and

[0349] The controller rotationally moves at least the parts of the plurality of projection components independently of each other to respective positions corresponding to viewpoint positions of different observers detected by the detector.

[0350] (15) The image display device according to (12) or (13), wherein the rotation drive mechanism component includes a ring-type ultrasonic motor or a gear drive type motor arranged on the outer circumference.

[0351] (16) The image display device according to (3), wherein the projection component includes a direct-acting ultrasonic motor or a stepping motor, and is configured to adjust a light focusing position of the projection light by linearly moving the direct-acting ultrasonic motor or the stepping motor.

[0352] (17) The image display device according to any one of (1) to (16), wherein the detector includes first and second detectors having detection ranges different from each other.

[0353] (18) The image display device according to (17), wherein:

[0354] The detection range of the first detector is at least a part of the range where the projection light is actually projected, and

[0355] The detection range of the second detector includes the entire range in which the projection light can be projected.

[0356] (19) The image display device according to (17) or (18), wherein:

[0357] The projection component outputs projection light including the detection mark,

[0358] The first detector is configured to detect a projection position of the detection mark and a position of an eye of the observer, and

[0359] The controller rotationally moves at least the portion of the projection member based on a difference between a projection position of the detection mark and a position of an eye of the observer.

[0360] (20) The image display device according to (17) or (18), further comprising a shape mark that moves rotationally together with at least the portion of the projection component, wherein

[0361] The first detector is configured to detect the position of the shape marker relative to the observer and the position of the observer's eyes, and

[0362] The controller rotationally moves at least the portion of the projection component based on a difference between a position of the shape marker relative to the observer and a position of the observer's eyes.

[0363] This application claims the benefit of Japanese Priority Patent Application No. 2018-205353 filed in the Japan Patent Office on October 31, 2018, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0364] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alterations may occur depending on design requirements and other factors insofar as they are within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. An image display device, comprising: A plurality of projection components, wherein the interval between each of the plurality of projection components is variable, at least a portion of each of the plurality of projection components is rotatably movable, and each of the plurality of projection components outputs projection light forming at least one viewpoint image; A light collecting component for collecting the projection light; a diffusion member that diffuses the projection light to cause a relatively narrow diffusion in a horizontal direction and a relatively wide diffusion in a vertical direction; a detector for detecting respective viewpoint positions of a plurality of observers; as well as a controller that controls a position of each of the plurality of projection components and an interval between each of the plurality of projection components to adjust respective light focusing positions of the projection lights to positions corresponding to viewpoint positions in an observation distance direction detected by the detector, The projection component outputs projection light including a detection mark, and wherein the projection position of the detection mark and the position of an observer's eyes are detectable, and the controller rotationally moves at least the portion of the projection component based on a difference between the projection position of the detection mark and the position of the observer's eyes.

2. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein: At least the portion of the projection component is rotationally moved so that a projection elevation angle relative to the diffusion member is constant.

3. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein The projection unit is configured to adjust a light focusing position of the projection light, and The controller controls the projection component to adjust a light focusing position of the projection light to a position corresponding to the viewpoint position detected by the detector.

4. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein: The diffusion member diffuses the projection light to have a nearly rectangular diffusion distribution in the horizontal direction. 5 . The image display device according to claim 1 , wherein the projection section outputs projection light that forms three or more viewpoint images.

6. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein the light collecting part comprises a reflective holographic optical element formed on a cylindrical surface.

7. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein the light collecting member has a cylindrical surface having a lens function equivalent to a configuration in which two cylindrical lenses having thicknesses equal to respective focal lengths are opposed to each other. 8 . The image display device according to claim 1 , wherein the light collecting member includes a flat surface having a lens function equivalent to a Fresnel lens.

9. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein the projection section includes a rotatably movable Fresnel lens.

10. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein the projection part comprises a rotationally movable decentered Fresnel lens. 11 . The image display device according to claim 1 , further comprising a rotational drive mechanism part which is hollow at a rotation center to allow arrangement of wiring and rotationally moves the projection part. 12 . The image display device according to claim 11 , wherein the wiring includes an electric wiring and an optical communication wiring coupled to the projection section.

13. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein The plurality of projection components are arranged on different planes from each other or on different circumferences from each other so that at least the parts are rotatably movable independently of each other, and The controller rotationally moves at least the parts of the plurality of projection components independently of each other to respective positions corresponding to viewpoint positions of different observers detected by the detector.

14. The image display device according to claim 11, wherein the rotation driving mechanism part comprises a ring-type ultrasonic motor or a gear drive type motor arranged on an outer circumference.

15. The image display device according to claim 3, wherein the projection part includes a direct-acting ultrasonic motor or a stepping motor, and is configured to adjust a light focusing position of the projection light by linearly moving by the direct-acting ultrasonic motor or the stepping motor.

16. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein the detector includes first and second detectors having detection ranges different from each other.

17. The image display device according to claim 16, wherein The detection range of the first detector is at least a part of the range where the projection light is actually projected, and The detection range of the second detector includes the entire range in which the projection light can be projected.

18. The image display device according to claim 16, wherein The first detector is configured to detect the projection position of the detection mark and the position of the observer's eyes.

19. The image display device according to claim 16, further comprising a shape mark that moves rotationally together with at least the portion of the projection member, wherein The first detector is configured to detect a position of the shape marker relative to an observer and a position of an eye of the observer, and The controller rotationally moves at least the portion of the projection component based on a difference between a position of the shape marker relative to the observer and a position of the observer's eyes.

Images