Voltage-controlled oscillator and phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer

Abstract

The present invention discloses a voltage-controlled oscillator and a phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer, which includes a ring oscillator module, a frequency adjustment module and a gain adjustment module. The first end of the ring oscillator module is connected to the power supply end, and the second end of the ring oscillator module is respectively connected to the first end of the frequency adjustment module and the first end of the gain adjustment module; the second end of the frequency adjustment module and the second end of the gain adjustment module are commonly connected to the ground end; the third end of the frequency adjustment module is connected to the control voltage, and the third end of the gain adjustment module is connected to the regulating controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer. The frequency adjustment module of the present invention adjusts the output frequency of the oscillation signal in a manner not greater than the first adjustment accuracy according to the control voltage; the gain adjustment module adjusts the output frequency of the oscillation signal and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not less than the second adjustment accuracy according to the reference clock control signal, which can reduce the gain deviation and eliminate the phase noise generated by the bias circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ring oscillators, and in particular to a voltage-controlled oscillator and a phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer. Background Art

[0002] This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the invention recited in the claims. No admission is made that the description herein is prior art by inclusion in this section.

[0003] The ring oscillator is composed of several inverters connected end to end. The inverters themselves contribute 180 degrees of phase shift, and each node together contributes an additional 180 degrees of phase shift. When the gain of the signal after passing through these inverters is greater than 0dB, it will be easy to meet the oscillation conditions. The inverter can be single-phase or differential. The single-phase ring oscillator has a simple structure and is easier to obtain a higher oscillation frequency. The ring oscillator with a differential inverter structure is more suitable for application scenarios with high system noise, because the differential structure is more conducive to suppressing system noise.

[0004] Ring oscillators are often used in phase-locked loop frequency synthesizers. In this case, the ring oscillator will be appropriately modified to achieve the purpose of controlling the output frequency by the input voltage. This modified ring oscillator whose output frequency can be controlled by the input voltage is referred to as a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO). In existing voltage-controlled oscillators, it is generally composed of a bias circuit, a ring oscillation circuit, and a control voltage-to-current circuit. However, when the existing voltage-controlled oscillator is used in a phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer, there are problems such as excessive gain deviation, excessive phase noise, and complex frequency adjustment. It is difficult to ensure that the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer is locked to the target frequency in all temperature ranges and under the existence of manufacturing deviations, and it is also difficult to ensure that the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer outputs a stable and high-quality clock.

[0005] Therefore, the existing voltage-controlled oscillator has the problems of large gain deviation and large phase noise. Summary of the invention

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a voltage-controlled oscillator, which is connected to a power supply terminal and a ground terminal respectively, so as to reduce gain deviation and phase noise. The voltage-controlled oscillator includes:

[0007] Ring oscillation module, frequency adjustment module and gain adjustment module;

[0008] The first end of the ring oscillation module is connected to the power supply end, and the second end of the ring oscillation module is respectively connected to the first end of the frequency adjustment module and the first end of the gain adjustment module; the third end of the ring oscillation module is the output end of the ring oscillation module;

[0009] The second end of the frequency adjustment module and the second end of the gain adjustment module are connected to the ground terminal; the third end of the frequency adjustment module is connected to the control voltage, and the third end of the gain adjustment module is connected to the adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer;

[0010] A ring oscillator module, used to generate an oscillation signal of a voltage-controlled oscillator;

[0011] A frequency adjustment module, used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not greater than a first adjustment accuracy according to the control voltage;

[0012] The gain adjustment module is used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not less than a second adjustment accuracy according to the reference clock control signal output by the adjustment controller.

[0013] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a voltage-controlled oscillator, which is connected to a power supply terminal and a ground terminal respectively, so as to reduce gain deviation and phase noise. The voltage-controlled oscillator includes:

[0014] Ring oscillation module, frequency adjustment module and gain adjustment module;

[0015] The first end of the gain adjustment module and the first end of the ring oscillation module are connected to the power supply end, the second end of the gain adjustment module and the second end of the ring oscillation module are connected to the first end of the frequency adjustment module; the second end of the frequency adjustment module is connected to the ground end;

[0016] The third end of the ring oscillation module is the output end of the ring oscillation module, the third end of the frequency adjustment module is connected to the control voltage, and the third end of the gain adjustment module is connected to the automatic adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer;

[0017] A ring oscillator module, used to generate an oscillation signal of a voltage-controlled oscillator;

[0018] A frequency adjustment module, used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not greater than a first adjustment accuracy according to the control voltage;

[0019] The gain adjustment module is used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not less than a second adjustment accuracy according to the reference clock control signal output by the adjustment controller.

[0020] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a voltage-controlled oscillator, which is connected to a power supply terminal and a ground terminal respectively, so as to reduce gain deviation and phase noise. The voltage-controlled oscillator includes:

[0021] Ring oscillation module, frequency adjustment module and gain adjustment module;

[0022] The first end of the gain adjustment module and the first end of the frequency adjustment module are connected to the power supply end, the second end of the gain adjustment module and the second end of the frequency adjustment module are connected to the first end of the ring oscillation module, and the second end of the ring oscillation module is connected to the ground end;

[0023] The third end of the ring oscillation module is the output end of the ring oscillation module, the third end of the frequency adjustment module is connected to the control voltage, and the third end of the gain adjustment module is connected to the automatic adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer;

[0024] A ring oscillator module, used to generate an oscillation signal of a voltage-controlled oscillator;

[0025] A frequency adjustment module, used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not greater than a first adjustment accuracy according to the control voltage;

[0026] The gain adjustment module is used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not less than a second adjustment accuracy according to the reference clock control signal output by the adjustment controller.

[0027] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a voltage-controlled oscillator, which is connected to a power supply terminal and a ground terminal respectively, so as to reduce gain deviation and phase noise. The voltage-controlled oscillator includes:

[0028] Ring oscillation module, frequency adjustment module and gain adjustment module;

[0029] The first end of the frequency adjustment module is connected to the power supply end, the second end of the frequency adjustment module and the first end of the gain adjustment module are connected to the first end of the ring oscillation module, and the second end of the gain adjustment module and the second end of the ring oscillation module are connected to the ground end;

[0030] The third end of the ring oscillation module is the output end of the ring oscillation module, the third end of the frequency adjustment module is connected to the control voltage, and the third end of the gain adjustment module is connected to the automatic adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer;

[0031] A ring oscillator module, used to generate an oscillation signal of a voltage-controlled oscillator;

[0032] A frequency adjustment module, used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not greater than a first adjustment accuracy according to the control voltage;

[0033] The gain adjustment module is used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not less than a second adjustment accuracy according to the reference clock control signal output by the adjustment controller.

[0034] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer, wherein the phase-locked loop includes the voltage-controlled oscillator described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0035] In an embodiment of the present invention, the voltage-controlled oscillator includes a ring oscillation module, a frequency adjustment module and a gain adjustment module. The first end of the ring oscillation module is connected to the power supply end, and the second end of the ring oscillation module is respectively connected to the first end of the frequency adjustment module and the first end of the gain adjustment module; the third end of the ring oscillation module is the output end of the ring oscillation module; the second end of the frequency adjustment module and the second end of the gain adjustment module are commonly connected to the ground end; the third end of the frequency adjustment module is connected to the control voltage, and the third end of the gain adjustment module is connected to the adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer. The frequency adjustment module of the embodiment of the present invention can adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not greater than the first adjustment accuracy according to the control voltage; the gain adjustment module can adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not less than the second adjustment accuracy according to the reference clock control signal output by the adjustment controller, thereby reducing the gain deviation; at the same time, since the voltage-controlled oscillator removes the bias circuit, the phase noise generated by the bias circuit is eliminated, thereby reducing the phase noise. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of an existing voltage-controlled oscillator provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0038] Figure 2 A functional module diagram of a voltage-controlled oscillator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 A functional module diagram of a voltage-controlled oscillator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 A functional module diagram of a voltage-controlled oscillator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 A functional module diagram of a voltage-controlled oscillator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 A functional module diagram of a voltage-controlled oscillator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 A structural block diagram of a ring oscillation module 101 in a voltage-controlled oscillator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 A structural block diagram of a frequency adjustment module 102 in a voltage controlled oscillator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig. 9 A structural block diagram of a gain adjustment module 103 in a voltage controlled oscillator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.10 A circuit diagram of a voltage-controlled oscillator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.11 Another circuit structure diagram of a voltage-controlled oscillator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the structure of a phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Here, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0050] Figure 1 The circuit structure of the existing voltage-controlled oscillator provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown. For the convenience of explanation, only the part related to the embodiment of the present invention is shown, which is described in detail as follows:

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, the existing voltage-controlled oscillator is connected to the power supply end and the ground end respectively, and the voltage-controlled oscillator includes five parts: a current bias circuit, a current copy circuit, a gain adjustment circuit, a ring oscillation circuit and a waveform shaping module.

[0052] The resistor R1, the MOS tube MP04, the MOS tube MN04 and the resistor R2 together form a current bias circuit. The control signal BIASCODE is used to adjust the process deviation of the bias current. This signal needs to be provided by an additional process deviation detection circuit.

[0053] MOS tube MN05 and resistor R3 together form a current copy circuit. The reference clock control signal FSWCODE is used to control the current copy ratio to roughly adjust (adjust in a manner not less than the second adjustment accuracy) the oscillation frequency of the ring oscillator. This control signal is provided by the adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer to control the ring oscillator to operate at the required frequency.

[0054] MOS tube MN06 is a gain adjustment circuit of the ring oscillator, and is used to adjust the gain of the ring oscillator in conjunction with the control signal VICCODE. The setting of this control signal changes with the change of the frequency that the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer needs to lock.

[0055] MOS tube MP01, MOS tube MP02, MOS tube MP03, MOS tube MN01, MOS tube MN02 and MOS tube MN03 constitute a three-stage ring oscillation circuit, whose oscillation frequency is controlled by the current bias circuit and current copy circuit mentioned above, and whose gain is controlled by the gain control circuit mentioned above.

[0056] C0 is the filter capacitor of the power supply required by the ring oscillator, which is used to stabilize the oscillation frequency of the oscillator.

[0057] LSDCC is a waveform shaping circuit, which receives a sine-like waveform signal from the output node OUT of the ring oscillator and shapes it into a rectangular wave required by the output system through an internal circuit.

[0058] Figure 2 The functional modules of the voltage-controlled oscillator provided by the first embodiment of the present invention are shown. For the convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, which are described in detail as follows:

[0059] like Figure 2 As shown, the voltage controlled oscillator is connected to the power supply terminal Vdd and the ground terminal GND respectively, and the voltage controlled oscillator includes:

[0060] Ring oscillation module 101, frequency adjustment module 102 and gain adjustment module 103;

[0061] The first end ① of the ring oscillation module 101 is connected to the power supply end Vdd, and the second end ② of the ring oscillation module 101 is respectively connected to the first end ① of the frequency adjustment module 102 and the first end ① of the gain adjustment module 103; the third end ③ of the ring oscillation module 101 is the output end of the ring oscillation module 101;

[0062] The second end ② of the frequency adjustment module 102 and the second end ② of the gain adjustment module 103 are connected to the ground terminal GND; the third end ③ of the frequency adjustment module 102 is connected to the control voltage Vcnt, and the third end ③ of the gain adjustment module 103 is connected to the adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer;

[0063] The ring oscillation module 101 is used to generate an oscillation signal of a voltage-controlled oscillator;

[0064] The frequency adjustment module 102 is used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage controlled oscillator in a manner not greater than a first adjustment accuracy according to the control voltage Vcnt;

[0065] The gain adjustment module 103 is used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage controlled oscillator in a manner not less than a second adjustment accuracy according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller.

[0066] The voltage controlled oscillator provided by the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for the situation where the output frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator oscillation signal of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer needs to increase with the increase of the control voltage Vcnt, and the voltage of the power supply terminal Vdd is not very low.

[0067] The frequency adjustment module 102 adjusts the output frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator oscillation signal in a manner not greater than the first adjustment accuracy according to the control voltage Vcnt, that is, the frequency adjustment module 102 fine-tunes the output frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillation signal according to the control voltage Vcnt. The gain adjustment module 103 adjusts the output frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillation signal and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not less than the second adjustment accuracy according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller, that is, the gain adjustment module 103 coarsely adjusts the output frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillation signal and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller.

[0068] The first adjustment precision is less than or much less than the second adjustment precision, and the first adjustment precision and the second adjustment precision are preset by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions and specific requirements. For example, the first adjustment precision is 0.3 GHz / step, and the second adjustment precision is 0.01 GHz / mV; or the first adjustment precision is 0.4 GHz / step, and the second adjustment precision is 0.005 GHz / mV. The embodiment of the present invention does not impose any special restrictions on this.

[0069] In the embodiment of the present invention, the voltage controlled oscillator includes a ring oscillation module 101, a frequency adjustment module 102 and a gain adjustment module 103, wherein a first end ① of the ring oscillation module 101 is connected to a power supply terminal Vdd, and a second end ② of the ring oscillation module 101 is respectively connected to a first end ① of the frequency adjustment module 102 and a first end ① of the gain adjustment module 103; a third end ③ of the ring oscillation module 101 is an output end of the ring oscillation module 101; a second end ② of the frequency adjustment module 102 and a second end ② of the gain adjustment module 103 are commonly connected to a ground terminal GND; a third end ③ of the frequency adjustment module 102 is connected to a control voltage Vcnt, and a third end ③ of the gain adjustment module 103 is connected to a regulation controller of a phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer. The frequency adjustment module 102 of the embodiment of the present invention can adjust (fine-tune) the output frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator oscillation signal in a manner not greater than the first adjustment accuracy according to the control voltage Vcnt; the gain adjustment module 103 can adjust (coarse-tune) the output frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator oscillation signal and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not less than the second adjustment accuracy according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller, thereby reducing the gain deviation; at the same time, since the voltage-controlled oscillator removes the bias circuit, the phase noise generated by the bias circuit is eliminated, thereby reducing the phase noise.

[0070] Figure 3 The functional modules of the voltage-controlled oscillator provided by the second embodiment of the present invention are shown. For the convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, which are described in detail as follows:

[0071] like Figure 3 As shown, the voltage controlled oscillator is connected to the power supply terminal Vdd and the ground terminal GND respectively, and the voltage controlled oscillator includes:

[0072] Ring oscillation module 101, frequency adjustment module 102 and gain adjustment module 103;

[0073] The first end ① of the gain adjustment module 103 and the first end ① of the ring oscillation module 101 are connected to the power supply terminal Vdd, the second end ② of the gain adjustment module 103 and the second end ② of the ring oscillation module 101 are connected to the first end ① of the frequency adjustment module 102; the second end ② of the frequency adjustment module 102 is connected to the ground terminal GND;

[0074] The third terminal ③ of the ring oscillation module 101 is the output terminal of the ring oscillation module 101, the third terminal ③ of the frequency adjustment module 102 is connected to the control voltage Vcnt, and the third terminal ③ of the gain adjustment module 103 is connected to the automatic adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer;

[0075] The ring oscillation module 101 is used to generate an oscillation signal of a voltage-controlled oscillator;

[0076] The frequency adjustment module 102 is used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage controlled oscillator in a manner not greater than a first adjustment accuracy according to the control voltage Vcnt;

[0077] The gain adjustment module 103 is used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage controlled oscillator in a manner not less than a second adjustment accuracy according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller.

[0078] The voltage controlled oscillator provided by the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for the situation where the output frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator oscillation signal of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer needs to increase with the increase of the control voltage Vcnt, and the voltage of the power supply terminal Vdd is very low.

[0079] In the embodiment of the present invention, the voltage controlled oscillator includes a ring oscillation module 101, a frequency adjustment module 102 and a gain adjustment module 103. The first end ① of the gain adjustment module 103 and the first end ① of the ring oscillation module 101 are connected to the power supply terminal Vdd, the second end ② of the gain adjustment module 103 and the second end ② of the ring oscillation module 101 are connected to the first end ① of the frequency adjustment module 102; the second end ② of the frequency adjustment module 102 is connected to the ground terminal GND; the third end ③ of the ring oscillation module 101 is the output end of the ring oscillation module 101, the third end ③ of the frequency adjustment module 102 is connected to the control voltage Vcnt, and the third end ③ of the gain adjustment module 103 is connected to the automatic adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer. The frequency adjustment module 102 of the embodiment of the present invention can adjust the output frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator oscillation signal in a manner not greater than the first adjustment accuracy according to the control voltage Vcnt; the gain adjustment module 103 can adjust the output frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillation signal and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not less than the second adjustment accuracy according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller, thereby reducing the gain deviation; at the same time, since the voltage-controlled oscillator removes the bias circuit, the phase noise generated by the bias circuit is eliminated, thereby reducing the phase noise.

[0080] Figure 4 The functional modules of the voltage-controlled oscillator provided by the third embodiment of the present invention are shown. For the convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, which are described in detail as follows:

[0081] like Figure 4 As shown, the voltage controlled oscillator is connected to the power supply terminal Vdd and the ground terminal GND respectively, and the voltage controlled oscillator includes:

[0082] Ring oscillation module 101, frequency adjustment module 102 and gain adjustment module 103;

[0083] The first end ① of the gain adjustment module 103 and the first end ① of the frequency adjustment module 102 are connected to the power supply terminal Vdd, the second end ② of the gain adjustment module 103 and the second end ② of the frequency adjustment module 102 are connected to the first end ① of the ring oscillation module 101, and the second end ② of the ring oscillation module 101 is connected to the ground terminal GND;

[0084] The third terminal ③ of the ring oscillation module 101 is the output terminal of the ring oscillation module 101, the third terminal ③ of the frequency adjustment module 102 is connected to the control voltage Vcnt, and the third terminal ③ of the gain adjustment module 103 is connected to the automatic adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer;

[0085] The ring oscillation module 101 is used to generate an oscillation signal of a voltage-controlled oscillator;

[0086] The frequency adjustment module 102 is used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage controlled oscillator in a manner not greater than a first adjustment accuracy according to the control voltage Vcnt;

[0087] The gain adjustment module 103 is used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage controlled oscillator in a manner not less than a second adjustment accuracy according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller.

[0088] The voltage controlled oscillator provided by the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for the situation where the output frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator oscillation signal of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer needs to decrease with the increase of the control voltage Vcnt, and the power supply terminal Vdd voltage is not very low.

[0089] In the embodiment of the present invention, the voltage controlled oscillator includes a ring oscillation module 101, a frequency adjustment module 102 and a gain adjustment module 103. The first end ① of the gain adjustment module 103 and the first end ① of the frequency adjustment module 102 are connected to the power supply terminal Vdd, the second end ② of the gain adjustment module 103 and the second end ② of the frequency adjustment module 102 are connected to the first end ① of the ring oscillation module 101, and the second end ② of the ring oscillation module 101 is connected to the ground terminal GND; the third end ③ of the ring oscillation module 101 is the output end of the ring oscillation module 101, the third end ③ of the frequency adjustment module 102 is connected to the control voltage Vcnt, and the third end ③ of the gain adjustment module 103 is connected to the automatic adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer. The frequency adjustment module 102 of the embodiment of the present invention can adjust the output frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator oscillation signal in a manner not greater than the first adjustment accuracy according to the control voltage Vcnt; the gain adjustment module 103 can adjust the output frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillation signal and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not less than the second adjustment accuracy according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller, thereby reducing the gain deviation; at the same time, since the voltage-controlled oscillator removes the bias circuit, the phase noise generated by the bias circuit is eliminated, thereby reducing the phase noise.

[0090] Figure 5 The functional modules of the voltage-controlled oscillator provided by the fourth embodiment of the present invention are shown. For the convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, which are described in detail as follows:

[0091] like Figure 5 As shown, the voltage controlled oscillator is connected to the power supply terminal Vdd and the ground terminal GND respectively, and the voltage controlled oscillator includes:

[0092] Ring oscillation module 101, frequency adjustment module 102 and gain adjustment module 103;

[0093] The first end ① of the frequency adjustment module 102 is connected to the power supply terminal Vdd, the second end ② of the frequency adjustment module 102 and the first end ① of the gain adjustment module 103 are connected to the first end ① of the ring oscillation module 101, and the second end ② of the gain adjustment module 103 and the second end ② of the ring oscillation module 101 are connected to the ground terminal GND;

[0094] The third terminal ③ of the ring oscillation module 101 is the output terminal of the ring oscillation module 101, the third terminal ③ of the frequency adjustment module 102 is connected to the control voltage Vcnt, and the third terminal ③ of the gain adjustment module 103 is connected to the automatic adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer;

[0095] The ring oscillation module 101 is used to generate an oscillation signal of a voltage-controlled oscillator;

[0096] The frequency adjustment module 102 is used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage controlled oscillator in a manner not greater than a first adjustment accuracy according to the control voltage Vcnt;

[0097] The gain adjustment module 103 is used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage controlled oscillator in a manner not less than a second adjustment accuracy according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller.

[0098] The voltage controlled oscillator provided in the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for the situation where the output frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator oscillation signal of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer decreases with the increase of the control voltage Vcnt, and the voltage of the power supply terminal Vdd is very low.

[0099] In the embodiment of the present invention, the voltage controlled oscillator includes a ring oscillation module 101, a frequency adjustment module 102 and a gain adjustment module 103. The first end ① of the frequency adjustment module 102 is connected to the power supply end Vdd, the second end ② of the frequency adjustment module 102 and the first end ① of the gain adjustment module 103 are connected to the first end ① of the ring oscillation module 101, and the second end ② of the gain adjustment module 103 and the second end ② of the ring oscillation module 101 are connected to the ground end GND; the third end ③ of the ring oscillation module 101 is the output end of the ring oscillation module 101, the third end ③ of the frequency adjustment module 102 is connected to the control voltage Vcnt, and the third end ③ of the gain adjustment module 103 is connected to the automatic adjustment control of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer. The frequency adjustment module 102 of the embodiment of the present invention can adjust the output frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator oscillation signal in a manner not greater than the first adjustment accuracy according to the control voltage Vcnt; the gain adjustment module 103 can adjust the output frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillation signal and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not less than the second adjustment accuracy according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller, thereby reducing the gain deviation; at the same time, since the voltage-controlled oscillator removes the bias circuit, the phase noise generated by the bias circuit is eliminated, thereby reducing the phase noise.

[0100] The output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator described in the above embodiment is determined by the following formula:

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] Wherein, f represents the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator, I represents the current consumed by the ring oscillation module 101, C0 represents the equivalent capacitance C of each node of the ring oscillation module 101, Vs represents the amplitude of the oscillation signal of the ring oscillation module 101, N represents the adjustment code, Vdd represents the voltage of the power supply terminal Vdd, R represents the resistance value of the resistor R (see the following related embodiments) shown in the gain adjustment module 103, uCox represents the mobility of the carriers of the MOS tube in the ring oscillation module 101, W represents the width of the MOS tube in the ring oscillation module 101, L represents the length of the MOS tube in the ring oscillation module 101, Vcnt represents the control voltage of the voltage-controlled oscillator, and Vth represents the threshold voltage of the MOS tube in the ring oscillation module 101. The carrier mobility, width, length and threshold voltage of all MOS tubes in the ring oscillation module 101 are consistent.

[0104] The gain of the voltage controlled oscillator can be determined by the following formula:

[0105]

[0106] Wherein, M represents the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator, Δf represents the change in the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator, and ΔVcnt represents the change in the control voltage Vcnt of the voltage-controlled oscillator.

[0107] It can be seen from the above formulas (1) to (3) that the tuning code N can not only automatically correct the output frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator oscillation signal according to the process deviation, but also automatically correct the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the process deviation. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the gain deviation can be reduced.

[0108] The control voltage Vcnt of the voltage-controlled oscillator is used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not greater than the first adjustment accuracy. When the control voltage Vcnt of the voltage-controlled oscillator increases, the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator increases with the increase of the control voltage Vcnt of the voltage-controlled oscillator; when the control voltage Vcnt of the voltage-controlled oscillator decreases, the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator decreases with the decrease of the control voltage Vcnt of the voltage-controlled oscillator.

[0109] In addition, the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer is used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not less than the second adjustment accuracy, and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator is also automatically adjusted with the reference clock control signal FSWCODE. In the embodiment of the present invention, when the reference clock control signal FSWCODE is <00000> When the reference clock control signal FSWCODE is <11111>When the voltage-controlled oscillator oscillation signal output frequency is the highest, its specific value is automatically calculated and output by the adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer according to the process and temperature and the changes in the target output frequency.

[0110] In addition, when the control voltage Vcnt of the voltage-controlled oscillator is 0, the noise voltage generated by the self-bias voltage of the voltage-controlled oscillator is:

[0111]

[0112] The noise voltage generated by the voltage-controlled oscillator in the above prior art is:

[0113]

[0114] in, represents the noise voltage of the voltage-controlled oscillator, K represents the Boltzmann constant, T represents the Kelvin temperature, R represents the resistance value of the resistor R (see the following related embodiments) shown in the gain adjustment module 103, gm represents the transconductance of the MOS tube in the ring oscillation module 101, r0 represents the output resistance of the MOS tube in the ring oscillation module 101, A represents a constant related to the process, Cox represents the effective capacitance per unit gate area of ​​the MOS tube in the ring oscillation module 101, W represents the width of the MOS tube in the ring oscillation module 101, L represents the length of the MOS tube in the ring oscillation module 101, and f represents the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator. Among them, the carrier mobility, width, length and threshold voltage of all MOS tubes in the ring oscillation module 101 are consistent.

[0115] It can be seen that when the output frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator oscillation signal is the same, the noise of the existing voltage-controlled oscillator is greater. The last two terms in formula (6) are the thermal noise and flicker noise generated by the MOS tube of the bias current source, respectively. These two noises are almost completely removed in the voltage-controlled oscillator provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0116] Figure 6 The functional modules of the voltage-controlled oscillator provided by the fifth embodiment of the present invention are shown. For the convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, which are described in detail as follows:

[0117] In one embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve the stability of the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage controlled oscillator, as Figure 6 As shown in the above Figures 2 to 5 Based on any of the voltage-controlled oscillators shown, the voltage-controlled oscillator further includes:

[0118] The filter module 104 has a first end ① connected to a first end ① of the ring oscillation module 101 , and a second end ② connected to a second end ② of the ring oscillation module 101 . The filter module 104 is used to stabilize the voltage of the ring oscillation module 101 .

[0119] Among them, Fig.11 As shown, the filtering module 104 includes a capacitor C, and the first end ① and the second end ② of the capacitor C are respectively the first end ① and the second end ② of the filtering module 104. The capacitor C is used to stabilize the voltage of the ring oscillation module 101 and reduce the phase noise of the oscillation signal output by the voltage-controlled oscillator.

[0120] In the embodiment of the present invention, the voltage controlled oscillator further includes a filtering module 104, which can improve the stability of the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage controlled oscillator.

[0121] In one embodiment of the present invention, in order to adjust the sine wave to a rectangular wave, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, based on the voltage-controlled oscillator shown above, the voltage-controlled oscillator further includes:

[0122] A waveform shaping module 105, wherein a first end ① of the waveform shaping module 105 and a first end ① of the ring oscillation module 101 are connected to a power supply terminal Vdd, a second end ② of the waveform shaping module 105 is connected to a third end ③ of the ring oscillation module 101, and the third end ③ of the waveform shaping module 105 is an output end of the voltage controlled oscillator;

[0123] The waveform shaping module 105 is used to adjust the sine wave output by the ring oscillation module 101 to a rectangular wave output.

[0124] In the embodiment of the present invention, the voltage-controlled oscillator further includes a waveform shaping module 105 , which can adjust the sine wave output by the ring oscillation module 101 to a rectangular wave output.

[0125] Figure 7 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a ring oscillator module 101 in a voltage-controlled oscillator provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 to Figure 11 The circuit structure of the voltage-controlled oscillator provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown. For the convenience of description, only the part related to the embodiment of the present invention is shown, which is described in detail as follows:

[0126] like Figure 7 , Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, the ring oscillator module 101 includes: a first MOS transistor MP1, a second MOS transistor MP2, a second third MOS transistor MP3, a fourth MOS transistor MN4, a fifth MOS transistor MN5 and a sixth MOS transistor MN6.

[0127] The source of the first MOS transistor MP1, the source of the second MOS transistor MP2 and the source of the second MOS transistor MP3 are connected together to form a first end ① of the ring oscillation module 101; the gate of the first MOS transistor MP1, the drain of the second MOS transistor MP2 and the gate of the fourth MOS transistor MN4 are connected together to the drain of the fifth MOS transistor MN5; the gate of the second MOS transistor MP2, the drain of the second MOS transistor MP3 and the gate of the fifth MOS transistor MN5 are connected together to the drain of the sixth MOS transistor MN6; the source of the fourth MOS transistor MN4, the source of the fifth MOS transistor MN5 and the source of the sixth MOS transistor MN6 are connected together to form a second end ② of the ring oscillation module 101; the drain of the first MOS transistor MP1, the gate of the second MOS transistor MP3, the drain of the fourth MOS transistor MN4 and the gate of the sixth MOS transistor MN6 are connected together to form a third end ③ of the ring oscillation module 101.

[0128] Figure 8 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the frequency adjustment module 102 in the voltage controlled oscillator provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figures 10 to 11 The circuit structure of the voltage-controlled oscillator provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown. For the convenience of description, only the part related to the embodiment of the present invention is shown, which is described in detail as follows:

[0129] like Figure 8 , Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, the frequency adjustment module 102 includes a seventh MOS transistor MN7 and an eighth MOS transistor MN8.

[0130] The gate of the seventh MOS transistor MN7 is the first end ① of the frequency adjustment module 102, the source of the seventh MOS transistor MN7 is connected to the gate of the eighth MOS transistor MN8, the source of the eighth MOS transistor MN8 is the second end ② of the frequency adjustment module 102, and the drain of the seventh MOS transistor MN7 is the third end ③ of the frequency adjustment module 102.

[0131] The seventh MOS tube MN7 is used to generate the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator; the eighth MOS tube MN8 is used to control the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator.

[0132] Fig. 9 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the gain adjustment module 103 in the voltage controlled oscillator provided in an embodiment of the present invention. For the convenience of explanation, Figures 10 to 11 The circuit structure of the voltage-controlled oscillator provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown, and only the part related to the embodiment of the present invention is shown, which is described in detail as follows:

[0133] like Figures 9 to 11 As shown, the gain adjustment module 103 includes a ninth MOS transistor MN9 and a resistor R.

[0134] The gate of the ninth MOS transistor MN9 is the first end ① of the gain adjustment module 103, the source of the ninth MOS transistor MN9 is connected to the first end ① of the resistor R, the second end ② of the resistor R is the second end ② of the gain adjustment module 103, and the drain of the ninth MOS transistor MN9 is the third end ③ of the gain adjustment module 103.

[0135] The ninth MOS transistor MN9 is used for adjusting the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not less than the second adjustment accuracy according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller.

[0136] Fig.12 A phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown. For ease of description, only the part related to the embodiment of the present invention is shown, which is described in detail as follows:

[0137] like Fig.12 As shown, the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer includes the voltage-controlled oscillator 1201 as described in any of the above embodiments, and also includes a lock judgment circuit 1202, an automatic adjustment controller 1203, a phase detector / charge pump 1204, a filter 1205 and a frequency divider 1206. The lock judgment circuit 1202 is respectively connected to the automatic adjustment controller 1203 and the phase detector / charge pump 1204, the filter 1205 is respectively connected to the phase detector / charge pump 1204 and the voltage-controlled oscillator 1201, the automatic adjustment controller 1203 is connected to the voltage-controlled oscillator 1201, and the frequency divider 1206 is respectively connected to the phase detector / charge pump 1204 and the voltage-controlled oscillator 1201. The phase detector / charge pump 1204 receives the input reference clock control signal FSWCODE, and the voltage-controlled oscillator 1201 outputs a synthesized clock.

[0138] The mechanism and process of adjusting the output frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator 1201 by the reference clock control signal FSWCODE are as follows:

[0139] After the PLL frequency synthesizer is powered on and reset is released, the initial value of the reference clock control signal FSWCODE is set to 000000, and after waiting for an appropriate time, the PLL frequency synthesizer loop is stable, and the output state of the lock judgment circuit 1202 is detected. If the output of the lock judgment circuit 1202 is 1, it means that the PLL frequency synthesizer loop has been locked. At this time, the comparator in the automatic adjustment controller 1203 further confirms whether the result of the comparison between Vcnt and the reference voltage COMPOUT is 0. If the result of the comparison is 0, it means that Vcnt is working in a controllable state in the locked state, and the synthesized clock reaches the target frequency value, and the frequency adjustment process of the PLL frequency synthesizer ends. If the aforementioned lock judgment circuit is still equal to 0, or the result of the comparison between Vcnt and the reference voltage COMPOUT=1, it means that the frequency of the synthesized clock has not been adjusted to the target frequency value, or Vcnt is not working in a controllable state, at this time, the reference clock control signal FSWCODE is automatically increased by 1, and after waiting for an appropriate time, the PLL frequency synthesizer loop is stable, and the above detection process is repeated. Table 1 and Table 2 below show the comparison of parameters and effects of the voltage-controlled oscillator provided by the embodiment of the present invention and the existing voltage-controlled oscillator:

[0140]

[0141] Table 1 Some technical indicators of voltage controlled oscillator

[0142] Among them, Kvco represents the gain of the voltage-controlled ring oscillator, PhaseNoise represents the phase noise, the smaller the better; Power represents the power consumption of the module under discussion, the smaller the better; Size represents the area occupied by the module under discussion, the smaller the better; VDD represents the minimum operating voltage of the module under discussion, the smaller the better; Output Frequency represents the frequency range that can be synthesized, the wider the better.

[0143]

[0144] Table 2 Effects of some technical indicators of voltage-controlled oscillators

[0145] Among them, Kvco@16GHz represents the gain of the voltage-controlled ring oscillator when the output frequency is 16GHz, KvcoVariation@16GHz represents the percentage of the gain under boundary conditions relative to the gain under typical conditions, and the smaller the deviation, the better. TT represents the typical process angle during chip manufacturing, and SS / FF represents the boundary process angle during chip manufacturing.

[0146] In summary, in the embodiment of the present invention, the voltage controlled oscillator includes a ring oscillation module 101, a frequency adjustment module 102 and a gain adjustment module 103, the first end ① of the ring oscillation module 101 is connected to the power supply end Vdd, the second end ② of the ring oscillation module 101 is respectively connected to the first end ① of the frequency adjustment module 102 and the first end ① of the gain adjustment module 103; the third end ③ of the ring oscillation module 101 is the output end of the ring oscillation module 101; the second end ② of the frequency adjustment module 102 and the second end ② of the gain adjustment module 103 are commonly connected to the ground end GND; the third end ③ of the frequency adjustment module 102 is connected to the control voltage Vcnt, and the third end ③ of the gain adjustment module 103 is connected to the regulation controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer. The frequency adjustment module 102 of the embodiment of the present invention can adjust the output frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator oscillation signal in a manner not greater than the first adjustment accuracy according to the control voltage Vcnt; the gain adjustment module 103 can adjust the output frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillation signal and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not less than the second adjustment accuracy according to the reference clock control signal FSWCODE output by the adjustment controller, thereby reducing the gain deviation; at the same time, since the voltage-controlled oscillator removes the bias circuit, the phase noise generated by the bias circuit is eliminated, thereby reducing the phase noise.

[0147] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0148] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0149] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0150] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0151] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A voltage-controlled oscillator, characterized in that: Connect the power supply terminal and the ground terminal respectively. The voltage controlled oscillator includes: Ring oscillation module, frequency adjustment module and gain adjustment module; The first end of the ring oscillation module is connected to the power supply end, and the second end of the ring oscillation module is respectively connected to the first end of the frequency adjustment module and the first end of the gain adjustment module; the third end of the ring oscillation module is the output end of the ring oscillation module; The second end of the frequency adjustment module and the second end of the gain adjustment module are connected to the ground terminal; the third end of the frequency adjustment module is connected to the control voltage, and the third end of the gain adjustment module is connected to the adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer; A ring oscillator module, used to generate an oscillation signal of a voltage-controlled oscillator; A frequency adjustment module, used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not greater than a first adjustment accuracy according to the control voltage; A gain adjustment module, used for adjusting the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not less than a second adjustment accuracy according to the reference clock control signal output by the adjustment controller; The ring oscillation module comprises: a first MOS tube, a second MOS tube, a third MOS tube, a fourth MOS tube, a fifth MOS tube and a sixth MOS tube; the source of the first MOS tube, the source of the second MOS tube and the source of the third MOS tube are connected together to form a first end of the ring oscillation module, the gate of the first MOS tube, the drain of the second MOS tube and the gate of the fourth MOS tube are connected together to the drain of the fifth MOS tube, the gate of the second MOS tube, the drain of the third MOS tube and the gate of the fifth MOS tube are connected together to the drain of the sixth MOS tube, the source of the fourth MOS tube, the source of the fifth MOS tube and the source of the sixth MOS tube are connected together to form a second end of the ring oscillation module, and the drain of the first MOS tube, the gate of the third MOS tube, the drain of the fourth MOS tube and the gate of the sixth MOS tube are connected together to form a third end of the ring oscillation module.

2. A voltage-controlled oscillator, characterized in that: Connect the power supply terminal and the ground terminal respectively. The voltage controlled oscillator includes: Ring oscillation module, frequency adjustment module and gain adjustment module; The first end of the gain adjustment module and the first end of the ring oscillation module are connected to the power supply end, the second end of the gain adjustment module and the second end of the ring oscillation module are connected to the first end of the frequency adjustment module; the second end of the frequency adjustment module is connected to the ground end; The third end of the ring oscillation module is the output end of the ring oscillation module, the third end of the frequency adjustment module is connected to the control voltage, and the third end of the gain adjustment module is connected to the automatic adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer; A ring oscillator module, used to generate an oscillation signal of a voltage-controlled oscillator; A frequency adjustment module, used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not greater than a first adjustment accuracy according to the control voltage; A gain adjustment module, used for adjusting the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not less than a second adjustment accuracy according to the reference clock control signal output by the adjustment controller; The ring oscillation module comprises: a first MOS tube, a second MOS tube, a third MOS tube, a fourth MOS tube, a fifth MOS tube and a sixth MOS tube; the source of the first MOS tube, the source of the second MOS tube and the source of the third MOS tube are connected together to form a first end of the ring oscillation module, the gate of the first MOS tube, the drain of the second MOS tube and the gate of the fourth MOS tube are connected together to the drain of the fifth MOS tube, the gate of the second MOS tube, the drain of the third MOS tube and the gate of the fifth MOS tube are connected together to the drain of the sixth MOS tube, the source of the fourth MOS tube, the source of the fifth MOS tube and the source of the sixth MOS tube are connected together to form a second end of the ring oscillation module, and the drain of the first MOS tube, the gate of the third MOS tube, the drain of the fourth MOS tube and the gate of the sixth MOS tube are connected together to form a third end of the ring oscillation module.

3. A voltage-controlled oscillator, characterized in that: Connect the power supply terminal and the ground terminal respectively. The voltage controlled oscillator includes: Ring oscillation module, frequency adjustment module and gain adjustment module; The first end of the gain adjustment module and the first end of the frequency adjustment module are connected to the power supply end, the second end of the gain adjustment module and the second end of the frequency adjustment module are connected to the first end of the ring oscillation module, and the second end of the ring oscillation module is connected to the ground end; The third end of the ring oscillation module is the output end of the ring oscillation module, the third end of the frequency adjustment module is connected to the control voltage, and the third end of the gain adjustment module is connected to the automatic adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer; A ring oscillator module, used to generate an oscillation signal of a voltage-controlled oscillator; A frequency adjustment module, used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not greater than a first adjustment accuracy according to the control voltage; A gain adjustment module, used for adjusting the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not less than a second adjustment accuracy according to the reference clock control signal output by the adjustment controller; The ring oscillation module comprises: a first MOS tube, a second MOS tube, a third MOS tube, a fourth MOS tube, a fifth MOS tube and a sixth MOS tube; the source of the first MOS tube, the source of the second MOS tube and the source of the third MOS tube are connected together to form a first end of the ring oscillation module, the gate of the first MOS tube, the drain of the second MOS tube and the gate of the fourth MOS tube are connected together to the drain of the fifth MOS tube, the gate of the second MOS tube, the drain of the third MOS tube and the gate of the fifth MOS tube are connected together to the drain of the sixth MOS tube, the source of the fourth MOS tube, the source of the fifth MOS tube and the source of the sixth MOS tube are connected together to form a second end of the ring oscillation module, and the drain of the first MOS tube, the gate of the third MOS tube, the drain of the fourth MOS tube and the gate of the sixth MOS tube are connected together to form a third end of the ring oscillation module.

4. A voltage-controlled oscillator, characterized in that: Connect the power supply terminal and the ground terminal respectively. The voltage controlled oscillator includes: Ring oscillation module, frequency adjustment module and gain adjustment module; The first end of the frequency adjustment module is connected to the power supply end, the second end of the frequency adjustment module and the first end of the gain adjustment module are connected to the first end of the ring oscillation module, and the second end of the gain adjustment module and the second end of the ring oscillation module are connected to the ground end; The third end of the ring oscillation module is the output end of the ring oscillation module, the third end of the frequency adjustment module is connected to the control voltage, and the third end of the gain adjustment module is connected to the automatic adjustment controller of the phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer; A ring oscillator module, used to generate an oscillation signal of a voltage-controlled oscillator; A frequency adjustment module, used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not greater than a first adjustment accuracy according to the control voltage; A gain adjustment module, used for adjusting the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator and the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not less than a second adjustment accuracy according to the reference clock control signal output by the adjustment controller; The ring oscillation module comprises: a first MOS tube, a second MOS tube, a third MOS tube, a fourth MOS tube, a fifth MOS tube and a sixth MOS tube; the source of the first MOS tube, the source of the second MOS tube and the source of the third MOS tube are connected together to form a first end of the ring oscillation module, the gate of the first MOS tube, the drain of the second MOS tube and the gate of the fourth MOS tube are connected together to the drain of the fifth MOS tube, the gate of the second MOS tube, the drain of the third MOS tube and the gate of the fifth MOS tube are connected together to the drain of the sixth MOS tube, the source of the fourth MOS tube, the source of the fifth MOS tube and the source of the sixth MOS tube are connected together to form a second end of the ring oscillation module, and the drain of the first MOS tube, the gate of the third MOS tube, the drain of the fourth MOS tube and the gate of the sixth MOS tube are connected together to form a third end of the ring oscillation module.

5. The voltage controlled oscillator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Also includes: A filtering module, wherein a first end of the filtering module is connected to a first end of the ring oscillation module, and a second end of the filtering module is connected to a second end of the ring oscillation module; The filter module is used to stabilize the voltage of the ring oscillation module.

6. The voltage controlled oscillator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Also includes: A waveform shaping module, wherein a first end of the waveform shaping module and a first end of the ring oscillation module are connected to a power supply end, a second end of the waveform shaping module is connected to a third end of the ring oscillation module, and the third end of the waveform shaping module is an output end of the voltage controlled oscillator; The waveform shaping module is used to adjust the sine wave output by the ring oscillation module into a rectangular wave output.

7. The voltage controlled oscillator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The frequency adjustment module includes: A seventh MOS tube and an eighth MOS tube; The drain of the seventh MOS tube is the first end of the frequency adjustment module, the source of the seventh MOS tube is connected to the drain of the eighth MOS tube, the source of the eighth MOS tube is the second end of the frequency adjustment module, and the gate of the seventh MOS tube is the third end of the frequency adjustment module; The seventh MOS tube is used to generate the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator; The eighth MOS tube is used to control the gain of the voltage-controlled oscillator.

8. The voltage controlled oscillator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The gain adjustment module includes: The ninth MOS tube and resistor; The drain of the ninth MOS tube is the first end of the gain adjustment module, the source of the ninth MOS tube is connected to the first end of the resistor, the second end of the resistor is the second end of the gain adjustment module, and the gate of the ninth MOS tube is the third end of the gain adjustment module; The ninth MOS tube is used to adjust the output frequency of the oscillation signal of the voltage-controlled oscillator in a manner not less than the second adjustment accuracy according to the reference clock control signal output by the adjustment controller.

9. A phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer, characterized in that: Comprising the voltage controlled oscillator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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