9058 results about "Erbium lasers" patented technology

A method of forming a conductor in a thin film structure on a semiconductor substrate includes forming high aspect ratio openings in a base layer having vertical side walls, depositing a dielectric barrier layer comprising a dielectric compound of a barrier metal on the surfaces of the high aspect ratio openings including the vertical side walls, depositing a metal barrier layer comprising the barrier metal on the first barrier layer, depositing a main conductor species seed layer on the metal barrier layer and depositing a main conductor layer. The method further includes annealing the main conductor layer by (a) directing light from an array of continuous wave lasers into a line of light extending at least partially across the thin film structure, and (b) translating the line of light relative to the thin film structure in a direction transverse to the line of light. The method of Claim 1 further comprising, prior to the annealing step, depositing an amorphous carbon optical absorber layer on the main conductor layer. The step of depositing an amorphous carbon optical absorber layer includes introducing a carbon-containing process gas into a reactor chamber containing the substrate in a process zone of the reactor, applying RF source power to an external reentrant conduit of the reactor to generate a reentrant toroidal RF plasma current passing through the process zone and applying a bias voltage to the substrate.

A system and method for controllably releasing laser radiation in percutaneous laser treatment is disclosed. In a preferred embodiment, an optical fiber is inserted below the skin or into a vascular lumen to a predetermined point. The fiber is connected to a source of electromagnetic radiation such as a laser. Radiation is then delivered to the treatment site while the fiber is simultaneously drawn out to the entry point. The fiber is manually withdrawn at a predetermined rate and radiation is administered in a constant power or energy level. To maintain a constant proper energy density, the speed of withdrawal is measured and sent to a controlling mechanism. The controlling mechanism modifies the power emitted, pulse length or pulse rate to ensure that the vein or tissue receives a consistent dose of energy. In one preferred embodiment, an imaging device provides the controlling device with speed information based on fiber surface textural properties or based on a series of bar code like markings. In another embodiment, additional information is collected, such as vein diameter prior to treatment, position of the distal end of the fiber, and/or impact measurements such as vibration or temperature during treatment, and the controlling mechanism adjusts output power or pulse rate in response to measurements to maintain a desired power density.

An external cavity mirror for use in a semiconductor laser, the external cavity mirror comprising a waveguide formed on a substrate of highly electro-optic material, and including electrically-operated means for determining the reflectance attributes of the external cavity mirror.

Various embodiments may be used for laser-based modification of target material of a workpiece while advantageously achieving improvements in processing throughput and/or quality. Embodiments of a method of processing may include focusing and directing laser pulses to a region of the workpiece at a pulse width sufficiently short so that material is efficiently removed by nonlinear optical absorption from the region and a quantity of heat affected zone and thermal stress on the material within the region, proximate to the region, or both is reduced relative to a quantity obtainable using a laser with longer pulses. In at least one embodiment, an ultrashort pulse laser system may include at least one of a fiber amplifier or fiber laser. Various embodiments are suitable for at least one of dicing, cutting, scribing, and forming features on or within a composite material.

An all-fiber erbium laser oscillating in a passive Q switched mode. The laser includes a crystal saturable absorber that may be Co²⁺:ZnSe or Cr²⁺:ZnSe. In preferred embodiments continuous pumping or short pulse pumping may be utilized. The laser is characterized by low threshold high-power, short-pulse generation. In preferred embodiments the threshold is only about 20 mW. The crystals are bleached at extremely low intensity, of about 0.8 kW/cm² and provide moderate relaxation time of the excited state (290 μs) within a spectral range of about 1400-1800 nm. The simplicity of the design and low cost of that laser 2000).

The invention discloses a high-molecular composite powder material for SLS. The composite powder material comprises the following ingredients, by weight, 85%-99% of high-molecular powder, 0.1%-10% of laser absorbents, 0.1%-3% of flow promoters and 0.1%-2% of anti-oxidants. The preparation method for the composite powder material is advantaged by simple technology, environmental protection and easy implementation, and a high-molecular composite powder material with excellent molding performances can be obtained. The composite powder material can perform SLS molding through a fiber laser, the product precision is improved effectively, and application of the SLS technology in many fields is promoted.

The invention provides a laser imaging radar device and a distance measurement method thereof. The laser imaging radar device and the distance measurement method thereof aims at the problem that an existing distance range gate laser imaging radar is low in distance resolution. The laser imaging radar device comprises a laser device, a laser modulation unit, an optical antenna unit, a detecting unit, a data processing unit and an image processing unit, wherein the detecting unit is composed of a counter, a gate controller and an array detector, and the data processing unit is composed of an accumulator and a correlator. According to the distance measurement method, an information loading process is carried out on laser signals with constant amplitude by using a phase code pulse amplitude modulation mode. The laser imaging radar device and the distance measurement method thereof have the advantages that the equipment and the method combine the advantages of long detecting distances of the distance ranging gate layer imaging radar and the advantage of high distance measurement resolution of the pulse phase coding mode, and meanwhile the detect of low distance measurement resolution of the distance ranging gate layer imaging radar and the detect of low imaging speed of the pulse phase coding mode are avoided.

The invention relates to a sensing method with an optical-fiber Bragg grating laser device. An optical-fiber Bragg grating is used as a reflector of the resonant cavity, an active optical fiber capable of generating sufficient gains is added, and a double wavelength/multiple wavelength optical-fiber Bragg grating laser device is formed under the action of a pump light source and used as a sensor. When the outside strain, temperature and other physical quantities act on the sensing system, the beat signal frequency among the double wavelength or multiple wavelength laser can shift, and counter stress, temperature and other physical parameters can be measured precisely by detecting the beat signal frequency information. The invention has the advantages of simple manufacture, stable and reliable operation, stable measurement result and high precision, and is free from the interference of light intensity, polarization and other optical information quantities. The multipoint distribution sensing measurement can be realized in a frequency-division multiplexing mode. An electrooptical modulator is added before the spectrum analyzer starts detection so as to randomly adjust the beat signal frequency, thereby greatly reducing the spectral range of the spectrum analyzer and reducing the detection cost.

The invention discloses a fully distributed optical fiber strain and vibration sensor comprising a laser (1), a first coupler (2), a pulse modulation module (3), an optical amplifier (4), a circulator (5), a sensing optical fiber (6), a fiber bragg grating (7), a polarization scrambler, a second coupler, a balance photoelectric detector, an analyzer, a photoelectric detector (12) and a signal processing unit. Continuous light output by the laser (1) is split into two paths through the first coupler (2), wherein one path is used as reference light and is accessed to a first input end of the second coupler (9) through the polarization scrambler (8); and the second path is processed by the pulse modulation module (3) and the optical amplifier (4) and then used as detection pulse light to be injected into a first port of the circulator (5). In the invention, Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry (BOTDR) and polarization optical time domain reflectometry (POTDR) are simultaneously utilized for respectively and correspondingly carrying out fully distributed measurement on strain and vibration on a signal optical fiber, the defects of a system with single BOTDR or POTDR are overcome, and the false alarm rate or missed report rate of the system is decreased.

The invention relates to processes for the synthesis of 2-D and 3-D periodic porous silicon structures and composites with improved properties having the advantages of porous silicon and photonic bandgap materials. Photonic crystals comprise a two dimensionally periodic or three dimensionally periodic microporous structural matrix of interconnecting, crystallographically oriented, monodispersed members having voids between adjacent members, and said members additionally having randomly nanoporous surface porosity. The silicon nanofoam material shows enhanced and spectrally controlled/tunable photoluminescence and electroluminesce and finds use as transparent electrodes, high-lumonosity light emitting diodes (LEDs), wavelength division multiplexors, high-active-area catalyst supports, photonic bandgap lasers, silicon-based UV detectors, displays, gas sensors, and the like.

A saturable absorber (SA) is constructed using a fiber taper embedded in a carbon nanotube/polymer composite. A fiber taper is made by heating and pulling a small part of standard optical fiber. At the taper's waist light is guided by the glass-air interface, with an evanescent field protruding out of the taper. Carbon nanotubes mixed with an appropriate polymer host material are then wrapped around the fiber taper to interact with the evanescent field. Saturable absorption is possible due to the unique optical properties of the carbon nanotubes. The device can be used in mode-locked lasers where it initiates and stabilizes the pulses circulating around the laser cavity. The SA can be used in various laser cavities, and can enable different pulse evolutions such as solitons, self-similar pulses and dissipative solitons. Other applications include but are not limited to optical switching, pulse cleanup and pulse compression.

A method and system for fabricating a layer of an organic light emitting device using pulsed laser deposition is provided. A pulsed laser source is used in the method for depositing an organic or coordination complex solid sample on a substrate. A plurality of coherent light wavelengths tuned at different frequencies from the laser and directed through an optical inlet of a vacuum chamber strike a sample to form a volatized sample for depositing on a substrate. Pulsed laser sources used in the method and system include YAG, excimer, alexandrite or combinations thereof. The system includes a pulsed laser source, a vacuum chamber, and an optical inlet for receiving at least two coherent light wavelengths tuned at different frequencies from a pulsed laser source. Alternative methods of deposition may also be performed within the same vacuum chamber.

The invention discloses a terahertz pulse measurement-based burning temperature sensing device and a terahertz pulse measurement-based burning temperature sensing method. Laser is emitted from a femtosecond laser device, and is divided into reference laser and detection laser through a beam splitter, the detection laser is focused on a photoconduction antenna type terahertz emitter, terahertz pulses emitted by the terahertz emitter are focused on a ZnTe crystal through an off-axis paraboloid lens group; and the reference layer is collimated and is coincident with terahertz waves focused on the ZnTe crystal after passing through a semi-transmission and self-reflection mirror, parallel grating groups and a polarizing film, the terahertz waves are modulated by using Pockels effect of the ZnTe crystal, and image signals corresponding to collected first reference layer carrying terahertz pulse strength information and second reference laser not carrying the terahertz pulse strength information are input into a computer by a CCD (Charge Coupling Device) detector for subsequence processing. According to the invention, the precision and speed of the non-contact combustion measurement method are increased, and the non-contact measurement of combustion object temperature and temperature distribution is realized.

A distributed optical fiber sensor based on Raman and Brillouin scattering is provided. The distributed optical fiber sensor includes a semiconductor FP cavity pulsed wideband optical fiber laser (11), a semiconductor external-cavity continuous narrowband optical fiber laser (12), a wave separator (13), an electro-optic modulator (14), an isolator (15), an Er-doped optical fiber amplifier (16), a bidirectional coupler (17), an integrated wavelength division multiplexer (19), a first photoelectric receiving and amplifying module (20), a second photoelectric receiving and amplifying module (21), a direct detection system (22), a narrowband optical fiber transmission grating (23), a circulator (24) and a coherence detection module (25). The temperature and the strain can be measured simultaneously, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the system is enhanced.

A spatially coded structured light is generated by an array of laser diodes (1) in order to perform structured light triangulation. The laser diodes (1a-c) are VCSEL, where the light is emitted in the direction perpendicular to the semiconductor wafer surface. Plural such laser diodes (1a-c) are integrated monolithically to form an array (1). The position of the individual laser diodes in the array is coded spatially to form a non-regular unique pattern. The light output by the lasers is projected by a refractive or diffractive optical system (2) into the space to be monitored to form the structured light pattern. An object (5) to be investigated may be illuminated by the VCSEL array (1) and a camera (3) captures the frames. A processing unit (4) controls the power of VCSEL (1a-c) and processes the data from the camera (3).

Quantum cascade (QC) lasers and methods of fabricating such QC lasers are provided. The QC lasers incorporate a DFB grating without requiring the use of relying on epitaxial regrowth processes. The DFB gratings are formed as sidewall gratings along the lateral length of the QC active region, or the DFB gratings are formed atop the lateral length of the QC active region, and wherein the top DFB grating is planarized with a polymeric material.

The invention discloses an elevator key and a method based on the image recognition technology. The elevator key comprises a keypad pattern, a linear infrared laser, a camera, a processor and a projection module. Infrared light emitted by the linear infrared laser covers the front face of the keypad pattern in parallel, the back face of the keypad pattern is located in a view finding range of the camera, and the camera and the projection module are respectively connected with the processor. When a finger touches the keypad pattern, the finger can block the infrared light to form a facula, and then an infrared facula can occur in images collected by the camera due to the fact that the keypad pattern is semitransparent. The specific position of the infrared facula is determined according to the image processing technology, and further which key of the keypad pattern is triggered is determined. The processor recognizes the faucla and converts the facula into corresponding instructions for execution, simultaneously key state is displayed by projecting the light at the corresponding position on the keypad pattern through the projection module, and man-machine interaction operation on an elevator can be finished.

The invention discloses a high-temperature powder bed system for laser additive manufacture. The system comprises a working cavity, a laser device, a workbench, an electromagnetic heating layer, a heat insulation component and a laminar flow temperature uniforming component, the workbench is arranged in the working cavity, the electromagnetic heating layer is mainly composed of an electromagnetic induction plate and a coil, the electromagnetic heating layer is placed on the lower surface of the workbench and is attached to the workbench, and heat can be directly conducted to the workbench. A cooling flow way is arranged in the workbench, the bottom face and the side face of the electromagnetic heating layer are surrounded by the heat insulation component, and heat insulation and heat preservation of the electromagnetic heating layer can be achieved. The laminar flow temperature uniforming component is arranged outside the working cavity and used for achieving air flow circulation in the working cavity, and even temperature distribution of the workbench can be achieved. According to the part size, the work table board can be heated to be at the high temperature, heat preservation is performed, and temperature uniformization and the cooling functions after machining can be achieved. The aims of protecting the systems, and improving energy utilization rate and heating efficiency can be achieved.

A Lidar measurement device for vehicular traffic surveillance and method for use of same are disclosed. In one embodiment, video circuitry acquires video of a field of view having a target therein. A steerable laser progressively scans the field of view to identify targets. The steerable laser then progressively, repeatedly scans a sub-field of the field of view containing the target. A processing circuit portion determines target data of the target based upon range and time measurements associated with reflected laser range-finding signals from the scans of the sub-field. The processing circuit then integrates the target data into the video such that the video may displayed with an image of the target and target data, such as a speed measurement, associated therewith.

There is disclosed a sulfonium salt represented by the following general formula (1). In the formula, X and Y each represents a group having a polymerizable functional group; Z represents a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 33 carbon atoms optionally containing a hetero atom; R¹ represents a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 36 carbon atoms optionally containing a hetero atom; and R² and R³ each represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms optionally containing a hetero atom or R² and R³ may be bonded with each other to form a ring together with a sulfur atom in the formula. There can be provided a sulfonium salt usable as a resist composition providing high resolution and excellent in LER in photolithography using a high energy beam such as an ArF excimer laser, an EUV light and an electron beam as a light source, a polymer obtained from the sulfonium salt, a resist composition containing the polymer and a patterning process using the resist composition.

The invention provides a laser cleaning system for a rubber module, and the laser cleaning system comprises a laser cleaning head and a laser control system, wherein the laser cleaning head comprises a laser device and a beam expander, a scanning galvanometer is arranged in the output light direction of the beam expander, a focusing lens is arranged on the reflecting light path of the scanning galvanometer, and the light path output end of the focusing lens is used for cleaning articles; the laser device comprises a total reflector, an acousto-optic Q-switch, a semiconductor pumping module and an output mirror which are sequentially arranged on the light path; and the light-emitting switch of the laser device, the Q-switching drive module of the acousto-optic Q-switch, the power supply of the semiconductor pumping module, and the drive unit of the scanning galvanometer are controlled by a laser control system respectively. According to the invention, the semiconductor pumping solid pulse laser device is adopted and integrated on a cleaning machining head, the output power of laser is increased by means of acousto-optic Q-switching, and the coupling loss caused by optical fibre transmission is avoided, so that portable-type machining in a handheld mode or a manipulator clamping mode can be realized, and efficient cleaning for the rubber module can be finished.

A method for isolating an inner cell mass comprising the steps of immobilizing a blastocyst stage embryo having a zona pellucida, trophectoderm, and inner cell mass, creating an aperture in the blastocyst stage embryo by laser ablation, and removing the inner cell mass from the blastocyst stage embryo through the aperture. The aperture is through the zona pellucida and the trophectoderm. The laser ablation is acheived using a non-contact diode laser. The inner cell mass removed from the blastocyst stage embryo is used to establish human Embryonic Stem Cell lines.

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: to realize a wide bandwidth light source capable of a stable operation providing a less spectrum variation.

SOLUTION: Optical pulses 202 outputted by this optical pulse-generating device 201 are split by optical coupler 210. The one of split optical pulses is inputted in white light-emitting device 204 to emit the white light having the wide bandwidth. The other split is inputted in optical band pass filter 212 in operation-stabilizing circuit 207. Optical detector 213 detects a signal level of a specific wavelength and input in feedback circuit 215 to generate first and second feedback signals 205 and 206. Ring resonator fiber laser 208 uses any one of them and controls a rotation angle of the waveplate to realize stabilization of the output.

This invention relates to a method and apparatus for improved process control in combustion applications, and particularly those relating to the steelmaking industry. An apparatus is provided for process control in a combustion application comprising a laser to transmit a near-infrared laser beam through off-gas produced by the combustion application, a detector to detect the transmitted laser beam and convert the detected laser beam to an electrical signal, and a control system for providing adjustment of select inputs to the combustion application in response to the electrical signal from the detector. The method of this invention comprises transmitting a near-infrared laser beam through off-gas produced by the combustion application, detecting the transmitted laser beam, and adjusting select inputs of the combustion application in response to the detected transmitted laser beam.

The invention provides a refrigeration-type coaxial packaging light-emitting tube core, which comprises a transistor outline (TO) tube shell, a refrigerator, a heat sink, a laser carrier and a sealing tube cap, wherein the TO tube shell comprises a tube shell base. At least seven pins are arranged around the tube shell base; the pins comprise a radio frequency (RF) signal pin, and the laser carrier with a microstrip line is arranged on the RF signal pin; the radiating surface of the refrigerator and the surface of the tube shell base are fixed in the manner of sticking; the refrigeration surface of the refrigerator and the surface of the heat sink are fixed in the manner of sticking; the heat sink and the surface of the laser carrier with a matched resistor and the microstrip line are fixed in the manner of sticking; an electric absorption modulation laser chip, a backlight detector, a thermistor and a power filter capacitor are fixedly arranged on the surface of the laser carrier in the manner of sticking; one end of the microstrip line of the laser carrier is connected with the anode of an electric absorption modulator; and the other end of the microstrip line of the laser carrier is connected with a microstrip line on the RF signal pin through a conductor wire. When installation is performed, the emitted light outlet optical axis of the laser chip and the optical axis (OA) of the central axis of the TO tube shell are coaxial. Optical steering elements are not needed, the process is simple, and the signal distortion can be reduced.

The invention discloses a method and a device of cleaning microparticles on surface of a metal workpiece with laser shock waves. The method comprises the following steps: spraying a layer of deionized water film on the surface of the metal workpiece; adjusting a laser device to allow laser beams to focus in the deionized water film; utilizing the laser shock waves to induce deionized water covered on the surface of the metal workpiece to produce rapidly inflated plasmas, wherein the produced plasma shock waves are applied on the particles on the surface of the metal workpiece directly, so as to separate the particles from the surface of the metal under the co-action of the shock waves and high pressure water flow. Through the adoption of the method and the device, the microparticles on the surface of the metal can be nondestructively and effectively cleaned; the mechanical property of the surface of the metal workpiece can be improved; and the method and the device can be applied to the cleaning of the microparticles on the surface of the metal workpiece.

The invention discloses an industrial robot online zero position calibration device based on all-dimensional point constraint and a method of the device. The device comprises a laser point light source, and an all-dimensional receiving device, wherein a laser serves as the laser point light source; the all-dimensional receiving device consists of a PSD (position sensitive detector), an inner ring stand, an outer ring stand, a signal processing circuit, a data acquisition card, an industrial control computer, and an industrial robot controller; the inner ring stand and the outer ring stand are connected together through a globe joint to form a ring stand; the laser is rigidly fixed on the tail end of an industrial robot body through a connection device; two link rods have a globe joint at one ends; the globe joints are connected with the inner ring stand; the other ends of the two link rods are rigidly connected with the PSD; and the PSD is located at the center of the ring stand. The industrial robot online zero position calibration device provided by the invention not only overcomes the disadvantages caused by fixing the PSD stably in the prior art, but also reduces the error generated by projecting the round laser beam onto the center point of the PSD obliquely.

The invention relates to a natural gas pipeline leak detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle. The natural gas pipeline leak detection system based on the unmanned aerial vehicle is mainly characterized in that an inspection tour can be made on a natural gas pipeline, leak points and the leak diffusion range of the pipeline can be found in time, and loss caused by leak is reduced. According to the technical scheme, the unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with a small cargo compartment, and a natural gas laser detection system is installed in the small cargo compartment. Laser beams emitted by a laser device are divided into two paths, wherein one path is emitted through an emitting antenna, passes through leaking gas and then is reflected, the reflected lasers are received by a receiving antenna, and a first detector receives reflected signals; and the other path perpendicularly enters the soil surface nearby the pipeline, and is received by a second detector after being reflected. The natural gas pipeline leak detection system based on the unmanned aerial vehicle can simultaneously detect the natural gas leak concentration and a soil surface temperature anomaly caused by natural gas leak, thereby achieving the purpose of inspecting natural gas pipeline leak.

A system and method are disclosed for the precision fabrication of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS), Nano-Electro-Mechanical Systems (NEMS), Microsytems, Nanosystems, Photonics, 3-D integration, heterogeneous integration, and Nanotechology devices and structures. The disclosed system and method can also be used in any fabrication technology to increase the precision and accuracy of the devices and structures being made compared to conventional means of implementation. A platform holds and moves a substrate to be machined during machining and a plurality of lasers and/or ion beams are provided that are capable of achieving predetermined levels of machining resolution and precision and machining rates for a predetermined application. The plurality of lasers and/or ion beams comprises a plurality of the same type of laser and/or ion beam. Alternatively, a close-loop control system can be used with one laser or ion beam that is controlled and operated by the close-loop control system so as to achieve the predetermined levels of machining resolution and precision and machining rates for the predetermined application.

The invention discloses a full optical fiber communication system of a QKD system. The full optical fiber communication system comprises a sending end and a receiving end, the sending end comprises a sending end FPGA, a quantum light laser (1), a synchronization light and classic signal multiplexing laser (2), a sending end operation system, a sending end quantum signal modulating system and a sending end DWDM, and the receiving end comprises a receiving end FPGA, an SPD, a synchronization light detector, a receiving end quantum signal demodulating system, a receiving end DWDM and a receiving end operation system. The invention further discloses a full optical fiber communication method of the QKD system. By means of the full optical fiber communication system and method, the time division multiplex mode is adopted for sending three signals in one optical fiber, reticle connection is eliminated, key negotiation signals and synchronous data are sent through synchronization light laser synchronization time division multiplexing, dependences of QKD on classic Ethernet communication are eliminated, and the safety of the QKD system is greatly improved.