An IoT-based tower crane programmed operation assessment device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tower crane programmed operation assessment device and method based on the Internet of Things, belonging to the field of special operation safety. The device includes a data acquisition system, an assessment operation system, and an assessment scoring system that are connected in sequence. The data acquisition system includes a sensor assembly for collecting sensor signals corresponding to the invigilation indicators in the tower crane process, and a front-end processor connected to the sensor assembly for converting the sensing signals into corresponding sensing physical quantities, performing edge computing and data analysis on the sensing physical quantities to obtain preprocessed signals. The assessment operation system is used to read the preprocessed signals according to preset information and compare the preprocessed signals with the preset information to obtain assessment data. The assessment scoring system is used to score the assessment data item by item according to the assessment scoring rules to obtain assessment result information. The present invention realizes the safety monitoring and early warning of programmed operations, gets rid of the written assessment method, and can improve the accuracy of assessment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of special operation safety, and more specifically, relates to a tower crane program operation assessment device and method based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] Tower cranes are one of the most important mechanical equipment in construction. Due to the complex operation process and high risk, accidents frequently occur during the installation, lifting and disassembly stages of tower cranes. A large number of studies have pointed out that unsafe behaviors of workers and insufficient vocational skills training are the main causes of accidents. Safety education and training and vocational skills training are important ways to improve the behavioral safety of workers. Strengthening workers' safety education and training and professional skills training, and improving workers' safety awareness and professional skills are of great significance to reducing accidents in the process of tower crane procedural operations.

[0003] The installation, disassembly and lifting of tower cranes are similar operations with strict logical process requirements, so the present invention collectively refers to them as procedural operations. In procedural operations, workers are the executors of specific operating behaviors and the direct decision makers of operating safety. How to assess the correctness of workers' operating behaviors during tower crane procedural operations is an important issue. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a tower crane programmed operation assessment device and method based on the Internet of Things. Its purpose is to apply the tower crane programmed operation safety monitoring technology to the tower crane programmed operation safety assessment based on the Internet of Things, thereby improving the informatization level of tower crane programmed operation personnel training and assessment, and improving the assessment methods of new technologies such as the Internet of Things in safety education and vocational skills training.

[0005] To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a tower crane program operation assessment device based on the Internet of Things is provided, comprising:

[0006] Data acquisition system, including:

[0007] The sensor assembly is used to collect sensor signals corresponding to the electrical circuit conditions, hydraulic conditions, sleeve roller gap, tower crane installation conditions, tower crane operating mechanism conditions, jacking system conditions, climbing claw position conditions, climbing claw status, tower body and support connection conditions, sleeve and support connection conditions, standard section position conditions, jacking beam pin shaft connection conditions and wind speed balance in the tower crane process;

[0008] A front-end processor, connected to the sensor assembly, for converting the sensing signal into a corresponding sensing physical quantity, and performing edge computing and data analysis on the sensing physical quantity to obtain a preprocessing signal;

[0009] An assessment operating system, communicatively connected to the data acquisition system, is configured to read the preprocessed signals according to preset information, compare the preprocessed signals with the preset information to obtain assessment data, and conduct an assessment determination on the process operation; the preset information includes: the processes of programmed operations, technical indicators, the sensors corresponding to the indicators, and their completion status or thresholds under each process;

[0010] An assessment scoring system, communicatively connected to the assessment operating system, is configured to score each item of the received assessment data according to pre-written assessment scoring rules to obtain assessment result information.

[0011] In one embodiment, the sensor assembly includes:

[0012] A switch sensor, configured to collect sensing signals respectively corresponding to the electrical circuit condition, the hydraulic part condition, the clearance of the slewing jib rollers, the tower crane installation condition, the tower crane working mechanism condition, the jacking system condition, the positioning of the climbing claws, the state of the climbing claws, the connection condition between the tower body and the support, the connection condition between the slewing jib and the support, the positioning of the standard section, and the pin connection condition of the jacking crossbeam;

[0013] An inclination sensor, configured to collect sensing signals corresponding to the balance of the slewing jib;

[0014] An anemometer sensor, configured to collect sensing signals corresponding to the operating wind speed;

[0015] A displacement sensor, configured to collect sensing signals respectively corresponding to the extension length of the oil cylinder and the operating speed of the oil cylinder.

[0016] In one embodiment, the switch sensor includes:

[0017] A manual push-button switch sensor, configured to collect sensing signals respectively corresponding to the electrical circuit condition, the hydraulic part condition, the clearance of the slewing jib rollers, the tower crane installation condition, and the tower crane working mechanism condition;

[0018] A push-type switch sensor, configured to collect sensing signals corresponding to the positioning of the climbing claws;

[0019] A magnetic proximity switch sensor, configured to collect sensing signals corresponding to the state of the climbing claws and the pin connection condition of the jacking crossbeam;

[0020] A mechanical switch sensor, configured to collect sensing signals respectively corresponding to the connection condition between the tower body and the support, the connection condition between the slewing jib and the support, and the positioning of the standard section.

[0021] In one embodiment, the assessment operating system includes:

[0022] A first writer, configured to write the preset information;

[0023] A first processor, connected to the first writer, is configured to store the preset information and receive the preprocessing signal, and is further configured to compare the preprocessing signal with the preset information to obtain assessment data for assessing and determining the process operation.

[0024] In one embodiment, the assessment operating system further includes:

[0025] A start-stop switch assembly, connected to the first processor, includes a start button and a stop button, and is configured to enter the process when the start button is pressed; and is further configured to confirm the completion of the current process when the stop button is pressed, so that the assessment operating system sends the preprocessing signal passing through the first processor in the current operation process to the scoring and assessment system;

[0026] A voice prompt assembly, connected to the start-stop switch assembly, is configured to broadcast a prompt signal indicating the start of the current process after the start button is pressed; to ensure the safety of the next process; and to broadcast a prompt signal indicating the completion of the current process when the process is completed.

[0027] In one embodiment, the assessment scoring system includes:

[0028] A second writer, configured to pre-write the assessment scoring rules;

[0029] A second processor, connected to the second writer, is configured to score the received assessment data according to the pre-written assessment scoring rules to obtain assessment result information.

[0030] In one embodiment, the assessment scoring system further includes:

[0031] A display assembly, connected to the second processor, is configured to display the assessment result information.

[0032] In one embodiment, the assessment scoring system further includes:

[0033] A memory, connected to the second processor, is configured to store the assessment result information and has a data export function.

[0034] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tower crane programmed operation assessment method based on the Internet of Things, including:

[0035] S1: Collect the respective sensing signals of the electrical circuit conditions, hydraulic part conditions, slewing frame roller clearances, tower crane installation conditions, tower crane operating mechanism conditions, jacking system conditions, climbing claw in-place conditions, climbing claw states, tower body and support connection conditions, slewing frame and support connection conditions, standard section in-place conditions, jacking beam pin connection conditions, and wind speed balance in the tower crane process;

[0036] S2: converting the sensing signal into a corresponding sensing physical quantity, and performing edge computing and data analysis on the sensing physical quantity to obtain a preprocessing signal;

[0037] S3: reading the preprocessing signal according to preset information, and comparing the preprocessing signal with the preset information to obtain assessment data, so as to assess and judge the process operation; the preset information includes: the process of the programmed operation, technical indicators, sensors corresponding to the indicators and their completion status or thresholds in each process;

[0038] S4: Scoring the assessment data item by item according to the pre-written assessment scoring rules to obtain assessment result information.

[0039] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0040] (1) The IoT-based safety monitoring technology is suitable for the navigation and safety monitoring of tower crane program operations, realizing integrated safety monitoring and early warning of program operations, breaking away from the traditional written assessment method and improving the accuracy of the assessment. It can also guide the construction process of program operations and ensure the correctness and safety of the process. In the safety assessment of tower crane program operators, the device can effectively supervise and guide the operating behavior of operators and achieve good assessment results.

[0041] (2) The assessment of workers is carried out by combining information technology, which improves the level of information technology in the field of education and training of special operation personnel. The deployment of switch sensors and wireless displacement sensors helps to guide and standardize the operation behavior of trainees and deepen their understanding and impression of the tower crane program operation process.

[0042] (3) The present invention can record all data during the student assessment process so that the assessment has data to rely on. In addition, the operation behavior data can be visualized to facilitate the analysis of the student's operation habits during the operation process through big data, and then targeted training measures can be taken. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is a standardized flow chart for tower crane top lifting and adding sections;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a standardized flow chart for tower crane lowering;

[0045] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a tower crane program operation assessment device based on the Internet of Things in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of a data acquisition system on a tower crane program operation model in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 is a flowchart of the tower crane programmed operation assessment method based on the Internet of Things in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 is a comparison chart of the scoring rules of the tower crane programmed operation assessment method based on the Internet of Things in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 is a comparison chart of the scoring rules of the tower crane programmed operation assessment method based on the Internet of Things in another embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0050] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0051] The tower crane programmed operation model involved in the present invention includes a foundation, a tower body, and a slewing jib stacked vertically from bottom to top. A hydraulic station is provided on the ground. The foundation consists of a steel plate. The tower body is stacked vertically by four standard sections, and the standard sections are connected by bolt sleeves attached to the columns; the slewing jib consists of a frame body, a jacking mechanism, a gantry mechanism, a balancing mechanism, adjusting rollers, and climbing claws; the balancing mechanism is fixed on the top of the slewing jib and consists of counterweights and slides, and can realize the moment balance of the tower crane model during the jacking process through the forward and backward movement of the counterweights; the hydraulic station provides the jacking power.

[0052] Figure 1 is the standardized process of tower crane jacking and adding sections, which decomposes the tower crane jacking and adding section operation into 21 processes, and corresponding monitoring indicators are set for each process according to its work content and completion standards.

[0053] Figure 2 is the standardized process of tower crane lowering sections, which decomposes the tower crane lowering section operation into 21 processes, and corresponding monitoring indicators are set for each process according to its work content and completion standards.

[0054] The monitoring indicators are the reflections of the tower crane mechanism state or environmental factors during the tower crane jacking and adding sections or lowering sections operation, and are divided into global safety indicators and process technical indicators.

[0055] The global safety indicators are the indicators that should be kept within the set thresholds or in the set specific states during the entire jacking and adding sections or lowering sections operation, including the balance situation of the slewing jib, the operating wind speed, and the displacement speed indicators.

[0056] The process technical indicators reflect the status of the monitored mechanism, that is, the specific state that the monitored mechanism should be in when each process is completed. The monitored mechanisms include climbing claws, jacking beam pins, introduction mechanisms, jacks, and other mechanisms of the tower crane.

[0057] The present invention provides a tower crane programmed operation assessment device based on the Internet of Things, as Figure 3 shown, including: a data acquisition system, an assessment operation system, and an assessment scoring system. Among them, the data acquisition system includes:

[0058] a sensor assembly for collecting sensing signals corresponding to the electrical circuit conditions, hydraulic part conditions, slewing bearing roller clearances, tower crane installation conditions, tower crane operation mechanism conditions, jacking system conditions, climbing claw positioning conditions, climbing claw states, tower body and support connection conditions, slewing bearing and support connection conditions, standard section positioning conditions, jacking beam pin connection conditions, and wind speed balance in the tower crane processes;

[0059] a front-end processor connected to the sensor assembly for converting the sensing signals into corresponding sensing physical quantities, and performing edge computing and data analysis on the sensing physical quantities to obtain preprocessed signals;

[0060] The assessment operation system is communicatively connected to the data acquisition system for reading the preprocessed signals according to preset information, and comparing the preprocessed signals with the preset information to obtain assessment data for assessing and determining the process operations; the preset information includes: the processes of programmed operations, technical indicators, sensors corresponding to the indicators, and their completion states or thresholds in each process;

[0061] The assessment scoring system is communicatively connected to the assessment operation system for scoring the received assessment data item by item according to the pre-written assessment scoring rules to obtain assessment result information.

[0062] Among them, the data acquisition system includes a sensor assembly and its front-end processing module. The sensor assembly includes a wind speed sensor, an inclination sensor, a switch sensor, a displacement sensor, etc. Sensors of different data types correspond to different front-end processing modules, and each sensor is correspondingly connected to its front-end processing module according to the on-site situation and installed on the tower crane. The front-end processing module can perform preliminary processing on the sensing signals collected by the sensors, and the processed information is sent to the assessment operation system.

[0063] In one embodiment, the sensor assembly includes:

[0064] A switch sensor for collecting sensing signals corresponding to the electrical circuit condition, the hydraulic part condition, the clearance of the sleeve roller, the installation condition of the tower crane, the operating mechanism condition of the tower crane, the jacking system condition, the position of the climbing claw, the state of the climbing claw, the connection condition between the tower body and the support, the connection condition between the sleeve and the support, and the position of the standard section, and the pin connection condition of the jacking crossbeam respectively;

[0065] An inclination sensor for collecting sensing signals corresponding to the balance of the sleeve;

[0066] An anemometer for collecting sensing signals corresponding to the operating wind speed;

[0067] A displacement sensor for collecting sensing signals corresponding to the extension length of the oil cylinder and the operating speed of the oil cylinder respectively.

[0068] In one embodiment, the switch sensor includes:

[0069] A manual push-button switch sensor for collecting sensing signals corresponding to the electrical circuit condition, the hydraulic part condition, the clearance of the sleeve roller, the installation condition of the tower crane, the operating mechanism condition of the tower crane, and the jacking system condition respectively;

[0070] A push-button switch sensor for collecting sensing signals corresponding to the position of the climbing claw;

[0071] A magnetic proximity switch sensor for collecting sensing signals corresponding to the state of the climbing claw and the pin connection condition of the jacking crossbeam;

[0072] A mechanical switch sensor for collecting sensing signals corresponding to the connection condition between the tower body and the support, the connection condition between the sleeve and the support, and the position of the standard section respectively.

[0073] As Figure 4 shown, to obtain the above monitoring indicators, various switch sensors, displacement sensors, anemometers, inclination sensors, and corresponding front-end processing modules are used for monitoring.

[0074] Six manual push-button switches are set, respectively representing the indicators "electrical circuit condition" (1-1), "hydraulic part condition" (1-2), "clearance of the sleeve roller" (1-3), "installation condition of the tower crane" (1-4), "operating mechanism condition of the tower crane" (1-5), and "jacking system condition" (1-6). During training and assessment, after the trainees complete the inspection of the tower crane mechanism, they manually press the corresponding switches. When the indicators are completed, it means that the condition of the mechanism is good.

[0075] The front-end processing module 1 is installed to collect the data collected by switches 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4, 1-5, 1-6, and send the processed data to the assessment operation system.

[0076] Install micro push-button switch sensors (2-1, 2-2) at the left and right crawler claws of the model to obtain the information of the index "crawler claw in-place condition". When the crawler claw is placed on the ear plate, the switch is triggered.

[0077] Install magnetic proximity switches (2-3, 2-4) on the sides of the left and right crawler claws of the model to obtain the information of the index "crawler claw state". When the crawler claw is in the limit state, the switch is triggered.

[0078] Install the front-end processor 2 in the middle of the mast climbing frame to collect the data collected by the switches 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, and send the processed data to the assessment operating system.

[0079] Install a mechanical switch (3-1) below the top of the model mast climbing frame near the tower body to obtain the information of the index "connection condition between the tower body and the support". When the tower body is connected to the support, the switch is triggered. It should be noted that the support of this model is simplified to above the top of the mast climbing frame.

[0080] Install a mechanical switch (3-2) above the top of the mast climbing frame near the mast climbing frame to obtain the information of the index "connection condition between the mast climbing frame and the support". When the mast climbing frame is connected to the support, the switch is triggered.

[0081] Install a mechanical switch (3-3) below the crossbar at the top of the mast climbing frame near the crossbar of the tower standard section to obtain the information of the index "standard section in-place condition". When the standard section to be installed or disassembled is inside the mast climbing frame, the switch is triggered.

[0082] Install the front-end processor 3 on the top of the mast climbing frame to collect the data collected by the switches 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, and send the processed data to the assessment operating system.

[0083] Install magnetic proximity switches (4-1, 4-2) at the pin safety of the left and right jacking beams of the model to obtain the "connection condition of the jacking beam pin". When the jacking beam pin is inserted into the ear plate and locked, the switch is triggered.

[0084] Install the front-end processor 4 on the jacking beam to collect the data collected by the switches 4-1, 4-2, and send the processed data to the assessment operating system.

[0085] Install an inclination sensor on the top of the mast climbing frame to obtain the information of the index "mast climbing frame balance". The inclination sensor monitors the index information of "mast climbing frame balance" in real time and sends the index information to the assessment operating system.

[0086] Install a wind speed sensor on the top of the mast climbing frame to obtain the information of the index "operating wind speed". The wind speed sensor monitors the index information of "operating wind speed" in real time, and uses the front-end processor to process the data collected by the wind speed sensor, and sends the processed data to the assessment operating system.

[0087] Install a displacement sensor and its front-end processing module on the jacking mechanism to obtain information on the indicators "cylinder extension length" and "cylinder operation speed". The displacement sensor monitors the "cylinder extension length" indicator information in real time. After the front-end processing module processes the data collected by the displacement sensor, it calculates the "cylinder operation speed" indicator and sends the processed data to the assessment operation system.

[0088] In one embodiment, the assessment operation system includes:

[0089] A first writer for writing preset information;

[0090] A first processor, connected to the first writer, for storing preset information and receiving preprocessing signals, and also for comparing the preprocessing signals with the preset information to obtain assessment data for assessing and determining the process operation.

[0091] In one embodiment, the assessment operation system further includes:

[0092] A start-stop switch assembly, connected to the first processor, including a start button and a stop button, for entering the process when the start button is pressed; and also for confirming the completion of the current process when the stop button is pressed, so that the assessment operation system sends the preprocessing signals passing through the first processor in the current operation process to the scoring and assessment system;

[0093] A voice prompt assembly, connected to the start-stop switch assembly, for broadcasting a prompt signal indicating the start of this process after the start button is pressed; to ensure the safety of the next process; and for broadcasting a prompt signal indicating the completion of this process when the process is completed.

[0094] The assessment operation system is a centralized module, including a data transceiver, a first processor, a first writer, a start-stop switch assembly, and a voice prompt assembly. Among them, the data transceiver, the first writer, the start-stop switch assembly, and the voice prompt assembly are connected to the first processor module.

[0095] The first writer can be connected to the computer USB serial port to modify the process content and threshold in the data processing module.

[0096] The start-stop switch assembly includes a process start button and a process stop button. The submission of the completion of the work step operation and the start of the process are realized by manipulating the buttons.

[0097] The first processor determines the process completion status based on the input process monitoring index status, monitoring content, and sensor information. After receiving the process start control signal, it jumps to the corresponding process, and the trainee performs the process operation. After receiving the process end control signal, it determines the process completion status, sends the judgment result to the data transceiver module, and broadcasts the name of the uncompleted monitoring index through the voice prompt component. The trainee corrects the operation according to the prompt until the voice broadcasts "XX process ends. Do you want to start XX process (next process)". The voice prompt component is a digital voice module that performs voice broadcasts accordingly based on the signal sent by the data processing module.

[0098] The data transceiver receives the monitoring index data from the front-end processing module, sends the data within each process to the first processor, and sends the processing results of the first processor within each process to the assessment and scoring system.

[0099] Table 1 shows the status and content of the jacking and adding section monitoring indexes, and Table 2 shows the status and content of the lowering section monitoring indexes. As follows:

[0100]

[0101] Table 1

[0102]

[0103] Table 2

[0104] In one embodiment, the assessment and scoring system includes:

[0105] A second writer for pre-writing the assessment and scoring rules;

[0106] A second processor, connected to the second writer, for scoring the received assessment data according to the pre-written assessment and scoring rules to obtain the assessment result information.

[0107] In one embodiment, the assessment and scoring system further includes:

[0108] A display component, connected to the second processor, for displaying the assessment result information.

[0109] In one embodiment, the assessment and scoring system further includes:

[0110] A memory, connected to the second processor, for storing the assessment result information and having a data export function.

[0111] The assessment and scoring system consists of a data receiver, a second writer, a second processor, a display component, and a memory.

[0112] The data receiving module receives the data from the assessment operating system and sends the data to the second processor.

[0113] The second writer can be connected to the computer USB serial port to modify the scoring rules in the second processor.

[0114] The second processor determines the data of each process according to the written scoring rules, and outputs the scores of each process and the assessment scoring results.

[0115] The display component displays the assessment scoring results, including the total score and whether it is qualified.

[0116] The memory stores the score situations of each stage and the total score situation.

[0117] The scoring rules are set according to the required completion indicators of each process content, including the scoring rules for jacking up and adding sections and the scoring rules for lowering sections.

[0118] The scoring rules are as Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown. The total score is 100 points, and 80 points and above are qualified.

[0119] Start the assessment device. The trainee manipulates the assessment operating system and confirms to start the exam. The system prompts to start the first process. The trainee completes the relevant operations required for the first process. The state of the relevant mechanisms of the tower crane changes, the sensor monitoring values change, the data collection system collects the data and sends the processed data to the training and assessment system. The training and assessment system determines the completion situation of the process according to the pre-entered process and content. After the trainee completes the process and submits it, the training and assessment system sends the operation data of this process to the assessment scoring system for process score determination. At the same time, the training and assessment system determines whether the process is correct and complete. If the process is correct and complete, it directly enters the next process. Otherwise, the system gives a voice prompt, and the trainee corrects the operation according to the prompt. After improving the process, it enters the next process until the end of the last process, and the assessment scoring system gives the assessment result.

[0120] According to another aspect of the present invention, as Figure 5 shown, a tower crane procedural operation assessment method based on the Internet of Things is proposed, including:

[0121] S1: Collect the respective sensing signals corresponding to the electrical circuit situation, hydraulic part situation, clearance of the slewing bearing rollers, tower crane installation situation, tower crane operation mechanism situation, jacking system situation, position of the climbing claws, state of the climbing claws, connection situation between the tower body and the support, connection situation between the slewing bearing and the support, position of the standard section, pin connection situation of the jacking crossbeam, and wind speed balance in the tower crane process;

[0122] S2: Convert the sensing signals into corresponding sensing physical quantities, and perform edge computing and data analysis on the sensing physical quantities to obtain preprocessed signals;

[0123] S3: Read the preprocessed signal according to the preset information, and compare the preprocessed signal with the preset information to obtain assessment data for assessing and determining the process operation; the preset information includes: the processes of programmed operations, technical indicators, sensors corresponding to the indicators, and their completion status or thresholds under each process;

[0124] S4: Score each item of the assessment data according to the pre-written assessment scoring rules to obtain assessment result information.

[0125] Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An Internet of Things-based tower crane programmed operation assessment device, characterized in that, Including: A data acquisition system, including: a sensor component and a front-end processor; the sensor component is used to collect sensing signals respectively corresponding to the electrical circuit condition, hydraulic part condition, clearance of the sleeve roller, tower crane installation condition, tower crane operation mechanism condition, jacking system condition, claw in-place condition, claw state, connection condition between the tower body and the support, connection condition between the sleeve and the support, standard section in-place condition, pin connection condition of the jacking crossbeam, sleeve balance, wind speed balance, cylinder extension length, and cylinder operation speed in the tower crane process; the front-end processor is connected to the sensor component and is used to convert the sensing signals into corresponding sensing physical quantities, and perform edge calculation and data analysis on the sensing physical quantities to obtain preprocessed signals; An assessment operation system, communicatively connected to the data acquisition system, is used to read the preprocessed signals according to preset information, and compare the preprocessed signals with the preset information to obtain assessment data for assessing and determining the process operation; the preset information includes: processes of programmed operations, technical indicators, sensors corresponding to the indicators, and their completion status or thresholds under each process; Among them, corresponding monitoring indicators are set for each process according to its work content and completion standards; the monitoring indicators reflect the state of the tower crane mechanism or environmental factors during the tower crane jacking and adding section or lowering section operation, and are divided into global safety indicators and process technical indicators; the global safety indicators are indicators that should be kept within the set thresholds or in the set specific states during the entire jacking and adding section or lowering section operation, including sleeve balance condition, operating wind speed, and displacement speed indicators; the process technical indicators reflect the state of the monitored mechanism, that is, the specific state that the monitored mechanism should be in when each process is completed, and the monitored mechanisms include claws, pin shafts of the jacking crossbeam, introduction mechanism, jack, and other tower crane mechanisms; An assessment scoring system, communicatively connected to the assessment operation system, is used to score the received assessment data item by item according to the pre-written assessment scoring rules to obtain assessment result information; The assessment operation system includes: A first writer, used to write the preset information; A first processor, connected to the first writer, is used to store the preset information and receive the preprocessed signals, and is also used to compare the preprocessed signals with the preset information to obtain assessment data for assessing and determining the process operation; The assessment scoring system includes: A second writer, used to pre-write the assessment scoring rules; A second processor, connected to the second writer, is used to score the received assessment data according to the pre-written assessment scoring rules to obtain assessment result information.

2. The Internet of Things-based tower crane programmed operation assessment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor component includes: A switch sensor, used to collect sensing signals respectively corresponding to the electrical circuit condition, hydraulic part condition, clearance of the sleeve roller, tower crane installation condition, tower crane operation mechanism condition, jacking system condition, claw in-place condition, claw state, connection condition between the tower body and the support, connection condition between the sleeve and the support, standard section in-place condition, and pin connection condition of the jacking crossbeam; An inclination sensor, used to collect the sensing signal corresponding to the sleeve balance; A wind speed sensor for collecting sensing signals corresponding to the operating wind speed; A displacement sensor for collecting sensing signals corresponding to the extended length of the oil cylinder and the operating speed of the oil cylinder respectively.

3. The Internet of Things-based tower crane programmed operation assessment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The switch sensor includes: A manual button switch sensor for collecting sensing signals corresponding to the electrical circuit condition, the hydraulic part condition, the clearance of the sleeve roller, the tower crane installation condition, the tower crane operating mechanism condition, and the jacking system condition respectively; A push-button switch sensor for collecting sensing signals corresponding to the in-place condition of the climbing claw; A magnetic proximity switch sensor for collecting sensing signals corresponding to the state of the climbing claw and the pin connection condition of the jacking crossbeam; A mechanical switch sensor for collecting sensing signals corresponding to the connection condition between the tower body and the support, the connection condition between the sleeve and the support, and the in-place condition of the standard section respectively.

4. The Internet of Things-based tower crane programmed operation assessment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The assessment operation system further includes: A start-stop switch assembly connected to the first processor, including a start button and a stop button, for entering the process when the start button is pressed; and for confirming the completion of the current process when the stop button is pressed, so that the assessment operation system sends the preprocessing signal passing through the first processor in the current operation process to the scoring and assessment system; A voice prompt assembly connected to the start-stop switch assembly, for broadcasting a prompt signal indicating the start of this process after the start button is pressed; to ensure the safety of the next process; and for broadcasting a prompt signal indicating the completion of this process when the process is completed.

5. The Internet of Things-based tower crane programmed operation assessment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The assessment and scoring system further includes: A display assembly connected to the second processor for displaying the assessment result information.

6. The Internet of Things-based tower crane programmed operation assessment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The assessment and scoring system further includes: A memory connected to the second processor for storing the assessment result information and having a data export function.

7. An Internet of Things-based tower crane programmed operation assessment method, characterized in that, Applied to the tower crane programmatic operation assessment device based on the Internet of Things according to any one of claims 1-6, including: S1: Collect sensing signals corresponding to the electrical circuit condition, the hydraulic part condition, the clearance of the sleeve roller, the tower crane installation condition, the tower crane operating mechanism condition, the jacking system condition, the in-place condition of the climbing claw, the state of the climbing claw, the connection condition between the tower body and the support, the connection condition between the sleeve and the support, the in-place condition of the standard section, the pin connection condition of the jacking crossbeam, and the wind speed balance respectively in the tower crane process; S2: Convert the sensing signals into corresponding sensing physical quantities, and perform edge computing and data analysis on the sensing physical quantities to obtain preprocessing signals; S3: Read the preprocessing signals according to the preset information, and compare the preprocessing signals with the preset information to obtain assessment data for assessing and determining the process operation; the preset information includes: the processes of programmatic operation, technical indicators, sensors corresponding to the indicators, and their completion states or thresholds in each process; S4: Score the assessment data item by item according to the pre-written assessment scoring rules to obtain assessment result information.

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