A saline-alkali soil special rice bio-organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a saline-alkali soil special rice bio-organic fertilizer, which comprises halomonas, bacillus subtilis, paenibacillus polymyxa, bacillus thuringiensis, lactobacillus plantarum, longovis rubescens and organic fertilizer. In actual preparation, the microorganism is expanded to obtain a microbial agent, then the rotten cow dung and auxiliary materials are uniformly mixed, granulation drying is carried out, and after cooling treatment, the microbial agent and a coating agent mixed solution are added to carry out coating treatment, and then packaging is carried out. After the finished product is packaged, it can be used after being stored in a warehouse for a period of time. The microbial fertilizer has high organic matter content and active bacteria quantity, and in combination with conventional irrigation and fertilization measures, can improve the soil structure of saline-alkali soil, reduce the soil salt content and pH, enhance the stress resistance of crops, promote the growth of rice, and increase the yield, so that the effects of improving soil, fertilizing, resisting stress and promoting growth are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of biology, and in particular to a rice bio-organic fertilizer specifically for saline-alkali land and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] The fundamental cause of saline-alkali soil formation lies in high evaporation and poor drainage. Therefore, in the initial stages of improvement, the focus should be on improving soil moisture. This process generally involves several steps: first, draining and leaching salts to reduce soil salinity; then, planting salt-tolerant plants to enrich the soil; and finally, planting crops. Specific improvement measures include: drainage, irrigation to leach salts, and agronomical measures to improve soil fertility.

[0003] In many countries, soil salinization is considered a major threat to environmental resources and human health, affecting nearly 1 billion hectares (hm²) worldwide. 2 Saline-alkali land accounts for approximately 7% of the Earth's continental area. Statistics show that the total area of ​​saline-alkali land in my country has reached 0.991 billion hectares (hm²). 2 China ranks third in the world in terms of saline-alkali soil content, only behind Russia and Australia, accounting for approximately 10% of the world's saline-alkali soil area. Soil salinization affects almost all aspects of plant development, including germination, vegetative growth, and reproductive development. Soil salinization also exacerbates ion toxicity, osmotic stress, nutrient (N, Ca, K, P, Fe, Zn) deficiencies, and oxidative stress, thus limiting the effective absorption of nutrients by plants. High salt levels in the soil can disrupt the nutrient balance in plants or interfere with the uptake of certain nutrients by some plants, and also affect crop photosynthesis, ultimately leading to low agricultural productivity.

[0004] Microbial fertilizers, also known as bio-fertilizers, inoculants, or microbial fertilizers, are a type of fertilizer product that uses the life activities of microorganisms as its core to provide crops with specific fertilization effects. Microbial fertilizers differ fundamentally from chemical fertilizers: the former are living organisms, while the latter are mineral elements. Microbial resources are abundant, with diverse types and functions, allowing for the development of fertilizers with different functions and uses. Furthermore, microbial strains can be artificially selected, purified, and rejuvenated to enhance their vitality. Especially with the further development of biotechnology, obtaining desired strains through genetic engineering methods has become possible.

[0005] There are many types of microbial fertilizers, which are generally divided into two categories: one is microbial fertilizer in a narrow sense, which refers to fertilizers that increase the supply of plant nutrients through the life activities of microorganisms, including increasing the total supply of plant nutrients in the soil and production environment, thereby improving the nutritional status of plants and increasing yield. The representative variety of this type of microbial fertilizer is rhizobium fertilizer. The other is microbial fertilizer in a broad sense, which refers to fertilizers that, through the life activities of the microorganisms, not only increase the supply of plant nutrients but also produce plant growth hormones, promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients by plants, or antagonize the pathogenic effects of certain pathogenic microorganisms, reduce crop diseases and pests, and promote increased crop yield.

[0006] However, existing microbial fertilizers only address the issue of salt and alkali tolerance, thereby improving the salt and alkali tolerance of crops. They do not address the issue of integrating multiple functions such as soil improvement, nitrogen fixation, carbon fixation, salt and alkali reduction, disease and pest resistance, lodging resistance, and growth promotion. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This application provides a rice bio-organic fertilizer specifically for saline-alkali land and its preparation method, which solves the problem that traditional microorganisms in the prior art only have the function of salt and alkali tolerance and do not have the function of improving saline-alkali land, resulting in limited functionality and narrow application range.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides a rice bio-organic fertilizer specifically for saline-alkali land, comprising:

[0009] Halomonas, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus polymyxa, Bacillus thuringiensis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Gum-like red long-lived bacteria, and organic fertilizer;

[0010] The organic fertilizer includes cow manure, humic acid, amino acids, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer, red clay, microsilica powder, desulfurized gypsum, zeolite, and trace elements.

[0011] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application also provides a method for preparing rice bio-organic fertilizer specifically for saline-alkali land, which includes:

[0012] Halomonas, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus polymyxa, and Bacillus thuringiensis were cultured using LB broth medium; Lactobacillus plantarum was cultured using MRS medium; and Collagenous red long-lived bacteria were cultured using photosynthetic bacteria medium.

[0013] The halomonas, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus polymyxa, Bacillus thuringiensis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Collagenous red long-lived bacteria are multiplied in their respective fermenters to prepare microbial agents.

[0014] Select well-rotted cow dung and auxiliary materials, mix the cow dung and auxiliary materials in a ratio of 56:44, perform disc granulation and drying;

[0015] The dried granules are added to a cooling device, and then coated with the mixture of the microbial agent and coating agent before packaging.

[0016] The packaged finished product is stacked in a warehouse to obtain microbial fertilizer;

[0017] The auxiliary materials include 15 parts humic acid, 12 parts amino acids, 8 parts nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer, 5 parts red clay, 1 part silica fume, 1 part food-grade zeolite, 1 part desulfurized gypsum and 1 part trace element fertilizer.

[0018] Preferably, the process of culturing Halomonas, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus polymyxa, and Bacillus thuringiensis using LB broth medium specifically involves:

[0019] The target colony is scraped from the plate using an inoculation loop and inoculated into the LB broth medium. After being cultured at 28-32℃ for 48 hours, the corresponding Halomonas, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus polymyxa, and Bacillus thuringiensis are obtained.

[0020] Preferably, the process of culturing *Lactobacillus plantarum* using MRS medium specifically involves:

[0021] Colonies were scraped from the plate using an inoculation loop and inoculated into the MRS medium. The colonies were then cultured at 28-32°C for 48 hours to obtain the *Lactobacillus plantarum* corresponding to the colonies.

[0022] Preferably, the process of culturing the gelatinous red long-lived bacteria using a photosynthetic bacteria culture medium specifically involves:

[0023] Colonies were scraped from the plate using an inoculation loop and inoculated into the photosynthetic bacteria culture medium. The colonies were then cultured at 3000 lx light and 28-32°C for 7 days to obtain the gelatinous red long-lived bacteria corresponding to the colonies.

[0024] Compared to existing technologies, this application provides a rice bio-organic fertilizer specifically for saline-alkali land, comprising *Haloxylon ammodendron*, *Bacillus subtilis*, *Bacillus polymyxa*, *Bacillus thuringiensis*, *Lactobacillus plantarum*, *Lactobacillus rubrum*, and organic fertilizer. In actual preparation, the microorganisms are first propagated to obtain microbial agents. Then, well-rotted cow manure and auxiliary materials are mixed, granulated, dried, and cooled. After cooling, the mixture is coated with the microbial agents and a coating agent in a coating tank before packaging. After packaging, the finished product is stored in a warehouse for a period of time before use. This microbial fertilizer has a high organic matter content and a high number of live bacteria. Combined with conventional fertilization and irrigation, it can enhance crop resistance, promote rice growth, and increase yield. Simultaneously, it can improve the soil structure of saline-alkali land, reduce soil salinity and pH, achieving the effects of fertilization, soil improvement, stress resistance, and growth promotion. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for preparing rice-based bio-organic fertilizer specifically for saline-alkali land, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] The core of this application is to provide a rice bio-organic fertilizer specifically for saline-alkali land and its preparation method. This can solve the problem that traditional microorganisms in the prior art only have the function of salt and alkali tolerance, but do not have the functions of soil improvement, nitrogen fixation, carbon fixation, salt and alkali reduction, disease and pest resistance, lodging resistance, and growth promotion in saline-alkali land. Their functions are limited and their application scope is narrow.

[0029] A rice bio-organic fertilizer specifically for saline-alkali land includes:

[0030] Halomonas, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus polymyxa, Bacillus thuringiensis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Gum-like red long-lived bacteria, and organic fertilizer;

[0031] Organic fertilizers include cow manure, humic acid, amino acids, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, red clay, silica fume, desulfurized gypsum, zeolite, and trace elements.

[0032] Specifically, *Halomonas* is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming rod-shaped bacterium with yellow, raised colonies, intact edges, smooth surfaces, and opaque colonies. It is aerobic and chemoheterotrophic. The optimal growth temperature is 28°C. Small molecules that regulate osmotic pressure can be used as stimulant protectants against high salt, heat denaturation, drying, freezing, and as stabilizers for enzymes, nucleic acids, membranes, and cells. In practical studies, this strain has been found to promote soil aggregate formation.

[0033] Bacillus subtilis is a Gram-positive aerobic bacterium, elliptical or cylindrical in shape, with spores located centrally or slightly off-center. The bacterial cell does not swell after spore formation. The colony surface is rough and opaque, off-white or slightly yellow, and often forms a wrinkled appearance when grown in liquid media. It can utilize proteins, various sugars, and starch, and decompose tryptophan to form indole; it can fix atmospheric nitrogen, providing nitrogen for crop growth, promoting soil aggregate formation, improving soil fertility and water retention capacity, increasing soil looseness, and promoting root growth. This strain, isolated from saline-alkali soils in Ningxia, exhibits good salt and alkali tolerance and growth-promoting potential. Practical studies have shown that this strain can promote soil aggregate formation.

[0034] Polymyxin Bacillus is a spore-forming aerobic Gram-positive bacterium with straight rod-shaped cells. Its colonies are typically pale yellow or white and viscous with a moist and smooth surface. It can move using peritrichous flagella. This strain was isolated from saline soil in Ningxia and has nitrogen-fixing, auxin-producing, and good salt and alkali tolerance and growth-promoting potential.

[0035] Bacillus thuringiensis is a rod-shaped, aerobic, Gram-positive bacterium capable of forming endospores. Its vegetative cells may have peritrichous flagella or be non-flagellated. During its spore stage, it can form parasporal crystals composed of insecticidal crystalline proteins that are toxic to specific insects. Due to its unique insecticidal properties, Bacillus thuringiensis has received widespread attention and research since it was first isolated by the Japanese scholar Ishiwata in 1901. Our understanding of its bioactivity spectrum has been greatly expanded. From its initial toxicity to Lepidoptera, it has gradually been discovered that it also has specific biological activities against more than 500 species of insects in 10 orders of insects, including Diptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, and Homoptera, as well as certain harmful species in the protozoa, Nematoda, and Platyhelminthes phyla. This strain was isolated from local saline soil in Ningxia and has nitrogen-fixing, auxin-producing, and good salt and alkali tolerance and growth-promoting potential.

[0036] Lactobacillus plantarum belongs to the genus Lactobacillus in the family Lactobacillusaceae. Its optimal growth temperature is 30-35℃. It is anaerobic or facultative anaerobic, and the bacteria are straight or curved rods, occurring singly, sometimes in pairs, or in chains. It is a homofermentative lactic acid bacteria. Adding different concentrations of lactic acid bacteria extracellular polysaccharides to the soil can promote the growth of rice seedlings, increase soil enzyme activity, and also have a significant activating effect on soil nutrients.

[0037] *Long-lived Red Gum* is the only known photosynthetic bacterium capable of secreting proteases. Morphologically, this strain is short rod-shaped with very small cells, Gram-negative staining, few but long flagella, polarity, and strong cell motility. Colonies are small, thick, moist, and easily picked up, but cells are not easily dispersed. Under a light microscope, it is observed to reproduce by binary fission, with many cells merging into long rod-shaped structures after division. This strain can grow in a pH range of 4-9, with the optimal pH range for hydrogen production and growth being 5.8-8.5. This strain can efficiently produce hydrogen and decompose organic matter, particularly reducing the COD value of organic wastewater, thus having a certain impact on purifying paddy field water. It can also utilize carbon dioxide, light energy, hydrogen, and other growth factors for autotrophic growth, exhibiting carbon fixation capabilities. This strain was isolated from groundwater in saline soil and has a certain degree of salt tolerance. Furthermore, there is no antagonistic effect between different strains.

[0038] Figure 1 The flowchart of a method for preparing rice bio-organic fertilizer specifically for saline-alkali land provided in an embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, based on the above-mentioned rice bio-organic fertilizer specifically for saline-alkali land, the method includes the following steps:

[0039] S101: Halomonas, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus polymyxa, and Bacillus thuringiensis were cultured using LB broth medium; Lactobacillus plantarum was cultured using MRS medium; and Collagenous red long-lived bacteria were cultured using photosynthetic bacteria medium.

[0040] S102: Microbial agents are prepared by propagating Halomonas, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus polymyxa, Bacillus thuringiensis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Collagenous red clumps in the corresponding fermenters.

[0041] S103: Select well-rotted cow dung and auxiliary materials, mix them in a ratio of 56:44, granulate them in a disc and dry them.

[0042] S104: The dried granules are added to a cooling device, and then coated with a mixture of microbial inoculant and coating agent before packaging.

[0043] S105: The packaged products are stacked in the warehouse.

[0044] The auxiliary materials include 15 parts humic acid, 12 parts amino acids, 8 parts nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer, 5 parts red clay, 1 part silica fume, 1 part food-grade zeolite, 1 part desulfurized gypsum, and 1 part trace element fertilizer.

[0045] Specifically, cow manure, as an excellent biomass resource, contains a large amount of mineral elements and organic matter. It can be used as a soil amendment, which can not only improve the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity, but also reduce the risk of soil being polluted by heavy metals. Long-term application of organic and inorganic fertilizers can promote the formation of large aggregates and enhance the soil's carbon sequestration. The application of bio-fertilizers has great potential to overcome or alleviate the obstacles of crop rotation and continuous cropping.

[0046] Silicon is one of the essential macroelements for rice growth. With increasing intensive rice cultivation and higher rice yields, coupled with losses from leaching and seepage, silicon deficiency in the soil may occur in the long run. This will inevitably affect the high and stable yield of rice and even restrict the sustainable development of agriculture. Microsilica powder, as an industrial waste, can be added to bio-fertilizers, allowing for the full utilization of resources and providing silicon for rice growth.

[0047] Zeolite powder is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, mineralized trace elements, ultra-trace elements, and organic active substances. Through the release, transformation, exchange, and replacement of active enzymes, it directly provides comprehensive direct and indirect nutrients to crops and soil, improving water and fertilizer retention capacity. It helps seedlings absorb, transfer, and store organic fertilizers in the soil and absorb natural nitrogen fertilizers from the air, providing the soil with more mineral nutrients. This not only promotes a healthy soil cycle but also meets the nutritional needs of crops during growth, effectively increasing crop yield and improving product quality. Furthermore, it possesses unique benefits such as disease prevention, stress resistance, flood resistance, cold resistance, resistance to hot and dry winds, lodging resistance, prevention of premature aging, control of plant diseases and pests, regulation of continuous cropping, maintenance of soil fertility, and increased economic benefits.

[0048] Desulfurized gypsum dissolution produces Ca 2+ Replacement of exchangeable Na on soil colloids + Under the action of water, the sodium salts being replaced are leached from the soil, thereby reducing the pH value and soil alkalinity, and improving the soil's physical and chemical properties. At the same time, desulfurized gypsum can enhance the soil's ion adsorption capacity and improve soil water retention. Using desulfurized gypsum to improve the soil can increase soil porosity, thereby increasing soil water holding capacity. In addition, soil after the application of desulfurized gypsum is more conducive to the growth of microorganisms.

[0049] In actual preparation, as a preferred embodiment, *Haloxylon ammodendron*, *Bacillus subtilis*, *Bacillus polymyxa*, and *Bacillus thuringiensis* were cultured in LB broth medium, specifically as follows:

[0050] Target colonies were scraped from agar plates using an inoculation loop and inoculated into LB broth medium. The colonies were then incubated at 28-32°C for 48 hours to obtain the corresponding *Haloxymonas*, *Bacillus subtilis*, *Bacillus polymyxa*, and *Bacillus thuringiensis* colonies. Specifically, *Haloxymonas* colonies were scraped, inoculated into LB broth medium, and incubated at 28-32°C for 48 hours to obtain *Haloxymonas*; *Bacillus subtilis* colonies were scraped, inoculated into LB broth medium, and incubated at 28-32°C for 48 hours to obtain *Bacillus subtilis*; *Bacillus polymyxa* colonies were scraped, inoculated into LB broth medium, and incubated at 28-32°C for 48 hours to obtain *Bacillus polymyxa*; and *Bacillus thuringiensis* colonies were scraped, inoculated into LB broth medium, and incubated at 28-32°C for 48 hours to obtain *Bacillus thuringiensis*. During the cultivation process, it is necessary to ensure that the effective viable count of the seed culture for each bacterium is greater than 10. 9 cfu / mL.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment, the specific method of culturing *Lactobacillus plantarum* using MRS medium is as follows:

[0052] Colonies were scraped from the plate using an inoculation loop and inoculated onto MRS medium. After incubation at 28-32°C for 48 hours, the corresponding *Lactobacillus plantarum* strains were obtained. During the incubation process, it is essential to ensure that the viable count of the seed culture corresponding to *Lactobacillus plantarum* is greater than 10-1. 9 cfu / mL.

[0053] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment, the gelatinous red long-lived bacteria are cultured using a photosynthetic bacteria culture medium as follows:

[0054] Colonies were scraped from the plate using an inoculation loop and inoculated onto a photosynthetic bacteria medium. After incubation at 3000 lx light and 28-32°C for 7 days, the corresponding *Geloidococcus faecium* was obtained. During the incubation process, it is necessary to ensure that the viable count of the seed culture corresponding to *Geloidococcus faecium* is greater than 10-1. 8 The concentration of cfu / mL is high, and the culture medium turns dark red during the incubation process. If the bacterial count is insufficient, multiple enrichment processes can be performed.

[0055] The microbial agent obtained through step S102 has a high concentration and can be used to produce bio-fertilizer.

[0056] The auxiliary materials in step S103 are 15 parts humic acid, 12 parts amino acids, 8 parts nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer, 5 parts red clay, 1 part silica powder, 1 part zeolite (food grade), 1 part desulfurized gypsum, and 1 part trace element fertilizer, mixed evenly in proportion.

[0057] Prepare well-rotted cow manure and auxiliary materials, mix them in a 56:44 ratio, granulate them using a disc mill, dry them, and then add a high-concentration mixture of microbial inoculant and coating agent after passing them through a cooling device. The finished product is then packaged, with a moisture content of approximately 17% at the time of packaging. Finally, the packaged product is stored in a warehouse for about one week. This storage period increases the number of live bacteria, improves the quality of the microbial fertilizer, and reduces subsequent problems caused by fertilizer heat generation.

[0058] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand this solution, the following description uses specific application scenarios:

[0059] Basic physicochemical properties of the experimental site: pH value 8.4, total salt content 1.83 g / kg, organic matter content 9.9 g / kg, total nitrogen content 1.18 g / kg, total phosphorus content 0.59 g / kg, alkaline nitrogen content 0.042 g / kg, available phosphorus content 3.38 mg / kg, and available potassium content 0.32 g / kg.

[0060] The experiment used a randomized block design with a plot size of 20m². 2 The experiment, conducted in a 5m × 4m area, included four treatments: T1: bio-fertilizer + reduced chemical fertilizer application; T2: bio-fertilizer inactivated + reduced chemical fertilizer application; T3: reduced chemical fertilizer application; and T4: control (no fertilization). Bio-fertilizer was applied as basal fertilizer at a rate of 100 kg / 667m². 2 Microbial fertilizers were applied as base fertilizer, while the amount of chemical fertilizer (diammonium phosphate) was reduced to half of the local farmers' usual application rate, at 14.25 kg / 667 m². 2 Apply base fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and panicle fertilizer in a ratio of 5:3:2, and manage water and fertilizer in the same way as in the field.

[0061] Application effects: After applying bio-fertilizer combined with reduced chemical fertilizer, the chlorophyll content, effective tiller number, root length, leaf area, dry matter weight, and yield of rice leaves were significantly higher than those of the reduced chemical fertilizer and the blank control (P<0.05). Plant height was also greater in these treatments, indicating that bio-fertilizer effectively promotes rice growth and increases yield in saline-alkali land. Compared with the blank control, the organic matter content increased after applying bio-fertilizer, the pH value decreased by approximately 0.3, and the total salt content decreased by 0.3 g / kg. In the bio-fertilizer + reduced fertilizer application, both pH and total salt content were lower than in the bio-fertilizer inactivated + reduced fertilizer application, indicating that the added microorganisms play an important role in the salinity reduction process.

[0062] Table 1. Agronomic traits and yield of rice plants during the grain-filling stage treated with bio-fertilizer

[0063]

[0064] Note: The data in the table are mean ± standard deviation. Different uppercase and lowercase letters in the same column indicate differences between different treatments at the 0.01 and 0.05 level, respectively.

[0065] Table 2. Impacts of Biofertilizer Treatment on Rice Soil Environment

[0066] deal with organic matter g / kg pH Total salt g / kg Alkaline nitrogen mg / kg Available phosphorus mg / kg Available potassium mg / kg T1 24.77 8.11 0.93 72.80 79.92 262.63 T2 25.22 8.26 1.03 63.80 83.12 226.26 T3 21.50 8.39 1.09 53.55 80.81 218.18 T4 20.34 8.43 1.28 51.80 78.15 226.26

[0067] This application provides a rice bio-organic fertilizer specifically for saline-alkali land, comprising *Haloxylon ammodendron*, *Bacillus subtilis*, *Bacillus polymyxa*, *Bacillus thuringiensis*, *Lactobacillus plantarum*, *Lactobacillus rubrum*, and organic fertilizer. In actual preparation, the microorganisms are first propagated to obtain microbial inoculants. Then, well-rotted cow manure and auxiliary materials are mixed, granulated, dried, and cooled. After cooling, the mixture is coated with the microbial inoculants and a coating agent in a coating tank before packaging. After packaging, the finished product is stored in a warehouse for a period of time before use. This microbial fertilizer has a high organic matter content and a high number of live bacteria. When combined with conventional fertilization and irrigation, it can enhance crop resistance, promote rice growth, and increase yield. Simultaneously, it can improve the soil structure of saline-alkali land, reduce soil salinity and pH, achieving the effects of fertilization, soil improvement, stress resistance, and growth promotion.

[0068] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and incorporate common knowledge or customary techniques in the art disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope of this application is indicated by the claims.

[0069] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The embodiments of this application described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A rice-based bio-organic fertilizer specifically for saline-alkali land, characterized in that, include: Halomonas, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus polymyxa, Bacillus thuringiensis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Gum-like red long-lived bacteria, and organic fertilizer; The organic fertilizer includes cow manure, humic acid, amino acids, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer, red clay, microsilica powder, desulfurized gypsum, zeolite, and trace elements.

2. A method for preparing rice-based bio-organic fertilizer specifically for saline-alkali land, based on the rice-based bio-organic fertilizer for saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: Halomonas, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus polymyxa, and Bacillus thuringiensis were cultured using LB broth medium; Lactobacillus plantarum was cultured using MRS medium; and Collagenous red long-lived bacteria were cultured using photosynthetic bacteria medium. The halomonas, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus polymyxa, Bacillus thuringiensis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Collagenous red long-lived bacteria are multiplied in their respective fermenters to prepare microbial agents. Select well-rotted cow dung and auxiliary materials, mix the cow dung and auxiliary materials in a ratio of 56:44, perform disc granulation and dry; The dried granules are added to a cooling device, and then coated with the mixture of the microbial agent and coating agent before packaging. The packaged finished product is stacked in a warehouse to obtain microbial fertilizer; The auxiliary materials include 15 parts humic acid, 12 parts amino acids, 8 parts nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer, 5 parts red clay, 1 part silica fume, 1 part food-grade zeolite, 1 part desulfurized gypsum and 1 part trace element fertilizer.

3. The method for preparing rice-based bio-organic fertilizer specifically for saline-alkali land according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific methods used to culture *Haloxymonas*, *Bacillus subtilis*, *Bacillus polymyxa*, and *Bacillus thuringiensis* using LB broth medium are as follows: The target colony is scraped from the plate using an inoculation loop and inoculated into the LB broth medium. After being cultured at 28-32℃ for 48 hours, the corresponding Halomonas, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus polymyxa, and Bacillus thuringiensis are obtained.

4. The method for preparing rice-based bio-organic fertilizer specifically for saline-alkali land according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific process of culturing *Lactobacillus plantarum* using MRS medium is as follows: Colonies were scraped from the plate using an inoculation loop and inoculated into the MRS medium. The colonies were then cultured at 28-32°C for 48 hours to obtain the *Lactobacillus plantarum* corresponding to the colonies.

5. The method for preparing rice-based bio-organic fertilizer specifically for saline-alkali land according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific process of culturing gelatinous red long-lived bacteria using photosynthetic bacteria culture medium is as follows: Colonies were scraped from the plate using an inoculation loop and inoculated into the photosynthetic bacteria culture medium. The colonies were then cultured at 3000 lx light and 28-32°C for 7 days to obtain the gelatinous red long-lived bacteria corresponding to the colonies.

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