Adaptive PLL bandwidth control

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may determine at least one of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) parameters associated with the UE or modem capabilities associated with a modem of the UE. The UE may control a loop bandwidth of a phase-locked loop (PLL) used to generate a tunable RF carrier frequency used by the UE to synchronize communications with a base station based at least in part on the OFDM parameters or the modem capabilities. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Description

[0001] Claiming priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119

[0002] This patent application claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 16 / 433,753, filed on June 6, 2019, which is incorporated by reference into this patent application. Technical Field

[0003] Various aspects of the technology described below generally relate to wireless communications and techniques and devices for adaptive phase-locked loop bandwidth control. Some techniques and apparatus described herein enable and provide wireless communication devices and systems configured to correct errors associated with phase noise and inter-carrier interference. Background Art

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunication services, such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and long term evolution (LTE). LTE / LTE-Advanced is a set of enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0005] A wireless communication network may include multiple base stations (BSs) that can support communication for multiple user equipment (UEs). User equipment (UEs) can communicate with a base station (BS) via downlinks and uplinks. The downlink (or forward link) refers to the communication link from the BS to the UE, and the uplink (or reverse link) refers to the communication link from the UE to the BS. As will be described in more detail herein, a BS may be referred to as a Node B, gNB, access point (AP), radio head, transmit receive point (TRP), new radio (NR) BS, 5G Node B, etc.

[0006] Multiple access technologies have been adopted by various telecommunications standards. Wireless communication standards provide common protocols that enable different user devices to communicate at municipal, national, regional, and even global levels. New Radio (NR), also known as 5G, is a set of enhancements to the LTE mobile standard promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). With the increasing demand for mobile broadband access, LTE and NR technologies require further improvements. These improvements should also be applied to other multiple access technologies and the telecommunications standards that adopt them. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The following summarizes some aspects of the present disclosure to provide a basic understanding of the technology discussed. This summary is not comprehensive of all anticipated features of the present disclosure and is neither intended to identify key or important elements of all aspects of the present disclosure nor to delineate the scope of any or all aspects of the present disclosure. The purpose of this summary is to present some concepts of one or more aspects of the present disclosure in an overview format as a prelude to the more detailed description that will be presented later.

[0008] The phase-locked loop of the user equipment (UE) generates a tunable radio frequency (RF) carrier frequency for down-converting and demodulating the signal received from the base station, and in the process may affect phase noise, which reduces the accuracy of the demodulation. Phase noise may cause constant phase error (CPE) and inter-carrier interference (ICI), both of which reduce the accuracy of the demodulation. However, the effects of CPE and ICI on demodulation are different. Under some conditions (e.g., for some OFDM parameters and / or modem functions), CPE has a relatively greater impact on demodulation accuracy than ICI. Under other conditions, ICI has a relatively greater impact on demodulation accuracy than CPE. Some techniques and devices described herein improve demodulation performance by taking these conditions into account when mitigating CPE and ICI.

[0009] In some aspects, a method of wireless communication performed by a UE may include: determining at least one of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) parameters associated with the UE or modem capabilities associated with a modem of the UE; and controlling a loop bandwidth of a phase-locked loop (PLL) used to generate a tunable radio frequency (RF) carrier frequency used by the UE to communicate synchronously with a base station based at least in part on the OFDM parameters or at least one of the modem capabilities.

[0010] In some aspects, a UE for wireless communication includes: a memory; and one or more processors operably coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors configured to: determine at least one of OFDM parameters associated with the UE or modem functionality associated with a modem of the UE; and control a loop bandwidth of a phase-locked loop (PLL) used to generate a tunable RF carrier frequency used by the UE to communicate synchronously with a base station based at least in part on the OFDM parameters or at least one of the modem functionality.

[0011] In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions for wireless communication includes: one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a UE, cause the one or more processors to: determine at least one of OFDM parameters associated with the UE or modem capabilities associated with a modem of the UE; and control a loop bandwidth of a PLL used to generate a tunable RF carrier frequency used by the UE to communicate synchronously with a base station based at least in part on the OFDM parameters or at least one of the modem capabilities.

[0012] In some aspects, a wireless communication apparatus includes means for determining at least one of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) parameters associated with the UE or modem capabilities associated with a modem of the UE; and means for controlling, based at least in part on the OFDM parameters or at least one of the modem capabilities, a loop bandwidth of a phase-locked loop (PLL) used to generate a tunable RF carrier frequency used by the UE to communicate synchronously with a base station.

[0013] Various aspects generally include methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, user equipment, base stations, wireless communication devices, and / or processing systems as generally described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specification. Other aspects include features for implementing and providing adaptive phase-locked loop parameters based on various factors, including which physical channel is received (e.g., synchronization indicator / information, uplink data, downlink data), or a parameter set used during wireless communication operations. Additional aspects include adaptive phase-locked loop parameters (e.g., loop bandwidth) for a specific subcarrier spacing, MCS, PTRS density, and / or DL / UL channels. The adaptive PLL feature can enable wireless communication devices (e.g., UEs, BSs, wireless modems, etc.) to achieve higher data rates by reducing PTRS overhead, and can achieve efficient energy consumption (e.g., when a smaller loop filter bandwidth is sufficient).

[0014] The features and technical advantages of the examples according to the present disclosure have been outlined quite broadly above so that the detailed description that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described below. The concepts and specific examples disclosed may be readily used as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for achieving the same purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent structures do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. The features of the concepts disclosed herein, their organization and method of operation, and associated advantages will be better understood from the following description when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Each of the figures is provided for the purpose of illustration and description and not as a definition of limitations of the claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to enable a detailed understanding of the above-described features of the present disclosure, a more detailed description, briefly summarized above, may be made with reference to various aspects, some of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that the accompanying drawings illustrate only some typical aspects of the present disclosure and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, as the description may admit to other equally effective aspects. The same reference numerals in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

[0016] Figure 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication network according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a base station communicating with a UE in a wireless communication network according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0018] Figure 3 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a phase-locked loop configured and / or used for UE tuning according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 4 is a graph illustrating examples of constant phase error and inter-carrier interference for different modulation and coding schemes in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of adaptive phase-locked loop bandwidth control according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, by a user device, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Various aspects of the present disclosure are described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure can be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any specific structure or function presented throughout the present disclosure. On the contrary, these aspects are provided so that the present disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. Based at least in part on the teachings herein, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of any other aspect of the disclosure or implemented in combination with any other aspect of the disclosure. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein can be used to implement an apparatus or practice method. In addition, the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover an apparatus or method that uses other structures, functions, or structures and functions in addition to or in addition to the various aspects of the disclosure described herein. It should be understood that any aspect disclosed herein can be embodied by one or more elements of the claims.

[0023] Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various devices and techniques. These devices and techniques will be described in the detailed description that follows and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, and / or the like (collectively, "elements"). These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. Whether these elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0024] It should be noted that although aspects may be described herein using terminology generally associated with 3G and / or 4G wireless technologies, aspects of the present disclosure may be applicable to other generation-based communication systems, such as 5G and higher, including NR technology.

[0025] Although various aspects and embodiments are described in this application by way of illustration of some examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that additional implementations and uses may occur in many different arrangements and scenarios. The innovations described herein may be implemented across many different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and packaging arrangements. For example, embodiments and / or uses may be implemented through integrated chip embodiments and / or other devices based on non-module components (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial devices, retail / purchase devices, medical devices, AI-enabled devices, etc.). Although some examples may or may not be specifically targeted at uses or applications, the broad applicability of the described innovations may occur. Implementations may range from chip-level or modular components to non-modular, non-chip-level implementations, and further to aggregated, distributed, or OEM devices or systems that incorporate one or more aspects of the described innovations. In some practical settings, devices incorporating the described aspects and features may also necessarily include additional components and features for implementing and enforcing the claimed and described embodiments. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals must include multiple components for both analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including one or more antennas, RF chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders / summers, etc.) The innovations described herein are intended to be implemented in a wide variety of devices, chip-level components, systems, distributed arrangements, end-user devices, etc., of varying sizes, shapes, and structures.

[0026] Figure 1is a diagram illustrating a wireless network 100 in which aspects of the present disclosure may be implemented. The wireless network 100 may be an LTE network or some other wireless network, such as a 5G or NR network. The wireless network 100 may include multiple BSs 110 (shown as BS 110a, BS 110b, BS 110c, and BS 110d) and other network entities. A BS is an entity that communicates with a user equipment (UE) and may also be referred to as a base station, NR BS, Node B, gNB, 5G node B (NB), access point, transmit receive point (TRP), etc. Each BS may provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area. In 3GPP, the term "cell" may refer to the coverage area of ​​a BS and / or the coverage area of ​​a BS subsystem serving that coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used.

[0027] A BS may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, and / or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs through service subscription. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs through service subscription. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allow restricted access by UEs associated with the femto cell (e.g., UEs in a closed subscriber group (CSG)). A BS for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro BS. A BS for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico BS. A BS for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto BS or a home BS. In Figure 1 In the example shown, BS 110a may be a macro BS for macrocell 102a, BS 110b may be a pico BS for picocell 102b, and BS 110c may be a femto BS for femtocell 102c. A BS may support one or more (e.g., three) cells. The terms "eNB," "base station," "NR BS," "gNB," "TRP," "AP," "nodeB," "5G NB," and "cell" may be used interchangeably herein.

[0028] In some aspects, the cells are not necessarily stationary, and the geographical area of ​​the cells may move depending on the location of the mobile BS. In some aspects, the BSs may be interconnected with each other and / or with one or more other BSs or network nodes (not shown) in the access wireless network 100 via various types of backhaul interfaces (e.g., direct physical connections, virtual networks, etc.) using any suitable transport network. In other scenarios, the BSs may be implemented in a software-defined network (SDN) or through network function virtualization (NFV).

[0029] The wireless network 100 may also include a relay station. A relay station is an entity that can receive data transmissions from an upstream station (e.g., a BS or a UE) and send data transmissions to a downstream station (e.g., a UE or a BS). A relay station may also be a UE that can relay transmissions for other UEs. Figure 1 In the example shown, a relay station 110d may communicate with macro BS 110a and UE 120d to facilitate communication between BS 110a and UE 120d. A relay station may also be referred to as a relay BS, relay base station, relay, etc.

[0030] The wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network including different types of BSs (e.g., macro BSs, pico BSs, femto BSs, relay BSs, etc.). These different types of BSs may have different transmission power levels, different coverage areas, and different impacts on interference in the wireless network 100. For example, a macro BS may have a high transmission power level (e.g., 5 to 40 watts), while a pico BS, a femto BS, and a relay BS may have a lower transmission power level (e.g., 0.1 to 2 watts).

[0031] The network controller 130 may be coupled to a set of BSs and may provide coordination and control for these BSs. The network controller 130 may communicate with the BSs via a backhaul. The BSs may also communicate with each other directly or indirectly, for example, via a wireless or wired backhaul.

[0032] UEs 120 (e.g., 120a, 120b, 120c) may be dispersed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE may be stationary or mobile. A UE may also be referred to as an access terminal, terminal, mobile station, subscriber unit, station, etc. A UE may be a cellular phone (e.g., a smartphone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet computer, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device or equipment, a biometric sensor / device, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring, a smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music or video device or a satellite radio), a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter / sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a global positioning system device, or any other suitable device configured to communicate over a wireless or wired medium.

[0033] Some UEs may be considered machine type communication (MTC) or evolved or enhanced machine type communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC and eMTC UEs include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, location tags, etc., which may communicate with a base station, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. For example, a wireless node may provide connectivity to or to a network (e.g., a wide area network such as the Internet or a cellular network) via a wired or wireless communication link. Some UEs may be considered Internet of Things (IoT) devices and / or may be implemented as NB-IoT (narrowband Internet of Things) devices. Some UEs may be considered customer premises equipment (CPE). UE 120 may be included in a housing that houses components of UE 120 (e.g., processor components, memory components, etc.). These components may be integrated in various combinations and / or may be independent distributed components taking into account design constraints and / or operational preferences.

[0034] In general, any number of wireless networks can be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless network can support a specific RAT and can operate on one or more frequencies. RATs can also be referred to as radio technologies, air interfaces, etc. Frequencies can also be referred to as carriers, frequency channels, etc. Each frequency can support a single RAT in a given geographic area to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks can be deployed.

[0035] In some aspects, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) can communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g., without using base station 110 as an intermediary for communicating with each other). For example, the UEs 120 can communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication, device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocols (e.g., which may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocols, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocols, etc.), mesh networks, etc. In this case, the UEs 120 can perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by the base station 110.

[0036] As shown above, provide Figure 1 As an example. Other examples may be related to Figure 1 Different than described.

[0037] Figure 2 A block diagram shows a design 200 of a base station 110 and a UE 120, which may be Figure 1The base station 110 may be equipped with T antennas 234a through 234t, and the UE 120 may be equipped with R antennas 252a through 252r, where T ≥ 1 and R ≥ 1. The T and R antennas may be configured as multiple antenna elements formed in an array for deploying MIMO or massive MIMO, which is present in millimeter wave (mmWave or mmW) communication systems.

[0038] At base station 110, transmit processor 220 may perform a number of functions related to communication. For example, transmit processor 220 may receive data for one or more UEs from data source 212, select one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCS) for each UE based at least in part on a channel quality indicator (CQI) received from the UE, process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for each UE based at least in part on the MCS selected for the UE, and provide data symbols for all UEs. Transmit processor 220 may also process system information (e.g., for semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, upper layer signaling, etc.) and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. Transmit processor 220 may also generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS)) and synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signal (PSS) and secondary synchronization signal (SSS)). The transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide T output symbol streams to T modulators (MODs) 232a through 232t. Each modulator 232 may process a corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator 232 may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. The T downlink signals from modulators 232a through 232t may be transmitted via T antennas 234a through 234t, respectively. According to various aspects described in greater detail below, position coding may be used to generate synchronization signals to convey additional information.

[0039] At UE 120, antennas 252a through 252r may receive downlink RF signals. The downlink RF signals may be received from and / or transmitted by one or more base stations 110. The signals may be provided to demodulators (DEMODs) 254a through 254r, respectively. Each demodulator 254 may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) the received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator 254 may further process the input samples (e.g., using OFDM) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols (if applicable) from all R demodulators 254a through 254r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols, and provide detected symbols. A receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for UE 120 to a data sink 260, and provide decoded control information and system information to a controller / processor 280. The channel processor may determine reference signal received power (RSRP), received signal strength indicator (RSSI), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), channel quality indicator (CQI), etc. In some aspects, one or more components of UE 120 may be included in a housing.

[0040] On the uplink, UE 120 may send control information to another device, such as one or more base stations 110. For example, at UE 120, a transmit processor 264 may receive and process data from a data source 262 and control information from a controller / processor 280 (e.g., for reports including RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, CQI, etc.). The transmit processor 264 may also generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 266 (if applicable), further processed by modulators 254a through 254r (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM, CP-OFDM, etc.), and transmitted to the base station 110. At the base station 110, uplink signals from UE 120 and other UEs may be received by antennas 234, processed by demodulators 232, detected by MIMO detector 236 (if applicable), and further processed by receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information sent by the UE 120. Receive processor 238 may provide decoded data to a data sink 239 and decoded control information to controller / processor 240. Base station 110 may include a communication unit 244 and communicate with network controller 130 via communication unit 244. Network controller 130 may include a communication unit 294, a controller / processor 290, and a memory 292.

[0041] The controller / processor 240 of the base station 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, and / or Figure 2 Any other components of the controller / processor 240 of the base station 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, and / or the like may perform one or more techniques associated with adaptive phase-locked loop bandwidth control, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. Figure 2 Any other component of the may perform or direct e.g. Figure 6 The operations of process 600 and / or other processes as described herein may be performed. Memories 242 and 282 may store data and program codes for base station 110 and UE 120, respectively. Scheduler 246 may schedule UEs for data transmission on the downlink and / or uplink.

[0042] In some aspects, the UE 120 may include multiple components or elements for implementing communication functionality. For example, the multiple components may include a component for determining at least one of OFDM parameters associated with the UE or modem capabilities associated with a modem of the UE; and a component for controlling a loop bandwidth of a PLL used to generate a tunable RF carrier frequency used by the UE to synchronize communications with a base station based at least in part on the OFDM parameters or the modem capabilities.

[0043] In some aspects, the UE 120 may include a plurality of structural components for performing the functions of the various components. For example, the structural components for performing the functions of such components may include a combination of Figure 2 One or more components of UE 120 are depicted, such as antenna 252, DEMOD 254, MOD 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, controller / processor 280, and the like.

[0044] As shown above, provide Figure 2 As an example. Other examples may be related to Figure 2 Different than described.

[0045] Figure 3 3 is a block diagram illustrating an example 300 of a phase-locked loop configured and / or used for UE tuning. According to various aspects of the present disclosure, a tuning feature enables a UE to tune its operating RF frequency to a base station operating frequency. Example 300 illustrates components of a UE 120 or another device used in frequency tuning. As an example, the illustrated components may operate to tune the operating frequency of the UE 120. As an example, the operating frequency of the UE 120 may be tuned to the operating frequency of the base station 110 and / or another type of wireless access point. As another example, Figure 3One or more components of the UE 120 may be used to generate a tunable RF carrier frequency that is used by the UE 120 to communicate synchronously with the base station 110 (eg, to operate at a particular RF frequency).

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, UE 120 may include one or more antennas 305, one or more low noise amplifiers (LNAs) 310, one or more mixers 315 (e.g., mixers, multipliers, etc.), a low pass filter (LPF) 320, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 325, a channel estimation component 330, a demodulator (DEMOD) 335, a frequency tracking and / or symbol tracking component 340 (sometimes referred to as a frequency / symbol tracking component), a reference frequency component 345, and a phase-locked loop (PLL) 350. As further shown, PLL 350 may include a phase detector 355, a loop filter 360, a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) 365, and a fractional frequency divider 370. PLL 350 may be used to tune the operating frequency of UE 120 to a desired frequency. In some aspects, for example, PLL 350 may tune the operating frequency of UE 120 to the operating frequency of base station 110 with which UE 120 is communicating. By tuning to the operating frequency of base station 110, demodulation operations of UE 120 may be improved (e.g., by increasing demodulation accuracy). In certain examples, PLL 350 may be used to control the operating frequency of UE 120 to match the operating frequency of base station 110 (e.g., to generate a tunable RF carrier frequency that UE 120 uses to synchronize communications with base station 110 operating at a particular RF frequency).

[0047] UE 120 may receive an analog signal (e.g., a wireless signal) from base station 110 via antenna 305, which may provide the analog signal to LNA 310. LNA 310 may amplify the signal (or a portion of the signal) and provide the amplified signal to mixer 315. Mixer 315 may mix the amplified signal (e.g., an RF signal received via antenna 305) with a control signal. The control signal may be received from VCO 365 and used to frequency-convert (e.g., downconvert) the RF signal to another frequency so that further processing can be performed on the RF signal. The RF signal may be received at a first operating frequency used by base station 110, and the control signal may be used to tune a second operating frequency of UE 120 to the first operating frequency. Mixer 315 may provide the converted signal to LPF 320. LPF 320 may filter the signal and provide the filtered signal to ADC 325. The ADC 325 may convert the filtered analog signal into a digital signal and may provide the digital signal to the channel estimation component 330 and the frequency / symbol tracking component 340 .

[0048] The channel estimation component 330 serves to estimate channel conditions for UE operation. As an example, the channel estimation component 330 can perform channel estimation on a digital signal and can provide the channel estimate to the demodulator 335. The demodulator 335 can use the channel estimate to demodulate the digital signal to recover the data carried in the modulated signal (e.g., the analog RF signal received by the antenna 305). The frequency / symbol tracking component 340 can detect frequency error and / or phase error in the digital signal and can provide an indication of such error to the reference frequency component 345. The reference frequency component 345 can control the reference frequency of the reference signal (e.g., the local oscillator signal) based at least in part on the error to improve the accuracy of the control signal output from the PLL 350 (e.g., the VCO 365) to the mixer 315. The reference frequency component 345 can provide the reference signal to the PLL 350.

[0049] PLL 350 can receive and utilize the received reference signal in various ways. For example, phase detector 355 of PLL 350 can receive the reference signal from reference frequency component 345, can calculate a phase error (phase difference) signal between the reference signal and the feedback signal of PLL 350 (e.g., using a charge pump phase frequency detector (CP-PFD)), and can output the phase difference signal to loop filter 360. Loop filter 360 can filter the signal received from phase detector 355 and can use the filtered signal to control VCO 365 (e.g., to control the voltage applied to VCO 365).

[0050] The VCO 365 can be controlled to modify the control signal output from the VCO 365 to the mixer 315. For example, different voltages applied to the VCO 365 can result in different frequencies of the control signal output from the VCO 365 to the mixer 315. The VCO 365 can upconvert a reference signal to generate the control signal, and the degree of upconversion can depend on the input from the loop filter 360. The VCO 365 can also output the upconverted signal to a fractional frequency divider 370, which can downconvert the signal and provide the downconverted signal as a feedback signal to the phase detector 355. The phase detector 355 can calculate a phase error (or phase difference) signal from the feedback signal and the reference signal generated by the reference frequency component 345.

[0051] In some cases, PLL 350 may add phase noise to the reference frequency. Increased phase noise generally reduces demodulation accuracy (e.g., reduces the signal-to-noise ratio of the demodulated signal). Phase noise may cause both constant phase error (CPE) and inter-carrier interference (ICI). Both CPE and ICI reduce demodulation accuracy.

[0052] However, if the following combination Figure 4 As described in more detail, CPE and ICI can have different effects on demodulation. Under some conditions (e.g., for certain OFDM parameters and / or modem capabilities), CPE has a relatively greater impact on demodulation accuracy than ICI. Under other conditions, ICI has a relatively greater impact on demodulation accuracy than CPE. Some techniques and apparatuses described herein improve demodulation performance by taking these conditions into account when mitigating CPE and ICI.

[0053] As mentioned above, providing Figure 3 As an example. Other examples may be related to Figure 3 Description is different.

[0054] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating an example 400 of constant phase error and inter-carrier interference for different modulation and coding schemes in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0055] Figure 4 The effect of constant phase error (CPE) and inter-carrier interference (ICI) on the constellation diagram used to demodulate a signal is shown. A constellation diagram is a representation of a signal modulated by a digital modulation scheme, such as binary phase-shift keying (BPSK), π / 2 BPSK, quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) (e.g., 16-QAM, 64-QAM, 128-QAM, 256-QAM, etc.). A constellation diagram shows a signal as a two-dimensional scatter plot with an x-axis (e.g., a horizontal real axis representing the in-phase carrier (shown as the I component)) and a y-axis (e.g., a vertical imaginary axis representing the quadrature carrier (shown as the Q component)). The angle of the constellation point (measured counterclockwise from the horizontal axis) represents the phase shift of the carrier relative to a reference phase. The distance of the constellation point (measured from the origin) represents the amplitude or power of the signal.

[0056] In digital modulation systems, information is transmitted as a series of samples, each occupying a uniform time slot. During each sample, the carrier wave has a constant amplitude and phase, which are constrained to one of a finite number of values. Therefore, each sample encodes one of a finite number of symbols, which in turn represent one or more binary digits (bits) of information. Each symbol is encoded as a different combination of carrier wave amplitude and phase, so each symbol is represented by a point on a constellation diagram, called a constellation point. The constellation diagram displays all possible symbols that can be transmitted by the system as a collection of points.

[0057] During demodulation, the demodulator identifies the constellation point with the highest probability of corresponding to the received signal (e.g., received samples). Under good channel conditions, the received signal is subject to little noise and / or interference, so the demodulator is more likely to identify the constellation point that correctly corresponds to the received signal. However, when the received signal is subject to greater amounts of noise and / or interference, the demodulator is more likely to incorrectly identify the constellation point from the signal, resulting in inaccurate demodulation and incorrect bit determination.

[0058] As shown in reference numeral 405, constant phase error (CPE) is a type of phase noise that causes a signal to rotate about the origin from the constellation point corresponding to the signal. As further shown, different modulation and coding schemes (MCS) may have different degrees of robustness to CPE (compared to ICI). For example, BPSK may be less robust to CPE (e.g., compared to ICI) because a rotation of 90 degrees or greater may cause the received signal to be mapped to an incorrect constellation point. As another example, 16-QAM may be more robust to CPE (e.g., compared to ICI).

[0059] As shown at reference numeral 410, ICI is a type of phase noise that generates noise (e.g., a random noise cloud) around each constellation point. As further shown, different MCSs may have different degrees of robustness to ICI compared to CPE. For example, BPSK may be more robust to ICI (e.g., compared to CPE) because the constellation points are far apart, and thus the noise cloud around the constellation points is less likely to cause incorrect identification of constellation points compared to CPE. As another example, 16-QAM may be less robust to ICI (e.g., compared to CPE) because the constellation points are closer together, and thus the noise cloud around each constellation point is more likely to cause incorrect identification of adjacent constellation points compared to CPE.

[0060] Therefore, under some conditions (such as some MCS), CPE may have a greater impact on demodulation accuracy than ICI, while under other conditions (such as other MCS), ICI may have a greater impact on demodulation accuracy than CPE. These conditions are provided as examples and are not necessarily the same as those in the case of Figure 5 Other conditions, described in greater detail, may result in different effects of CPE and ICI on demodulation performance. Some techniques and apparatuses described herein improve demodulation performance by accounting for these conditions when mitigating CPE and ICI.

[0061] As mentioned above, providing Figure 4 As an example. Other examples may be related to Figure 4 Description is different.

[0062] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an example 500 of adaptive phase-locked loop bandwidth control according to various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0063] like Figure 5 As shown, UE 120 may include a controller 505 (e.g., one or more controllers and / or one or more processors). In some aspects, the controller 505 may correspond to Figure 2 Controller / processor 280. Additionally or alternatively, one or more functions of controller 505 may be performed by channel estimation component 330, frequency / symbol tracking component 340, or the like.

[0064] As indicated by reference numeral 510, the controller 505 may determine OFDM parameters associated with (e.g., to be used by) the UE 120 and / or modem functionality (e.g., baseband modem functionality) associated with (e.g., to be performed by) a modem of the UE 120. In some aspects, the controller 505 may receive an indication of the OFDM parameters and / or modem functionality. Figure 5 As shown, the controller 505 can receive such information from the channel estimation component 330, the frequency / symbol tracking component 340, and / or from another component of the UE 120. As described in more detail below, the OFDM parameters can include the MCS of the received signal, the OFDM symbol type, whether the OFDM symbol is received on a data channel or a control channel, the subcarrier spacing, the symbol frequency, parameters associated with a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc. As described in more detail below, the modem functionality can include initial network acquisition (or functionality other than initial network acquisition), channel estimation functionality (e.g., a period of channel estimation), etc.

[0065] As shown by reference numeral 515, the controller 505 can control the loop bandwidth of the PLL 350 in real time. As used herein, controlling the loop bandwidth in real time generally refers to timing related to the operation of the controller 505 and / or PLL 350. In some scenarios, real-time operation can refer to controlling the loop bandwidth during operation of the UE 120; when a signal is received, processed (e.g., by the UE 120), or when the UE 120 receives or processes the loop bandwidth. Figure 3 and / or Figure 5 10 ) and / or demodulation; controlling the loop bandwidth during operation of PLL 350 (e.g., when PLL 350 tunes the operating frequency of UE 120 to the operating frequency of base station 110); and so on. In some cases, real-time operation may be referred to as runtime operation. Controller 505 may also receive additional or other input parameters for controlling the loop bandwidth of PLL 350 at various operating times.

[0066] The controller 505 can control the loop bandwidth based at least in part on OFDM parameters and / or modem functionality. In some aspects, the controller 505 can control the loop bandwidth by modifying one or more parameters of the PLL 350 (e.g., one or more components of the PLL 350, such as the phase detector 355, the loop filter 360, the VCO 365, etc.), such as gain parameters, pole parameters, zero parameters, charge pump current, etc. For example, the controller 505 can modify the gain, poles, and / or zeros of the phase detector 355, the loop filter 360, and / or the VCO 365. By modifying one or more of these parameters, the controller 505 can modify the transfer function of the PLL 350, which defines an output signal (e.g., a control signal output from the VCO 365 to the mixer 315) generated from an input signal (e.g., a reference signal received from the reference frequency component 345). Furthermore, by controlling the loop bandwidth of PLL 350, controller 505 can control the phase noise generated by PLL 350 (e.g., by VCO 365). For example, controller 505 can control the phase noise to control a first portion of the phase noise that causes CPE and / or a second portion of the phase noise that causes ICI.

[0067] The controller 505 may also receive additional input related to UE operation. In some aspects, the controller 505 may control the loop bandwidth of the signal based at least in part on whether the UE 120 (e.g., a modem of the UE 120) is performing an initial network acquisition function in conjunction with the signal. Initial network acquisition may refer to searching for, receiving, and / or processing one or more reference signals transmitted by the base station 110 before performing a random access channel (RACH) procedure between the base station 110 and the UE 120. The one or more reference signals may include, for example, a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), a synchronization signal block (SSB), one or more signals of a physical broadcast channel (PBCH), SSB / PBCH blocks, etc.

[0068] The PLL 350 configuration can include a range of operational features that enable controller 505 to exercise extensive control. For example, controller 505 can configure PLL 350 to use a wider loop bandwidth when the modem is performing initial network acquisition functions (e.g., compared to when the modem is not performing initial network acquisition functions), and can configure PLL 350 to use a narrower loop bandwidth when the modem is not performing initial network acquisition functions (e.g., when the modem is acquiring data, such as over a data channel). A wider loop bandwidth can mitigate CPE more than ICI, and a narrower loop bandwidth can mitigate ICI more than CPE. Because the PSS and SSS use BPSK MCS, CPE can have a greater impact on demodulation performance than ICI when demodulating the PSS and / or SSS. Therefore, when the modem is performing initial network acquisition, controller 505 can configure PLL 350 to use a wider loop bandwidth to mitigate the greater impact of CPE, thereby more accurately demodulating the PSS and SSS. Furthermore, a wider loop bandwidth results in faster UE frequency tuning or locking to the base station frequency than a narrower loop bandwidth, which may allow for faster initial network acquisition.

[0069] Additionally or alternatively, the controller 505 may control the loop bandwidth of the signal based at least in part on the MCS used for the signal. In some aspects, the MCS of the signal may be indicated by the base station 110 in conjunction with the signal (e.g., in downlink control information (DCI) that schedules signal transmission) and / or may be used by the UE 120 to demodulate the signal. In some aspects, the MCS used for the signal may depend on the OFDM symbol type of the signal and / or the channel used for transmission of the signal. For example, a control channel (e.g., a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH)) may use a fixed OFDM symbol type (e.g., QPSK) with a specific MCS, while a data channel (e.g., a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH)) may use a variable OFDM symbol type (e.g., ranging from QPSK to 256-QAM) with a variable MCS. Thus, in some aspects, the controller 505 may control the loop bandwidth of the signal based at least in part on the OFDM symbol type of the signal, the channel via which the signal is received, etc.

[0070] The PLL 350 configuration may also consider a range of MCS settings. For example, the controller 505 may configure the PLL 350 to use a wider loop bandwidth (e.g., a lower MCS with fewer bits per symbol) for a signal having a first MCS than for a signal having a second MCS, and may configure the PLL 350 to use a narrower loop bandwidth (e.g., a higher MCS with more bits per symbol) for a signal having a second MCS than for a signal having the first MCS. As described above in conjunction with Figure 4 As mentioned above, lower-order MCSs (e.g., BPSK, QPSK, etc.) may be more affected by CPE than ICI, while higher-order MCSs (e.g., 16-QAM, 64-QAM, 256-QAM, etc.) may be more affected by ICI. Therefore, for lower modulation orders, a wider loop bandwidth may be used to increase mitigation against CPE, while for higher modulation orders, a narrower loop bandwidth may be used to increase mitigation against ICI. In some aspects, the controller 505 may configure the PLL 350 to use a wider loop bandwidth for a first channel and / or first OFDM symbol type using a lower order MCS (e.g., a PDCCH using QPSK) than the loop bandwidth for a second channel and / or second OFDM symbol type, and may configure the PLL 350 to use a narrower loop bandwidth for a second channel and / or second OFDM symbol type using a higher order MCS (e.g., a PDSCH using QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM, 256-QAM, etc.) than the loop bandwidth for the first channel and / or first OFDM symbol type.

[0071] Additionally or alternatively, the controller 505 may control the loop bandwidth of the signal based at least in part on the subcarrier spacing used for the signal. In some aspects, the subcarrier spacing may be indicated by the base station 110 to the UE 120 (e.g., in a system information block (SIB), a RACH procedure, a radio resource control (RRC) configuration, etc.). In some aspects, the symbol duration of the signal may depend on the subcarrier spacing of the signal. Thus, in some aspects, the controller 505 may control the loop bandwidth of the signal based at least in part on the symbol duration of the signal.

[0072] The PLL 350 configuration may also take into account the bandwidth range used during operation. For example, the controller 505 may configure the PLL 350 to use a wider loop bandwidth for signals having a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., a higher subcarrier spacing, such as 120 kHz, 240 kHz, etc.) than the loop bandwidth for signals having a second subcarrier spacing, and may configure the PLL 350 to use a narrower loop bandwidth for signals having a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., a lower subcarrier spacing, such as 30 kHz, 60 kHz, etc.) than the loop bandwidth for signals having the first subcarrier spacing. Using a higher subcarrier spacing may mitigate the effects of ICI. Thus, the controller 505 may control the loop bandwidth to focus on mitigating CPE at higher subcarrier spacings and / or may control the loop bandwidth to focus on mitigating ICI at lower subcarrier spacings.

[0073] Additionally or alternatively, the controller 505 can control the loop bandwidth of the signal based at least in part on a periodicity of channel estimation performed by the UE 120 (e.g., how often the UE 120 performs the channel estimation). In some aspects, the channel estimation component 330 can indicate the periodicity of the channel estimation to the controller 505. In some aspects, the periodicity of the channel estimation can depend on a periodicity of a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) and / or a number of DMRS transmitted per symbol (e.g., up to four DMRS symbols per slot), which can be indicated in a configuration from the base station 110 to the UE 120. Thus, in some aspects, the controller 505 can control the loop bandwidth of the signal based at least in part on the DMRS periodicity, the number of DMRS transmitted per symbol, etc.

[0074] For example, the controller 505 can configure the PLL 350 to use a wider loop bandwidth when the modem performs channel estimation less frequently (e.g., with a longer channel estimation period) than when the modem performs channel estimation more frequently, and can configure the PLL 350 to use a narrower loop bandwidth when the modem performs channel estimation more frequently (e.g., with a smaller channel estimation period) than when the modem performs channel estimation less frequently. Channel estimation can be used to mitigate the effects of ICI. Thus, when channel estimation is performed more frequently, the controller 505 can control the loop bandwidth to focus on mitigating CPE, and / or when channel estimation is performed less frequently, the controller 505 can control the loop bandwidth to focus on mitigating carrier ICI.

[0075] Additionally or alternatively, the controller 505 can control the loop bandwidth of the signal based at least in part on a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) configuration, such as the presence of PTRS, the absence of PTRS, the periodicity of PTRS, etc. PTRS is intended to mitigate and / or eliminate the effects of CPE. Thus, in some aspects, when PTRS is present and / or has a smaller periodicity (e.g., occurs more frequently), the controller 505 can configure a wider loop bandwidth to focus on mitigating ICI (ICI not mitigated by PTRS) compared to the loop bandwidth used when PTRS is absent and / or has a larger periodicity (e.g., occurs less frequently). Additionally or alternatively, when PTRS is absent and / or has a larger periodicity (e.g., occurs less frequently), the controller 505 can configure a narrower loop bandwidth to focus on mitigating CPE (because the absence or less frequent occurrence of PTRS results in less mitigation of CPE by PTRS) compared to the loop bandwidth used when PTRS is present and / or has a smaller periodicity.

[0076] PTRS can mitigate the impact of CPE. However, some designs may not fully consider and / or understand the impact of phase noise on CPE and ICI. PTRS is a relatively complex process that requires UE 120 to consume a lot of resources. This includes consumption of processing resources, memory resources, battery power, etc. Some techniques and devices described herein can be used to mitigate CPE without using PTRS (e.g., by controlling the loop bandwidth of PLL350). Therefore, in some aspects, when the loop bandwidth control techniques described herein are enabled, UE 120 can be configured to avoid using PTRS (e.g., to eliminate CPE). In this way, resources of UE120 can be saved.

[0077] Additionally or alternatively, UE 120 may signal a capability for loop bandwidth control to base station 110. If UE 120 has such capability, base station 110 may prohibit PTRS transmission for UE 120, thereby saving network resources (e.g., time resources, frequency resources, etc.) that would otherwise be used to transmit PTRS, and saving base station resources (e.g., processing resources, memory resources, battery power, etc.) that would otherwise be used to generate and transmit PTRS.

[0078] As mentioned above, providing Figure 5 As an example. Other examples may be related to Figure 5 Description is different.

[0079] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating an example process 600, performed, for example, by a UE, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. Example process 600 is an example of a UE (eg, UE 120, etc.) performing operations associated with adaptive phase-locked loop bandwidth control.

[0080] like Figure 6 As shown, in some aspects, process 600 may include determining at least one of OFDM parameters associated with the UE or modem capabilities associated with a modem of the UE (block 610). For example, as described above, the UE (e.g., using controller 505, receive processor 258, controller / processor 280, memory 282, etc.) may determine at least one of OFDM parameters associated with the UE or modem capabilities associated with the modem of the UE.

[0081] like Figure 6As further shown in FIG6 , in some aspects, process 600 may include controlling a loop bandwidth of a PLL used to generate a tunable RF carrier frequency used by the UE for synchronous communication with a base station based at least in part on at least one of the OFDM parameters or the modem functionality (block 620). For example, as described above, the UE (e.g., using controller 505, controller / processor 280, memory 282, etc.) controls a loop bandwidth of a PLL used to generate a tunable RF carrier frequency used by the UE for synchronous communication with a base station (e.g., a base station operating at a particular RF frequency) based at least in part on at least one of the OFDM parameters or the modem functionality.

[0082] Process 600 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in combination with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0083] In a first aspect, controlling the loop bandwidth includes controlling phase noise generated by the PLL.

[0084] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, controlling the loop bandwidth comprises at least one of: modifying a gain parameter of the PLL component, modifying a pole parameter of the PLL component, modifying a zero parameter of the PLL component, or a combination thereof.

[0085] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the modem function is initial network acquisition.

[0086] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the initial network acquisition includes receiving at least one of a primary synchronization signal or a secondary synchronization signal.

[0087] In a fifth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, controlling the loop bandwidth includes using a wider loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the modem function is initial network acquisition, or using a narrower loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the modem function is not initial network acquisition.

[0088] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, the OFDM parameters are modulation and coding schemes.

[0089] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, the modulation and coding scheme is based at least in part on an OFDM symbol type used for communication between the UE and the base station.

[0090] In an eighth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, controlling the loop bandwidth includes using a wider loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the OFDM parameters are a lower modulation and decoding scheme, or using a narrower loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the OFDM parameters are a higher modulation and decoding scheme.

[0091] In a ninth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of aspects 1 to 8, controlling the loop bandwidth includes using a wider loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the UE is communicating using a control OFDM symbol type, or using a narrower loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the UE is communicating using a data OFDM symbol type.

[0092] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, the OFDM parameter is a symbol duration or a subcarrier spacing.

[0093] In the eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, controlling the loop bandwidth includes using a wider loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the OFDM parameter is a higher subcarrier spacing, or using a narrower loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the OFDM parameter is a lower subcarrier spacing.

[0094] In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, the modem function is a period of channel estimation performed by the UE.

[0095] In a thirteenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one through twelfth, controlling the loop bandwidth comprises using a wider loop bandwidth based at least in part on periods during which the modem function is a larger channel estimate, or using a narrower loop bandwidth based at least in part on periods during which the modem function is a smaller channel estimate.

[0096] In a fourteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to thirteenth aspects, the OFDM parameter is the presence or absence of a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) or a period of PTRS transmission.

[0097] In a fifteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourteenth aspects, process 600 includes avoiding use of a phase tracking reference signal to eliminate constant phase error based at least in part on controlling the loop bandwidth.

[0098] In a sixteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of aspects one to fifteen, controlling the loop bandwidth includes using a wider loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) does not exist or has a larger period, or using a narrower loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the PTRS exists or has a smaller period.

[0099] Although Figure 6 Example blocks of process 600 are shown, but in some aspects, process 600 may include Figure 6 6. Additionally or alternatively, two or more blocks of process 600 may be executed in parallel.

[0100] The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the disclosure.

[0101] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be broadly interpreted as hardware, firmware, and / or a combination of hardware and software. As used herein, a processor is implemented in hardware, firmware, and / or a combination of hardware and software.

[0102] As used herein, satisfying a threshold may refer to a value greater than a threshold, greater than or equal to a threshold, less than a threshold, less than or equal to a threshold, equal to a threshold, not equal to a threshold, etc., depending on the context.

[0103] It will be apparent that the systems and / or methods described herein can be implemented in various forms of hardware, firmware, and / or a combination of hardware and software. The actual dedicated control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods does not limit these aspects. Thus, the operation and behavior of the systems and / or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code—it will be understood that software and hardware can be designed to implement the systems and / or methods based, at least in part, on the description herein.

[0104] Even though particular combinations of features are recited in the claims and / or in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of the various aspects. In fact, many of these features can be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification. Although each dependent claim listed below may directly depend on only one claim, the disclosure of the various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with every other claim in the claim set. A phrase referring to "at least one" of a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members. For example, "at least one of a, b, or c" is intended to cover a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, and abc, as well as any combination with multiples of the same elements (e.g., aa, aaa, aab, aac, abb, acc, bb, bbb, bbc, cc, and ccc, or any other order of a, b, and c).

[0105] Unless expressly stated otherwise, no element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed as critical or essential. Furthermore, as used herein, the articles "a" and "an" are intended to include one or more items and can be used interchangeably with "one or more." Furthermore, as used herein, the terms "set" and "group" are intended to include one or more items (e.g., related items, unrelated items, a combination of related and unrelated items, etc.) and can be used interchangeably with "one or more." Figure 1 In the case of a single item, the phrase "only one" or similar language is used. Furthermore, as used herein, the terms "has," "have," "having," and the like are intended to be open-ended terms. Furthermore, the phrase "based on" means "based, at least in part, on" unless expressly stated otherwise.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: determining at least one of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) parameters associated with the UE or modem capabilities associated with a modem of the UE; as well as controlling a loop bandwidth of a phase-locked loop (PLL) for generating a tunable radio frequency (RF) carrier frequency used by the UE for synchronous communication with a base station based at least in part on at least one of the OFDM parameters or the modem capabilities, The OFDM parameter includes at least one of the following: The presence or absence of the phase tracking reference signal PTRS, The period of PTRS transmission, or A modulation and coding scheme based at least in part on a type of OFDM symbols used for communications between the UE and the base station.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein controlling the loop bandwidth comprises controlling phase noise generated by the PLL.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein controlling the loop bandwidth comprises at least one of: Modify the gain parameters of the PLL component, Modify the pole parameters of the PLL component, Modify the zero parameters of the PLL component, or Its combination. The method of claim 1 , wherein the modem functionality comprises initial network acquisition. The method of claim 4 , wherein the initial network acquisition comprises receiving at least one of a primary synchronization signal or a secondary synchronization signal.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein controlling the loop bandwidth comprises using a wider loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the modem function is initial network acquisition, or using a narrower loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the modem function is not initial network acquisition.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein controlling the loop bandwidth comprises using a wider loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the OFDM parameter is a lower modulation and coding scheme, or using a narrower loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the OFDM parameter is a higher modulation and coding scheme.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein controlling the loop bandwidth comprises using a wider loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the UE is communicating using a control OFDM symbol type, or using a narrower loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the UE is communicating using a data OFDM symbol type.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the OFDM parameter is a symbol duration or a subcarrier spacing.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein controlling the loop bandwidth comprises using a wider loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the OFDM parameter is a higher subcarrier spacing, or using a narrower loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the OFDM parameter is a lower subcarrier spacing.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the modem function comprises a period of channel estimation performed by the UE.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein controlling the loop bandwidth comprises using a wider loop bandwidth based at least in part on periods during which the modem is determined to function as a larger channel estimate, or using a narrower loop bandwidth based at least in part on periods during which the modem is determined to function as a smaller channel estimate.

13. The method of claim 1, further comprising avoiding use of a phase tracking reference signal to eliminate constant phase error based at least in part on controlling the loop bandwidth.

14. The method of claim 1 , wherein controlling the loop bandwidth comprises using a wider loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) is not present or has a larger period, or using a narrower loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the PTRS is present or has a smaller period.

15. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, comprising: Memory; as well as one or more processors operatively coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors configured to: determining at least one of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) parameters associated with the UE or modem capabilities associated with a modem of the UE; and controlling a loop bandwidth of a phase-locked loop (PLL) for generating a tunable radio frequency (RF) carrier frequency used by the UE for synchronous communication with a base station based at least in part on at least one of the OFDM parameters or the modem capabilities, The OFDM parameter includes at least one of the following: The presence or absence of the phase tracking reference signal PTRS, The period of PTRS transmission, or A modulation and coding scheme based at least in part on a type of OFDM symbols used for communications between the UE and the base station.

16. The UE according to claim 15, wherein: When controlling the loop bandwidth, the one or more processors are configured to: Phase noise generated by the PLL is controlled.

17. The UE according to claim 15, wherein: When controlling the loop bandwidth, the one or more processors are configured to modify at least one of: The gain parameter of the PLL component, The pole parameters of the PLL components, The zero parameters of the PLL components, or Its combination.

18. The UE according to claim 15, wherein: When controlling the loop bandwidth, the one or more processors are configured to configure a wider loop bandwidth based at least in part on a determination that the modem function is initial network acquisition, or to configure a narrower loop bandwidth based at least in part on a determination that the modem function is not initial network acquisition.

19. The UE according to claim 15, wherein: When controlling the loop bandwidth, the one or more processors are configured to configure a wider loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the OFDM parameter is a lower modulation and coding scheme, or to configure a narrower loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the OFDM parameter is a higher modulation and coding scheme.

20. The UE according to claim 15, wherein: When controlling the loop bandwidth, the one or more processors are configured to configure a wider loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the UE is communicating using a control OFDM symbol type, or to configure a narrower loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the UE is communicating using a data OFDM symbol type.

21. The UE according to claim 15, wherein: When controlling the loop bandwidth, the one or more processors are configured to configure a wider loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the OFDM parameter is a higher subcarrier spacing, or to configure a narrower loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the OFDM parameter is a lower subcarrier spacing.

22. The UE according to claim 15, wherein When controlling the loop bandwidth, the one or more processors are configured to configure a wider loop bandwidth based at least in part on a period during which the modem functioned as a larger channel estimate, or to configure a narrower loop bandwidth based at least in part on a period during which the modem functioned as a smaller channel estimate.

23. The UE of claim 15, wherein the UE is further configured to avoid using a phase tracking reference signal to cancel a constant phase error based at least in part on controlling the loop bandwidth.

24. The UE according to claim 15, wherein: When controlling the loop bandwidth, the one or more processors are configured to use a wider loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that a phase tracking reference signal PTRS does not exist or has a larger period, or to use a narrower loop bandwidth based at least in part on determining that the PTRS exists or has a smaller period.

25. A computer readable medium having stored thereon instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-14.

26. A wireless communication device comprising means for performing the method according to any one of claims 1-14.

27. A computer program product comprising computer instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

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