An ultrahigh-speed railway tunnel aerodynamic test system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of super high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamics test system, it includes launching device, launching device includes pedestal, launching pipe, propelling rod and telescopic rod, launching pipe is fixed on pedestal, one end inside launching pipe has combustion propulsion chamber, propelling rod slides in launching pipe, telescopic rod is vertically fixed in the other end of propelling rod, notch is opened in launching pipe, combustion propulsion chamber is ignited after propelling propelling rod;Experiment and testing device includes track, model train, tunnel segment, pressure wind speed test component, high-definition camera, laser range finder, microphone and industrial computer, track is connected with launching pipe, model train slides on track;Tunnel segment is fixed on track, and industrial computer is connected with pressure wind speed test component, high-definition camera, laser range finder, microphone and command fuze respectively;Recovery buffer device includes recovery buffer pipe and recovery pipe base, recovery buffer pipe is fixed on recovery pipe base and located in the end of track away from launching pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ultra-high-speed tunnel aerodynamics experiments, and in particular to an ultra-high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamics test system. Background Art

[0002] Experimental research on the aerodynamics of ultra-high-speed railway tunnels has guiding significance for the development of high-speed railways in my country. The simulation of the propagation law of compression waves generated when a high-speed train passes through a tunnel at ultra-high speed, the size and variation of aerodynamic loads on the tunnel lining, and the propagation law and size of micro-pressure waves at the tunnel entrance have important guiding significance for future development.

[0003] Therefore, how to provide an ultra-high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamic test system that can test the tunnel aerodynamic effects under factors such as different tunnel blockage ratios, different buffer structures, and different train head shapes at ultra-high speeds (≥600km / h) is an urgent problem that technicians in this field need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an ultra-high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamic test system that can simulate and measure the propagation law of compression waves generated when a high-speed train passes through a tunnel at ultra-high speed, the size and variation law of aerodynamic loads on the tunnel lining, and the propagation law and size of micro-pressure waves at the tunnel entrance.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an ultra-high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamic test system, comprising a launch device, the launch device comprising a base, a launch tube, a propulsion rod, and a telescopic rod, the launch tube being horizontally fixed to the base, a combustion propulsion chamber being fixed inside one end of the launch tube, the propulsion rod being slidably connected within the launch tube with one end thereof proximate to the combustion propulsion chamber, the telescopic rod being vertically fixed to the edge of the other end of the propulsion rod, the launch tube having a notch formed along its axial direction near the other end of the propulsion rod, and the combustion propulsion chamber pushing the propulsion rod by igniting a command fuze;

[0006] An experimental and testing device, comprising a track, a model train, tunnel segments, a pressure and wind speed test assembly, a high-definition camera, a laser rangefinder, a microphone, and an industrial control computer. The track is connected to the launch tube, the model train is slidably connected to the track, and the telescopic end of the telescopic rod is clamped to the bottom of the model train to propel the model train forward. The tunnel segments are fixed to the track to form a model tunnel, the pressure and wind speed test assembly is fixed to the inside of the model tunnel, the high-definition cameras are grouped in pairs and respectively fixed to the outside of both ends of the model tunnel, the laser rangefinders are grouped in pairs and respectively fixed to the outside of both ends of the model tunnel, the microphone is fixed near the laser rangefinder, and the industrial control computer is electrically connected to the pressure and wind speed test assembly, the high-definition camera, the laser rangefinder, the microphone, and the command fuse.

[0007] The recovery buffer device includes a recovery buffer tube and a recovery tube seat. The recovery buffer tube is fixed on the recovery tube seat and is located at one end of the track away from the launch tube.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: a scene of a high-speed train passing through a tunnel is simulated by a launch device, an experimental and testing device, and a recovery and buffer device, and the propagation law of compression waves generated when a high-speed train passes through a tunnel at ultra-high speed, and the size and change law of aerodynamic loads on the tunnel lining are simulated and measured, which has guiding significance for the development of my country's high-speed trains and tunnel construction. Specifically, a combustion propulsion chamber is arranged at one end of a launch tube to generate thrust, a propulsion rod is slidably connected in the launch tube, and a telescopic rod is fixed to the edge of the other end of the propulsion rod. The combustion propulsion chamber performs work to propel the propulsion rod to move at high speed, causing the telescopic rod to move. The experimental and testing device includes a track, a model train, a tunnel segment, a pressure and wind speed test assembly, a high-definition camera, a laser rangefinder, a microphone, and an industrial control computer. The track is connected to the launch tube, a model train is slidably connected to the track, and the tunnel segment is connected to the track to form a model tunnel. The telescopic rod is clamped with the bottom of the model train to drive the model train to move at high speed on the track. Various parameters of the model train passing through the model tunnel are recorded by the pressure and wind speed test assembly, the high-definition camera, the laser rangefinder, the microphone, and the industrial control computer. The recovery and buffer device is used to brake the model train. Easy to measure and simple to use.

[0009] Preferably, the outer side of the middle portion of the launch tube is connected to a pressure relief pipe, and the pressure relief pipe is connected to a pressure relief valve.

[0010] Preferably, a piston head is fixed to one end of the propulsion rod close to the combustion propulsion chamber, and a buffer head is fixedly connected to the other end.

[0011] Preferably, a hydraulic buffer is provided inside the launch tube and corresponding to the end of the travel of the propulsion rod, and the other end of the propulsion rod collides with the hydraulic buffer to buffer and terminate the travel of the propulsion rod.

[0012] Preferably, the track includes an acceleration section, an experimental section and a transition section, a lumen is provided in the acceleration section, the acceleration section is fixed on the outer peripheral side of the launch tube, a sliding opening passing through the lumen is provided on the top of the acceleration section, the notch is provided at the top of the launch tube, the sliding opening corresponds to the upper and lower positions of the notch, and the telescopic end of the telescopic rod is located in the notch and the sliding opening.

[0013] Preferably, there are multiple groups of trains, and a groove is provided at the bottom of each group of trains. The telescopic rod is an electric telescopic rod, and the telescopic end of the telescopic rod extends into the groove.

[0014] Preferably, a smoke generator is fixedly connected to the top of the model tunnel, and the smoke generator is electrically connected to the industrial control computer.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of constant pressure holes are provided on the side wall of one end of the launch tube away from the combustion propulsion chamber.

[0016] Preferably, a track slot is provided at the top of the track corresponding to its length direction, and the track slots are arranged side by side in groups of two. The bottom of the model train is fixedly connected to running rods, and the running rods are grouped in pairs and are adapted to be slidably connected in the track slots one by one.

[0017] Preferably, the cross section of the track chute is circular. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The overall structure of the ultra-high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamic test system of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0019] Figure 2 The overall structure of the ultra-high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamic test system of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a launch device for an ultra-high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamics test system according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a track schematic diagram of an ultra-high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamic test system according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a model train for an ultra-high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamics test system according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of location A of an ultra-high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamics test system according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the launch tube portion of an ultra-high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamics test system of the present invention.

[0025] 1 Launching device, 101 Base, 102 Launching tube, 103 Propulsion rod, 104 Telescopic rod, 2 Combustion propulsion chamber, 3 Command fuze, 4 Notch, 5 Experiment and test device, 501 Track, 5011 Acceleration section, 5012 Experimental section, 5013 Transition section, 502 Model train, 503 Tunnel segment, 504 Pressure and wind speed test assembly, 505 High-definition camera, 506 Laser rangefinder, 507 Microphone, 508 Industrial computer, 6 Recovery buffer device, 601 Recovery buffer tube, 602 Recovery tube seat, 7 Pressure relief pipe, 8 Hydraulic buffer, 9 Groove, 10 Smoke generator, 11 Track slide, 12 Running rod, 13 Constant pressure hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The experimental principle of this invention: When conducting model experiments, to ensure comparability and usefulness of test data, simulation parameters must be determined based on the principle of similarity. The two most important parameters for gas flow in a model tunnel are the Mach number and the Reynolds number. As long as the speed of the model train matches that of the actual train, the Mach number is guaranteed to be the same. Based on the Reynolds similarity criterion and the properties of the "self-modeling zone," it can be assumed that Reynolds similarity is not necessarily required. This allows the determination of the fundamental variables in model experiments of high-speed trains entering and exiting tunnels, and the similarity model ratio can be determined based on the "P Theorem."

[0028] See the attached Figures 1 to 7According to an embodiment of the present invention, an ultra-high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamic test system includes a launch device 1, which includes a base 101, a launch tube 102, a propulsion rod 103, and a telescopic rod 104. The launch tube 102 is horizontally fixed on the base 101, and a combustion propulsion chamber 2 is fixed inside one end of the launch tube 102. The propulsion rod 103 is slidably connected in the launch tube 102 with one end thereof close to the combustion propulsion chamber. The telescopic rod 104 is vertically fixed to the edge of the other end of the propulsion rod 103. A notch 4 is opened along the axial direction of the launch tube 102 near the other end of the propulsion rod 103. The combustion propulsion chamber 2 ignites combustion and propels the propulsion rod 103 through a command fuze 3.

[0029] Experimental and testing device 5, which includes a track 501, a model train 502, a tunnel segment 503, a pressure and wind speed test assembly 504, a high-definition camera 505, a laser rangefinder 506, a microphone 507, and an industrial control computer 508. The track 501 is connected to the launch tube 102, and the model train 502 is slidably connected to the track 501. The telescopic end of the telescopic rod 104 is clamped to the bottom of the model train 502 to push the model train forward; the tunnel segment 503 is fixed to the track 501. A model tunnel is formed, the pressure and wind speed test components 504 are fixed on the inner side of the model tunnel, the high-definition cameras 505 are grouped in pairs and fixed on the outer sides of the two ends of the model tunnel, the laser rangefinders 506 are grouped in pairs and fixed on the outer sides of the two ends of the model tunnel, the microphone 507 is fixed at a position close to the laser rangefinder 506, and the industrial control computer 508 is electrically connected to the pressure and wind speed test components 504, the high-definition cameras 505, the laser rangefinder 506, the microphone 507 and the command fuse 3 respectively;

[0030] The recovery buffer device 6 includes a recovery buffer tube 601 and a recovery tube seat 602 . The recovery buffer tube 601 is fixed on the recovery tube seat 602 and is located at one end of the track 501 away from the launch tube 102 .

[0031] In other embodiments, a pressure relief pipe 7 is connected to the outer side of the middle portion of the launch tube 102, and a pressure relief valve is connected to the pressure relief pipe 7. After the device completes the launch and testing mission, the high-pressure gas accumulated in the launch pipe is discharged to reduce the pressure in the container to the normal operating pressure (local atmospheric pressure).

[0032] Specifically, the launch tube is a hollow shell with certain mechanical strength, good pressure resistance and good sealing performance. It is made of a high-temperature resistant alloy material with good ductility, easy processing and not easy to rust.

[0033] More specifically, the propulsion rod 103 has a piston head fixed to one end near the combustion chamber 2, and a buffer head fixedly connected to the other end. Four telescopic rods are integrally bonded to the front end of the propulsion rod, which are inserted through notches and slides into grooves at the bottom of the train car. A buffer head, made of rubber, is located at the impact end of the propulsion rod to absorb impact energy and mitigate the effects of the impact.

[0034] In other embodiments, a hydraulic buffer 8 is installed inside the launch tube 102, corresponding to the end of the propulsion rod 103's travel. The other end of the propulsion rod 103 abuts against the hydraulic buffer 8, providing a buffering effect. This serves as a safety device to prevent damage to the mechanism caused by hard collisions of the propulsion rod during operation. The hydraulic damping cushions and slows objects acting on it to a stop, providing a degree of protection.

[0035] In other specific embodiments, the track 501 includes an acceleration section 5011, an experimental section 5012 and a transition section 5013. A tubular cavity is defined in the acceleration section 5011, and the acceleration section 5011 is fixed to the outer peripheral side of the launch tube 102. A sliding opening penetrating the tubular cavity is defined at the top of the acceleration section 5011. A notch is defined at the top of the launch tube 102, and the sliding opening corresponds to the notch in upper and lower positions. The telescopic end of the telescopic rod 104 is located in the notch and the sliding opening.

[0036] In other embodiments, the model trains 502 are multiple sets, each with a groove 9 defined in the bottom. The telescopic rods 104 are electrically operated, with the telescopic ends of the rods 104 extending into the grooves 9. As the rods advance, they impart a certain velocity to the model trains, allowing them to pass through the tunnel. A high-speed telescopic rod with a velocity of v ≥ 200 mm / s is used. As the train accelerates, the ends of the rods engage the grooves at the bottom of the train cars, accelerating with the train. After acceleration, the rods rapidly retract and disengage from the train.

[0037] In other embodiments, a smoke generator 10 is fixedly connected to the top of the model tunnel and is electrically connected to the industrial control computer 508. Before the train runs, the smoke generator fills the tunnel with colored gas, facilitating the high-definition camera to record the aerodynamic effects.

[0038] In other embodiments, multiple constant-pressure holes 13 are provided on the sidewall of the launch tube 102, away from the combustion and propulsion chamber 2. The launch tube flows from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area of ​​the tube. Considering the impact of shock waves and high-speed airflow generated during the launch of the model train on the internal pressure of the tube, holes are provided in the launch tube sidewall to balance the internal and external pressures. Constant-pressure holes are provided every 3 meters, with a hole diameter D of 30 cm.

[0039] In other embodiments, track chutes 11 are formed along the top of the track 501, extending along its length. The track chutes 11 are arranged in pairs, side by side. The bottom of the model train 502 is fixedly connected to running rods 12, which are arranged in pairs and slideably connected to the track chutes 11. The train running rods are designed as continuous straight rods embedded in the track chutes. This allows the train to move only parallel to the track, ensuring smooth and high-speed operation.

[0040] Specifically, pressure relief holes are opened on the side or top surface of the tunnel segments at the entrance and exit of the model tunnel. The area of ​​the pressure relief holes can be determined based on actual conditions and is preferably 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of the effective tunnel clearance area. A variable-porosity entrance segment is designed. The pressure relief holes are filled with plasticine and sealed with a layer of PVA adhesive. Blocked holes can be removed to change the porosity at the entrance. The tunnel segments are made of polyethylene and connected by snap-fit ​​connections. Different diameters, lengths, internal cross-sectional dimensions, and entrance buffer structures can be selected based on test requirements.

[0041] Specifically, the cross section of the track chute 11 is circular.

[0042] The model test is at a scale of 1 / 60, and the appearance of the train and tunnel is realistically simulated, which is a three-dimensional simulation.

[0043] The ultra-high-speed tunnel aerodynamic test system test platform is 100m long;

[0044] The total length of the launch device and the acceleration section 5011 of the track is 50m; the experimental section 5012 includes a 15m straight section of the entrance, a 15m tunnel section, and a 10m transition section 5013; the recovery buffer section is 10m long;

[0045] Model train marshaling: 4-car train, with a single car length of 25000mm based on CRH400B, and a single car length of 0.42m after scale reduction, and a test speed of ≥600km / h;

[0046] Pressure sensors and anemometers in tunnel segments: To measure and analyze the propagation characteristics of pressure fluctuations in the tunnel, pressure sensors and anemometers are arranged on the tunnel wall along the length of the tunnel. They are bonded to the tunnel wall on both sides symmetrically, 0.4m above the top of the track. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, one pressure sensor is used as a pressure measuring point. The pressure measuring points are 2m apart and are numbered according to their distance from the left entrance of the tunnel.

[0047] The functions of each component, high-definition camera: placed on both sides of the tunnel entrance, with an inclination angle of 45 degrees to the tunnel axis, it records the aerodynamic effects before and after the train passes through the tunnel.

[0048] Laser speedometers: These are located at the tunnel entrance and exit to measure train speed before and after entering the tunnel. Microphones: B&K microphones are used to measure micro-pressure waves. These microphones are located 1m and 2m from the tunnel exit, at a 45° angle to the tunnel axis, to record the noise generated by the micro-pressure waves at the exit.

[0049] Industrial control computer: The control system sends commands to the command fuse to generate the firing control signal; the industrial control computer acquisition system is connected to the smoke generator, pressure and wind speed test component (pressure and wind speed sensor), and camera, and can complete measurement and calculation tasks such as data acquisition and image processing. It records the data and images of the train entering the tunnel, and the data acquisition records the pressure and noise of the train entering and exiting the tunnel, and realizes high-precision control of the entire system.

[0050] The combustion chamber is a device where propellant burns to generate high-pressure gas. Made of high-temperature resistant alloy, it consists of a diffuser, combustion chamber housing, flame tube, fuel nozzle, and ignition device. The propellant burns regularly within the chamber, releasing energy and producing high-pressure gas, which serves as the power source for the launcher.

[0051] Propellant is a type of chemical substance that can quickly produce a large amount of high-temperature, high-pressure gas when burned. The high-pressure gas generated instantly is used to propel the struts and accelerate the train.

[0052] The present invention controls various test components using an industrial control computer to measure various parameters generated by a model train passing through a tunnel at high speed. It can simulate and measure the propagation law of compression waves generated when a high-speed train passes through a tunnel at ultra-high speed, the size and variation of aerodynamic loads on the tunnel lining, and the propagation law and size of micro-pressure waves at the tunnel entrance, providing guidance for the development of my country's high-speed railways.

[0053] As for the devices and methods of use disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the description of the methods.

[0054] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An ultra-high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamics test system, characterized by: The invention comprises a launching device (1), wherein the launching device (1) comprises a base (101), a launching tube (102), a propulsion rod (103) and a telescopic rod (104); the launching tube (102) is horizontally fixed on the base (101); a pressure relief pipe (7) is connected to the outer side of the middle portion of the launching tube (102); a pressure relief valve is connected to the pressure relief pipe (7); a combustion propulsion chamber (2) is fixed at one end of the launching tube (102); and the propulsion rod (103) is slidably connected to the launching tube (102). The propelling rod (103) is fixed with a piston head at one end thereof near the combustion propulsion chamber (2), and a buffer head is fixedly connected at the other end thereof. The telescopic rod (104) is vertically fixed to the edge of the other end of the propelling rod (103). A notch (4) is provided along the axial direction of the launch tube (102) near the other end of the propelling rod (103). The combustion propulsion chamber (2) ignites and burns through the command fuze (3) to push the propelling rod (103). An experimental and testing device (5) comprises a track (501), a model train (502), a tunnel segment (503), a pressure and wind speed test assembly (504), a high-definition camera (505), a laser rangefinder (506), a microphone (507), and an industrial control computer (508); the track (501) is connected to the launch tube (102); the model train (502) is slidably connected to the track (501); the telescopic end of the telescopic rod (104) is clamped on the bottom of the model train (502) to push the model train forward; the tunnel segment (503) is fixed to the A model tunnel is formed on the track (501), the pressure wind speed test assembly (504) is fixed inside the model tunnel, the high-definition cameras (505) are grouped in pairs and respectively fixed outside the two ends of the model tunnel, the laser rangefinders (506) are grouped in pairs and respectively fixed outside the two ends of the model tunnel, the microphone (507) is fixed at a position close to the laser rangefinder (506), and the industrial control computer (508) is electrically connected to the pressure wind speed test assembly (504), the high-definition camera (505), the laser rangefinder (506), the microphone (507) and the command fuse (3); A recovery buffer device (6) comprises a recovery buffer tube (601) and a recovery tube seat (602); the recovery buffer tube (601) is fixed on the recovery tube seat (602) and is located at an end of the track (501) away from the launch tube (102).

2. The ultra-high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamics test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydraulic buffer (8) is provided inside the launch tube (102) and at the end of the travel of the propulsion rod (103). The other end of the propulsion rod (103) collides with the hydraulic buffer (8) to buffer and terminate the travel of the propulsion rod (103).

3. The ultra-high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamics test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The track (501) includes an acceleration section (5011), an experimental section (5012) and a transition section (5013). A lumen is provided in the acceleration section (5011). The acceleration section (5011) is fixed to the outer peripheral side of the launch tube (102). A sliding opening penetrating the lumen is provided at the top of the acceleration section (5011). The notch is provided at the top of the launch tube (102). The sliding opening corresponds to the upper and lower positions of the notch. The telescopic end of the telescopic rod (104) is located in the notch and the sliding opening.

4. The ultra-high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamics test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model trains (502) are in multiple groups, and a groove (9) is provided at the bottom of each group of trains. The telescopic rod (104) is an electric telescopic rod, and the telescopic end of the telescopic rod (104) extends into the groove (9).

5. The ultra-high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamics test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A smoke generator (10) is fixedly connected to the top of the model tunnel, and the smoke generator (10) is electrically connected to the industrial control computer (508).

6. The ultra-high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamics test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of constant pressure holes (13) are provided on a side wall of one end of the launch tube (102) away from the combustion propulsion chamber (2).

7. The ultra-high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamics test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the track (501) is provided with a track chute (11) corresponding to its longitudinal direction, and the track chute (11) is arranged side by side in groups of two. The bottom of the model train (502) is fixedly connected to the running rod (12), and the running rod (12) is grouped in pairs and is respectively adapted to be slidably connected in the track chute (11) in a one-to-one correspondence.

8. The ultra-high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamics test system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cross section of the track chute (11) is circular.

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