Pelvic fracture channel screw

Abstract

The application provides a pelvic fracture channel screw, wherein the pelvic fracture channel screw comprises a fixed screw and an auxiliary screw; a first shank and a first head are fixedly connected to form the fixed screw; a hemispherical cavity in the first head is communicated with a cylindrical cavity in the first shank; a taper hole is arranged on a side wall of the first head or a joint of the first head and the first shank, an axis of the taper hole and an axis of the first shank form a predetermined angle, and the taper hole is communicated with the hemispherical cavity and the cylindrical cavity; a second head and a second shank are integrally formed to form the auxiliary screw; the second head is provided with a universal groove, and the second head is provided with an external thread matched with the taper hole; and the auxiliary screw can swing in a preset angle range in the taper hole through the universal groove. The application solves the problem that the traditional hollow screw is easy to fail when used for fixing in the pelvic fracture in the prior art, and further enhances the holding force of the pelvic fracture channel screw.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of orthopedic medical devices, in particular to a pelvic fracture channel screw. BACKGROUND

[0002] The treatment of pelvic fractures has experienced three stages: conservative treatment before the 1970s, surgical treatment since the 1980s, and current minimally invasive treatment. Currently, minimally invasive treatment of pelvic fractures has gradually become the preferred method and common means for such fractures, and minimally invasive fixation technology is an indispensable important part of minimally invasive treatment. Among them, the channel screw technology (percutaneous screw placement) has become an ideal minimally invasive fixation technology due to its small surgical trauma, reliable fixation, and wide application.

[0003] LC-II type pelvic fracture is a common type of pelvic fracture in clinical practice, especially fragile LC-II type pelvic fracture in the elderly, which is tricky. Traditional open reduction and plate internal fixation has large trauma and many complications. With the development of medicine, minimally invasive techniques for treating pelvic and acetabular fractures have gradually become popular and are commonly used treatment methods. The minimally invasive concept has given rise to closed reduction and percutaneous screw internal fixation of the crescent-shaped fracture block of the posterior ring of the LC-II type pelvic fracture, and 7.3MM cannulated screws are commonly used in clinical practice to internally fix LC-II type pelvic fractures through the LC-II channel. The screw insertion direction is commonly from the anterior inferior iliac spine to the posterior superior iliac spine, which has the advantages of minimally invasive, secure fixation, and good postoperative recovery. However, the traditional 7.3MM cannulated screw is prone to failure under the action of pelvic rotation force, especially in patients with fragile fractures, which limits the development of minimally invasive surgery.

[0004] There is no effective solution to the problem of the traditional 7.3MM cannulated screw being prone to failure when used to fix the pelvic fracture in the prior art. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the present embodiment provides a pelvic fracture channel screw to solve the problem of the traditional 7.3MM cannulated screw being prone to failure when used to fix the pelvic fracture in the prior art.

[0006] To this end, the present embodiment provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present application provides a pelvic fracture channel screw, comprising: a fixed screw and an auxiliary screw.

[0008] The fixed screw comprises a first screw head and a first screw rod, the first screw rod is fixedly connected with the first screw head; a semispherical cavity is arranged in the first screw head, a cylindrical cavity penetrating through the first screw rod is arranged in the first screw rod along the length direction of the first screw rod; the semispherical cavity and the cylindrical cavity are communicated; a conical screw hole is arranged on the side wall of the first screw head or the connecting part of the first screw head and the first screw rod, the axis of the conical screw hole and the axis of the first screw rod form a predetermined angle, and the conical screw hole is communicated with the semispherical cavity and the cylindrical cavity.

[0009] The auxiliary screw comprises a second screw head and a second screw rod, the second screw head and the second screw rod are integrally formed; the second screw head is provided with a universal groove, and the second screw head is provided with an external thread matched with the conical screw hole; the universal groove is one or more longitudinal grooves arranged on the second screw head along the length direction of the second screw head; the auxiliary screw is staggered with the thread in the conical screw hole through the universal groove, and the auxiliary screw can swing in a predetermined angle range in the conical screw hole.

[0010] Optionally, a plurality of threads with different pitches are arranged on the first screw rod, and a plurality of threads with different pitches are arranged on the second screw rod.

[0011] Optionally, the pitch of the middle thread of the first screw rod is greater than the pitch of the threads at both ends, and the pitch of the middle thread of the second screw rod is greater than the pitch of the threads at both ends.

[0012] Optionally, a plurality of injection holes are arranged at one end of the first screw rod away from the first screw head.

[0013] Optionally, a plurality of grooves are arranged at one end of the first screw head away from the first screw rod.

[0014] Optionally, a plurality of limiting holes are arranged on the side wall of the first screw head, a protective shell is arranged outside the first screw head, the protective shell is semispherical and matched with the first screw head, a protrusion matched with the limiting hole is arranged on the inner wall of the protective shell, the protective shell is sleeved outside the first screw head, and the protrusion is clamped into the limiting hole.

[0015] Optionally, the first screw head is a semisphere.

[0016] The technical scheme of the present application has the following advantages:

[0017] The application provides a pelvic fracture channel screw, and solves the problem that the traditional 7.3MM hollow screw is easy to fail when being used to fix the pelvis in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the specific embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work based on these drawings are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0019] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a structure schematic view of the pelvic fracture channel screw according to the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the fixed screw according to the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the auxiliary screw according to the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 Fig. 4 is a state schematic view of the auxiliary screw swinging according to the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the connection relationship between the auxiliary screw and the fixed screw after the auxiliary screw swings according to the present application.

[0024] In the drawings,

[0025] 1, fixed screw; 2, auxiliary screw; 3, first nail head; 4, first nail rod; 5, semispherical cavity; 6, cylindrical cavity; 7, tapered screw hole; 8, external thread; 9, second nail rod; 10, second nail head; 11, first thread; 12, injection hole; 13, groove; 14, limiting hole; 15, second thread; 16, universal groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0027] In the description of the application, it needs to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0028] In the present application, the word "exemplary" is used to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any implementation described as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other implementations. The following description is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the application. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, specific details are set forth. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application can be practiced without using these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes are not elaborated in order not to obscure the description of the present application with unnecessary details. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited by the embodiments shown, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed.

[0029] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0030] In the present embodiment, a pelvic fracture channel screw is provided, which can be used for pelvic fractures, such as ischial branch fractures and iliac fractures with relatively thick and dense bone on the lateral side of the sacroiliac joint, Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the pelvic fracture channel screw according to the present application, as Figure 1 shown, the pelvic fracture channel screw comprises a fixed screw 1 and an auxiliary screw 2. Specifically, after the fixed screw 1 is placed in the pelvic fracture, the auxiliary screw 2 is placed in the pelvic through the fixed screw 1, thereby enhancing the fixation effect on the pelvic fracture.

[0031] As Figure 2As shown, the fixing screw 1 includes a first screw head 3 and a first screw shank 4, which are fixedly connected to the first screw head 3. Specifically, the first screw head 3 and the first screw shank 4 are integrally formed, and the fixing screw 1 is made of a material with high hardness and resistance to rust, such as stainless steel, titanium alloy, or nickel-cobalt alloy. Those skilled in the art should understand that the connection method of the first screw head 3 and the first screw shank 4 is not intended to limit the invention; other connection methods are also within the scope of protection of the invention, such as screwing.

[0032] The first screw head 3 has a hemispherical cavity 5 inside, and the first screw shank 4 has a cylindrical cavity 6 extending through the first screw shank 4 along its length; the hemispherical cavity 5 and the cylindrical cavity 6 are connected. Specifically, by making the first screw head 3 and the first screw shank 4 into cavities, Kirschner wires can pass through the fixation screw 1. When the patient needs to have the pelvic fracture channel screw inserted, a Kirschner wire is first inserted, and then the fixation screw 1 is passed through the Kirschner wire and placed into the position of the Kirschner wire. Alternatively, the fracture channel screw can be guided without using a Kirschner wire. Simultaneously, the cavity at the first screw head 3 facilitates the operation of the screw 2.

[0033] A tapered screw hole 7 is provided on the side wall of the first screw head 3 or at the connection between the first screw head 3 and the first screw rod 4. The axis of the tapered screw hole 7 forms a predetermined angle with the axis of the first screw rod 4. The tapered screw hole 7 communicates with the hemispherical cavity 5 and the cylindrical cavity 6. Specifically, by providing the tapered screw hole 7 at the first screw head 3 or at the connection between the first screw head 3 and the first screw rod 4, the auxiliary screw 2 can enter the fixing screw 1 from the spherical cavity 5, pass through the tapered screw hole 7, and extend to the outside of the fixing screw 1. In addition, the predetermined angle can be set according to the clinical experience of medical personnel. For example, the axis of the tapered screw hole 7 forms a 15° angle with the axis of the first screw rod 4.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, the auxiliary screw 2 includes a second screw head 10 and a second screw shank 9, which are integrally formed. The second screw head is provided with a universal groove 16 and an external thread 8 that matches the tapered screw hole 7. The universal groove 16 is one or more longitudinal grooves provided on the second screw head 10 along its length. The auxiliary screw 2 is offset from the thread in the tapered screw hole 7 by the universal groove 16, and the auxiliary screw 2 can swing within a preset angle range in the tapered screw hole 7. Figure 4As shown. Specifically, the fixed screw 1 is inserted at the pelvic fracture, the auxiliary screw 2 is passed through the spherical cavity 5, the second shank 9 is passed out of the conical screw hole 7, and the second shank 9 is inserted into the patient's bone, the second head 10 is screwed with the conical screw hole 7, and the thread of the conical screw hole 7 is disengaged by the action of the universal groove 16 on the second head 10, so that the auxiliary screw 2 can swing within a predetermined angle range. When the universal groove 16 is a longitudinal groove, the longitudinal groove has a larger width, so that the end of the second head 10 away from the second shank 9 can disengage the thread of the conical screw hole 7, thereby making the axis of the auxiliary screw 2 not coincide with the axis of the conical screw hole 7; when the universal groove 16 is a plurality of longitudinal grooves, the end of the second head 10 away from the second shank 9 is in the form of a strip, so that the end of the second head 10 away from the second shank 9 can disengage the thread of the conical screw hole 7, so that when the second head 10 is tilted and screwed into the conical screw hole 7, the thread of the conical screw hole 7 is disengaged by the strip, thereby making the axis of the auxiliary screw 2 not coincide with the axis of the conical screw hole 7. For example, the axis of the conical screw hole 7 is 15° from the axis of the first shank 10, but the axis of the hole drilled in advance on the patient's bone does not coincide with the axis of the conical screw hole 7, so that when the auxiliary screw 2 is inserted into the hole drilled in the bone, the auxiliary screw 2 can swing 3° to 5° through the conical screw hole 7, and the axis of the second head 10 is 18° to 20° from the axis of the first shank 4 by the action of the universal groove 16, and is locked with the fixed screw 1, that is, when swinging, the auxiliary screw 2 is inclined at a certain angle in the conical screw hole 7 by the universal groove 16 (at this time, the auxiliary screw 2 can be inclined in the conical screw hole due to the conical structure of the conical screw hole 7), and the thread plays a clamping role, such as Figure 5 As shown.

[0035] The pelvic fracture channel screw in the prior art is a single fixed screw, and a 7.3MM hollow screw is commonly used in clinical practice to fix the pelvic fracture. In this embodiment, a pelvic fracture channel screw is designed differently from the prior art, and an auxiliary screw 2 is added on the basis of the fixed screw 1 to enhance the holding force of the fixed screw 1. The embodiment solves the problem that the use of a traditional 7.3MM hollow screw to fix the pelvic fracture is prone to failure in the prior art, thereby providing a better fixing effect on the pelvic fracture, and the auxiliary screw 2 can not only be locked with the fixed screw 1, but also swing within a predetermined angle range, thereby enhancing flexibility.

[0036] To illustrate the first thread 11 and the second thread 15, in some alternative embodiments, the first nail rod 4 is provided with the first thread 11 of multiple pitches, and the second nail rod 9 is provided with the second thread 15 of multiple pitches. Specifically, the first thread 11 can be composed of coarse thread and fine thread, and the second thread 15 can also be composed of coarse thread and fine thread. The coarse thread has high strength and good fixing performance; the fine thread has good sealing performance, and the anti-loosening performance of the fine thread is better than that of the coarse thread without taking anti-loosening measures, but the strength of the fine thread is low. Therefore, the first nail rod 4 is provided with coarse thread and fine thread, the second nail rod 9 is provided with coarse thread and fine thread, and the end away from the first nail head 3 and the second nail head 10 is fine thread, and the end close to the first nail head 3 and the second nail head 10 is coarse thread, which can effectively enhance the holding force of the fixed screw 1 and the auxiliary screw 2. Those skilled in the art should know that the type of the first thread 11 and the second thread 15 is not used to limit the present application, and other types of threads are also within the protection scope of the present application.

[0037] To further illustrate the first thread 11 and the second thread 15, in some alternative embodiments, the pitch of the middle thread of the first nail rod 4 is greater than the pitch of the two end threads; the pitch of the middle thread of the second nail rod 9 is greater than the pitch of the two end threads. Specifically, by arranging the first thread 11 and the second thread 15 as two kinds of threads with different pitches alternately arranged, and the pitch of the middle thread of the first nail rod 4 and the second nail rod 9 is greater than the pitch of the two end threads, the fixing performance and the holding force of the thread are improved, so as to fix the pelvis of the patient.

[0038] In some alternative embodiments, the first nail rod 4 is provided with multiple injection holes 12 at the end away from the first nail head 3. Specifically, after the first nail rod 4 is placed in the pelvic fracture, bone cement can be injected into the cylindrical cavity 6 from the tail of the first nail rod 4, and the bone cement can enter the pelvic fracture through the injection hole 12, which is beneficial to the recovery of the pelvic fracture. At the same time, since the elderly usually suffer from osteoporosis, when a fracture occurs, the degree of bone damage is relatively serious. By placing bone cement in the fixed screw 1, the mechanical strength of the fixed screw 1 can be improved, which is beneficial to the postoperative rehabilitation of the fracture.

[0039] In some alternative embodiments, the first nail head 3 is provided with multiple grooves 13 at the end away from the first nail rod 4. Specifically, the grooves 13 can be reliably connected with external devices, for example, a device for rotating a screw, which is provided with a mechanism matching the grooves 13 at the end in contact with the first nail head 3. After the device for rotating a screw clamps the mechanism into the grooves 13, the fixed screw 1 is rotated, and then the fixed screw 1 is placed in the pelvic fracture.

[0040] In some optional embodiments, a plurality of limiting holes 14 are arranged on the side wall of the first nail head 3, and a protective shell is arranged outside the first nail head 3, which is hemispherical and matches the first nail head 3; a protrusion matching the limiting hole 14 is arranged on the inner wall of the protective shell. The protective shell is sleeved outside the first nail head 3, and the protrusion is clamped into the limiting hole 14. Specifically, after the bone fracture channel screw is placed, the protective shell can be inserted into the first nail head 3 to prevent human tissues from entering the hemispherical cavity 5 and the cylindrical cavity 6, thereby hindering the subsequent nail removal. In addition, when the nail is removed, the protective shell can be pulled out by force, so that the protrusion on the protective shell slides out of the limiting hole 14, the protective shell is removed, and then the auxiliary screw 2 and the fixed screw 1 are removed; or the protective shell is made of a sheet material, which is easy to break and remove.

[0041] In order to illustrate the first nail head 3, in some optional embodiments, the first nail head 3 is a hemisphere. Specifically, the first nail head 3 is a hemisphere, and the surface is smooth, so that when the fixed screw 1 is placed in the pelvic fracture, the bone is not damaged.

[0042] Although the embodiments of the present application are described in conjunction with the drawings, various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and such modifications and changes fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A pelvic fracture channel screw, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of fixed screw and auxiliary screw; The fixed screw (1) includes first nail head (3) and first nail rod (4), and the first nail rod (4) is fixedly connected with the first nail head (3);The first nail head (3) is internally provided with a hemispherical cavity (5), and a cylindrical cavity (6) is provided in the first nail rod (4) along the length direction of the first nail rod (4) and penetrates the first nail rod (4);The hemispherical cavity (5) and the cylindrical cavity (6) are communicated;A tapered screw hole (7) is provided on the side wall of the first nail head (3) or the connecting portion of the first nail head (3) and the first nail rod (4), the axis of the tapered screw hole (7) forms a predetermined angle with the axis of the first nail rod (4), and the tapered screw hole (7) is communicated with the hemispherical cavity (5) and the cylindrical cavity (6), The first nail head (3) is a hemisphere, a plurality of limiting holes (14) are provided on the side wall of the first nail head (3), and a protective shell is provided outside the first nail head (3), which is hemispherical and matched with the first nail head (3);A protrusion matched with the limiting hole (14) is provided on the inner wall of the protective shell, the protective shell is sleeved outside the first nail head (3), and the protrusion is clamped into the limiting hole (14), A plurality of grooves (13) are provided on the end of the first nail head (3) away from the first nail rod (4); The auxiliary screw (2) includes a second nail head (10) and a second nail rod (9), and the second nail head (10) and the second nail rod (9) are integrally formed;The second nail head is provided with a universal groove (16), and the second nail head (10) is provided with an external thread (8) matched with the tapered screw hole (7);The universal groove (16) is one or more longitudinal grooves provided on the second nail head (10) along the length direction of the second nail head (10);The auxiliary screw (2) is staggered with the thread in the tapered screw hole (7) through the universal groove (16), and the auxiliary screw (2) can swing within a predetermined angle range in the tapered screw hole (7). A plurality of first threads (11) with different pitches are provided on the first nail rod (4), and a plurality of second threads (15) with different pitches are provided on the second nail rod (9).

2. The pelvic fracture channel screw of claim 1, wherein, The pitch of the middle thread of the first nail rod (4) is greater than the pitch of the threads at both ends, and the pitch of the middle thread of the second nail rod (9) is greater than the pitch of the threads at both ends.

3. The pelvic fracture channel screw of claim 2, wherein, A plurality of injection holes (12) are provided on the end of the first nail rod (4) away from the first nail head (3).

4. The pelvic fracture channel screw of claim 1, wherein, ​

Images