Moving Platform Radar Radiation Characteristic Measurement Device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a moving platform radar radiation characteristic measurement device, comprising: a drone subsystem for providing a synchronization signal and power supply for a receiving front-end subsystem and a detection and recording subsystem, flying according to a specified route, and recording the flight state; a receiving front-end subsystem for receiving in real time radar radiation signals in space, filtering them and then transmitting them to the detection and recording subsystem; a detection and recording subsystem for performing peak detection and sampling on the radar radiation signals and recording the corresponding data; and a data processing subsystem for performing validity screening and error compensation on the recorded data, and combining with the recorded data of the radar device itself to give an analysis result of the radar radiation characteristics. The present invention mainly uses a drone to load an electromagnetic radiation detection device to form an effective moving platform radar radiation characteristic measurement device, which has the characteristics of low hardware cost, fast equipment layout, wide applicable scenarios, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of radar performance inspection, and specifically relates to a measuring device for the radiation characteristics of a radar on a moving platform. Background Art

[0002] The radar radiation characteristics are the spatial power distribution characteristics when the radar detects targets, which are the radiation propagation of each detection beam of the radar in the environment. As an important parameter of the radar system, it is related to the combat technology capabilities of the radar to detect and track targets. With the rapid development of radar technology and the wide application of radar systems, the radar radiation characteristics measurement technology should also continuously meet the increasingly changing test requirements.

[0003] Traditional radar radiation characteristics measurement devices are mainly suitable for static tests. The radar under test is installed on a static base, and the receiving antenna of the measurement device is fixed or can move along a track. "Design of a Near-Field Multi-Mission Test System for Phased Array Radar Antenna, Dong Yang" systematically summarized the radar near-field radiation characteristics measurement method and proposed a near-field measurement device. "Research on the Test Method of Radar Far-Field Radiation Power, Huang Xiaoxuan, Mo Wenjing, Shu Wujing, etc." provided the radar far-field radiation characteristics measurement method and measurement device. Such measurement devices are generally used by radar industrial departments, mainly for testing the radar antenna pattern, and are respectively applied to in-field tests and out-field tests, achieving good results. However, such measurement devices have the disadvantages of high hardware costs, large equipment occupancy space, and inapplicability to the dynamic measurement of the radiation characteristics of the radar in the actual working scenario.

[0004] After the radar is delivered to the user for use, on the one hand, due to the limitation of the user's test site, it is often impossible to establish a radar near-field or far-field radiation characteristics measurement system. On the other hand, new measurement scenarios require measuring the radar radiation characteristics during the normal detection of the radar and the normal movement of the platform where it is located. For example, measuring the large-range radiation characteristics of a vehicle-mounted radar in motion or a ship-mounted radar in navigation during the search working state. At this time, the traditional static measurement equipment and measurement methods are no longer competent. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention proposes a measuring device for the radiation characteristics of a radar on a moving platform.

[0006] The technical solution for realizing the present invention is: a measuring device for the radiation characteristics of a radar on a moving platform, including: an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) subsystem, a receiving front-end subsystem, a detection and recording subsystem, and a data processing subsystem, wherein:

[0007] The UAV subsystem is used to provide a synchronization signal and power supply for the receiving front-end subsystem and the detection and recording subsystem, complete flight according to a specified route, and record the flight state;

[0008] The receiving front-end subsystem is used to receive radar radiation signals in space in real time, and after filtering, transmit them to the detection and recording subsystem;

[0009] The detection and recording subsystem is used to perform peak detection and sampling on the radar radiation signals and record the corresponding data;

[0010] The data processing subsystem is used to perform validity screening and error compensation on the recorded data, and combine with the recorded data of the radar equipment itself to give the analysis results of the radar radiation characteristics.

[0011] Preferably, the UAV subsystem includes: a flight control module, a satellite positioning module, a power supply module, and a gimbal module. The flight control module is used to control the UAV to fly along a set route, has a synchronous signal output interface, and can record the position and attitude of the UAV during flight in real time. The satellite positioning module is used to obtain the differential longitude and latitude information of the UAV relative to the ground control station. The power supply module is used to convert the voltage of the UAV power supply system into a low voltage output for powering the detection and recording subsystem. The gimbal module is installed below the UAV, and the receiving front-end subsystem is installed on it to ensure unobstructed reception of the radar radiation signals by the receiving antenna and keep the attitude of the receiving antenna stable.

[0012] Preferably, the receiving front-end subsystem includes: a receiving antenna, an attenuator, and a filter. The receiving antenna is an omnidirectional antenna or a directional antenna, and its polarization mode is the same as that of the measured radar. The attenuator is used to adjust the attenuation of the receiving link, and the filter is used to filter out interference signals outside the measured frequency band.

[0013] Preferably, the detection and recording subsystem includes: a limiting and detection module, an AD sampling module, an interface module, and a signal processing module. The limiting and detection module is used to perform limiting and logarithmic detection on the output signal of the receiving front-end subsystem. The AD sampling module is used to perform digital sampling on the detected signal. The signal processing module is used to synchronize the sampling signal according to the second pulse and combine the sampling data with the GPS data into a data frame to complete the recording. The interface module is used to receive the GPS signal and the second pulse signal provided by the UAV flight control module.

[0014] Preferably, the data processing subsystem includes: a preprocessing module, a time correction module, and a radiation analysis module. The preprocessing module is used to preprocess the data of the detection and recording subsystem, the data of the UAV subsystem, and the imported radar data. The time correction module is used to align and correct the time of the three types of data output by the preprocessing to obtain various test data under a unified time scale. The radiation analysis module is used to calculate the three-dimensional distribution of the radiation detection value relative to the radar under test in space, as well as the change of multiple measurement values at the same or adjacent positions over time, so as to obtain the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of the radar radiation of the moving platform.

[0015] Preferably, the preprocessing module parses, performs validity screening, error compensation, and formatted output on the data of the detection and recording subsystem, the data of the UAV subsystem, and the imported radar data.

[0016] Preferably, the data of the detection and recording subsystem includes time, latitude, longitude, and altitude, and the radiation detection value. The data of the UAV subsystem includes time, latitude, longitude, and altitude, and the attitude angle. The imported radar data includes time, latitude, longitude, and altitude, the attitude angle, the azimuth angle of the transmitting beam, and the elevation angle.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the significant advantages of the present invention are as follows: (1) The present invention mainly uses a UAV loaded with an electromagnetic radiation detection device to form an effective measurement device for the radiation characteristics of a moving platform radar, which has the characteristics of low hardware cost, fast equipment layout, and wide applicable scenarios.

[0018] (2) The present invention is particularly suitable for testing the radiation characteristics of a radar during normal detection of the radar and normal movement of the platform, such as dynamic testing of the radiation characteristics during normal search of a vehicle-mounted radar in motion, a ship-mounted radar in navigation, etc.

[0019] The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a measurement device for the radiation characteristics of a moving platform radar.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the usage scenario of a measurement device for the radiation characteristics of a moving platform radar.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a functional schematic diagram of a measurement device for the radiation characteristics of a moving platform radar. Detailed Embodiments

[0023] As Figure 1 shown, a measurement device for the radiation characteristics of a moving platform radar, which has the function of recording and analyzing the spatio-temporal distribution of radar radiation, includes: a UAV subsystem, a receiving front-end subsystem, a detection and recording subsystem, and a data processing subsystem, where:

[0024] The UAV subsystem is used to load the receiving front-end subsystem and the intercepting and recording subsystem, provide necessary synchronization signals and power supply for the receiving front-end subsystem and the intercepting and recording subsystem, and complete flight according to the specified route and record the flight status.

[0025] The receiving front-end subsystem is used to receive radar radiation signals in space in real time and transmit them to the intercepting and recording subsystem after filtering.

[0026] The intercepting and recording subsystem is used to perform peak detection and sampling on the radar radiation signals and record the corresponding data, and needs to access the synchronization signals and power supply provided by the UAV subsystem.

[0027] The data processing subsystem is used to perform validity screening and error compensation on the recorded data, and combine the recorded data of the radar equipment itself to give the analysis results of the radar radiation characteristics.

[0028] In a further embodiment, the UAV subsystem includes: a flight control module, a satellite positioning module, a power supply module, and a gimbal module.

[0029] Specifically, the flight control module is used to control the UAV to fly according to the set route, has a synchronization signal (including GPS signal and second pulse signal) output interface, and can record the position and attitude of the UAV during flight in real time, where the position includes longitude, latitude, and altitude, and the attitude includes pitch angle, roll angle, and heading angle.

[0030] Specifically, the satellite positioning module is installed above the UAV and is used to obtain the differential longitude and latitude information of the UAV relative to the ground control station.

[0031] Specifically, the power supply module is used to convert the voltage of the UAV power supply system into a low-voltage output for powering the intercepting and recording subsystem.

[0032] Specifically, the gimbal module is installed below the UAV, and the receiving front-end subsystem is installed thereon to ensure unobstructed reception of radar radiation signals by the receiving antenna and keep the attitude of the receiving antenna stable.

[0033] In a further embodiment, the receiving front-end subsystem includes: a receiving antenna, an attenuator, and a filter.

[0034] Specifically, the receiving antenna can be an omnidirectional antenna or a directional antenna, and its polarization mode is the same as that of the measured radar.

[0035] Specifically, the attenuator is used to adjust the attenuation of the receiving link to prevent saturation, and the filter is used to filter out interference signals outside the measured frequency band.

[0036] In a further embodiment, the receiving and recording subsystem includes: a limiting and detecting module, an AD sampling module, an interface module, and a signal processing module.

[0037] Specifically, the limiting and detecting module is used to perform amplitude limiting and logarithmic detection on the output signal of the receiving front-end subsystem.

[0038] Specifically, the AD sampling module performs digital sampling on the detected signal.

[0039] Specifically, the interface module is used to receive the GPS signal and the second pulse signal provided by the UAV flight control module, and obtain power supply from the UAV power supply module.

[0040] Specifically, the signal processing module synchronizes the sampling signal according to the second pulse, and combines the sampling data with the GPS data into a data frame to complete the recording.

[0041] In a further embodiment, the data processing subsystem further includes: a preprocessing module, a time correction module, and a radiation analysis module.

[0042] Specifically, the preprocessing module is used to parse, perform validity screening, error compensation, and formatted output on the data of the receiving and recording subsystem, the UAV subsystem, and the imported radar data. The data of the receiving and recording subsystem includes time, longitude, latitude, altitude, and radiation reception value. The data of the UAV subsystem includes time, longitude, latitude, altitude, and attitude angle. The imported radar data includes time, longitude, latitude, altitude, attitude angle, transmitting beam azimuth angle, and elevation angle, etc.

[0043] Specifically, the time correction module is used to perform time alignment and correction on the three types of data output by the preprocessing to obtain various test data under a unified time scale.

[0044] Specifically, the radiation analysis module is used to calculate the three-dimensional distribution of the radiation reception value relative to the measured radar in space, and the change of multiple measurement values at the same or adjacent positions over time, so as to obtain the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of the radar radiation of the moving platform. Embodiment

[0045] The following description focuses on the invention embodiment of the S-band vehicle-mounted radar radiation characteristic measurement device, which is applied to the radiation characteristic measurement scenario during the movement of the vehicle-mounted radar, such as Figure 2 shown. The UAV uses a rotary-wing UAV, and the test weather condition is clear sky with few clouds. However, it can be recognized that the present invention is not limited to this application, but can be applied to the radiation characteristic tests of various radar systems without static test conditions, as well as the radar systems during the normal movement of other radar installation platforms.

[0046] A moving platform radar radiation characteristic measurement device, and its specific implementation example is described as follows:

[0047] (1)The S-band vehicle-mounted radar radiation characteristic measurement device includes a rotor UAV subsystem, an S-band receiving front-end subsystem, an S-band detection and recording subsystem, and a data processing subsystem, and has the function of recording and analyzing the spatio-temporal distribution of S-band radar radiation.

[0048] (2)The rotor UAV subsystem includes a flight control module, a GPS positioning module, a power supply module, and a pan-tilt module. It is used to load key subsystems such as the S-band receiving front-end and the S-band detection and recording, provide necessary synchronization signals and power supply for them, and complete flight according to the specified route and record the flight status.

[0049] a) The flight control module is used to control the UAV to fly according to the set route, and has GPS signal and second pulse signal output interfaces. The GPS output frequency is 5Hz, and it can record the position and attitude of the UAV during flight in real time. The recording period is 200ms. The position includes longitude, latitude, and altitude, and the attitude includes pitch angle, roll angle, and heading angle.

[0050] b) The GPS positioning module is installed above the UAV and is used to obtain the GPS differential longitude and latitude information of the UAV relative to the ground control station.

[0051] c) The power supply module converts the 28V voltage of the UAV power supply system into 12V voltage output for powering the S-band detection and recording subsystem.

[0052] d) The pan-tilt module is installed below the UAV, and the receiving antenna of the receiving front-end subsystem is installed on it to ensure unobstructed reception of the radar radiation signal by the receiving antenna and keep the attitude of the receiving antenna stable when the UAV vibrates.

[0053] (3)The S-band receiving front-end subsystem includes an S-band receiving antenna, an attenuator, and a filter. It is used to receive the radar radiation signal in space in real time and transmit it to the detection and recording subsystem after filtering.

[0054] a) The S-band receiving antenna uses an omnidirectional antenna with the model HD-0560CVOADC. The azimuth is covered by an omnidirectional beam of 360°, the elevation beam width is greater than 15°, and the polarization mode is vertical polarization, which is the same as the polarization mode of the measured vehicle-mounted S-band radar.

[0055] b) The attenuator determines the attenuation value according to parameters such as the radar radiation power and the distance between the radar and the UAV, and is used to adjust the attenuation characteristic of the receiving link to prevent saturation.

[0056] c) The filter uses a filter with the model RB2800-400-9R5CCSD to filter out interference signals outside the measured frequency band, and the out-of-band rejection ability is greater than 50dB.

[0057] (4)The S-band detection and recording subsystem includes a limiting and detection module, an AD sampling module, an interface module, and a signal processing module. It is used for peak detection and sampling recording of radar radiation signals, and needs to access the synchronization signal and power supply provided by the UAV subsystem.

[0058] a) The limiting and detection module is used for limiting and logarithmic detection of the output signal of the receiving front end, with a limiting power of 10 dBm.

[0059] b) The AD sampling module performs digital sampling on the detected signal, with a sampling power accuracy better than 1 dB.

[0060] c) The interface module receives the GPS signal and the second pulse signal provided by the flight control module of the rotor UAV, and obtains 12V power supply from the UAV power supply module.

[0061] d) The signal processing module uses the FPGA chip of Xilinx Corporation as the core, synchronizes and samples the signal according to the second pulse, and combines the sampled power value and the GPS data into a data frame and stores it every 200 ms.

[0062] (5)The data processing subsystem uses a portable computer and designs a Matlab program to implement data processing functions, including a preprocessing module, a time correction module, and a radiation analysis module. It is used for valid screening and error compensation of the recorded data, and combines the recorded data of the radar equipment itself to give the analysis results of the radar radiation characteristics.

[0063] a) The preprocessing module is used for parsing, valid screening, error compensation, and formatted output of the data of the detection and recording subsystem, the UAV subsystem, and the imported radar data. The data of the detection and recording subsystem includes time, latitude, longitude, altitude, and radiation detection value. The data of the UAV subsystem includes time, latitude, longitude, altitude, and attitude angle. The imported radar data includes time, latitude, longitude, altitude, attitude angle, transmitting beam azimuth angle, and pitch angle, etc.

[0064] b) The time correction module is used for time alignment and correction of the three types of data output by the preprocessing to obtain various test data under a unified time scale. The precise correction of time is achieved by combining the theoretical value and the measured value of the spatio-temporal distribution of the radar radiation power.

[0065] c) The radiation analysis module is used for calculating the three-dimensional distribution of the radiation detection value relative to the measured radar in space, and the change of multiple measurement values at the same or adjacent positions in time. The output includes the motion parameter diagram of the UAV and the radar, the three-dimensional radiation distribution characteristic diagram, the two-dimensional radiation distribution characteristic diagram, the radiation measurement error analysis diagram, etc., so as to complete the spatio-temporal distribution characteristic analysis of the radar radiation on the moving platform.

[0066] (6)The functional block diagram and connection relationship of the S-band vehicle-mounted radar radiation characteristic measurement device are shown in Figure 3 , in the rotor UAV subsystem, the GPS positioning module is installed above the UAV and connected to the flight control module through a signal line. The power supply module is connected to the flight control module through a power line. The flight control module is connected to the pan-tilt through a control line and connected to the interface module of the detection and recording subsystem through a GPS signal line and a second pulse radio frequency line.

[0067] (7)In the receiving front-end subsystem, the S-band omnidirectional antenna is fixedly connected to the UAV pan-tilt, and is connected in series with an attenuator and a filter through a radio frequency line, and is connected to the limiter of the detection and recording subsystem.

[0068] (8)In the detection and recording subsystem, the limiter is connected to the detector and the AD sampling module through a radio frequency line. The FPGA signal processing module, the AD sampling module, and the interface module are located on the same printed circuit board. The detection and recording subsystem is fixed under the rotor UAV.

[0069] (9)In the data processing subsystem, data processing functions such as preprocessing, time correction, and radiation analysis are implemented using Matlab. After the test is completed, the recorded data of the detection and recording subsystem and the data of the radar data recording device are imported through a network cable to complete the analysis of the radiation characteristics of the radar under test.

Claims

1. A moving platform radar radiation characteristic measurement device, characterized in that, it includes: an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) subsystem, a receiving front-end subsystem, a detection and recording subsystem, and a data processing subsystem, wherein: the UAV subsystem is used to provide a synchronization signal and power supply for the receiving front-end subsystem and the detection and recording subsystem, complete flight according to a specified route, and record the flight state; the receiving front-end subsystem is used to receive radar radiation signals in space in real time, and transmit them to the detection and recording subsystem after filtering; the detection and recording subsystem is used to perform peak detection and sampling on the radar radiation signals and record the corresponding data; the data processing subsystem is used to perform validity screening and error compensation on the recorded data, and combine the recorded data of the radar equipment itself to give the analysis result of the radar radiation characteristics.

2. The moving platform radar radiation characteristic measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the UAV subsystem includes: a flight control module, a satellite positioning module, a power supply module, and a pan-tilt module. The flight control module is used to control the UAV to fly according to a set route, has a synchronization signal output interface, and can record the position and attitude of the UAV during flight in real time; the satellite positioning module is used to obtain the differential longitude and latitude information of the UAV relative to the ground control station; the power supply module is used to convert the voltage of the UAV power supply system into a low voltage output for powering the detection and recording subsystem; the pan-tilt module is installed below the UAV, and the receiving front-end subsystem is installed thereon to ensure unobstructed reception of the radar radiation signals by the receiving antenna and keep the attitude of the receiving antenna stable.

3. The moving platform radar radiation characteristic measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the receiving front-end subsystem includes: a receiving antenna, an attenuator, and a filter. The receiving antenna is an omnidirectional antenna or a directional antenna, and its polarization mode is the same as that of the measured radar; the attenuator is used to adjust the attenuation of the receiving link, and the filter is used to filter out interference signals outside the measured frequency band.

4. The moving platform radar radiation characteristic measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the detection and recording subsystem includes: a limiting and detection module, an AD sampling module, an interface module, and a signal processing module. The limiting and detection module is used to perform limiting and logarithmic detection on the output signal of the receiving front-end subsystem; the AD sampling module is used to perform digital sampling on the detected signal, the signal processing module is used to synchronize the sampling signal according to the second pulse, and combine the sampling data with the GPS data into a data frame to complete the recording; the interface module is used to receive the GPS signal and the second pulse signal provided by the UAV flight control module.

5. The moving platform radar radiation characteristic measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data processing subsystem includes: a preprocessing module, a time correction module, and a radiation analysis module. The preprocessing module is used to preprocess the data of the detection and recording subsystem, the data of the unmanned aerial vehicle subsystem, and the imported radar data. The time correction module is used to perform time alignment and correction on the three types of data output by the preprocessing to obtain various test data under a unified time scale. The radiation analysis module is used to calculate the three-dimensional distribution of the radiation detection value relative to the radar under test in space, as well as the change of multiple measurement values at the same or adjacent positions over time, so as to obtain the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of the radar radiation of the moving platform.

6. The moving platform radar radiation characteristic measurement device according to claim 5, characterized in that the preprocessing module parses, performs validity screening, error compensation, and formatted output on the data of the detection and recording subsystem, the data of the unmanned aerial vehicle subsystem, and the imported radar data.

7. The moving platform radar radiation characteristic measurement device according to claim 5, characterized in that the data of the detection and recording subsystem includes time, latitude, longitude, and altitude, the data of the unmanned aerial vehicle subsystem includes time, latitude, longitude, and altitude, and attitude angles, and the imported radar data includes time, latitude, longitude, and altitude, attitude angles, transmitting beam azimuth angle, and pitch angle.

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