Method for transmitting / receiving a signal in a wireless communication system

Abstract

In one embodiment, a method for performing operations for a first terminal in a wireless communication system includes the following steps: determining that a physical layer problem occurs during communication with a base station; switching from resource allocation mode 1 to resource allocation mode 2 based on the physical layer problem; and sending side link data to a second terminal in resource allocation mode 2 by using side link resources, wherein the side link resources are determined as sensing-based resources and / or randomly selected resources in consideration of a sensing validity period and a delay budget of the side link data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for use of a side link resource when a problem occurs in communication between a side link terminal and a base station. Background Art

[0002] Wireless communication systems have been widely deployed to provide various types of communication services such as voice or data. Typically, wireless communication systems are multiple access systems that support communication for multiple users by sharing available system resources (bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of multiple access systems include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and multi-carrier frequency division multiple access (MC-FDMA) systems.

[0003] Wireless communication systems use various radio access technologies (RATs) such as Long Term Evolution (LTE), Advanced LTE (LTE-A), and Wireless Fidelity (WiFi). The fifth generation (5G) is such a wireless communication system. The three key requirement areas of 5G include: (1) enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB); (2) massive machine type communications (mMTC); and (3) ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC). Some use cases may require optimization in multiple dimensions, while others may only focus on one key performance indicator (KPI). 5G supports a variety of use cases in a flexible and reliable manner.

[0004] eMBB goes far beyond basic mobile internet access and encompasses rich interactive work, media and entertainment applications in the cloud or augmented reality (AR). Data is one of the key drivers of 5G, and for the first time in the 5G era, we may not see dedicated voice services. In 5G, voice is expected to be treated as an application simply using the data connectivity provided by the communication system. The main drivers of the increase in traffic are the increase in content size and the number of applications that require high data rates. As more and more devices are connected to the Internet, streaming services (audio and video), interactive video and mobile internet connections will continue to be more widely used. Many of these applications require always-on connectivity to push real-time information and notifications to users. Cloud storage and applications for mobile communication platforms are increasing rapidly. This applies to both work and entertainment. Cloud storage is a special use case that drives the growth of uplink data rates. 5G will also be used for remote work in the cloud, which requires very low end-to-end latency to maintain a good user experience when operated with a tactile interface. Entertainment such as cloud gaming and video streaming is another major driver of the growing demand for mobile broadband capacity. In highly mobile environments including trains, cars and airplanes, entertainment anywhere will be critical for smartphones and tablets. Another use case is augmented reality (AR) for entertainment and information search, which requires very low latency and large amounts of real-time data.

[0005] One of the most anticipated 5G use cases is the ability to actively connect embedded sensors in various fields, i.e. mMTC. It is estimated that there will be 20.4 billion potential IoT devices by 2020. In the Industrial Internet of Things (IoT), 5G is one of the areas that will play a key role in realizing smart cities, asset tracking, smart utilities, agriculture, and secure infrastructure.

[0006] URLLC includes services that leverage ultra-reliable / available, low-latency links to transform industries such as remote control of critical infrastructure and autonomous vehicles. The level of reliability and latency is critical for smart grid control, industrial automation, robotics, drone control and coordination, etc.

[0007] Now, a number of use cases will be described in detail.

[0008] 5G can complement fiber to the home (FTTH) and cable-based broadband (or cable data service interface specification (DOCSIS)) as a means of providing streams at data rates of hundreds of megabits per second to gigabits per second. Such high speeds are needed for TV broadcasts with 4K (6K, 8K and higher) resolution or higher, as well as virtual reality (VR) and AR. VR and AR applications mainly include immersive sports games. Special network configurations may be required for specific applications. For example, for VR games, game companies may have to integrate core servers with network operators' edge network servers to minimize latency.

[0009] The automotive industry is expected to be a very important new driver of 5G, with many use cases in mobile communications for vehicles. For example, providing entertainment to passengers requires mobile broadband with both high capacity and high mobility, as future users will expect to continue to maintain high-quality connections regardless of location and speed. Other use cases in the automotive industry are AR dashboards. These AR dashboards display superimposed information on top of what the driver sees through the front window, identify objects in the dark, and inform the driver about the distance and movement of objects. In the future, wireless modules will enable communication between the vehicles themselves, between the vehicle and the supporting infrastructure, and between the vehicle and other connected devices (e.g., devices carried by pedestrians). Safety systems can guide drivers to take other courses of action to make them drive more safely and reduce the risk of accidents. The next stage will be remotely controlled or autonomous vehicles. These require very reliable and very fast communication between different autonomous vehicles and between vehicles and infrastructure. In the future, autonomous vehicles will perform all driving actions, while drivers will focus on elusive traffic anomalies in the vehicle itself. The technical requirements of autonomous vehicles call for ultra-low latency and ultra-high reliability, improving traffic safety to a level that humans cannot achieve.

[0010] Smart cities and smart homes (often referred to as smart societies) will be embedded with dense wireless sensor networks. Distributed intelligent sensor networks will identify conditions for cost-effective and energy-efficient maintenance of a city or home. A similar setup can be done for each home, with temperature sensors, window and heating controls, burglar alarms, and home appliances all connected wirelessly. Many of these sensors are typically characterized by low data rates, low power consumption, and low cost, but real-time high-definition (HD) video may be required in some types of monitoring installations, for example.

[0011] Energy consumption and distribution, including heat or gas, is becoming highly decentralized, which requires automated control of very decentralized sensor networks. Smart grids interconnect such sensors using digital information and communication technologies to collect and act upon information. This information can include information about the behavior of suppliers and consumers, allowing smart grids to improve the efficiency, reliability, economy, and sustainability of the production and distribution of fuels such as electricity in an automated manner. Smart grids can be seen as another sensor network with low latency.

[0012] The health sector has many applications that can benefit from mobile communications. Communication systems enable telemedicine, which provides healthcare services over long distances. It helps eliminate distance barriers and can improve access to medical services that are often not consistently available in remote rural communities. It can also be used to save lives in critical care and emergency situations. Wireless sensor networks based on mobile communications can provide remote monitoring and sensors for parameters such as heart rate and blood pressure.

[0013] Wireless and mobile communications are becoming increasingly important for industrial applications. Cables are expensive to install and maintain, and the possibility of replacing them with reconfigurable wireless links is an attractive opportunity for many industries. However, to achieve this, wireless connections need to have similar latency, reliability, and capacity as cables, and be easier to manage. Low latency and very low error rates are new requirements that 5G needs to address.

[0014] Finally, logistics and freight tracking are important use cases for mobile communications, which enable tracking of inventory and packages regardless of where they are by using location-based information systems. Logistics and freight tracking use cases typically require lower data rates but require wide coverage and reliable location information.

[0015] A wireless communication system is a multiple-access system that supports communication for multiple users by sharing available system resources (bandwidth, transmit power, etc.) Examples of multiple-access systems include CDMA systems, FDMA systems, TDMA systems, OFDMA systems, SC-FDMA systems, and MC-FDMA systems.

[0016] Sidelink (SL) refers to a communication scheme in which a direct link is established between user equipments (UEs) and the UEs directly exchange voice or data without intervention of a base station (BS). SL is considered a solution to relieve BS constraints on rapidly growing data traffic.

[0017] Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) is a communication technology in which a vehicle exchanges information with another vehicle, pedestrians, and infrastructure through wired / wireless communication. V2X can be classified into four types: vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), vehicle-to-network (V2N), and vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P). V2X communication can be provided via a PC5 interface and / or a Uu interface.

[0018] As more and more communication devices require greater communication capacity, enhanced mobile broadband communication relative to existing RATs is needed. Therefore, communication systems that take into account services or UEs that are sensitive to reliability and latency are being discussed. The next generation RAT in which eMBB, MTC, and URLLC are considered is called new RAT or NR. In NR, V2X communication can also be supported.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating a comparison between V2X communication based on a pre-NR RAT and V2X communication based on NR.

[0020] For V2X communication, the technology of providing safety services based on V2X messages such as Basic Safety Message (BSM), Collaborative Awareness Message (CAM) and Decentralized Environment Notification Message (DENM) is mainly discussed in the RAT before NR. V2X messages may include location information, dynamic information and attribute information. For example, a UE may send a CAM of a periodic message type and / or a DENM of an event-triggered type to another UE.

[0021] For example, the CAM may include basic vehicle information, including dynamic state information such as direction and speed, vehicle static data such as size, external lighting status, path details, etc. For example, the UE may broadcast a CAM that may have a latency of less than 100 ms. For example, when an unexpected event occurs, such as damage or an accident to a vehicle, the UE may generate a DENM and send the DENM to another UE. For example, all vehicles within the transmission range of the UE may receive the CAM and / or the DENM. In this case, the DENM may have a higher priority than the CAM.

[0022] Regarding V2X communication, various V2X scenarios are presented in NR. For example, V2X scenarios include vehicle platooning, advanced driving, extended sensors, and remote driving.

[0023] For example, vehicles can be dynamically grouped and travel together based on vehicle queues. For example, in order to perform queueing operations based on vehicle queues, the vehicles of the group can receive periodic data from the lead vehicle. For example, the vehicles of the group can widen or narrow their gaps based on the periodic data.

[0024] For example, vehicles can be semi-autonomous or fully automated based on advanced driving. For example, each vehicle can adjust trajectory or maneuver based on data obtained from nearby vehicles and / or nearby logical entities. For example, each vehicle can also share driving intent with nearby vehicles.

[0025] Based on the extended sensors, raw or processed data or live video data, for example, obtained by local sensors, can be exchanged between vehicles, logical entities, pedestrian terminals and / or V2X application servers. Thus, the vehicle can perceive a high-level environment relative to the environment perceivable by its sensors.

[0026] Based on remote driving, for example, a remote driver or V2X application can operate or control a remote vehicle on behalf of a person who cannot drive or in a dangerous environment. For example, when the path can be predicted to be in public transportation, cloud-based driving can be used to operate or control the remote vehicle. For example, access to a cloud-based backend service platform can also be used for remote driving.

[0027] Discussions are ongoing in NR-based V2X communications to specify service requirements for various V2X scenarios including vehicle platooning, advanced driving, extended sensors, and remote driving. Summary of the invention

[0028] Technical issues

[0029] A technical object of the embodiment is to determine resources for performing side link communication when a problem occurs in communication between a side link terminal and a base station operating in resource allocation mode 1.

[0030] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the objectives that can be achieved by the present disclosure are not limited to the contents specifically described above, and the above and other objectives that can be achieved by the present disclosure will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description.

[0031] Technical Solution

[0032] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a method for performing operations for a first terminal in a wireless communication system includes: determining that a physical layer problem occurs in communication with a base station; switching from resource allocation mode 1 to resource allocation mode 2 based on the physical layer problem; and sending side link data to a second terminal based on side link resources in resource allocation mode 2, wherein the side link resources are determined as either a sensing-based resource or a randomly selected resource in consideration of a sensing validity period and a delay budget of the side link data.

[0033] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a first terminal in a wireless communication system includes: at least one processor; and at least one computer memory, which is operatively connected to the at least one processor and configured to store commands for allowing the at least one processor to perform operations when executed, wherein the operations include: determining that a physical layer problem occurs in communication with a base station; switching from resource allocation mode 1 to resource allocation mode 2 based on the physical layer problem; and sending side link data to a second terminal based on side link resources in resource allocation mode 2, and wherein the side link resources are determined as either a sensing-based resource or a randomly selected resource in consideration of a sensing validity period and a delay budget of the side link data.

[0034] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a processor is configured to perform operations of a first terminal in a wireless communication system, the operations including: determining that a physical layer problem occurs in communication with a base station; switching from resource allocation mode 1 to resource allocation mode 2 based on the physical layer problem; and sending side link data to a second terminal based on side link resources in resource allocation mode 2, wherein the side link resources are determined as either a sensing-based resource or a randomly selected resource in consideration of a sensing validity period and a delay budget of the side link data.

[0035] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable recording medium having at least one program recorded thereon, the at least one program including commands for executing operations for a first terminal by at least one processor when executed by at least one processor, the operations including: determining that a physical layer problem occurs in communication with a base station; switching from resource allocation mode 1 to resource allocation mode 2 based on the physical layer problem; and sending side link data to a second terminal based on side link resources in resource allocation mode 2, wherein the side link resources are determined as either a sensing-based resource or a randomly selected resource in consideration of a sensing validity period and a delay budget of the side link data.

[0036] The sensing validity period may be any one of a long-term sensing validity period or a short-term sensing validity period.

[0037] When the available time to complete transmission after sensing during the sensing validity period is within the delay budget, the side link resources can be determined as sensing-based resources, and when the available time to complete transmission after sensing during the sensing validity period is after the delay budget, the side link resources can be determined as randomly selected resources.

[0038] The delay budget may be the maximum delay period for effectively sending sidelink data.

[0039] The sensing validity period may be a period for effectively determining sensing-based resources.

[0040] When it is detected that the beam failure is equal to or greater than the threshold, the first terminal can determine that a problem in the physical layer occurs in the communication with the base station.

[0041] When a radio link failure is detected or declared, the first terminal may determine that a problem in a physical layer occurs in communication with the base station.

[0042] The method may further include starting a timer for recovering from a problem in a physical layer, wherein the first terminal may send sidelink data based on the sidelink resource before the timer for recovering from the problem in the physical layer expires.

[0043] The first terminal may be a terminal communicating with at least one of another terminal, a terminal associated with the autonomous vehicle, a base station, or a network.

[0044] Beneficial effects

[0045] According to an embodiment, when a predetermined condition is satisfied, the first terminal may use sensing-based resources and thus may prevent resource conflict.

[0046] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the effects that can be achieved by the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to those described above, and other advantageous effects of the present disclosure will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principle of the disclosure.

[0048] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating a comparison between vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication based on a RAT before new radio access technology (NR) and V2X communication based on NR.

[0049] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating a user plane and a control plane radio protocol architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0051] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating the structure of an NR system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0052] Figure 5is a diagram illustrating the functional division between a next generation radio access network (NG-RAN) and a fifth generation core network (5GC) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0053] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating a structure of an NR radio frame to which an embodiment of the present disclosure can be applied.

[0054] Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating a time slot structure in an NR frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0055] Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating a radio protocol architecture for side link (SL) communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0056] Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating a radio protocol architecture for SL communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0057] Fig.10 is a diagram illustrating user equipment (UE) performing V2X communication or SL communication therebetween according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0058] Fig.11 is a diagram illustrating a resource unit for V2X or SL communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0059] Fig.12 is a diagram illustrating a signal flow of a V2X or SL communication process of a UE according to a transmission mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0060] Fig.13 is a diagram illustrating a physical (PHY) layer process at a transmission side according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0061] Fig.14 is a diagram illustrating a PHY layer process at a receiving side according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0062] Fig.15 is a diagram illustrating a plurality of bandwidth parts (BWPs) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0063] Fig.16 is a diagram illustrating a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0064] Figures 17 to 20 It is a figure for explaining embodiment.

[0065] Figures 21 to 30 It is a diagram for explaining various devices to which the present invention can be applied. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] In various embodiments of the present disclosure, " / " and "," should be interpreted as "and / or". For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B". In addition, "A, B" may mean "A and / or B". In addition, "A / B / C" may mean "at least one of A, B and / or C". In addition, "A, B, C" may mean "at least one of A, B and / or C".

[0067] In various embodiments of the present disclosure, "or" should be interpreted as "and / or". For example, "A or B" may include "only A", "only B" and / or "both A and B". In other words, "or" should be interpreted as "additionally or alternatively".

[0068] The technology described herein can be used for various wireless access systems such as code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), etc. CDMA can be implemented as a radio technology such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented as a radio technology such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) / General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) / Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA can be implemented as a radio technology such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), etc. IEEE 802.16m is an evolution of IEEE802.16e, providing backward compatibility with systems based on IEEE 802.16e. UTRA is part of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) LTE is a part of Evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA). 3GPP LTE adopts OFDMA for downlink (DL) and SC-FDMA for uplink (UL). LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) is an evolution of 3GPP LTE.

[0069] As the successor to LTE-A, the fifth generation (5G) new radio access technology (NR) is a new clean-state mobile communication system characterized by high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can use all available spectrum resources including low frequency bands below 1 GHz, mid-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high (millimeter) frequency bands of 24 GHz or above.

[0070] Although the following description is mainly given in the context of LTE-A or 5G NR for clarity of description, the technical ideas of the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0071] Figure 2 The structure of the LTE system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. This may also be referred to as an Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) or an LTE / LTE-A system.

[0072] Reference Figure 2 , E-UTRAN includes an evolved Node B (eNB) 20, which provides a control plane and a user plane to the UE 10. The UE may be fixed or mobile, and may also be referred to as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station (SS), a mobile terminal (MT), or a wireless device. The eNB 20 is a fixed station that communicates with the UE, and may also be referred to as a base station (BS), a base transceiver system (BTS), or an access point.

[0073] The eNBs 20 may be connected to each other via an X2 interface. The eNBs 20 are connected to an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) 39 via an S1 interface. More specifically, the eNBs 20 are connected to a Mobility Management Entity (MME) via an S1-MME interface, and to a Serving Gateway (S-GW) via an S1-U interface.

[0074] The EPC 30 includes an MME, an S-GW, and a packet data gateway (P-GW). The MME has access information or capability information about the UE, which is mainly used for mobility management of the UE. The S-GW is a gateway having an E-UTRAN as an endpoint, and the P-GW is a gateway having a packet data network (PDN) as an endpoint.

[0075] Based on the lowest three layers of the open system interconnection (OSI) reference model known in communication systems, the radio protocol stack between the UE and the network can be divided into layer 1 (L1), layer 2 (L2), and layer 3 (L3). These layers are defined in pairs between the UE and the evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN) for data transmission via the Uu interface. The physical (PHY) layer at L1 provides information transfer services on physical channels. The radio resource control (RRC) layer at L3 is used to control radio resources between the UE and the network. For this purpose, the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between the UE and the eNB.

[0076] Figure 3 (a) illustrates a user plane radio protocol architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0077] Figure 3(b) illustrates a control plane radio protocol architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The user plane is a protocol stack for user data transmission, and the control plane is a protocol stack for control signal transmission.

[0078] Reference Figure 3 (a) and Figure 3 (b) The PHY layer provides information transfer services to its upper layer on the physical channel. The PHY layer is connected to the medium access control (MAC) layer through a transport channel, and data is transferred between the MAC layer and the PHY layer on the transport channel. The transport channel is divided according to the characteristics of the data transmitted via the radio interface.

[0079] Data is transmitted on a physical channel between different PHY layers (ie, the PHY layers of a transmitter and a receiver). The physical channel may be modulated by Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and use time and frequency as radio resources.

[0080] The MAC layer provides services to the higher layer, Radio Link Control (RLC), on logical channels. The MAC layer provides the function of mapping from multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels. In addition, the MAC layer provides a logical channel multiplexing function by mapping multiple logical channels to a single transport channel. The MAC sublayer provides data transmission services on logical channels.

[0081] The RLC layer performs concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs). In order to guarantee various quality of service (QoS) requirements for each radio bearer (RB), the RLC layer provides three operation modes: transparent mode (TM), unacknowledged mode (UM), and acknowledged mode (AM). AM RLC provides error correction through automatic repeat request (ARQ).

[0082] The RRC layer is defined only in the control plane and controls logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels related to the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of RBs. RBs refer to logical paths for data between UEs and networks provided by L1 (PHY layer) and L2 (MAC layer, RLC layer, and Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer).

[0083] The user plane functions of the PDCP layer include user data transmission, header compression and encryption. The control plane functions of the PDCP layer include control plane data transmission and encryption / integrity protection.

[0084] RB establishment is equivalent to the process of defining radio protocol layers and channel characteristics and configuring specific parameters and operation methods in order to provide specific services. RBs can be classified into two types: signaling radio bearers (SRBs) and data radio bearers (DRBs). SRBs are used as a path for sending RRC messages on the control plane, while DRBs are used as a path for sending user data on the user plane.

[0085] Once an RRC connection is established between the RRC layer of the UE and the RRC layer of the E-UTRAN, the UE is placed in the RRC_CONNECTED state, otherwise, the UE is placed in the RRC_IDLE state. In NR, the RRC_INACTIVE state is additionally defined. A UE in the RRC_INACTIVE state can maintain a connection to the core network while releasing a connection with the eNB.

[0086] The DL transport channels that carry data from the network to the UE include a broadcast channel (BCH) on which system information is sent and a DL shared channel (DL SCH) on which user traffic or control messages are sent. Traffic or control messages for DL ​​multicast or broadcast services may be sent on a DL-SCH or a DL multicast channel (DL MCH). The UL transport channels that carry data from the UE to the network include a random access channel (RACH) on which initial control messages are sent and a UL shared channel (UL SCH) on which user traffic or control messages are sent.

[0087] The above-mentioned logical channels mapped to the transport channels include a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH) and a multicast traffic channel (MTCH).

[0088] A physical channel includes multiple OFDM symbols in the time domain and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. A subframe includes multiple OFDM symbols in the time domain. An RB is a resource allocation unit defined by multiple OFDM symbols and multiple subcarriers. In addition, each subframe may use a specific subcarrier of a specific OFDM symbol (e.g., the first OFDM symbol) in a corresponding subframe for a physical DL control channel (PDCCH) (i.e., L1 / L2 control channel). A transmission time interval (TTI) is a unit time for subframe transmission.

[0089] Figure 4 The structure of the NR system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0090] Reference Figure 4 , the next generation radio access network (NG-RAN) may include next generation Node Bs (gNBs) and / or eNBs, which provide user plane and control plane protocol terminations to the UE. Figure 4In the embodiment, it is shown by way of example that NG-RAN includes only gNB. gNB and eNB are connected to each other via Xn interface. gNB and eNB are connected to 5G core network (5GC) via NG interface. More specifically, gNB and eNB are connected to access and mobility management function (AMF) via NG-C interface and to user plane function (UPF) via NG-U interface.

[0091] Figure 5 The functional division between NG-RAN and 5GC according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0092] Reference Figure 5 , gNB can provide functions including inter-cell radio resource management (RRM), radio admission control, measurement configuration and provision, and dynamic resource allocation. AMF can provide functions such as non-access stratum (NAS) security and idle state mobility processing. UPF can provide functions including mobility anchoring and protocol data unit (PDU) processing. Session management function (SMF) can provide functions including UE Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation and PDU session control.

[0093] Figure 6 The radio frame structure in NR to which the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied is illustrated.

[0094] Reference Figure 6 , a radio frame can be used for UL transmission and DL transmission in NR. A radio frame is 10ms in length and can be defined by two 5-ms half-frames. HF may include five 1-ms subframes. A subframe may be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots in a SF may be determined according to a subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each slot may include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols according to a cyclic prefix (CP).

[0095] In the case of normal CP (NCP), each time slot may include 14 symbols, and in the case of extended CP (ECP), each time slot may include 12 symbols. In this article, the symbol may be an OFDM symbol (or CP-OFDM symbol) or an SC-FDMA symbol (or DFT-s-OFDM symbol).

[0096] The following [Table 1] lists the number of symbols per time slot (N) according to the SCS configuration (μ) in the case of NCP. slot symb ), the number of time slots per frame (N frame,μ slot ) and the number of time slots per subframe (N subframe,μ slot ).

[0097] [Table 1]

[0098]

[0099]

[0100] Table 2 shows the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe according to SCS in the case of ECP.

[0101] [Table 2]

[0102] SCS(15*2^u) <![CDATA[N slot symb ]]> <![CDATA[N frame,μ slot ]]> <![CDATA[N subframe,μ s lot ]]> 60KHz(μ=2) 12 40 4

[0103] In the NR system, different OFDM(A) parameter sets (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) may be configured for multiple cells aggregated for one UE. Therefore, the (absolute time) duration of a time resource (collectively referred to as a time unit (TU) for convenience) comprising the same number of symbols (e.g., subframes, time slots, or TTIs) may be configured to be different for the aggregated cells.

[0104] In NR, various parameter sets or SCS can be supported to support various 5G services. For example, for 15 kHz SCS, a wide range in the traditional cellular band can be supported, while for 30 kHz / 60 kHz SCS, dense urban areas, lower latency and wide carrier bandwidth can be supported. For 60 kHz or higher SCS, bandwidth greater than 24.25 GHz can be supported to overcome phase noise.

[0105] The NR frequency band can be defined by two types of frequency ranges FR1 and FR2. The numerical value in each frequency range can be changed. For example, two types of frequency ranges can be given in [Table 3]. In the NR system, FR1 can be a "lower than 6 GHz range", and FR2 can be a "higher than 6 GHz range" called millimeter wave (mmW).

[0106] [Table 3]

[0107] Frequency range specification Corresponding frequency range Subcarrier Spacing (SCS) FR1 450 MHz–6000 MHz 15, 30, 60 kHz FR2 24250 MHz–52600 MHz 60, 120, 240 kHz

[0108] As described above, the numerical value of the frequency range in the NR system can be changed. For example, as listed in [Table 4], FR1 can be in the range of 410 MHz to 7125 MHz. That is, FR1 can include frequency bands of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, and 5925 MHz) or above. For example, frequency bands of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, and 5925 MHz) or above can include unlicensed frequency bands. Unlicensed frequency bands can be used for various purposes, for example, vehicle communications (e.g., autonomous driving).

[0109] [Table 4]

[0110]

[0111]

[0112] Figure 7 The time slot structure in the NR frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0113] Reference Figure 7 , a time slot includes multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, a time slot may include 14 symbols in the NCP case and 12 symbols in the ECP case. Alternatively, a time slot may include 7 symbols in the NCP case and 6 symbols in the ECP case.

[0114] A carrier includes multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. An RB may be defined by multiple (e.g., 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. A bandwidth part (BWP) may be defined by multiple consecutive (physical) RBs ((P)RBs) in the frequency domain and corresponds to a parameter set (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier may include up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Data communication may be performed in an activated BWP. Each element may be referred to as a resource element (RE) in a resource grid, and a complex symbol may be mapped to the resource element.

[0115] The radio interface between UEs or the radio interface between UE and the network may include L1, L2 and L3. In various embodiments of the present disclosure, L1 may refer to a PHY layer. For example, L2 may refer to at least one of a MAC layer, an RLC layer, a PDCP layer or an SDAP layer. For example, L3 may refer to an RRC layer.

[0116] Now, a description will be given of side link (SL) communication.

[0117] Figure 8 The radio protocol architecture for SL communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Specifically, Figure 8 (a) illustrates a user plane protocol stack in LTE, and Figure 8 (b) illustrates the control plane protocol stack in LTE.

[0118] Fig. 9 The radio protocol architecture for SL communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. Specifically, Fig. 9 (a) illustrates the user plane protocol stack in NR, and Fig. 9 (b) illustrates the control plane protocol stack in NR.

[0119] Fig.10UEs performing V2X communication or SL communication therebetween according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are illustrated.

[0120] Reference Fig.10 , the term "UE" in V2X or SL communication may mainly refer to a user's terminal. However, when a network device such as a BS transmits and receives signals according to a UE-to-UE communication scheme, the BS may also be considered as a type of UE. For example, a first UE (UE1) may be a first device 100, and a second UE (UE2) may be a second device 200.

[0121] For example, UE1 may select a resource unit corresponding to a specific resource in a resource pool as a set of resources. UE1 may then send an SL signal in the resource unit. For example, UE2 as a receiving UE may be configured with a resource pool in which UE1 may send a signal, and detect a signal from UE1 in the resource pool.

[0122] When UE1 is within the coverage of the BS, the BS may indicate the resource pool to UE1. On the contrary, when UE1 is out of the coverage of the BS, another UE may indicate the resource pool to UE1, or UE1 may use a predetermined resource pool.

[0123] Generally, a resource pool may include a plurality of resource units, and each UE may select one or more resource units and transmit a SL signal in the selected resource units.

[0124] Fig.11 A resource unit for V2X or SL communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0125] Reference Fig.11 , the total frequency resources of the resource pool can be divided into NF frequency resources, and the total time resources of the resource pool can be divided into NT time resources. Therefore, a total of NF*NT resource units can be defined in the resource pool. Fig.11 An example is illustrated in which the resource pool is repeated with a period of NT subframes.

[0126] like Fig.11 As shown, a resource unit (e.g., unit #0) may be repeated periodically. Alternatively, in order to achieve a diversity effect in the time domain or frequency domain, the index of the physical resource unit to which a logical resource unit is mapped may vary over time in a predetermined pattern. In the resource unit structure, a resource pool may refer to a collection of resource units that a UE can use to transmit SL signals.

[0127] Resource pools can be divided into several types. For example, each resource pool can be classified as follows based on the content of the SL signal sent in the resource pool.

[0128] (1) Scheduling Assignment (SA) may be a signal including information about the location of resources for transmitting the SL data channel, modulation and coding scheme (MCS) or multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission scheme required for UE transmission data channel demodulation, timing advance (TA), etc. SA may be multiplexed with SL data in the same resource unit. In this case, the SA resource pool may refer to a resource pool in which SA is multiplexed with SL data for transmission. SA may be referred to as an SL control channel.

[0129] (2) The SL data channel (PSSCH) can be a resource pool used for sending user data from a sending UE. When SA and SL data are multiplexed in the same resource unit, only the SL data channel other than the SA information can be sent in the resource pool used for the SL data channel. In other words, the RE used to send SA information in a single resource unit in the SA resource pool can still be used to send SL data in the resource pool of the SL data channel. For example, the sending UE can send the PSSCH by mapping the PSSCH to consecutive PRBs.

[0130] (3) The discovery channel may be a resource pool for a transmitting UE to transmit information such as its ID. The transmitting UE may enable neighboring UEs to discover itself on the discovery channel.

[0131] Even when the SL signal has the same content as described above, different resource pools may be used according to the transmission / reception properties of the SL signal. For example, although the SL data channel or discovery message is the same, different resource pools may be used for the SL signal according to the transmission timing determination scheme of the SL signal (for example, whether the SL signal is transmitted at the reception time of the synchronization reference signal (RS) or at the time obtained by applying the predetermined TA to the reception time), the resource allocation scheme of the SL signal (for example, whether the BS allocates transmission resources of separate signals to separate transmitting UEs or whether a single transmitting UE selects its own single signal transmission resource in the resource pool), the signal format of the SL signal (for example, the number of symbols occupied by each SL signal in one subframe, or the number of subframes used to transmit one SL signal), the strength of the signal from the BS, the transmission power of the SL UE, etc.

[0132] Resource allocation in SL will be described below.

[0133] Fig.12 The process of performing V2X or SL communication according to the transmission mode in the UE according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated. In various embodiments of the present disclosure, the transmission mode may also be referred to as a mode or a resource allocation mode. For ease of description, the transmission mode in LTE may be referred to as the LTE transmission mode, and the transmission mode in NR may be referred to as the NR resource allocation mode.

[0134] For example, Fig.12 (a) illustrates UE operation related to LTE transmission mode 1 or LTE transmission mode 3. Alternatively, for example, Fig.12 (a) illustrates UE operations related to NR resource allocation mode 1. For example, LTE transmission mode 1 can be applied to general SL communication, and LTE transmission mode 3 can be applied to V2X communication.

[0135] For example, Fig.12 (b) illustrates UE operation related to LTE transmission mode 2 or LTE transmission mode 4. Alternatively, for example, Fig.12 (b) illustrates UE operations associated with NR resource allocation mode 2.

[0136] Reference Fig.12 (a), in LTE transmission mode 1, LTE transmission mode 3, or NR resource allocation mode 1, the BS can schedule SL resources for SL transmission of the UE. For example, the BS can perform resource scheduling for UE1 through PDCCH (more specifically, DL control information (DCI)), and UE1 can perform V2X or SL communication with UE2 according to the resource scheduling. For example, UE1 can send side link control information (SCI) to UE2 on PSCCH, and then send data to UE2 based on SCI on PSSCH.

[0137] For example, in NR resource allocation mode 1, resources for one or more SL transmissions of one transport block (TB) can be provided or allocated to the UE through a dynamic grant from the BS. For example, the BS can provide the UE with resources for transmitting PSCCH and / or PSSCH through a dynamic grant. For example, the transmitting UE can report to the BS the SL hybrid automatic repeat request (SL HARQ) feedback received from the receiving UE. In this case, the timing and PUCCH resources for reporting the SL HARQ feedback to the BS can be determined based on the indication in the PDCCH, and the BS allocates resources for SL transmission through it.

[0138] For example, the DCI may indicate a time slot offset between DCI reception and the first SL transmission scheduled by the DCI.For example, the minimum gap between the DCI scheduling SL transmission resources and the resources of the first scheduled SL transmission may not be less than the processing time of the UE.

[0139] For example, in NR resource allocation mode 1, the UE may be periodically provided or allocated a resource set for multiple SL transmissions through a configured grant from the BS. For example, the grant to be configured may include a configured grant type 1 or a configured grant type 2. For example, the UE may determine a TB to be sent in each opportunity indicated by a given configured grant.

[0140] For example, the BS may allocate SL resources to the UE in the same carrier or in different carriers.

[0141] For example, the NR gNB may control LTE-based SL communication. For example, the NR gNB may send NR DCI to the UE to schedule LTE SL resources. In this case, for example, a new RNTI may be defined to scramble the NR DCI. For example, the UE may include an NR SL module and an LTE SL module.

[0142] For example, after a UE including an NR SL module and an LTE SL module receives an NR SL DCI from a gNB, the NR SL module may convert the NR SL DCI to an LTE DCI type 5A and send the LTE DCI type 5A to the LTE SL module every X ms. For example, after the LTE SL module receives the LTE DCI format 5A from the NR SL module, the LTE SL module may activate and / or release the first LTE subframe after Z ms. For example, X may be dynamically indicated by a field of the DCI. For example, the minimum value of X may be different depending on the UE capabilities. For example, the UE may report a single value based on its UE capabilities. For example, X may be a positive number.

[0143] Reference Fig.12 (b), in LTE transmission mode 2, LTE transmission mode 4 or NR resource allocation mode 2, the UE can determine the SL transmission resources from the SL resources pre-configured or configured by the BS / network. For example, the pre-configured or configured SL resources can be a resource pool. For example, the UE can autonomously select or schedule SL transmission resources. For example, the UE can select resources in the configured resource pool by itself, and perform SL communication in the selected resources. For example, the UE can select resources within the selection window by itself through a sensing and resource (re)selection process. For example, sensing can be performed on a sub-channel basis. UE1, which has autonomously selected resources in the resource pool, can send SCI to UE2 on PSCCH, and then send data to UE2 based on SCI on PSSCH.

[0144] For example, a UE may assist another UE in SL resource selection. For example, in NR resource allocation mode 2, a UE may be configured with a grant for SL transmission configuration. For example, in NR resource allocation mode 2, a UE may schedule SL transmission for another UE. For example, in NR resource allocation mode 2, a UE may reserve SL resources for blind retransmission.

[0145] For example, in NR resource allocation mode 2, UE1 may indicate the priority of SL transmission to UE2 via SCI. For example, UE2 may decode SCI and perform sensing and / or resource (re)selection based on priority. For example, the resource (re)selection process may include identifying candidate resources by UE2 in a resource selection window and selecting resources for (re)transmission by UE2 from the identified candidate resources. For example, the resource selection window may be a time interval during which the UE selects resources for SL transmission. For example, after UE2 triggers resource (re)selection, the resource selection window may start at T1≥0 and may be limited to the remaining packet delay budget of UE2. For example, when the SCI received by the second UE from UE1 indicates a specific resource and the L1 SL reference signal received power (RSRP) measurement of the specific resource exceeds the SL RSRP threshold in the step of UE2 identifying the candidate resource in the resource selection window, UE2 may not determine the specific resource as a candidate resource. For example, the SL RSRP threshold may be determined based on the priority of SL transmission indicated by the SCI received by UE2 from UE1 and the priority of SL transmission in the resource selected by UE2.

[0146] For example, the L1 SL RSRP may be measured based on the SL demodulation reference signal (DMRS). For example, one or more PSSCH DMRS patterns may be configured or pre-configured for each resource pool in the time domain. For example, PDSCH DMRS configuration type 1 and / or type 2 may be the same or similar to the PSSCH DMRS pattern in the frequency domain. For example, the exact DMRS pattern may be indicated by the SCI. For example, in NR resource allocation mode 2, the transmitting UE may select a specific DMRS pattern from the DMRS patterns configured or pre-configured for the resource pool.

[0147] For example, in NR resource allocation mode 2, the transmitting UE may perform initial transmission of a TB without reservation based on the sensing and resource (re)selection process. For example, the transmitting UE may reserve SL resources for initial transmission of a second TB using the SCI associated with the first TB based on the sensing and resource (re)selection process.

[0148] For example, in NR resource allocation mode 2, the UE may reserve resources for feedback-based PSSCH retransmissions through signaling associated with a previous transmission of the same TB. For example, the maximum number of SL resources reserved for a transmission including the current transmission may be 2, 3, or 4. For example, the maximum number of SL resources may be the same regardless of whether HARQ feedback is enabled. For example, the maximum number of HARQ (re)transmissions for a TB may be limited by configuration or pre-configuration. For example, the maximum number of HARQ (re)transmissions may be up to 32. For example, if there is no configuration or pre-configuration, the maximum number of HARQ (re)transmissions may be unspecified. For example, the configuration or pre-configuration may be used to send the UE. For example, in NR resource allocation mode 2, HARQ feedback for releasing resources not used by the UE may be supported.

[0149] For example, in NR resource allocation mode 2, the UE may indicate to another UE via SCI one or more subchannels and / or time slots used by the UE. For example, the UE may indicate to another UE via SCI one or more subchannels and / or time slots reserved by the UE for PSSCH (re)transmission. For example, the minimum allocation unit of SL resources may be a time slot. For example, the size of the subchannel may be configured or preconfigured for the UE.

[0150] The SL radio link monitoring (SLM) will be described below.

[0151] For unicast AS-level link management, SL RLM and / or radio link failure (RLF) declarations may be supported. In SL unicast RLC Acknowledged Mode (SL AM), an RLF declaration may be triggered by an indication from the RLC that the maximum number of retransmissions has been reached. The AS-level link status (e.g., failure) may need to be known to higher layers. Unlike the RLM process for unicast, multicast-related RLM design may not be considered. RLM and / or RLF declarations may not be required between group members for multicast.

[0152] For example, the transmitting UE may transmit the RS to the receiving UE, and the receiving UE may perform SL RLM using the RS. For example, the receiving UE may declare SL RLF using the RS. For example, the RS may be referred to as SL RS.

[0153] SL measurement and reporting are described below.

[0154] For the purpose of QoS prediction, initial transmission parameter setting, link adaptation, link management, admission control, etc., SL measurements and reports (e.g., RSRP or RSRQ) between UEs may be considered in SL. For example, a receiving UE may receive RS from a transmitting UE and measure the channel state of the transmitting UE based on the RS. In addition, the receiving UE may report CSI to the transmitting UE. SL-related measurements and reports may include measurements and reports of CBR and reports of location information. Examples of CSI for V2X include channel quality indicator (CQI), precoding matrix index (PMI), rank indicator (RI), RSRP, RSRQ, path gain / path loss, SRS resource indicator (SRI), CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI), interference conditions, vehicle motion, etc. For unicast communication, based on the assumption of four or fewer antenna ports, CQI, RI and PMI or a portion thereof may be supported in non-subband-based non-periodic CSI reports. The CSI process may not rely on an independent RS. CSI reporting may be activated and deactivated based on configuration.

[0155] For example, a transmitting UE may send a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) to a receiving UE, and the receiving UE may use the CSI-RS to measure CQI or RI. For example, the CSI-RS may be referred to as an SL CSI-RS. For example, the CSI-RS may be restricted to PSSCH transmission. For example, the transmitting UE may send the CSI-RS to the receiving UE in a PSSCH resource.

[0156] The PHY layer processing will be described below.

[0157] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a data unit may be subjected to PHY layer processing at a transmitting side before being transmitted over an air interface. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a radio signal carrying a data unit may be subjected to PHY layer processing at a receiving side.

[0158] Fig.13 A PHY layer process at the transmission side according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0159] Table 5 may illustrate a mapping relationship between UL transport channels and physical channels, and Table 6 may illustrate a mapping relationship between UL control channel information and physical channels.

[0160] [Table 5]

[0161] Transmission Channel Physical Channel UL-SCH (UL Shared Channel) PUSCH (Physical UL Shared Channel) RACH (Random Access Channel) PRACH (Physical Random Access Channel)

[0162] [Table 6]

[0163]

[0164] Table 7 may illustrate a mapping relationship between DL transport channels and physical channels, and Table 8 may illustrate a mapping relationship between DL control channel information and physical channels.

[0165] [Table 7]

[0166] Transmission Channel Physical Channel DL-SCH (DL Shared Channel) PDSCH (Physical DL Shared Channel) BCH (Broadcast Channel) PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel) PCH (Paging Channel) PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel)

[0167] [Table 8]

[0168] Control Information Physical Channel DCI (Downlink Control Information) PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel)

[0169] Table 9 may illustrate a mapping relationship between SL transport channels and physical channels, and Table 10 may illustrate a mapping relationship between SL control channel information and physical channels.

[0170] [Table 9]

[0171] Transmission Channel Physical Channel SL-SCH (Sidelink Shared Channel) PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel) SL-BCH (Sidelink Broadcast Channel) PSBCH (Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel)

[0172] [Table 10]

[0173]

[0174]

[0175] Reference Fig.13 , in step S100, the transmitting side may encode the TB. The PHY layer may encode the data and control streams from the MAC layer to provide transmission and control services through the radio transmission link in the PHY layer. For example, the TB from the MAC layer may be encoded as a codeword at the transmitting side. The channel coding scheme may be a combination of error detection, error correction, rate matching, interleaving and control information or a transport channel demapped from a physical channel. Alternatively, the channel coding scheme may be a combination of error detection, error correction, rate matching, interleaving and control information or a transport channel mapped to a physical channel.

[0176] In the NR system, the following channel coding schemes may be used for different types of transport channels and different types of control information. For example, the channel coding schemes for each transport channel type may be listed in Table 11. For example, the channel coding schemes for each control information type may be listed in Table 12.

[0177] [Table 11]

[0178]

[0179] [Table 12]

[0180]

[0181] For example, polarization codes may be applied to PSCCH.For example, LDPC codes may be applied to TBs transmitted on PSSCH.

[0182] For transmission of a TB (e.g., MAC PDU), the transmitting side may attach a CRC sequence to the TB. Thus, the transmitting side may provide error detection for the receiving side. In SL communication, the transmitting side may be a transmitting UE, and the receiving side may be a receiving UE. In the NR system, the communication device may encode / decode UL-SCH and DL-SCH using LDPC codes. The NR system may support two LDPC basis graphs (i.e., two LDPC basis matrices). The two LDPC basis graphs may be LDPC basis graphs optimized for small TBs. Figure 1 and LDPC foundation optimized for large TB Figure 2 The sending side can select the LDPC basis according to the size of TB and the code rate R Figure 1 or LDPC basis Figure 2 . The code rate can be indicated by the MCS index I_MCS. The MCS index can be dynamically provided to the UE through the PDCCH that schedules the PUSCH or PDSCH. Alternatively, the MCS index can be dynamically provided to the UE through the PDCCH or DL ​​semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) of the (re)initialization or activation of the UL configured grant type 2. The MCS index can be provided to the UE through RRC signaling related to the UL configured grant type 1. When the TB with the CRC attached is larger than the maximum code block (CB) size of the selected LDPC basis map, the transmitting side can divide the TB with the CRC attached into multiple CBs. The transmitting side can also attach an additional CRC sequence to each CB. LDPC basis Figure 1 and LDPC Basics Figure 2 The maximum code block size can be 8448 bits and 3480 bits respectively. When the TB with CRC attached is not larger than the maximum CB size of the selected LDPC base graph, the transmitting side can encode the TB with CRC attached to the selected LDPC base graph. The transmitting side can encode each CB of the TB to the selected LDPC base graph. The LDPC CB can be rate matched individually. The CB can be cascaded to generate a codeword for transmission on PDSCH or PUSCH. Up to two codewords (i.e., up to two TBs) can be transmitted simultaneously on the PDSCH. PUSCH can be used for transmission of UL-SCH data and layer 1 and / or layer 2 control information. Although not in Fig.13 As shown in FIG. 1 , layer 1 and / or layer 2 control information may be multiplexed with the codewords used for UL-SCH data.

[0183] In steps S101 and S102, the transmitting side may scramble and modulate the codeword. The bits of the codeword may be scrambled and modulated to generate blocks of complex-valued modulation symbols.

[0184] In step S103, the transmitting side may perform layer mapping. The complex-valued modulation symbols of the codeword may be mapped to one or more MIMO layers. The codeword may be mapped to up to four layers. The PDSCH may carry two codewords, thus supporting up to 8 layers of transmission. The PUSCH may support a single codeword, thus supporting up to 4 layers of transmission.

[0185] In step S104, the transmitting side may perform a precoding transform. The DL transmission waveform may be a general OFDM using CP. For DL, transform precoding (ie, discrete Fourier transform (DFT)) may not be applied.

[0186] The UL transmission waveform can be a conventional OFDM using CP with a transform precoding function that performs DFT expansion that can be disabled or enabled. In the NR system, transform precoding (if enabled) can be selectively applied to the UL. Transform precoding can expand the UL data in a special way to reduce the PAPR of the waveform. Transform precoding can be a type of DFT. That is, the NR system can support two options for the UL waveform. One of the two options can be CP-OFDM (the same as the DL waveform) and the other can be DFT-s-OFDM. Whether the UE should use CP-OFDM or DFT-s-OFDM can be determined by the BS through RRC parameters.

[0187] In step S105, the transmitting side may perform subcarrier mapping. Layers may be mapped to antenna ports. In DL, transparent (non-codebook-based) mapping may be supported for layer-to-antenna port mapping, and how beamforming or MIMO precoding is performed may be transparent to the UE. In UL, both non-codebook-based mapping and codebook-based mapping may be supported for layer-to-antenna port mapping.

[0188] For each antenna port (ie, layer) used to transmit a physical channel (eg, PDSCH, PUSCH, or PSSCH), the transmitting side may map complex-valued modulation symbols to subcarriers in an RB allocated to the physical channel.

[0189] In step S106, the transmitting side may perform OFDM modulation. The communication device on the transmitting side may add a CP and perform an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), thereby generating a time-continuous OFDM baseband signal with respect to antenna port p and subcarrier spacing (SPS) configuration u for OFDM symbol l within the TTI of the physical channel. For example, for each OFDM symbol, the communication device on the transmitting side may perform IFFT on the complex-valued modulation symbol mapped to the RB of the corresponding OFDM symbol. The communication device on the transmitting side may add a CP to the IFFT signal to generate an OFDM baseband signal.

[0190] In step S107, the transmitting side may perform up-conversion. The communication device on the transmitting side may up-convert the OFDM baseband signal for antenna port p, SCS configuration u and OFDM symbol l to the carrier frequency f0 of the cell to which the physical channel is allocated.

[0191] Fig. 22 The processors 102 and 202 may be configured to perform coding, scrambling, modulation, layer mapping, precoding transformation (for UL), subcarrier mapping, and OFDM modulation.

[0192] Fig.14 The PHY layer processing at the receiving side according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0193] The PHY layer processing on the receiving side may be substantially the inverse of the PHY layer processing on the transmitting side.

[0194] In step S110, the receiving side may perform down-conversion. The communication device on the receiving side may receive a radio frequency (RF) signal of a carrier frequency through an antenna. The transceiver 106 or 206 receiving the RF signal of the carrier frequency may down-convert the carrier frequency of the RF signal to a baseband to obtain an OFDM baseband signal.

[0195] In step S111, the receiving side may perform OFDM demodulation. The communication device on the receiving side may obtain complex-valued modulation symbols through CP separation and fast Fourier transform (FFT). For example, for each OFDM symbol, the communication device on the receiving side may remove the CP from the OFDM baseband signal. The communication device on the receiving side may then perform FFT on the CP-free OFDM baseband signal to obtain complex-valued modulation symbols for antenna port p, SCS u, and OFDM symbol l.

[0196] In step S112, the receiving side may perform subcarrier demapping. Subcarrier demapping may be performed on the complex-valued modulation symbols to obtain the complex-valued modulation symbols of the physical channel. For example, the processor of the UE may obtain the complex-valued modulation symbols mapped to the subcarriers of the PDSCH among the complex-valued modulation symbols received in the BWP.

[0197] In step S113, the receiving side may perform transform deprecoding. When transform precoding is enabled for a UL physical channel, transform deprecoding (e.g., inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT)) may be performed on the complex-valued modulation symbols of the UL physical channel. For a DL physical channel and a UL physical channel for which transform precoding is disabled, transform deprecoding may not be performed.

[0198] In step S114, the receiving side may perform layer demapping.The complex-valued modulation symbols may be demapped into one or two codewords.

[0199] In steps S115 and S116, the receiving side may perform demodulation and descrambling.The complex-valued modulation symbols of the codeword may be demodulated and descrambled into bits of the codeword.

[0200] In step S117, the receiving side may perform decoding. The codeword may be decoded into a TB. For UL-SCH and DL-SCH, the LDPC basis may be selected based on the size of the TB and the code rate R. Figure 1 or LDPC basis Figure 2 . A codeword may include one or more CBs. By means of a selected LDPC base graph, each coded block may be decoded into a CB with CRC attached or a TB with CRC attached. When CB segmentation has been performed on a TB with CRC attached at the transmitting side, the CRC sequence may be removed from each CB with CRC attached, thereby obtaining a CB. The CBs may be concatenated into a TB with CRC attached. The TB CRC sequence may be removed from the TB with CRC attached, thereby obtaining a TB. The TB may be delivered to the MAC layer.

[0201] Fig. 22 Each of the processors 102 and 202 may be configured to perform OFDM demodulation, subcarrier demapping, layer demapping, demodulation, descrambling, and decoding.

[0202] In the above-mentioned PHY layer processing on the transmitting / receiving side, time and frequency resources (e.g., OFDM symbols, subcarriers, and carrier frequencies) related to subcarrier mapping, OFDM modulation, and frequency up / down conversion may be determined based on resource allocation (e.g., UL grant or DL ​​assignment).

[0203] The BWP and resource pool will be described below.

[0204] When bandwidth adaptation (BA) is used, the reception bandwidth and transmission bandwidth of the UE do not need to be as large as the bandwidth of the cell and can be adjusted. For example, the network / BS can notify the UE of the bandwidth adjustment. For example, the UE can receive information / configuration for bandwidth adjustment from the network / BS. In this case, the UE can perform bandwidth adjustment based on the received information / configuration. For example, the bandwidth adjustment can include a reduction / increase in bandwidth, a change in the location of the bandwidth, or a change in the SCS of the bandwidth.

[0205] For example, the bandwidth may be reduced during periods of low activity to save power. For example, the location of the bandwidth may be shifted in the frequency domain. For example, the location of the bandwidth may be shifted in the frequency domain to increase scheduling flexibility. For example, the SCS of the bandwidth may be changed. For example, the SCS of the bandwidth may be changed to allow different services. A subset of the total cell bandwidth of a cell may be referred to as a BWP. BA may be implemented by configuring a BWP for the UE and the BS / network indicating to the UE the currently active BWP among the configured BWPs.

[0206] Fig.15 A plurality of BWPs according to embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated.

[0207] Reference Fig.15 , BWP1, BWP2 and BWP3 can be configured, BWP1 has a bandwidth of 40MHz and an SCS of 15kHz, BWP2 has a bandwidth of 10MHz and an SCS of 15kHz, and BWP3 has a bandwidth of 20MHz and an SCS of 60kHz.

[0208] Fig.16 exemplifies a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.16 In the implementation manner of FIG. 5 , it is assumed that there are three BWPs.

[0209] Reference Fig.16 , a common resource block (CRB) may be a carrier RB numbered from one end of the carrier frequency band to the other end of the carrier frequency band. A PRB may be an RB numbered within each BWP. Point A may indicate a common reference point for the resource block grid.

[0210] The BWP may be configured by a point A, an offset NstartBWP from point A, and a bandwidth NsizeBWP. For example, point A may be an external reference point of the PRBs of a carrier, where subcarrier 0 is aligned for all parameter sets (e.g., all parameter sets in a carrier supported by the network). For example, the offset may be the PRB spacing between the lowest subcarrier of a given parameter set and point A. For example, the bandwidth may be the number of PRBs for a given parameter set.

[0211] A BWP may be defined for SL. The same SL BWP may be used for both transmission and reception. For example, a transmitting UE may send a SL channel or SL signal in a specific BWP, and a receiving UE may receive a SL channel or SL signal in a specific BWP. In an authorized carrier, the SL BWP may be defined separately from the Uu BWP and have separate configuration signaling from the Uu BWP. For example, the UE may receive a configuration for the SL BWP from the BS / network. The SL BWP may be (pre-)configured in a carrier for out-of-coverage NR V2X UEs and RRC_IDLEUEs. For a UE in RRC_CONNECTED mode, at least one SLBWP may be activated in a carrier.

[0212] A resource pool may be a set of time-frequency resources that may be used for SL transmission and / or SL reception. From the perspective of the UE, the time domain resources of the resource pool may not be continuous. Multiple resource pools may be (pre-)configured for a UE in one carrier. From the perspective of the PHY layer, the UE may perform unicast, multicast, and broadcast communications using configured or pre-configured resource pools.

[0213] Implementation

[0214] In NR Uu (operation between base station and terminal) communication, beam management operation at mmWave (millimeter wave) frequency is newly introduced. Beam management operation may include beam scheduling, beam selection and beam failure recovery. While UE and eNB communicate with each other through the beam selected between V2X UE and eNB, when a problem occurs in the selected beam (ie, in the case of beam failure), the side link communication between V2X UEs may also be affected. In addition, when a problem occurs in the radio link state between V2X UE and eNB (ie, when Radio Link Failure is declared or detected), the side link communication between V2X UEs may also be affected. In more detail, V2X UE may determine that there is a problem in the radio link state with eNB. V2X UE may monitor the radio link with eNB, and when it is determined that the radio link is in a state in which communication cannot be performed, V2X UE may detect or declare Radio Link Failure (RLF). For example, when OUT OF SYNC commands are received N times consecutively from the physical layer, the UE may detect RLF. The UE may declare RLF when the UE does not receive consecutive IN SYNC commands within a predetermined time (e.g., T310 timer period) or does not receive consecutive OUT OF SYNC commands within a predetermined time after detecting RLF.

[0215] To explain again, when a beam failure or a radio link failure occurs between the eNB and the V2X UE, a problem in the communication between the eNB and the UE may occur. When the V2X UE receives a signal from the eNB and uses the signal in a side link communication with another UE, if a beam failure or a radio link failure occurs between the eNB and the V2X UE, the side link communication may also be adversely affected.

[0216] In the following description, an operation of a UE corresponding to a beam failure or a beam failure recovery operation may be applied to an operation of the UE in any case where a problem occurs in a radio link between an eNB and the UE (e.g., detection or declaration of a radio link failure). That is, the present disclosure is not limited to a case where a beam failure occurs, and may be applied to any case where a problem occurs in a radio link between an eNB and the UE (e.g., detection or declaration of a radio link failure).

[0217] It can be assumed that the V2X UE receives resource allocation from the eNB using a resource allocation mode 1 method (e.g., mode 1 dynamic scheduling) and performs side link communication. When a beam failure occurs in a beam selected by the UE in a Uu link between the UE and the eNB, the UE may perform a beam failure recovery operation. During the beam failure recovery period, a problem may occur in which a mode 1 resource allocation request (i.e., SR / BSR procedure) for side link communication with the eNB cannot be performed normally because the UE cannot perform. In addition, due to a failure of the previous beam being used, a problem may occur in which a side link resource request cannot be performed to the eNB (until the UE selects a new beam through the beam failure recovery procedure).

[0218] In this case, the UE may be switched to the Mode 2 resource usage mode to perform sidelink communication so as to temporarily use the Mode 2 resources (TX exception pool) during the beam failure recovery period. In this case, conventionally, when the UE uses the TX exception pool, resources may be selected from the TX exception pool based on random selection.

[0219] Fig.17 2 is a diagram for explaining the operation of a general UE when a beam failure occurs in a V2X UE currently operating in resource allocation mode 1.

[0220] A V2X transmitting UE currently operating using the resource allocation mode 1 method may perform Uu communication with the eNB through the selected beam. When the transmitting terminal detects a beam failure of the Uu link continuously (greater than the maximum value), the beam failure recovery process may start. The transmitting UE may be switched to resource allocation mode 2 during the beam failure recovery period, and sidelink communication may be performed using the Tx exception pool (mode 2 resources) based on random selection.

[0221] However, when the UE is able to use Mode 2 resources (TX exception pool or TX normal pool), the sensing-based TX normal pool may be used instead of the random selection-based TX exception pool.

[0222] This is because since the UE randomly selects resources, the sensing result is not applied to the TX exception pool based on random selection. Therefore, there is a possibility that the UE cannot fully use the idle resources. Therefore, in terms of performing sidelink communication, it may be more advantageous to use the sensing-based Mode 2 resource selection method rather than the random selection-based Mode 1 resource selection method.

[0223] Accordingly, as described below, the present disclosure proposes a method of using a sensing-based resource selection method during the use of mode 2 resources within a beam failure recovery period when a V2X transmitting UE detects a beam failure of the Uu link and uses mode 1 resources. In addition, the following proposals can also be applied to cases where a V2X transmitting UE operating in resource allocation mode 1 detects or declares a radio link failure with an eNB and cases where a V2X transmitting UE switches to resource allocation mode 2 and uses resources based on the resources.

[0224] In the following description, the TX exception pool will be described as resource based on random selection, sidelink resource based on random selection, mode 2 resource based on random selection, etc. The TX normal pool will be described as resource based on sensing, sidelink resource based on sensing, mode 2 resource based on sensing, etc.

[0225] The following proposals can be applied independently or can be applied simultaneously in one embodiment.

[0226] Proposal 1: Sensing operation based on long-term sensing or short-term sensing

[0227] It can be proposed that when a V2X transmitting UE detects a beam failure of the Uu link and is unable to use mode 1 resources during the beam failure recovery period and needs to perform a sensing operation to use "sensing-based mode 2 resources", it operates by applying different validity determination references for sensing results according to the sensing type (long-term sensing or short-term sensing). The validity determination reference can be a reference time for the transmitting UE to determine that the resource is valid only when the sensing is performed within a predefined time.

[0228] For example, in the case of a mode 2 resource selection method based on long-term sensing, a validity determination reference can be defined to determine that the corresponding sensing result is valid only when the transmitting UE performs sensing for a period of at least time "M" or more. In the case of a mode 2 resource selection method based on short-term sensing, the validity determination reference can be defined to determine that the corresponding sensing result is valid only when the transmitting UE performs sensing for a period of at least time "N" or more. In this case, the validity determination reference can be defined in such a way that time N is less than M (N < M). That is, the validity determination reference can be defined so that even if the sensing time applied to short-term sensing is shorter than the sensing time applied to long-term sensing, the sensing result is determined to be valid. That is, depending on long-term sensing and short-term sensing, the validity determination reference for the sensing result can be defined differently.

[0229] For example, long-term sensing or short-term sensing may be applied according to the type of UE. In more detail, the type of UE that is sensitive to power consumption may be set to perform short-term sensing, and the type of UE that is not sensitive to power consumption may be set to perform long-term sensing. Therefore, different sensing types for selecting resources of resource allocation mode 2 may be set according to the power sensitivity of the UE, and the power and resources of the UE may be used efficiently.

[0230] According to another embodiment, long-term sensing or short-term sensing can be classified and applied according to the delay requirement or packet delay budget (PDB) of the side link packet or side link data sent by the UE. In more detail, when sending a packet with a short delay requirement or PDB, the UE can perform short-term sensing. In addition, when sending a packet with a long delay requirement or PDB, the UE can perform long-term sensing. Therefore, the UE can set different sensing types for selecting resources of resource allocation mode 2 according to the characteristics of the side link packet sent by the UE, and therefore, sensing suitable for the delay requirement or PDB of the side link packet sent by the UE can be performed.

[0231] Proposal 2: Sensing operation considering the delay budget of sidelink packets

[0232] The UE needs to perform sensing during a predefined sensing validity reference time (a long-term sensing validity period or a short-term sensing validity period). In this case, the sensing validity reference time can be a reference for the sending UE to determine that the sensing result is valid to use the "Mode 2TX normal pool resources". At the same time, the UE can determine whether the corresponding sensing operation is fully performed within the delay budget of the side link packet from the sending UE, and can perform the sensing operation only when possible. In addition, the UE can determine whether the side link packet is fully sent within the delay budget using the sensing-based resource pool after completing the sensing, and can perform the sensing operation only when possible. Here, the delay budget refers to the upper limit of the allowable delay time of the corresponding side link data. That is, the UE needs to receive the side link data from the high layer and send the received side link data to another UE within the delay budget. In addition, each side link data may require a different delay budget.

[0233] In other words, the transmitting UE can determine whether the sensing is completed within the delay budget of the sidelink data or whether the sidelink data is completely transmitted after the sensing, and the TX normal pool can be used based on the sensing only when possible. On the contrary, when this is not possible, the TX exception pool based on random selection can be used. Therefore, according to the present proposal, the transmitting UE can be prevented from performing unnecessary sensing operations, and when the sensing operation is possible, the sensing-based resources can be used to prevent resource conflicts.

[0234] In the following Proposals 3 and 4, detailed implementations of Proposals 1 and 2 will be described. Hereinafter, Proposals 1 and 2 may be applied to propose a reference for determining whether a UE uses a "Mode 2 TX Exception Pool" or a "Mode 2 TX Normal Pool" during Uu beam failure recovery or radio link failure.

[0235] Proposal 3. Implementation in which the transmitting UE uses the Mode 2 TX normal pool based on sensing

[0236] This proposal can be applied to a situation where the V2X transmitting UE detects a beam failure of the Uu link and cannot use mode 1 resources during beam failure recovery and therefore needs to use mode 2 resources. In addition, this proposal can be applied to a situation where a radio link failure between the transmitting UE and the eNB is detected or declared. For example, when the transmitting UE performs sensing during the reference period for determining the effectiveness of long-term sensing or short-term sensing according to the aforementioned proposal 1 and fully performs sensing within the delay budget of the side link data, the transmitting UE can use the "sensing-based mode 2 resources" during beam failure recovery instead of the "mode 2 TX exception pool" based on random selection. In addition, when it is determined that the side link packet can be fully transmitted within the delay budget using the sensing-based resource pool after the sensing is completed, the transmitting UE can use the sensing-based TX normal pool to send the side link packet.

[0237] Fig.18 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment in which a transmitting UE uses a sensing-based Mode 2 TX normal pool.

[0238] Reference Fig.18 , when the transmitting UE continuously (greater than the maximum value) detects the beam failure of the Uu link and starts the beam failure recovery process, the transmitting UE can use the "sensing-based TX normal pool (mode 2 resources)" to perform side link communication during the beam failure recovery. When the Uu beam failure recovery process starts, the transmitting UE can perform sensing at the time of the "sensing validity determination reference of the TX normal pool" proposed in the present disclosure, and when the sensing is completed within the delay budget of the side link data, the transmitting UE can use the "mode 2 TX normal pool" (based on sensing selection and use of the TX normal pool) to perform side link communication during the beam failure recovery process. In addition, the current situation may be a situation where the transmitting UE is set to use short-term sensing.

[0239] In more detail, in step S1801, the transmitting UE may operate in resource allocation mode 1 to receive allocation of sidelink resources from the eNB and perform sidelink communication.

[0240] In step S1802, the transmitting UE may communicate with the eNB through the selected beam and may detect a beam failure. When the transmitting UE detects a beam failure equal to or greater than a threshold, a beam failure recovery process may be started. According to another embodiment, the transmitting UE may determine the state of a radio link with the eNB and may detect or declare a radio link failure. When the UE detects a radio link failure equal to or greater than a threshold or declares a radio link failure, the UE may start a radio link failure recovery process.

[0241] In step S1803, when receiving side link data from a high layer, the UE may perform sensing during the sensing validity reference time within the delay budget of the received side link data, and may determine whether side link communication can be performed. That is, the UE may determine whether the sensing-based TX normal pool can be used within the delay budget of the side link data. For example, the UE may compare the delay budget end time with the data transmission completion time using the sensing-based TX normal pool, and may determine whether to use the sensing-based TX normal pool or the TX exception pool based on random selection. When the UE performs sensing during the sensing validity reference time within the delay budget of the side link data and determines that side link communication is possible, the UE may perform sensing during the sensing validity reference time and may perform side link communication using the TX normal pool based on the sensing result.

[0242] Proposal 4. Implementation in which the transmitting UE uses a Mode 2 TX exception pool based on random selection

[0243] The present proposal may be applied to a situation where a V2X transmitting UE detects a beam failure of a Uu link and cannot use mode 1 resources during beam failure recovery and therefore needs to use mode 2 resources. In addition, the present proposal may be applied to a situation where a radio link failure between the transmitting UE and the eNB is detected or declared. For example, when the transmitting UE performs sensing during a reference period for determining the validity of long-term sensing or short-term sensing according to the aforementioned proposal 1 and does not fully perform sensing within the delay budget of the side link data, the transmitting UE may use a "mode 2 TX exception pool" based on random selection during beam failure recovery. In addition, when it is determined that the side link packet cannot be fully transmitted within the delay budget using a sensing-based resource pool after sensing is completed, the transmitting UE may use a "mode 2 TX exception pool" based on random selection to transmit the side link packet.

[0244] Fig.19 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment in which a transmitting UE uses a Mode 2 TX exception pool based on random selection.

[0245] Reference Fig.19, when the transmitting UE continuously (greater than the maximum value) detects the beam failure of the Uu link and starts the beam failure recovery process, the transmitting UE can use the "sensing-based TX exception pool (mode 2 resources)" to perform side link communication during the beam failure recovery. When the Uu beam failure recovery process starts, the transmitting UE can determine whether the sensing-based TX normal pool can be used within the delay budget of the side link data. When it is determined that the sensing-based TX normal pool cannot be used, the transmitting UE can use the mode 2 TX exception pool based on random selection. For example, when the transmitting UE cannot perform resource sensing through the time of the above-mentioned "sensing validity determination reference of the TX normal pool" (for example, when the transmitting UE cannot perform sensing through the validity reference time (because when sensing is performed through the validity reference time, the delay budget is exceeded)), the transmitting UE can use the "mode 2 TX exception pool" during the beam failure recovery process. That is, the transmitting UE can randomly select resources from the TX exception pool and can perform side link communication.

[0246] In more detail, in step S1901, the transmitting UE may operate in resource allocation mode 1 to receive allocation of sidelink resources from the eNB and perform sidelink communication.

[0247] In step S1902, the transmitting UE may communicate with the eNB through the selected beam and may detect a beam failure. When the transmitting UE detects a beam failure equal to or greater than a threshold, a beam failure recovery process may be started. According to another embodiment, the transmitting UE may determine the state of a radio link with the eNB and may detect or declare a radio link failure. When the UE detects a radio link failure equal to or greater than a threshold or declares a radio link failure, the UE may start a radio link failure recovery process.

[0248] In step S1903, when receiving sidelink data from a higher layer, the UE may perform sensing during the sensing validity reference time within the delay budget of the received sidelink data, and may determine whether sidelink communication can be performed. That is, the UE may determine whether the sensing-based TX normal pool can be used within the delay budget of the sidelink data. For example, the UE may compare the delay budget end time with the data transmission completion time using the sensing-based TX normal pool, and may determine whether to use the sensing-based TX normal pool or the randomly selected TX exception pool. When the UE performs sensing during the sensing validity reference time within the delay budget of the sidelink data and determines that sidelink communication is not possible, the UE may use the TX exception pool to perform sidelink communication. Although Fig.19A case in which the first UE performs sensing during a predetermined period and then uses resources using the TX exception pool is illustrated, but side link data may be transmitted using the TX exception pool without performing sensing during the predetermined period.

[0249] Fig. 20 It is a flowchart for explaining the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0250] Reference Fig. 20 , in step S2001, the first UE may operate in resource allocation mode 1 to receive allocation of sidelink resources from the eNB and perform sidelink communication with the second UE.

[0251] In step S2002, the first UE may determine that a problem with the physical layer occurs in the communication with the eNB. For example, when a beam failure is detected equal to or greater than a threshold, it may be determined that a problem with the physical layer occurs. According to another embodiment, when a radio link failure with the eNB is detected or declared, it may be determined that a problem with the physical layer occurs.

[0252] In step S2003, the first UE may switch from resource allocation mode 1 to resource allocation mode 2. A problem in the physical layer in communication with the eNB occurs, so the first UE may not smoothly receive allocation of side link resources based on resource allocation mode 1 from the eNB. Therefore, the first UE may switch to resource allocation mode 2 using side link resources via direct sensing or selection using a resource pool allocated from the eNB. Generally, the first UE may switch to resource allocation mode 2 and may use only resources based on random selection.

[0253] In step S2004, the first UE may determine whether to use sensing-based resources or select randomly selected resources in consideration of a sensing validity period and a delay budget of the sidelink packet.

[0254] In more detail, the first UE may receive side link data from a high layer, and for the received side link data, a delay budget may be set, which is the maximum delay time for effectively sending data. Information about the delay budget may be sent in a high layer together with the side link data. The first UE may determine whether to use sensing-based resources to transmit the received side link data within the delay budget. When it is determined to use sensing-based resources, the first UE may use sensing-based resources to send side link data (step S2005). When it is determined that sensing-based resources cannot be used, the first UT may use randomly selected resources to send side link data (step S2006).

[0255] In more detail, when the available transmission time after sensing during the sensing validity period is within the delay budget, the first UE can use the sensing-based resources to send side link data. When the available transmission time after sensing during the sensing validity period is after the delay budget, the first UE can use the randomly selected resources to send side link data. In this case, the sensing validity period can be any one of the short-term sensing validity period or the long-term sensing validity period. The short-term sensing validity period can be shorter than the long-term sensing validity period. When the short-term sensing validity period is set to the first UE, the first UE can use the corresponding resources in the side link transmission, even if the corresponding resources are valid during a shorter period than the case in which the long-term sensing validity period is set. When the power sensitivity of the first UE is high, the short-term sensing validity period can be set to reduce power consumption. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the power and resource selection of the UE can be effectively performed.

[0256] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when a V2X transmitting UE continuously (maximum value) senses a beam failure or a radio link failure in a Uu link with an eNB and performs a beam failure recovery process or a radio link failure recovery process of the Uu link, an embodiment can be applied. As long as the conditions proposed in the present disclosure are met when the transmitting UE performs side link communication, a "Mode 2 TX normal pool" can be used instead of using a "Mode 2 TX exception pool". Therefore, due to the use of a TX exception pool based on random selection, a situation in which a UE selects a resource that is not idle (in this case, a resource conflict occurs because another transmitting UE also randomly selects the same resource) can be prevented. That is, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first UE can check that the resource is idle based on sensing and can select the resource, and thus resource conflicts that may occur based on random selection can be avoided.

[0257] Examples of communication systems suitable for the present disclosure

[0258] The various descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts of the present disclosure described in this document may be applied to, but not limited to, various fields requiring wireless communication / connection (e.g., 5G) between devices.

[0259] In the following, a more detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following drawings / descriptions, unless otherwise described, the same reference numerals may refer to the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks or functional blocks.

[0260] Fig.21 A communication system 1 applied to the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0261] Reference Fig.21, the communication system 1 applied to the present disclosure includes a wireless device, a BS, and a network. Here, the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a RAT (e.g., 5G NR or LTE) and may be referred to as a communication / radio / 5G device. The wireless device may include, but is not limited to, a robot 100a, a vehicle 100b-1 and 100b-2, an extended reality (XR) device 100c, a handheld device 100d, a home appliance 100e, an Internet of Things (IoT) device 100f, and an artificial intelligence (AI) device / server 400. For example, a vehicle may include a vehicle with a wireless communication function, an autonomous driving vehicle, and a vehicle capable of performing communication between vehicles. In this article, a vehicle may include an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). The XR device may include an augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) device, and may be implemented in the form of a head-mounted device (HMD), a head-up display (HUD) installed in a vehicle, a television, a smart phone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance device, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, and the like. Handheld devices may include smart phones, smart tablets, wearable devices (e.g., smart watches or smart glasses), and computers (e.g., notebooks). Home appliances may include TVs, refrigerators, and washing machines. IoT devices may include sensors and smart meters. For example, a BS and a network may be implemented as wireless devices, and a specific wireless device 200a may operate as a BS / network node relative to other wireless devices.

[0262] The wireless devices 100a to 100f may be connected to the network 300 via the BS 200. AI technology may be applied to the wireless devices 100a to 100f, and the wireless devices 100a to 100f may be connected to the AI ​​server 400 via the network 300. The network 300 may be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. Although the wireless devices 100a to 100f may communicate with each other via the BS 200 / network 300, the wireless devices 100a to 100f may perform direct communication (e.g., side link communication) with each other without passing through the BS / network. For example, the vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 may perform direct communication (e.g., V2V / V2X communication). An IoT device (e.g., a sensor) may perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g., a sensor) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.

[0263] Wireless communication / connection 150a, 150b or 150c can be established between wireless devices 100a to 100f / BS200 or BS200 / BS200. In this article, wireless communication / connection can be established through various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as UL / DL communication 150a, side link communication 150b (or D2D communication) or inter-BS communication (e.g., relay, integrated access backhaul (IAB)). The wireless device and the BS / wireless device can send / receive radio signals to each other through wireless communication / connection 150a and 150b. For example, wireless communication / connection 150a and 150b can send / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, various configuration information configuration processes for sending / receiving radio signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel coding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and resource mapping / demapping) and at least a part of the resource allocation process can be performed based on various proposals of the present disclosure.

[0264] Examples of wireless devices suitable for the present disclosure

[0265] Fig. 22 A wireless device suitable for use with the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0266] Reference Fig. 22 , the first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200 may transmit radio signals through various RATs (e.g., LTE and NR). In this document, {the first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200} may correspond to Fig.21 {wireless device 100x and BS200} and / or {wireless device 100x and wireless device 100x} in.

[0267] The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and additionally include one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas 108. The processor 102 may control the memory 104 and / or the transceiver 106, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operation flow charts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor 102 may process the information in the memory 104 to generate first information / signals, and then transmit a radio signal including the first information / signals through the transceiver 106. The processor 102 may receive a radio signal including second information / signals through the transceiver 106, and then store information obtained by processing the second information / signals in the memory 104. The memory 104 may be connected to the processor 102, and may store various information related to the operation of the processor 102. For example, the memory 104 may store software codes including commands for executing part or all of the processes controlled by the processor 102 or for executing the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operational flow charts disclosed in this document. In this document, the processor 102 and the memory 104 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver 106 may be connected to the processor 102 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via one or more antennas 108. Each of the transceivers 106 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver 106 may be used interchangeably with a radio frequency (RF) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0268] The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204, and additionally include one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processor 202 may control the memory 204 and / or the transceiver 206, and may be configured to implement the description, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor 202 may process the information in the memory 204 to generate third information / signals, and then send a radio signal including the third information / signals through the transceiver 206. The processor 202 may receive a radio signal including fourth information / signals through the transceiver 106, and then store information obtained by processing the fourth information / signals in the memory 204. The memory 204 may be connected to the processor 202 and may store various information related to the operation of the processor 202. For example, the memory 204 may store software codes including commands for executing part or all of the processes controlled by the processor 202 or for executing the description, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. In this document, the processor 202 and the memory 204 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver 206 may be connected to the processor 202 and transmit and / or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 208. Each of the transceivers 206 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver 206 may be used interchangeably with a radio frequency (RF) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0269] In the following, the hardware elements of the wireless devices 100 and 200 will be described in more detail. One or more protocol layers may be implemented by (but not limited to) one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more protocol data units (PDUs) and / or one or more service data units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operating procedures disclosed in this document. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operating procedures disclosed in this document. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) including a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the description, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document, and provide the generated signal to one or more transceivers 106 and 206. According to the description, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document, one or more processors 102 and 202 may receive a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) from one or more transceivers 106 and 206, and obtain the PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information.

[0270] One or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. One or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. As an example, one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202. Firmware or software may be used to implement the description, function, process, proposal, method, and / or operation flow disclosed in this document, and the firmware or software may be configured to include modules, processes, or functions. Firmware or software configured to perform the description, function, process, proposal, method, and / or operation flow disclosed in this document may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202 or stored in one or more memories 104 and 204 so as to be driven by one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operational flows disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, commands and / or command sets.

[0271] One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions and / or commands. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be composed of read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard drive, register, cache memory, computer-readable storage medium and / or a combination thereof. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be located inside and / or outside of one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 by various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0272] One or more transceivers 106 and 206 can send user data, control information and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the method and / or operation flow of this document to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 can receive user data, control information and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the description, function, process, proposal, method and / or operation flow disclosed in this document from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202, and send and receive radio signals. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 can perform control so that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can send user data, control information or radio signals to one or more other devices. One or more processors 102 and 202 can perform control so that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can receive user data, control information or radio signals from one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more antennas 108 and 208, and one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be configured to send and receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the description, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation flows disclosed in this document through one or more antennas 108 and 208. In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert received radio signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals into baseband signals so as to process received user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. processed using one or more processors 102 and 202 from baseband signals into RF band signals. To this end, one or more of the transceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0273] Examples of signal processing circuits suitable for the present disclosure

[0274] Fig.23 A signal processing circuit for a transmission signal is illustrated.

[0275] Reference Fig.23 The signal processing circuit (1000) may include a scrambler (1010), a modulator (1020), a layer mapper (1030), a precoder (1040), a resource mapper (1050), and a signal generator (1060). Fig.23 Operation / function, not limited to Fig. 22The processor (102, 202) and / or transceiver (106, 206) of Fig. 22 The processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) are implemented Fig.23 For example, you can Fig. 22 The processor (102, 202) implements blocks 1010 to 1060. Alternatively, Fig. 22 The processor (102, 202) implements blocks 1010 to 1050 and can be implemented by Fig. 22 The transceiver (106, 206) is used to implement box 1060.

[0276] Can be through Fig.23 The signal processing circuit (1000) converts the codeword into a radio signal. Herein, the codeword is a coded bit sequence of an information block. The information block may include a transport block (e.g., UL-SCH transport block, DL-SCH transport block). The radio signal may be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., PUSCH and PDSCH).

[0277] Specifically, the codeword can be converted into a scrambled bit sequence by the scrambler 1010. The scrambling sequence for scrambling can be generated based on an initial value, and the initial value can include the ID information of the wireless device. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by the modulator 1020. The modulation scheme may include pi / 2-binary phase shift keying (pi / 2-BPSK), m-phase shift keying (m-PSK) and m-quadrature amplitude modulation (m-QAM). The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by the layer mapper 1030. The modulation symbol of each transmission layer can be mapped (precoded) to the corresponding antenna port by the precoder 1040. The output z of the precoder 1040 can be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper 1030 with the N*M precoding matrix W. Here, N is the number of antenna ports and M is the number of transmission layers. The precoder 1040 can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT) for the complex modulation symbol. Alternatively, the precoder 1040 may perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0278] The resource mapper 1050 may map the modulation symbols of each antenna port to time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resources may include multiple symbols in the time domain (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols and DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. The signal generator 1060 may generate a radio signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated radio signal may be sent to other devices through each antenna. For this purpose, the signal generator 1060 may include an IFFT module, a CP inserter, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and an up-converter.

[0279] Can be used with Fig.23 The signal processing process for a signal received in the wireless device is configured in a manner opposite to the signal processing process (1010 to 1060) of the wireless device. Fig. 22 100 and 200) can receive a radio signal from the outside through an antenna port / transceiver. The received radio signal can be converted into a baseband signal by a signal restorer. For this purpose, the signal restorer may include a frequency DL converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and an FFT module. Next, the baseband signal can be restored to a codeword through a resource demapping process, a post-coding process, a demodulation processor, and a descrambling process. The codeword can be restored to the original information block by decoding. Therefore, a signal processing circuit (not illustrated) for receiving a signal may include a signal restorer, a resource demapper, a post-encoder, a demodulator, a descrambler, and a decoder.

[0280] Examples of applications suitable for wireless devices of the present disclosure

[0281] Fig.24 Another example of a wireless device applied to the present disclosure is illustrated. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms according to use cases / services (see Fig.21 ).

[0282] Reference Fig.24 , the wireless devices 100 and 200 may correspond to Fig. 22 The wireless devices 100 and 200 may be configured by various elements, components, units / parts and / or modules. For example, each of the wireless devices 100 and 200 may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130 and an additional component 140. The communication unit may include a communication circuit 112 and a transceiver 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 may include Fig. 22 The one or more processors 102 and 202 and / or the one or more memories 104 and 204 of the present invention. For example, the transceiver 114 may include Fig. 22The control unit 120 is electrically connected to the communication unit 110, the memory unit 130, and the additional components 140, and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit 120 can control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on the program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit 130. The control unit 120 can send the information stored in the memory unit 130 to the outside (e.g., other communication devices) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface, or store the information received from the outside (e.g., other communication devices) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit 130.

[0283] The additional component 140 may be configured in various ways depending on the type of the wireless device. For example, the additional component 140 may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output (I / O) unit, a drive unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device may be implemented in the following forms without limitation: a robot ( Fig.21 100a), vehicles ( Fig.21 100b-1 and 100b-2), XR devices ( Fig.21 100c), handheld device ( Fig.21 100d), household appliances ( Fig.21 100e), IoT devices ( Fig.21 100f), digital broadcast terminal, hologram device, public safety device, MTC device, medical device, fintech device (or financial device), security device, climate / environmental device, AI server / device ( Fig.21 400), BS( Fig.21 200), network nodes, etc. Depending on the use case / service, the wireless device can be used in a mobile or fixed place.

[0284] exist Fig.24In the wireless devices 100 and 200, various elements, components, units / parts and / or modules in the wireless devices 100 and 200 may all be connected to each other through a wired interface, or at least part of them may be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110. For example, in each of the wireless devices 100 and 200, the control unit 120 and the communication unit 110 may be connected by wire, and the control unit 120 and the first unit (e.g., 130 and 140) may be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110. Each element, component, unit / part and / or module within the wireless devices 100 and 200 may also include one or more elements. For example, the control unit 120 may be constructed by a set of one or more processors. As an example, the control unit 120 may be constructed by a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing unit, and a memory control processor. As another example, the memory unit 130 may be configured by a RAM, a DRAM, a ROM, a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and / or a combination thereof.

[0285] Hereinafter, the following will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig.24 implementation method.

[0286] Examples of Handheld Devices Suitable for the Present Disclosure

[0287] Fig.25 Handheld devices applied to the present disclosure are illustrated. The handheld device may include a smart phone, a smart tablet, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch or smart glasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a notebook). The handheld device may be referred to as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a mobile subscriber station (MSS), a subscriber station (SS), an advanced mobile station (AMS), or a wireless terminal (WT).

[0288] Reference Fig.25 , the handheld device 100 may include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, a power supply unit 140a, an interface unit 140b, and an I / O unit 140c. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as a part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c correspond to Fig.24 Blocks 110 to 130 / 140.

[0289] The communication unit 110 may send and receive signals (e.g., data and control signals) to and from other wireless devices or BSs. The control unit 120 may perform various operations supported by controlling the constituent elements of the handheld device 100. The control unit 120 may include an application processor (AP). The memory unit 130 may store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required to drive the handheld device 100. The memory unit 130 may store input / output data / information. The power supply unit 140a may supply power to the handheld device 100 and include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The interface unit 140b may support the connection of the handheld device 100 with other external devices. The interface unit 140b may include various ports (e.g., audio I / O ports and video I / O ports) for connecting to external devices. The I / O unit 140c may input or output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data and / or information input by a user. The I / O unit 140c may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit 140d, a speaker and / or a tactile module.

[0290] As an example, in the case of data communication, the I / O unit 140c can acquire information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, or video) input by the user, and the acquired information / signals can be stored in the memory unit 130. The communication unit 110 can transform the information / signals stored in the memory into radio signals, and directly transmit the transformed radio signals to other wireless devices or to the BS. The communication unit 110 can receive radio signals from other wireless devices or BSs, and then restore the received radio signals to the original information / signals. The restored information / signals can be stored in the memory unit 130, and can be output as various types (e.g., text, voice, image, video, or tactile type) through the I / O unit 140c.

[0291] Examples of vehicles or autonomous vehicles suitable for the present disclosure

[0292] Fig.26 The vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle applied to the present disclosure is illustrated. The vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle can be implemented as a mobile robot, a car, a train, a manned / unmanned aerial vehicle (AV), a ship, etc.

[0293] Reference Fig.26 , the vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle 100 may include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a drive unit 140a, a power supply unit 140b, a sensor unit 140c, and an autonomous driving unit 140d. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as a part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110 / 130 / 140a to 140d correspond to Fig.24Block 110 / 130 / 140.

[0294] The communication unit 110 can send and receive signals (e.g., data and control signals) with external devices such as other vehicles, BSs (e.g., gNBs and roadside units), and servers. The control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling elements of the vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle 100. The control unit 120 may include an ECU. The drive unit 140a may enable the vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle 100 to travel on the road. The drive unit 140a may include an engine, a motor, a powertrain, wheels, brakes, a steering device, etc. The power supply unit 140b may supply power to the vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle 100 and include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The sensor unit 140c may obtain vehicle status, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. The sensor unit 140c may include an inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, a slope sensor, a weight sensor, a heading sensor, a position module, a vehicle forward / backward sensor, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an illumination sensor, a pedal position sensor, etc. The autonomous driving unit 140d may implement a technology for maintaining a lane on which the vehicle is traveling, a technology for automatically adjusting a speed such as an adaptive cruise control, a technology for autonomous driving along a determined path, a technology for traveling by automatically setting a path when a destination is set, and the like.

[0295] For example, the communication unit 110 may receive map data, business information data, etc. from an external server. The autonomous driving unit 140d may generate an autonomous driving path and a driving plan from the obtained data. The control unit 120 may control the drive unit 140a so that the vehicle or the autonomous driving vehicle 100 may move along the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan (e.g., speed / direction control). In the middle of autonomous driving, the communication unit 110 may aperiodically / periodically obtain the most recent traffic information data from an external server, and may obtain surrounding traffic information data from adjacent vehicles. In the middle of autonomous driving, the sensor unit 140c may obtain vehicle status and / or surrounding environment information. The autonomous driving unit 140d may update the autonomous driving path and driving plan based on the newly obtained data / information. The communication unit 110 may transmit information about the vehicle position, autonomous driving path, and / or driving plan to an external server. The external server may predict traffic information data based on information collected from the vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle, using AI technology, etc., and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicle or autonomous driving vehicle.

[0296] Examples of Vehicles and AR / VR Applicable to the Disclosure

[0297] Fig. 27 The vehicle applied to the present disclosure is exemplified. The vehicle may be implemented as a transportation device, an aircraft, a ship, and the like.

[0298] Reference Fig. 27 , the vehicle 100 may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, an I / O unit 140a, and a positioning unit 140b. Here, blocks 110 to 130 / 140a and 140b correspond to Fig.24 Blocks 110 to 130 / 140.

[0299] The communication unit 110 may send and receive signals (e.g., data and control signals) to and from external devices such as other vehicles or BSs. The control unit 120 may perform various operations by controlling the constituent elements of the vehicle 100. The memory unit 130 may store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands for supporting various functions of the vehicle 100. The I / O unit 140a may output AR / VR objects based on the information in the memory unit 130. The I / O unit 140a may include a HUD. The positioning unit 140b may acquire information about the location of the vehicle 100. The location information may include information about the absolute position of the vehicle 100, information about the position of the vehicle 100 within the driving lane, acceleration information, and information about the position of the vehicle 100 from adjacent vehicles. The positioning unit 140b may include a GPS and various sensors.

[0300] As an example, the communication unit 110 of the vehicle 100 may receive map information and traffic information from an external server and store the received information in the memory unit 130. The positioning unit 140b may obtain vehicle position information through GPS and various sensors and store the obtained information in the memory unit 130. The control unit 120 may generate a virtual object based on the map information, traffic information, and vehicle position information, and the I / O unit 140a may display the generated virtual object in a window (1410 and 1420) in the vehicle. The control unit 120 may determine whether the vehicle 100 is driving normally in the driving lane based on the vehicle position information. If the vehicle 100 exits abnormally from the driving lane, the control unit 120 may display a warning on the window of the vehicle through the I / O unit 140a. In addition, the control unit 120 may broadcast a warning message about driving abnormality to adjacent vehicles through the communication unit 110. Depending on the situation, the control unit 120 may send vehicle position information and information about driving / vehicle abnormality to relevant agencies.

[0301] Examples of XR Devices Suitable for the Present Disclosure

[0302] Fig.28The XR device applied to the present disclosure is illustrated. The XR device can be implemented by an HMD, a HUD installed in a vehicle, a TV, a smart phone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc.

[0303] Reference Fig.28 , the XR device 100a may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, an I / O unit 140a, a sensor unit 140b, and a power supply unit 140c. In this document, blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c correspond to Fig.24 Blocks 110 to 130 / 140.

[0304] The communication unit 110 may send / receive signals (e.g., media data and control signals) to / from external devices such as other wireless devices, handheld devices, or media servers. The media data may include video, images, and sound. The control unit 120 may perform various operations by controlling the constituent elements of the XR device 100a. For example, the control unit 120 may be configured to control and / or perform processes such as video / image acquisition, (video / image) encoding, and metadata generation and processing. The memory unit 130 may store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required to drive the XR device 100a / generate an XR object. The I / O unit 140a may obtain control information and data from the outside and output the generated XR object. The I / O unit 140a may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit, a speaker, and / or a tactile module. The sensor unit 140b may obtain the XR device status, surrounding environment information, user information, and the like. The sensor unit 140b may include a proximity sensor, an illumination sensor, an acceleration sensor, a magnetic sensor, a gyro sensor, an inertial sensor, an RGB sensor, an IR sensor, a fingerprint recognition sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a light sensor, a microphone, and / or a radar. The power supply unit 140c may supply power to the XR device 100a and include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, and the like.

[0305] For example, the memory unit 130 of the XR device 100a may include information (e.g., data) required to generate an XR object (e.g., an AR / VR / MR object). The I / O unit 140a may receive a command for manipulating the XR device 100a from a user, and the control unit 120 may drive the XR device 100a according to the user's drive command. For example, when a user desires to watch a movie or news through the XR device 100a, the control unit 120 sends content request information to another device (e.g., a handheld device 100b) or a media server through the communication unit 110. The communication unit 110 may download / stream content such as a movie or news from another device (e.g., a handheld device 100b) or a media server to the memory unit 130. The control unit 120 may control and / or perform processes such as video / image acquisition, (video / image) encoding, and metadata generation / processing regarding content, and generate / output an XR object based on information about the surrounding space or real objects obtained through the I / O unit 140a / sensor unit 140b.

[0306] The XR device 100a may be wirelessly connected to the handheld device 100b through the communication unit 110, and the operation of the XR device 100a may be controlled by the handheld device 100b. For example, the handheld device 100b may operate as a controller of the XR device 100a. To this end, the XR device 100a may obtain information about the 3D position of the handheld device 100b, and generate and output an XR object corresponding to the handheld device 100b.

[0307] Examples of robots suitable for the present disclosure

[0308] Fig.29 The robot applied to the present disclosure is exemplified. According to the purpose or field of use, the robot can be classified into an industrial robot, a medical robot, a household robot, a military robot, etc.

[0309] Reference Fig.29 , the robot 100 may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, an I / O unit 140a, a sensor unit 140b, and a drive unit 140c. In this document, blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c correspond to Fig.24 Blocks 110 to 130 / 140.

[0310] The communication unit 110 may send / receive signals (e.g., drive information and control signals) to / from external devices such as other wireless devices, other robots, or control servers. The control unit 120 may perform various operations by controlling the constituent elements of the robot 100. The memory unit 130 may store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands for supporting various functions of the robot 100. The I / O unit 140a may obtain information from the outside of the robot 100 and output information to the outside of the robot 100. The I / O unit 140a may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit, a speaker, and / or a tactile module. The sensor unit 140b may obtain internal information, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. of the robot 100. The sensor unit 140b may include a proximity sensor, an illumination sensor, an acceleration sensor, a magnetic sensor, a gyroscope sensor, an inertial sensor, an IR sensor, a fingerprint recognition sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a light sensor, a microphone, a radar, etc. The drive unit 140c may perform various physical operations, such as movement of robot joints. In addition, the driving unit 140c may enable the robot 100 to travel or fly on a road. The driving unit 140c may include an actuator, a motor, a wheel, a brake, a propeller, and the like.

[0311] Examples of AI devices suitable for the present disclosure

[0312] Fig.30 The AI ​​device applied to the present disclosure is illustrated. The AI ​​device can be implemented by a fixed device or a mobile device such as a TV, a projector, a smart phone, a PC, a notebook, a digital broadcast terminal, a tablet PC, a wearable device, a set-top box (STB), a radio device, a washing machine, a refrigerator, a digital signage, a robot, a vehicle, etc.

[0313] Reference Fig.30 , the AI ​​device 100 may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, an I / O unit 140a / 140b, a learning processor unit 140c, and a sensor unit 140d. Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140d correspond to Fig.24 Blocks 110 to 130 / 140.

[0314] The communication unit 110 can use wired / wireless communication technology to send wired / radio signals (e.g., sensor information, user input, learning model, or control signal) to other AI devices (e.g., Fig.21 100x, 200, or 400) or AI servers (e.g. Fig.21 400) and from external devices such as other AI devices (e.g., Fig.21 100x, 200, or 400) or AI servers (e.g. Fig.21 400) or the like. To this end, the communication unit 110 may transmit information in the memory unit 130 to the external device, and transmit a signal received from the external device to the memory unit 130.

[0315] The control unit 120 may determine at least one feasible operation of the AI ​​device 100 based on information determined or generated using a data algorithm or a machine learning algorithm. The control unit 120 may perform an operation determined by controlling the constituent elements of the AI ​​device 100. For example, the control unit 120 may request, search, receive, or use data of the learning processor unit 140c or the memory unit 130, and control the constituent elements of the AI ​​device 100 to perform an operation determined to be preferred or predicted among at least one feasible operation. The control unit 120 may collect historical information including the operation content of the AI ​​device 100 and the operation feedback of the user, and store the collected information in the memory unit 130 or the learning processor unit 140c, or send the collected information to a server such as an AI server ( Fig.21 The collected historical information can be used to update the learning model.

[0316] The memory unit 130 may store data for supporting various functions of the AI ​​device 100. For example, the memory unit 130 may store data obtained from the input unit 140a, data obtained from the communication unit 110, output data of the learning processor unit 140c, and data obtained from the sensor unit 140d. The memory unit 130 may store control information and / or software codes required to operate / drive the control unit 120.

[0317] The input unit 140a may acquire various types of data from outside the AI ​​device 100. For example, the input unit 140a may acquire learning data for model learning, and input data to be applied to the learning model. The input unit 140a may include a camera, a microphone, and / or a user input unit. The output unit 140b may generate output related to visual, auditory, or tactile perception. The output unit 140b may include a display unit, a speaker, and / or a tactile module. The sensor unit 140d may use various sensors to obtain at least one of the internal information of the AI ​​device 100, the surrounding environment information of the AI ​​device 100, and the user information. The sensor unit 140d may include a proximity sensor, an illumination sensor, an acceleration sensor, a magnetic sensor, a gyro sensor, an inertial sensor, an RGB sensor, an IR sensor, a fingerprint recognition sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a light sensor, a microphone, and / or a radar.

[0318] The learning processor unit 140c can use the learning data to learn a model composed of an artificial neural network. The learning processor unit 140c can communicate with the AI ​​server ( Fig.21 The learning processor unit 140c may perform AI processing together with the learning processor unit 400 of FIG. 400. The learning processor unit 140c may process information received from an external device through the communication unit 110 and / or information stored in the memory unit 130. In addition, the output value of the learning processor unit 140c may be sent to an external device through the communication unit 110 and may be stored in the memory unit 130.

[0319] Industrial Applicability

[0320] The above-mentioned embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable to various mobile communication systems.

Claims

1. A method for performing an operation on a first terminal in a wireless communication system, the method comprising the following steps: switching from resource allocation mode 1 to resource allocation mode 2 based on a declaration of a radio link failure or a detection of a beam failure to the base station, The resource allocation mode 1 is a mode in which the base station determines the transmission resources for the second terminal, and the resource allocation mode 2 is a mode in which the first terminal determines the transmission resources for the second terminal; and sending data to the second terminal on the resources selected in the resource pool for the resource allocation mode 2, wherein, based on the first time period being equal to or greater than the second time period, the resource is selected by a sensing process for determining that the resource is occupied by the second terminal, wherein, based on the first time period being smaller than the second time period, the resource is randomly selected, and The first time period is a maximum limited time period for sending the data, and the second time period is an estimated time period required for sending the data after the sensing process.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: starting a timer for recovering from the beam failure or the radio link failure, The data is sent while the timer is running.

3. A first terminal in a wireless communication system, the first terminal comprising: at least one processor; as well as at least one computer memory operatively connected to the at least one processor and configured to store commands that, when executed, enable the at least one processor to perform operations, The operations include: switching from resource allocation mode 1 to resource allocation mode 2 based on a declaration of a radio link failure or a detection of a beam failure to the base station, The resource allocation mode 1 is a mode in which the base station determines the transmission resources for the second terminal, and the resource allocation mode 2 is a mode in which the first terminal determines the transmission resources for the second terminal; and sending data to the second terminal on the resources selected in the resource pool for the resource allocation mode 2, wherein, based on the first time period being equal to or greater than the second time period, the resource is selected by a sensing process for determining that the resource is occupied by the second terminal, wherein, based on the first time period being smaller than the second time period, the resource is randomly selected, and The first time period is a maximum limited time period for sending the data, and the second time period is an estimated time period required for sending the data after the sensing process.

4. The first terminal according to claim 3, wherein: The first terminal is a terminal that communicates with at least one of another terminal, a terminal associated with an autonomous vehicle, a base station, or a network.

5. A hardware processor configured to perform operations of a first terminal in a wireless communication system, the hardware processor comprising one or more application specific integrated circuits, one or more digital signal processors, one or more digital signal processing devices, one or more programmable logic devices, or one or more field programmable gate arrays, the operations comprising: switching from resource allocation mode 1 to resource allocation mode 2 based on a declaration of a radio link failure or a detection of a beam failure to the base station, The resource allocation mode 1 is a mode in which the base station determines the transmission resources for the second terminal, and the resource allocation mode 2 is a mode in which the first terminal determines the transmission resources for the second terminal; and sending data to the second terminal on the resources selected in the resource pool for the resource allocation mode 2, wherein, based on the first time period being equal to or greater than the second time period, the resource is selected by a sensing process for determining that the resource is occupied by the second terminal, wherein, based on the first time period being smaller than the second time period, the resource is randomly selected, and The first time period is a maximum limited time period for sending the data, and the second time period is an estimated time period required for sending the data after the sensing process.

6. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium having at least one program recorded thereon, the at least one program including commands for executing, when executed by at least one processor, an operation for a first terminal by the at least one processor, the operation comprising: switching from resource allocation mode 1 to resource allocation mode 2 based on a declaration of a radio link failure or a detection of a beam failure to the base station, The resource allocation mode 1 is a mode in which the base station determines the transmission resources for the second terminal, and the resource allocation mode 2 is a mode in which the first terminal determines the transmission resources for the second terminal; and sending data to the second terminal on the resources selected in the resource pool for the resource allocation mode 2, wherein, based on the first time period being equal to or greater than the second time period, the resource is selected by a sensing process for determining that the resource is occupied by the second terminal, wherein, based on the first time period being smaller than the second time period, the resource is randomly selected, and The first time period is a maximum limited time period for sending the data, and the second time period is an estimated time period required for sending the data after the sensing process.

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