Analysis Method, System, Device and Storage Medium for Determining Energy Storage Power Station Capacity and Layout

Abstract

The present invention provides an analysis method, system, device and storage medium for determining the capacity and layout of an energy storage power station. The method includes the following steps: First, divide several regions according to the actual or planned grid structure, set the transmission capacity of the inter-region connection channels, then draw up a series of capacity and layout schemes for the energy storage power station, calculate the annual cost and comprehensive benefits of the energy storage power station through production simulation, and finally determine the capacity and layout scheme of the energy storage power station according to the maximum net benefit. This analysis method can provide a reference for the planning and layout of energy storage power stations, and also has certain reference significance for improving the utilization efficiency of transmission channels and saving the investment cost of the power grid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the fields of power system planning and new energy power generation, and particularly relates to an analysis method, system, device and storage medium for determining the capacity and layout of an energy storage power station. Background Art

[0002] Due to the intermittency and volatility of renewable energy power generation, as well as the continuous increase in the penetration rate of new energy installed capacity, severe challenges have been posed to the safe and stable operation and dispatching of the existing power system, and the new energy curtailment rate will further increase. Large-scale energy storage technology, as the key to solving the grid connection and utilization of renewable energy, is also an effective way to improve the economic efficiency and safety of power grid operation. It will change the mode in which electric energy production, transmission and use are completed synchronously, make up for the missing "storage and release" function in the existing power system, and achieve the purposes of optimizing power resource allocation, improving power quality, and promoting the utilization of renewable energy. Essentially, new energy curtailment is mainly caused by insufficient system peak shaving capacity or insufficient channel capacity. Energy storage power stations can be used as peak shaving power sources to improve the system's acceptance capacity. At the same time, considering the constraints of the transmission channel, different installation positions of energy storage result in different benefits of reducing curtailment. Generally, installing energy storage at new energy bases with more curtailment due to transmission channel capacity constraints has the best effect. Therefore, in a high-proportion new energy system, it is necessary to reasonably plan the capacity and layout of energy storage power stations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an analysis method, system, device and storage medium for determining the capacity and layout of an energy storage power station. This analysis method can provide a reference for the planning and layout of energy storage power stations, and also has certain reference significance for improving the utilization efficiency of transmission channels and saving the investment cost of the power grid.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] An analysis method for determining the capacity and layout of an energy storage power station, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Dividing several regions according to the actual or planned grid structure, and setting the transmission capacity of the inter-region connection channels;

[0007] Formulating a series of capacity and layout schemes for the energy storage power station, calculating the annual cost and comprehensive benefits of the energy storage power station through production simulation; and then calculating the net benefit of the energy storage power station;

[0008] Determining the capacity and layout scheme of the energy storage power station according to the maximum net benefit.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, during the production simulation, the comprehensive system power generation coal consumption and reliability penalty are considered, and the lowest system operation cost is used as the objective function, that is:

[0010]

[0011] Where: C it (P i,t , U i,t ) is the cost corresponding to the coal consumption of unit i at time t, Q it,off (U i,t-1 , U i,t ) are the costs for starting and shutting down unit i respectively; λ 1 、λ 2 are the penalties for load loss and loss of reserve respectively; E bt is the load loss power of node b at time t; R bt is the loss of reserve capacity of node b at time t.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the annual cost C ESS of the energy storage power station includes the annual value C In such as investment and the operation and maintenance cost C OM , that is:

[0013] C ESS =C In +C OM

[0014] Among them, the annual value such as investment is calculated according to the life cycle cost, that is:

[0015] C In =C(r, n)[C P P ESS +C E E ESS

[0016] Where: P ESS 、E ESS are the power and capacity of the energy storage respectively; C P 、C E are the unit investments of the power and capacity of the energy storage respectively, and C(r, n) is the annual value coefficient.

[0017] Among them, the operation and maintenance cost refers to the funds dynamically invested to ensure the normal operation of the energy storage system during its life cycle, that is:

[0018] C OM =μC In

[0019] Where: μ is the operation and maintenance cost coefficient of the energy storage power station.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, the comprehensive benefit E Ess of the energy storage power station includes the energy saving benefit E ecc 、the thermal power installed capacity replacement benefit E rpp ​, the benefit of the alternative transmission channel E tsl and the environmental protection benefit E ep , that is:

[0021] E Ess = E ecc + E rpp + E tsl + E ep .

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, the energy saving benefit is the reduction of the thermal power coal consumption of the system after the energy storage power station is added, that is:

[0023] E ecc = κ(F f - F f-ess )

[0024] In the formula, E ecc is the energy saving benefit in the regional power grid, that is, the coal consumption cost saved by the system before and after the addition of energy storage, F f and F f-ess are the annual coal consumption of the regional power grid before and after the addition of energy storage respectively; κ is the unit price of standard coal;

[0025] The thermal power installed capacity substitution benefit is the part of the thermal power installed capacity that the energy storage power station can substitute, including the equivalent annual value of the investment corresponding to the substituted thermal power installed capacity and the annual operation and maintenance cost, that is:

[0026] E rpp = C in,g + C om,g

[0027] In the formula, E rpp is the capacity substitution benefit of the energy storage in the regional power grid, C in,g and C om,g are the equivalent annual value of the investment corresponding to the substituted thermal power installed capacity by the energy storage and the annual operation and maintenance cost respectively.

[0028] As a further improvement of the present invention, the benefit of the alternative transmission channel includes the equivalent annual value of the investment corresponding to the alternative transmission channel and the annual operation and maintenance cost, that is:

[0029] E tsl = C in,l + C om,l

[0030] C in,l = CRF(r, Y l )K l (P l - P l-ess )

[0031] C om,l = ηK l (Pl -P l-ess )

[0032]

[0033] Wherein, E tsl is the benefit of the alternative transmission channel in the regional power grid, C in,l and C om,l are respectively the equivalent annual value of investment and the annual operation and maintenance cost corresponding to the alternative transmission channel, CRF(r, Y l ) is the equivalent annual value factor, P l and P l-ess are respectively the transmission channel capacities required by the system before and after the addition of energy storage under the condition that the new energy consumption index of the system remains unchanged; K l is the unit investment of the transmission channel, η is the operation and maintenance rate of the transmission channel; r is the benchmark discount rate, Y l is the economic service life of the transmission channel.

[0034] As a further improvement of the present invention, the environmental protection benefit is the energy conservation and emission reduction benefit brought by the energy storage power station participating in the system peak regulation to reduce the thermal power generation, that is:

[0035] E ep =(K CO2 ×e CO2 +K SO2 ×e SO2 +K NOX ×e NOX )×ΔQ G

[0036] Wherein: K CO2 , K SO2 , K NOX are respectively the costs generated for treating the emissions of unit CO 2 , SO 2 , NO X , yuan / kg; e CO2 , e SO2 , e NOX are respectively the emissions of CO 2 , SO 2 , NO X generated by the thermal power unit per unit of power generation, kg / kWh; ΔQ G is the reduction in thermal power generation of the system before and after the addition of energy storage.

[0037] As a further improvement of the present invention, the net benefit F ESS of the energy storage power station is equal to the difference between the comprehensive benefit E ESS and the annual cost C ESS . The capacity and layout scheme of the energy storage power station are determined according to the maximum net benefit, that is:

[0038] maxF ESS = max(E ESS - C ESS ).

[0039] An analysis system for determining the capacity and layout of an energy storage power station, comprising:

[0040] A division module, configured to divide several regions according to the actual or planned grid structure and set the transmission capacity of the connection channels between regions;

[0041] A formulation and calculation module, configured to formulate a series of capacity and layout schemes for the energy storage power station, calculate the annual cost and comprehensive benefits of the energy storage power station through production simulation; and further calculate the net benefits of the energy storage power station;

[0042] An output module, configured to determine the capacity and layout scheme of the energy storage power station according to the maximum net benefits.

[0043] An electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the analysis method for determining the capacity and layout of the energy storage power station are implemented.

[0044] A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the analysis method for determining the capacity and layout of the energy storage power station are implemented.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0046] The analysis method for determining the capacity and layout of the energy storage power station proposed by the present invention comprehensively considers the peak shaving demand of the system and the limitation of the transmission channel capacity, sorts out the comprehensive benefits of the energy storage power station from the perspective of the whole society, combines the life cycle cost, and determines the optimal capacity and reasonable layout of the energy storage power station with the maximum net benefits after the energy storage is added to the system. This method can comprehensively evaluate the benefits brought by the energy storage power station after being added to the system, provide a reference for the planning and layout of the energy storage power station, and also has certain reference significance for improving the utilization efficiency of the transmission channel and saving the grid investment cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 is a calculation flow chart;

[0048] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the system partition of the numerical example;

[0049] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the net benefit curve of the energy storage power station in the numerical example system;

[0050] Figure 4Schematic diagram of the analysis system for determining the capacity and layout of an energy storage power station;

[0051] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device. Detailed implementation mode

[0052] An analysis method for determining the capacity and layout of an energy storage power station according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: Divide several regions {Z 1 、Z 2 、...、Z n} according to the actual or planned grid structure, and set the transmission capacity of the connection channels between regions;

[0054] Step 2: Draw up a series of capacity and layout schemes of the energy storage power station {S 1 、S 2 、...、S m};

[0055] Step 3: For each capacity and layout scheme of the energy storage power station, conduct production simulation respectively. When conducting production simulation, comprehensively consider the coal consumption of system power generation and reliability penalty, and take the minimum system operation cost as the objective function, that is:

[0056]

[0057] In the formula: C it (P i,t ,U i,t ) is the cost corresponding to the coal consumption of unit i at time t, Q it,off (U i,t-1 ,U i,t ) are the costs of starting and shutting down unit i respectively; λ 1 、λ 2 are the penalties for loss of load and loss of reserve respectively; E bt is the amount of load loss at node b at time t; R bt is the loss of reserve capacity at node b at time t.

[0058] Step 4: Calculate the comprehensive benefit E Ess of the energy storage power station. The comprehensive benefit E Ess of the energy storage power station configured for peak shaving refers to, from the perspective of the whole society, mainly reflected in four aspects: energy saving benefit (electricity benefit E ecc ), thermal power installed capacity substitution benefit (capacity benefit E rpp ), alternative transmission channel benefit (channel benefit E tsl ) and environmental protection benefit (environmental protection benefit E ep ), that is:

[0059] E Ess = E ecc + E rpp + E tsl + E ep

[0060] (1) The electricity quantity benefit is the reduction in the thermal power coal consumption of the system after the energy storage power station is added, that is:

[0061] E ecc = κ(F f - F f-ess )

[0062] In the formula, E ecc is the energy conservation benefit in the regional power grid, that is, the coal consumption cost saved by the system before and after the addition of energy storage. F f and F f-ess are the annual coal consumption of the regional power grid before and after the addition of energy storage respectively; κ is the unit price of standard coal.

[0063] (2) The capacity benefit is the part of the thermal power installed capacity that the energy storage power station can replace, including the equivalent annual value of the investment corresponding to the replaced thermal power installed capacity and the annual operation and maintenance cost, that is:

[0064] E rpp = C in,g + C om,g

[0065] In the formula, E rpp is the capacity replacement benefit of the energy storage in the regional power grid. C in,g and C om,g are the equivalent annual value of the investment corresponding to the replaced thermal power installed capacity and the annual operation and maintenance cost respectively.

[0066] (3) The channel benefit is the transmission channel that the energy storage power station can replace, including the equivalent annual value of the investment corresponding to the replaced transmission channel and the annual operation and maintenance cost, that is:

[0067] E tsl = C in,l + C om,l

[0068] C in,l = CRF(r, Y l )K l (P l - P l-ess )

[0069] C om,l = ηK l (P l - P l-ess )

[0070]

[0071] Wherein, E tsl is the benefit of the alternative transmission channel in the regional power grid, C in,l and C om,l are respectively the equivalent annual value of the investment and the annual operation and maintenance cost corresponding to the alternative transmission channel, CRF(r, Y l ) is the equivalent annual value factor, P l and P l-ess are respectively the transmission channel capacities required by the system before and after the addition of energy storage under the condition that the new energy consumption index of the system remains unchanged; K l is the unit investment of the transmission channel, η is the operation and maintenance rate of the transmission channel; r is the benchmark discount rate, Y l is the economic service life of the transmission channel.

[0072] (4) The environmental protection benefit is the energy conservation and emission reduction benefit such as CO 2 , SO 2 , NO X brought about by the reduction of thermal power generation by the energy storage power station participating in the system peak regulation, that is:

[0073]

[0074] Wherein: are respectively the costs generated for treating the unit emissions of CO 2 , SO 2 , NO X , yuan / kg; are respectively the emissions of CO 2 , SO 2 , NO X per unit power generation of the thermal power unit, kg / kWh; ΔQ G is the reduction of thermal power generation in the system before and after the addition of energy storage.

[0075] Step Five: Calculate the annual cost C ESS of the energy storage power station, including the equivalent annual value of investment C In and the operation and maintenance cost C OM , that is:

[0076] C ESS = C In + C OM

[0077] (1) The equivalent annual value of investment is measured according to the life cycle cost, that is:

[0078] C In = C(r, n)[C P P ESS + C E E ESS

[0079] Wherein: P ESS ​, E ESS are the power and capacity of energy storage, respectively; C P , C E are the unit investments of the power and capacity of energy storage, respectively, and C(r,n) is the equal annual value coefficient.

[0080] (2) The operation and maintenance cost refers to the funds dynamically invested to ensure the normal operation of the energy storage system during its service life. For simplicity, the operation and maintenance cost is generally approximately estimated as a certain percentage of the initial investment, that is:

[0081] C OM = μC In

[0082] In the formula: μ is the operation and maintenance cost coefficient of the energy storage power station.

[0083] Step 6. Calculate the net benefit F ESS of the energy storage power station, which is equal to the difference between the comprehensive benefit E ESS and the annual cost C ESS . Determine the capacity and layout scheme of the energy storage power station according to the maximum net benefit, that is:

[0084] maxF ESS = max(E ESS - C ESS )

[0085] Before the initial analysis, it also includes the step of inputting system parameters, specifically the power source structure and regulation characteristics, load demand and load characteristics, new energy output characteristics, etc.

[0086] The analysis method for determining the capacity and layout of the energy storage power station proposed by the present invention comprehensively considers the peak shaving demand of the system and the limitation of the transmission channel capacity, sorts out the comprehensive benefits of the energy storage power station from the perspective of the whole society, combines the life cycle cost, and determines the optimal capacity and reasonable layout of the energy storage power station with the maximum net benefit after the energy storage is added to the system. This method can comprehensively evaluate the benefits brought by the energy storage power station after it is added to the system, provide a reference for the planning and layout of the energy storage power station, and also has certain reference significance for improving the utilization efficiency of the transmission channel and saving the grid investment cost.

[0087] Next, a simulation case is used to specifically illustrate the method for determining the planned capacity and layout of the energy storage power station to further illustrate the application effect of the present invention.

[0088] The example system is a provincial power grid in the northwest. In 2025, the electricity demand of the whole province is 99.5 billion kWh, and the maximum load is 13,300 MW; the total planned capacity of the power sources reaches 58,400 MW, among which the capacities of photovoltaic, wind power, solar thermal, hydropower, and thermal power sources are 24,000 MW, 11,000 MW, 1,010 MW, 16,480 MW, and 5,910 MW respectively; clean energy is sent to the central and eastern regions of China through a UHV DC transmission channel, with a transmission voltage level of ±800 kV, a transmission scale of 8,000 MW, and an annual power transmission volume of about 40 billion kWh.

[0089] The economic indicators used in the measurement are as follows: For the energy storage power station, it is temporarily considered to adopt an electrochemical energy storage power station, with the type being lithium-ion batteries. Considering the progress of energy storage technology and the trend of cost reduction, in 2025, the cost of lithium-ion batteries is calculated at 500 yuan / kWh (the energy storage duration is 4 hours), the operation and maintenance rate of the energy storage power station is 0.5%, the comprehensive conversion efficiency of the battery is 90%, the energy storage life is 10 years, and the benchmark discount rate is 8.0%. The standard coal consumption for power generation is 320 g / kWh, and the unit price of standard coal is 800 yuan / ton; the unit investment for thermal power is 3,500 yuan / kW, and the operation and maintenance rate is 3%; the unit investment for the transmission channel is 1,000 yuan / kW, and the operation and maintenance rate is 2%; the environmental protection benefit refers to the operating price in the carbon trading market. Considering the future price trend, it is temporarily calculated at 100 yuan / ton.

[0090] According to the actual power grid structure, the provincial power grid is divided into three regions: the west, the south, and the east. See Figure 2 . The power transmission capacity of the west power grid to the main grid section is about 5,000 MW, and the power transmission capacity of the south power grid to the main grid section is about 10,000 MW. The total scale of new energy layout in the western region is about 17,000 MW.

[0091] The installed capacity of energy storage is planned in a series of 500 MW (4h) - 4,000 MW (4h). Since new energy is mainly distributed in the south and west regions, the following three schemes are considered for the installation location: all energy storage is distributed in the south region, all energy storage is distributed in the west region, and energy storage is evenly distributed in the south and west regions. Considering different installed capacities of energy storage and layout locations, the cost-benefit analysis of the energy storage power station in 2025 is shown in Table 1.

[0092] Table 1 Cost-benefit analysis of the energy storage power station in the example system (different installed capacities of energy storage and layout locations)

[0093] Energy storage installed capacity 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 I. Annual cost of energy storage (10,000 yuan) 15403 30806 46209 61612 77015 92418 107821 123224 Energy storage installed capacity (10,000 kW) 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 Energy storage duration (hours) 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Energy storage life (years) 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 II. Annual benefit of energy storage (10,000 yuan) All energy storage is deployed in the south 36122 58507 79416 99208 116805 130083 140196 151833 All energy storage is deployed in the west 42292 75497 108282 137030 159158 179226 195858 208875 Energy storage is evenly deployed in the south and the west 49387 71648 97745 126723 149599 170405 185612 199571 1. Reduction of thermal power coal consumption (10,000 tons) All energy storage is deployed in the south 21 38 54 67 81 88 96 103 All energy storage is deployed in the west 25 47 66 85 100 113 125 133 Energy storage is evenly deployed in the south and the west 27 43 61 81 96 109 120 130 2. Replacement of thermal power installed capacity (10,000 kW) All energy storage is deployed in the south 20 30 40 55 62 75 80 90 All energy storage is deployed in the west 25 35 53 60 75 90 100 110 Energy storage is evenly deployed in the south and the west 36 36 53 60 70 80 89 97 3. Replacement of power transmission channels (10,000 kW) All energy storage is deployed in the south 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 All energy storage is deployed in the west 50 100 150 200 200 200 200 200 Energy storage is evenly deployed in the south and the west 50 100 100 150 175 200 200 200 4. Reduction of carbon emissions (10,000 tons) All energy storage is deployed in the south 55 100 141 174 210 229 249 268 All energy storage is deployed in the west 65 123 172 222 260 294 325 347 Energy storage is evenly deployed in the south and the west 71 112 160 210 249 283 311 337 III. Annual net benefit of energy storage (10,000 yuan) All energy storage is deployed in the south 20719 27701 33207 37596 39790 37665 32375 28610 All energy storage is deployed in the west 26889 44691 62074 75418 82143 86808 88037 85652 Energy storage is evenly deployed in the south and the west 33984 40842 51536 65112 72585 77988 77792 76348

[0094] The results show that if all energy storage power stations are located in the southern region, the system net benefit is the largest when the capacity of the energy storage power station is 2500 MW (4 h); if all energy storage power stations are located in the western region, the system net benefit is the largest when the capacity of the energy storage power station is 3000 MW (4 h); if all energy storage power stations are located in the southern region, the system net benefit is the largest when the capacity of the energy storage power station is 3500 MW (4 h).

[0095] Generally speaking, for this power grid, due to the large scale of new energy in the western region and the limited capacity of the interconnection channels with the main grid, there is a lot of abandoned electricity. When the capacity of the energy storage power station is 3500 MW (4 h) and all are located in the western region, the effect of reducing the abandonment of new energy is the most obvious, the saving of system coal consumption is the most significant, the substitution of thermal power installed capacity and the channel benefit are the largest, the benefit of reducing carbon emissions is the most, and the national economy is the best.

[0096] As Figure 4 shown, another object of the present invention is to provide an analysis system for determining the capacity and layout of an energy storage power station, which is characterized by including:

[0097] A division module, configured to divide several regions according to the actual or planned grid structure and set the transmission capacity of the inter-regional connection channels;

[0098] A formulation calculation module, configured to formulate a series of capacity and layout schemes of the energy storage power station, calculate the annual cost and comprehensive benefit of the energy storage power station through production simulation; and then calculate the net benefit of the energy storage power station;

[0099] An output module, configured to determine the capacity and layout scheme of the energy storage power station according to the maximum net benefit.

[0100] As Figure 5 shown, the third object of the present invention is to provide an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the analysis method for determining the capacity and layout of the energy storage power station are implemented.

[0101] The fourth object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the analysis method for determining the capacity and layout of the energy storage power station are implemented.

[0102] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0103] The present invention is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatuses (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, and the combination of flows and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing devices to generate a machine, such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing devices generate means for implementing the functions specified in one Figure 1 flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 block or multiple blocks.

[0104] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory generate a manufactured article including instruction means that implement the functions specified in one Figure 1 flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 block or multiple blocks.

[0105] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, such that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to generate a computer-implemented process, so that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one Figure 1 flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 block or multiple blocks.

[0106] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it is still possible to modify the specific implementation manners of the present invention or make equivalent substitutions, and any modification or equivalent substitution that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0107] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention. It cannot be determined that the specific implementation manners of the present invention are limited to this. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field of the present invention, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several simple deductions or substitutions can still be made, which should all be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the invention determined by the claims submitted for the present invention.

Claims

1. An analytical method for determining the capacity and layout of an energy storage power station, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Dividing several regions according to the actual or planned grid structure, and setting the transmission capacity of the inter-regional connection channels; Formulating a series of capacity and layout schemes for the energy storage power station, calculating the annual cost and comprehensive benefits of the energy storage power station through production simulation; and then calculating the net benefit of the energy storage power station; Determining the capacity and layout scheme of the energy storage power station according to the maximum net benefit; During the production simulation, the coal consumption for power generation and reliability penalty of the comprehensive system are considered, and the minimum system operation cost is used as the objective function, that is: Where: C it (P i,t , U i,t ) is the cost corresponding to the coal consumption of unit i at time t, Q it,off (U i,t-1 , U i,t ) are the costs for starting up and shutting down unit i respectively; λ 1 , λ 2 are the load shedding and loss of reserve penalties respectively; E bt is the load shedding power at node b at time t; R bt is the loss of reserve capacity at node b at time t; The comprehensive benefit E of the energy storage power station Ess includes the energy saving benefit E ecc , the thermal power installed capacity replacement benefit E rpp , the alternative transmission channel benefit E tsl and the environmental protection benefit E ep , that is: E Ess = E ecc + E rpp + E tsl + E ep ; The energy saving benefit is the reduction in the coal consumption of thermal power in the system after the energy storage power station is added, that is: E ecc = κ(F f - F f-ess ) where, E ecc is the energy saving benefit in the regional power grid, i.e., the coal consumption cost saved by the system before and after the energy storage is added, F f and F f-ess are the annual coal consumption of the regional power grid before and after adding the energy storage respectively; κ is the unit price of standard coal; The thermal power installed capacity substitution benefit is the part of the thermal power installed capacity that the energy storage power station can substitute, including the equivalent annual value of the investment corresponding to the substituted thermal power installed capacity and the annual operation and maintenance cost, that is: E rpp = C in,g + C om,g where, E rpp is the capacity substitution benefit of energy storage in the regional power grid, and C in,g and C om,g are respectively the equivalent annual value of investment and the annual operation and maintenance cost corresponding to the installed capacity of thermal power replaced by energy storage; The substituted transmission channel benefit includes the equivalent annual value of the investment corresponding to the substituted transmission channel and the annual operation and maintenance cost, that is: E tsl = C in,l + C om,l C in,l = CRF(r, Y l )K l (P l - P l-ess ) C om,l = ηK l (P l - P l-ess ) In the formula, E tsl is the benefit of the alternative transmission channel in the regional power grid, C in,l and C om,l are respectively the equivalent annual value of the investment and the annual operation and maintenance cost corresponding to the alternative transmission channel, CRF(r, Y l ) is the equivalent annual value factor, P l and P l-ess are respectively the transmission channel capacities required by the system before and after the addition of energy storage under the condition that the new energy consumption index of the system remains unchanged; K l is the unit investment of the transmission channel, η is the operation and maintenance rate of the transmission channel; r is the benchmark discount rate, Y l is the economic service life of the transmission channel; The environmental protection benefit is the energy conservation and emission reduction benefit brought by the participation of the energy storage power station in system peak regulation to reduce the thermal power generation, that is: In the formula: are the costs generated by the treatment unit's CO 2 , SO 2 , NO X emissions, yuan / kg; are the CO 2 , SO 2 , NO X emissions generated per unit power generation of the thermal power unit, kg / kWh; ΔQ G is the reduced thermal power generation of the system before and after the addition of energy storage.

2. The analytical method for determining the capacity and layout of an energy storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that The annual cost C of the energy storage power station ESS , including the annual value C of investment, etc In and the operation and maintenance cost C OM , that is: C ESS = C In + C OM wherein, the equivalent annual value of the investment is measured according to the life cycle cost, that is: C In = C(r,n)[C P P ESS + C E E ESS ​ Where: P ESS , E ESS are the power and capacity of energy storage respectively; C P , C E are the unit investments of the power and capacity of energy storage respectively, and C(r,n) is the equal annual value factor; wherein, the operation and maintenance cost refers to the funds dynamically invested to ensure the normal operation of the energy storage system during its life cycle, that is: C OM = μC In In the formula: μ is the operation and maintenance cost coefficient of the energy storage power station.

3. The analytical method for determining the capacity and layout of an energy storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that The net benefit F of the energy storage power station ESS is equal to the comprehensive benefit E ESS minus the annual cost C ESS The capacity and layout of the energy storage power station are determined by maximizing the net benefit, i.e.: maxF ESS = max(E ESS - C ESS ).

4. An analytical system for determining the capacity and layout of an energy storage power station, based on the analytical method for determining the capacity and layout of an energy storage power station according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that it comprises: A division module for dividing several regions according to the actual or planned grid structure and setting the transmission capacity of the inter-regional connection channels; A formulation and calculation module for formulating a series of capacity and layout schemes for the energy storage power station, calculating the annual cost and comprehensive benefits of the energy storage power station through production simulation; and then calculating the net benefit of the energy storage power station; An output module for determining the capacity and layout scheme of the energy storage power station according to the maximum net benefit.

5. An electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the analytical method for determining the capacity and layout of an energy storage power station according to any one of claims 1-3.

6. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the analytical method for determining the capacity and layout of an energy storage power station according to any one of claims 1-3.

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