Ultra-wideband antennas and communication systems

Abstract

The present invention discloses an ultra-wideband antenna and a communication system. The ultra-wideband antenna includes: a low-frequency band antenna radiator, a high-frequency band antenna radiator and a matching switch. The low-frequency band antenna radiator includes a first radiating section and a second radiating section, and the first radiating section and the second radiating section are connected as a whip-like structure; the second radiating section is multiplexed as the high-frequency band antenna radiator; the input end of the matching switch is electrically connected to the output end of the radio station, the first output end of the matching switch is electrically connected to the feeding end of the low-frequency band antenna radiator, and the second output end of the matching switch is electrically connected to the feeding end of the high-frequency band antenna radiator. The embodiment of the present invention can ensure the gain of the antenna and reduce the size of the antenna on the basis of ensuring the working frequency bandwidth of the antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an ultra-wideband antenna and a communication system. Background Art

[0002] Antennas, as conversion devices between electrical signals and electromagnetic wave signals, are essential basic components in wireless communication systems. At present, under the background of the new generation of communication technology (software radio), and the need to prevent leakage or interference during frequency hopping radio communication, the requirements for the working frequency bandwidth of antennas are getting wider and wider. Existing ultra-wideband antennas usually increase the antenna bandwidth by combining and setting different frequency band radiators in sections. However, in the combining method, the RF signal needs to undergo at least two impedance matchings, combining matching and antenna matching, which will increase the mismatch loss and cause the effective gain of the antenna to fail to meet the needs of radio communication; setting the radiator in sections will increase the volume of the antenna. If the antenna volume is limited to a certain range, the antenna bandwidth will not be able to fully cover the frequency bandwidth required by the new generation of software radio platforms. Therefore, the ultra-wideband antenna in the prior art has a large working loss and a large volume. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present invention provide an ultra-wideband antenna and a communication system, so as to ensure the gain of the antenna and reduce the size of the antenna while ensuring the working frequency bandwidth of the antenna.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an ultra-wideband antenna, including:

[0005] A low-frequency band antenna radiator; the low-frequency band antenna radiator comprises a first radiating section and a second radiating section, wherein the first radiating section and the second radiating section are connected to form a whip-like structure;

[0006] A high frequency band antenna radiator; the second radiation segment is multiplexed as the high frequency band antenna radiator;

[0007] A matching switch comprises an input end, a first output end and a second output end; the input end of the matching switch is electrically connected to the output end of the radio station, the first output end of the matching switch is electrically connected to the feed end of the low-frequency band antenna radiator, and the second output end of the matching switch is electrically connected to the feed end of the high-frequency band antenna radiator.

[0008] Optionally, the low-frequency band antenna radiator is a monopole antenna radiator; and a feeding end of the low-frequency band antenna radiator is led out from an end of the second radiating section away from the first radiating section.

[0009] Optionally, the high-frequency band antenna radiator is a dipole antenna radiator; the second radiating segment includes at least two radiating copper tubes, and the at least two radiating copper tubes are connected in sequence to form a copper tube strip; wherein the number of the radiating copper tubes is an even number; the connecting part of the two radiating copper tubes located in the middle position of the copper tube strip serves as the feeding end of the high-frequency band antenna radiator.

[0010] Optionally, the output signal of the output terminal of the radio station includes: a radio frequency signal and a direct current voltage signal;

[0011] The matching switch comprises:

[0012] A signal separation module, comprising an input end, a first output end, and a second output end; the input end of the signal separation module is electrically connected to the output end of the radio station; the signal separation module is used to separate the output signal of the output end of the radio station to obtain the radio frequency signal and the DC voltage signal, and output the radio frequency signal through the first output end, and output the DC voltage signal through the second output end;

[0013] A switching matching module comprises a first input end, a second input end, a first output end and a second output end; the first input end of the switching matching module is electrically connected to the first output end of the signal separation module, the second input end of the switching matching module is electrically connected to the second output end of the signal separation module, the first output end of the switching matching module is electrically connected to the feeding end of the high-frequency band antenna radiator, and the second output end of the switching matching module is electrically connected to the feeding end of the low-frequency band antenna radiator.

[0014] Optionally, the signal separation module includes: a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a first inductor;

[0015] The first end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the first end of the first inductor and serves as the input end of the signal separation module; the second end of the first capacitor serves as the first output end of the signal separation module; the second end of the first inductor is electrically connected to the first end of the second capacitor and serves as the second output end of the signal separation module; the second end of the second capacitor is grounded.

[0016] Optionally, the switching matching module includes: a second inductor, a third inductor, a fourth inductor, a fifth inductor, a sixth inductor, a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, a high-frequency band matching unit and a low-frequency band matching unit;

[0017] The first end of the second inductor, the first end of the third inductor and the first end of the fourth inductor are all electrically connected to the second output end of the signal separation module; the cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to the second end of the second inductor and the feeding end of the high-frequency band antenna radiator, respectively; the anode of the first diode is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth inductor and the first end of the high-frequency band matching unit, respectively; the second end of the high-frequency band matching unit is electrically connected to the anode of the second diode; the cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to the second end of the third inductor, the first output end of the signal separation module and the anode of the fourth diode, respectively; the second end of the fifth inductor is grounded; the anode of the third diode is electrically connected to the second end of the fourth inductor and the feeding end of the low-frequency band antenna radiator, respectively; the cathode of the third diode is electrically connected to the first end of the sixth inductor and the first end of the low-frequency band matching unit, respectively; the second end of the low-frequency band matching unit is electrically connected to the cathode of the fourth diode; the second end of the sixth inductor is grounded.

[0018] Optionally, the low-frequency band matching unit includes: a magnetic ring, a first enameled wire and a second enameled wire; the first enameled wire and the second enameled wire are alternately wound around the magnetic ring; the first end of the first enameled wire is connected to the second end of the second enameled wire and serves as the second end of the low-frequency band matching unit; the second end of the first enameled wire is grounded; the first end of the second enameled wire serves as the first end of the low-frequency band matching unit.

[0019] Optionally, the high-frequency band matching unit includes: a seventh inductor, an eighth inductor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor and a fifth capacitor;

[0020] The first end of the seventh inductor is electrically connected to the first end of the third capacitor and serves as the first end of the high-frequency band matching unit; the second end of the seventh inductor is electrically connected to the first end of the fourth capacitor and the first end of the eighth inductor respectively; the second end of the eighth inductor is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth capacitor and serves as the second end of the high-frequency band matching unit; the second end of the third capacitor, the second end of the fourth capacitor and the second end of the fifth capacitor are all grounded.

[0021] Optionally, the matching switch also includes: an isolation module, including a sixth capacitor and a seventh capacitor; the sixth capacitor is connected in series between the first output end of the switching matching module and the feeding end of the high-frequency band antenna radiator; the seventh capacitor is connected in series between the second output end of the switching matching module and the feeding end of the low-frequency band antenna radiator.

[0022] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication system, including a radio station and an ultra-wideband antenna as provided in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] In the ultra-wideband antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the first radiation section and the second radiation section together constitute the low-frequency band antenna radiator, and the second radiation section constitutes the high-frequency band antenna radiator, which can cover a larger frequency bandwidth. Compared with the prior art in which the radiators of each frequency band are set separately, the embodiment of the present invention effectively reduces the volume of the ultra-wideband antenna by reusing the second radiation section while ensuring that the low-frequency band antenna radiator has a sufficient length. In addition, if the length of the low-frequency band antenna radiator is sufficient, then its radiation area is sufficient, which can ensure that the antenna has sufficient gain. In addition, the embodiment of the present invention uses a matching switch to control the switching of the high and low frequency band radiators according to the output signal of the radio station, which is equivalent to using a digital control switch to control whether the antenna radiators of each frequency band are working. When the antenna is working, it only needs to go through the impedance matching process of the antenna matching, and does not need the circuit matching process, which can effectively reduce the loss of the antenna when it is working, thereby ensuring the antenna gain. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention can ensure the gain of the antenna and reduce the volume of the antenna on the basis of ensuring the working frequency bandwidth of the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a front schematic diagram of an ultra-wideband antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a side schematic diagram of an ultra-wideband antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along line X-X';

[0027] Figure 4 This embodiment of the present invention provides a Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle area Y;

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a matching switch provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another matching switch provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a low-frequency band matching unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0032] An embodiment of the present invention provides an ultra-wideband antenna. Figure 1 is a front schematic diagram of an ultra-wideband antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a side schematic diagram of an ultra-wideband antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of X-X'. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The appearance diagram of the ultra-wideband antenna 100 is given as an example. Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the ultra-wideband antenna 100 is exemplarily provided to illustrate the internal structure of the ultra-wideband antenna 100. Figure 1-Figure 3 The ultra-wideband antenna 100 includes: a low-frequency band antenna radiator, a high-frequency band antenna radiator and a matching switch 30. The low-frequency band antenna radiator includes a first radiating section 10 and a second radiating section 20, and the first radiating section 10 and the second radiating section 20 are connected to form a whip structure. The second radiating section 20 is multiplexed as a high-frequency band antenna radiator. The matching switch 30 includes an input end, a first output end, and a second output end; the input end of the matching switch 30 is electrically connected to the output end of the radio station, the first output end of the matching switch 30 is electrically connected to the feeding end of the low-frequency band antenna radiator, and the second output end of the matching switch 30 is electrically connected to the feeding end of the high-frequency band antenna radiator.

[0033] Exemplarily, the low-frequency antenna radiator can be used in the VHF (Very High Frequency) band and / or the UHF (Ultra High Frequency) band; the high-frequency antenna radiator can be used in the L (Long Wave) band and / or the S (Short Wave) band. The matching switch 30 is used to receive the output signal of the output end of the radio station, and control the low-frequency antenna radiator or the high-frequency antenna radiator to work according to the output signal of the radio station. Exemplarily, the matching switch 30 may include a PCB board and functional elements thereon, and each functional element may be connected to a switching control circuit and an antenna matching circuit, so that the matching switch has the functions of digital control switch switching and antenna impedance matching. Among them, the switching control circuit is used to determine the antenna radiator that needs to be put into operation according to the output signal of the radio station. It can be a two-terminal controllable switch or a circuit composed of unidirectional conductive devices such as diodes, and does not need to have an impedance matching function; matching circuits can be set for different antenna radiators in the antenna matching circuit to achieve matching with each antenna radiator, such as 50Ω matching. The radio station and the matching switch 30 may be electrically connected via a connector 50, such as a TNC connector (Thread Neill-Concelman).

[0034] In the ultra-wideband antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the first radiation section 10 and the second radiation section 20 together constitute the low-frequency band antenna radiator, and the second radiation section 20 constitutes the high-frequency band antenna radiator, which can cover a larger frequency bandwidth. Compared with the prior art in which the radiators of each frequency band are set separately, the embodiment of the present invention effectively reduces the volume of the ultra-wideband antenna 100 by reusing the second radiation section 20 while ensuring that the low-frequency band antenna radiator has a sufficient length. In addition, if the length of the low-frequency band antenna radiator is sufficient, then its radiation area is sufficient, which can ensure that the antenna has sufficient gain. In addition, the embodiment of the present invention uses a matching switch 30 to control the switching of the high and low frequency band radiators according to the output signal of the radio station, which is equivalent to using a digital control switch to control whether the antenna radiators of each frequency band are working. When the antenna is working, it only needs to go through the impedance matching process of antenna matching, and does not need the combined matching process, which can effectively reduce the loss of the antenna when it is working, thereby ensuring the antenna gain. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention can ensure the gain of the antenna and reduce the volume of the antenna on the basis of ensuring the working frequency bandwidth of the antenna.

[0035] Continue to see Figure 1-Figure 3On the basis of the above embodiments, optionally, an antenna cap 41 is provided on the top of the first radiation section 10, connected to the first radiation section 10 by a rivet 44; the second radiation section 20 is installed inside the first cover 42; the matching switch 30 is installed inside the second cover 43. The first cover 42 and the second cover 43 can both be glass fiber reinforced plastic pipes. Such an arrangement can provide better protection and support for the ultra-wideband antenna 100.

[0036] Continue to see Figure 1-Figure 3 On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, optionally, the first radiating section 10 and the second radiating section 20 can be connected via a connector 45 and an antenna choke inverter 46; wherein the connector 45 can be connected to the first radiating section 10 via rivets; and the antenna choke inverter 46 can be composed of a loading spring.

[0037] Continue to see Figure 3 On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, optionally, the low-frequency band antenna radiator is a monopole antenna radiator; the feeding end of the low-frequency band antenna radiator is led out from the end of the second radiating section 20 away from the first radiating section 10, that is, from the bottom of the low-frequency band antenna radiator, so that the length of the connecting line between the matching switch 30 and the low-frequency band antenna radiator can be shortened as much as possible to reduce the loss.

[0038] Continue to see Figure 3 On the basis of the above embodiments, optionally, the high-frequency band antenna radiator is a dipole antenna radiator; the second radiating section 20 includes at least two radiating copper tubes 22, and at least two radiating copper tubes 22 are sequentially connected to form a copper tube belt; wherein the number of radiating copper tubes 22 is an even number; the connecting part of the two radiating copper tubes 22 located in the middle position of the copper tube belt serves as the feeding end of the high-frequency band antenna radiator.

[0039] Exemplarily, the second radiation section 20 also includes: a fixed copper tube 22 and a plurality of gaskets 23, and each radiation copper tube 21 is connected to form a copper tube strip through the fixed copper tube 22 and the gasket 23. Among them, the gasket 23 can be made of insulating material. All radiation copper tubes 21 are arranged around the fixed copper tube 22, that is, the fixed copper tube 22 passes through all radiation copper tubes, for example, it is arranged on the central axis position of the radiation copper tube 21. And all radiation copper tubes 22 are electrically connected through the fixed copper tube 22. The number of gaskets 23 can be the same as the number of radiation copper tubes 21, and they are respectively arranged under each radiation copper tube 21, and are fixedly connected to the fixed copper tube 22; that is, the gasket 23 can be used to limit the position of each radiation copper tube 21, and there is no direct electrical connection between the radiation copper tubes 21. In this way, the feeding end of the high-frequency band antenna radiator can be led out from the fixed copper tube 22 between the two middle radiation copper tubes 21.

[0040] Furthermore, part of the radiating copper tubes located at both ends of the copper tube strip can be reused as choke copper tubes to improve the gain of the high-frequency antenna radiator; the length of the choke copper tube matches the center frequency of the working frequency band of the high-frequency antenna radiator. Figure 3 For example, the high-frequency band antenna radiator (the second radiating section 20) includes four radiating copper tubes 21, and the feeding end is led out from between the second and third radiating copper tubes 21. The fixed copper tube 21 and the gasket 23 are used to fix the four radiating copper tubes 21. Assuming that the high-frequency band antenna radiator works in the L-band, the radiating copper tubes 21 at both ends (i.e., the first and fourth radiating copper tubes 21 from top to bottom) are reused as choke copper tubes, then the length of the radiating copper tubes 21 at both ends can be set to a quarter wavelength of the center frequency of the L-band to ensure that the horizontal plane radiation gain of the L-band antenna is maximized.

[0041] The above-mentioned embodiments exemplarily provide the configuration of each antenna radiator, and the configuration and circuit structure of the matching switch will be specifically described below.

[0042] Figure 4 This embodiment of the present invention provides a Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle area Y. Figure 3 and Figure 4 In one embodiment, the matching switch 30 is optionally composed of a functional circuit composed of a PCB board and components thereon; the PCB board is arranged at one end of the second radiation section 20 away from the first radiation section 10; the matching switch 30 and the second cover 43 are connected to the second radiation section 20 and the first cover 42 through an adapter 47 and an adapter 48. The radio station can be electrically connected to the matching switch 30 through a connector 50. Specifically, the matching switch 30 can be in good contact with the elastic socket in the connector 50 through the PCB pin 31. This structure is easy to produce, assemble and debug.

[0043] Continue to see Figure 4 On the basis of the above embodiments, the ultra-wideband antenna may further include: a grounding spring 49; the grounding spring 49 is disposed on the side of the matching switch 30 away from the second radiation section 20, and when the connector 50 is connected to the ultra-wideband antenna, the grounding spring 49 contacts and is compressed by the connector 50. Since the ultra-wideband antenna is assembled from top to bottom, and the connector 50 is a thread that is screwed into the bottom of the ultra-wideband antenna from bottom to top, the provision of the grounding spring 49 can ensure good contact between the matching switch 30 and the connector 50.

[0044] The circuit structure in the matching switch 30 is described below, but is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a matching switch provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5In one implementation, optionally, the output signal of the radio station 200 is a mixed signal of a radio frequency signal and a direct current voltage signal. The matching switch 30 includes: a signal separation module 310 and a switching matching module 320 .

[0046] The signal separation module 310 includes an input terminal, a first output terminal, and a second output terminal; the input terminal of the signal separation module 310 is used as the input terminal of the matching switch 30 and is electrically connected to the output terminal of the radio station 100; the signal separation module 310 is used to separate the output signal of the output terminal of the radio station 100 to obtain a radio frequency signal and a direct current voltage signal, and output the radio frequency signal through the first output terminal and the direct current voltage signal through the second output terminal. The switching matching module 320 includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, a first output terminal, and a second output terminal; the first input terminal of the switching matching module 320 is electrically connected to the first output terminal of the signal separation module 310, the second input terminal is electrically connected to the second output terminal of the signal separation module 310, the first output terminal is electrically connected to the feed terminal of the high frequency band antenna radiator 101, and the second output terminal is electrically connected to the feed terminal of the low frequency band antenna radiator 102.

[0047] Specifically, the switching matching module 320 can be divided into a high-band matching switching submodule 321 and a low-band matching switching submodule 322. The first input end of the high-band matching switching submodule 321 is electrically connected to the first output end of the signal separation module 310, the second input end is electrically connected to the second output end of the signal separation module 310, and the output end is electrically connected to the feeding end of the high-band antenna radiator 101; the first input end of the low-band matching switching submodule 322 is electrically connected to the first output end of the signal separation module 310, the second input end is electrically connected to the second output end of the signal separation module 310, and the output end is electrically connected to the feeding end of the low-band antenna radiator 102. Among them, the high and low level switching of the DC voltage signal output from the second output end of the signal separation module 310 controls the operation of the high-frequency band matching switching submodule 321 or the low-frequency band matching switching submodule 322, and only one matching switching submodule works at the same time; when the matching switching submodule works, the RF signal output from the first output end of the signal separation module 310 is transmitted to the corresponding antenna radiator, and the RF signal is converted into an electromagnetic wave after passing through the antenna radiator.

[0048] In summary, the present invention embodiment designs a switching control circuit that cooperates with the antenna radiator control, which can realize the switching control of the antenna radiator and the impedance matching of each antenna radiator, and can use the power signal transmitted by the radio station 200, and does not need to provide another power module in the control switch 30, which is conducive to simplifying the circuit structure. Figure 6 , the specific circuit structure of the matching switch is explained.

[0049] Figure 6is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another matching switch provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 , exemplarily, the radio station 200 includes a radio frequency signal generating module for providing a radio frequency signal SRF; a power supply module for providing a direct current voltage signal VCC; and capacitors C8, C9, and inductor L9. Among them, capacitor C8 is a DC blocking capacitor, which can pass the radio frequency signal SRF and block the direct current voltage signal VCC, thereby preventing the direct current from directly flowing into the radio frequency signal generating module inside the radio station 200 and affecting the normal operation of the radio frequency path. Inductor L9 is an inductor with a certain inductance value, and together with capacitor C9, it forms a low-pass filter, whose passband frequency is much smaller than the low-frequency signal of the radio frequency signal SRF, so the radio frequency signal RSF is strangled and will not be transmitted to the power supply module. Therefore, the direct current voltage signal VCC and the radio frequency signal SRF are both transmitted unidirectionally to the output end of the radio station 200, and the output end of the radio station 200 is connected to the input end of the matching switch 30 through a connector.

[0050] Continue to see Figure 6 On the basis of the above embodiments, optionally, the signal separation module 310 includes: a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2 and a first inductor L1; the first end of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the first end of the first inductor L1 and serves as the input end of the signal separation module 310; the second end of the first capacitor C1 serves as the first output end of the signal separation module 310; the second end of the first inductor L1 is electrically connected to the first end of the second capacitor C2 and serves as the second output end of the signal separation module 310; the second end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded. Among them, the first capacitor C1 is a DC blocking capacitor, which can block the DC voltage signal VCC through the RF signal SRF; the first inductor L1 and the second capacitor C2 form a low-pass filter, which can throttle the RF signal SRF through the DC voltage signal VCC.

[0051] Continue to see Figure 6On the basis of the above embodiments, optionally, the switching matching module 320 includes: a second inductor L2, a third inductor L3, a fourth inductor L4, a fifth inductor L5, a sixth inductor L6, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a third diode D3, a fourth diode D4, a high-frequency matching unit 323 and a low-frequency matching unit 324. The first end of the second inductor L2, the first end of the third inductor L3 and the first end of the fourth inductor L4 are all electrically connected to the second output end of the signal separation module 310; the cathode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the second end of the second inductor L2 and the feeding end of the high-frequency antenna radiator 101 respectively; the anode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth inductor L5 and the first end of the high-frequency matching unit 323 respectively; the second end of the high-frequency matching unit 323 is electrically connected to the anode of the second diode D2; the cathode of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the The second end of the third inductor L3, the first output end of the signal separation module 310 and the anode of the fourth diode D4 are electrically connected; the second end of the fifth inductor L5 is grounded; the anode of the third diode D3 is electrically connected to the second end of the fourth inductor L4 and the feeding end of the low-frequency band antenna radiator 102 respectively; the cathode of the third diode D3 is electrically connected to the first end of the sixth inductor L6 and the first end of the low-frequency band matching unit 324 respectively; the second end of the low-frequency band matching unit 324 is electrically connected to the cathode of the fourth diode D4; the second end of the sixth inductor L6 is grounded.

[0052] The second inductor L2, the third inductor L3, the fifth inductor L5, the first diode D1, the second diode D2 and the high-frequency matching unit 323 together constitute a high-frequency matching switching submodule. The third inductor L3, the fourth inductor L4, the sixth inductor L6, the third diode D3, the fourth diode D4 and the low-frequency matching unit 324 together constitute a low-frequency matching switching submodule.

[0053] Exemplarily, the working process of the switching matching module 320 includes:

[0054] If the DC voltage signal VCC is a positive high voltage, the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are turned off; the third diode D3 and the fourth diode D4 are turned on, and the RF signal is transmitted to the low-frequency antenna radiator 102 through the fourth diode D4, the low-frequency matching unit 324 and the third diode D3. In other words, at this time, the low-frequency antenna radiator 102 is in a conducting working state, and the high-frequency antenna radiator 101 is in a disconnected non-working state. Then, when the DC voltage signal VCC is a positive high voltage, the RF signal can be set to a signal in the working frequency band of the low-frequency antenna radiator 102, such as the UHF band or the VHF band.

[0055] Similarly, if the DC voltage signal VCC is a negative high voltage, the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are turned on, and the third diode D3 and the fourth diode D4 are turned off. That is, at this time, the low-frequency antenna radiator 102 is in a disconnected non-working state, and the high-frequency antenna radiator 101 is in a conducting working state. Then, when the DC voltage signal VCC is a negative high voltage, the RF signal can be set to a signal in the working frequency band of the high-frequency antenna radiator 101, such as the L band or the S band.

[0056] For example, all diodes in the circuit can be PIN diodes, preferably wideband low-loss PIN diodes, whose on-resistance is in the milliohm level and off-resistance is above the megohm level. The loss caused in the on-state can be ignored, and the off-state can be regarded as an open circuit state. Therefore, compared with antennas of the same size, this design can improve the antenna gain while ensuring the antenna operating frequency; in other words, when the gain difference is not large, the antenna operating frequency can be greatly widened.

[0057] Continue to see Figure 6 On the basis of the above embodiments, optionally, the high-frequency band matching unit 323 is a two-order matching circuit composed of discrete components, including: a seventh inductor L7, an eighth inductor L8, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4 and a fifth capacitor C5. The first end of the seventh inductor L7 is electrically connected to the first end of the third capacitor C3 and serves as the first end of the high-frequency band matching unit 323; the second end of the seventh inductor L7 is electrically connected to the first end of the fourth capacitor C4 and the first end of the eighth inductor L8 respectively; the second end of the eighth inductor L8 is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth capacitor C5 and serves as the second end of the high-frequency band matching unit 323; the second end of the third capacitor C3, the second end of the fourth capacitor C4 and the second end of the fifth capacitor C5 are all grounded.

[0058] The low-frequency matching unit 324 can specifically adopt a 1:4 balanced-unbalanced balun matching, and its structure diagram can be seen in Figure 7 . See Figure 7 , exemplarily, the low frequency band matching unit 324 includes: a magnetic ring 630, a first enameled wire 610 and a second enameled wire 620. The first enameled wire 610 and the second enameled wire 620 are alternately wound around the magnetic ring 630; Figure 7 As shown, the first enameled wire 610 and the second enameled wire 620 are wound around the magnetic ring 630 in parallel for two turns. The first end A0 of the first enameled wire 610 is connected to the second end B1 of the second enameled wire 620, and serves as the second end of the low-frequency matching unit 324, connected to the cathode of the fourth diode; the second end A1 of the first enameled wire 610 is grounded; the first end B0 of the second enameled wire 620 serves as the first end of the low-frequency matching unit 324, connected to the cathode of the third diode. The magnetic ring 630 can be, for example, a low-permeability magnetic ring.

[0059] Continue to see Figure 6 On the basis of the above embodiments, optionally, the matching switch 30 further includes: an isolation module 330, including a sixth capacitor C6 and a seventh capacitor C7; the sixth capacitor C6 is connected in series between the first output end of the switching matching module 320 and the feeding end of the high-frequency antenna radiator 101; the seventh capacitor C7 is connected in series between the second output end of the switching matching module 320 and the feeding end of the low-frequency antenna radiator 102. The sixth capacitor C6 and the seventh capacitor C7 are both DC-isolating capacitors, which only allow RF signals to pass through and isolate DC voltage signals, thereby reducing or eliminating the loss caused by the equivalent impedance of the antenna radiator itself when the antenna radiator is working due to the flow of DC signals.

[0060] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a new ultra-wideband antenna, which can improve the gain of the antenna in VHF, UHF, and L bands, reduce the size of the antenna, and facilitate portability and radio station control.

[0061] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication system, including a radio station and an ultra-wideband antenna as provided in any embodiment of the present invention, which has corresponding beneficial effects. The radio station and the ultra-wideband antenna can be connected via a radio frequency coaxial connector.

[0062] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An ultra-wideband antenna, characterized in that: include: Low frequency band antenna radiator; The low-frequency band antenna radiator comprises a first radiating section and a second radiating section, wherein the first radiating section and the second radiating section are connected to form a whip-like structure; High frequency band antenna radiator; The second radiation segment is multiplexed as the high frequency band antenna radiator; A matching switch, comprising an input end, a first output end, and a second output end; the input end of the matching switch is electrically connected to the output end of the radio station, the first output end of the matching switch is electrically connected to the feed end of the low-frequency band antenna radiator, and the second output end of the matching switch is electrically connected to the feed end of the high-frequency band antenna radiator; The output signal of the output end of the radio station includes: a radio frequency signal and a DC voltage signal; the matching switch includes: A signal separation module, comprising an input end, a first output end, and a second output end; the input end of the signal separation module is electrically connected to the output end of the radio station; the signal separation module is used to separate the output signal of the output end of the radio station to obtain the radio frequency signal and the DC voltage signal, and output the radio frequency signal through the first output end, and output the DC voltage signal through the second output end; A switching matching module, comprising a first input end, a second input end, a first output end, and a second output end; the first input end of the switching matching module is electrically connected to the first output end of the signal separation module, the second input end of the switching matching module is electrically connected to the second output end of the signal separation module, the first output end of the switching matching module is electrically connected to the feeding end of the high-frequency band antenna radiator, and the second output end of the switching matching module is electrically connected to the feeding end of the low-frequency band antenna radiator; The matching switch further includes: an isolation module, including a sixth capacitor and a seventh capacitor; the sixth capacitor is connected in series between the first output end of the switching matching module and the feeding end of the high-frequency band antenna radiator; the seventh capacitor is connected in series between the second output end of the switching matching module and the feeding end of the low-frequency band antenna radiator; The switching matching module includes: a second inductor, a third inductor, a fourth inductor, a fifth inductor, a sixth inductor, a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, a high-frequency matching unit and a low-frequency matching unit; The first end of the second inductor, the first end of the third inductor and the first end of the fourth inductor are all electrically connected to the second output end of the signal separation module; the cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to the second end of the second inductor and the feeding end of the high-frequency band antenna radiator respectively; the anode of the first diode is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth inductor and the first end of the high-frequency band matching unit respectively; the second end of the high-frequency band matching unit is electrically connected to the anode of the second diode; the cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to the second end of the third inductor, the first output end of the signal separation module and the anode of the fourth diode respectively; the second end of the fifth inductor is grounded; the anode of the third diode is electrically connected to the second end of the fourth inductor and the feeding end of the low-frequency band antenna radiator respectively; the cathode of the third diode is electrically connected to the first end of the sixth inductor and the first end of the low-frequency band matching unit respectively; the second end of the low-frequency band matching unit is electrically connected to the cathode of the fourth diode; the second end of the sixth inductor is grounded; The high frequency band matching unit comprises: a seventh inductor, an eighth inductor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor and a fifth capacitor; The first end of the seventh inductor is electrically connected to the first end of the third capacitor and serves as the first end of the high-frequency band matching unit; the second end of the seventh inductor is electrically connected to the first end of the fourth capacitor and the first end of the eighth inductor respectively; the second end of the eighth inductor is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth capacitor and serves as the second end of the high-frequency band matching unit; the second end of the third capacitor, the second end of the fourth capacitor and the second end of the fifth capacitor are all grounded; The first diode, the second diode, the third diode and the fourth diode are wide-band and low-loss PIN diodes.

2. The ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-frequency band antenna radiator is a monopole antenna radiator; the feeding end of the low-frequency band antenna radiator is led out from an end of the second radiating section away from the first radiating section.

3. The ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-frequency band antenna radiator is a dipole antenna radiator; the second radiating section includes at least two radiating copper tubes, and the at least two radiating copper tubes are connected in sequence to form a copper tube strip; wherein the number of the radiating copper tubes is an even number; the connecting part of the two radiating copper tubes located in the middle position of the copper tube strip serves as the feeding end of the high-frequency band antenna radiator.

4. The ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal separation module includes: a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a first inductor; The first end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the first end of the first inductor and serves as the input end of the signal separation module; the second end of the first capacitor serves as the first output end of the signal separation module; the second end of the first inductor is electrically connected to the first end of the second capacitor and serves as the second output end of the signal separation module; the second end of the second capacitor is grounded.

5. The ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-frequency band matching unit includes: a magnetic ring, a first enameled wire and a second enameled wire; the first enameled wire and the second enameled wire are alternately wound around the magnetic ring; the first end of the first enameled wire is connected to the second end of the second enameled wire and serves as the second end of the low-frequency band matching unit; the second end of the first enameled wire is grounded; the first end of the second enameled wire serves as the first end of the low-frequency band matching unit.

6. A communication system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a radio station and an ultra-wideband antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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