Terminal and wireless communication method

Abstract

A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a receiving unit for receiving a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS); and a control unit for performing measurements using either a first band in which the CSI-RS is transmitted or a second band configured for the CSI-RS. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, communication can be performed appropriately even when using a high frequency band.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal and a wireless communication method in a next-generation mobile communication system. Background Art

[0002] In the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network, Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been standardized to achieve even higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Furthermore, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) has been standardized to further enhance the capacity and sophistication of LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Releases (Rel.) 8 and 9).

[0003] Successor systems to LTE (for example, also referred to as fifth-generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 and later, etc.) are also under study.

[0004] Prior art literature

[0005] Non-patent literature

[0006] Non-Patent Document 1: 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010 Summary of the Invention

[0007] Problems to be solved by the invention

[0008] In future wireless communication systems (for example, NR after Rel. 16), the use of frequencies or frequency ranges (FR) higher than specific frequencies (for example, 7.125 GHz, 24.25 GHz, 52.6 GHz, etc.) is being studied.

[0009] In a frequency band higher than a specific frequency, it is assumed that phase noise increases and sensitivity to peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) increases.

[0010] However, how to perform communication control (for example, channel / signal design, modulation control, or mapping control) at frequencies higher than a specific frequency has not been fully studied.

[0011] Therefore, one of the objects of the present disclosure is to provide a terminal and a wireless communication method that can appropriately perform communication even when using a high frequency band.

[0012] Means for solving problems

[0013] A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a receiving unit that receives a channel state information (CSI)-reference signal (RS); and a control unit that performs measurement using either a first band in which the CSI-RS is transmitted or a second band configured for the CSI-RS.

[0014] Effects of the Invention

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, communication can be performed appropriately even when a high frequency band is used. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing an example of a CSI-RS position within a slot.

[0017] Figures 2A-2D It is a diagram showing an example of FD-OCC and TD-OCC.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing an example of CSI-RS positions for each port number.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing an example of mapping of 32-port CSI-RS.

[0020] Figures 5A-5C This is a diagram showing an example of CDM in PUCCH format 4.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing an example of FR.

[0022] Figure 7A as well as Figure 7B This is a diagram showing an example of a CSI-RS to which CS is applied.

[0023] Figure 8Aas well as Figure 8B This is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the CSI-RS bandwidth and the number of CSs.

[0024] Figure 9A as well as Figure 9B This is a diagram showing an example of a CSI-RS to which FD-OCC is applied.

[0025] Figure 10A as well as Figure 10B This is a diagram showing an example of a CSI-RS to which FDM, or FDM and TDM, are applied.

[0026] Figure 11 This is a diagram showing an example of a CSI-RS to which TDM is applied.

[0027] Figure 12A as well as Figure 12B This is a diagram showing an example of a CSI-RS to which TD-OCC is applied.

[0028] Figure 13 This is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between SCS and TD-OCC length.

[0029] Figure 14 This is a diagram showing an example of a CSI-RS to which a CS in the time domain is applied.

[0030] Figure 15 This is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the number of CSI-RS symbols and the number of CSs.

[0031] Figure 16 This is a diagram showing an example of a structure in which a spreading code is applied to a CSI-RS.

[0032] Figure 17 This is a diagram showing an example of a spectrum of a CSI-RS to which a spreading code is applied.

[0033] Figures 18A-18C This is a diagram showing an example of a CSI-RS to which a large SCS is applied.

[0034] Figure 19A as well as Figure 19B This is a diagram showing an example during SCS switching.

[0035] Figure 20 This is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between SCS and SCS switching period.

[0036] Figures 21A-21F This is a diagram showing an example of a CSI-RS to which comb is applied.

[0037] Figure 22 This is a diagram showing an example of CSI-RS transmission for multiple TRPs.

[0038] Figure 23A as well as Figure 23B This is a diagram showing an example of CSI-RS transmitted from multiple TRPs.

[0039] Figure 24 This is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between CSI-RS transmission bands and CSI-RS resources.

[0040] Figure 25 This is a diagram showing an example of a CSI-RS transmission band to which CDM is applied.

[0041] Figure 26 This is a diagram showing an example of a CSI-RS resource band to which CDM is applied.

[0042] Figure 27 This is a diagram showing an example of frequency hopping of a CSI-RS resource band.

[0043] Figure 28 This is a diagram showing an example of frequency hopping in the CSI-RS transmission band.

[0044] Figure 29 This is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the CSI-RS transmission band and the CSI-RS resource band.

[0045] Figure 30 This is a diagram showing an example of CSI-RS in PDSCH transmission in one slot.

[0046] Figure 31 This is a diagram showing an example of CSI-RS in PDSCH transmission over multiple time slots.

[0047] Figure 32 This is a diagram showing an example of CSI-RS transmission using DFT-s-OFDM.

[0048] Figure 33 This is a diagram showing an example of a structure using DFT-s-OFDM.

[0049] Figure 34A as well as Figure 34B This is a diagram showing an example of DFT-s-OFDM for CSI-RS-inserted data.

[0050] Figure 35A as well as Figure 35B This is a diagram showing an example of CSI-RS transmission over multiple time slots.

[0051] Figure 36 This is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment.

[0052] Figure 37 This is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a base station according to one embodiment.

[0053] Figure 38 This is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment.

[0054] Figure 39 This is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] (CSI-RS)

[0056] In Rel.15, CSI-RS is used as a DL RS for at least one of channel state information (CSI) acquisition, beam management (BM), beam failure recovery (BFR), and precise tracking of time and frequency. CSI-RS supports 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, and 32 ports (antenna ports, CSI-RS ports). CSI-RS supports periodic, semi-persistent, and aperiodic transmission. In order to adjust the overhead and CSI estimation accuracy, the frequency density of CSI-RS can be set.

[0057] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing an example of the CSI-RS position (location) within a time slot. Each row of the table represents the row number, the number of ports, the density of the frequency domain, the CDM type, the time / frequency position (the position of the component resource (k bar, l bar)), the code division multiplexing (CDM) group index, and the resource position within the component resource ((RE, symbol), (k', l')). Here, the time / frequency position is the position of the time and frequency resources (component resources) of the CSI-RS corresponding to one port. The k bar is a mark with an overline added to "k". The k bar represents the starting resource element (RE) index of the component resource, and the l bar represents the starting symbol (OFDM symbol) index of the component resource.

[0058] CDM groups include non-CDM (no CDM, N / A), FD-CDM2, CDM4, and CDM8. FD-CDM2 multiplexes two CSI-RSs (FD2) at the same time and frequency by multiplying a frequency domain (FD)-orthogonal cover code (OCC) of length 2 per RE unit. CDM4 multiplexes four CSI-RSs (FD2TD2) at the same time and frequency by multiplying a FD-OCC of length 2 and a time domain (TD)-OCC of length 2 per RE unit symbol unit. CDM8 multiplexes eight CSI-RSs (FD2TD4) at the same time and frequency by multiplying a FD-OCC of length 2 and a TD-OCC of length 4 per RE unit symbol unit.

[0059] Figures 2A-2D This is a diagram showing an example of FD-OCC and TD-OCC. The sequence of FD-OCC is represented by w f (k') represents the sequence of TD-OCC, which is represented by w t (k') indicates. Figure 2A Indicates that the CDM type is non-CDM (no CDM). Figure 2B Indicates that the CDM type is FD-CDM2. Figure 2C Indicates that the CDM type is CDM4. Figure 2D Indicates that the CDM type is CDM8.

[0060] Figure 3 Is based on Figure 1 This figure shows an example of CSI-RS positions for each number of ports. The figure shows the frequency density, component resource size (size in the frequency direction [RE], size in the time direction [symbol]), and CDM type for each number of ports.

[0061] For example, Figure 4 An example of resource element (RE) mapping of a CSI-RS with the number of ports set to 32 and the component resource size set to 2RE×2 symbols is shown ( Figure 11PRB×1 time slot in the frequency and time domains, 2RE×2 symbol component resources are multiplexed into 4 in the frequency domain (frequency division multiplexing (FDM)) and 2 in the time domain (time division multiplexing (TDM)), thereby mapping 4×2 component resources. Furthermore, for the CSI-RS in each component resource, a 2RE FD-OCC and a 2-symbol TD-OCC are multiplied, thereby multiplexing 4 CSI-RS (code division multiplexing (CDM)) (CDM4, FD2TD2). Therefore, 32 ports of CSI-RS are transmitted in the resources of 1PRB×1 time slot.

[0062] Since the maximum number of CSI-RS ports, 32, is greater than the maximum number of layers, 8, the UE can measure a large number of channel states, thereby improving measurement accuracy.

[0063] (CDM in PUCCH format 4)

[0064] In addition, in the UL of Rel.15NR, PUCCH format 4 supports FD-OCC and DFT-s-OFDM (transform precoding) on ​​data codewords, and cyclic shift (CS), phase rotation on DMRS codewords.

[0065] like Figure 5A as well as Figure 5B As shown, for each multiplexing number (spreading factor, spreading factor) N SF PUCCH,4 The FD-OCC applied to PUCCH format 4 data (uplink control information (UCI)) is associated with an orthogonal sequence index. Figure 5A Indicates the case where the multiplexing number is 2. Figure 5B This shows the case where the multiplexing number is 4. By multiplying the data of PUCCH format 4 by the FD-OCC of the multiplexing number, data up to the multiplexing number is CDMed.

[0066] like Figure 5C As shown in FIG, the CS index of the DMRS applied to PUCCH format 4 is associated with the orthogonal sequence index. A CS based on the CS index is applied to the DMRS of PUCCH format 4, thereby CDMing the DMRS.

[0067] (FR)

[0068] In NR, the use of frequency bands up to 52.6 GHz is under study. In NR versions after Rel. 16, the use of frequency bands above 52.6 GHz is under study. The term "frequency band" can also be appropriately replaced with "frequency range (FR)."

[0069] Figure 6 This diagram shows an example of FR. FR4, for example, is 52.6 GHz to 114.25 GHz. In the existing Rel-15 NR frequency range, FR1 is 410 MHz to 7.152 GHz, and FR2 is equivalent to 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz. FR3, for example, is 7.152 GHz to 24.25 GHz. FR4 can also be referred to as FRx (where x is an arbitrary character string).

[0070] In frequency bands higher than 52.6 GHz, phase noise and propagation loss are expected to increase. Furthermore, there is the expected problem of high sensitivity to the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) and nonlinearity of the power amplifier (PA).

[0071] Therefore, at least one of a large (wide) subcarrier spacing (SCS) (i.e., a small number of FFT points), a single carrier waveform, a structure for reducing PAPR in a large SCS, and a narrow beam (i.e., a large number of beams) is required.

[0072] Taking the above into consideration, it is possible to use CP-OFDM and DFT-S-OFDM with a subcarrier spacing wider than Rel-15 NR in a frequency band higher than 52.6 GHz (or a waveform used above 52.6 GHz).

[0073] A large SCS results in at least one of a short symbol length, a short cyclic prefix (CP) length, and a short slot length. To maximize coverage and power amplification efficiency, a low PAPR DL control channel structure is preferred.

[0074] Furthermore, in Rel. 15, DL channels (eg, PDCCH, etc.) are designed based on an OFDM waveform, but in frequency bands higher than 52.6 GHz, studies are also being conducted on channel design based on a single carrier.

[0075] In high-frequency bands, it's unclear how base stations transmit CSI-RS. For example, it's unclear how to support multiple antenna ports for CSI-RS. If CSI-RS isn't properly transmitted at high frequencies, there's a concern that system performance could degrade.

[0076] Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have conceived of a structure and control method for a CSI-RS at a high frequency.

[0077] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The wireless communication methods according to the various embodiments may be applied individually or in combination of at least two.

[0078] In the present disclosure, antenna ports and CSI-RS ports may also be replaced with each other. In the present disclosure, DFT-s-OFDM and transform precoding may also be replaced with each other.

[0079] In the present disclosure, beams, quasi co-location (QCL) assumptions, QCL relationships, transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states, spatial domain filters, spatial domain receive filters, reference signals (RS), SS / PBCH blocks (SSBs), and CSI-RSs may also be replaced with one another.

[0080] In the present disclosure, channel / signal may also be replaced with at least one of channel and signal.

[0081] Each embodiment can also be applied to frequencies higher than a specific frequency (e.g., 7.125 GHz, 24.25 GHz, 52.6 GHz, etc.). In addition, each embodiment can be applied not only to FR4 (e.g., a specific frequency range higher than 52.6 GHz) but also to other FRs (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, etc.). FRx (x is any alphanumeric character) in the present disclosure can also be replaced with any FRx.

[0082] (Wireless Communication Method)

[0083] <Implementation Method 1>

[0084] CSI-RS Sequence

[0085] The CSI-RS sequence may also be defined by a low-Peak to Average Power Ratio (low PAPR) sequence. The UE may also assume that the CSI-RS sequence is defined by a low PAPR sequence.

[0086] The low PAPR sequence may be a Constant Amplitude Zero Auto Correlation (CAZAC) sequence, or a sequence based on the CAZAC sequence (eg, a computer-generated sequence (CGS)). The CGS may also be specified by a specification (eg, a table).

[0087] When the CSI-RS sequence length is less than M, the CSI-RS sequence may be a CGS sequence. When the CSI-RS sequence length is greater than M, the CSI-RS sequence may be a CAZAC sequence (e.g., a Zadoff-Chu sequence). For example, M may be 30. The length of the CAZAC sequence may be a prime number or a prime number -1.

[0088] By using low PAPR sequences in CSI-RS, cross-correlation can be reduced, thereby reducing inter-cell interference. By extending the length of low PAPR sequences, cross-correlation can be further reduced.

[0089] DFT-s-OFDM can also be applied to CSI-RS. The CSI-RS sequence can also be a pseudo-random (Pseudo-Noise (PN)) sequence, such as a Gold sequence, a Gold sequence of length 31, or an M sequence. The initial value c used to generate the pseudo-random sequence is init It may also be based on at least one of higher layer signaling and a cell ID. The CSI-RS sequence may also be an all-1 sequence.

[0090] At least one of offset quadrature phase shift keying (OQPSK), π / 2 shift binary phase shift keying (BPSK), and DFT-s-OFDM may be applied to the CSI-RS.

[0091] Even when a sequence other than a low PAPR sequence is used for the CSI-RS sequence, applying DFT-s-OFDM (transform precoding enabled) can reduce PAPR compared to applying CP-OFDM (transform precoding disabled).

[0092] Multiple Antenna Ports

[0093] For CSI-RS, multiple antenna ports may also be supported.

[0094] The antenna port (CSI-RS port) may be associated with at least one of the following resources 1 to 6.

[0095] ■ Resource 1: CS (index)

[0096] Multiple antenna ports are associated with different CSs, so that CSI-RSs of the multiple antenna ports are CDMed in the same time / frequency resources (eg, component resources).

[0097] Resource 2: FD-OCC (index)

[0098] Multiple antenna ports are associated with different FD-OCCs, so that the CSI-RSs of the multiple antenna ports are CDMed in the same time / frequency resources.

[0099] ■ Resource 3: TD-OCC (index)

[0100] Multiple antenna ports are associated with different TD-OCCs, so that the CSI-RSs of the multiple antenna ports are CDMed in the same time / frequency resources.

[0101] ■ Resource 4: Frequency Resource (RE Index)

[0102] Multiple antenna ports are associated with different frequency resources, so that CSI-RSs of the multiple antenna ports are FDMed.

[0103] Resource 5: Time resource (symbol index)

[0104] Multiple antenna ports are associated with different time resources, so that the CSI-RSs of the multiple antenna ports are time-divided. In the case where one CSI-RS is transmitted over multiple symbols, the CSI-RSs of the multiple antenna ports can also be time-divided.

[0105] ■ Resource 6: Spread Spectrum Code (Code Index)

[0106] Multiple antenna ports are associated with different spreading codes, so that the CSI-RSs of the multiple antenna ports are CDMed in the same time / frequency resources.

[0107] The association (mapping) between the antenna port index and at least one of resources 1 to 6 may be set by higher layer signaling or may be specified in the specification. By combining resources 1 to 6, the number of antenna ports can be further increased.

[0108] Multiple antenna ports can correspond to different layers (multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) layers) or different UEs. The number of antenna ports can be greater than the number of layers, greater than the number of UEs, or greater than the number of layers multiplied by the number of UEs. Multiple layers can also correspond to different antenna ports. Multiple UEs can also correspond to different antenna ports.

[0109] The CSI-RS resource including at least one of resources 1 to 6 may be associated with at least one of an antenna port and an antenna port group (antenna port group).

[0110] [Specific example of resource 1]

[0111] Multiple antenna ports can also be associated with different CSs. Figure 7A As shown, let the CSI-RS sequence length be 72, let the CSI-RS sequence be [X0,X1,…,X 71 ]. The α as CS can also be based on the CS index. Figure 7B As shown, ports #0, #1, #2, and #3 may also be associated with CS indices 0, 2, 4, and 6 (CS α0, α2, α4, and α6), respectively. DFT-s-OFDM may also be applied to the cyclically shifted CSI-RS sequence.

[0112] The number of CSs associated with multiple antenna ports (the number of CSs for multiple antenna ports supporting CSI-RS) can also be fixed. The number of CSs associated with multiple antenna ports can also be, for example, the number of REs per PRB (e.g., 12). In this case, orthogonality and quality can be improved.

[0113] The number of CSs associated with multiple antenna ports may be the same as the overall sequence length (e.g., CSI-RS bandwidth, number of REs used for CSI-RS (number of REs per PRB × number of PRBs used for CSI-RS)). In this case, multiplexing capacity can be increased.

[0114] The number of CSs associated with multiple antenna ports may also depend on the CSI-RS bandwidth (eg, the number of PRBs or REs used for CSI-RS). Figure 8A As shown in FIG, the association between the CSI-RS bandwidth (CSI-RS sequence length) and the number of CSs associated with multiple antenna ports (e.g., a table) can be specified in the specification, or can be set or updated through high-layer signaling. For example, when the CSI-RS bandwidth is 24 to 57 REs, as shown in FIG. Figure 8BAs shown, the 24 CSs can also be associated with different antenna ports. In this case, orthogonality and quality can be improved. In the case of a wide CSI-RS bandwidth, multiplexing capacity can be increased.

[0115] By expanding the CSI-RS bandwidth, the number of CSs and antenna ports can be increased, making it possible to measure a channel in a wide frequency band.

[0116] [Specific example of resource 2]

[0117] Multiple antenna ports can also be associated with different FD-OCCs. The FD-OCC length can also be equal to the CSI-RS sequence length.

[0118] For example, Figure 9A As shown, let the CSI-RS sequence length and FD-OCC length be 72, let the CSI-RS sequence be [X0, X1, ..., X 71 ], let FD-OCC be [M0,M1,…,M 71 Alternatively, the FD-OCC may be multiplied by the CSI-RS sequence in units of REs. Alternatively, the CSI-RSs of multiple antenna ports may be multiplied by different FD-OCCs, thereby performing CDM on these CSI-RSs.

[0119] like Figure 9B As shown, the FD-OCC index and the association of the FD-OCC (eg, a table) may be specified in the specification, and may also be set or updated through higher layer signaling.

[0120] DFT-s-OFDM may be applied to the CSI-RS sequence multiplied by FD-OCC for each RE.

[0121] The FD-OCC index and the association of FD-OCCs (e.g., a table) may also be specified in the specification for each parameter related to the CSI-RS sequence length, CSI-RS bandwidth, or FD-OCC length. For example, a table for each CSI-RS bandwidth (e.g., 4PRBs, 6PRBs, 10PRBs, etc.) may also be specified in the specification. The UE may also determine which table to use based on parameters set via higher-layer signaling.

[0122] [Specific example of resource 4 / 5]

[0123] Multiple antenna ports may also be associated with at least one of different frequency resources and different time resources. CSI-RSs corresponding to multiple antenna ports or a group of multiple antenna ports may also be multiplexed using at least one of FDM and TDM.

[0124] exist Figure 10A 、 Figure 10B、 Figure 11 In the example, the CSI-RSs of ports #0 to #3 may be CDMed using different CSs in one time and frequency resource. The CSI-RSs of ports #4 to #7 may be CDMed using different CSs in other time and frequency resources.

[0125] The CSI-RS corresponding to multiple antenna ports can also be FDMed. Figure 10A As shown, the CSI-RSs of ports #0 to #3 and the CSI-RSs of ports #4 to #7 can also be FDMed.

[0126] The CSI-RS corresponding to multiple antenna ports can also be FDMed as well as TDMed. Figure 10B As shown, the CSI-RSs of ports #0 to #3 and the CSI-RSs of ports #4 to #7 may also be FDMed and TDMed. The CSI-RSs of ports #0 to #3 and the CSI-RSs of ports #4 to #7 may not be mapped to consecutive symbols.

[0127] The CSI-RS corresponding to multiple antenna ports can also be TDMed. Figure 11 As shown, the CSI-RSs of ports #0 to #3 and the CSI-RSs of ports #4 to #7 may also be TDMed. The CSI-RSs of ports #0 to #3 and the CSI-RSs of ports #4 to #7 may not be mapped to consecutive symbols.

[0128] [Specific example of resource 3]

[0129] Multiple antenna ports can also be associated with different TD-OCCs. The length of the TD-OCC can also be equal to the number of CSI-RS symbols.

[0130] For example, Figure 12A As shown, assume the number of CSI-RS symbols and the TD-OCC length are 2, and the TD-OCC is [M0, M1]. Alternatively, the TD-OCC can be multiplied by the CSI-RS on a symbol-by-symbol basis. The CSI-RS sequence for each symbol can be the same or different. Alternatively, the CSI-RSs for multiple antenna ports can be multiplied by different TD-OCCs, thereby performing CDM.

[0131] like Figure 12B As shown, the TD-OCC index and the association of TD-OCC (eg, table) may be specified in the specification, and may also be set or updated through higher layer signaling.

[0132] CSI-RS and TD-OCC can also be mapped to consecutive symbols. In this case, the TD-OCC length can also be equal to the CSI-RS time length (number of symbols). CSI-RS and TD-OCC can also be mapped to discontinuous symbols. In this case, the TD-OCC length can also be equal to the number of CSI-RS symbols.

[0133] The CSI-RS associated with each port may be a low PAPR sequence having a sequence length corresponding to the bandwidth (number of REs).

[0134] DFT-s-OFDM may be applied to the CSI-RS sequence multiplied by TD-OCC for each symbol.

[0135] The TD-OCC index and its association (e.g., table) may also be specified in the specification for each parameter related to the TD-OCC length (number of symbols) or the number of CSI-RS symbols (time length). For example, a table for each number of CSI-RS symbols may also be specified in the specification. The UE may also determine which table to use based on parameters set by higher-layer signaling.

[0136] Since the symbol length is reduced due to the expansion of the SCS, TD-OCC preferably supports multiple antenna ports for CSI-RS.

[0137] Multiple TD-OCC lengths (e.g., 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, etc.) associated with multiple SCSs may also be specified in the specification. Figure 13 As shown, one (no CDM) TD-OCC length may be associated with the 15 kHz SCS, and more than one TD-OCC length may be associated with the 960 kHz SCS. The UE may also select a TD-OCC length that depends on the configured CSI-RS resource (e.g., at least one of the CSI-RS SCS and the number of CSI-RS symbols (time length)).

[0138] If the SCS becomes larger and the symbol length becomes shorter, the signal fluctuation caused by movement becomes smaller, so even if the number of CSI-RS symbols and the TD-OCC length are increased, the orthogonality of TD-OCC can be maintained.

[0139] [Variation of Resource 1]

[0140] CS can also be applied in the time domain.

[0141] When symbol-level (per symbol) sequence hopping is applied to the CSI-RS sequence, the same sequence (e.g., base sequence) may be applied to all symbols to which CS is applied (sequence hopping may also be stopped for all symbols to which CS is applied). For example, the sequence of all symbols to which CS is applied may follow the sequence of the initial symbol. All symbols to which CS is applied may be all CSI-RS symbols or a portion of CSI-RS symbols.

[0142] For example, Figure 14 As shown, it is also possible to apply CSI-RS over 12 symbols. Figure 7B In other words, similar to the multiplication of TD-OCC, the CSI-RS of 12 symbols can be multiplied by the sequence [exp(jα·0), exp(jα·1), …, exp(jα·11)] (an orthogonal sequence based on α) representing the CS in symbol units.

[0143] The UE may be configured with a CSI-RS resource including a CS index for determining CS(α) through higher layer signaling.

[0144] The CSI-RS may be mapped to multiple consecutive symbols or to multiple discontinuous symbols.

[0145] The number of CSs associated with multiple antenna ports (the number of CSs for multiple antenna ports supporting CSI-RS) may be fixed (for example, 2, 4, 8, etc.) In this case, orthogonality and quality can be improved.

[0146] The number of CSs associated with multiple antenna ports may be the same as the number of symbols (time length) of the entire CSI-RS. In this case, the multiplexing capacity can be increased.

[0147] The number of CSs associated with multiple antenna ports may also depend on the number of CSI-RS symbols (time length). Figure 15 As shown, the association between the number of CSI-RS symbols and the number of CSs associated with multiple antenna ports (e.g., a table) can be specified in the specification or set or updated through higher-layer signaling. In this case, orthogonality and quality can be improved. In addition, the greater the number of CSI-RS symbols, the greater the multiplexing capacity.

[0148] [Specific example of resource 6]

[0149] Multiple antenna ports can also be associated with different spreading codes. Figure 16As shown, the base station may also select a spreading code from a spreading code set (e.g., codes A, B, C, D) and notify the UE of the selected spreading code (e.g., code A). The base station sends a signal obtained by spreading the CSI-RS using the spreading code (multiplying the CSI-RS by the spreading code). The UE may also receive signals corresponding to multiple spreading codes and measure the CSI-RS obtained by despreading the received signal using the notified spreading code (multiplying the CSI-RS in the received signal by the same spreading code). The base station and the UE may also multiply the spreading code by each time shorter than the code element. The UE may be notified of one of multiple candidates (spreading code set) for the spreading code, or may generate a spreading code based on UE-specific parameters (e.g., UE index).

[0150] like Figure 17 As shown, the UE despreads using the same spreading code as the one used by the base station, increasing the power spectral density of the CSI-RS corresponding to the spreading code, enabling CSI-RS measurement. The UE can treat received signals using spreading codes other than the one used for the UE as noise.

[0151] The spreading code may be a PN sequence, an orthogonal variable spreading factor (OVSF) code, or a code having {0, 1} or {-1, 1} as elements.

[0152] SCS

[0153] The CSI-RS may also have an SCS that is m times larger than a specific type of channel / signal. The specific type of channel / signal may be, for example, at least one of PDSCH, PDCCH, DMRS of PDSCH, and DMRS of PDCCH. m may also be 2 n m or n can be set through higher layer signaling or specified in the specification.

[0154] For example, Figure 18A as well as Figure 18B As shown, by increasing the SCS from X to 2X, the symbol length is shortened, and the CSI-RS time can be shortened.

[0155] For example, Figure 18CAs shown, when the SCS is 2X, by performing TDM on one CSI-RS#1 and #2, different beams can be applied to CSI-RS#1 and CSI-RS#2 within a limited time. For example, analog beamforming can also be used for CSI-RS#1 and CSI-RS#2 so that different beams are applied over time. CSI-RS#1 and CSI-RS#2 can also have different QCL type D relationships (and can also be associated with different beams (RS)). The UE can measure two beams within the time corresponding to one code element of a specific type of channel / signal. By making the SCS of the CSI-RS larger, the time of the CSI-RS can be suppressed even when the number of beams increases.

[0156] By increasing the SCS of the CSI-RS and widening the CSI-RS band, the UE can measure a wider band.

[0157] During the switching of SCS, the UE may not need to perform at least one of sending, receiving, decoding, and monitoring of the channel / signal.

[0158] like Figure 19A As shown, the SCS switching period can also be within the period of a specific type of channel / signal. In this case, the measurement accuracy of the CSI-RS can be maintained.

[0159] like Figure 19B As shown, the SCS switching period can also be within the CSI-RS period. In this case, the quality of a specific type of channel / signal can be maintained.

[0160] like Figure 20 As shown, the association (e.g., a table) between the SCS of the CSI-RS or the SCS of a specific type of channel / signal and the SCS switching time length can be specified in the specification or determined by the UE based on higher-layer signaling or UE capabilities. A table indicating the association between the SCS of the CSI-RS or the SCS of a specific type of channel / signal and the SCS switching time length can also be specified in the specification for each parameter of at least one of higher-layer signaling and UE capabilities. The UE can also select one of multiple tables based on at least one of higher-layer signaling and UE capabilities.

[0161] When SCS switching (change) is set (instructed), the UE may also expect that no channel / signal will be scheduled during a specific time length immediately before or after the CSI-RS. The specific time length may also be the SCS switching time length.

[0162] comb

[0163] CSI-RS resources may also be FDMed using a comb configuration. CSI-RS may also be mapped in the frequency domain using a comb configuration.

[0164] The comb density can be set either through higher layer signaling or specified in the specification.

[0165] Frequency resource indices (comb index, comb value, such as comb#1, comb#2, etc.) may also be set through higher layer signaling. The association (mapping) of multiple frequency resource indices with different antenna ports may also be specified in the specification.

[0166] The CSI-RS sequence can also be mapped to the RE used for transmission. Figure 21A As shown in , when the comb density is 1, CSI-RS is mapped to consecutive PRBs. Figure 21B As shown in , when the comb density is 2, for every 2 REs, CSI-RS is mapped to one RE. Figure 21C As shown in FIG, when the comb density is 3, for every 3 REs, CSI-RS is mapped to one RE. Figure 21D As shown in FIG, when the comb density is 4, for every 4 REs, CSI-RS is mapped to one RE. Figure 21E As shown in FIG, when the comb density is 6, for every 6 REs, CSI-RS is mapped to one RE. Figure 21F As shown in FIG, when the comb density is 12, the CSI-RS is mapped to one RE for every 12 REs.

[0167] The CSI-RS sequence punctured to match the comb may also be mapped to REs for transmission.

[0168] By using a low PAPR sequence and comb for CSI-RS, the CSI-RS band can be expanded while maintaining a low PAPR.

[0169] According to this embodiment, the UE can properly receive CSI-RSs of multiple antenna ports. By using CSI-RSs with low PAPR sequences, interference can be suppressed and the accuracy of CSI measurement can be improved.

[0170] <Implementation Method 2>

[0171] Even when the CSI-RS sequence is a low PAPR sequence, it is considered that FDM of multiple CSI-RSs will cause a high PAPR.

[0172] For example, as mentioned above Figure 10AAs shown, the PAPR of the low PAPR sequence CSI-RS associated with ports #0 to #3 and the low PAPR sequence CSI-RS associated with ports #4 to #7 when FDMed becomes higher than the PAPR of each CSI-RS.

[0173] The CSI-RS may also be transmitted according to at least one of the following CSI-RS transmission methods 1 and 2.

[0174] CSI-RS Transmission Method 1

[0175] Multiple transmitters used for DL ​​transmission can also transmit CSI-RS simultaneously. Transmitters, transceivers, transmission / reception points (TRPs), high-frequency (RF) units (circuits), panels, antenna panels, antenna port groups, RS port groups, and CORESET groups can also be interchangeable. A single cell can also be covered using multiple TRPs.

[0176] For example, Figure 22 As shown, TRP#1 can send CSI-RS#1 of ports#0~#3 (antenna port group#1), and TRP#2 can also send CSI-RS#1 of ports#4~#7 (antenna port group#2). Figure 10A As shown, the CSI-RS of antenna port group #1 and the CSI-RS of antenna port group #2 can also be FDMed. The UE can also receive the CSI-RS of antenna port group #1 and the CSI-RS of antenna port group #2 in one symbol.

[0177] The CSI-RS resources for the first antenna port group and the CSI-RS resources for the second antenna port group can also be set independently. The CSI-RS for the first antenna port group and the CSI-RS for the second antenna port group may have different phases from each other, or may not have a QCL relationship (or may be associated with different QCL parameters). The QCL parameter may also be an RS for QCL (for example, an RS index, a resource index, etc.). The CSI-RSs of multiple antenna ports within an antenna port group may also have a QCL relationship (or may be associated with the same QCL parameter). The UE may also be set with at least one of a QCL parameter and a TCI state for each of at least one of the antenna port, antenna port group, and CSI-RS resource.

[0178] The TCI states of a plurality of PDSCHs associated with different antenna port groups may indicate different CSI-RS resources.

[0179] For example, Figure 23A As shown, TRP#1 may also transmit low PAPR sequences X0, X1, ..., X associated with ports #0 to #3. 47 Mapped to CSI-RS of 4PRB (48RE). Figure 23B As shown, TRP#2 may also transmit low PAPR sequences X0, X1, ..., X associated with ports #4 to #7. 47 The CSI-RS of the other 4PRBs (48REs) mapped to the same codeword.

[0180] CSI-RS Transmission Method 2

[0181] One CSI-RS for at least one of multiple UEs and multiple antenna ports may be transmitted per specific type of band. The specific type of band may also be replaced with a partial band (bandwidth part (BWP)), component carrier (CC), system band, etc.

[0182] A CSI-RS can also be transmitted in one symbol on a serving cell. A CSI-RS can also be transmitted by one transmitter. A CSI-RS can also be transmitted cell-specifically. The CSI-RS resource configured for a UE can also be UE-specific.

[0183] CSI-RS can also be mapped using comb.

[0184] The width (CSI-RS transmission bandwidth, CSI-RS sequence length) of the transmitted CSI-RS band (CSI-RS transmission band) may be larger than the width (CSI-RS resource bandwidth) of the CSI-RS resource band (CSI-RS resource band, CSI-RS measurement band, CSI-RS configuration band) configured for at least one of measurement and reporting. The CSI-RS transmission band may also include the CSI-RS resource band.

[0185] For example, Figure 24 As shown, a CSI-RS having a low PAPR sequence of sequence length M may be mapped to the entire BWP (CSI-RS transmission band) and transmitted. For at least one of measurement and reporting, the UE may be configured with CSI-RS resources in a band (CSI-RS resource band) that is a portion of the BWP.

[0186] The CSI-RS transmission band (CSI-RS transmission bandwidth, CSI-RS sequence length) and the CSI-RS resources used for at least one of measurement and reporting may also be independently configured. The CSI-RS transmission band (CSI-RS transmission bandwidth, CSI-RS sequence length) may not be configured. For example, the CSI-RS transmission bandwidth may be the width of the band (BWP or system band).

[0187] The UE can also be configured with multiple CSI-RS resources corresponding to multiple antenna ports. Multiple CSI-RS resources can also have different CSI-RS resource bands for the same symbol. This improves frequency utilization efficiency, similar to FDM with multiple CSI-RSs.

[0188] By transmitting a single CSI-RS sequence across the entire CSI-RS transmission band, the PAPR can be suppressed to a low level. While maintaining phase continuity is difficult when two CSI-RSs are transmitted by different transmitters, as in CSI-RS transmission method 1, by transmitting a single CSI-RS across the entire CSI-RS transmission band, as in this CSI-RS transmission method 2, phase continuity is maintained across multiple CSI-RS resource bands within the CSI-RS transmission band.

[0189] By transmitting CSI-RS across a frequency band wider than the CSI-RS resource, the CSI-RS sequence can be lengthened, the number of CSI-RS that can be multiplexed in the same symbol and the same band can be increased, and the cross-correlation between the multiplexed CSI-RS can be suppressed to a low level.

[0190] like Figure 25 As shown, CDM (CDM index) can also be applied to the entire CSI-RS transmission band. CDM can also be at least one of OCC (at least one of FD-OCC and TD-OCC) and CS. The CDM index can also be replaced with an orthogonal index, sequence index, OCC index, CS index, etc. The UE can also set a CDM index for the CSI-RS transmission band. The UE can also receive CSI-RS for the entire CSI-RS transmission band.

[0191] The CSI-RS transmission bandwidth may be determined based on the length of the CDM sequence (at least one of the low PAPR sequence and the OCC). The length of the CDM sequence may be determined based on the CSI-RS transmission bandwidth.

[0192] The UE may also measure CSI in the CSI-RS resource band. Even in this case, CDM may be applied to the entire CSI-RS transmission band to maintain the orthogonality of the CSI-RS sequence.

[0193] The UE can also measure the entire CSI-RS transmission band and use the configured CDM index to separate the received signals of each antenna port. The UE can also obtain CSI for the entire CSI-RS transmission band.

[0194] The UE may also measure CSI only in CSI-RS resources in order to measure at least one of: measuring, reporting, CSI reporting, layer 1 (L1)-reference signal received power (RSRP), L1-signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR), interference, CSI feedback, and L3-RSRP.

[0195] like Figure 26 As shown, the UE may also apply CDM in the CSI-RS resource band.

[0196] The CSI-RS resource bandwidth may also be determined based on the length of the CDM sequence (at least one of the low PAPR sequence and the OCC). The length of the CDM sequence may also be determined based on the CSI-RS transmission resource width.

[0197] CDM indexes can also be applied to CSI-RS resource bands. A CDM index can also be set for a CSI-RS resource band. The UE can also receive CSI-RS for only the CSI-RS resource band. By receiving CSI-RS for only the CSI-RS resource band, the UE receives a narrower band than when receiving CSI-RS for the entire CSI-RS transmission band, thereby reducing power consumption (potentially saving UE battery).

[0198] like Figure 27 As shown, the CSI-RS resource band may also hop (frequency hop) at at least one of the symbol level and the slot level. The hopping function for the CSI-RS resource band may also include at least one of the symbol index, the slot index, and the UE index (e.g., RNTI). In other words, the CSI-RS resource band may also be based on at least one of the symbol index, the slot index, and the UE index (e.g., RNTI).

[0199] The CSI-RS resource may also be spread over multiple non-contiguous symbols. The CSI-RS resource band is a part of the CSI-RS transmission band and may also be hopped based on the symbol index.

[0200] In this case, the UE can measure a wide measurement bandwidth.

[0201] According to this embodiment, the UE can measure CSI-RS resources of multiple antenna ports in the same symbol, thereby improving frequency utilization efficiency.

[0202] <Implementation Method 3>

[0203] In the aforementioned Figure 24 In the case where the UE monitors a bandwidth wider than the CSI-RS resource bandwidth (eg, CSI-RS transmission bandwidth), a large amount of power is consumed in CSI-RS monitoring.

[0204] The CSI-RS transmission band can also be part of a specific type of band. The CSI-RS transmission band can also hop within a specific type of band. The specific type of band can also be replaced by a BWP, CC, system band, etc.

[0205] like Figure 28 As shown, the CSI-RS transmission band may also hop (frequency hop) at at least one of the symbol level and the slot level. The hopping function for the CSI-RS transmission band may also include at least one of the symbol index, the slot index, and the UE index (e.g., RNTI). In other words, the CSI-RS resource band may also be based on at least one of the symbol index, the slot index, and the UE index (e.g., RNTI).

[0206] The CSI-RS resource band may be the entire CSI-RS transmission band or a portion of the CSI-RS transmission band. The CSI-RS resource band may also hop at least one of the symbol level and the slot level.

[0207] The CSI-RS transmission band is a part of a specific type of band, and thus the power consumption of the UE can be reduced compared to a case where the CSI-RS transmission band is the entire specific type of band.

[0208] In the case where the CSI-RS resource band is included in the CSI-RS transmission band (e.g. Figure 29 In case A), the UE may also measure the CSI in the CSI-RS resource band and report the CSI.

[0209] In the case where the CSI-RS resource band and the CSI-RS transmission band partially overlap (for example Figure 29In case B), the UE may measure and report CSI in the portion of the CSI-RS resource band that overlaps with the CSI-RS transmission band. If the CSI-RS resource band and the CSI-RS transmission band partially overlap, the UE may measure and report CSI in the entire CSI-RS transmission band. If the CSI-RS resource band and the CSI-RS transmission band partially overlap, the UE may not measure CSI and may discard CSI reporting (or may not perform it).

[0210] When the CSI-RS resource band does not overlap with the CSI-RS transmission band (e.g. Figure 29 In case C), the UE may measure and report CSI in the entire CSI-RS transmission band. If the CSI-RS resource band partially overlaps with the CSI-RS transmission band, the UE may not measure CSI and discard CSI reporting (or may not perform it).

[0211] According to this embodiment, the UE receives the CSI-RS in a part of the band, and thus power consumption can be suppressed (the battery of the UE can be saved).

[0212] <Implementation Method 4>

[0213] Data and CSI-RS may also be multiplexed. Data may also be replaced with data carried by PDSCH.

[0214] Data and CSI-RS may be multiplexed according to one of multiplexing methods 1 and 2 described later.

[0215] The UE may also be configured (switched) to use one of the multiplexing methods 1 and 2 through higher layer signaling.

[0216] When multiplexing method 1 is set, the UE may also assume that the CSI-RS is a low PAPR sequence. When multiplexing method 2 is set, the UE may also assume that the CSI-RS is a Rel. 15 sequence (eg, a pseudo-random sequence).

[0217] Reuse Method 1

[0218] Data and CSI-RS can also be TDMed.

[0219] When the CSI-RS sequence is a low PAPR sequence, FDM of data and CSI-RS may result in a large PAPR. However, by performing TDM on data and CSI-RS, the PAPR of CSI-RS can be suppressed to a low level.

[0220] The UE may configure at least one of the CSI-RS and the PDSCH according to one of the following configuration methods 1 and 2.

[0221] [Setting method 1]

[0222] The UE may not expect the CSI-RS and PDSCH to be configured in the same OFDM symbol. The UE may not expect the CSI-RS and PDCCH to be configured in the same symbol. The UE may not expect the CSI-RS and PDSCH DMRS to be configured in the same OFDM symbol. The UE may not expect the CSI-RS and PDCCH DMRS to be configured in the same symbol.

[0223] [Setting method 2]

[0224] If the CSI-RS and a specific type of DL transmission (channel / signal) are configured for the same OFDM symbol, the UE may not need to monitor or measure the CSI-RS on the OFDM. If the CSI-RS and a specific type of DL transmission are configured for the same OFDM symbol, the UE may not need to monitor or measure all CSI-RS resources where at least one OFDM symbol is overlapped. If the CSI-RS and a specific type of DL transmission are configured for the same OFDM symbol, the UE may not need to perform at least one of monitoring, measuring, decoding, and demodulating the specific type of DL transmission on the OFDM symbol. If the CSI-RS and a specific type of DL transmission are configured for the same OFDM symbol, the UE may not need to perform at least one of monitoring, measuring, decoding, and demodulating the specific type of DL transmission where at least one OFDM symbol is overlapped.

[0225] The time domain position of the CSI-RS may also be different from that of the CSI-RS in Rel. 15. The CSI-RS may also be located only before or after the PDSCH symbol. The CSI-RS may not be inserted into the PDSCH.

[0226] like Figure 30 As shown, in a time slot, the CSI-RS can also be configured after the PDSCH. For example, the UE can also assume that the CSI-RS is configured (indicated, activated) in the last N codewords of a certain period. The period can also be a time slot, subslot, or subframe. The UE can also set N (for example, 4).

[0227] In FR4, if it is assumed that a plurality of time slots are aggregated or repeated, the restriction on the last N symbols may be insufficient.

[0228] The UE may also assume that the CSI-RS is configured (indicated, activated) in the first N symbols or the last N symbols of M periods. A period may also be a slot, subslot, or subframe. A PDSCH may be transmitted over M periods or M times.

[0229] For example, Figure 31 As shown, in the case of a PDSCH scheduled over four slots, the UE may also assume that the CSI-RS in the last four symbols (N=4) of the last slot (M=1) is configured (indicated, activated).

[0230] Reuse Method 2

[0231] Data and CSI-RS may be multiplexed using at least one of TDM and FDM.

[0232] Data and CSI-RS can also be transmitted via different transmitters, allowing them to be FDMed. In this case, the PAPR of the CSI-RS can be suppressed to a low level. FDMing data and CSI-RS improves frequency utilization efficiency. Since the channels (paths) and phases differ between data and CSI-RS, it is difficult to use channel measurement results based on the data and FDMed CSI-RS for data demodulation.

[0233] The CSI-RS may be mapped according to one of the following mapping methods 1 and 2.

[0234] [Mapping method 1]

[0235] DFT-s-OFDM may also be applied after CSI-RS mapping. CSI-RS mapping may also be the same as the aforementioned Rel.15 CSI-RS.

[0236] For example, Figure 32 As shown, a CSI-RS sequence may be mapped to a PDSCH, and DFT-s-OFDM may be applied to the resulting signal. The CSI-RS may be a high PAPR sequence (eg, a pseudo-random sequence) or a low PAPR sequence.

[0237] By applying DFT-s-OFDM, PAPR can be suppressed.

[0238] [Mapping method 2]

[0239] CSI-RS can also be mapped in the time domain before DFT.

[0240] like Figure 33As shown, the CSI-RS sequence can also be mapped in the time domain and subjected to an M-point DFT. The output of the M-point DFT (frequency domain) can also be mapped to M subcarriers among N subcarriers (subcarrier mapping) and subjected to an N-point IDFT. The output of the N-point IDFT (time domain) can also be parallel / serial (P / S) converted and transmitted with a guard interval appended.

[0241] The CSI-RS sequence may be a low PAPR sequence, a pseudo-random sequence, or other sequences.

[0242] like Figure 34A As shown in , CSI-RS samples can also be inserted into the samples of data in the time domain. Figure 34B As shown, the data inserted into the CSI-RS can also be input into the M-point DFT and compared with Figure 33 The same is sent.

[0243] According to this embodiment, data and CSI-RS can be appropriately multiplexed.

[0244] <Implementation Method 5>

[0245] The low PAPR sequence of the CSI-RS may be configured similarly to the sequence of the sounding reference signal (SRS). The low PAPR sequence of the CSI-RS may be configured similarly to the sequence of the SRS.

[0246] At least one of the following mechanisms (SRS structure, SRS resources) for SRS may also be used for CSI-RS.

[0247] ■Sequence generation (e.g., low PAPR sequence generation)

[0248] Resource allocation

[0249] ■Sequence jump

[0250] Frequency hopping

[0251] The number of antenna ports for CSI-RS may also be limited by a maximum number P. P may also be less than the maximum number of antenna ports for CSI-RS or SRS in Rel.15. P may be greater than the maximum number of antenna ports for SRS, greater than the maximum number of antenna ports for SRS in Rel.15, or greater than the maximum number of antenna ports for CSI-RS in Rel.15.

[0252] At a frequency higher than a specific frequency (e.g., FR4), at least one parameter among the maximum number of antenna ports for CSI-RS, the maximum number of MIMO layers, and the maximum number of multiplexed UEs may be smaller or larger than the parameters at a frequency lower than the specific frequency (e.g., FR1).

[0253] The CSI-RS resources including the CSI-RS sequence may also be configured or determined in a cell-specific manner.

[0254] The CSI-RS resources including the CSI-RS sequence may also be configured or determined specifically for the UE.

[0255] At least one of measurement and reporting may also be supported for at least one of periodic (P)-CSI-RS, semi-persistent (SP)-CSI-RS, and aperiodic (A)-CSI-RS.

[0256] The cell-specific CSI-RS transmission power may be set or determined based on a ratio relative to a specific type of DL transmission. The specific type of DL transmission may be, for example, one of SSB, PDCCH, and PDSCH.

[0257] The transmission power of the UE-specific CSI-RS may also be determined based on the transmission power control of the SRS. In this case, the performance for the UE at the cell end can be improved.

[0258] To determine the transmit power of a UE-specific CSI-RS, the UE may also measure and report path loss. To allow the base station to estimate the path loss used to determine the transmit power of the UE-specific CSI-RS, the UE may also transmit an RS (e.g., an SRS). This RS may also be referred to as a path loss measurement UL RS, etc.

[0259] According to this embodiment, CSI-RS resources are determined based on SRS resources, thereby simplifying implementation.

[0260] <Implementation Method 6>

[0261] It is also possible to support both low PAPR sequences and high PAPR sequences (for example, Rel. 15 CSI-RS sequences and pseudo-random sequences) and use them for CSI-RS.

[0262] The CSI-RS sequence may be configured using at least one of the following configuration methods 1 and 2.

[0263] 《Setting Method 1》

[0264] The UE may also be explicitly configured, indicated, or activated as a low PAPR sequence or a high PAPR sequence for the CSI-RS based on at least one of higher layer signaling, MAC CE, and DCI.

[0265] Setting Method 2

[0266] The UE may also be implicitly configured, indicated, or activated with respect to the CSI-RS based on at least one of higher layer signaling, MAC CE, and DCI.

[0267] When CP-OFDM is configured or applied for specific channel / signal types, the UE can also monitor or measure CSI-RS of high PAPR sequences. Specific channel / signal types can be either PDSCH or PDCCH. The PAPR of a CP-OFDM waveform can also be higher than the PAPR of a DFT-s-OFDM waveform.

[0268] When DFT-s-OFDM is configured or applied for specific channel / signal types, the UE can also monitor or measure CSI-RS of low PAPR sequences. The PAPR of a DFT-s-OFDM waveform can also be lower than the PAPR of a CP-OFDM waveform.

[0269] According to this embodiment, an appropriate CSI-RS sequence can be used.

[0270] <Implementation Method 7>

[0271] It can also support more codewords than the CSI-RS of Rel.15.

[0272] When the SCS becomes larger and the symbol length becomes shorter, the number of symbols mapped with the CSI-RS may also increase.

[0273] A CSI-RS resource may also span multiple periods. A UE may also receive a CSI-RS over multiple periods. A period may also be a time slot, a subslot, or a subframe. For example, a CSI-RS resource may span multiple time slots.

[0274] TD-OCC can also be applied to CSI-RS over multiple periods. For example, TD-OCC can also be applied over multiple time slots.

[0275] like Figure 35A As shown, the UE may also receive one CSI-RS using a low PAPR sequence over two time slots. The time domain position and frequency domain position in each time slot may also be the same.

[0276] like Figure 35BAs shown, the UE can also receive one CSI-RS using a high PAPR sequence (Rel.15 CSI-RS sequence) over two time slots. The time domain position and frequency domain position in each time slot can also be the same as the Rel.15 CSI-RS.

[0277] The CSI-RS (at least one of the CSI-RS resource, CSI-RS sequence, and CSI-RS position) within a slot may be repeated across multiple slots. TD-OCC may also be applied within a slot (or each slot). In this case, the CSI-RS across a single slot and the CSI-RS across multiple slots are multiplied by different TD-OCCs across a single slot, thereby performing CDM.

[0278] CSI-RS sequences may also be generated across multiple time slots. CSI-RS sequences may also differ between time slots and at least one of symbols. TD-OCC may also be applied across multiple time slots. In this case, CSI-RSs across multiple time slots and CSI-RSs across the same multiple time slots are multiplied by different TD-OCCs across the same multiple time slots, thereby performing CDM.

[0279] By mapping the CSI-RS across multiple symbols or slots, the CSI-RS sequence length can be extended, increasing the number of multiplexed CSI-RSs. By multiplying the CSI-RS by a TD-OCC across multiple symbols or slots, the TD-OCC length can be extended, increasing the number of multiplexed CSI-RSs.

[0280] According to this embodiment, one CSI-RS is mapped to more symbols, thereby improving measurement accuracy.

[0281] <Other Implementation Methods>

[0282] At frequencies higher than a specific frequency (e.g., 7.125 GHz, 24.25 GHz, 52.6 GHz, etc.) (e.g., at least one of FR2, FR3, and FR4), both low-PAPR sequences and Rel.15 CSI-RS sequences (pseudo-random sequences and high-PAPR sequences) can be supported and used for CSI-RS. The UE can also configure, through higher-layer signaling, whether to use a low-PAPR sequence or a high-PAPR sequence for CSI-RS.

[0283] A base station with specific functions may also transmit a CSI-RS based on a CSI-RS sequence of Rel.15.

[0284] At frequencies higher than the specific frequency, only low PAPR sequences may be supported for CSI-RS. At frequencies higher than the specific frequency, the UE may not expect to receive CSI-RS with a Rel. 15 CSI-RS sequence.

[0285] The UE may also report at least one of the following information related to support of CSI-RS of low PAPR sequences as part of UE capabilities.

[0286] ■Whether CSI-RS with low PAPR sequence is supported

[0287] ■Maximum number of antenna ports

[0288] ■Multiple antenna port multiplexing method (parameters related to at least one of TDM, FDM, CDM (OCC, CS, etc.), and TRP)

[0289] CSI-RS density (density of at least one of time, frequency, and CS)

[0290] The CSI-RS may be either a non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS or a zero power (ZP) CSI-RS. The aforementioned embodiments may also be applied only to the NZP-CSI-RS.

[0291] The ZP-CSI-RS of Rel. 15 may be applied to the ZP-CSI-RS at a frequency higher than the specific frequency. The ZP-CSI-RS does not cause the problem of PAPR.

[0292] A CSI-RS with a low PAPR sequence can also be applied to a ZP-CSI-RS at a frequency higher than a specific frequency. Using the same method for CSI-RS mapping and the like for NZP-CSI-RS and ZP-CSI-RS simplifies UE processing.

[0293] When a low-PAPR CSI-RS sequence is configured or applied to the NZP-CSI-RS, resources used for low-PAPR CSI-RS sequences can also be applied to the ZP-CSI-RS. The same method is used for CSI-RS mapping, etc. for both the NZP-CSI-RS and the ZP-CSI-RS, simplifying UE processing. Even when a low-PAPR CSI-RS sequence is not configured or applied to the NZP-CSI-RS, the Rel.15 ZP-CSI-RS can still be applied.

[0294] In the present disclosure, the terms "a frequency higher than a specific frequency (e.g., FR4), a specific subcarrier spacing, and a specific subcarrier spacing set in a specific cell may be interchanged. Furthermore, the specific subcarrier spacing may be a subcarrier spacing greater than a specific value (e.g., 120 kHz), or a subcarrier spacing where the parameter μ corresponding to the parameter set is greater than a specific value (e.g., 3).

[0295] A frequency range (e.g., FR4) may be divided into multiple parts (e.g., sub-frequency ranges, or sub-FRs). At least one of the above-mentioned embodiments may be applied to all or part of the frequencies in a frequency range. At least one of the above-mentioned embodiments may not be applied to frequencies other than the frequency range (e.g., according to Rel. 15).

[0296] The UE may also obtain CSI by measuring at least one CSI-RS resource in a plurality of antenna ports to which at least one of the aforementioned embodiments is applied.

[0297] (Wireless Communication System)

[0298] The following describes a configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using one or a combination of the wireless communication methods according to the above-described embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0299] Figure 36 This figure shows an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 may also be a system that implements communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE) standardized by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) or the fifth generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR).

[0300] In addition, the wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)) between multiple radio access technologies (Radio Access Technology (RAT)). MR-DC can also include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

[0301] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the master node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the secondary node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0302] The wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC)) where both MN and SN are NR base stations (gNB)).

[0303] The wireless communication system 1 may also include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) that are located within the macrocell C1 and form small cells C2 that are narrower than the macrocell C1. User terminals 20 may also be located within at least one of the cells. The arrangement and number of cells and user terminals 20 are not limited to those shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when not distinguishing between base stations 11 and 12, they are collectively referred to as base stations 10.

[0304] The user terminal 20 may also be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may also utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CCs) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0305] Each CC may also be included in at least one of the first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and the second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). The macro cell C1 may also be included in FR1, and the small cell C2 may also be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band below 6 GHz (below 6 GHz (sub-6 GHz)), and FR2 may be a frequency band higher than 24 GHz (above 24 GHz (above-24 GHz)). In addition, the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to this. For example, FR1 may also be equivalent to a frequency band higher than FR2.

[0306] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may communicate in each CC using at least one of time division duplex (TDD) and frequency division duplex (FDD).

[0307] Multiple base stations 10 can also be connected by wired (for example, optical fiber based on Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI)), X2 interface, etc.) or wireless (for example, NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between base stations 11 and 12, the base station 11 equivalent to the upper station can also be called an integrated access backhaul (IAB) donor, and the base station 12 equivalent to the relay station can also be called an IAB node.

[0308] The base station 10 may also be connected to the core network 30 via other base stations 10 or directly. The core network 30 may also include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), and a Next Generation Core (NGC).

[0309] The user terminal 20 may also be a terminal that supports at least one of communication methods such as LTE, LTE-A, and 5G.

[0310] In the wireless communication system 1, a radio access scheme based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) may be used. For example, in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL), cyclic prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), or single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) may be used.

[0311] The radio access scheme may also be referred to as a waveform. In addition, in the wireless communication system 1, other radio access schemes (for example, other single-carrier transmission schemes, other multi-carrier transmission schemes) may be applied to the UL and DL radio access schemes.

[0312] As downlink channels, the wireless communication system 1 may use a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20), a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), etc.

[0313] In addition, as uplink channels, the wireless communication system 1 can also use an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20), an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), etc.

[0314] The PDSCH is used to transmit user data, higher-layer control information, and system information blocks (SIBs). The PUSCH can also be used to transmit user data, higher-layer control information, and the Master Information Block (MIB). The PBCH can also be used to transmit the Master Information Block (MIB).

[0315] The lower layer control information may also be transmitted via the PDCCH. The lower layer control information may include, for example, downlink control information (Downlink Control Information (DCI)) including scheduling information for at least one of the PDSCH and the PUSCH.

[0316] In addition, the DCI that schedules the PDSCH may also be referred to as DL allocation, DL DCI, etc., and the DCI that schedules the PUSCH may also be referred to as UL grant, UL DCI, etc. In addition, the PDSCH may also be replaced by DL data, and the PUSCH may also be replaced by UL data.

[0317] In PDCCH detection, a control resource set (CORESET) and a search space can also be used. A CORESET corresponds to the resources for searching for DCI. A search space corresponds to the search area and search method for PDCCH candidates. A CORESET can also be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE can also monitor the CORESET associated with a search space based on the search space settings.

[0318] A search space may also correspond to PDCCH candidates that correspond to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may also be referred to as a search space set. Furthermore, the terms "search space," "search space set," "search space setting," "search space set setting," "CORESET," and "CORESET setting" in this disclosure may be used interchangeably.

[0319] Uplink control information (uplink control information (UCI)) including at least one of channel state information (CSI), delivery confirmation information (e.g., also known as hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgment (HARQ-ACK)), ACK / NACK, and scheduling request (SR)) can also be transmitted via the PUCCH. A random access preamble used to establish a connection with a cell can also be transmitted via the PRACH.

[0320] In the present disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc. may be expressed without the word "link." Furthermore, various channels may be expressed without the word "physical" at the beginning.

[0321] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (Synchronization Signal (SS)), a downlink reference signal (Downlink Reference Signal (DL-RS)), etc. can also be transmitted. As DL-RS, in the wireless communication system 1, a cell-specific reference signal (Cell-specific Reference Signal (CRS)), a channel state information reference signal (Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS)), a demodulation reference signal (DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS)), a positioning reference signal (Positioning Reference Signal (PRS)), a phase tracking reference signal (Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS)), etc. can also be transmitted.

[0322] For example, a synchronization signal may be at least one of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). A signal block containing SSs (PSS, SSS) and PBCHs (and DMRS for PBCHs) may also be referred to as an SS / PBCH block or an SS block (SSB). Furthermore, SSs and SSBs may also be referred to as reference signals.

[0323] In addition, as an uplink reference signal (UL-RS), a measurement reference signal (Sounding Reference Signal (SRS)), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), etc. can also be transmitted in the wireless communication system 1. In addition, DMRS can also be called a user terminal specific reference signal (UE-specific Reference Signal).

[0324] (Base Station)

[0325] Figure 37 This figure shows an example of the configuration of a base station according to one embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transmitting / receiving unit 120, a transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and a transmission path interface (transmission line interface) 140. Furthermore, more than one of each of the control unit 110, the transmitting / receiving unit 120, the transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140 may be provided.

[0326] In addition, in this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment are mainly shown, and the base station 10 can also be assumed to have other functional blocks required for wireless communication. Part of the processing of each unit described below may also be omitted.

[0327] The control unit 110 controls the entire base station 10. The control unit 110 can be composed of a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are described based on the common knowledge in the technical field to which this disclosure relates.

[0328] The control unit 110 may also control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. It may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc., using the transmission and reception unit 120, the transmission and reception antennas 130, and the transmission path interface 140. The control unit 110 may also generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals, and forward them to the transmission and reception unit 120. The control unit 110 may also perform call processing (setting up, releasing, etc.) of communication channels, manage the status of the base station 10, manage radio resources, etc.

[0329] The transceiver unit 120 may also include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may also include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transceiver unit 120 may include a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter (phase shifter), a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, and the like, which are described based on the common knowledge in the technical field involved in this disclosure.

[0330] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting and receiving unit, or may be configured as a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may also be configured as a transmitting processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may also be configured as a receiving processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122, and a measuring unit 123.

[0331] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be formed of an antenna described based on the common knowledge in the technical field to which this disclosure relates, such as an array antenna.

[0332] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may also transmit the aforementioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may also receive the aforementioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0333] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may also use digital beamforming (eg, precoding), analog beamforming (eg, phase rotation), etc. to form at least one of a transmitting beam and a receiving beam.

[0334] The sending and receiving unit 120 (sending processing unit 1211) can also perform processing on the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer (for example, RLC retransmission control), the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer (for example, HARQ retransmission control), etc. on the data and control information obtained from the control unit 110 to generate a bit string to be sent.

[0335] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (transmitting processing unit 1211) can also perform channel coding (which may also include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing, discrete Fourier transform (DFT) processing (as needed), inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) processing), precoding, digital-to-analog conversion and other transmission processing on the bit string to be sent, and output a baseband signal.

[0336] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122 ) may also perform modulation, filter processing, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the signal in the radio frequency band via the transmitting and receiving antenna 130 .

[0337] On the other hand, the transmitting and receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122 ) may also perform amplification, filter processing, and demodulation into a baseband signal on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting and receiving antenna 130 .

[0338] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (receiving processing unit 1212) can also apply receiving processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, fast Fourier transform (FFT) processing, inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) processing (as needed), filter processing, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the obtained baseband signal to obtain user data, etc.

[0339] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (measuring unit 123) may also perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measuring unit 123 may also perform radio resource management (RRM) measurements, channel state information (CSI) measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measuring unit 123 may also measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ)), signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR), signal to noise ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., received signal strength indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may also be output to the control unit 110.

[0340] The transmission path interface 140 can also send and receive signals (return signaling) between the devices included in the core network 30, other base stations 10, etc., and can also obtain and transmit user data (user plane data) and control plane data for the user terminal 20.

[0341] In addition, the transmitting unit and the receiving unit of the base station 10 in the present disclosure may also be composed of at least one of the transmitting and receiving unit 120 , the transmitting and receiving antenna 130 , and the transmission path interface 140 .

[0342] In addition, the control unit 110 may also receive a Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS) for the uplink control channel (PUCCH) from the user terminal 20. The control unit 110 may also reduce (correct) the phase noise of the PUCCH based on the PTRS.

[0343] (User Terminal)

[0344] Figure 38This figure shows an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transmitting / receiving unit 220, and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230. Furthermore, more than one of each of the control unit 210, the transmitting / receiving unit 220, and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230 may be provided.

[0345] In addition, in this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment are mainly shown, and the user terminal 20 may also be assumed to have other functional blocks required for wireless communication. Part of the processing of each unit described below may also be omitted.

[0346] The control unit 210 controls the entire user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be composed of a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are described based on the common knowledge in the technical field to which this disclosure relates.

[0347] The control unit 210 may also control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may also control transmission, reception, measurement, etc. using the transmission and reception unit 220 and the transmission and reception antenna 230. The control unit 210 may also generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals and forward them to the transmission and reception unit 220.

[0348] The transceiver unit 220 may also include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may also include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transceiver unit 220 may include a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, and the like, which are described based on the common knowledge in the technical field involved in this disclosure.

[0349] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting and receiving unit or may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may also be composed of a transmitting processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may also be composed of a receiving processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measuring unit 223.

[0350] The transmitting and receiving antenna 230 can be formed of an antenna described based on the common knowledge in the technical field to which this disclosure relates, such as an array antenna.

[0351] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also receive the aforementioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also transmit the aforementioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0352] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also use digital beamforming (eg, precoding), analog beamforming (eg, phase rotation), etc. to form at least one of a transmitting beam and a receiving beam.

[0353] The sending and receiving unit 220 (sending processing unit 2211) can also perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (for example, RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (for example, HARQ retransmission control), etc. on the data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 210 to generate a bit string to be sent.

[0354] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) can also perform channel coding (which may also include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing, DFT processing (as needed), IFFT processing, precoding, digital-to-analog conversion and other transmission processing on the bit string to be sent, and output a baseband signal.

[0355] In addition, whether or not to apply DFT processing may also be based on the transform precoding setting. For a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), if transform precoding is activated (enabled), the transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) may also perform DFT processing as the aforementioned transmission processing in order to transmit the channel using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform. Otherwise, the transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) may also perform DFT processing as the aforementioned transmission processing without performing DFT processing.

[0356] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222 ) may also perform modulation, filter processing, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the signal in the radio frequency band via the transmitting and receiving antenna 230 .

[0357] On the other hand, the transmitting and receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222 ) may also perform amplification, filter processing, and demodulation into a baseband signal on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting and receiving antenna 230 .

[0358] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (receiving processing unit 2212) can also apply receiving processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (as needed), filter processing, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the obtained baseband signal to obtain user data, etc.

[0359] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (measuring unit 223) may also perform measurements related to received signals. For example, the measuring unit 223 may also perform RRM measurements, CSI measurements, etc. based on the received signals. The measuring unit 223 may also measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may also be output to the control unit 210.

[0360] In addition, the transmitting unit and the receiving unit of the user terminal 20 in the present disclosure may also be constituted by at least one of the transmitting and receiving unit 220 and the transmitting and receiving antenna 230 .

[0361] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also receive a first channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) based on a sequence having a peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) lower than that of a pseudorandom sequence, and the control unit 210 may also use the first CSI-RS for measurement.

[0362] The first CSI-RS may also be associated with a first value of a parameter (e.g., a parameter within a CSI-RS resource) representing at least one of a frequency-domain cyclic shift, a time-domain cyclic shift, a frequency-domain orthogonal cover code (FD-OCC), a time-domain orthogonal cover code (TD-OCC), a frequency resource (e.g., a frequency resource with which CSI-RSs of other antenna ports are FDMed), a time resource (e.g., a time resource with which CSI-RSs of other antenna ports are TDMed), a combo, and a spreading code, and a first antenna port (e.g., at least one of an antenna port or an antenna port group). The second CSI-RS may also be associated with a second value of the parameter and a second antenna port.

[0363] The first CSI-RS may also be sent from a first transmitter (e.g., TRP#1), the second CSI-RS may also be sent from a second transmitter (e.g., TRP#2), and the first CSI-RS and the second CSI-RS may also be frequency division multiplexed (implementation method 2 / CSI-RS transmission method 1).

[0364] The subcarrier spacing of the first CSI-RS may also be larger than the subcarrier spacing of a specific type of channel or signal (Implementation 1 / SCS).

[0365] The first CSI-RS may also be transmitted in a frequency higher than the frequency range of Rel.15.

[0366] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also receive a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS). The control unit 210 may also perform measurements using either a first band (e.g., a CSI-RS transmission band) in which the CSI-RS is transmitted or a second band (e.g., a CSI-RS resource band) assigned to the CSI-RS (Embodiment 2 / CSI-RS Transmission Method 2, Embodiment 3).

[0367] Frequency hopping may be applied to at least one of the first band and the second band.

[0368] When the first band includes the second band, the control unit may also perform measurement using the second band.

[0369] When at least a portion of the first band and the second band overlap, the measurement may be performed using the first band or the second band, or the measurement may not be performed.

[0370] When the first band and the second band do not overlap, the measurement may be performed using the first band, or the measurement may not be performed.

[0371] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also receive a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) and a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) to which at least one of time division multiplexing, frequency division multiplexing, transform precoding, and a sounding reference signal structure (SRS) is applied. The control unit 210 may also use the CSI-RS for measurement and demodulate the PDSCH (embodiments 4 to 7).

[0372] The CSI-RS and the PDSCH may also be time-division multiplexed, and the CSI-RS may have a length of a certain number of symbols and be transmitted at the beginning or the end of the period in which the PDSCH is transmitted (Implementation 4 / Multiplexing Method 1).

[0373] Transform precoding may be applied to the CSI-RS and the PDSCH (Implementation 4 / Multiplexing Method 2).

[0374] The CSI-RS may also be spread across multiple time slots (Implementation 4 / Multiplexing Method 1, Implementation 7).

[0375] When transform precoding (for example, DFT-s-OFDM) is not applied to the PDSCH, the CSI-RS may be based on a pseudo-random sequence. When transform precoding is applied to the PDSCH, the CSI-RS may be based on a sequence having a peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) lower than that of the pseudo-random sequence (Implementation 6).

[0376] (Hardware Structure)

[0377] In addition, the block diagrams used in the description of the above embodiments show blocks of functional units. These functional blocks (structural units) are implemented by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. In addition, the implementation method of each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block can be implemented by a device that is physically or logically combined, or two or more physically or logically separated devices can be directly or indirectly connected (for example, by wired, wireless, etc.) and implemented by these multiple devices. The functional block can also be implemented by combining the above-mentioned one device or the above-mentioned multiple devices with software.

[0378] Here, the functions include judging, deciding, determining, calculating, calculating, processing, deriving, investigating, searching, confirming, receiving, sending, outputting, accessing, resolving, selecting, selecting, establishing, comparing, assuming, expecting, regarding, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, assigning, etc., but are not limited to these. For example, a functional block (structural unit) that implements a sending function may also be referred to as a transmitting unit, a transmitter, etc. Any of them are as described above, and the implementation method is not particularly limited.

[0379] For example, a base station, a user terminal, etc. in one embodiment of the present disclosure may also function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 39 This figure shows an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment. The base station 10 and user terminal 20 described above can also be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, and the like.

[0380] In addition, in this disclosure, the terms such as device, circuit, equipment, section, and unit are interchangeable. The hardware structure of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may include one or more of the devices shown in the figure, or may not include some of the devices.

[0381] For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown, multiple processors may be provided. Furthermore, processing may be performed by a single processor, or by two or more processors simultaneously, sequentially, or using other methods. Furthermore, processor 1001 may be implemented using more than one chip.

[0382] Regarding the various functions in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20, for example, they are achieved by reading specific software (program) into hardware such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, so that the processor 1001 performs calculations and controls communication via the communication device 1004, or controls at least one of the reading and writing of data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0383] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer by, for example, operating an operating system. The processor 1001 may also be composed of a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, a computing device, registers, etc. For example, at least a portion of the aforementioned control unit 110 (210) and the transmitting and receiving unit 120 (220) may also be implemented by the processor 1001.

[0384] In addition, the processor 1001 reads a program (program code), a software module, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and performs various processes based on the program. As a program, a program that causes a computer to perform at least a portion of the operations described in the above embodiments can be used. For example, the control unit 110 (210) can also be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and operated by the processor 1001, and the other functional blocks can also be implemented similarly.

[0385] The memory 1002 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, for example, composed of at least one of a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), or other appropriate storage medium. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, a cache, a main memory (main storage device), etc. The memory 1002 can store executable programs (program code), software modules, etc. for implementing the wireless communication method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0386] The storage 1003 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, such as a flexible disk, a floppy disk, an optical disk (such as a compact disk (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM)), a digital versatile disk, a Blu-ray disk), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (such as a card, a stick, or a key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other appropriate storage media. The storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.

[0387] The communication device 1004 is hardware (a transmitting and receiving device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network. For example, it is also called a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, etc. In order to implement at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD), the communication device 1004 may also be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. For example, the above-mentioned transmitting and receiving unit 120 (220) and the transmitting and receiving antenna 130 (230) may also be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (220) may also be installed with the transmitting unit 120a (220a) and the receiving unit 120b (220b) separated physically or logically.

[0388] The input device 1005 is an input device that receives input from the outside (e.g., a keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). The output device 1006 is an output device that outputs to the outside (e.g., a display, speaker, light emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.). Alternatively, the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated (e.g., a touch panel).

[0389] Furthermore, the processor 1001, memory 1002, and other devices are connected via a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured as a single bus or may be configured as different buses between the devices.

[0390] Furthermore, the base station 10 and user terminal 20 may also be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and may use this hardware to implement part or all of each functional block. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0391] (Variation)

[0392] In addition, the terms described in this disclosure and the terms required for understanding this disclosure may also be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, channel, symbol, and signal (signal or signaling) may be replaced with each other. In addition, a signal may also be a message. A reference signal may also be referred to as RS, or may be referred to as a pilot, pilot signal, etc. depending on the applied standard. In addition, a component carrier (CC) may also be referred to as a cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0393] A radio frame can also be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each period (frame) of the one or more periods (frames) that constitute a radio frame can also be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe can also be composed of one or more time slots in the time domain. A subframe can also be a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of the parameter set (numerology).

[0394] Here, a parameter set may also refer to communication parameters applied to at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. For example, a parameter set may also represent at least one of subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), the number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering processing performed by the transmitter and receiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processing performed by the transmitter and receiver in the time domain.

[0395] A time slot may also be composed of one or more symbols (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols, etc.) in the time domain. In addition, a time slot may also be a time unit based on a parameter set.

[0396] A time slot may also contain multiple mini-slots. Each mini-slot may also be composed of one or more symbols in the time domain. Furthermore, a mini-slot may also be referred to as a sub-slot. A mini-slot may also be composed of fewer symbols than a time slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a mini-slot may also be referred to as PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a mini-slot may also be referred to as PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0397] Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols all represent time units used for signal transmission. Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols may also be referred to by their respective equivalents. Furthermore, the terms frame, subframe, time slot, mini-time slot, and symbol may be used interchangeably in this disclosure.

[0398] For example, a subframe can also be called a TTI, multiple consecutive subframes can also be called a TTI, and a time slot or a mini-time slot can also be called a TTI. In other words, at least one of a subframe and a TTI can be a subframe (1ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1ms. In addition, the unit representing a TTI can also be called a time slot, a mini-time slot, etc. instead of a subframe.

[0399] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the minimum time unit for scheduling in wireless communications. For example, in the LTE system, a base station schedules each user terminal by allocating radio resources (such as the frequency bandwidth and transmit power available to each user terminal) in TTI units. The definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0400] The TTI may also be a unit of time for transmitting channel-coded data packets (transport blocks), code blocks, code words, etc., and may also be a unit of processing for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. Furthermore, when a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which the transport blocks, code blocks, code words, etc. are actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0401] Furthermore, when a time slot or a mini-time slot is referred to as a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more time slots or one or more mini-time slots) may also be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Furthermore, the number of time slots (mini-time slots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may also be controlled.

[0402] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may also be referred to as a normal TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel. 8-12), a standard TTI, a long TTI, a normal subframe, a standard subframe, a long subframe, a time slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI may also be referred to as a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial TTI (partial or fractional TTI), a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini-slot, a subslot, a time slot, etc.

[0403] In addition, long TTI (for example, normal TTI, subframe, etc.) can also be replaced by TTI with a time length exceeding 1ms, and short TTI (for example, shortened TTI, etc.) can also be replaced by TTI with a TTI length smaller than long TTI and greater than 1ms.

[0404] A resource block (RB) is a unit of resource allocation in the time and frequency domains. In the frequency domain, it may also include one or more consecutive subcarriers (subcarriers). The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of the parameter set, for example, it may be 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may also be determined based on the parameter set.

[0405] In addition, an RB may also include one or more symbols in the time domain, and may also be the length of a slot, a mini-slot, a subframe, or a TTI. A TTI, a subframe, etc. may also be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0406] In addition, one or more RBs may also be referred to as a physical resource block (Physical RB (PRB)), a sub-carrier group (Sub-Carrier Group (SCG)), a resource element group (Resource Element Group (REG)), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0407] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0408] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) (also referred to as a fractional bandwidth) can also represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) used for a particular parameter set within a particular carrier. Common RBs can also be identified by their index relative to the common reference point of the carrier. PRBs can also be defined within a BWP and numbered within that BWP.

[0409] The BWP may include a UL BWP (BWP for UL) and a DL BWP (BWP for DL). For a UE, one or more BWPs may be configured within one carrier.

[0410] At least one of the configured BWPs may be activated, and the UE may not assume that it will transmit or receive specific signals / channels outside of the activated BWP. In addition, the terms "cell," "carrier," and the like in this disclosure may be replaced with "BWP."

[0411] The above-mentioned structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, mini-slots, and symbols are merely examples. For example, various modifications may be made to the number of subframes in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of mini-slots within a slot, the number of symbols and RBs within a slot or mini-slot, the number of subcarriers within an RB, the number of symbols within a TTI, the symbol length, and the cyclic prefix (CP) length.

[0412] Furthermore, the information and parameters described in this disclosure may be expressed as absolute values, relative values ​​relative to a specific value, or other corresponding information. For example, wireless resources may be indicated by specific indexes.

[0413] In this disclosure, the names used for parameters, etc., are not intended to be limiting in any respect. Furthermore, the mathematical formulas for these parameters, etc., may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable names, and therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any respect.

[0414] Information, signals, and the like described in this disclosure may also be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, and the like that may be referred to throughout the foregoing description may also be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0415] Furthermore, information, signals, etc. can be output in at least one of the following directions: from a higher layer (upper layer) to a lower layer (lower layer), and from a lower layer to a higher layer. Information, signals, etc. can also be input and output via multiple network nodes.

[0416] Input and output information, signals, etc. may be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input and output information, signals, etc. may be overwritten, updated, or appended. Output information, signals, etc. may also be deleted. Input information, signals, etc. may also be sent to other devices.

[0417] The notification of information is not limited to the methods / implementations described in the present disclosure, and may also be performed by other methods. For example, the notification of information in the present disclosure may also be implemented through physical layer signaling (e.g., downlink control information (Downlink Control Information (DCI))), uplink control information (Uplink Control Information (UCI))), high-layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC)) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB)), System Information Block (SIB), etc.), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof.

[0418] In addition, physical layer signaling may also be referred to as Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), etc. In addition, RRC signaling may also be referred to as RRC message, for example, RRC Connection Setup message, RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, etc. In addition, MAC signaling may also be notified using MAC Control Element (CE), for example.

[0419] Furthermore, notification of specific information (eg, notification of “it is X”) is not limited to explicit notification, but may be performed implicitly (eg, by not notifying the specific information or by notifying other information).

[0420] The determination can be made by a value represented by a bit (0 or 1), a true or false value (Boolean value) represented by true (true) or false (false), or by comparing numerical values ​​(for example, comparing with a specific value).

[0421] Whether software is called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other names, it should be broadly interpreted as meaning instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, program, sub-program, software module, application, software application, software package, routine, sub-routine, object, executable file, execution thread, procedure, function, etc.

[0422] Furthermore, software, instructions, information, and the like may also be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of a wired technology (coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), etc.) and a wireless technology (infrared, microwave, etc.), at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included within the definition of a transmission medium.

[0423] The terms "system" and "network" used in this disclosure can be used interchangeably. "Network" may also refer to devices included in the network (eg, base stations).

[0424] In the present disclosure, terms such as "precoding", "precoder", "weight (precoding weight)", "Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)" "Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)", "spatial relation", "spatial domain filter", "transmission power", "phase rotation", "antenna port", "antenna port group", "layer", "number of layers", "rank", "resource", "resource set", "resource group", "beam", "beam width", "beam angle", "antenna", "antenna element", and "panel" can be used interchangeably.

[0425] In this disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)", "wireless base station", "fixed station", "NodeB", "eNB (eNodeB)", "gNB (gNodeB)", "access point", "transmission point (TP)", "reception point (RP)", "transmission / reception point (TRP))", "panel", "cell", "sector", "cell group", "carrier", and "component carrier" are used interchangeably. In some cases, a base station may be referred to as a macro cell, small cell, femto cell, or pico cell.

[0426] A base station can accommodate one or more (for example, three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, each of which can also provide communication services through a base station subsystem (for example, a small base station for indoor use (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). Terms such as "cell" or "sector" refer to a part or the entire coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and base station subsystem that provides communication services within the coverage area.

[0427] In the present disclosure, terms such as “mobile station (MS)”, “user terminal”, “user device (UE)”, and “terminal” can be used interchangeably.

[0428] The mobile station may also be referred to as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, hand set, user agent, mobile client, client, or several other appropriate terms.

[0429] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Furthermore, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be a device mounted on a mobile object, a mobile object itself, etc. The mobile object may be a vehicle (e.g., a vehicle, an aircraft, etc.), a mobile object that moves unmanned (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). Furthermore, at least one of the base station and the mobile station also includes a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0430] In addition, the base station in the present disclosure may also be replaced by a user terminal. For example, the various methods / implementations of the present disclosure may also be applied to a structure in which the communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced by communication between multiple user terminals (for example, which may also be referred to as device-to-device (D2D)), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), etc.). In this case, it may also be configured such that the user terminal 20 has the functions of the above-mentioned base station 10. In addition, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may also be replaced by terms corresponding to inter-terminal communication (for example, "side"). For example, uplink channels, downlink channels, etc. may also be replaced by side channels.

[0431] Likewise, the user terminal in the present disclosure may be replaced by a base station. In this case, the base station 10 may have the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[0432] In the present disclosure, operations are assumed to be performed by a base station, and sometimes, depending on the circumstances, by its upper node. Obviously, in a network including one or more network nodes including a base station, various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (for example, a Mobility Management Entity (MME)), a Serving-Gateway (S-GW), etc., but not limited to these), or a combination thereof.

[0433] The various methods / implementations described in this disclosure may be used individually or in combination, and may be switched between them during execution. Furthermore, the processing procedures, sequences, flow charts, and the like of the various methods / implementations described in this disclosure may be reversed as long as they do not conflict. For example, the elements of various steps described in this disclosure are presented in an illustrative order, but are not limited to the specific order presented.

[0434] The various modes and embodiments described in the present disclosure may also be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New Radio Access (NX), Future Generation Radio Access (FX), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.17 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.18 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.19 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.21 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.22 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.23 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.24 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.25 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.26 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.27 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.28 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.29 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.30 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.31 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.32 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.33 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), systems using other appropriate wireless communication methods, and next-generation systems based on these. In addition, multiple systems can also be combined for application (for example, LTE or LTE-A combined with 5G, etc.).

[0435] The phrase “based on” used in this disclosure does not mean “based only on” unless otherwise specified. In other words, the phrase “based on” means both “based only on” and “based at least on.”

[0436] Any reference to an element using the designations "first," "second," etc., as used in this disclosure, does not necessarily limit the quantity or order of these elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Therefore, reference to a first and a second element does not necessarily imply that only two elements may be used, or that the first element must in some way take precedence over the second element.

[0437] The term "determining" as used in this disclosure may encompass a variety of operations. For example, "determining" may also be considered as "judging," calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), ascertaining, etc.

[0438] In addition, "judgment (decision)" can also be regarded as a situation of "judgment (decision)" on receiving (for example, receiving information), transmitting (for example, sending information), input (input), output (output), accessing (for example, accessing data in a memory), etc.

[0439] In addition, "judgment (decision)" can also be regarded as a situation in which "judgment (decision)" is performed on resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "judgment (decision)" can also be regarded as a situation in which "judgment (decision)" is performed on some operations.

[0440] In addition, “judgment (decision)” can also be replaced by “assuming (assuming)”, “expecting (expecting)”, “considering (considering)” and so on.

[0441] The “maximum transmit power” recorded in the present disclosure may refer to the maximum value of the transmit power, the nominal maximum transmit power (the nominal UE maximum transmit power), or the rated maximum transmit power (the rated UE maximum transmit power).

[0442] As used in this disclosure, the terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between the two elements being "connected" or "coupled." The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be replaced by "access."

[0443] In the present disclosure, when two elements are connected, it can be considered that they are "connected" or "combined" to each other using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., as well as using electromagnetic energy with wavelengths in the wireless frequency domain, microwave region, light (both visible and invisible) region, etc. as several non-limiting and non-inclusive examples.

[0444] In the present disclosure, the term "A is different from B" may also mean "A and B are different from each other." Alternatively, the term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "bound" may also be interpreted as meaning "different."

[0445] In this disclosure, when the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used, these terms, like the term "comprising," have an inclusive meaning. Furthermore, the term "or" used in this disclosure does not mean an exclusive OR.

[0446] In the present disclosure, when an article is added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the present disclosure may also include a case where the noun following the article is in a plural form.

[0447] While the inventions disclosed herein have been described in detail above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the inventions disclosed herein are not limited to the embodiments described herein. The inventions disclosed herein can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the claims. Therefore, the descriptions in this disclosure are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the inventions disclosed herein in any way.

Claims

1. A terminal comprising: a receiving unit, receiving a channel state information-reference signal CSI-RS; and a control unit configured to perform CSI measurement using either a first band in which the CSI-RS is transmitted or a second band configured for the CSI-RS for at least one of CSI measurement and CSI reporting, In a case where the first band includes the second band, the control unit performs CSI measurement using the second band.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein: Frequency hopping is applied to at least one of the first band and the second band.

3. The terminal according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: When at least a portion of the first band and the second band overlap, the CSI measurement is performed using the second band.

4. The terminal according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: When the first band and the second band do not overlap, the CSI measurement is performed using the first band, or the CSI measurement is not performed.

5. A wireless communication method for a terminal, comprising: receiving a channel state information-reference signal CSI-RS; and performing CSI measurement using either a first band in which the CSI-RS is transmitted or a second band configured for the CSI-RS for at least one of CSI measurement and CSI reporting, When the first band includes the second band, CSI measurement is performed using the second band.

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