Display device

Abstract

A display device is provided. The display device includes a plurality of pixels, a controller, and a data driver. The controller selects a target pixel from the plurality of pixels and generates an adjusted gray level for the target pixel based on the gray levels corresponding to the target pixel and related pixels adjacent to the target pixel. The data driver generates a data signal for the target pixel based on the adjusted gray level. At least one of the target pixel, related pixels, and at least one of the plurality of pixels of the display device emits light of three different colors. The four mixed colors are different from each other and each is a mixture of at least two of the three colors. The controller generates the adjusted gray level using a reference coefficient for at least one of the three colors and a reference coefficient for at least one of the four mixed colors.

Description

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority and benefit to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2020-0143509, filed on October 30, 2020, with the Korean Intellectual Property Office; that Korean Patent Application is incorporated by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The technical field relates to display devices. Background Technology

[0004] The display device can receive signals and display images based on the signals.

[0005] A display device may include pixels that emit three different colors of light. The color of a region of the display device may be determined by the sum or total of the time of light emitted from multiple pixels in that region. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The implementation may involve a display device that adjusts gray levels and / or data signals to compensate for lateral leakage in order to mitigate the decrease in visibility of low gray levels and / or low brightness of mixed colors.

[0007] The implementation may involve a driving method for a display device.

[0008] The implementation may relate to a display device, which includes the following elements: a plurality of pixels; a controller that receives image data including gray levels from an external source and compensates the gray level of a target pixel based on a gray level corresponding to a target pixel among the plurality of pixels and gray levels corresponding to related pixels surrounding the target pixel; and a data driver that generates a data signal based on the compensated gray levels and supplies the data signal to the target pixel via a data line. At least one of the related pixels may emit light having a different color than the target pixel, and each of the plurality of pixels may emit light having one of a first color, a second color, and a third color based on the image data. The controller may compensate the gray levels based on the relationship between the gray levels of the target pixel and the gray levels of the related pixels, a reference coefficient set for the first to third colors, and a reference coefficient set for a first to fourth mixed color, wherein the first to fourth mixed colors are representative colors obtained by mixing at least two of the first to third colors.

[0009] The controller may include: a first data compensator that remaps gray levels included in a first gray level range to a first compensated gray level included in a second gray level range; and a second data compensator that calculates compensation coefficients based on a plurality of reference coefficients and applies weights calculated based on the compensation coefficients to the first compensated gray level to generate a second compensated gray level for the target pixel.

[0010] The target pixel and related pixels can be selected by pre-setting the size of the compensation filter.

[0011] The controller may also include a memory that stores a lookup table in which the position information of pixels corresponding to the size of the compensation filter and a reference coefficient for each of the first to third colors and the first to fourth mixed colors are set.

[0012] The information extracted from the lookup table is the three-dimensional coordinate value of the reference coefficient, with the first, second, and third colors respectively serving as coordinate axes.

[0013] The lookup table may include: a first table, which includes reference coefficients corresponding to the coordinates of the first axis; a second table, which includes reference coefficients corresponding to the coordinates of the second axis; and a third table, which includes reference coefficients corresponding to the coordinates of the third axis.

[0014] The reference coefficient can be set in each of the first to third tables based on the position of the pixels included in the compensation filter.

[0015] The second data compensator may include: a color trend determiner that determines a color trend by comparing the gray levels of each color in image data for pixels included in the compensation filter; a coefficient calculator that calculates a first coefficient, a second coefficient, and a third coefficient corresponding to the first to third colors, respectively, based on the color trend and the difference between the reference coefficients; a filter weight calculator that calculates the weights of the pixels in the compensation filter by applying the first to third coefficients to the ratio of the gray level to the maximum gray level for each color, respectively; and a gray level compensator that generates a second compensated gray level of the target pixel based on the value obtained by applying the weights to the first compensated gray level of the pixel in the compensation filter.

[0016] The first through third colors can be red, green, and blue, respectively.

[0017] The first through fourth mixed colors can be yellow, magenta, cyan, and white, respectively.

[0018] Color trends can be determined by one of six conditions relating red, green, and blue gray levels.

[0019] The coefficient calculator can extract the three-dimensional coordinate values ​​of the baseline coefficients corresponding to the color trend from the lookup table, and the extracted coordinate values ​​can be limited to tetrahedrons.

[0020] The first to third coefficients can be the lengths calculated from the tetrahedron along the first axis, the second axis, and the third axis.

[0021] When at least one of the relevant pixels emits light, the data signal corresponding to the first gray level range and supplied to the target pixel may have a first voltage level, and when the relevant pixel does not emit light, the data signal corresponding to the first gray level range and supplied to the target pixel may have a second voltage level different from the first voltage level.

[0022] When the image data corresponding to the target pixel and related pixels is a gray level of 30 or less, the data signal supplied to the target pixel can be adjusted according to the gray level corresponding to the related pixels.

[0023] The implementation may relate to a method for driving a display device. The method may include the following steps: determining a color trend by comparing the gray levels of each color in image data corresponding to a pixel to which a compensation filter is to be applied; calculating first to third coefficients corresponding to a first to a third color, respectively, as the emission color of a pixel, based on predetermined reference coefficients and the determined color trend; calculating the weight of the pixel to which the compensation filter is applied by applying the first to third coefficients to the ratio of the gray level to the maximum gray level for each color; generating a compensated gray level of a target pixel to which the compensation filter is applied based on the value obtained by applying the weights to the gray level of the pixel to which the compensation filter is applied; and converting the compensated gray level into an analog data signal for supplying it to the target pixel. Reference coefficients may be set for the first to third colors and for a first to fourth mixed color, the first to fourth mixed colors being representative colors obtained by mixing at least two of the first to third colors.

[0024] The compensation filter can determine the target pixel and the related pixels around the target pixel.

[0025] The calculation of the first to third coefficients may include: extracting the three-dimensional coordinate values ​​of the reference coefficients corresponding to the color trend from a lookup table, in which the position of the pixel corresponding to the compensation filter and the reference coefficient matching each of the first to third colors are stored; and determining the length of the tetrahedron defined by the extracted three-dimensional coordinate values ​​in the first axis direction, the length in the second axis direction, and the length in the third axis direction as the first to third coefficients, respectively.

[0026] The implementation may relate to a display device. The display device may include a plurality of pixels, a controller, data lines, and a data driver. The plurality of pixels can display an image. The controller can receive image data, select a target pixel among the plurality of pixels, and generate an adjusted gray level for the target pixel based on the gray level corresponding to the target pixel and the gray levels corresponding to related pixels adjacent to the target pixel. The data driver can generate a data signal based on the adjusted gray level and supply the data signal to the target pixel via the data lines. At least one of the target pixel, the related pixels, and at least one of the plurality of pixels in the display device can each emit three different colors of light. The four mixed colors can be different from each other and can each be a mixture of at least two of the three colors. The controller can generate the adjusted gray level using multiple reference coefficients for at least one of the three colors and for at least one of the four mixed colors.

[0027] The controller may include the following elements: a first data conditioner that can remap gray levels in a first gray level range to a first adjusted gray level in a second gray level range; and a second data conditioner that can calculate adjustment coefficients based on a reference coefficient and apply weights calculated based on the adjustment coefficients to the first adjusted gray level to generate an adjusted gray level for a target pixel.

[0028] The controller can select target pixels and related pixels by adjusting the structure and size of the filter according to a predetermined setting.

[0029] The controller may include memory for storing lookup tables. The lookup tables may include reference coefficients for seven colors for each of the target pixel and related pixels. The seven colors may include three individual colors and four mixed colors.

[0030] With the three colors corresponding to the three coordinate axes respectively, the information set extracted from the lookup table can be three-dimensional coordinate values, which consist of three of the multiple reference coefficients for the seven colors.

[0031] The lookup table may include a first table, which includes a first subset of coordinates corresponding to a first axis among multiple reference coefficients for seven colors; a second table, which includes a second subset of coordinates corresponding to a second axis among multiple reference coefficients for seven colors; and a third table, which includes a third subset of coordinates corresponding to a third axis among multiple reference coefficients for seven colors.

[0032] The reference coefficients in each of the first subset, the second subset, and the third subset of the multiple reference coefficients for seven colors can depend on the pixel position specified in a predetermined adjustment filter.

[0033] The second data conditioner may include the following components: a color trend determiner, which determines a color trend by comparing gray levels for three colors based on image data for the target pixel and related pixels; a coefficient calculator, which calculates a first coefficient, a second coefficient, and a third coefficient corresponding to the three colors respectively based on the color trend and some of a plurality of reference coefficients for seven colors; a filter weight calculator, which calculates a weight for related pixels using the first coefficient, the second coefficient, the third coefficient, the gray levels for the three colors, and the maximum gray level of the display device; and a gray level conditioner, which generates an adjusted gray level for the target pixel by applying the weights to the respective first adjusted gray levels of the target pixel and related pixels.

[0034] The three colors can include red, green, and blue.

[0035] The four mixed colors can include yellow, magenta, cyan, and white.

[0036] The color trend determiner can determine the color trend based on one of six conditions according to the relationship between red, green, and blue gray levels.

[0037] The coefficient calculator can extract the three-dimensional coordinate values ​​of the baseline coefficients corresponding to the color trend from a lookup table. The three-dimensional coordinate values ​​can be defined as tetrahedrons in the color space.

[0038] The first coefficient, the second coefficient, and the third coefficient can be the lengths of the three sides of the tetrahedron in the first axis direction, the second axis direction, and the third axis direction, respectively.

[0039] When at least one of the relevant pixels emits light, the data signal supplied to the target pixel may have a first voltage level. When the relevant pixel does not emit light, the data signal supplied to the target pixel may have a second voltage level different from the first voltage level.

[0040] When the gray levels corresponding to the target pixel and the related pixels in the image data are 30 or less, the data signal supplied to the target pixel can be adjusted according to the gray levels corresponding to the related pixels.

[0041] The implementation may relate to a method of driving a display device. The method may include the following steps: selecting a target pixel and related pixels according to an adjustment filter; determining a color trend by comparing gray levels of image data corresponding to colors corresponding to the target pixel and related pixels; calculating first, second, and third coefficients for three colors corresponding to the pixels of the display device, respectively, based on reference coefficients and the color trend; calculating weights for the related pixels using the first, second, and third coefficients, the gray levels for the three colors, and the maximum gray level of the display device; generating an adjusted gray level for the target pixel by applying the weights to the related pixels; converting the adjusted gray level into an analog data signal; and supplying the analog data signal to the target pixel via a data line to cause the target pixel to emit light. The reference coefficients may be for at least one of the three colors and for at least one of four mixed colors. The four mixed colors may be different from each other and may each be a mixture of at least two of the three colors.

[0042] At least one of the relevant pixels can be adjacent to the target pixel in the absence of an intermediate pixel.

[0043] The calculation of the first, second, and third coefficients may include the following steps: extracting the three-dimensional coordinate values ​​of the reference coefficients corresponding to the color trend from a lookup table, the lookup table including reference coefficients for three colors and four colors for each of the target pixel and related pixels; and determining the lengths along the three sides of the tetrahedron defined by the extracted three-dimensional coordinate values ​​in the first axis direction, the second axis direction, and the third axis direction as the first, second, and third coefficients, respectively. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 A block diagram of a display device according to an embodiment is shown.

[0045] Figure 2 An embodiment is shown. Figure 1 The circuit diagram of the pixels included in the display device.

[0046] Figure 3 It is used to illustrate the implementation method. Figure 1 A diagram showing the relationships between pixels included in a display device.

[0047] Figure 4 An embodiment is shown. Figure 1 The brightness of pixels included in the display device according to grayscale levels.

[0048] Figure 5 An embodiment is shown. Figure 1 A block diagram of the controller included in the display device.

[0049] Figure 6 It is used to illustrate the implementation method. Figure 5 A diagram showing the operation of the first data compensator included in the controller.

[0050] Figure 7 The following is shown in accordance with the embodiment. Figure 5 The controller includes a lookup table used in the first data compensator.

[0051] Figure 8 An embodiment is shown. Figure 5 The change in the gamma curve of the controller.

[0052] Figure 9 The following is shown in accordance with the embodiment. Figure 5 The controller includes a compensation filter used in the second data compensator.

[0053] Figure 10 An embodiment is shown. Figure 1 The display area included in the display device.

[0054] Figure 11 An embodiment is shown. Figure 9 Compensation filters are applied to Figure 10 The display area.

[0055] Figure 12 A compensation filter according to an embodiment is shown applied to... Figure 10 The display area.

[0056] Figure 13 An embodiment is shown. Figure 5 A block diagram of the second data compensator included in the controller.

[0057] Figure 14 The following is shown in accordance with the embodiment. Figure 13 The lookup table used in the second data compensator.

[0058] Figure 15A , Figure 15B , Figure 15C , Figure 15D , Figure 15E and Figure 15F This is for illustrating the use according to the implementation method. Figure 14 A graph showing the calculation of the weights of the lookup table.

[0059] Figure 16 An embodiment is shown. Figure 5 The first gain used in the controller.

[0060] Figure 17 An embodiment is shown. Figure 5The second gain used in the controller.

[0061] Figure 18 An embodiment is shown. Figure 1 The changes in the light-emitting characteristics of pixels included in the display device.

[0062] Figure 19 An embodiment is shown. Figure 5 The lookup table used in the second data compensator.

[0063] Figure 20 The following is illustrated: applicable according to the embodiments Figure 5 The second data compensator's compensation filter.

[0064] Figure 21 An embodiment is shown. Figure 1 The display area included in the display device.

[0065] Figure 22 An application according to an embodiment is shown. Figure 21 The compensation filter for the display area.

[0066] Figure 23 An embodiment is shown. Figure 1 The display area included in the display device.

[0067] Figure 24 An application according to an embodiment is shown. Figure 23 The compensation filter for the display area. Detailed Implementation

[0068] Example embodiments are described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals are used for the same or similar elements.

[0069] Although the terms "first," "second," etc., may be used to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish one element from another. A first element may be referred to as a second element without departing from the teachings of one or more embodiments. The description of an element as a "first" element does not require or imply the existence of a second element or other elements. The terms "first," "second," etc., may be used to distinguish different categories or sets of elements. For convenience, the terms "first," "second," etc., may respectively represent "first category (or first set)," "second category (or second set)," etc.

[0070] The first color can be red, green, or blue. The second color can be different from the first color and can be green, blue, or red. The third color can be different from each of the first and second colors and can be blue, red, or green.

[0071] The first, second, third, and fourth mixed colors can be different from each other, and each can be yellow, magenta, cyan, or white.

[0072] The term "connection" can refer to "electrical connection" or "electrical connection without an intermediate transistor." The term "insulation" can refer to "electrical insulation" or "electrical isolation." The term "conduction" can refer to "conduction." The term "drive" can refer to "operation" or "control." The term "compensation" can refer to "regulation." The term "correction" can refer to "regulation." The term "compensator" can refer to "regulator." The term "pattern" can refer to "component." The term "remapping" can refer to "mapping."

[0073] Figure 1 A block diagram of a display device 1000 according to an embodiment is shown.

[0074] Reference Figure 1 The display device 1000 may include a display area 100 (or display panel 100), a scan driver 200, a data driver 300, and a controller 400.

[0075] Display device 1000 may be a flat panel display, flexible display device, curved display device, foldable display device, bendable display device, or stretchable display device. Display device 1000 can be applied to one or more of transparent display devices, head-mounted display devices, and wearable display devices. Display device 1000 can be applied to one or more of various electronic devices such as smartphones, tablets, smart tablets, TVs, and monitors.

[0076] The display device 1000 may include multiple light-emitting elements. For example, the display device 1000 may include organic light-emitting elements, inorganic light-emitting elements, or light-emitting elements made of a combination of inorganic and organic materials. The display device 1000 may be a liquid crystal display device, a plasma display device, or a quantum dot display device, etc.

[0077] Display area 100 can display images. Display area 100 can be a display panel.

[0078] Display area 100 may include multiple data lines DL1 to DLm (where m is a positive integer), multiple scan lines SL1 to SLn (where n is a positive integer), and pixels PX. Pixels PX may be electrically connected to the multiple data lines DL1 to DLm and the multiple scan lines SL1 to SLn.

[0079] The scan driver 200 can receive a scan control signal SCS from the controller 400. The scan driver 200 receives the scan control signal SCS and can supply scan signals to multiple scan lines SL1 to SLn. The scan control signal SCS may include a start signal and a clock signal, etc.

[0080] The scan driver 200 may be formed on the display area 100, or it may be an IC mounted on a flexible circuit board connected to the display area 100.

[0081] The data driver 300 can generate data signals based on the data control signal DCS and image data DATA, and can provide the data signals to multiple data lines DL1 to DLm. The data control signal DCS can control the operation of the data driver 300 and may include a data enable signal.

[0082] The data driver 300 may be an IC (e.g., a driver IC) and may be mounted on a flexible circuit board connected to the display area 100.

[0083] The controller 400 can receive input image data RGB (e.g., RGB data) and a control signal CS from an external source (e.g., a graphics processor), and can generate a scan control signal SCS and a data control signal DCS based on the control signal CS. The input image data RGB may include grayscale data corresponding to pixels PX.

[0084] The control signal CS may include a clock signal, a horizontal synchronization signal, and a data enable signal. The controller 400 can rearrange the input image data RGB into image data DATA that matches the pixel arrangement of the display area 100, and can output the image data DATA.

[0085] The controller 400 can remap gray levels included in the input image data RGB from a first gray level range to a second gray level range to generate remapped gray levels (or first compensated / adjusted gray levels). The second gray level range may be included within the first gray level range. The controller 400 can remap a first gray level range from a gray level of 0 (0G) to a gray level of 255 (255G) to a second gray level range from a gray level of 14 to a gray level of 255.

[0086] The controller 400 can adjust the gray level of the target pixel based on the gray level corresponding to the target pixel in pixel PX and the gray levels corresponding to the related pixels surrounding the target pixel. By adjusting the gray level of the target pixel based on the remapped gray levels of the target pixel and related pixels, the controller 400 can generate a compensated / adjusted gray level (or a second compensated / adjusted gray level). Related pixels may be pixels that affect the gray level compensation / adjustment of the target pixel, and may be pixels included in a compensation filter (or adjustment filter) used for gray level compensation / adjustment of the target pixel.

[0087] The controller 400 can adjust the gray level based on the relationship between the gray level of the target pixel and the gray levels of related pixels, as well as a predetermined reference coefficient.

[0088] The gray levels of the target pixel and related pixels are compared to each other to determine the relationship, and the determined results and benchmark coefficients can be used to determine the weights.

[0089] Each of the multiple pixels (PX) can emit light of a first color, a second color, or a third color. The first color, second color, and third color can be red, green, and blue, respectively. Reference coefficients can be set for the first color, second color, and third color. The input image data (RGB) can include information about the first color, second color, and third color.

[0090] Adjacent pixels PX can emit light of different colors. For example, at least one of the related pixels can emit light of a different color than that of the target pixel. Due to the superposition and mixing of the emitted colors of adjacent pixels PX, a mixed color can be observed. For example, a first mixed color, a second mixed color, a third mixed color, and a fourth mixed color can be defined by mixing at least two colors among red, green, and blue. The first mixed color, the second mixed color, the third mixed color, and the fourth mixed color can be yellow, magenta, cyan, and white, respectively. Reference coefficients can be further set for the first to fourth mixed colors.

[0091] The controller 400 can apply weights based on the relationship to the reference coefficients set for the first color to the third color and the first mixed color to the fourth mixed color to calculate the second compensated gray level of the target pixel.

[0092] As at least one of the gray levels of the relevant pixels increases, the controller 400 can decrease the gray level of the target pixel.

[0093] The controller 400 may be separate from the data driver 300. At least some functions of the controller 400 may be implemented together with the data driver 300 in a single IC, or may be implemented in the data driver 300.

[0094] Figure 2 An embodiment is shown. Figure 1 The circuit diagram of the pixel PX included in the display device 1000. Figure 3 It is used to illustrate the implementation method. Figure 1 A diagram showing the relationship between pixels PX included in the display device 1000.

[0095] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3A pixel PX may include a first transistor T1, a second transistor T2, a storage capacitor Cst, and a light-emitting element LD. The first transistor T1, the second transistor T2, and the storage capacitor Cst can form a pixel circuit PXC.

[0096] The first transistor T1 and the second transistor T2 may be P-type transistors (e.g., PMOS transistors). At least one of the first transistor T1 and the second transistor T2 may be an N-type transistor (e.g., an NMOS transistor). In addition to the first transistor T1 and the second transistor T2, the pixel PX may also include other transistors.

[0097] The first transistor T1 (or driving transistor) may include a first electrode connected to a first power line to which a first power supply voltage VDD is applied, a second electrode connected to the anode of the light-emitting element LD, and a gate electrode connected to the first node N1.

[0098] The second transistor T2 (or switching transistor) may include a first electrode connected to the data line DL, a second electrode connected to the first node N1, and a gate electrode connected to the scan line SL. The data line DL may be... Figure 1 The diagram shows one of the multiple data lines DL1 to DLm, and the scan line SL may be... Figure 1 One of the multiple scan lines SL1 to SLn shown.

[0099] The second transistor T2 can be turned on in response to a scan signal provided via scan line SL to transmit a data signal provided via data line DL to the first node N1. The scan signal may be a pulse signal having a turn-on voltage level that turns on the second transistor T2.

[0100] A storage capacitor Cst can be connected between the first node N1 and the first power line (with the applied voltage of the first power supply VDD). The storage capacitor Cst can temporarily store the data signal applied to the first node N1. The first transistor T1 can adjust the amount of drive current flowing from the first power line to the light-emitting element LD in response to the data signal stored in the storage capacitor Cst.

[0101] The light-emitting element (LD) (or light-emitting diode) may include an anode connected to a first transistor T1 and a cathode connected to a second power supply line (to which a voltage of a second power supply VSS is applied). The light-emitting element LD may be an organic light-emitting element, an inorganic light-emitting element, or a light-emitting element comprising both organic and inorganic materials. The light-emitting element LD may emit light with a brightness corresponding to the driving current (or the amount of driving current).

[0102] Reference Figure 3The first pixel P1 may include a first light-emitting element LD1 that emits light of a first color, the second pixel P2 may include a second light-emitting element LD2 that emits light of a second color, and the third pixel P3 may include a third light-emitting element LD3 that emits light of a third color. For example, the first light-emitting element LD1 may emit red light, the second light-emitting element LD2 may emit green light, and the third light-emitting element LD3 may emit blue light. The first pixel P1, the second pixel P2, and the third pixel P3 may each include a parasitic capacitor C_LD1, a parasitic capacitor C_LD2, ​​and a parasitic capacitor C_LD3, respectively.

[0103] Assuming there is no driving current I R and drive current I B The flow passes through the first pixel P1 and the third pixel P3 (i.e., I) adjacent to the second pixel P2. R =0, I B When =0), the second driving current I flows through the second pixel P2. G Some of the light can leak to the first pixel P1 and the third pixel P3 through the common layer (e.g., conductive patterns / components connected to each other) of the first light-emitting element LD1, the second light-emitting element LD2, and the third light-emitting element LD3. This leakage is defined as lateral leakage. Leakage charge Qleakage can occur from the second pixel P2 to the first pixel P1 and the third pixel P3, and due to the reduction of the charge Q-Qleakage, the second pixel P2 emits light with a brightness lower than the desired brightness.

[0104] When the second drive current I G When the current is significantly greater than the leakage current, the rate of brightness reduction is small, and therefore, the reduction in brightness is not noticeable to the user of the display device. When the second drive current I... G When the current is relatively small, the rate of brightness reduction is relatively large, and therefore, the reduction in brightness is noticeable to the user. That is, in low-current regions where the drive current is relatively small (or in low-brightness regions and / or low-grayscale regions), the altered or undesirable light-emitting characteristics of the pixel can be noticeable.

[0105] Figure 4 The following is illustrated according to the implementation method. Figure 1 The brightness of the grayscale level of the pixel PX included in the display device 1000.

[0106] Reference Figure 4 The first curve CURVE_D1, the second curve CURVE_D2, the third curve CURVE_D3, and the fourth curve CURVE_D4 represent the values ​​based on the input grayscale level GRAY_IN. Figure 1The brightness of the input image data (RGB, including gray levels) shown is represented by the curves. The first curve CURVE_D1 to the fourth curve CURVE_D4 correspond to gamma curves for the dimming level of the display device 1000. The fourth curve CURVE_D4 corresponds to a dimming level lower than that of the first curve CURVE_D1. The dimming level is the ratio of the maximum display brightness to the maximum brightness of the display device 1000, and a higher dimming level results in a higher maximum display brightness.

[0107] exist Figure 4 In the second region A2 shown (a low grayscale region with grayscale levels ranging from 0 to 32), the third actual curve CURVE_D3' with a dimming level of 50% exhibits a brightness lower than the third curve CURVE_D3 (the ideal gamma curve). Similarly, the fourth actual curve CURVE_D4' with a dimming level of 25% exhibits a brightness lower than the fourth curve CURVE_D4, and, for example, a grayscale level of 14 (14G) or less on the fourth actual curve CURVE_D4' can essentially correspond to a brightness of zero.

[0108] The controller 400 can display the grayscale range where the brightness of the input image data RGB is not shown (e.g., Figure 4 The input gray level GRAY_IN (shown as a gray level range of 14 or less) is remapped to a gray level in the gray level range of the brightness display (e.g., a gray level range greater than 14).

[0109] Figure 5 An embodiment is shown. Figure 1 A block diagram of the controller 400 included in the display device 1000.

[0110] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5 The controller 400 may include a first data compensator / regulator 420, a second data compensator / regulator 440, and a memory 460.

[0111] The first data compensator 420 can remap the input gray level GRAY_IN, included in the input image data RGB, from a first gray level range to a second gray level range to generate a remapped gray level GRAY_RE. The remapped gray level GRAY_RE can be included in the first data DATA1.

[0112] Before remapping the input grayscale level GRAY_IN, the first data compensator 420 can convert the input image data RGB into a data format corresponding to the arrangement of pixels PX.

[0113] The first data compensator 420 can use the first lookup table LUT1 stored in the memory 460 to remap the input gray level GRAY_IN to the remapped gray level GRAY_RE.

[0114] The second data compensator 440 can calculate compensation / adjustment coefficients based on a reference coefficient. The second data compensator 440 can generate a compensated / adjusted gray level GRAY_C (or a second compensated gray level) for the target pixel by applying weights (calculated based on the compensation coefficients) to the remapped gray level GRAY_RE (or the first compensated gray level). The compensated gray level GRAY_C can be included in the second data DATA2.

[0115] The second data compensator 440 can use the second lookup table LUT2 stored in the memory 460 to extract the base coefficients for calculating the compensation coefficients.

[0116] The memory 460 can store a first lookup table LUT1 and a second lookup table LUT2. The memory 460 may be a non-volatile memory.

[0117] Figure 6 It is used to illustrate the implementation method. Figure 5 A diagram illustrating the operation of the first data compensator 420 included in the controller 400 shown. Figure 7 A first lookup table LUT1 used by the first data compensator 420 according to an embodiment is shown.

[0118] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The first graph, GRAPH1, shows the relationship between the input gray level GRAY_IN and the remapped gray level GRAY_RE (or the first compensated gray level) included in the input image data RGB.

[0119] The first data compensator 420 can remap gray levels included in the first gray level range to remapped gray levels GRAY_RE included in the second gray level range.

[0120] The first gray level range may include a first low gray level region, and the second gray level range may include a second low gray level region. The second low gray level region may be included within the gray level range of the first low gray level region (or within the boundaries of the first low gray level region).

[0121] The first data compensator 420 can remap the first low gray level included in the first low gray level region to the second low gray level included in the second low gray level region.

[0122] The first data compensator 420 can remap the input gray level GRAY_IN (e.g., 0, 1, and 2) included in a first low gray level region with gray levels from 0 to 32 to a remapped gray level GRAY_RE (e.g., 14, 14.25, and 14.5) included in a second low gray level region with gray levels from 14 to 32.

[0123] The first data compensator 420 can be referenced. Figure 4 The first data compensator 420 finds a first gray level (e.g., a gray level of 14) where brightness begins to display (e.g., light begins to be emitted) in the fourth actual curve CURVE_D4', and sets this first gray level as the starting gray level (e.g., the minimum gray level in the second low gray level region). The first data compensator 420 finds a second gray level (e.g., a gray level of 32) where the fourth actual curve CURVE_D4' and the fourth curve CURVE_D4 intersect, and sets this second gray level as the ending gray level (e.g., the maximum gray level in the second low gray level region). The first data compensator 420 can remap the input gray level GRAY_IN, which is included in the first low gray level region (having gray levels from 0 to 32), to the remapped gray level GRAY_RE, which is included in the second low gray level region (having gray levels from 14 to 32).

[0124] The first data compensator 420 can remap the input gray level GRAY_IN in the first gray level range to the remapped gray level GRAY_RE in the second gray level range according to Equation 1 below.

[0125] [Equation 1]

[0126] GRAY_RE=(GRAY_END-GRAY_START) / GRAY_END*GRAY_IN+GRAY_START

[0127] GRAY_END ends the grayscale level, and GRAY_START begins the grayscale level.

[0128] The first data compensator 420 can use a first lookup table LUT1 to remap the input grayscale level GRAY_IN to a remapped grayscale level GRAY_RE. The first lookup table LUT1 may include mapping information between the input grayscale level GRAY_IN and the remapped grayscale level GRAY_RE, and may be stored in the memory 460.

[0129] like Figure 7 As shown, the first lookup table LUT1 may include remapped gray levels GRAY_RE in the range of 14 to 32 corresponding to the input gray levels GRAY_IN of 0 to 32.

[0130] An input gray level GRAY_IN of 0 corresponds to a remapped gray level GRAY_RE of 14, and as the input gray level GRAY_IN increases to a gray level of 1, the remapped gray level GRAY_RE can increase to a gray level of less than 1, such as 0.25 or 0.5.

[0131] Accordingly, the low gray levels of the input image data RGB can be remapped to larger values ​​for higher brightness.

[0132] The remapped grayscale level GRAY_RE corresponding to each of the target pixel and related pixels can be provided as first data DATA1 to the second data compensator 440. The second data compensator 440 can use the remapped grayscale level GRAY_RE included in the first data DATA1 to generate second data DATA2 including the final compensated / adjusted grayscale level GRAY_C.

[0133] Figure 8 It shows Figure 5 The change in the gamma curve of the controller 400.

[0134] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 Perform grayscale remapping for each of the image data corresponding to the first pixel PX1, the second pixel PX2, and the third pixel PX3, and adjust the luminescence characteristics (or gamma characteristics) of each of the first pixel PX1 to the third pixel PX3 to be the same as or similar to the reference gamma characteristics (e.g., represented by the gamma curve in 2.2).

[0135] like Figure 8 As shown, the first gamma curve CURVE1, representing the luminescence characteristics of the first pixel PX1 emitting light of the first color, can be converted into a first compensated gamma curve CURVE_RE1 with the same or similar shape as the reference gamma curve through grayscale remapping (i.e., first compensation). The second gamma curve CURVE2, representing the luminescence characteristics of the second pixel PX2 emitting light of the second color, can be converted into a second compensated gamma curve CURVE_RE2 with the same or similar shape as the reference gamma curve. The third gamma curve CURVE3, representing the luminescence characteristics of the third pixel PX3 emitting light of the third color, can be converted into a third compensated gamma curve CURVE_RE3 with the same or similar shape as the reference gamma curve.

[0136] When the first compensated gamma curve CURVE_RE1, the second compensated gamma curve CURVE_RE2, and the third compensated gamma curve CURVE_RE3 are merged into a single white gamma curve CURVE_W1, the shape of the white gamma curve CURVE_W1 can be different from the shapes of the first compensated gamma curve CURVE_RE1, the second compensated gamma curve CURVE_RE2, and the third compensated gamma curve CURVE_RE3, and can represent different gamma characteristics.

[0137] This is because when the first pixel PX1, the second pixel PX2, and the third pixel PX3 emit light simultaneously, the effect of lateral leakage occurring in each of the first pixel PX1, the second pixel PX2, and the third pixel PX3 is reduced.

[0138] Second data compensator 440 (see also) Figure 5 A second compensation can be performed on the white gamma curve CURVE_W1 to readjust it to a calibrated / adjusted white gamma curve CURVE_W2. The calibrated white gamma curve CURVE_W2 can then be matched to the reference gamma curve.

[0139] Compensation filters that can use three colors as a reference can be applied to each channel of image data corresponding to red, green, and blue to compensate for lateral leakage.

[0140] When this type of compensation filter is applied, the compensation characteristics for mixed colors (generated by mixing two of the three colors of light) are insufficient. For example, when emitting low grayscale and / or low brightness yellow light by mixing red and green light, low brightness (referring to the input grayscale) may be displayed due to lateral leakage and insufficient compensation characteristics, or the color characteristics of the low grayscale may be degraded.

[0141] The second data compensator 440 of the display device 1000 and / or controller 400 may be equipped with a compensation filter suitable for a mixture of red, green and blue colors.

[0142] Figure 9 An embodiment is shown. Figure 5 The compensation filter used in the second data compensator 440 included in the controller 400 shown.

[0143] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 9 The second data compensator 440 can apply the compensation / adjustment filter FT to the image data of the target pixel (input gray level GRAY_IN or remapped gray level GRAY_RE) to calculate the compensated / adjusted gray level GRAY_C.

[0144] The compensation filter FT can have a 1-row × 5-column structure and can include a first weight a1, a second weight a2, a third weight a3, a fourth weight a4, and a reference weight a0. The reference weight a0 is a coefficient applied to the remapped gray level GRAY_RE corresponding to the target pixel, and can be, for example, 0.

[0145] Each of the first weight a1, the second weight a2, the third weight a3, and the fourth weight a4 can be greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1. For example, each of the first weight a1, the second weight a2, the third weight a3, and the fourth weight a4 can be a constant in the range of 0.01 to 0.2.

[0146] Each of the first weights a1 to the fourth weights a4 can correspond to one of the relevant pixels surrounding the target pixel. When the compensation filter FT comprises 1 row × 5 columns, the relevant pixels are the two left and two right pixels of the target pixel in the same pixel row / set as the target pixel, and each of the first weights a1 to the fourth weights a4 can correspond to one of the relevant pixels.

[0147] The farther a pixel is from the target pixel, the smaller the impact of lateral leakage on the target pixel. Therefore, the weight of a related pixel can be smaller as it gets farther from the target pixel. The first weight a1 can be smaller than the second weight a2, and the fourth weight a4 can be smaller than the third weight a3.

[0148] The compensation filter FT can have a 3-row × 3-column structure.

[0149] Figure 10 An embodiment is shown. Figure 1 The display device 1000 includes a display area 100.

[0150] Reference Figure 10 The multiple pixels included in the display area 100 can be arranged in an RGBG structure, such as a PENTILE™ structure.

[0151] The plurality of pixels can be arranged such that red pixels (e.g., R11), green pixels (e.g., G11), blue pixels (e.g., B12), and green pixels (e.g., G12) are repeatedly arranged in a first pixel row / set (including two horizontal pixel lines). The plurality of pixels can be arranged such that blue pixels (e.g., B21), green pixels (e.g., G21), red pixels (e.g., R22), and green pixels (e.g., G22) are repeatedly arranged in a second pixel row / set (including two horizontal pixel lines).

[0152] Each of the plurality of odd-numbered pixel rows / sets includes pixels arranged in a manner substantially equivalent to the pixel arrangement structure of the first pixel row / set, and each of the plurality of even-numbered pixel rows / sets includes pixels arranged in a manner substantially equivalent to the pixel arrangement structure of the second pixel row / set.

[0153] Figure 11 An embodiment is shown. Figure 9 TF compensation filters are applied to Figure 10 The display area is 100.

[0154] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 The second data compensator 440 can be sequentially changed (by...) Figure 11 The target pixel is indicated by the shaded portion in the image, and the compensation filter FT can be sequentially applied to the image data for each modified target pixel.

[0155] The second data compensator 440 can (continuously) calculate the compensated gray level GRAY_C while shifting the compensated filter FT in pixels.

[0156] In the first step STEP1, the second data compensator 440 can select the blue pixel B12 as the target pixel to apply the compensation filter FT. The second data compensator 440 can calculate the compensation / adjustment value or the compensated / adjusted gray level GRAY_C corresponding to the blue pixel B12 based on the gray levels corresponding to the red pixel R11, green pixel G11, blue pixel B12, green pixel G12, and red pixel R13 corresponding to the compensation filter FT, and the first weight a1 to the fourth weight a4. When the blue pixel B12 is the target pixel, the red pixels R11, green pixels G11, green pixels G12, and red pixel R13 can be related pixels.

[0157] In the second step STEP2, the second data compensator 440 can select the green pixel G12 as the target pixel to apply the compensation filter FT. Accordingly, the compensation value or the compensated gray level GRAY_C corresponding to the green pixel G12 can be calculated.

[0158] When the calculation of the compensation value for a pixel row / set or the second compensated gray level GRAY_C is completed, the second data compensator 440 can sequentially apply the compensation filter FT to the pixels of the next row / set.

[0159] In the third step STEP3, the second data compensator 440 can select the red pixel R22 as the target pixel to apply the compensation filter FT. Accordingly, the compensation value or the compensated gray level GRAY_C corresponding to the red pixel R22 can be calculated.

[0160] Subsequently, in the fourth step STEP4, the second data compensator 440 selects the green pixel G22 as the target pixel to apply the compensation filter FT. The second data compensator 440 can repeatedly calculate the weights and compensation values ​​(or compensated gray levels GRAY_C) while shifting the compensation filter FT in pixels along the row (or horizontal) direction.

[0161] Figure 12 Multiple compensation filters according to embodiments are shown applied to Figure 10 The display area is 100.

[0162] Reference Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 12 In the first step STEP1 to the fourth step STEP4, the second data compensator 440 can selectively apply the blue filter FT_B, the first green filter FTG_1, the red filter FT_R, and the second green filter FT_G2 to four different target pixels respectively.

[0163] like Figure 12 As shown, in the first step STEP1, when the blue pixel B12 is the target pixel, the second data compensator 440 can apply the blue filter FT_B.

[0164] The blue filter FT_B may include a reference blue weight b0 and multiple blue weights b1, b2, b3, and b4. The red filter FT_R may include a reference red weight r0 and multiple red weights r1, r2, r3, and r4. The first green filter FTG_1 may include a first reference green weight g0 and multiple first green weights g1, g2, g3, and g4. The second green filter FT_G2 may include a second reference green weight g0' and multiple second green weights g1', g2', g3', and g4'.

[0165] Figure 13 An embodiment is shown. Figure 5 A block diagram of the second data compensator / regulator 440 included in the controller 400 shown. Figure 14 An embodiment is shown. Figure 13 The second lookup table LUT2 used in the second data compensator 440 shown. Figures 15A to 15F This is for illustrating the use according to the implementation method. Figure 14 The graph shows the calculation of the weights of the second lookup table LUT2.

[0166] Reference Figures 9 to 15F The second data compensator 440 may include a color trend determiner 442, a coefficient calculator 444, a filter weight calculator 446, and a gray level compensator / adjuster 448.

[0167] The first, second, and third colors can be red, green, and blue, respectively. The first, second, third, and fourth mixed colors can be yellow, magenta, cyan, and white, respectively.

[0168] The color trend determiner 442 determines the color trend CT_D by comparing the gray levels of the colors of image data for multiple pixels T_PX, PX1, PX2, PX3, and PX4 corresponding to weights and positions specified in the compensation filter FT. The compensation filter FT may have a 1-row × 5-column structure.

[0169] The color trend determiner 442 can calculate the average value of the red gray level, the average value of the green gray level, and the average value of the blue gray level corresponding to the compensation filter FT.

[0170] Reference Figure 13 The color trend determiner 442 can calculate the average gray level of each color from the first data DATA1 after gray level remapping. The color trend determiner 442 can use the input image data RGB to calculate the average gray level of each color.

[0171] The color trend determiner 442 compares the average values ​​of the red, green, and blue gray levels. Accordingly, it can predict the color of the light that primarily affects the target pixel T_PX.

[0172] The grayscale relationship between these three colors can be one of the six conditions shown in Table 1 below.

[0173] (Table 1)

[0174] condition relation CONDITION1 DI(R)≥DI(G)≥DI(B) CONDITION2 DI(R)≥DI(B)≥DI(G) CONDITION3 DI(B)≥DI(R)≥DI(G) CONDITION4 DI(G)≥DI(R)≥DI(B) CONDITION5 DI(G)≥DI(B)≥DI(R) CONDITION6 DI(B)≥DI(G)≥DI(R)

[0175] An equality relationship can be established under all conditions. That is, any condition can be applied when the predetermined gray levels are the same. In the first condition CONDITION1, the red gray level DI(R) is greater than or equal to the green gray level DI(G), and the green gray level DI(G) is greater than or equal to the blue gray level DI(B). In the sixth condition CONDITION6, the blue gray level DI(B) is greater than or equal to the green gray level DI(G), and the green gray level DI(G) is greater than or equal to the red gray level DI(R).

[0176] Color trend determiner 442 can provide color trend CT_D corresponding to one of the first conditions CONDITION1 to the sixth condition CONDITION6 to coefficient calculator 444.

[0177] The coefficient calculator 444 calculates the first coefficient C1, the second coefficient C2, and the third coefficient C3 corresponding to red, green, and blue based on the color trend CT_D and the differences between multiple reference coefficients R_FACT, G_FACT, B_FACT, C_FACT, M_FACT, Y_FACT, and W_FACT. The multiple reference coefficients R_FACT, G_FACT, B_FACT, C_FACT, M_FACT, Y_FACT, and W_FACT can correspond to values ​​for red, green, blue, cyan, magenta, yellow, and white.

[0178] The coefficient calculator 444 can extract the three-dimensional coordinate values ​​of multiple baseline coefficients R_FACT, G_FACT, B_FACT, C_FACT, M_FACT, Y_FACT and W_FACT corresponding to the color trend CT_D from the second lookup table LUT2.

[0179] Reference Figures 14 to 15F The second lookup table (LUT2) can have a three-dimensional format. Figures 15A to 15F Each of the hexahedrons shown in the table can be derived from the reference coefficients of the second lookup table LUT2. With the K coordinate K(0,0,0) as the origin, the red coordinate value RC(r,g,b), green coordinate value GC(r,g,b), blue coordinate value BC(r,g,b), yellow coordinate value YC(r,g,b), magenta coordinate value MC(r,g,b), cyan coordinate value CC(r,g,b), and white coordinate value WC(r,g,b) can be determined by the second lookup table LUT2.

[0180] exist Figures 15A to 15F In each of these, the x-axis X can be the red axis R, the y-axis Y can be the green axis G, and the z-axis Z can be the blue axis B.

[0181] like Figure 14 As shown, the second lookup table LUT2 may include: a first table, which includes the values ​​of multiple base coefficients R_FACT, G_FACT, B_FACT, C_FACT, M_FACT, Y_FACT, and W_FACT corresponding to the x-coordinate (i.e., the red axis R); a second table, which includes the values ​​of multiple base coefficients R_FACT, G_FACT, B_FACT, C_FACT, M_FACT, Y_FACT, and W_FACT corresponding to the y-coordinate (i.e., the green axis G); and a third table, which includes the values ​​of multiple base coefficients R_FACT, G_FACT, B_FACT, C_FACT, M_FACT, Y_FACT, and W_FACT corresponding to the z-coordinate (i.e., the blue axis B).

[0182] Each of the first to third tables corresponding to the compensation filter FT may include the values ​​of multiple reference coefficients R_FACT, G_FACT, B_FACT, C_FACT, M_FACT, Y_FACT, and W_FACT corresponding to the first associated pixel PX1, the second associated pixel PX2, the third associated pixel PX3, the fourth associated pixel PX4, and the target pixel T_PX.

[0183] The values ​​of multiple reference coefficients R_FACT, G_FACT, B_FACT, C_FACT, M_FACT, Y_FACT, and W_FACT can be experimentally determined through testing to examine the interactions and lateral leakage during light emission.

[0184] The red coordinate values ​​RC(r, g, b), green coordinate values ​​GC(r, g, b), blue coordinate values ​​BC(r, g, b), yellow coordinate values ​​YC(r, g, b), magenta coordinate values ​​MC(r, g, b), cyan coordinate values ​​CC(r, g, b), and white coordinate values ​​WC(r, g, b) corresponding to the color trends CT_D of each of the first related pixel PX1, the second related pixel PX2, the third related pixel PX3, the fourth related pixel PX4, and the target pixel T_PX can be determined by the second lookup table LUT2.

[0185] For the target pixel T_PX, the coordinates of the hexahedron used to calculate the first coefficient C1, the second coefficient C2, and the third coefficient C3 can be determined as follows.

[0186] The red coordinate value RC(r, g, b) is RC(RR0, 0, 0), the green coordinate value GC(r, g, b) is GC(0, GG0, 0), and the blue coordinate value BC(r, g, b) is BC(0, 0, BB0). The yellow coordinate value YC(r, g, b) is YC(RY0, GY0, 0), the magenta coordinate value MC(r, g, b) is MC(RM0, 0, BM0), and the cyan coordinate value CC(r, g, b) is CC(0, GC0, BC0). The white coordinate value WC(r, g, b) is WC(RW0, GW0, BW0).

[0187] Similarly, the reference coefficients of the first relevant pixel PX1 to the fourth relevant pixel PX4 can be extracted in a hexahedral format.

[0188] exist Figures 15A to 15FIn this context, the shape formed by the coordinate values ​​of multiple reference coefficients R_FACT, G_FACT, B_FACT, C_FACT, M_FACT, Y_FACT, and W_FACT can be a rectangular parallelepiped. The shape of this parallelepiped can depend on the multiple reference coefficients R_FACT, G_FACT, B_FACT, C_FACT, M_FACT, Y_FACT, and W_FACT.

[0189] The coefficient calculator 444 can use the second lookup table LUT2 and color trend CT_D to calculate and... Figures 15A to 15F The first coefficient C1, the second coefficient C2, and the third coefficient C3 correspond to one of the conditions. Referring to Table 1, the color trend determiner 442 can select the color trend CT_D corresponding to one of the six conditions CONDITION1 to CONDITION6.

[0190] The coefficient calculator 444 can extract the coordinate values ​​corresponding to the color trend CT_D, and can calculate the length / value in the x-axis (X direction), y-axis (Y direction), and z-axis (Z direction) from the extracted values. The lengths in the x-axis (X direction), y-axis (Y direction), and z-axis (Z direction) can be defined as the first coefficient C1, the second coefficient C2, and the third coefficient C3, respectively.

[0191] The first coefficient C1, the second coefficient C2, and the third coefficient C3 can be calculated based on colors with high gray levels (i.e., the reference coefficients of colors that have a significant impact on the perceived color). The first coefficient C1, the second coefficient C2, and the third coefficient C3 for each of the six conditions CONDITION1 to CONDITION6 can be calculated as shown in Table 2 below.

[0192] (Table 2)

[0193]

[0194]

[0195] For example, in the first condition CONDITION1, red and (a mixture of red and green) yellow can primarily affect lateral leakage. Accordingly, the color trend CT_D under the first condition CONDITION1 can be defined as (and / or corresponding to) Figure 15A The tetrahedron shown. The first coefficient C1 is from... Figure 15A The length of the tetrahedron in the x-axis direction is calculated and can be determined as the distance (|RC-K|) between the red coordinate value RC(r, g, b) and the origin K(0, 0, 0).

[0196] Similarly, the second coefficient C2 is from Figure 15AThe length of the tetrahedron along the y-axis (Y direction) is calculated and can be determined as the distance (|YC-RC|) between the yellow coordinate value YC(r, g, b) and the red coordinate value RC(r, g, b). The third coefficient C3 is derived from... Figure 15A The length of the tetrahedron in the z-axis direction is calculated and can be determined as the distance (|WC-YC|) between the white coordinate value WC(r, g, b) and the yellow coordinate value YC(r, g, b).

[0197] The reference coefficients of the target pixel T_PX, the first related pixel PX1, the second related pixel PX2, the third related pixel PX3, and the fourth related pixel PX4 can be independent of each other. Accordingly, the first coefficient C1 to the third coefficient C3 can be calculated separately for each of the target pixel T_PX, the first related pixel PX1, the second related pixel PX2, the third related pixel PX3, and the fourth related pixel PX4.

[0198] In the second condition CONDITION2, red and (a mixture of red and blue) magenta can primarily affect lateral leakage. Accordingly, the color tendency CT_D under the second condition CONDITION2 can be defined as (and / or corresponding to) Figure 15B The tetrahedron shown is given by the following parameters. The first coefficient C1 is the distance (|RC-K|) between the red coordinate value RC(r, g, b) and the origin K(0, 0, 0). The second coefficient C2 is the distance (|WC-MC|) between the white coordinate value WC(r, g, b) and the magenta coordinate value MC(r, g, b). The third coefficient C3 is the distance (|MC-RC|) between the magenta coordinate value MC(r, g, b) and the red coordinate value RC(r, g, b).

[0199] In the third condition CONDITION3, blue and (a mixture of blue and red) magenta can primarily affect lateral leakage. Accordingly, the color tendency CT_D under the third condition CONDITION3 can be defined as (and / or corresponding to) Figure 15C The tetrahedron shown is represented by the following coefficients: First coefficient C1: The distance between the magenta coordinate value MC(r, g, b) and the blue coordinate value BC(r, g, b) (|MC - BC|). Second coefficient C2: The distance between the white coordinate value WC(r, g, b) and the magenta coordinate value MC(r, g, b) (|WC - MC|). Third coefficient C3: The distance between the blue coordinate value BC(r, g, b) and the origin K(0, 0, 0) (|BC - K|).

[0200] In Condition CONDITION4, green and (a mixture of green and red) yellow can primarily affect lateral leakage. Accordingly, the color trend CT_D in Condition CONDITION4 can be defined as (and / or corresponding to) Figure 15D The tetrahedron shown is represented by the following coefficients: The first coefficient C1 is the distance (|YC-GC|) between the yellow coordinate value YC(r, g, b) and the green coordinate value GC(r, g, b). The second coefficient C2 is the distance (|GC-K|) between the green coordinate value GC(r, g, b) and the origin K(0, 0, 0). The third coefficient C3 is the distance (|WC-YC|) between the white coordinate value WC(r, g, b) and the yellow coordinate value YC(r, g, b).

[0201] In Condition CONDITION 5, green and (a mixture of green and blue) cyan can primarily affect lateral leakage. Accordingly, the color tendency CT_D under Condition CONDITION 5 can be defined as (and / or corresponding to) Figure 15E The tetrahedron shown is given by the following coefficients: The first coefficient C1 represents the distance (|WC-CC|) between the white coordinate value WC(r, g, b) and the cyan coordinate value CC(r, g, b). The second coefficient C2 represents the distance (|GC-K|) between the green coordinate value GC(r, g, b) and the origin K(0, 0, 0). The third coefficient C3 represents the distance (|CC-GC|) between the cyan coordinate value CC(r, g, b) and the green coordinate value GC(r, g, b).

[0202] In Condition CONDITION 6, blue and (a mixture of green and blue) cyan can primarily affect lateral leakage. Accordingly, the color trend CT_D in Condition CONDITION 6 can be defined as (and / or corresponding to) Figure 15F The tetrahedron shown is given by the following coefficients: The first coefficient C1 is the distance (|WC-CC|) between the white coordinate value WC(r, g, b) and the cyan coordinate value CC(r, g, b). The second coefficient C2 is the distance (|CC-BC|) between the cyan coordinate value CC(r, g, b) and the blue coordinate value BC(r, g, b). The third coefficient C3 is the distance (|BC-K|) between the blue coordinate value BC(r, g, b) and the origin K(0, 0, 0).

[0203] The filter weight calculator 446 applies a first coefficient C1, a second coefficient C2, and a third coefficient C3 to the ratio of the gray levels of the first to third colors to the maximum gray level, thereby calculating the weighted FTW (i.e., Figure 9 (a1, a2, a3, and a4 shown in the figure). The method for calculating the weighted FTW can be expressed as Equation 2 below.

[0204] [Equation 2]

[0205] WV(n) = k + C1(n)*DI(R) / DMAX + C2(n)*DI(G) / DMAX + C3(n)*DI(B) / DMAX, where n is a natural number less than or equal to 4.

[0206] WV(n) is the weight of the nth related pixel, k is a constant used for additional compensation, C1(n) is the first coefficient C1 of the nth related pixel, DI(R) is the average red gray level in the compensation filter FT, and DMAX is the maximum gray level set for the display device. C2(n) is the second coefficient C2 of the nth related pixel, DI(G) is the average green gray level in the compensation filter FT, C3(n) is the third coefficient C3 of the nth related pixel, and DI(B) is the average blue gray level in the compensation filter FT.

[0207] The weights calculated using Equation 2 can be obtained by applying the weights based on... Figures 15A to 15F It is obtained by interpolating the actual gray level and the maximum gray level of one of the tetrahedrons.

[0208] The average value of each gray level can be calculated from the first data DATA1. The average value of each gray level can also be calculated from the input image data RGB without gray level remapping.

[0209] The first weights a1 to the fourth weights a4 of the compensation filter FT can be calculated according to Equation 2. The position and number of relevant pixels, as well as the weights FTW, can be configured according to the shape / structure and size of the compensation filter FT.

[0210] The gray level compensator / adjuster 448 can generate the compensated / adjusted gray level GRAY_C of the target pixel T_PX based on the value obtained by applying the weight TFW of the compensation filter FT to the remapped gray level GRAY_RE of the pixel (first related pixel PX1 to fourth related pixel PX4).

[0211] The gray level compensator 448 can calculate the compensated gray level GRAY_C of the target pixel T_PX using the following equation 3.

[0212] [Equation 3]

[0213] CGV_TPX=GV_TPX-G1*G2*(a1*GV_PX1+a2*GV_PX2+a3*GV_PX3+a4*GV_PX4)

[0214] CGV_TPX is the compensation / adjustment value of the target pixel T_PX, GV_TPX is the gray level of the target pixel T_PX before compensation, G1 is the first gain and G2 is the second gain, a1 to a4 are weights TFW, and GV_PX1 to GV_PX4 are the remapped gray levels GRAY_RE of the first related pixel PX1 to the fourth related pixel PX4 respectively.

[0215] The first gain G1 decreases as the remapping grayscale level GRAY_RE of the target pixel T_PX increases, and can be a value between 0 and 1. The second gain G2 decreases as the dimming level of the display device 1000 increases, and can also be a value between 0 and 1.

[0216] Referring to Tables 1 and 2, Equations 1, 2 and 3, the weight FTW and the compensated gray level GRAY_C of the target pixel T_PX can be adjusted according to the gray levels of the first related pixels PX1 to the fourth related pixels PX4 and the gray level relationship (and / or gray level conditions) for each color corresponding to the gray level of the compensation filter FT.

[0217] When at least one of the first related pixels PX1 to the fourth related pixels PX4 emits light, the value of the data signal supplied to the target pixel T_PX corresponding to the input gray level within the first gray level range may have a first voltage level. When none of the first related pixels PX1 to the fourth related pixels PX4 emit light, the value of the data signal supplied to the target pixel T_PX corresponding to the input gray level within the first gray level range may have a second voltage level different from the first voltage level.

[0218] When the input image data RGB corresponding to the target pixel T_PX and the first related pixels PX1 to the fourth related pixels PX4 has a gray level of 30 or less, the value of the data signal supplied to the target pixel T_PX can be adjusted by the operation of the second data compensator 440 according to the gray level corresponding to the first related pixels PX1 to the fourth related pixels PX4.

[0219] In addition to the gray levels of red, green, and blue, the second data compensator 440 and / or the display device 1000 may also use reference coefficients for other mixed colors and gray level relationships (and / or gray level conditions) between the target pixel T_PX and the first related pixels PX1 to the fourth related pixels PX4 for each color to adjust the gray level of the target pixel T_PX. Accordingly, when emitting mixed color light under low gray level and / or low brightness conditions, the decrease in brightness and the deterioration of mixed color characteristics caused by lateral leakage can be mitigated.

[0220] Figure 16 An embodiment is shown. Figure 5The first gain G1 used in the controller 400. Figure 17 An embodiment is shown. Figure 5 The second gain G2 used in the controller 400.

[0221] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 13 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 And Equation 3, the first gain G1 and the second gain G2 can be applied to calculate the compensated / adjusted gray level GRAY_C of the target pixel T_PX.

[0222] When the remapped gray level GRAY_RE is the same as the starting gray level GRAY_START of the second gray level range, the first gain G1 (or global gain) can have a maximum value (e.g., 1). When the remapped gray level GRAY_RE is the same as the ending gray level GRAY_END of the second gray level range, the first gain G1 can have a minimum value (e.g., 0).

[0223] For example, when the remapped gray level GRAY_RE is 14, the first gain G1 can have a value of 1, and when the remapped gray level GRAY_RE is 32, the first gain G1 can have a value of 0.

[0224] The first gain G1 decreases linearly as the remapped gray level GRAY_RE increases within the second gray level range, and it may have a minimum value, for example, a value of 0, when the remapped gray level GRAY_RE is greater than the end gray level GRAY_END of the second gray level range.

[0225] The second gain G2 (or dimming gain) can be set based on the dimming level of the display device 1000, can decrease as the dimming level increases, and can have a value between 0 and 1. The second gain G2 (or dimming gain) can have a maximum value (maximum dimming gain) (e.g., 1) at the minimum dimming level DIM_MIN, and a minimum value (minimum dimming gain) (e.g., 0 or close to 0) at the maximum dimming level DIM_MAX, and can decrease linearly as the dimming level increases.

[0226] For example, when the dimming level is 25%, the second gain G2 can have a value of 1, and when the dimming level is 100%, the second gain G2 can have a value of 0.1.

[0227] The compensation / adjustment value provided in Equation 3 is inversely proportional to the gray level and dimming level.

[0228] Figure 18 An embodiment is shown. Figure 1 The change in the light emission characteristics of the pixel PX included in the display device 1000.

[0229] Reference Figures 5 to 18 The luminance efficiency when emitting mixed color light at low brightness can vary depending on the input gray level GRAY_IN.

[0230] The lower the input gray level GRAY_IN (due to lateral leakage), the lower the luminance efficiency. Luminance efficiency is the ratio of the actual measured luminance to the expected luminance corresponding to the input gray level GRAY_IN. When luminance efficiency is close to 100%, it meets the expected luminance. As luminance efficiency decreases, the pixel PX can emit light with a lower luminance than expected. Figure 18 The luminance efficiency is shown when viewing magenta with a brightness of 2 nits.

[0231] The first efficiency curve CURVE1 shows an example where no data compensation / adjustment is performed.

[0232] The second efficiency curve, CURVE2, illustrates an example of applying a compensation filter using only three colors as a reference to each channel of image data corresponding to red, green, and blue for lateral leakage compensation. Since the effects of mixed colors are not considered, the improvement in luminance efficiency in low grayscale regions is insufficient.

[0233] The third efficiency curve, CURVE3, is the luminance efficiency curve when sufficient data adjustment is applied to the image of the target pixel. That is, for grayscale compensation / adjustment, lateral leakage for not only red, green, and blue is incorporated, but also lateral leakage for mixed colors based on the grayscale relationships between adjacent pixels. Accordingly, when emitting mixed-color light under low grayscale and / or low brightness conditions, the decrease in brightness and the degradation of mixed-color characteristics due to lateral leakage can be mitigated.

[0234] Figure 19 An embodiment is shown. Figure 5 The second lookup table LUT2' used in the second data compensator 440.

[0235] Besides the values ​​of some benchmark coefficients, Figure 19 The second lookup table LUT2' can be compared with the reference Figure 14 The second lookup table LUT2 described is essentially the same.

[0236] Reference Figure 19The second lookup table LUT2' may include three-dimensional coordinate values ​​of multiple reference coefficients R_FACT, G_FACT, B_FACT, C_FACT, M_FACT, Y_FACT, and W_FACT for seven colors (red, green, blue, cyan, magenta, yellow, and white). The second lookup table LUT2' may also include multiple reference coefficients R_FACT, G_FACT, B_FACT, C_FACT, M_FACT, Y_FACT, and W_FACT for the target pixel T_PX, the first related pixel PX1, the second related pixel PX2, the third related pixel PX3, and the fourth related pixel PX4.

[0237] Figure 14 The baseline coefficient with a value of 0 in Figure 19 It can have values ​​other than 0. Accordingly, more accurate data compensation (grayscale compensation) can be achieved for lateral leakage.

[0238] Figure 20 The following is illustrated: applicable according to the embodiments Figure 5 The second data compensator 440 is a compensation filter.

[0239] Reference Figure 20 The second compensation filter FT2, the third compensation filter FT3, and the fourth compensation filter FT4 can have various forms and sizes depending on the setup.

[0240] The second compensation filter FT2 can have a 1-row by 3-column structure. Correspondingly, with... Figure 9 Compared to the first compensation filter FT, the second compensation filter FT2 can reduce or minimize the size of the line memory used to store the gray levels of the relevant pixels. The second compensation filter FT2 can correspond to two relevant pixels and can include two calculated weights a1 and a2. The method for calculating the compensated gray levels using the second compensation filter FT2 can be similar to the method described above.

[0241] The third compensation filter FT3 may have a 3-row by 3-column structure. The gray level of the target pixel can be adjusted by taking into account the lateral leakage caused by light emission from pixels in the same pixel row as the target pixel and pixels in adjacent pixel rows. The third compensation filter FT3 may include multiple weights a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, and a8 for related pixels (or adjacent pixels).

[0242] For even more advanced lateral leakage compensation, the fourth compensation filter FT4 may have a 3-row by 5-column structure. The fourth compensation filter FT4 may include multiple weights a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9, a10, a11, a12, a13, and a14.

[0243] The size and structure of the compensation filter can be configured according to the implementation method.

[0244] Figure 21 An embodiment is shown. Figure 1 The display device 1000 includes a display area 101. Figure 22 An application according to an embodiment is shown. Figure 21 The compensation filter FT5 is used in the display area 101.

[0245] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 21 and Figure 22 The display area 101 may have the following pixel arrangement: red pixels and green pixels are alternately arranged in the red-green pixel column in the second direction DR2, and blue pixels are arranged in the blue pixel column adjacent to the red-green pixel column.

[0246] In display area 101, the light-emitting area of ​​each blue pixel can be larger than the light-emitting area of ​​each red pixel, and can also be larger than the light-emitting area of ​​each green pixel.

[0247] Multiple red pixels R11, R12, R13, and R14, multiple green pixels G11, G12, G13, and G14, and multiple blue pixels B11, B12, B13, and B14 may be included in the first row / set and may be controlled by the same scan line (e.g., the first scan line). Multiple red pixels R21, R22, R23, and R24, multiple green pixels G21, G22, G23, and G24, and multiple blue pixels B21, B22, B23, and B24 may be included in the second row / set and may be controlled by the second scan line.

[0248] Figure 22 A compensation filter FT5 applied to display area 101 is shown. Red pixel R22 may be a target pixel, and the pixels adjacent to the target pixel R22 may be related pixels.

[0249] The FT5 compensation filter can be shifted in pixels and the gray level of the corresponding target pixel can be adjusted.

[0250] Figure 23 An embodiment is shown. Figure 1 The display device 1000 includes a display area 102. Figure 24 An application according to an embodiment is shown. Figure 23 The compensation filter FT6 is used in the display area 102.

[0251] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 23 and Figure 24The display area 102 may have a pixel arrangement structure in which red pixels, green pixels, and blue pixels are arranged in a first direction DR1. Red pixels may be arranged in a first pixel column. Green pixels may be arranged in a second pixel column immediately adjacent to the first pixel column. Blue pixels may be arranged in a third pixel column immediately adjacent to the second pixel column.

[0252] Multiple red pixels R11, R12, R13, and R14, multiple green pixels G11, G12, G13, and G14, and multiple blue pixels B11, B12, B13, and B14 may be included in the first pixel row and may be controlled by the same scan line (e.g., the first scan line). Multiple red pixels R21, R22, R23, and R24, multiple green pixels G21, G22, G23, and G24, and multiple blue pixels B21, B22, B23, and B24 may be included in the second pixel row and may be controlled by the second scan line.

[0253] Figure 24 A compensation filter FT6 applied to display area 102 is shown. Green pixel G22 may be a target pixel, and pixels adjacent to target pixel G22 may be related pixels.

[0254] The FT6 compensation filter can be shifted in pixels and the gray level of the corresponding target pixel can be adjusted.

[0255] As can be understood from the above description, the display device according to the embodiment can adjust the gray level of the target pixel using a reference coefficient for a predetermined mixed color and the gray level relationship between the target pixel and related pixels. Accordingly, when emitting mixed color light under low gray level and / or low brightness conditions, the decrease in brightness and the deterioration of mixed color characteristics caused by lateral leakage can be mitigated.

[0256] While exemplary embodiments have been described, feasible embodiments are not limited to the exemplary embodiments. Fulfillable embodiments cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A display device comprising: a plurality of pixels for displaying an image; a controller that receives image data, selects a target pixel among the plurality of pixels, and generates an adjusted gray scale level for the target pixel based on a gray scale level corresponding to the target pixel and a gray scale level corresponding to a relevant pixel adjacent to the target pixel; a data line; and a data driver that generates a data signal based on the adjusted gray scale level, and supplies the data signal to the target pixel through the data line, wherein at least one of the target pixel, the relevant pixel, and at least one of the plurality of pixels of the display device respectively emits light of three colors different from each other, wherein four mixed colors are different from each other, and each is a mixture of at least two of the three colors, and wherein the controller generates the adjusted gray scale level using a plurality of reference coefficients for at least one of the three colors and for at least one of the four mixed colors, wherein the controller comprises: a first data adjuster that remaps a gray scale level in a first gray scale level range to a first adjusted gray scale level in a second gray scale level range; a second data adjuster that calculates an adjustment coefficient based on the plurality of reference coefficients, and applies a weight calculated based on the adjustment coefficient to the first adjusted gray scale level to generate the adjusted gray scale level for the target pixel; and a memory that stores a lookup table, wherein the second data adjuster calculates the adjustment coefficient through the lookup table and a color tendency determined from a gray scale level relationship among the three colors. The controller selects the target pixel and the relevant pixel according to a structure of a predetermined adjustment filter.

2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein The lookup table includes, for each of the target pixel and the relevant pixel, the plurality of reference coefficients for seven colors, wherein the seven colors include the three colors and the four mixed colors.

3. The display device according to claim 1, wherein In a case where the three colors respectively correspond to three coordinate axes, a set of information extracted from the lookup table is a three-dimensional coordinate value composed of three of the plurality of reference coefficients for the seven colors, 4. The display device according to claim 3, wherein wherein the lookup table: includes a first table including a first subset of the plurality of reference coefficients for the seven colors corresponding to a coordinate of a first axis; includes a second table including a second subset of the plurality of reference coefficients for the seven colors corresponding to a coordinate of a second axis; and includes a third table including a third subset of the plurality of reference coefficients for the seven colors corresponding to a coordinate of a third axis, and wherein a reference coefficient in each of the first subset of the reference coefficients for the seven colors, the second subset of the reference coefficients for the seven colors, and the third subset of the reference coefficients for the seven colors depends on a pixel position specified in a predetermined adjustment filter. The second data adjuster comprises:

5. The display device according to claim 3, wherein ​ a color trend determiner that determines the color trend by comparing the gray scales for the three colors based on image data for the target pixel and the related pixels; a coefficient calculator that calculates first, second, and third coefficients corresponding to the three colors, respectively, based on the color trend and a difference between some of the plurality of reference coefficients for the seven colors; a filter weight calculator that calculates the weight for the related pixels using the first, second, and third coefficients, the gray scales for the three colors, and a maximum gray scale of the display device; and a gray scale adjuster that generates the adjusted gray scale for the target pixel by applying the weight to the respective first adjusted gray scales of the target pixel and the related pixels.

6. The display device of claim 5, wherein, the three colors include red, green, and blue, and wherein the four mixed colors include yellow, magenta, cyan, and white.

7. The display device of claim 6, wherein, the color trend determiner determines the color trend based on one of six conditions according to relationships between a red gray scale, a green gray scale, and a blue gray scale.

8. The display device of claim 7, wherein, the coefficient calculator extracts, from the look-up table, three-dimensional coordinate values of reference coefficients corresponding to the color trend, wherein the three-dimensional coordinate values define a tetrahedron in a color space, and wherein the first, second, and third coefficients are lengths in a first axis direction, a second axis direction, and a third axis direction corresponding to three edges of the tetrahedron.

9. The display device of claim 1, wherein when at least one of the related pixels emits light, the data signal supplied to the target pixel has a first voltage level; and when the related pixels do not emit light, the data signal supplied to the target pixel has a second voltage level different from the first voltage level.

10. The display device of claim 9, wherein when, according to the image data, a gray scale corresponding to the target pixel and a gray scale corresponding to the related pixels are 30 or less, the data signal supplied to the target pixel is adjusted according to the gray scale corresponding to the related pixels.

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