Coriolis flow meter having a flow tube including an insert

Abstract

A Coriolis flow meter (100) includes: a driver (180) coupled to a flow tube (800, 900) and configured to cause the flow tube to oscillate in a drive direction; a pick-off sensor (170L, 170R) coupled to the flow tube (800, 900) and configured to measure movement of the flow tube (800, 900); and a flow tube (800, 900) including a pipe (852) having an inner surface (854) and a plurality of inserts (856a, 856b, 856c, 856d, 956a, 956b), each of the plurality of inserts (856a, 856b, 856c, 856d, 956a, 956b) coupled to at least a first location (858) on the inner surface (854) of the pipe (852).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments described below relate to Coriolis flow meters, and more particularly, to Coriolis flow meters having a flow tube including an insert. Background Art

[0002] A Coriolis flow meter is a type of flow meter that can be used to measure mass flow rate, density, volume flow rate, and provide other information about the flowing material. The flowing material may include liquids, gases, mixed liquids and gases, solids suspended in liquids, and liquids containing gases and suspended solids.

[0003] Figure 1 An example Coriolis flow meter 100 is depicted, which includes a meter assembly 10 and a meter electronics 20. The meter assembly 10 responds to changes in the flow of process material. The meter electronics 20 can be connected to the meter assembly 10 via leads 102 or wirelessly connected to the meter assembly 10 to provide density, volume flow rate, and mass flow rate information on a meter electronics interface 26, as well as other information.

[0004] In this example, the Coriolis flow meter 100 includes two curved flow tubes 130 and 130'. However, in another embodiment, the Coriolis flow meter 100 may include a single flow tube or more than two flow tubes. Alternatively, the Coriolis flow meter 100 may include one or more curved flow tubes or straight flow tubes, as will be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0005] The example meter assembly 10 includes a pair of manifolds 150 and 150', flanges 103 and 103', a pair of parallel flow tubes 130 and 130', a driver 180, and a pair of pickoff sensors 170L and 170R. The flow tubes 130 and 130' are bent at two symmetrical locations along their lengths and are substantially parallel throughout their lengths. The brace bars 140 and 140' are used to define an axis about which each flow tube oscillates.

[0006] When flanges 103 and 103' are connected via inlet end 104 and outlet end 104' to a process line (not shown) carrying process material to be measured, the material enters the meter's inlet end 104 through flange 103 and is directed to flow tube mounting block 120 through manifold 150. Within manifold 150, the material is separated and routed through flow tubes 130 and 130'. Upon exiting flow tubes 130 and 130', the process material is recombined into a single stream within manifold 150' through flow tube mounting block 120' and then routed to outlet end 104' connected to a process line (not shown) through flange 103'.

[0007] Both flow tube 130 and flow tube 130' are driven in opposite directions by driver 180 and in what is referred to as the first out-of-phase bending mode of the Coriolis flow meter 100. The driver 180 may include any of a number of well-known arrangements, such as a magnet mounted to flow tube 130' and an opposing coil mounted to flow tube 130 through which alternating current is passed to cause the two flow tubes to vibrate. A suitable driver voltage is applied to the driver 180 by the meter electronics 20.

[0008] The meter electronics 20 provides a drive signal to the driver 180 to vibrate the flow tubes 130 and 130'. The meter electronics 20 receives the left velocity signal and the right velocity signal from the pickoff sensors 170L and 170R to calculate the mass flow rate, volume flow rate and / or density information of the flow passing through the meter assembly 10.

[0009] Pickoff sensors 170L and 170R measure the displacement of flow tubes 130 and 130' as they vibrate. In the absence of flow through flow tubes 130 and 130', the signals of pickoff sensors 170L and 170R are in phase. However, once flow begins to flow through the vibrating tubes, Coriolis forces are generated on the tubes.

[0010] Fluid flowing through a Coriolis flowmeter may exhibit laminar flow. Fluid in a pipe in laminar flow will have lower velocities near the pipe boundaries and higher velocities away from those boundaries. For this reason, existing Coriolis flowmeters may produce smaller mass Coriolis forces and correspondingly smaller mass flow measurements. Existing Coriolis flowmeters may therefore under-measure fluid flow due to laminar flow.

[0011] There is a need for a Coriolis flow meter with improved measurement accuracy under laminar flow conditions. Summary of the invention

[0012] According to an embodiment, a Coriolis flow meter is provided. The Coriolis flow meter includes: a driver coupled to a flow tube and configured to oscillate the flow tube in a driving direction; a pick-off sensor coupled to the flow tube and configured to measure the movement of the flow tube; and a flow tube including a pipe having an inner surface and a plurality of inserts, each of the plurality of inserts being coupled to at least a first position on the inner surface of the pipe.

[0013] According to an embodiment, a method of assembling a Coriolis flow meter is provided. The method includes providing a flow tube, coupling a driver to the flow tube, the driver configured to oscillate the flow tube in a drive direction, and coupling a pickoff sensor to the flow tube, the pickoff sensor configured to measure the movement of the flow tube, wherein the flow tube includes a pipe having an inner surface and a plurality of inserts, each of the plurality of inserts coupled to at least a first location on the inner surface of the pipe.

[0014] All aspects

[0015] According to one aspect, the plurality of inserts may be shaped as rods.

[0016] According to one aspect, the plurality of inserts may be shaped as fins.

[0017] According to one aspect, the first position of at least one of the plurality of inserts may be within an active portion of the conduit.

[0018] According to one aspect, the first location on the inner surface of the pipe may be within a bend in the pipe.

[0019] According to one aspect, each insert of the plurality of inserts may extend across at least 25% of the diameter of the conduit.

[0020] According to one aspect, each of the plurality of inserts can include a first end coupled to a first location on the inner surface of the pipe and a second end coupled to at least a second location on the inner surface of the pipe.

[0021] According to one aspect, the diameter of the conduit can be at least 2 inches.

[0022] According to one aspect, the plurality of inserts may include a first insert having a first longitudinal extent and a second insert having a second longitudinal extent, the first longitudinal extent being offset from the second longitudinal extent by 45 degrees or more.

[0023] According to one aspect, the plurality of inserts may be shaped as rods.

[0024] According to one aspect, the plurality of inserts may be shaped as fins.

[0025] According to one aspect, the first location on the inner surface of the conduit may be within a movable portion of the conduit.

[0026] According to one aspect, the first location on the inner surface of the pipe may be within a bend in the pipe.

[0027] According to one aspect, each insert of the plurality of inserts may extend across at least 25% of the diameter of the conduit.

[0028] According to one aspect, each of the plurality of inserts can include a first end coupled to a first location on the inner surface of the pipe and a second end coupled to at least a second location on the inner surface of the pipe.

[0029] According to one aspect, the diameter of the conduit can be at least 2 inches.

[0030] According to one aspect, the plurality of inserts may include a first insert having a first longitudinal extent and a second insert having a second longitudinal extent, the first longitudinal extent being offset by 45 degrees or more relative to the second longitudinal extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Like reference numerals represent like elements throughout the drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are not necessarily to scale.

[0032] Figure 1 depicts a flow meter 100 according to an embodiment;

[0033] Figure 2 Depicts a flow tube 200 in motion according to an embodiment;

[0034] Figure 3A Depicts a flow tube 300 in motion according to an embodiment;

[0035] Figure 3B depicts a graph 350 according to an embodiment;

[0036] Figure 4A Depicts a flow tube 400 in motion according to an embodiment;

[0037] Figure 4B depicts a graph 450 according to an embodiment;

[0038] Figure 5A depicts a fluid flow 500 according to an embodiment;

[0039] Figure 5B depicts fluid flow 550 according to an embodiment;

[0040] Figure 6 depicts a graph 600 according to an embodiment;

[0041] Fig. 7A depicts a fluid flow 700 according to an embodiment;

[0042] Figure 7B depicts fluid flow 720 according to an embodiment;

[0043] Figure 7C depicts fluid flow 740 according to an embodiment;

[0044] Fig.7D depicts fluid flow 760 according to an embodiment;

[0045] Fig. 8A depicts a flow tube 800 according to an embodiment;

[0046] Figure 8B depicts detail 850 of flow tube 800 according to an embodiment;

[0047] Fig. 9 depicts a flow tube 900 according to an embodiment; and

[0048] Fig.10 A method 1000 is depicted according to an implementation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] Figures 2 to 10 The following description depicts specific examples of the best mode for teaching those skilled in the art how to make and use the present application. For the purpose of teaching the principles of the invention, some conventional aspects have been simplified or omitted. Those skilled in the art will appreciate variations from these examples that fall within the scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the features described below can be combined in various ways to form a variety of variations of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific examples described below, but is only limited by the claims and their equivalents.

[0050] Figure 2 A moving flow tube 200 is depicted. The moving flow tube 200—which includes the flow tubes 130, 130' of the flow meter 100—oscillates in a first out-of-phase bending mode (drive mode), wherein no fluid flow is present in this figure. Figure 1 As can be seen in FIG. 1 , pickoff sensors 170R, 170L are coupled to flow tubes 130, 130' on each side of driver 180 to measure displacement of flow tubes 130, 130' as they vibrate. Figure 2 In the no-flow condition depicted in FIG, the pickoff sensors 170R, 170L provide symmetrical, in-phase signals. However, after fluid flow begins to flow through the vibrating tube, a Coriolis force is generated on the tube.

[0051] The equation for the Coriolis force is as follows:

[0052] (Equation 1)

[0053] in, is the Coriolis force, m is the mass, is the angular rotation, and is the velocity of the fluid. Figure 3AThe Coriolis force in the presence of fluid flow in an out-of-phase bending mode can be seen in the moving flow tube 300. speed and Coriolis force Two example force vector diagrams are overlaid on Figure 3A On either side of the driver 180 on the flow tube 300 moves.

[0054] exist Figure 3B The Coriolis force distribution along the moving flow tube 300 during the out-of-phase bending mode is depicted in a graph 350 of FIG. In the graph 350, the X-axis is the distance along the axis of the flow tube 130, and the Y-axis is the Coriolis force. Example positions of the pickoff sensors 170L, 170R and the driver 180 are overlaid on the graph 350. It can be seen that the Coriolis force vector Pointing in opposite directions on either side of the drive.

[0055] Figure 4A Depicted is a moving flow tube 400. The moving flow tube 400 includes two flow tubes 130, 130' in an out-of-phase bending mode in which there is fluid flow. Figure 4B A graph 450 is depicted that includes the phase detected at pickoff sensor 170L and pickoff sensor 170R during fluid flow. As can be seen in graph 450, the phase difference between the motion detected at pickoff sensor 170L and pickoff sensor 170R is the phase offset Phase offset The mass flow rate of the measured fluid Proportional to:

[0056]

[0057] And FCF (grams per second / microsecond) is the flow meter flow calibration factor. The flow calibration factor FCF is usually determined by the manufacturer under test conditions.

[0058] Turbulent and laminar flow are determined by the Reynolds number

[0059]

[0060] Wherein, ρ is density, V is velocity, D is diameter, and μ is viscosity. When the Reynolds number Re is lower than 2000, the fluid is approximately laminar flow, and when the Reynolds number Re is higher than 4000, the fluid is approximately turbulent flow. When the Reynolds number Re is between 2000 and 4000, the fluid is in the transition zone between turbulent flow and laminar flow.

[0061] Equation 1 assumes that the fluid velocity The term is uniform throughout the tube. However, the fluid velocity The uniform assumption applies only to fluids in the turbulent flow regime. Fluids in the laminar flow regime have different velocities across the diameter of the flow tube.

[0062] For example, Figure 5A and Figure 5B Fluid flow 500 and fluid flow 550 are depicted, respectively. Fluid flow 500 and fluid flow 550 depict the velocity of turbulent fluid flow and laminar fluid flow, respectively, across the diameter of flow tube 130 (vertically oriented). Distribution (length of horizontal arrows). Figure 5A and Figure 5B The flows in the representation have the same mass m and angular rotation Fluid. Figure 5A and Figure 5B As can be seen in Figure 1, the velocity vector αl and the velocity vector α2 located along the central axis of the flow tube have the same magnitude in laminar and turbulent flow. Therefore, along the central axis of the flow tube, the fluid in laminar and turbulent flow conditions produces approximately the same effective Coriolis force

[0063] However, along the boundary of fluid stream 500 and fluid stream 550, laminar flow is depicted by velocity vector β1, and turbulent flow is depicted by velocity vector β2. For turbulent flow, velocity vector β2 and velocity vector α2 are approximately the same. However, for laminar flow, the inner velocity vector α1 is greater than the outer velocity vector β1. Since the turbulent velocity vector β2 is greater than the laminar velocity vector β1, the fluid in the laminar state will produce a less effective Coriolis force than the fluid in the turbulent state. Therefore, for fluid flow 550, where the fluid is under laminar flow conditions, the mass flow rate determined is may be greater than the mass flow rate determined for fluid flow 500, where the fluid is under turbulent flow conditions. Small.

[0064] Figure 6 A graph 600 is depicted, which illustrates the effect of low flow errors. Graph 600 includes a Y-axis comprising volume error percentage and an X-axis comprising Reynolds number. In graph 600, it can be seen that the number of negative volume errors increases for fluids with Reynolds numbers below 100,000, which may be attributed to undermeasurement due to laminar flow.

[0065] Fig. 7A , Figure 7B , Figure 7C and Fig.7D The fluid flows 720, 740, 760 and 780 around the obstacle 702 are depicted respectively. As can be seen, the fluid flows in the form of laminar flow from the left. FIG. 7A to FIG. 7D The fluid bypasses the obstacle 702 and leaves to the right. FIG. 7A to FIG. 7D .exist Fig. 7A In , the Reynolds number Re of the fluid is less than 1, and the fluid returns to laminar flow after passing through obstacle 702. Figure 7B In , the fluid Reynolds number Re is between 1 and 30, which generates a small amount of vortex activity after passing through obstacle 702 and then returns to laminar flow. Figure 7C In the example, the Reynolds number Re of the fluid is between 30 and 1000, and the fluid generates more vortices after passing through the obstacle 702 to form a von Karman vortex trail. Fig.7D In the embodiment of FIG. 7 , the Reynolds number Re of the fluid is greater than 1000, and the fluid becomes turbulent within a certain distance along the flow tube after passing the obstacle 702 .

[0066] In the embodiment of the present application, similar to Fig.7D Obstruction 702 in the flow tube with the insert is used to generate turbulence in the fluid to reduce the volume error of the fluid with Reynolds number below 100,000. For example, Fig. 8A depicts a partial cutaway view of flow tube 800, and Figure 8B Depicted are details of a flow tube 800 for a Coriolis flow meter 100 according to an embodiment. As described above, the Coriolis flow meter 100 includes a driver 180 coupled to a flow tube, such as the flow tube 700, the driver 180 being configured to oscillate the flow tube 800 in a driving direction. The Coriolis flow meter 100 also includes a pickoff sensor 170L, 170R coupled to the flow tube 800, the pickoff sensor 170L, 170R being configured to measure the movement of the flow tube 800.

[0067] It should be understood that although the Coriolis flowmeter 100 described above includes a dual-channel flowmeter, it is also within the scope of the present invention to implement a single-channel flowmeter or any other multi-channel flowmeter. In addition, although the flow channels 130, 130' are shown as including a curved flow channel configuration, the present invention can be implemented by a flowmeter including one or more straight flow channels. Therefore, the specific embodiment of the Coriolis flowmeter 100 described above is only an example and should not limit the scope of the present invention in any way.

[0068] Flow tube 800 includes a conduit 852 having an inner surface 854. In embodiments, conduit 852 may have a circular cross-section, an elliptical cross-section, or any other cross-section known to those skilled in the art. In the example of flow tube 800, where conduit 852 includes a circular cross-section, inner surface 854 is a cylindrical surface having four bends.

[0069] The flow tube 800 also includes a plurality of inserts, each of which is coupled to at least a first location on the inner surface of the pipe. Figure 8BA plurality of inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d are depicted, and Fig. 8A Additional multiple inserts are depicted along other sections of the flow tube 800. Each of the multiple inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d is coupled to a corresponding location on the inner surface 854 of the conduit 852, such as a first location 858 for insert 856a.

[0070] By positioning a plurality of inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d along the inner surface 854 of the flow tube 800, turbulent flow may be provided within the Coriolis flow meter 100, thereby reducing errors that may occur when the measured fluid exhibits laminar flow.

[0071] The example of flow tube 800 is not intended to be limiting. As one skilled in the art will readily appreciate, flow tube 800 may include any number of inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d to increase turbulence.

[0072] In an embodiment, the first position 858 of at least one of the plurality of inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d can be positioned in an active portion of the flow tube 800. For example, at least one of the plurality of inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d can be positioned in a portion of the flow tube 800 driven to oscillate by the driver 180, such as a portion of the flow tube 800 located at Figure 1 In the portion between the middle strut 140 and the strut 140 ′.

[0073] By providing the inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d in the active portion of the flow tube 800, turbulence can be provided where the Coriolis forces are strongest and where the pickoff sensors 170L, 170R tend to be located. This can minimize errors caused by the Coriolis flow meter 100 not being able to measure fluids in laminar flow conditions.

[0074] In an embodiment, the first position 858 of at least one of the plurality of inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d is located within a bend in the pipe. For example, at least one of the plurality of inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d may be positioned within the bend 802a or a portion of the bend 802b. Fig. 8A and Figure 8B The curved portion 802a or the curved portion 802b can be seen respectively.

[0075] By providing inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d within curved portions 802a, 802b of flow tube 800, turbulence may be generated at locations that provide maximum area turbulence in the measured fluid. This may further help minimize errors due to insufficient measurement of the Coriolis flow meter 100 for fluids in laminar flow conditions.

[0076] In an embodiment, each of the plurality of inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d may extend across at least 25% of the diameter of the conduit 852. By providing the inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d as two separate portions that are not connected to the inner surface 854, turbulence may be maximized without causing alignment issues that may result if the inserts are connected to the inner surface 854 at two separate portions during manufacture of the flow tube 800.

[0077] However, as will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art, each of the plurality of inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d may span any portion of the diameter of the conduit 852. In embodiments, for example, the plurality of inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d may extend across at least 30%, 50%, 70%, or 100% of the diameter of the conduit 852.

[0078] However, in other embodiments, one or more of the plurality of inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d may include a first end coupled to a first location on the inner surface of the pipe and a second end coupled to at least a second location on the inner surface of the pipe. In an example, any of the plurality of inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d may be positioned to pass through the central axis of the flow tube 800. However, in other examples, any of the plurality of inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d may be positioned to cross the cross-section of the flow tube without passing through the central axis of the flow tube 800.

[0079] In an embodiment, the plurality of inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d may be shaped as rods. For example, the plurality of inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d may include a long, thin member having a circular cross-section.

[0080] In other embodiments, the plurality of inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d may be shaped as fins. In an example, a fin may include a generally planar insert having a longitudinal direction extending along the axis of the flow tube.

[0081] In other embodiments, other shapes or orientations of inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d that induce turbulence in the measured fluid and / or allow for low cost manufacturing are possible, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.

[0082] In an embodiment, the diameter of the conduit 852 of the flow tube 800 may be at least 2 inches. This may provide improved metering accuracy in larger meters that are more likely to experience laminar flow that results in under-measurement of the fluid being measured.

[0083] In an embodiment, the plurality of inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d may include a first insert having a first longitudinal extent and a second insert having a second longitudinal extent, the first longitudinal extent being offset by 45 degrees or more relative to the second longitudinal extent. Fig. 9 A cross-sectional view of a flow tube 900 is depicted according to an embodiment. Fig. 9 , it can be seen that the first insert 956a has a first longitudinal extent 902a and the second insert 956b has a second longitudinal extent 902b. In an embodiment, the first insert 956a and the second insert 956b can be located at the same position or at different positions along the longitudinal length of the flow tube 900. The first longitudinal extent 902a is oriented to be offset by 45 degrees or more relative to the second longitudinal extent 902b.

[0084] By orienting one or more of the plurality of inserts 956a, 956b in different directions, the ability of the flow tube 900 to generate turbulence in the fluid being measured may be enhanced.

[0085] Fig.10 A method 1000 is depicted in accordance with an embodiment. The method 1000 may be performed to assemble a Coriolis flow meter in accordance with an embodiment.

[0086] The method 1000 begins at step 1002. In step 1002, a flow tube is provided. For example, as described above, a flow tube 800 can be provided that includes a pipe 852 having an inner surface 854 and a plurality of inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d, each of which is coupled to at least a first location 858 on the inner surface 854 of the pipe 852.

[0087] In an embodiment, the flow tube 800 may be formed by drilling, machining, wire EDM with one or more holes through the pipe 852. Each of the plurality of inserts 856a, 856b, 856c, 856d may then be inserted into a corresponding hole in the plurality of holes and welded, brazed, or otherwise coupled to the pipe 852, thereby sealing the flow tube 800 to prevent fluid leakage.

[0088] In other embodiments, flow tube 800 may be manufactured via injection molding.

[0089] The method 1000 continues to step 1004. In step 1004, a driver is coupled to the flow tube, the driver being configured to cause the flow tube to oscillate in the driving direction. For example, as described above, the driver 180 may be coupled to the flow tube 800 using any coupling technique known to those skilled in the art to cause the flow tube 800 to oscillate in the driving direction.

[0090] The method 1000 continues to step 1006. In step 1006, a pickoff sensor is coupled to the flow tube, the pickoff sensor configured to measure the movement of the flow tube. For example, the pickoff sensors 170L, 170R may be coupled to the flow tube 800 to measure the movement of the flow tube 800 using any coupling technique known to those skilled in the art.

[0091] The method 1000 may allow for the assembly of a Coriolis flow meter that does not suffer from the problem of under-measurement that is present in flow meters where the Reynolds number Re of the measured fluid is below 100,000 and thus tends to exhibit laminar flow.

[0092] In an embodiment of method 1000 , as described above, the plurality of inserts may be shaped as rods.

[0093] In an embodiment of method 1000 , as described above, the plurality of inserts may be shaped as fins.

[0094] In an embodiment of method 1000 , as described above, a first position of at least one of the plurality of inserts may be positioned in an active portion of a conduit.

[0095] In an embodiment of method 1000 , as described above, a first position of at least one of the plurality of inserts may be positioned within a bend in the pipe.

[0096] In embodiments, as described above, each insert of the plurality of inserts may extend across at least 25% of the diameter of the pipe.

[0097] In embodiments, as described above, each of the plurality of inserts may include a first end coupled to a first location on the inner surface of the pipe and a second end coupled to at least a second location on the inner surface of the pipe.

[0098] In embodiments, as described above, the diameter of the conduit may be at least 2 inches.

[0099] In an embodiment, the plurality of inserts 956a, 956b may include a first insert 956a having a first longitudinal extent 902a and a second insert 956b having a second longitudinal extent 902b, the first longitudinal extent 902a being offset by 45 degrees or more relative to the second longitudinal extent 902b.

[0100] Therefore, although specific embodiments are described herein for illustrative purposes, various equivalent modifications are possible within the scope of this specification as those skilled in the relevant art will recognize. Therefore, the scope of the embodiments described above should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A Coriolis flow meter (100), comprising: a driver (180) coupled to the flow tube (800, 900) and configured to cause the flow tube (800, 900) to oscillate in a driving direction; a pick-off sensor (170L, 170R) coupled to the flow tube (800, 900) and configured to measure movement of the flow tube (800, 900); as well as The flow tube (800, 900), the flow tube (800, 900) comprises: a conduit (852), the conduit (852) having an inner surface (854); as well as A plurality of inserts (856a, 856b, 856c, 856d, 956a, 956b), each of the plurality of inserts (856a, 856b, 856c, 856d, 956a, 956b) being coupled to at least a first location (858) on the inner surface (854) of the conduit (852) and configured to generate turbulent flow.

2. The Coriolis flow meter (100) according to claim 1, wherein: The plurality of inserts (856a, 856b, 856c, 856d, 956a, 956b) are shaped as rods.

3. The Coriolis flow meter (100) according to claim 1, wherein: The plurality of inserts (856a, 856b, 856c, 856d, 956a, 956b) are shaped as fins.

4. The Coriolis flow meter (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The first position (858) of at least one of the plurality of inserts (856a, 856b, 856c, 856d, 956a, 956b) is within an active portion of the conduit (852).

5. The Coriolis flow meter (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The first location (858) on the inner surface (854) of the conduit (852) is within a bend (802a, 802b) of the conduit (852).

6. The Coriolis flow meter (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: Each insert of the plurality of inserts (856a, 856b, 856c, 856d, 956a, 956b) extends across at least 25% of the diameter of the conduit (852).

7. The Coriolis flow meter (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: Each of the plurality of inserts (856a, 856b, 856c, 856d, 956a, 956b) includes a first end coupled to the first location (858) on the inner surface (854) of the pipe (852) and a second end coupled to at least a second location on the inner surface (854) of the pipe (852).

8. The Coriolis flow meter (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The diameter of the pipe (852) is at least 2 inches.

9. The Coriolis flow meter (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The plurality of inserts (956a, 956b) include a first insert (956a) having a first longitudinal extent (902a) and a second insert (956b) having a second longitudinal extent (902b), the first longitudinal extent (902a) being offset by 45 degrees or more relative to the second longitudinal extent (902b).

10. A method of assembling a Coriolis flow meter (100), the method comprising: Provide flow tubes (800, 900); coupling a driver (180) to the flow tube (800, 900), the driver (180) being configured to cause the flow tube (800, 900) to oscillate in a driving direction; as well as coupling a pick-off sensor (170L, 170R) to the flow tube (800, 900), the pick-off sensor (170L, 170R) being configured to measure movement of the flow tube (800, 900), The flow tube (800, 900) comprises a pipe (852) and a plurality of inserts (856a, 856b, 856c, 856d, 956a, 956b), wherein the pipe (852) has an inner surface (854), and each of the plurality of inserts (856a, 856b, 856c, 856d, 956a, 956b) is coupled to at least a first position (858) on the inner surface (854) of the pipe (852) and is configured to generate turbulence.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein: The plurality of inserts (856a, 856b, 856c, 856d, 956a, 956b) are shaped as rods.

12. The method according to claim 10, wherein: The plurality of inserts (856a, 856b, 856c, 856d, 956a, 956b) are shaped as fins.

13. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein: The first location (858) on the inner surface (854) of the conduit (852) is within a movable portion of the conduit (852).

14. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein: The first location (858) on the inner surface (854) of the conduit (852) is within a bend (802a, 802b) of the conduit (852).

15. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein: Each insert of the plurality of inserts (856a, 856b, 856c, 856d, 956a, 956b) extends across at least 25% of the diameter of the conduit (852).

16. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 15, wherein: Each of the plurality of inserts (856a, 856b, 856c, 856d, 956a, 956b) includes a first end coupled to the first location (858) on the inner surface (854) of the pipe (852) and a second end coupled to at least a second location on the inner surface (854) of the pipe (852).

17. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 16, wherein: The diameter of the pipe (852) is at least 2 inches.

18. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 17, wherein: The plurality of inserts (956a, 956b) include a first insert (956a) having a first longitudinal extent (902a) and a second insert (956b) having a second longitudinal extent (902b), the first longitudinal extent (902a) being offset by 45 degrees or more relative to the second longitudinal extent (902b).

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