A construction model and design method of ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River

Abstract

The present invention provides a construction mode and design method of an ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, comprising: obtaining the connotation and construction requirements of the ecological waterway of a target river section in the lower reaches of the Yellow River; constructing an intelligent management system; pre-processing the connotation and construction requirements as well as underwater topography based on the intelligent management system, determining the obstructed section of the target river section, and then determining the construction plan of the ecological navigation channel of the target river section; monitoring and obtaining the width and shallowness information of the target river section, and determining the ship design requirements in combination with pre-set ship constraints; determining the ecological port of the target river section, and constructing a corresponding port mode; based on the construction plan, the port mode and the constraints and control conditions for resumption of navigation and ecological waterway construction corresponding to the target river section obtained in advance, the construction of the ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River is realized, which can effectively ensure the rationality of the construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of shipping technology, and in particular to a construction mode and design method of an ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. Background Art

[0002] The lower reaches of the Yellow River have rich water transport resources and a long history of shipping. The North-South Grand Canal dug in the Sui and Tang Dynasties connected the Yellow River with the Huaihe River, Yangtze River, Qiantang River and Haihe River, forming a north-south water transport artery centered on Luoyang. The Yellow River has become an important part of the North-South Grand Canal and the connection between the water "Silk Road" and the land "Silk Road", and has made great contributions to economic development and cultural exchanges throughout the ages. Since the 1990s, due to siltation, interruption of flow and other problems, shipping on the Yellow River in Henan and Shandong has stagnated, becoming a bottleneck problem restricting the development of transportation along the two sides of the Yellow River in Henan and Shandong provinces and the efficient connection of the region. Since the completion of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir, the flow capacity of the main channel of the lower reaches of the Yellow River has reached 5,000m 3 / s, the corresponding water surface width of the minimum navigable flow reaches 120-200m, and the water depth reaches 1.0-2.5m, and the navigation conditions of the Yellow River have been improved. At present, the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin have become a major national strategy. The Outline of the Yellow River Basin Ecological Protection and High-quality Development Plan proposes to "actively promote tourism navigation and segmented navigation in suitable sections of the mainstream of the Yellow River", and it is urgent to innovate the downstream waterway construction model to support the major national strategy.

[0003] A series of problems have emerged in the construction and operation of traditional waterways, including: (1) During the dredging process, mechanical disturbance causes increased turbidity in the water and the spread of bottom pollution, which has a significant impact on the habitat of aquatic organisms. In addition, the complex scouring and silting of the river channel leads to inaccurate identification of obstructed sections and difficulty in determining the scope of dredging; (2) Most ships use fuel-powered systems, which make loud noises during navigation, and emit nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide that pollute the atmosphere. Fuel or ballast water leakage can cause water pollution; (3) Port construction pays little attention to energy-saving and green design concepts, and lacks green functional systems and integrated ship-port intelligent scheduling systems.

[0004] At the same time, the restoration of navigation in the lower reaches of the Yellow River and the construction of ecological waterways are also faced with key issues such as siltation, river flow, and water-related projects that hinder navigation. The Yellow River has little water and much sand. The uncoordinated relationship between water and sand has determined that the lower reaches of the river have been silted up and lifted year by year under natural conditions, becoming a world-famous suspended river on the ground. The lower reaches of the river have a large gradient and the riverbed has poor anti-scouring capacity, resulting in a wide, shallow and scattered riverbed and an unstable mainstream. At present, the river flow of the 299km wandering river section above Gaocun has not been controlled. In addition, there are 47 cross-Yellow River bridges and 63 floating bridges built in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. When some cross-river bridges were built, the navigation of the Yellow River was not considered. There are problems with insufficient bridge clearance height and width, which will pose a serious threat to the safe navigation of ships. The existence of floating bridges directly blocks the river. The above factors have become technical problems that need to be solved urgently to restrict the restoration of navigation in the lower reaches and the construction of ecological waterways.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a construction model and design method of an ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a construction and design method for an ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, which is used to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0007] The present invention provides a construction mode and design method of an ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, comprising:

[0008] Step 1: Obtain the connotation and construction requirements of the ecological waterway corresponding to the target river section in the lower reaches of the Yellow River;

[0009] Step 2: Build an intelligent management system;

[0010] Step 3: Monitor the underwater topography of the target river section, and pre-process the connotation and construction requirements as well as the underwater topography based on the intelligent management system, determine the obstructed section of the target river section, and then determine the construction plan of the ecological navigation channel of the target river section;

[0011] Step 4: Monitor and obtain the width and shallowness information of the target river section, and determine the ship design requirements of the target river section in combination with the pre-set ship constraints;

[0012] Step 5: Determine the eco-port of the target river section, and build a corresponding port model according to the port attributes of the eco-port and the ship design requirements;

[0013] Step 6: Based on the construction plan, port model and the constraints and control conditions for the restoration of navigation and ecological waterway construction corresponding to the target river section obtained in advance, the construction of the ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River is realized.

[0014] In one possible implementation method, step 1, in the process of obtaining the connotation and construction requirements of the ecological waterway corresponding to the target river section in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, also includes:

[0015] Determine the channel conditions of the target river section and the connection requirements with the inland river system, and determine the channel construction level of the connected inland river system;

[0016] Based on the waterway construction level, the construction requirements of the ecological waterway are preliminarily determined.

[0017] In a possible implementation, step 3: monitoring the underwater topography of the target river section, and pre-processing the connotation and construction requirements and the underwater topography based on the intelligent management system, determining the obstruction section of the target river section, and then determining the construction plan of the ecological navigation channel of the target river section, including:

[0018] Monitoring the target river section and determining the river section information of the target river section;

[0019] Determine a waterway regulation plan corresponding to the target river section according to the river section information;

[0020] Determine the dredging scope of the target river section, use dual positioning method and cooperate with multi-beam bathymetry system to detect and identify the underwater terrain of the target river section, and determine the obstruction section of the target river section;

[0021] Analyze the sediment conditions of the obstructed section and the diffusion of pollutants caused by sediment agitation based on the intelligent management system, and match implementation plans from a preset database based on the analysis results;

[0022] Based on the intelligent management system, the implementation plan is split into instructions, and the corresponding target equipment is controlled respectively to manage the obstructed flight segment;

[0023] Based on the intelligent management system, the waterway management and prevention as well as the management results of the obstructed navigation section are analyzed again to determine the construction plan of the ecological navigation channel.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the ship design requirements include: ship size, and port shore power charging equipment matching the ship.

[0025] In a possible implementation, step 5: determining the eco-port of the target river section, and constructing a corresponding port model according to the port attributes and design requirements of the eco-port, including:

[0026] Acquire a set of transverse widths of the target river section, and based on the set of transverse widths, screen a maximum width and a minimum width, and select an eco-port site from a preset port database according to the screening results;

[0027] Determine the port layout of the eco-port corresponding to the site selection;

[0028] The port layout is split to determine the layout positions of target objects of the same type in the port layout, and at the same time, the mutual cooperation relationship between target objects of different types is analyzed;

[0029] According to the layout location and mutual cooperation relationship, the ecological setting of the ecological port corresponding to the site selection is carried out;

[0030] According to the ecological setting results, the port attributes of the ecological port are determined, and the corresponding port model is constructed in combination with the ship design requirements;

[0031] In one possible implementation, the port layout includes: a pilot channel, a sedimentation basin, a harbor, a berthing area, a shore power charging berth and a port service area.

[0032] In a possible implementation, the process of determining the obstructed section of the target river section and determining the construction plan of the ecological navigation channel of the target river section also includes:

[0033] Determine the obstruction building corresponding to the obstruction section, conduct a pre-obstruction cause analysis on the obstruction building, and retrieve the corresponding improvement plan based on the pre-analysis result;

[0034] Carry out in-situ ecological reconstruction of the barrier buildings according to the upgrading plan.

[0035] In a possible implementation, after the corresponding improvement plan is retrieved according to the pre-analysis result, the following is further included:

[0036] Obtaining the above-water building form and underwater building form of the obstacle building, and at the same time, obtaining the predicted navigation obstruction reason, and calculating the obstacle difficulty of the corresponding obstacle building based on the predicted navigation obstruction reason;

[0037]

[0038] Where n1 represents the total number of reasons for preventing navigation; represents the obstruction weight of the i-th pre-obstruction reason, and s i Y represents the difficulty of the i-th pre-obstruction reason, and its value range is (0,1); max Indicates the historical maximum total obstruction value; It represents the maximum value among the n1 obstruction values ​​corresponding to the n1 predicted obstruction reasons; represents the obstacle value corresponding to the i-th predicted obstacle reason; Y1 represents the obstacle difficulty;

[0039] Matching and analyzing the predicted obstruction reason with the above-water building form and the underwater building form to obtain a corresponding first matching result and a second matching result;

[0040] According to the following formula, calculate the difficulty of lifting the corresponding obstacle building;

[0041]

[0042] Where Y2 represents the difficulty of lifting; h1 represents the number of pre-obstruction reasons matching the above-water building form; h2 represents the number of pre-obstruction reasons matching the underwater building form, and h1+h2=n1; g j1 represents the first weight of the j1th pre-navigation obstruction reason matching the water building form based on the water building; g j2 represents the second weight of the j2nd reason for navigation obstruction matching the underwater building form based on the underwater building; d j1The j1th obstacle to navigation matching the water building form is based on the first difficulty that can be improved based on the water building; d j2 Indicates the second possible difficulty of the underwater building based on the j2nd reason for the navigation obstacle matching the underwater building form; (g j1 d j1 ) max Indicates the maximum value that can be improved based on the reason for the navigation obstruction that matches the underwater building form; (g j2 d j2 ) max represents the maximum value that can be improved based on the reason for the pre-obstruction of navigation matching the water building form; k1 represents the first importance of the current underwater building form; k2 represents the second importance of the current water building form; and k1+k2=1; G max Indicates the maximum total improvement value in history;

[0043] Based on the difficulty of improvement and the degree of obstacles, corresponding ecological reconstruction constraint conditions are retrieved from the reconstruction database;

[0044] Extracting the constraint factors of the ecological reconstruction constraint conditions, and matching the constraint factors with the improvement plan for consistency, and determining whether there are missing factors in the improvement plan;

[0045] If it exists, determine the position penetration line of the missing factor based on the improvement plan, and according to the position penetration line, add the reconstruction constraint corresponding to the missing factor to the first position of the improvement plan, and perform in-situ ecological reconstruction on the obstacle building based on the added improvement plan;

[0046] If it does not exist, continue to carry out in-situ ecological reconstruction of the obstacle building according to the initial improvement plan.

[0047] In a possible implementation, the intelligent management system is used to analyze the sediment situation of the obstructing section and the diffusion of pollutants caused by sediment agitation, including:

[0048] Based on detection and identification, determine the obstruction surface structure diagram of the current obstruction segment;

[0049] crawling all historical surface structure diagrams of the obstruction segment within a historical time period;

[0050] Performing a first sorting analysis on the historical surface structure diagram based on seasonal order to determine a historical change sequence of the obstruction segment;

[0051] Based on the sequence analysis model, determine the regular change time period and the mutation time period in the historical change sequence, and obtain the historical change information corresponding to the mutation time period;

[0052] Constructing a first historical structure based on the regular change structure corresponding to the regular change time period and the mutation structure corresponding to the mutation time period;

[0053] Based on the historical change information, a structural turning point and a change structure under different historical change indicators are established, and the change structures are attached to the first historical structure to obtain a second historical structure;

[0054] Determine a time point at which the obstructing surface structure is acquired, and predict, based on the second historical structure, a possible diffusion layout of a first pollutant in the obstructing section corresponding to the acquisition time point;

[0055] Acquire sediment information corresponding to the obstruction surface structure diagram, and obtain sediment difference and agitation difference based on comparison between the sediment information and the latest information in the second historical structure;

[0056] Based on the sediment difference and the agitation difference, the first possible diffusion layout of pollutants is adjusted to obtain a second possible diffusion layout of pollutants.

[0057] In a possible implementation, obtaining a sediment difference and a stirring difference based on comparing the sediment information with the latest information in the second historical structure includes:

[0058] Based on the sediment information, determining a first sediment distribution of the obstructed section and a first sediment amount in each first sediment unit in the first sediment distribution;

[0059] Based on the latest information, determining a second sediment distribution of the obstructed section and a second sediment amount in each second sediment unit in the second sediment distribution;

[0060] Determining a distribution difference based on the first sediment distribution and the second sediment distribution, and establishing a corresponding relationship between the distribution difference and the quantity difference based on a quantity difference between the first sediment amount and the second sediment amount of the sediment unit at the corresponding position;

[0061] The sediment agitation condition of each second sediment unit is obtained, and then the agitation difference of each first sediment unit is determined according to the corresponding relationship.

[0062] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings.

[0063] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0065] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for constructing and designing an ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the structure of the ecological waterway system in the lower reaches of the Yellow River in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 3 This is a typical ecological navigation channel regulation project layout diagram in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 4 A structural diagram of managing an obstructed flight segment in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of a typical ecological port layout in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0071] The present invention provides a construction mode and design method of an ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0072] Step 1: Obtain the connotation and construction requirements of the ecological waterway corresponding to the target river section in the lower reaches of the Yellow River;

[0073] Step 2: Build an intelligent management system;

[0074] Step 3: Monitor the underwater topography of the target river section, and pre-process the connotation and construction requirements as well as the underwater topography based on the intelligent management system, determine the obstructed section of the target river section, and then determine the construction plan of the ecological navigation channel of the target river section;

[0075] Step 4: Monitor and obtain the width and shallowness information of the target river section, and determine the ship design requirements of the target river section in combination with the pre-set ship constraints;

[0076] Step 5: Determine the eco-port of the target river section, and build a corresponding port model according to the port attributes of the eco-port and the ship design requirements;

[0077] Step 6: Based on the construction plan, port model and the constraints and control conditions for the restoration of navigation and ecological waterway construction corresponding to the target river section obtained in advance, the construction of the ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River is realized.

[0078] Preferably, the ship design requirements include: ship size, and port shore power charging equipment matching the ship.

[0079] Preferably, the process of determining the obstructed section of the target river section and determining the construction plan of the ecological navigation channel of the target river section also includes:

[0080] Determine the obstruction building corresponding to the obstruction section, conduct a pre-obstruction cause analysis on the obstruction building, and retrieve the corresponding improvement plan based on the pre-analysis result;

[0081] Carry out in-situ ecological reconstruction of the barrier buildings according to the upgrading plan.

[0082] In this embodiment, under the management model of "flood classification, silt deposition in different areas, free exchange of water and sand in the beach and channel, and zoning management of the three beaches" in the downstream beach area, the connotation and construction requirements of the downstream ecological waterway are proposed, the main components of the downstream ecological waterway are determined, the construction model and restrictive control conditions of the ecological navigation channel and ecological port in the lower reaches of the Yellow River are proposed, the main design requirements of ecological ships, and a complete set of solutions for the ecological reconstruction and improvement of obstructive buildings are proposed, so as to form a construction model of the ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River and support the major national strategy of "tourism navigation and segmented navigation in suitable sections of the main stream of the Yellow River".

[0083] In this embodiment, the restrictive control conditions correspond to the problems faced by the restoration of navigation in the lower reaches of the Yellow River and the construction of an ecological waterway, such as siltation, wandering river flow, obstruction of navigation by water-related projects, failure to consider the navigation of the Yellow River when building some cross-river bridges, insufficient bridge clearance height and width, and direct blocking of the river by floating bridges.

[0084] like Figure 2 As shown, the intelligent management system includes: an integrated ship retrieval subsystem, a port management subsystem, and an ecological waterway management subsystem. Among them, the integrated ship retrieval subsystem is used to retrieve ships, the port management subsystem is used to manage ships and the port conditions itself, and the ecological waterway management subsystem is used to manage ships in the waterway. All of them are aimed at saving time and improving management efficiency through intelligent management.

[0085] For this management system, the corresponding waterway elements include: ecological navigation channels, ecological ships, and ecological port terminals.

[0086] In this embodiment, the target river section may be a certain section of the lower reaches of the Yellow River, or the lower reaches of the Yellow River.

[0087] In this embodiment, the process of designing the ship in step 4 includes:

[0088] Determine the ship size, power system and ballast water treatment system according to the indicator system.

[0089] First, determine the size of the ship: the lower reaches of the Yellow River are wide and shallow, with large fluctuations in scouring and silting. Under 90% guaranteed flow conditions, the river width is generally over 300m and the average water depth is around 1m. Ship design should take into account the wide and shallow characteristics of the lower reaches of the Yellow River, and the navigation span of downstream bridges, which is generally over 120m. Flat-bottomed sand-control ships suitable for the Yellow River should be designed with a width of no more than 120m and a draft of no more than 1m. They should also have anti-grounding capabilities and the ability to escape on their own.

[0090] Secondly, the concept of ecological protection, high efficiency and energy saving is implemented in the ship design process:

[0091] 1) The ship's power system uses electricity and is equipped with fast charging equipment that matches the port's shore power to reduce carbon emissions and air pollution;

[0092] 2) Ballast water purification equipment is installed in the ship, using filtration + electrolysis and inert gas to disinfect harmful organisms, bacteria and viruses in the ballast water, eliminating the risk of foreign species destroying the ecological balance; lightweight "green" materials that do not contain harmful substances such as lead and tin are used in the hull design;

[0093] 3) The ship is loaded with an integrated shore-ship intelligent dispatching system to achieve real-time route optimization and automatic connection with shore power.

[0094] The ship design requirements are determined by combining the above two methods.

[0095] The beneficial effect of the above technical scheme is: by obtaining various information of the target river section from multiple angles, to effectively establish the construction plan and port model of the ecological navigation channel, and combine the constraint and control conditions to effectively realize the construction of the Yellow River ecological waterway and ensure the rationality of the construction.

[0096] The present invention provides a construction mode and design method of an ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. Step 1, in the process of obtaining the connotation and construction requirements of the ecological waterway corresponding to the target river section in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, also includes:

[0097] Determine the channel conditions of the target river section and the connection requirements with the inland river system, and determine the channel construction level of the connected inland river system;

[0098] Based on the waterway construction level, the construction requirements of the ecological waterway are preliminarily determined.

[0099] In this embodiment, during the entire life cycle of the construction and operation of the ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, the use of green energy, intelligent dispatching systems and other advanced technical means is used to achieve efficient use of energy, reduce or eliminate environmental pollution, and achieve zero emissions, zero pollution, low disturbance, green, low carbon and environmental protection during the shipping process. Considering the waterway conditions of the lower reaches of the Yellow River and the need to connect with the inland river system, the local river section in Shandong connected to the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal will be built as a third-level waterway, and the remaining river sections will be built as a fourth-level waterway.

[0100] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is: by determining the connectivity needs, the construction level is determined, and then the construction requirements are determined, which can provide a basis for the subsequent construction of the Yellow River ecological waterway.

[0101] The present invention provides a construction mode and design method of an ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. Step 3: monitor the underwater topography of the target river section, and pre-process the connotation and construction requirements and the underwater topography based on an intelligent management system to determine the obstruction section of the target river section, and then determine the construction plan of the ecological waterway of the target river section, including:

[0102] Monitoring the target river section and determining the river section information of the target river section;

[0103] Determine a waterway regulation plan corresponding to the target river section according to the river section information;

[0104] Determine the dredging scope of the target river section, use dual positioning method and cooperate with multi-beam bathymetry system to detect and identify the underwater terrain of the target river section, and determine the obstruction section of the target river section;

[0105] Analyze the sediment conditions of the obstructed section and the diffusion of pollutants caused by sediment agitation based on the intelligent management system, and match implementation plans from a preset database based on the analysis results;

[0106] Based on the intelligent management system, the implementation plan is split into instructions, and the corresponding target equipment is controlled respectively to manage the obstructed flight segment;

[0107] Based on the intelligent management system, the waterway management and prevention as well as the management results of the obstructed navigation section are analyzed again to determine the construction plan of the ecological navigation channel.

[0108] For this embodiment, the following are examples:

[0109] The construction of the waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River must first control the river flow. The river flow in the river section above Gaocun in the lower reaches of the Yellow River is wandering and the navigation channel is unstable. A waterway management plan that combines medium and small water is adopted to build an ecological submerged dam. The submerged dam is combined with the existing control and guidance projects to stabilize the navigable river channel. The typical layout of the ecological navigation channel management project is as follows: Figure 3The design of the ecological submerged dam is based on the premise of not hindering the exchange of water and sediment in the beach channel. It is laid along the control line and adopts the form of permeable pile dam. The length is 500 to 800 meters and the design height is 2000 meters on flat ground. 3 / s water level and not more than 0.5m above the beach surface.

[0110] In order to solve the problems of inaccurate identification of obstruction sections, resulting in a large dredging range, and the diffusion of bottom pollutants caused by sediment stirring, a green dredging plan for waterways is proposed. First, the dredging range is determined, and GPS RTK (dual positioning method) is used in conjunction with a multi-beam bathymetric system to detect and identify the underwater terrain, accurately determine the obstruction section, and then select green dredging facilities. In order to solve the problem of the diffusion of bottom pollutants caused by sediment stirring, a suction dredger is used to achieve a high degree of uniformity in dredging, transportation and unloading.

[0111] Among them, the corresponding target equipment is controlled to manage the obstructed section, for example: first, the sludge on the riverbed is cut and stirred with a reamer under the environmental protection cover to reduce the adsorption force between the sludge, and then the sludge enters the suction end of the mud pump through the sludge suction pipe, and the sludge enters the discharge end after centrifugal separation, and finally is transported to the mud unloading area through the sludge discharge pipe. Combined with the comprehensive improvement and management project of the downstream beach area of ​​the Yellow River, high beaches are built and secondary beaches are transformed, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0112] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that by obtaining the construction plan of the ecological navigation channel, it is convenient to provide a basis for the subsequent overall construction of the lower reaches of the Yellow River.

[0113] The present invention provides a construction model and design method of an ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. Step 5: determining an ecological port of the target river section, and constructing a corresponding port model according to the port attributes and design requirements of the ecological port, including:

[0114] Acquire a set of transverse widths of the target river section, and based on the set of transverse widths, screen a maximum width and a minimum width, and select an eco-port site from a preset port database according to the screening results;

[0115] Determine the port layout of the eco-port corresponding to the site selection;

[0116] The port layout is split to determine the layout positions of target objects of the same type in the port layout, and at the same time, the mutual cooperation relationship between target objects of different types is analyzed;

[0117] According to the layout location and mutual cooperation relationship, the ecological setting of the ecological port corresponding to the site selection is carried out;

[0118] According to the ecological setting results, the port attributes of the ecological port are determined, and the corresponding port model is constructed in combination with the ship design requirements;

[0119] In one possible implementation, the port layout includes: a pilot channel, a sedimentation basin, a harbor, a berthing area, a shore power charging berth and a port service area.

[0120] For this embodiment:

[0121] First, determine the location of the ecological port. The lower reaches of the Yellow River are wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, with the widest part reaching 24km and the narrowest part less than 300m. In the Henan section with a wide beach, the port is located in a river section with a width of more than 10km as much as possible, and in principle, it is located in a river section with an area of ​​100km. 2 The above, and the "Henan Province Yellow River Beach Resident Resettlement Plan" will relocate residents to the beach area outside the beach; in the narrow river section of Shandong, the port is chosen to be located in the river section with a width of more than 2km as much as possible, using the form of a shore-based floating dock to reduce the impact on flood control.

[0122] Secondly, determine the overall layout of the eco-port in the wide beach section. Under the management model of "flood classification, sedimentation in different areas, free exchange of water and sediment in the beach channel, and three-shoal management" in the downstream beach area, determine the port layout, typical ecological port layout, such as Figure 5 The eco-port mainly includes the pilot channel, sedimentation basin, harbor, berthing waters, shore power charging berth and port service area, among which:

[0123] 1) The entrance of the pilot channel is arranged in a straight river section with stable river flow and smooth water flow. Ecological submerged dams are used on both sides for protection to prevent river bank collapse. The entrance width should be 2 to 3 times the ship width. Based on the actual situation of the Yellow River, it is generally not less than 300m. The width of the pilot channel is not less than 1.5 times the ship width, and generally not less than 200m.

[0124] 2) Set up a sedimentation pond between the ④ pilot channel and the ⑥ harbor. The sedimentation pond should avoid the main flood discharge area and be arranged on the ② second beach with an area of ​​no less than 400,000 m 2 , regular dredging is carried out.

[0125] 3) Arrange the ship ⑥ harbor and ⑦ berthing waters at ② Second Beach adjacent to ③ High Beach. ⑥ Harbor and ⑦ berthing waters are formed by digging and transforming the existing ponds, and the excavated earth is used to fill ③ High Beach. The width of ⑦ berthing waters is generally not less than 150m, and the width of ⑥ harbor is not less than 4-5 times the ship width, generally not less than 600m.

[0126] 4) ⑧ Shore power charging berth is arranged between ⑦ berthing water area and ③ high beach, and the distance between berths shall not be less than 100m.

[0127] 5) The port service area is arranged on ③ high beach, and the height of ③ high beach is designed to be 1m lower than the Yellow River embankment, which basically eliminates the flood threat to the port service area.

[0128] 6) Wind farms and photovoltaic power plants are deployed as energy supply for the port area. To reduce the impact on flood discharge, wind farm wind turbines are deployed on the second beach at ②, with a spacing of no less than 600m; booster substations are deployed on the high beach at ③, and photovoltaic power plants are arranged in the silt-back area at ⑨.

[0129] Finally, the design requirements of ecological port are proposed.

[0130] 1) Eco-ports all use green energy supply systems. Traditional port energy supply is mainly diesel, thermal power, and natural gas. Downstream ecological ports make full use of the rich land resources, wind resources, and solar energy resources in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, and use wind power and photovoltaics as port energy supply to help ports reduce emissions, reduce energy costs, and optimize energy structure.

[0131] 2) The port sets up a shore power berth power supply system. Transformers, voltage stabilizers, movable cables and plugs connected to ships are added to the port berths to provide power for ships when they are docked.

[0132] 3) Highly intelligent port-ship integrated dispatching support system. The entire port area is fully covered by 5G, and artificial intelligence and automation are fully applied to all areas and links of the port. The transportation tools distributed by the port adopt unmanned driving technology, which realizes seamless connection, high-speed operation and minimum loss of all links in the port area in a highly intelligent form. The production area and living area in the port area form an ecological internal circulation system. The port is designed with an intelligent ship docking system, which can realize automatic pilotage and docking of ships, automatic docking of shore power, and integrated treatment of domestic waste and pollutants carried by ships.

[0133] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is: through the combination of the site selection of the ecological port and the overall layout of the ecological port, the design requirements of the ecological port are proposed, providing an effective foundation for the subsequent overall construction of the lower reaches of the Yellow River.

[0134] The present invention provides a construction mode and design method of the ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. According to the preliminary analysis results, after the corresponding improvement plan is retrieved, the method further includes:

[0135] Obtaining the above-water building form and underwater building form of the obstacle building, and at the same time, obtaining the predicted navigation obstruction reason, and calculating the obstacle difficulty of the corresponding obstacle building based on the predicted navigation obstruction reason;

[0136]

[0137] Where n1 represents the total number of reasons for preventing navigation; represents the obstruction weight of the ith pre-obstruction reason in the obstruction segment, and s i Y represents the difficulty of the i-th pre-obstruction reason, and its value range is (0,1); maxIndicates the historical maximum total obstruction value; It represents the maximum value among the n1 obstruction values ​​corresponding to the n1 predicted obstruction reasons; represents the obstacle value corresponding to the i-th predicted obstacle reason; Y1 represents the obstacle difficulty;

[0138] Matching and analyzing the predicted obstruction reason with the above-water building form and the underwater building form to obtain a corresponding first matching result and a second matching result;

[0139] According to the following formula, calculate the difficulty of lifting the corresponding obstacle building;

[0140]

[0141] Where Y2 represents the difficulty of lifting; h1 represents the number of pre-obstruction reasons matching the above-water building form; h2 represents the number of pre-obstruction reasons matching the underwater building form, and h1+h2=n1; g j1 represents the first weight of the j1th pre-navigation obstruction reason matching the water building form based on the water building; g j2 represents the second weight of the j2nd reason for navigation obstruction matching the underwater building form based on the underwater building; d j1 The j1th obstacle to navigation matching the water building form is based on the first difficulty that can be improved based on the water building; d j2 Indicates the second possible difficulty of the underwater building based on the j2nd reason for the navigation obstacle matching the underwater building form; (g j1 d j1 ) max Indicates the maximum value that can be improved based on the reason for the navigation obstruction that matches the underwater building form; (g j2 d j2 ) max represents the maximum value that can be improved based on the reason for the pre-obstruction of navigation matching the water building form; k1 represents the first importance of the current underwater building form; k2 represents the second importance of the current water building form; and k1+k2=1; G max Indicates the maximum total improvement value in history;

[0142] Based on the difficulty of improvement and the degree of obstacles, corresponding ecological reconstruction constraint conditions are retrieved from the reconstruction database;

[0143] Extracting the constraint factors of the ecological reconstruction constraint conditions, and matching the constraint factors with the improvement plan for consistency, and determining whether there are missing factors in the improvement plan;

[0144] If it exists, determine the position penetration line of the missing factor based on the improvement plan, and according to the position penetration line, add the reconstruction constraint corresponding to the missing factor to the first position of the improvement plan, and perform in-situ ecological reconstruction on the obstacle building based on the added improvement plan;

[0145] If it does not exist, continue to carry out in-situ ecological reconstruction of the obstacle building according to the initial improvement plan.

[0146] In this embodiment, for example, there are two reasons for obstruction, the weight of reason 1 is 0.3, the weight of reason 2 is 0.6, the corresponding difficulty of obstruction of reason 1 is 0.1, and the corresponding difficulty of obstruction of reason 2 is 0.5; at this time, the obstacle difficulty can be calculated, because different obstacle difficulties and improvement difficulties have different corresponding construction standards. The greater the difficulty, the more reconstruction constraints will be required in the corresponding construction process. Therefore, the constraint factor is effectively determined by the obstacle difficulty and improvement difficulty.

[0147] In this embodiment, the reconstruction database includes ecological improvement constraints corresponding to different combinations of improvement difficulty and obstacle difficulty.

[0148] In this embodiment, for example, the above-water building form corresponds to reason 1, and the underwater building form corresponds to principle 2.

[0149] In this embodiment, the omitted factor refers to the constraint point that is not noticed in the original improvement plan. For example, after executing each step in the improvement plan, it is necessary to verify whether the improvement of the step is qualified.

[0150] The beneficial effect of the above technical scheme is: by determining the obstacle difficulty and the improvement difficulty based on the pre-analysis results that have been obtained, the constraints are determined to ensure that more satisfyable constraints are considered during the reconstruction process according to the improvement plan, further ensuring the reliability of the construction, ensuring the effective realization of the construction of the Yellow River ecological waterway, and ensuring the rationality of the construction.

[0151] The present invention provides a construction mode and design method of an ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, which analyzes the sediment situation of the obstructing section and the diffusion of pollutants caused by sediment agitation based on the intelligent management system, including:

[0152] Based on detection and identification, determine the obstruction surface structure diagram of the current obstruction segment;

[0153] crawling all historical surface structure diagrams of the obstruction segment within a historical time period;

[0154] Performing a first sorting analysis on the historical surface structure diagram based on seasonal order to determine a historical change sequence of the obstruction segment;

[0155] Based on the sequence analysis model, determine the regular change time period and the mutation time period in the historical change sequence, and obtain the historical change information corresponding to the mutation time period;

[0156] Constructing a first historical structure based on the regular change structure corresponding to the regular change time period and the mutation structure corresponding to the mutation time period;

[0157] Based on the historical change information, a structural turning point and a change structure under different historical change indicators are established, and the change structures are attached to the first historical structure to obtain a second historical structure;

[0158] Determine a time point at which the obstructing surface structure is acquired, and predict, based on the second historical structure, a possible diffusion layout of a first pollutant in the obstructing section corresponding to the acquisition time point;

[0159] Acquire sediment information corresponding to the obstruction surface structure diagram, and obtain sediment difference and agitation difference based on comparison between the sediment information and the latest information in the second historical structure;

[0160] Based on the sediment difference and the agitation difference, the first possible diffusion layout of pollutants is adjusted to obtain a second possible diffusion layout of pollutants.

[0161] In this embodiment, the obstruction surface structure diagram refers to the structure diagram of the underwater mud layer in the obstruction section.

[0162] In this embodiment, the sorting analysis is to analyze the historical sedimentation conditions and historical sediment clearance conditions of the obstructing section, so as to accurately predict the sedimentation conditions of the obstructing section corresponding to the current acquisition time point.

[0163] In this embodiment, the sequence analysis module is pre-trained, and is obtained through training using various change sequences and structures corresponding to different sequence combinations as training samples.

[0164] In this embodiment, the first historical structure includes sediment information, stirring information, and the corresponding diffusion layout conditions under different sediments and stirring.

[0165] In this embodiment, the structural turning point is obtained in order to better analyze subsequent cement information.

[0166] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is: by obtaining the historical surface structure map, it is to construct the first historical structure, and then combine the historical change information to make improvements and obtain the second historical structure to predict the possible diffusion layout, and by combining the current obstruction surface structure map to determine the differences, and then accurately obtain the diffusion layout, providing a basis for the rationality of construction.

[0167] The present invention provides a construction mode and design method of an ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, which is based on comparing the sediment information with the latest information in the second historical structure to obtain sediment differences and agitation differences, including:

[0168] Based on the sediment information, determining a first sediment distribution of the obstructed section and a first sediment amount in each first sediment unit in the first sediment distribution;

[0169] Based on the latest information, determining a second sediment distribution of the obstructed section and a second sediment amount in each second sediment unit in the second sediment distribution;

[0170] Determining a distribution difference based on the first sediment distribution and the second sediment distribution, and establishing a corresponding relationship between the distribution difference and the quantity difference based on a quantity difference between the first sediment amount and the second sediment amount of the sediment unit at the corresponding position;

[0171] The sediment agitation condition of each second sediment unit is obtained, and then the agitation difference of each first sediment unit is determined according to the corresponding relationship.

[0172] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is: by determining the difference in sediment volume and distribution, a corresponding relationship is established, and according to the sediment agitation situation, the agitation difference is obtained, so as to ensure the rationality of the pollutant diffusion layout.

[0173] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A construction model and design method of an ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Obtain the connotation and construction requirements of the ecological waterway corresponding to the target river section in the lower reaches of the Yellow River; Step 2: Build an intelligent management system; Step 3: Monitor the underwater topography of the target river section, and pre-process the connotation and construction requirements as well as the underwater topography based on the intelligent management system, determine the obstructed section of the target river section, and then determine the construction plan of the ecological navigation channel of the target river section; Step 4: Monitor and obtain the width and shallowness information of the target river section, and determine the ship design requirements of the target river section in combination with the pre-set ship constraints; Step 5: Determine the eco-port of the target river section, and build a corresponding port model according to the port attributes of the eco-port and the ship design requirements; Step 6: Based on the construction plan, port model and the constraints and control conditions of navigation restoration and ecological waterway construction corresponding to the target river section obtained in advance, the construction of the ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River is realized; Wherein, step 3 includes: Monitoring the target river section and determining the river section information of the target river section; Determine a waterway regulation plan corresponding to the target river section according to the river section information; Determine the dredging scope of the target river section, use dual positioning method and cooperate with multi-beam bathymetry system to detect and identify the underwater terrain of the target river section, and determine the obstruction section of the target river section; Analyze the sediment conditions of the obstructed section and the diffusion of pollutants caused by sediment agitation based on the intelligent management system, and match implementation plans from a preset database based on the analysis results; Based on the intelligent management system, the implementation plan is split into instructions, and the corresponding target equipment is controlled respectively to manage the obstructed flight segment; Based on the intelligent management system, the waterway management and prevention and the management results of the obstructed section are analyzed again to determine the construction plan of the ecological navigation channel; The intelligent management system is used to analyze the sediment situation of the obstructing section and the diffusion of pollutants caused by sediment agitation, including: Based on detection and identification, determine the obstruction surface structure diagram of the current obstruction segment; crawling all historical surface structure diagrams of the obstruction segment within a historical time period; Performing a first sorting analysis on the historical surface structure diagram based on seasonal order to determine a historical change sequence of the obstruction segment; Based on the sequence analysis model, determine the regular change time period and the mutation time period in the historical change sequence, and obtain the historical change information corresponding to the mutation time period; Constructing a first historical structure based on the regular change structure corresponding to the regular change time period and the mutation structure corresponding to the mutation time period; Based on the historical change information, a structural turning point and a change structure under different historical change indicators are established, and the change structures are attached to the first historical structure to obtain a second historical structure; Determine a time point at which the obstructing surface structure is acquired, and predict, based on the second historical structure, a possible diffusion layout of a first pollutant in the obstructing section corresponding to the acquisition time point; Acquire sediment information corresponding to the obstruction surface structure diagram, and obtain sediment difference and agitation difference based on comparison between the sediment information and the latest information in the second historical structure; Based on the sediment difference and the agitation difference, the first possible diffusion layout of pollutants is adjusted to obtain a second possible diffusion layout of pollutants.

2. The construction model and design method of the ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Step 1, in the process of obtaining the connotation and construction requirements of the ecological waterway corresponding to the target river section in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, also includes: Determine the channel conditions of the target river section and the connection requirements with the inland river system, and determine the channel construction level of the connected inland river system; Based on the waterway construction level, the construction requirements of the ecological waterway are preliminarily determined.

3. The construction model and design method of the ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The ship design requirements include: ship size, and port shore power charging equipment matching the ship.

4. The construction model and design method of the ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Step 5: Determine the eco-port of the target river section, and build a corresponding port model according to the port attributes and design requirements of the eco-port, including: Acquire a set of transverse widths of the target river section, and based on the set of transverse widths, screen a maximum width and a minimum width, and select an eco-port site from a preset port database according to the screening results; Determine the port layout of the eco-port corresponding to the site selection; The port layout is split to determine the layout positions of target objects of the same type in the port layout, and at the same time, the mutual cooperation relationship between target objects of different types is analyzed; According to the layout location and mutual cooperation relationship, the ecological setting of the ecological port corresponding to the site selection is carried out; According to the ecological setting results, the port attributes of the ecological port are determined, and the corresponding port model is constructed in combination with the ship design requirements.

5. The construction model and design method of the ecological waterway in the lower reaches of the Yellow River as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The port layout includes: pilot channel, sedimentation basin, harbor, berthing waters, shore power charging berth and port service area.

6. The Yellow River Lower Reaches Ecological Channel Construction Model and Design Method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The process of determining the obstructed section of the target river section and determining the construction plan of the ecological navigation channel of the target river section also includes: Determine the obstruction building corresponding to the obstruction section, conduct a pre-obstruction cause analysis on the obstruction building, and retrieve the corresponding improvement plan based on the pre-analysis result; Carry out in-situ ecological reconstruction of the barrier buildings according to the upgrading plan.

7. The Yellow River Lower Reaches Ecological Channel Construction Model and Design Method as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: According to the preliminary analysis results, after calling the corresponding improvement plan, it also includes: Obtaining the above-water building form and underwater building form of the obstacle building, and at the same time, obtaining the predicted navigation obstruction reason, and calculating the obstacle difficulty of the corresponding obstacle building based on the predicted navigation obstruction reason; Where n1 represents the total number of reasons for preventing navigation; represents the obstruction weight of the i-th pre-obstruction reason, and s i Y represents the difficulty of the i-th pre-obstruction reason, and its value range is (0,1); max Indicates the historical maximum total obstruction value; It represents the maximum value among the n1 obstruction values ​​corresponding to the n1 predicted obstruction reasons; represents the obstacle value corresponding to the i-th predicted obstacle reason; Y1 represents the obstacle difficulty; Matching and analyzing the predicted obstruction reason with the above-water building form and the underwater building form to obtain a corresponding first matching result and a second matching result; According to the following formula, calculate the difficulty of lifting the corresponding obstacle building; Where Y2 represents the difficulty of lifting; h1 represents the number of pre-obstruction reasons matching the above-water building form; h2 represents the number of pre-obstruction reasons matching the underwater building form, and h1+h2=n1; g j1 represents the first weight of the j1th pre-navigation obstruction reason matching the water building form based on the water building; g j2 represents the second weight of the j2nd reason for navigation obstruction matching the underwater building form based on the underwater building; d j1 The j1th obstacle to navigation matching the water building form is based on the first difficulty that can be improved based on the water building; d j2 Indicates the second possible difficulty of the underwater building based on the j2nd reason for the navigation obstacle matching the underwater building form; (g j1 d j1 ) max Indicates the maximum value that can be improved based on the reason for the navigation obstruction that matches the underwater building form; (g j2 d j2 ) max represents the maximum value that can be improved based on the reason for the pre-obstruction of navigation matching the water building form; k1 represents the first importance of the current underwater building form; k2 represents the second importance of the current water building form; and k1+k2=1; G max Indicates the maximum total improvement value in history; Based on the difficulty of improvement and the degree of obstacles, corresponding ecological reconstruction constraint conditions are retrieved from the reconstruction database; Extracting the constraint factors of the ecological reconstruction constraint conditions, and matching the constraint factors with the improvement plan for consistency, and determining whether there are any missing factors in the improvement plan; If it exists, determine the position penetration line of the missing factor based on the improvement plan, and according to the position penetration line, attach the reconstruction constraint corresponding to the missing factor to the first position of the improvement plan, and perform in-situ ecological reconstruction on the obstacle building based on the attached improvement plan; If it does not exist, continue to carry out in-situ ecological reconstruction of the obstacle building according to the initial improvement plan.

8. The Yellow River Lower Reaches Ecological Channel Construction Model and Design Method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the comparison of the sediment information with the latest information in the second historical structure, the sediment difference and the agitation difference are obtained, including: Based on the sediment information, determining a first sediment distribution of the obstructed section and a first sediment amount in each first sediment unit in the first sediment distribution; Based on the latest information, determining a second sediment distribution of the obstructed section and a second sediment amount in each second sediment unit in the second sediment distribution; Determining a distribution difference based on the first sediment distribution and the second sediment distribution, and establishing a corresponding relationship between the distribution difference and the quantity difference based on a quantity difference between the first sediment amount and the second sediment amount of the sediment unit at the corresponding position; The sediment agitation condition of each second sediment unit is obtained, and then the agitation difference of each first sediment unit is determined according to the corresponding relationship.

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