Geological advanced prediction method and device based on cosmic ray muons

Abstract

The present invention relates to a geological advance prediction method and device based on cosmic ray muons, belonging to the field of nuclear detection technology, and solves the problems of complex operation, low detection efficiency and accuracy, small detection range, and high cost of existing geological detection methods. The method includes directly detecting cosmic ray muons by using a muon detection device to obtain the first flux information of muons and the first set of scattering angles of muon scattering; placing the muon detection device inside the geological target to be measured to obtain the second flux information of muons and the second set of scattering angles of muon scattering; obtaining the scattering density length of the geological target to be measured according to the first set of scattering angles and the second set of scattering angles, and obtaining the material density length of the geological target to be measured according to the first flux information and the second flux information; and performing geological advance prediction on the geological target to be measured according to the scattering density length and the material density length. The method is simple to operate, has high detection efficiency and accuracy, a large detection range and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of nuclear detection technology, and in particular to a geological advance prediction method and device based on cosmic ray muons. Background Art

[0002] Geological exploration is an investigation and research work on geological conditions such as rocks, stratigraphic structures, minerals, groundwater, landforms, etc. in a certain area by using a variety of geological exploration methods according to the needs of economic construction, national defense construction and scientific and technological development. In China, the mountainous area is vast, accounting for about 2 / 3 of the national area. Therefore, the construction and maintenance of a considerable part of the infrastructure in China have to be carried out in mountainous areas. In order to eliminate the safety threats of mountain geological disasters (such as collapses, landslides, debris flows, etc.) to personnel and property, mountain geological exploration is a necessary means to understand the geological characteristics of the facility area. It has very important practical significance to research and develop high-efficiency and low-cost mountain geological exploration technologies.

[0003] In the prior art, the research and application of geological advance prediction technology have been carried out for many years, but there is still a certain gap between the prediction accuracy and reliability and the requirements of engineering construction. At present, geological prediction mainly adopts methods such as drilling, electromagnetic exploration, seismic wave detection and ground penetrating radar. Among them, the drilling method is a destructive exploration, with complicated operations, difficult to completely describe the overall geological characteristics, and the detection distance is very limited; electromagnetic exploration will cause large errors and has a poor inversion effect on complex geology containing metals, etc.; seismic wave detection has a strong absorption ability of seismic waves for specific geology, and artificial seismic sources are difficult to meet the requirements of complex geological exploration; the microwave energy of ground penetrating radar is limited, and the detection angle and depth are small.

[0004] The prior art has at least the following defects: First, the operation is complex, the detection distance is short, the detection range is small, it is difficult to detect and obtain the overall geological characteristics, the detection efficiency is low, and the destructiveness to the geology is large; second, the detection accuracy is low; third, when using seismic waves for detection, artificial seismic sources are difficult to meet the requirements of complex geological detection, and the detection efficiency is low; fourth, when using ground penetrating radar for detection, limited by energy, the detection angle and detection depth are small. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a geological advance prediction method and device based on cosmic ray muons to solve the problems of complex geological detection operation, low detection efficiency and low detection accuracy in the prior art.

[0006] On the one hand, the present invention provides a geological advance prediction method based on cosmic ray muons, including the following steps:

[0007] Detect cosmic ray muons that have not passed through the geological target to be measured by using a muon detection device, obtain first detection data, and process the detection data to obtain the first flux information of muons and the first set of scattering angles of muon scattering;

[0008] Place the muon detection device inside the geological target to be measured, detect cosmic ray muons, obtain second detection data, and process to obtain the second flux information of muons and the second set of scattering angles of muon scattering.

[0009] Obtain the corresponding scattering density lengths at different positions inside the geological target to be measured according to the first set of scattering angles and the second set of scattering angles, and obtain the corresponding matter density lengths at different positions inside the geological target to be measured according to the first flux information and the second flux information.

[0010] Perform geological advanced prediction on the geological target to be measured according to the scattering density length and the matter density length.

[0011] Further, the muon detection device includes a muon detector and an electronics readout device;

[0012] The muon detector includes three identical flat structures horizontally placed at a preset interval. The flat structure includes a first detection plate and a second detection plate. Both the first detection plate and the second detection plate include a plurality of plastic scintillator strips arranged in parallel, and the arrangement direction of the plastic scintillator strips in the first detection plate and the arrangement direction of the plastic scintillator strips in the second detection plate are perpendicular to each other;

[0013] The muon detector is used to detect and obtain a set of position coordinates of muon scattering. The set of position coordinates includes 3 position coordinates. The electronics readout device is used to record the number of effective muon events and read the set of position coordinates corresponding to the effective muon events.

[0014] Further, the first set of scattering angles and the second set of scattering angles are obtained by the following method:

[0015] Directly detect cosmic ray muons that have not passed through the geological target to be measured, obtain multiple sets of position coordinates, and form a first coordinate set;

[0016] Detect cosmic ray muons at different positions inside the geological target to be measured, respectively obtain multiple sets of position coordinates corresponding to different positions, and respectively form multiple second coordinate sets;

[0017] Perform linear fitting on each set of position coordinates in the first coordinate set to obtain multiple scattering angles, and further obtain the first set of scattering angles;

[0018] Perform fitting on each set of position coordinates in each of the second coordinate sets to obtain multiple scattering angles, and further obtain multiple second sets of scattering angles.

[0019] Further, the first flux information and the second flux information are obtained by the following method:

[0020] When directly detecting cosmic ray muons without the geological target to be measured, obtain the first flux value based on the number of the first effective muon events recorded by the electronics readout device, the detection duration, and the effective detection area of the muon detection device;

[0021] When detecting cosmic ray muons at different positions inside the geological target to be measured, obtain the corresponding multiple second flux values based on the multiple numbers of second effective muon events recorded correspondingly by the electronics readout device, the corresponding detection duration, and the effective detection area of the muon detection device.

[0022] Further, the step of obtaining the corresponding scattering density lengths at different positions inside the geological target to be measured according to the first set of scattering angles and the second set of scattering angles includes:

[0023] Obtain the corresponding first scattering angle distribution variance based on the first set of scattering angles;

[0024] Obtain multiple corresponding second scattering angle distribution variances based on the multiple second sets of scattering angles;

[0025] Take the difference between the second scattering angle distribution variance and the first scattering angle distribution variance as the scattering density length of the geological target to be measured, and further obtain the corresponding scattering density lengths at different positions inside the geological target to be measured.

[0026] Further, the step of obtaining the corresponding matter density lengths at different positions inside the geological target to be measured according to the first flux information and the second flux information includes:

[0027] Take the difference between the second flux value and the first flux value as the muon flux value attenuated by the geological target to be measured, and further obtain the corresponding attenuated muon flux values at different positions inside the geological target to be measured;

[0028] Calculate the corresponding minimum muon energy values at different positions according to the corresponding attenuated muon flux values at different positions inside the geological target to be measured;

[0029] Calculate the corresponding matter density lengths at different positions inside the geological target to be measured according to the corresponding minimum muon energy values at different positions.

[0030] Further, conduct geological advance prediction on the geological target to be measured in the following manner:

[0031] When the scattering density length corresponding to any position inside the geological target to be measured is less than the first preset threshold, or the matter density length corresponding to any position inside the geological target to be measured is less than the second preset threshold, determine that there is a risk in the geological target to be measured; determine the first preset threshold according to the material composition of the geological target to be measured, and determine the second preset threshold according to the empirical value of the matter density of the geological target to be measured.

[0032] On the other hand, the present invention provides a geological advance prediction device based on cosmic ray muons, comprising:

[0033] A muon detection device, configured to directly detect cosmic ray muons that have not passed through the geological target to be measured, obtain first detection data, and inside the geological target to be measured, detect cosmic ray muons and obtain second detection data;

[0034] A processor, where the processor comprises:

[0035] A data processing module, configured to process the first detection data to obtain first flux information of muons and a first set of scattering angles of muon scattering; and process the second detection data to obtain second flux information of muons and a second set of scattering angles of muon scattering;

[0036] It is further configured to obtain corresponding scattering density lengths at different positions inside the geological target to be measured according to the first set of scattering angles and the second set of scattering angles, and obtain corresponding material density lengths at different positions inside the geological target to be measured according to the first flux information and the second flux information;

[0037] A prediction module, configured to perform geological advance prediction on the geological target to be measured according to the scattering density length and the material density length.

[0038] Furthermore, it further comprises a display device, configured to display the scattering density length, the material density length of the geological target to be measured, and the geological advance prediction result obtained by the processor.

[0039] Furthermore, it further comprises a communication device, configured to establish a communication connection between the processor and the muon detection device, and establish a communication connection between the processor and the display device.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can at least achieve one of the following beneficial effects:

[0041] 1. The geological advance prediction method and device based on cosmic ray muons proposed by the present invention utilize naturally existing cosmic ray muons as the detection medium. Their energy is relatively high, their penetrability is very strong, and the detection distance is deep. The detection of the geological target to be measured can be realized by using existing tunnels, roadways, adits or karst caves, without damaging the structure of the geological target to be measured, nor requiring an additional radiation source device. It is less restricted by the on-site environment, the operation is simple and convenient, the detection efficiency is improved, and the detection cost is reduced.

[0042] 2. The geological advanced prediction method and device based on cosmic ray muons proposed by the present invention detect cosmic ray muons that have not passed through the geological target to be measured and cosmic ray muons inside the geological target to be detected, so as to obtain the scattering density length and the material density length of the geological target to be detected. Compare the obtained scattering density length and material density length of the geological target to be detected with the preset values, so as to determine whether there are cavities or water bodies inside the geological target to be measured, and perform advanced geological prediction on the geological target to be measured to judge whether there are risks in the geological target to be measured. Moreover, the method of performing advanced geological prediction based on the scattering density length and the material density length is not restricted by specific geological components and can be applicable to geological exploration in complex situations such as geological formations containing multiple components or metal geological formations.

[0043] In the present invention, the above technical solutions can also be combined with each other to realize more preferred combined solutions. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent description. Moreover, some advantages can be made obvious from the description or understood by implementing the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained from the content specifically pointed out in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The drawings are only for the purpose of showing specific embodiments and are not considered to be a limitation of the present invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference signs denote the same components.

[0045] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the geological advanced prediction method based on cosmic ray muons according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a muon detector according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of plastic scintillator strips in the first detection board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of plastic scintillator strips in the second detection board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the geological advanced prediction device based on cosmic ray muons according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Reference Signs:

[0051] 100 - Muon detection device; 110 - Muon detector; 120 - Electronic readout device; 130 - Power supply; 140 - Support structure; 200 - Processor; 210 - Data processing module; 220 - Prediction module; 300 - Display device; 400 - Communication device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0052] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the drawings form a part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the principles of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0053] Using natural cosmic ray muons for geological exploration has the following advantages:

[0054] (1) Muons are naturally produced. Muons are generated by the interaction of primary cosmic rays in the atmosphere. Primary cosmic rays produce pions, which in turn produce muons.

[0055] (2) The muon flux and energy are large. The average flux is 10000 min -1 ·m -2 , and the energy ranges from 0.1 GeV to 1000 GeV, with an average energy of 3 GeV.

[0056] (3) Muons have strong penetration power. Muons from cosmic rays can still be detected underground at a depth of 2700 m.

[0057] (4) The characteristics are obvious. Muons undergo Coulomb scattering and ionization, and the scattering angle distribution and energy loss correspond significantly to the characteristics of the material.

[0058] (5) It is suitable for distinguishing media with large density differences. In geological exploration applications, the density differences between rocks and cavities, water cavities, etc. are relatively large, and muon detection can be used to make good distinctions in sequence.

[0059] A specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a geological advanced prediction method based on cosmic ray muons. As Figure 1 shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0060] S110. At an open position relatively close to the geological target to be measured, use a muon detection device to detect cosmic ray muons that have not passed through the geological target to be measured, and obtain first detection data, which includes the position coordinates of cosmic ray muons in the muon detection device and the number of valid muon events. Process the detection data to obtain the first flux information of muons and the first set of scattering angles of muon scattering.

[0061] S120. Place the muon detection device inside the geological target to be measured, detect cosmic ray muons, and obtain second detection data, which also includes the position coordinates of cosmic ray muons in the muon detection device and the number of valid muon events. Process the detection data to obtain the second flux information of muons and the second set of scattering angles of muon scattering. Specifically, the geological target to be measured is usually a mountain or hill with tunnels, roadways, adits or karst caves, and detection can be directly carried out in its tunnels, roadways, adits or karst caves.

[0062] S130. Obtain the corresponding scattering density lengths at different positions inside the geological target to be measured according to the first set of scattering angles and the second set of scattering angles, and obtain the corresponding material density lengths at different positions inside the geological target to be measured according to the first flux information and the second flux information.

[0063] S140. Conduct advanced geological prediction on the geological target to be measured based on the scattering density length and the material density length. Specifically, the scattering density length is the product of the scattering density and the thickness of the geological target to be measured, where the scattering density is related to the composition of the geological target to be measured, and the material density length is the product of the material density of the geological target to be measured and the thickness. Therefore, by comparing the scattering density length and the material density length with the empirical values corresponding to the geological target to be measured, it is possible to accurately determine whether there are cavities or water bodies inside the geological target to be measured, so as to conduct risk prediction on the geological target to be measured.

[0064] Preferably, the muon detection device includes a muon detector, an electronics readout device, a power supply, and a support structure, and the power supply and the support structure are used to provide power supply and a fixed bracket.

[0065] Specifically, as Figure 2 shown, the muon detector includes three identical flat plate structures horizontally arranged at a preset interval. The flat plate structure includes a first detection plate and a second detection plate. Both the first detection plate and the second detection plate include a plurality of parallel plastic scintillator strips, and the arrangement direction of the plastic scintillator strips in the first detection plate and the arrangement direction of the plastic scintillator strips in the second detection plate are perpendicular to each other. Specifically, the arrangement of the plastic scintillator strips in the first detection plate (i.e., the front X of the flat plate structure) is as Figure 3 shown, and the arrangement of the plastic scintillator strips in the second detection plate (i.e., the back Y of the flat plate structure) is as Figure 4 described.

[0066] Preferably, the size of the flat plate structure in the muon detector is 100 cm × 100 cm × 100 cm. Both the first detection plate and the second detection plate include 20 plastic scintillator strips, and the interval between the three flat plate structures is 50 cm. In actual use, the above parameters can also be adjusted adaptively according to the requirements for detection accuracy.

[0067] Preferably, a photomultiplier is provided at one end of each plastic scintillator strip. The photomultiplier converts the optical signal detected by the plastic scintillator strip into an electrical signal, broadens it and inputs it to the electronic readout device. The electronic readout device makes a logical judgment through a programmable logic gate array, records and saves the number of valid muon events. Specifically, when electrical signals output by six detection plates are received simultaneously within a preset time window, this muon event is regarded as a valid event and recorded and saved. Exemplarily, the preset time window can be 25 ns. Preferably, only one valid muon event is counted for each detection plate within the same preset time window, and other simultaneously triggered valid muon events are not counted. In addition, the x coordinate and y coordinate of the muon on it can be determined by the numbers of the plastic scintillator strips that transmit optical signals in the first detection plate and the second detection plate in the flat plate structure, and the z coordinate of the muon on it can be determined according to the height of the flat plate structure, so as to obtain the position coordinates (x, y, z) of the muon on this flat plate structure. The three position coordinates detected by the three flat plate structures constitute the position coordinate group corresponding to this muon event. The electronic readout device can read and record the position coordinate group corresponding to each valid muon event.

[0068] The muon detector is used to detect and obtain the position coordinate group of muon scattering. The position coordinate group includes 3 position coordinates. The electronic readout device is used to record and read the position coordinate group corresponding to the valid muon event.

[0069] Preferably, the first scattering angle set and the second scattering angle set are obtained by the following method:

[0070] Directly detect cosmic ray muons that have not passed through the geological target to be measured, obtain multiple position coordinate groups, that is, obtain the position coordinate groups corresponding to multiple valid muon events, and form the first coordinate set;

[0071] Detect cosmic ray muons at different positions inside the geological target to be measured, and respectively obtain multiple position coordinate groups corresponding to different positions, that is, detect and obtain multiple position coordinate groups corresponding to valid muon events at each position inside the geological target to be measured. The position coordinate group corresponding to each position forms a second coordinate set, so as to obtain multiple second coordinate sets.

[0072] Use the least squares method to perform linear fitting on each position coordinate group in the first coordinate set to obtain multiple scattering angles, and then obtain the first scattering angle set.

[0073] Use the least squares method to fit each position coordinate group in each second coordinate set to obtain multiple scattering angles, and then obtain multiple second scattering angle sets. The multiple second scattering angle sets respectively correspond to different positions inside the geological target to be measured.

[0074] Preferably, the first flux information and the second flux information are obtained by the following method:

[0075] Based on the number of the first effective muon events recorded by the electronics readout device, the detection duration, and the effective detection area of the muon detection device when directly detecting cosmic ray muons without the geological target to be measured, a first flux value is obtained.

[0076] Based on the number of multiple second effective muon events recorded correspondingly by the electronics readout device, the corresponding detection duration, and the effective detection area of the muon detection device when detecting cosmic ray muons at different positions inside the geological target to be measured, corresponding multiple second flux values are obtained.

[0077] The specific calculation formula of the flux value is as follows:

[0078]

[0079] Among them, S is the effective detection area of the muon detector, ΔT is the measurement duration, and N represents the number of effective muon events detected on each pixel of the muon detector. Among them, the effective detection area is related to the solid angle, the geometric factor, the selection probability, and the detection efficiency. Specifically, each flat plate structure is divided into a 20×20 grid, with a total of 400, and each is called a pixel unit. The number of effective muon events received by the pixel units at different positions is different. Among them, the pixel unit at the central position of the flat plate structure receives the most effective muon events, and decreases along the perimeter. This solid angle can describe the number of effective muon events received by the pixel units at different positions. Exemplarily, the solid angle corresponding to the pixel unit at the central position is The geometric factor is the area of the flat plate structure. Exemplarily, it is 100 cm × 100 cm. The selection probability is related to the layout of the detector structure and is defined as the ratio of the number of effective muon events that can be measured to the number of muons passing through the muon detector, and can be specifically calculated according to the measurement results. The detection efficiency is related to the performance of the detector.

[0080] Preferably, the steps of obtaining the scattering density lengths corresponding to different positions inside the geological target to be measured according to the first scattering angle set and the second scattering angle set include:

[0081] Based on the first scattering angle set, the corresponding variance of the first scattering angle distribution is obtained. Specifically, the distribution of the first scattering angle set approximately satisfies a Gaussian distribution with a mean of zero. Therefore, the variance of the first scattering angle can be obtained according to its corresponding Gaussian distribution.

[0082] Specifically, the distribution of the second scattering angle set also approximately satisfies a Gaussian distribution with a mean of zero. Therefore, multiple variances of the second scattering angle distribution can be obtained according to the Gaussian distribution corresponding to each second scattering angle set.

[0083] The difference between the variance of the second scattering angle distribution and the variance of the first scattering angle distribution is used as the scattering density length of the geological target to be measured, and then the scattering density lengths corresponding to different positions inside the geological target to be measured are obtained.

[0084] Specifically, the scattering density length of the geological target to be measured is where λ is the scattering density and L is the thickness at the corresponding position inside the geological target to be measured.

[0085] Preferably, the steps of obtaining the material density lengths corresponding to different positions inside the geological target to be measured according to the first flux information and the second flux information include:

[0086] The difference between the second flux value and the first flux value is used as the muon flux value attenuated by the geological target to be measured, and then the attenuated muon flux values corresponding to different positions inside the geological target to be measured are obtained;

[0087] The corresponding muon minimum energy values at different positions are calculated according to the attenuated muon flux values corresponding to different positions inside the geological target to be measured; the minimum energy value is the minimum energy required for a muon to reach the position where the muon detection device is located without being absorbed by the geological target to be measured.

[0088] The material density lengths corresponding to different positions inside the geological target to be measured are calculated according to the corresponding muon minimum energy values at different positions. Among them, the specific calculation methods for calculating the muon minimum energy value according to the muon flux value and calculating the material density length according to the muon minimum energy value are known to those skilled in the art.

[0089] Preferably, the geological target to be measured is geologically predicted in the following manner:

[0090] When the scattering density length corresponding to any position inside the geological target to be measured is less than the first preset threshold, or the material density length corresponding to any position inside the geological target to be measured is less than the second preset threshold, it is determined that there is a risk in the geological target to be measured; specifically, the first preset threshold is determined according to the material composition of the geological target to be measured, and the second preset threshold is determined according to the empirical value of the material density of the geological target to be measured. Preferably, in order to make a quick prediction, the scattering density lengths corresponding to different positions inside the geological target to be measured obtained can be compared. If one value is significantly smaller than other values, it indicates that there may be a cavity or water body above the position corresponding to this scattering density length inside the geological target to be measured, and there is a risk of danger. Similarly, the material density lengths corresponding to different positions inside the geological target to be measured obtained can be compared. When one value is significantly different from other values, it indicates that there may be a cavity or water body above the position corresponding to this position density length inside the geological target to be measured, and there is a risk of danger.

[0091] Another embodiment of the present invention discloses a geological advance prediction device based on cosmic ray muons.

[0092] Since the device embodiment is based on the same principle as the above method embodiment, the repeated parts can refer to the above method embodiment and will not be elaborated here.

[0093] The device specifically includes:

[0094] A muon detection device 100, configured to directly detect cosmic ray muons without passing through the geological target to be measured, obtain first detection data, and detect cosmic ray muons inside the geological target to be measured to obtain second detection data. Specifically, the muon detection device further includes an electronics readout device 120, a power supply 130, and a support structure 140.

[0095] A processor 200, where the processor 200 includes:

[0096] A data processing module 210, configured to process the first detection data to obtain the first flux information of muons and the first set of scattering angles of muon scattering; and process the second detection data to obtain the second flux information of muons and the second set of scattering angles of muon scattering;

[0097] It is further configured to obtain the corresponding scattering density lengths at different positions inside the geological target to be measured according to the first set of scattering angles and the second set of scattering angles, and obtain the corresponding material density lengths at different positions inside the geological target to be measured according to the first flux information and the second flux information;

[0098] A prediction module 220, configured to perform geological advance prediction on the geological target to be measured according to the scattering density lengths and the material density lengths.

[0099] Preferably, it further includes a display device 300, configured to display the scattering density lengths, the material density lengths, and the geological advance prediction results of the geological target to be measured obtained by the processor 200.

[0100] Preferably, it further includes a communication device 400, configured to establish a communication connection between the processor 200 and the muon detection device 100, and establish a communication connection between the processor 200 and the display device 300.

[0101] Compared with the prior art, the geological advanced prediction method and device based on cosmic ray muons proposed in the embodiments of the present invention first use naturally occurring cosmic ray muons as the detection medium. Their energy is relatively high, the penetration is very strong, and the detection distance is deep. The existing tunnels, roadways, adits or karst caves can be used to detect the geological target to be measured, without damaging the structure of the geological target to be measured, nor requiring an additional radiation source device. It is less restricted by the on-site environment, simple and convenient to operate, improves the detection efficiency, and reduces the detection cost. Secondly, by directly detecting cosmic ray muons that have not passed through the geological target to be measured and detecting cosmic ray muons inside the geological target to be detected, the scattering density length and material density length of the geological target to be detected are obtained, and the obtained scattering density length and material density length of the geological target to be detected are compared with the preset values, so as to determine whether there are cavities or water bodies inside the geological target to be measured, and to predict the risk of the geological target to be measured. Moreover, the method of advanced geological prediction based on the scattering density length and material density length is not restricted by specific geological components and can be applied to geological exploration in complex situations such as geological bodies containing multiple components or metal-containing geological bodies, with strong practicability.

[0102] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes of implementing the method in the above embodiments can be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Among them, the computer-readable storage medium is a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory or a random access memory, etc.

[0103] The above is only a specific and preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A geological advance prediction method based on cosmic ray muons, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Detect cosmic ray muons that have not passed through the geological target to be measured using a muon detection device, obtain first detection data, and process the detection data to obtain first flux information of muons and a first set of scattering angles of muon scattering; Place the muon detection device inside the geological target to be measured, detect cosmic ray muons, obtain second detection data, and process to obtain second flux information of muons and a second set of scattering angles of muon scattering; Obtain the corresponding scattering density lengths at different positions inside the geological target to be measured according to the first set of scattering angles and the second set of scattering angles, and obtain the corresponding material density lengths at different positions inside the geological target to be measured according to the first flux information and the second flux information; Conduct geological advance prediction on the geological target to be measured according to the scattering density length and the material density length; wherein, the material density length is the product of the material density and the thickness of the geological target to be measured; Conduct geological advance prediction on the geological target to be measured in the following manner: When the scattering density length corresponding to any position inside the geological target to be measured is less than a first preset threshold, or the material density length corresponding to any position inside the geological target to be measured is less than a second preset threshold, it is determined that there is a risk in the geological target to be measured; Determine the first preset threshold according to the material composition of the geological target to be measured, and determine the second preset threshold according to the empirical value of the material density of the geological target to be measured.

2. The geological advance prediction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The muon detection device includes a muon detector and an electronics readout device; The muon detector includes three identical flat plate structures horizontally placed at a preset interval. The flat plate structure includes a first detection plate and a second detection plate. Both the first detection plate and the second detection plate include a plurality of plastic scintillator strips arranged in parallel, and the arrangement direction of the plastic scintillator strips in the first detection plate is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the plastic scintillator strips in the second detection plate; The muon detector is used to detect and obtain a set of position coordinates of muon scattering. The set of position coordinates includes 3 position coordinates. The electronics readout device is used to record the number of effective muon events and read the set of position coordinates corresponding to the effective muon events.

3. The geological advanced prediction method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Obtain the first set of scattering angles and the second set of scattering angles in the following manner: Directly detect cosmic ray muons that have not passed through the geological target to be measured, obtain a plurality of sets of position coordinates, and form a first coordinate set; Detect cosmic ray muons at different positions inside the geological target to be measured, respectively obtain a plurality of sets of position coordinates corresponding to different positions, and respectively form a plurality of second coordinate sets; Perform linear fitting on each set of position coordinates in the first coordinate set to obtain a plurality of scattering angles, and further obtain the first set of scattering angles; Perform fitting on each set of position coordinates in each of the second coordinate sets to obtain a plurality of scattering angles, and further obtain a plurality of second sets of scattering angles.

4. The geological prediction method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Obtain the first flux information and the second flux information in the following manner: Based on the number of first effective muon events recorded by the electronics readout device, the detection duration, and the effective detection area of the muon detection device when directly detecting cosmic ray muons that have not passed through the geological target to be measured, obtain the first flux value; Based on the number of multiple second effective muon events recorded by the electronics readout device, the corresponding detection durations, and the effective detection area of the muon detection device when detecting cosmic ray muons at different positions inside the geological target to be measured, a corresponding plurality of second flux values are obtained.

5. The geological advance prediction method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the corresponding scattering density lengths at different positions inside the geological target to be measured according to the first set of scattering angles and the second set of scattering angles includes: Obtaining a corresponding first variance of the scattering angle distribution based on the first set of scattering angles; Obtaining a plurality of corresponding second variances of the scattering angle distribution based on a plurality of the second sets of scattering angles; Taking the difference between the second variance of the scattering angle distribution and the first variance of the scattering angle distribution as the scattering density length of the geological target to be measured, and further obtaining the corresponding scattering density lengths at different positions inside the geological target to be measured.

6. The geological advance prediction method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the corresponding material density lengths at different positions inside the geological target to be measured according to the first flux information and the second flux information includes: Taking the difference between the second flux value and the first flux value as the muon flux value attenuated by the geological target to be measured, and further obtaining the corresponding attenuated muon flux values at different positions inside the geological target to be measured; Calculating the corresponding minimum muon energy values at different positions according to the corresponding attenuated muon flux values at different positions inside the geological target to be measured; Calculating the corresponding material density lengths at different positions inside the geological target to be measured according to the corresponding minimum muon energy values at different positions.

7. An apparatus for implementing the geological advanced prediction method based on cosmic ray muons according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes: A muon detection device for directly detecting cosmic ray muons without passing through the geological target to be measured, obtaining first detection data, and detecting cosmic ray muons inside the geological target to be measured to obtain second detection data; A processor, where the processor includes: A data processing module for processing the first detection data to obtain the first flux information of muons and the first set of scattering angles of muon scattering; and processing the second detection data to obtain the second flux information of muons and the second set of scattering angles of muon scattering; It is also used to obtain the corresponding scattering density lengths at different positions inside the geological target to be measured according to the first set of scattering angles and the second set of scattering angles, and obtain the corresponding material density lengths at different positions inside the geological target to be measured according to the first flux information and the second flux information; A prediction module for performing geological advance prediction on the geological target to be measured according to the scattering density length and the material density length.

8. The geological advanced prediction device according to claim 7, characterized in that, It further includes a display device for displaying the scattering density length, the material density length, and the geological advance prediction result of the geological target to be measured obtained by the processor.

9. The geological advanced prediction device according to claim 8, wherein It further includes a communication device for establishing a communication connection between the processor and the muon detection device, and establishing a communication connection between the processor and the display device.

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