Cardiac arrest rescue device and method

Abstract

The application provides a cardiac arrest rescue device and method, wherein the device comprises a first current output module, a second current output module and a pulse switching control module; the pulse switching control module controls the size and wave phase of the current delivered to the output electrode module by the first current output module and the second current output module according to input control signals and output feedback signals, so as to control the output electrode module to switch the output of a cardiopulmonary resuscitation pulse, a ventricular fibrillation induction pulse or a cardiac defibrillation pulse. The cardiac arrest rescue device and method of the application can effectively avoid the risk of trauma caused to the human body during mechanical device rescue, do not require additional auxiliary devices, are simple to operate, effectively shorten the first-aid time and improve the rescue success rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a cardiac arrest resuscitation device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Cardiac arrest is caused by abnormal electrical activity in the heart, leading to the loss of a vital pulse and blood pressure. The vast majority of cases are caused by ventricular fibrillation, also known as ventricular fibrillation. After cardiac arrest, the patient lacks effective blood flow and exhibits sudden syncope, loss of consciousness, and cessation of breathing and pulse. If death occurs within minutes without medical attention, it is generally referred to as sudden cardiac death.

[0003] For the resuscitation of cardiac arrest, the concept of the "chain of survival" is widely recognized internationally, which includes early identification and calling for help, early cardiopulmonary resuscitation, early defibrillation, early advanced life support, and standardized post-resuscitation care.

[0004] The four early stages of the chain of survival—early calling for help, early implementation of high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and early use of an AED (automated external defibrillator)—are crucial for improving the survival rate of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. If CPR is performed within 1 minute and defibrillation is performed within 3-5 minutes, the survival rate can reach 50%-70%. Extensive practice shows that if CPR is performed within 4 minutes of cardiac arrest, the patient's survival rate can reach 50%. Beyond this time, the chances of survival are very slim; for every minute of delay, the success rate decreases by 7%-10%. This is the internationally recognized "golden 4 minutes" for resuscitation.

[0005] The 2015 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care state that the first three links in the chain of survival for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA)—identification and activation of the emergency response system, immediate high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and rapid defibrillation—can be performed by the public until professional emergency medical personnel take over.

[0006] Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is globally recognized as the "first-line life-saving technique," and automated external defibrillators (AEDs) are recognized as the most timely, effective, safe, reliable, and readily available life-saving devices for various situations. The use of CPR and AEDs will greatly improve the success rate of rescuing cardiac arrest (SCA).

[0007] The American Heart Association (AHA) has summarized five key indicators and corresponding recommended parameters for measuring the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), including: chest compression fraction (not less than 80%), chest compression rate (100–120 compressions / min), chest compression depth (not less than 50 mm for adults), chest recoil (safe), and ventilation (<12 compressions / min, minimum chest rise).

[0008] In the field of emergency resuscitation, automated external defibrillators (AEDs) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) are the most critical technologies and instruments for saving the lives of patients with sudden cardiac arrest (SCA).

[0009] When a patient experiences cardiac arrest in a hospital, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is typically performed by medical personnel with specialized medical knowledge using specialized hospital equipment. However, this specialized equipment presents challenges in terms of operation, inconvenience, and difficulty in transportation.

[0010] In out-of-hospital emergency care, if a patient experiences cardiac arrest, the first responders are often non-medical personnel lacking professional medical knowledge. Even for trained emergency medical professionals, perfectly performing resuscitation using hospital equipment is challenging. Furthermore, professional personnel are often absent at out-of-hospital cardiac arrest scenes, and actual CPR is usually performed by ordinary bystanders, making it even more difficult to guarantee its quality. Using traditional equipment may damage internal organs or break ribs, causing secondary injuries. Therefore, ensuring the effective implementation of CPR and the entire basic life support process by non-professionals becomes a very challenging problem.

[0011] Existing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) devices (such as those disclosed in CN 113384405 A, CN 113350157 A, CN111358690 A, CN 111420283 A, and CN 113425577 A) all employ mechanical methods, simulating manual CPR chest compressions to help maintain basic blood flow to tissues and the brain, thus buying time for defibrillation. The main problems with this mechanical method are: 1. It requires a mechanical device, which must be physically connected to the patient during resuscitation, a process that is difficult for bystanders. 2. Placing the mechanical CPR device takes time, prolonging the patient's time without blood perfusion. 3. Mechanical CPR devices can lead to related complications, mainly including trauma to the patient during resuscitation, such as rib injuries and internal organ damage. 4. It cannot replace artificial respiration. 5. It requires external power and does not fully utilize the energy stored in the muscles of cardiac arrest patients. 6. Ventricular fibrillation waveforms cannot be induced in patients with prolonged cardiac arrest, and patients without ventricular fibrillation waveforms cannot be treated with automated external defibrillators; 7. The time and place of cardiac arrest are unpredictable. Where to find a cardiopulmonary resuscitation device when a patient has an attack and how long it will take are all problems that need to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0012] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a cardiac arrest resuscitation device and method for performing cardiac arrest resuscitation.

[0013] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0014] A cardiac arrest resuscitation device includes:

[0015] A first current output module, wherein the first output terminal of the first current output module is connected to the output electrode module;

[0016] The second current output module has its first output terminal connected to the output electrode module, and its second output terminal connected to the second output terminal of the first current output module.

[0017] The pulse switching control module is connected to the first current output module, the second current output module and the output electrode module respectively. The pulse switching control module controls the magnitude and phase of the current delivered to the output electrode module by the first current output module and the second current output module based on the input control signal and the output feedback signal, so as to control the output electrode module to switch between cardiopulmonary resuscitation pulse, ventricular fibrillation induction pulse or cardiac defibrillation pulse.

[0018] The output electrode module is used to contact the patient;

[0019] When cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is required, the pulse switching control module controls the first current output module to output current to the output electrode module, and controls the current waveform output by the output electrode module to be a single-phase wave, so as to output the CPR pulse.

[0020] When a ventricular fibrillation induction operation is required, the pulse switching control module controls the first current output module and the second current output module to jointly output current to the output electrode module, and controls the current waveform output by the output electrode module to be a monophasic wave, so as to output the ventricular fibrillation induction pulse;

[0021] When a defibrillation operation is required, the pulse switching control module controls the first current output module and the second current output module to jointly output current to the output electrode module, and controls the current waveform output by the output electrode module to be a biphasic wave, so as to output the defibrillation pulse.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first current output module includes: a first current driving unit, a first controllable switch S1, a second controllable switch S2, a first transformer T1, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a first diode D1, and a second diode D2.

[0023] The first input terminal INA of the first current driving unit is connected to the first output terminal of the pulse switching control module, and the second input terminal INB of the first current driving unit is connected to the second output terminal of the pulse switching control module.

[0024] The power supply terminal VDD, the first enable terminal ENA, and the second enable terminal ENB of the first current drive unit are connected to the first voltage source, and the ground terminal GND of the first current drive unit is grounded.

[0025] The control terminal of the first controllable switch S1 is connected to the first output terminal OUTA of the first current drive unit. The first terminal of the first controllable switch S1 is connected to the same terminal of the second voltage source and the primary winding of the first transformer T1. The second terminal of the first controllable switch S1 is grounded.

[0026] The control terminal of the second controllable switch S2 is connected to the second output terminal OUTB of the first current drive unit. The first terminal of the second controllable switch S2 is connected to the opposite terminal of the primary winding of the first transformer T1 and the first terminal of the first capacitor C1. The second terminal of the first controllable switch S1 and the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 are grounded.

[0027] The center tap of the primary winding of the first transformer T1 is connected to the second voltage source and the first terminal of the first capacitor C1, respectively.

[0028] The cathode of the first diode D1 and the first terminal of the second capacitor C2 together form the second output terminal of the first current output module, and the second output terminal of the first current output module is also connected to the third voltage source.

[0029] The anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2, and one end of the connection between the anode of the first diode D1 and the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the opposite-named terminal of the secondary winding of the first transformer T1; the second terminal of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor C3, and one end of the connection between the second terminal of the second capacitor C2 and the first terminal of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the same-named terminal of the secondary winding of the first transformer T1.

[0030] The anode of the second diode D2 and the second terminal of the third capacitor C3 together form the first output terminal of the first current output module, and the first output terminal of the first current output module is also connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor C1.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second current output module includes: a second current drive unit U2, a third controllable switch S3, a fourth controllable switch S4, a second transformer T2, a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth capacitor C5, a sixth capacitor C6, a third diode D3, and a fourth diode D4; the input control signal includes a first control signal CS1;

[0032] The first input terminal INA of the second current drive unit U2 is connected to the first output terminal of the pulse switching control module, and the second input terminal INB of the second current drive unit U2 is connected to the second output terminal of the pulse switching control module.

[0033] The power supply terminal VDD of the second current drive unit U2 is connected to the first voltage source, the first enable terminal ENA and the second enable terminal ENB of the second current drive unit U2 are connected to the first control signal CS1, and the ground terminal GND of the second current drive unit U2 is grounded.

[0034] The control terminal of the third controllable switch S3 is connected to the first output terminal OUTA of the second current drive unit U2. The first terminal of the third controllable switch S3 is connected to the same terminal of the second voltage source and the primary winding of the second transformer T2 respectively. The second terminal of the third controllable switch S3 is grounded.

[0035] The control terminal of the fourth controllable switch S4 is connected to the second output terminal OUTB of the second current drive unit U2. The first terminal of the fourth controllable switch S4 is connected to the opposite terminal of the primary winding of the second transformer T2 and the first terminal of the fourth capacitor C4. The second terminal of the third controllable switch S3 and the second terminal of the fourth capacitor C4 are grounded.

[0036] The center tap of the primary winding of the second transformer T2 is connected to the first terminal of the second voltage source and the fourth capacitor C4, respectively.

[0037] The cathode of the third diode D3 and the first terminal of the fifth capacitor C5 together form the first output terminal of the second current output module, and the first output terminal of the second current output module is also connected to the fourth voltage source.

[0038] The anode of the third diode D3 is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode D4, and one end of the connection between the anode of the third diode D3 and the cathode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the opposite-named terminal of the secondary winding of the second transformer T2; the second terminal of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to the first terminal of the sixth capacitor C6, and one end of the connection between the second terminal of the fifth capacitor C5 and the first terminal of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to the same-named terminal of the secondary winding of the second transformer T2;

[0039] The anode of the fourth diode D4 and the second terminal of the sixth capacitor C6 together form the second output terminal of the second current output module.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pulse switching control module includes:

[0041] The single-wave / dual-wave switching unit connects the first output terminal of the first current output module and the first output terminal of the second current output module to the output electrode module. The single-wave / dual-wave switching unit controls the output electrode module to release single-phase and dual-phase pulses.

[0042] The output feedback signal includes a first feedback signal collected from the first output terminal of the first current output module and the first output terminal of the second current output module, and a second feedback signal collected from the output electrode module.

[0043] The pulse width and period control unit controls the pulse width and period of the output current of the first current output module and the second current output module based on the first feedback signal, the second feedback signal and the input control signal, so as to control the magnitude of the current supplied to the output electrode module.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the single-wavelength / dual-wavelength switching unit includes a fifth controllable switch S5, a sixth controllable switch S6, a seventh controllable switch S7, and an eighth controllable switch S8.

[0045] The first end of the fifth controllable switch S5 is connected to the first end of the sixth controllable switch S6, and one end is led out from the connection point between the first end of the fifth controllable switch S5 and the first end of the sixth controllable switch S6 and connected to the first output end of the second current output module.

[0046] The second end of the seventh controllable switch S7 is connected to the second end of the eighth controllable switch S8, and one end is led out from the connection point between the second end of the seventh controllable switch S7 and the second end of the eighth controllable switch S8 and connected to the first output end of the first current output module.

[0047] The second end of the fifth controllable switch S5 is connected to the first end of the seventh controllable switch S7, and one end is led out from the connection between the second end of the fifth controllable switch S5 and the first end of the seventh controllable switch S7 as the first output electrode of the output electrode module; the second end of the sixth controllable switch S6 is connected to the first end of the eighth controllable switch S8, and one end is led out from the connection between the second end of the sixth controllable switch S6 and the first end of the eighth controllable switch S8 as the second output electrode of the output electrode module.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pulse width period control unit includes a pulse modulation subunit, a constant voltage and constant current switching subunit, a first feedback signal acquisition subunit, and a second feedback signal acquisition subunit, and the input control signal includes a ventricular fibrillation drive signal;

[0049] The power supply terminal VCC of the pulse modulation subunit is connected to the first voltage source;

[0050] The first input terminal ILIM of the pulse modulation subunit is used to receive the ventricular fibrillation drive signal;

[0051] The first input terminal of the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit receives the first feedback signal through the first feedback signal acquisition subunit, and the second input terminal of the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit receives the second feedback signal through the second feedback signal acquisition subunit; the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit outputs a constant voltage and constant current switching signal based on the first feedback signal and the second feedback signal, and the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit transmits the constant voltage and constant current switching signal to the feedback signal receiving terminal of the pulse modulation subunit through the output terminal of the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit;

[0052] The timing resistor connection terminal of the pulse modulation subunit is grounded through the oscillation timing resistor RT, the timing capacitor connection terminal of the pulse modulation subunit is grounded through the oscillation timing capacitor CT, and the grounding terminal of the pulse modulation subunit is grounded.

[0053] The first output terminal OUTA of the pulse modulation subunit constitutes the first output terminal of the pulse switching control module, and the second output terminal OUTB of the pulse modulation subunit constitutes the second output terminal of the pulse switching control module.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit includes a fifth diode D5 and a sixth diode D6;

[0055] The anode of the fifth diode D5 forms the first input terminal of the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit, the anode of the sixth diode D6 forms the second input terminal of the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit, and the cathodes of the fifth diode D5 and the sixth diode D6 together form the output terminal of the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first feedback signal acquisition subunit includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2. The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first output terminal of the second current output module, the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the second resistor R2, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first output terminal of the first current output module. One end is led out from the connection between the second end of the first resistor R1 and the first end of the second resistor R2 to form the output terminal of the first feedback signal acquisition subunit, and the first feedback signal is output.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first feedback signal acquisition subunit includes a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an amplifier U4, a ninth controllable switch S9, and a tenth controllable switch S10.

[0058] One end of the circuit leading from the connection between the second end of the seventh controllable switch S7 and the second end of the eighth controllable switch S8 is connected to the first output end of the first current output module through the third resistor R3.

[0059] One end is led out from the connection point between the second end of the seventh controllable switch S7 and the second end of the eighth controllable switch S8 and connected to the non-inverting input of the amplifier U4;

[0060] The inverting input of the amplifier U4 is connected to the first terminal of the fourth resistor R4 and the first terminal of the fifth resistor R5, respectively.

[0061] The second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the output end of the amplifier U4;

[0062] The second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the first end of the ninth controllable switch S9, the first end of the sixth resistor R6, the first end of the tenth controllable switch S10, and the first end of the seventh resistor R7, respectively; the second end of the ninth controllable switch S9, the second end of the sixth resistor R6, the second end of the tenth controllable switch S10, and the second end of the seventh resistor R7 are grounded.

[0063] The control terminal of the ninth controllable switch S9 is connected to the first defibrillation current control signal CS2, and the control terminal of the tenth controllable switch S10 is connected to the second defibrillation current control signal CS3.

[0064] The output terminal of the amplifier U4 constitutes the output terminal of the first feedback signal acquisition subunit, so as to output the second feedback signal.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pulse modulation subunit includes an error amplifier, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, and a seventh capacitor C7;

[0066] The first end of the eighth resistor R8 constitutes the feedback signal receiving end of the pulse modulation subunit;

[0067] The second terminal of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the first terminal of the ninth resistor R9, the first terminal of the seventh capacitor C7, and the inverting input terminal of the error amplifier, respectively.

[0068] The second terminal of the ninth resistor R9 and the second terminal of the seventh capacitor C7 are both connected to the output terminal of the error amplifier.

[0069] The non-inverting input of the error amplifier is connected to a reference voltage.

[0070] A method for resuscitating cardiac arrest based on the aforementioned cardiac arrest resuscitation device includes:

[0071] Step 1: Based on the input control signal and output feedback signal, determine whether the patient's respiratory status and electrocardiogram status meet the conditions for electric shock.

[0072] Step 2: If the conditions for electrocardiogram (ECG) shock are met, proceed to step 3; if the conditions for ECG shock are not met, proceed to step 6.

[0073] Step 3: Control the output electrode module to output a cardiac defibrillation pulse;

[0074] Step 4: Detect the patient's respiratory and electrocardiographic status based on the output feedback signal to determine whether defibrillation was successful after the output defibrillation pulse;

[0075] Step 5: If defibrillation is successful, continue to monitor the patient's respiratory and ECG status based on the output feedback signal and record the results; if defibrillation fails, continue to step 6.

[0076] Step 6: Sequentially control the output electrode module to output the cardiopulmonary resuscitation pulse and the ventricular fibrillation induction pulse, and return to step 1 above after the output electrode module outputs the cardiopulmonary resuscitation pulse and the ventricular fibrillation induction pulse.

[0077] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes the following step before step 1:

[0078] Step 0.1: Prompt the user to attach the output electrode module to the patient;

[0079] Step 0.2: Check whether the output electrode module has been attached to the patient;

[0080] Step 0.3: If it is detected that the output electrode module is not attached to the patient, the user is prompted to reattach it; if it is detected that the output electrode module is attached to the patient, the user is prompted not to touch the patient and proceed to step 1.

[0081] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0082] The present invention uses a pulse switching control module to control the magnitude and phase of the current supplied to the output electrode module by the first current output module and the second current output module, so as to control the output electrode module to switch the output of cardiopulmonary resuscitation pulse, ventricular fibrillation induction pulse or cardiac defibrillation pulse, so as to realize cardiac arrest rescue.

[0083] Because this device awakens human functions by generating electrical pulses, it uses electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation to replace the traditional mechanical chest compression method, making full use of the patient's own potential and effectively avoiding the risk of trauma to the human body caused by mechanical devices during rescue.

[0084] This device integrates electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and automated external defibrillation (AED) functions. It can share a power supply and a set of electrodes when performing CPR and defibrillation, without the need for additional auxiliary devices. It is simple to operate; the rescuer only needs to place the electrode module on the patient's chest, and the device will automatically complete the rest of the work.

[0085] Meanwhile, by adding a ventricular fibrillation induction pulse, cardiac arrest patients can be quickly brought into ventricular fibrillation, and then immediately defibrillated by an automated external defibrillator, shortening the emergency response time and improving the success rate of rescue.

[0086] Meanwhile, the cardiac arrest resuscitation device and method are simple to implement, easy to operate, can be widely implemented, and effectively achieve resuscitation. Attached Figure Description

[0087] The accompanying drawings are illustrative of the invention by way of example and are not intended to limit the invention. Similar reference numerals refer to similar elements.

[0088] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cardiac arrest resuscitation device of the present invention in one embodiment;

[0089] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the cardiac arrest resuscitation method of the present invention in one embodiment;

[0090] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the waveform of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation pulse output by the cardiac arrest resuscitation device of the present invention in one embodiment;

[0091] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the waveform of the ventricular fibrillation induced pulse output by the cardiac arrest resuscitation device of the present invention in one embodiment;

[0092] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the waveform of the cardiac defibrillation pulse output by the cardiac arrest resuscitation device of the present invention in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0093] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0094] The terminology used in this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this disclosure. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” as used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0095] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the cardiac arrest resuscitation device includes:

[0096] A first current output module, wherein the first output terminal of the first current output module is connected to the output electrode module;

[0097] The second current output module has its first output terminal connected to the output electrode module, and its second output terminal connected to the second output terminal of the first current output module.

[0098] The pulse switching control module is connected to the first current output module, the second current output module and the output electrode module respectively. The pulse switching control module controls the magnitude and phase of the current delivered to the output electrode module by the first current output module and the second current output module based on the input control signal and the output feedback signal, so as to control the output electrode module to switch between cardiopulmonary resuscitation pulse, ventricular fibrillation induction pulse or cardiac defibrillation pulse.

[0099] The output electrode module is used to contact the patient;

[0100] When cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is required, the pulse switching control module controls the first current output module to output current to the output electrode module, and controls the current waveform output by the output electrode module to be a single-phase wave, so as to output the CPR pulse.

[0101] When a ventricular fibrillation induction operation is required, the pulse switching control module controls the first current output module and the second current output module to jointly output current to the output electrode module, and controls the current waveform output by the output electrode module to be a monophasic wave, so as to output the ventricular fibrillation induction pulse;

[0102] When a defibrillation operation is required, the pulse switching control module controls the first current output module and the second current output module to jointly output current to the output electrode module, and controls the current waveform output by the output electrode module to be a biphasic wave, so as to output the defibrillation pulse.

[0103] Figure 1 In this context, RL represents the equivalent resistance formed by human tissue between the two defibrillation electrodes—that is, the transthoracic impedance, which has a value between 25Ω and 175Ω.

[0104] In this embodiment, the first current output module includes: a first current drive unit U1, a first controllable switch S1, a second controllable switch S2, a first transformer T1, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a first diode D1, and a second diode D2;

[0105] The first input terminal INA of the first current driving unit U1 is connected to the first output terminal of the pulse switching control module, and the second input terminal INB of the first current driving unit U1 is connected to the second output terminal of the pulse switching control module.

[0106] The power supply terminal VDD, the first enable terminal ENA, and the second enable terminal ENB of the first current drive unit U1 are connected to the first voltage source V1, and the ground terminal GND of the first current drive unit U1 is grounded.

[0107] The first voltage source V1 can be composed of a 12V voltage source.

[0108] The control terminal of the first controllable switch S1 is connected to the first output terminal OUTA of the first current drive unit U1. The first terminal of the first controllable switch S1 is connected to the same terminal of the second voltage source V2 and the primary winding of the first transformer T1 respectively. The second terminal of the first controllable switch S1 is grounded.

[0109] In this embodiment, the second voltage source V2 may be composed of a 27V voltage source.

[0110] The control terminal of the second controllable switch S2 is connected to the second output terminal OUTB of the first current drive unit U1. The first terminal of the second controllable switch S2 is connected to the opposite terminal of the primary winding of the first transformer T1 and the first terminal of the first capacitor C1 respectively. The second terminal of the first controllable switch S1 and the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 are grounded.

[0111] The center tap of the primary winding of the first transformer T1 is connected to the first terminal of the second voltage source V2 and the first capacitor C1, respectively.

[0112] The cathode of the first diode D1 and the first terminal of the second capacitor C2 together form the second output terminal of the first current output module, and the second output terminal of the first current output module is also connected to the third voltage source V3.

[0113] The third voltage source V3 can be composed of a voltage source that floats in the range of 0-750V.

[0114] The anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2, and one end of the connection between the anode of the first diode D1 and the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the opposite-named terminal of the secondary winding of the first transformer T1; the second terminal of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor C3, and one end of the connection between the second terminal of the second capacitor C2 and the first terminal of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the same-named terminal of the secondary winding of the first transformer T1.

[0115] The anode of the second diode D2 and the second terminal of the third capacitor C3 together form the first output terminal of the first current output module, and the first output terminal of the first current output module is also connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor C1.

[0116] The first current drive unit U1 can be composed of a gate driver with an enable terminal. The first current drive unit U1, together with the first controllable switch S1, the second controllable switch S2, the first transformer T1, the first diode D1 and the second diode D2, the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3, constitute a first current output module for outputting cardiopulmonary resuscitation pulse signals. This first current output module operates when outputting cardiopulmonary resuscitation pulses and also operates when outputting defibrillation pulse generator signals.

[0117] During operation, the first controllable switch S1 and the second controllable switch S2 are alternately turned on, transferring the charge in the first capacitor C1 to the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3, forming a voltage across the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3, which is then applied to the load RL through the H-bridge circuit, thereby forming a current. In this embodiment, the second current output module includes: a second current drive unit U2, a third controllable switch S3, a fourth controllable switch S4, a second transformer T2, a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth capacitor C5, a sixth capacitor C6, a third diode D3, and a fourth diode D4; the input control signal includes a first control signal CS1.

[0118] The first input terminal INA of the second current drive unit U2 is connected to the first output terminal of the pulse switching control module, and the second input terminal INB of the second current drive unit U2 is connected to the second output terminal of the pulse switching control module.

[0119] The power supply terminal VDD of the second current drive unit U2 is connected to the first voltage source V1, the first enable terminal ENA and the second enable terminal ENB of the second current drive unit U2 are connected to the first control signal CS1, and the ground terminal GND of the second current drive unit U2 is grounded.

[0120] The control terminal of the third controllable switch S3 is connected to the first output terminal OUTA of the second current drive unit U2. The first terminal of the third controllable switch S3 is connected to the same terminal of the primary winding of the second voltage source V2 and the second transformer T2 respectively. The second terminal of the third controllable switch S3 is grounded.

[0121] The control terminal of the fourth controllable switch S4 is connected to the second output terminal OUTB of the second current drive unit U2. The first terminal of the fourth controllable switch S4 is connected to the opposite terminal of the primary winding of the second transformer T2 and the first terminal of the fourth capacitor C4. The second terminal of the third controllable switch S3 and the second terminal of the fourth capacitor C4 are grounded.

[0122] The center tap of the primary winding of the second transformer T2 is connected to the first terminal of the second voltage source V2 and the fourth capacitor C4, respectively.

[0123] The cathode of the third diode D3 and the first terminal of the fifth capacitor C5 together form the first output terminal of the second current output module, and the first output terminal of the second current output module is also connected to the fourth voltage source V4.

[0124] In this embodiment, the fourth voltage source V4 may be composed of a voltage source that floats between 0 and 1500V.

[0125] The anode of the third diode D3 is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode D4, and one end of the connection between the anode of the third diode D3 and the cathode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the opposite-named terminal of the secondary winding of the second transformer T2; the second terminal of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to the first terminal of the sixth capacitor C6, and one end of the connection between the second terminal of the fifth capacitor C5 and the first terminal of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to the same-named terminal of the secondary winding of the second transformer T2;

[0126] The anode of the fourth diode D4 and the second terminal of the sixth capacitor C6 together form the second output terminal of the second current output module.

[0127] In practical implementation, the second current drive unit U2 can be composed of a gate driver with an enable terminal. The third controllable switch S3, the fourth controllable switch S4, the second transformer T2, the third diode D3, the fourth diode D4, the fourth capacitor C4, the fifth capacitor C5, and the sixth capacitor C6 can be used to generate defibrillation pulses. This second current output module operates when outputting defibrillation pulses, including ventricular fibrillation evoked pulses or cardiac defibrillation pulses, and does not operate when outputting cardiopulmonary resuscitation pulses. This circuit increases the output current by increasing the output voltage, and its operating principle is the same as that of the first current output module. When the circuit is turned off, the output voltage is not high, which helps to stabilize the output current and prevents it from entering a constant voltage mode. The waveform of the cardiac defibrillation pulse can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 5 As shown.

[0128] In this embodiment, the pulse switching control module includes:

[0129] The single-wave / dual-wave switching unit connects the first output terminal of the first current output module and the first output terminal of the second current output module to the output electrode module. The single-wave / dual-wave switching unit controls the output electrode module to release single-phase and dual-phase pulses.

[0130] The output feedback signal includes a first feedback signal collected from the first output terminal of the first current output module and the first output terminal of the second current output module, and a second feedback signal collected from the output electrode module.

[0131] The pulse width and period control unit controls the pulse width and period of the output current of the first current output module and the second current output module based on the first feedback signal, the second feedback signal and the input control signal, so as to control the magnitude of the current supplied to the output electrode module.

[0132] In this embodiment, the single-wavelength / dual-wavelength switching unit includes a fifth controllable switch S5, a sixth controllable switch S6, a seventh controllable switch S7, and an eighth controllable switch S8.

[0133] The first end of the fifth controllable switch S5 is connected to the first end of the sixth controllable switch S6, and one end is led out from the connection point between the first end of the fifth controllable switch S5 and the first end of the sixth controllable switch S6 and connected to the first output end of the second current output module.

[0134] The second end of the seventh controllable switch S7 is connected to the second end of the eighth controllable switch S8, and one end is led out from the connection point between the second end of the seventh controllable switch S7 and the second end of the eighth controllable switch S8 and connected to the first output end of the first current output module.

[0135] The second end of the fifth controllable switch S5 is connected to the first end of the seventh controllable switch S7, and one end is led out from the connection between the second end of the fifth controllable switch S5 and the first end of the seventh controllable switch S7 as the first output electrode of the output electrode module; the second end of the sixth controllable switch S6 is connected to the first end of the eighth controllable switch S8, and one end is led out from the connection between the second end of the sixth controllable switch S6 and the first end of the eighth controllable switch S8 as the second output electrode of the output electrode module.

[0136] In this embodiment, the fifth controllable switch S5, the sixth controllable switch S6, the seventh controllable switch S7, and the eighth controllable switch S8 constitute an H-bridge circuit, which can be used to control the phase of the pulse; during the output pulse, the switch on / off state remains unchanged to output a single-phase wave, and the switch on / off state changes once to output a dual-phase wave.

[0137] Its working process is as follows:

[0138] When there is no pulse output, the seventh controllable switch S7 and the eighth controllable switch S8 are turned on, and the fifth controllable switch S5 and the sixth controllable switch S6 are turned off, grounding the two ends of the load RL to reduce the leakage current to the patient.

[0139] When outputting a positive pulse, first close the seventh controllable switch S7, then close the fifth controllable switch S5. This connects the end of RL connected to the fifth controllable switch S5 to the positive power supply, and the end of RL connected to S10 to ground. A positive pulse is then output on RL.

[0140] When a negative pulse is output, the seventh controllable switch S7 and the sixth controllable switch S6 are turned on, while the fifth controllable switch S5 and the eighth controllable switch S8 are turned off.

[0141] When a pulse is generated, the state of the switch changes once, resulting in a biphase wave; otherwise, the output is a single-phase wave.

[0142] In this embodiment, the pulse width cycle control unit includes a pulse modulation subunit, a constant voltage and constant current switching subunit, a first feedback signal acquisition subunit, and a second feedback signal acquisition subunit, and the input control signal includes a ventricular fibrillation drive signal;

[0143] The power supply terminal VCC of the pulse modulation subunit is connected to the first voltage source V1;

[0144] The first input terminal ILIM of the pulse modulation subunit is used to receive the ventricular fibrillation drive signal;

[0145] The first input terminal of the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit receives the first feedback signal through the first feedback signal acquisition subunit, and the second input terminal of the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit receives the second feedback signal through the second feedback signal acquisition subunit; the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit outputs a constant voltage and constant current switching signal based on the first feedback signal and the second feedback signal, and the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit transmits the constant voltage and constant current switching signal to the feedback signal receiving terminal of the pulse modulation subunit through the output terminal of the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit;

[0146] The timing resistor connection terminal of the pulse modulation subunit is grounded through the oscillation timing resistor RT, the timing capacitor connection terminal of the pulse modulation subunit is grounded through the oscillation timing capacitor CT, and the grounding terminal of the pulse modulation subunit is grounded.

[0147] The period of the output pulse can be controlled by adjusting the values ​​of the oscillation timing resistor RT and the oscillation timing capacitor CT. In this embodiment, the output pulse can be set to 2.5μs, so 200 pulses can be output every 0.5ms. The output pulse width can be adjusted 200 times. A good setting value is given here, but in actual applications, it can be adjusted within a certain range according to actual needs.

[0148] The first output terminal OUTA of the pulse modulation subunit constitutes the first output terminal of the pulse switching control module, and the second output terminal OUTB of the pulse modulation subunit constitutes the second output terminal of the pulse switching control module.

[0149] In this embodiment, the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit includes a fifth diode D5 and a sixth diode D6;

[0150] The anode of the fifth diode D5 forms the first input terminal of the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit, the anode of the sixth diode D6 forms the second input terminal of the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit, and the cathodes of the fifth diode D5 and the sixth diode D6 together form the output terminal of the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit.

[0151] In this embodiment, a fifth diode D5 and a sixth diode D6 constitute an analog or logic circuit for automatic switching between constant voltage and constant current control modes. When the anode voltage of the fifth diode D5 is high, the circuit operates in constant voltage mode; when the anode voltage of the sixth diode D6 is high, the circuit operates in constant current mode.

[0152] In this embodiment, the first feedback signal acquisition subunit includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2. The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first output terminal of the second current output module, the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the second resistor R2, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first output terminal of the first current output module. One end is led out from the connection between the second end of the first resistor R1 and the first end of the second resistor R2 to form the output terminal of the first feedback signal acquisition subunit, and the first feedback signal is output.

[0153] In this embodiment, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 constitute the output voltage divider resistor. The voltage division ratio can be 1500V:5.1V.

[0154] In this embodiment, the first feedback signal acquisition subunit includes a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an amplifier U4, a ninth controllable switch S9, and a tenth controllable switch S10.

[0155] One end of the circuit leading from the connection between the second end of the seventh controllable switch S7 and the second end of the eighth controllable switch S8 is connected to the first output end of the first current output module through the third resistor R3.

[0156] One end is led out from the connection point between the second end of the seventh controllable switch S7 and the second end of the eighth controllable switch S8 and connected to the non-inverting input of the amplifier U4;

[0157] The inverting input of the amplifier U4 is connected to the first terminal of the fourth resistor R4 and the first terminal of the fifth resistor R5, respectively.

[0158] The second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the output end of the amplifier U4;

[0159] The second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the first end of the ninth controllable switch S9, the first end of the sixth resistor R6, the first end of the tenth controllable switch S10, and the first end of the seventh resistor R7, respectively; the second end of the ninth controllable switch S9, the second end of the sixth resistor R6, the second end of the tenth controllable switch S10, and the second end of the seventh resistor R7 are grounded.

[0160] The control terminal of the ninth controllable switch S9 is connected to the first defibrillation current control signal CS2, and the control terminal of the tenth controllable switch S10 is connected to the second defibrillation current control signal CS3.

[0161] The output terminal of the amplifier U4 constitutes the output terminal of the first feedback signal acquisition subunit, so as to output the second feedback signal.

[0162] The third resistor R3 forms the output defibrillation current sampling resistor. The resistance value of the third resistor R3 can be set to 20mΩ, so that each ampere of output current can generate a voltage of 20mV.

[0163] In this embodiment, by setting a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an amplifier U4, a ninth controllable switch S9, and a tenth controllable switch S10, an in-phase amplifier can be constructed to effectively amplify the second feedback signal for amplifying the defibrillation current. The amplifier U4 can be composed of an operational amplifier.

[0164] In this embodiment, the pulse modulation subunit includes an error amplifier, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, and a seventh capacitor C7;

[0165] The first end of the eighth resistor R8 constitutes the feedback signal receiving end of the pulse modulation subunit;

[0166] The second terminal of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the first terminal of the ninth resistor R9, the first terminal of the seventh capacitor C7, and the inverting input terminal of the error amplifier, respectively.

[0167] The second terminal of the ninth resistor R9 and the second terminal of the seventh capacitor C7 are both connected to the output terminal of the error amplifier.

[0168] The non-inverting input of the error amplifier is connected to a reference voltage.

[0169] The error amplifier can be set in an integrated control subunit U3, while the eighth resistor R8, the ninth resistor R9 and the seventh capacitor C7 are external to the integrated control subunit U3. In practice, the integrated control subunit U3 performs pulse width modulation control. The integrated control subunit U3 automatically adjusts the width of the output pulse at the first output terminal and the second output terminal according to the output impedance RL, thereby stabilizing the output current or output voltage.

[0170] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the VREF terminal in the integrated control subunit U3 is the output terminal of its internal reference voltage (or reference voltage). In practice, after the integrated control subunit U3 is powered on, the VREF terminal can output a reference voltage of 5.1V.

[0171] The EA+, EA-, and EAO terminals in the integrated control subunit U3 respectively constitute the non-inverting input, inverting input, and output terminals of the error amplifier located inside the integrated control subunit U3. During closed-loop operation, the voltages on the EA+ and EA- terminals must be equal; otherwise, the circuit adjusts the output voltage or current through pulse width modulation until the voltage on the EA+ terminal equals the voltage on the EA- terminal.

[0172] Specifically, when the device is working, the VREF terminal in the integrated control subunit U3 is connected to the EA+ terminal, which supplies a 5.1V DC reference voltage to the non-inverting input of the error amplifier. The output voltage is then sent to EA- and compared with the 5.1V reference voltage. If it is greater than 5.1V, it means the output is too high and the output should be reduced; if it is too low, the output should be increased. This continues until EA+ = EA-.

[0173] If the ninth resistor R9 is much larger than the eighth resistor R8, then the voltage at the connection point of the fifth diode D5, the sixth diode D6, and the fourth resistor R4 should remain at 5.1V. The fifth diode D5 and the sixth diode D6 are connected with a common cathode; during operation, the diode with the higher anode voltage conducts. Assuming the anode voltage of the fifth diode D5 is higher than that of the sixth diode D6, then during stable operation, the voltage at the connection point of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the anode of the fifth diode D5 should be 5.1V, since the current flowing into the EA- terminal and the ninth resistor R9 is close to zero. Therefore, the output voltage Vo at the connection point of the first resistor R1 and the fifth capacitor C5 is proportional to the voltage at the connection point of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the anode of the fifth diode D5.

[0174] The output voltage Vo at the connection point of the first resistor R1 and the fifth capacitor C5 can be obtained by the following formula:

[0175] Vo = (1 + R2 / R1) × 5.1V.

[0176] Under constant current conditions, the anode voltage of the sixth diode D6 is higher than that of the fifth diode D5. During stable operation, the anode voltage of the sixth diode D6 should remain at 5.1V. Since the anode voltage of the sixth diode D6 is proportional to the output current, let the amplification factor of amplifier U4 be A.

[0177] The output current IO at the connection point of the first resistor R1 and the fifth capacitor C5 can be obtained by the following formula:

[0178] IO×R3×A=5.1V, then IO=5.1V / (R3×A), therefore changing A will change the output current IO.

[0179] In this embodiment, an error amplifier, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, and a seventh capacitor C7, all housed in an integrated control subunit U3, constitute a proportional-integral control circuit. The goal is to control the voltage at pin 1 of the integrated control subunit U3 at 5.1V. Because the amplification factor A remains constant when each pulse is emitted, the voltage across R10 remains unchanged, thereby stabilizing the current flowing through the third resistor R3, which in turn stabilizes the current flowing through the defibrillation electrodes.

[0180] When controlled by the above circuit, the start control signal CSI, sent to the first input terminal ILIM of the pulse modulation subunit, is used to control the pulse width. When the start control signal CSI is low, the first and second output terminals of the integrated control subunit U3 output pulses, and there is a pulse current on the defibrillator electrode. When the start control signal CSI is high, there are no output pulses at the first and second output terminals of the integrated control subunit U3, and no pulse current on the defibrillator electrode. Therefore, the pulse width is the time when the start control signal CSI is low. That is, the output pulse width = the time when CSI is low.

[0181] The first defibrillation current control signal CS2 and the second defibrillation current control signal CS3 are used to control the current I flowing through the defibrillation electrodes. The output current I is controlled by changing the amplification factor A of the programmable non-inverting amplifier according to the logical combination of the first defibrillation current control signal CS2 and the second defibrillation current control signal CS3.

[0182] Its logic table is shown in Table 1 below:

[0183]

[0184]

[0185] Table 1

[0186] In this context, 0 represents a low level and 1 represents a high level.

[0187] In implementing this invention, changes in chest impedance can be used to measure respiration, and electrocardiogram (ECG) can be detected using defibrillation electrodes. By monitoring these two physiological parameters—respiration and ECG—the system continuously determines whether defibrillation is possible and successful, as well as other key indicators such as the effectiveness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

[0188] During implementation, the cardiac arrest resuscitation device controls the states of the first defibrillation current control signal CS2 and the second defibrillation current control signal CS3 based on the acquired signals. If the acquired electrocardiogram (ECG) is a straight line, several evoked pulses can be applied to convert the straight ECG into a ventricular fibrillation ECG. The device then analyzes whether defibrillation is possible; if defibrillation is feasible, a defibrillation pulse is output.

[0189] The two input terminals of the first current drive unit and the two input terminals (INA and INB) of the second current drive unit always receive the pulse width modulation (PWM) signals output from the two output terminals (OUTA and OUTB) of the integrated control subunit U3. The output of cardiopulmonary resuscitation pulses, ventricular fibrillation evoked pulses, or cardiopulmonary defibrillation pulses does not switch.

[0190] The pulse width (in microseconds) of the pulse width modulation (PWM) signals output from the two output terminals (OUTA, OUTB) of the integrated control subunit U3 is determined by the voltage at the EAO terminal of the integrated control subunit U3.

[0191] Since the output current IO = 5.1V / (R3×A)

[0192] Therefore, different current intensities are required when outputting cardiopulmonary resuscitation pulses, ventricular fibrillation induction pulses, or cardiopulmonary defibrillation pulses.

[0193] The output current can be changed by simply altering the amplification factor of amplifier U4.

[0194] Different pulse widths (in milliseconds) are required when outputting cardiopulmonary resuscitation pulses, ventricular fibrillation evoked pulses, or cardiopulmonary defibrillation pulses. The pulse width is controlled by the start control signal CSI, which regulates the operating time of the integrated control subunit U3's output circuit. The output pulse width of integrated control subunit U3 is N milliseconds (N can be any value between 0.1 and 20).

[0195] The two output terminals (OUTA, OUTB) of the integrated control subunit U3 output PWM signals at the microsecond level, which in this embodiment is in the range of 1 microsecond to 10 microseconds.

[0196] For low-current control, one pulse generator in either the first or second current drive unit can be turned off, making adjustment and standing easier. When a high current is required, both pulse generators operate. In practice, the first and second current drive units can be composed of two pulse generators of identical specifications.

[0197] In this embodiment, the activation control signal CSI, the first control signal CS1, the first defibrillation current control signal CS2, and the second defibrillation current control signal CS3 can all be issued by the control system. The control system can be a digital signal processing device (DSP), PLA, or microcontroller, wherein:

[0198] The function of the start control signal CSI is to control the output pulse width;

[0199] The function of the first defibrillation current control signal CS2 and the second defibrillation current control signal CS3 is to adjust the intensity of the output pulse current, which is achieved by changing the amplification factor of amplifier U4.

[0200] The first control signal CS1 is used to turn the second current drive unit U2 off or on. The second current drive unit U2 is turned off when the current is small and turned on when the current is large.

[0201] When outputting cardiopulmonary resuscitation pulses, ventricular fibrillation induction pulses, or cardiopulmonary defibrillation pulses, the required current is small, so the first control signal CS1 is at a low level, and the two output terminals (OUTA and OUTB) of the second current drive unit U2 have no output signal, thus turning off the second current drive unit to make the output current more stable.

[0202] When a 20A defibrillation current needs to be output, the first control signal CS1 is set to a high level, and the second current drive unit is turned on. At this time, both the first current drive unit U1 and the second current drive unit U2 are working to meet the defibrillation current requirement.

[0203] In this embodiment, the electrodes are ordinary adhesive AED electrodes. Due to the small stimulation current and short pulse duration, the power consumption is very low. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) utilizes the energy stored in the patient's muscles. We observed that during defibrillation, the patient's entire body contracts, indicating the presence of energy in the muscles. Because of the low power consumption and short CPR time, the AED power supply is sufficient for implementation.

[0204] like Figure 2 As shown, the cardiac arrest resuscitation device in the above embodiments can implement the following cardiac arrest resuscitation method, the method including:

[0205] Step 0.1: Prompt the user to attach the output electrode module to the patient;

[0206] Step 0.2: Check whether the output electrode module has been attached to the patient;

[0207] Step 0.3: If it is detected that the output electrode module is not attached to the patient, the user is prompted to reattach it; if it is detected that the output electrode module is attached to the patient, the user is prompted not to touch the patient and proceed to step 1.

[0208] Step 1: Based on the input control signal and output feedback signal, determine whether the patient's respiratory status and electrocardiogram status meet the conditions for electric shock.

[0209] Step 2: If the conditions for electrocardiogram (ECG) shock are met, proceed to step 3; if the conditions for ECG shock are not met, proceed to step 6.

[0210] Step 3: Control the output electrode module to output a cardiac defibrillation pulse;

[0211] Step 4: Detect the patient's respiratory and electrocardiographic status based on the output feedback signal to determine whether defibrillation was successful after the output defibrillation pulse;

[0212] Step 5: If defibrillation is successful, continue to monitor the patient's respiratory and ECG status based on the output feedback signal and record the results; if defibrillation fails, continue to step 6.

[0213] Step 6: Sequentially control the output electrode module to output the cardiopulmonary resuscitation pulse and the ventricular fibrillation induction pulse, and return to step 1 above after the output electrode module outputs the cardiopulmonary resuscitation pulse and the ventricular fibrillation induction pulse.

[0214] The beneficial effects of the cardiac arrest resuscitation device and method in the above embodiments are:

[0215] 1. Use electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to replace traditional mechanical chest compressions, making full use of the patient's own potential;

[0216] 2. Electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation and external defibrillation are integrated into one unit, sharing a power supply and a set of electrodes. No additional auxiliary devices are required, and the operation is simple. The rescuer only needs to place the electrodes on the patient's chest, and the rest of the work is completed automatically by the equipment.

[0217] 3. This invention adds a ventricular fibrillation induction pulse, which can quickly induce ventricular fibrillation in cardiac arrest patients, followed by immediate external defibrillation, shortening the emergency treatment time and improving the success rate of rescue.

[0218] The following is a further explanation of the implementation methods and principles of the cardiac arrest resuscitation device and method of the present invention:

[0219] The cardiac arrest resuscitation device of the present invention can output cardiopulmonary resuscitation pulses, ventricular fibrillation induction pulses, and cardiac defibrillation pulses. In practice, only the electrodes constituting the output electrode module need to be attached to the patient. A set of electrodes can output cardiopulmonary resuscitation pulses, ventricular fibrillation induction pulses, and cardiac defibrillation pulses to perform cardiac arrest resuscitation. When using the cardiac arrest resuscitation device, it is only necessary to connect it to a power source. The power source provides energy to the cardiac arrest resuscitation device. There are no special requirements, it has a wide range of applications, and it is easy to move.

[0220] When performing electronic cardiopulmonary resuscitation using the aforementioned cardiac arrest resuscitation device, the device uses electric current to stimulate muscle contraction, replacing chest compressions and artificial respiration, and can induce ventricular fibrillation and external defibrillation, completing the second and third links in the chain of survival, namely, early implementation of high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and early automated external defibrillation (AED).

[0221] Its implementation principle is as follows:

[0222] All forms of human movement are primarily accomplished through the contractile activity of muscle cells. Based on their functional characteristics, muscles can be classified into three types: skeletal muscle cells, smooth muscle cells, and cardiac muscle cells. The frequency of impulses fired by motor neurons also affects the contraction pattern and intensity of skeletal muscle. When a skeletal muscle receives a brief stimulus, an action potential is generated, followed by a contraction and relaxation; this type of contraction is called a single twitch.

[0223] In a single twitch, the action potential duration (equivalent to the absolute refractory period) is only 1-2 ms, while the contraction process can last for tens or even hundreds of milliseconds. Therefore, it is possible for the muscle to receive new stimuli and undergo excitation and contraction during mechanical contraction, resulting in a summation of the new contraction with the previous, incomplete contraction. When skeletal muscle is subjected to continuous stimulation at a high frequency, tetanic contraction based on this summation process can occur. If the stimulation frequency is relatively low, the summation process occurs during relaxation, resulting in incomplete tetanic contraction; increasing the stimulation frequency causes the summation process to occur during contraction, resulting in complete tetanic contraction. Tetanic contraction usually refers to complete tetanic contraction. Under isometric contraction conditions, the tension generated by tetanic contraction can be 3-4 times that of a single twitch. Under physiological conditions, the efferent nerves innervating skeletal muscles always generate continuous impulses, so skeletal muscle contractions are all tetanic contractions. Respiratory muscles are a type of skeletal muscle. After cardiac arrest, the respiratory muscles store some energy, but because the nervous system cannot control the contraction of the respiratory muscles, breathing stops, and oxygen cannot be supplied to the blood.

[0224] Functional electrical stimulation of neuromuscular nerves produces muscle contraction. Muscle movement is based on the electrical properties of nerve fiber cell bodies transmitting information along axonal action potentials. Although action potentials generated naturally in axons are chemical, they can also be artificially depolarized using electrical pulses. A sequence of electrical pulses with a specific amplitude, width, and repetition frequency, applied to the nerves innervating muscles (motor neurons), will cause muscle contraction, much like natural excitation. Similarly, stimulating muscle tissue near the motor point with a sequence of electrical pulses will result in muscle contraction. This invention applies electrical stimulation pulses to the patient's chest to achieve cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

[0225] Among them, such as Figure 3 As shown, the cardiopulmonary resuscitation pulse includes:

[0226] The frequency of the cardiac resuscitation pulse is 100-120 beats / min;

[0227] Pulse sequence for lung resuscitation.

[0228] Cardiac resuscitation pulses use short, sharp pulses to stimulate the chest muscles, causing them to contract in accordance with the frequency of the pulses. This forces blood from the heart into the aorta, providing some fresh blood to the brain, kidneys, and other vital organs, thus prolonging the decline of these organ functions.

[0229] Cardiac resuscitation pulses stimulate the contraction of respiratory muscles to achieve high-frequency ventilation.

[0230] To further improve the effectiveness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the present invention specifically applies a lung resuscitation pulse sequence, using short pulse sequence stimulation to stimulate the motor nerves of the inspiratory muscles to generate inspiratory movements.

[0231] To stimulate the muscles of the respiratory system, this invention employs an electrical pulse pattern that induces smooth inspiration. The electrical pulse sequence consists of multiple 30μs unipolar pulses. The frequency of the pulse sequence is 100 pulses per second. The pulse current is 1000mA.

[0232] Preferably, during implementation, the current in the pulse sequence gradually increases, initially 100–200 mA, and eventually 500–1500 mA. The pulse sequence width is 100–300 μs, the frequency is 35 Hz, and the duration is 0.5–2 s. The electronic stimulation waveform for cardiopulmonary resuscitation uses a monophasic wave, such as… Figure 3 As shown.

[0233] The aforementioned pulses are applied to the patient's chest via the output electrode module.

[0234] The physiological respiratory function provided by the method of this invention is far better than that provided by a mechanical ventilator because it draws air into the lungs through the muscular system, rather than using mechanical pressure to force air into the chest cavity.

[0235] The principle behind the ventricular fibrillation induction pulse is as follows:

[0236] Current defibrillators are devices developed based on experience without a complete understanding of the defibrillation mechanism, and many researchers are studying this important issue.

[0237] To induce ventricular fibrillation, a certain intensity of electrical stimulation must be delivered. The minimum stimulation current that will induce ventricular fibrillation when the stimulation current is further increased is called the "lower limit of excitability" (LVPE). More powerful shocks will not cause ventricular fibrillation; the minimum stimulation current above the LVPE that will not induce ventricular fibrillation is called the "upper limit of excitability" (UPDE). The stimulation current for inducing ventricular fibrillation falls between the LVPE and UDE. Defibrillation is completed when the stimulation current exceeds the UDE.

[0238] For patients with prolonged cardiac arrest, the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal becomes a flat line instead of ventricular fibrillation waves, making automated external defibrillation (AED) treatment impossible. To achieve defibrillation and restore sinus rhythm, this invention first induces ventricular fibrillation waves using an electronic stimulation pulse of a certain intensity, with a pulse current of 2–5 A and a pulse width of 0.5–2 ms. Initially, a lower current is used to stimulate the heart, and then the stimulation intensity is gradually increased to induce ventricular fibrillation. The electronic stimulation waveform for inducing ventricular fibrillation uses a monophasic waveform; specific waveforms can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 4 As shown.

[0239] The principle behind the implementation of a cardiac defibrillation pulse is as follows:

[0240] After the defibrillation pulse is delivered, the device immediately analyzes the surface electrocardiogram to determine if ventricular fibrillation waves are induced. If no ventricular fibrillation waves are induced, the cardiac arrest resuscitation device generates a ventricular fibrillation induction pulse to increase the stimulation current. Then, the results are further assessed. If a shockable rhythm is found, the cardiac arrest resuscitation device releases a defibrillation pulse to defibrillate the patient. The defibrillation pulse current intensity is 20A, the duration is 10ms, and the device outputs a biphasic waveform for pulmonary defibrillation, as shown in the figure. Figure 4 As shown.

[0241] The values ​​mentioned in the above embodiments are for illustrative purposes only. In actual implementation, certain numerical deviations are allowed, but it is necessary to ensure that each stimulus causes an excitable tissue to respond.

[0242] This invention avoids mechanical chest compressions for resuscitation. Instead, it stimulates the chest muscle groups, causing them to contract forcefully, thus achieving the effect of chest compressions and resuscitating cardiac arrest. Therefore, the device is purely electronic, and once connected to the body, no physical contact with the patient is required. The device automatically performs resuscitation procedures, making it simple and easy to operate. Furthermore, this invention incorporates a ventricular fibrillation induction pulse, rapidly inducing ventricular fibrillation in cardiac arrest patients, followed by immediate AED defibrillation. This shortens emergency response time and increases the success rate of resuscitation.

[0243] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any form or substance. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and additions without departing from the method of the present invention, and these improvements and additions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, alterations, and equivalent changes made by those skilled in the art based on the above-disclosed technical content without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are equivalent embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, any modifications, alterations, and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cardiac arrest resuscitation device, characterized in that, include: A first current output module, wherein the first output terminal of the first current output module is connected to the output electrode module; The second current output module has its first output terminal connected to the output electrode module, and its second output terminal connected to the second output terminal of the first current output module. The pulse switching control module is connected to the first current output module, the second current output module and the output electrode module respectively. The pulse switching control module controls the magnitude and phase of the current delivered to the output electrode module by the first current output module and the second current output module based on the input control signal and the output feedback signal, so as to control the output electrode module to switch between cardiopulmonary resuscitation pulse, ventricular fibrillation induction pulse or cardiac defibrillation pulse. The output electrode module is used to contact the patient; When cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is required, the pulse switching control module controls the first current output module to output current to the output electrode module, and controls the current waveform output by the output electrode module to be a single-phase wave, so as to output the CPR pulse. When a ventricular fibrillation induction operation is required, the pulse switching control module controls the first current output module and the second current output module to jointly output current to the output electrode module, and controls the current waveform output by the output electrode module to be a monophasic wave, so as to output the ventricular fibrillation induction pulse; When a defibrillation operation is required, the pulse switching control module controls the first current output module and the second current output module to jointly output current to the output electrode module, and controls the current waveform output by the output electrode module to be a biphasic wave, so as to output the defibrillation pulse. The first current output module includes: a first current drive unit (U1), a first controllable switch (S1), a second controllable switch (S2), a first transformer (T1), a first capacitor (C1), a second capacitor (C2), a third capacitor (C3), a first diode (D1), and a second diode (D2); The first input terminal of the first current drive unit (U1) is connected to the first output terminal of the pulse switching control module, and the second input terminal of the first current drive unit (U1) is connected to the second output terminal of the pulse switching control module. The power supply terminal, the first enable terminal and the second enable terminal of the first current drive unit (U1) are connected to the first voltage source (V1), and the ground terminal (GND) of the first current drive unit (U1) is grounded. The control terminal of the first controllable switch (S1) is connected to the first output terminal of the first current drive unit (U1). The first terminal of the first controllable switch (S1) is connected to the same terminal of the second voltage source (V2) and the primary winding of the first transformer (T1). The second terminal of the first controllable switch (S1) is grounded. The control terminal of the second controllable switch (S2) is connected to the second output terminal of the first current drive unit (U1). The first terminal of the second controllable switch (S2) is connected to the opposite terminal of the primary winding of the first transformer (T1) and the first terminal of the first capacitor (C1). The second terminal of the first controllable switch (S1) and the second terminal of the first capacitor (C1) are grounded. The center tap of the primary winding of the first transformer (T1) is connected to the first terminal of the second voltage source (V2) and the first capacitor (C1); The cathode of the first diode (D1) and the first terminal of the second capacitor (C2) together constitute the second output terminal of the first current output module, and the second output terminal of the first current output module is also connected to the third voltage source (V3). The anode of the first diode (D1) is connected to the cathode of the second diode (D2), and one end of the connection between the anode of the first diode (D1) and the cathode of the second diode (D2) is connected to the opposite terminal of the secondary winding of the first transformer (T1); the second terminal of the second capacitor (C2) is connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor (C3), and one end of the connection between the second terminal of the second capacitor (C2) and the first terminal of the third capacitor (C3) is connected to the same terminal of the secondary winding of the first transformer (T1); The anode of the second diode (D2) and the second terminal of the third capacitor (C3) together form the first output terminal of the first current output module, and the first output terminal of the first current output module is also connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor (C1). The second current output module includes: a second current drive unit (U2), a third controllable switch (S3), a fourth controllable switch (S4), a second transformer (T2), a fourth capacitor (C4), a fifth capacitor (C5), a sixth capacitor (C6), a third diode (D3), and a fourth diode (D4); the input control signal includes a first control signal (CS1); The first input terminal of the second current drive unit (U2) is connected to the first output terminal of the pulse switching control module, and the second input terminal of the second current drive unit (U2) is connected to the second output terminal of the pulse switching control module. The power supply terminal of the second current drive unit (U2) is connected to the first voltage source (V1), the first enable terminal and the second enable terminal of the second current drive unit (U2) are connected to the first control signal (CS1), and the ground terminal (GND) of the second current drive unit (U2) is grounded. The control terminal of the third controllable switch (S3) is connected to the first output terminal of the second current drive unit (U2). The first terminal of the third controllable switch (S3) is connected to the same terminal of the primary winding of the second voltage source and the second transformer (T2). The second terminal of the third controllable switch (S3) is grounded. The control terminal of the fourth controllable switch (S4) is connected to the second output terminal of the second current drive unit (U2). The first terminal of the fourth controllable switch (S4) is connected to the opposite terminal of the primary winding of the second transformer (T2) and the first terminal of the fourth capacitor (C4). The second terminal of the third controllable switch (S3) and the second terminal of the fourth capacitor (C4) are grounded. The center tap of the primary winding of the second transformer (T2) is connected to the first terminal of the second voltage source and the fourth capacitor (C4), respectively. The cathode of the third diode (D3) and the first terminal of the fifth capacitor (C5) together constitute the first output terminal of the second current output module, and the first output terminal of the second current output module is also connected to the fourth voltage source (V4). The anode of the third diode (D3) is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode (D4), and one end of the connection between the anode of the third diode (D3) and the cathode of the fourth diode (D4) is connected to the opposite terminal of the secondary winding of the second transformer (T2); the second terminal of the fifth capacitor (C5) is connected to the first terminal of the sixth capacitor (C6), and one end of the connection between the second terminal of the fifth capacitor (C5) and the first terminal of the sixth capacitor (C6) is connected to the same terminal of the secondary winding of the second transformer (T2); The anode of the fourth diode (D4) and the second terminal of the sixth capacitor (C6) together constitute the second output terminal of the second current output module; The pulse switching control module includes: The single-wave / dual-wave switching unit connects the first output terminal of the first current output module and the first output terminal of the second current output module to the output electrode module. The single-wave / dual-wave switching unit controls the output electrode module to release single-phase and dual-phase pulses. The output feedback signal includes a first feedback signal collected from the first output terminal of the first current output module and the first output terminal of the second current output module, and a second feedback signal collected from the output electrode module. The pulse width and period control unit controls the pulse width and period of the output current of the first current output module and the second current output module based on the first feedback signal, the second feedback signal and the input control signal, so as to control the magnitude of the current supplied to the output electrode module.

2. The cardiac arrest resuscitation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulse width cycle control unit includes a pulse modulation subunit, a constant voltage and constant current switching subunit, a first feedback signal acquisition subunit, and a second feedback signal acquisition subunit. The input control signal includes a ventricular fibrillation drive signal. The power supply terminal of the pulse modulation subunit is connected to the first voltage source (V1). The first input terminal of the pulse modulation subunit is used to receive the ventricular fibrillation drive signal; The first input terminal of the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit receives the first feedback signal through the first feedback signal acquisition subunit, and the second input terminal of the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit receives the second feedback signal through the second feedback signal acquisition subunit; the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit outputs a constant voltage and constant current switching signal based on the first feedback signal and the second feedback signal, and the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit transmits the constant voltage and constant current switching signal to the feedback signal receiving terminal of the pulse modulation subunit through the output terminal of the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit; The timing resistor connection terminal of the pulse modulation subunit is grounded through the oscillation timing resistor (RT), the timing capacitor connection terminal of the pulse modulation subunit is grounded through the oscillation timing capacitor (CT), and the grounding terminal of the pulse modulation subunit is grounded. The first output terminal of the pulse modulation subunit constitutes the first output terminal of the pulse switching control module, and the second output terminal of the pulse modulation subunit constitutes the second output terminal of the pulse switching control module.

3. The cardiac arrest resuscitation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The constant voltage and constant current switching subunit includes a fifth diode (D5) and a sixth diode (D6). The anode of the fifth diode (D5) forms the first input terminal of the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit, the anode of the sixth diode (D6) forms the second input terminal of the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit, and the cathodes of the fifth diode (D5) and the sixth diode (D6) together form the output terminal of the constant voltage and constant current switching subunit.

4. The cardiac arrest resuscitation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first feedback signal acquisition subunit includes a first resistor (R1) and a second resistor (R2). The first end of the first resistor (R1) is connected to the first output terminal of the second current output module, the second end of the first resistor (R1) is connected to the first end of the second resistor (R2), and the second end of the second resistor (R2) is connected to the first output terminal of the first current output module. One end is led out from the connection between the second end of the first resistor (R1) and the first end of the second resistor (R2) to form the output terminal of the first feedback signal acquisition subunit, and the first feedback signal is output.

5. The cardiac arrest resuscitation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first feedback signal acquisition subunit includes a third resistor (R3), a fourth resistor (R4), a fifth resistor (R5), a sixth resistor (R6), a seventh resistor (R7), an amplifier (U4), a seventh controllable switch (S7), an eighth controllable switch (S8), a ninth controllable switch (S9), and a tenth controllable switch (S10). One end of the circuit leading from the connection between the second end of the seventh controllable switch (S7) and the second end of the eighth controllable switch (S8) is connected to the first output end of the first current output module through the third resistor (R3); One end is led out from the connection point between the second end of the seventh controllable switch (S7) and the second end of the eighth controllable switch (S8) and connected to the non-inverting input of the amplifier (U4); The inverting input of the amplifier (U4) is connected to the first terminal of the fourth resistor (R4) and the first terminal of the fifth resistor (R5), respectively. The second terminal of the fourth resistor (R4) is connected to the output terminal of the amplifier (U4); The second terminal of the fifth resistor (R5) is connected to the first terminal of the ninth controllable switch (S9), the first terminal of the sixth resistor (R6), the first terminal of the tenth controllable switch (S10), and the first terminal of the seventh resistor (R7); the second terminal of the ninth controllable switch (S9), the second terminal of the sixth resistor (R6), the second terminal of the tenth controllable switch (S10), and the second terminal of the seventh resistor (R7) are grounded. The control terminal of the ninth controllable switch (S9) is connected to the first defibrillation current control signal (CS2), and the control terminal of the tenth controllable switch (S10) is connected to the second defibrillation current control signal (CS3). The output terminal of the amplifier (U4) constitutes the output terminal of the first feedback signal acquisition subunit, so as to output the second feedback signal.

6. The cardiac arrest resuscitation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pulse modulation subunit includes an error amplifier, an eighth resistor (R8), a ninth resistor (R9), and a seventh capacitor (C7). The first end of the eighth resistor (R8) constitutes the feedback signal receiving end of the pulse modulation subunit; The second terminal of the eighth resistor (R8) is connected to the first terminal of the ninth resistor (R9), the first terminal of the seventh capacitor (C7), and the inverting input terminal of the error amplifier, respectively. The second terminal of the ninth resistor (R9) and the second terminal of the seventh capacitor (C7) are both connected to the output terminal of the error amplifier; The non-inverting input of the error amplifier is connected to a reference voltage.

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