Intertrochanteric fracture intramedullary fixation device

Abstract

The application discloses an intertrochanteric fracture extramedullary fixing structure. It comprises a screw, a strong oblique nail and a steel plate; the steel plate is fixed on the lateral wall of the intertrochanteric fracture; the screw and the strong oblique nail are both fixed on the femur; the screw, the steel plate and the strong oblique nail are located in different planes and form a triangular structure in space; the screw comprises a proximal screw and a distal screw; the proximal screw is fixed on the proximal end of the femur and is arranged in an inclined manner with the steel plate; the distal screw is fixed on the distal end of the femur and is arranged in a perpendicular manner with the steel plate; the strong oblique nail is arranged in an inclined manner with the steel plate. The application overcomes the shortcomings of the conventional steel plate external fixation, i.e. a plurality of screws need to be punched on the femoral neck to fix the fracture and the fixing structure is unstable; the screw, the steel plate and the strong oblique nail form a triangular structure in space, the structure is stable and the number of screws required at the femoral neck is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to an intertrochanteric fracture extramedullary fixation structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] Due to the osteoporosis of the elderly, comminuted fractures of the lateral wall are prone to occur after trauma. At this time, in addition to the intramedullary nail, a steel plate or a wire cerclage can be used for fixation. When the lateral wall of the proximal femur is severely damaged, an extramedullary fixation operation is required as a supplement to intramedullary fixation.

[0003] If the lateral wall of the proximal femur is too comminuted, a steel plate external fixation is used in addition to a wire cerclage. At this time, if an intramedullary nail is used for fixation, the blade of the intramedullary nail is prone to be unstable because it loses the support of the bone mass of the lateral wall.

[0004] Conventional steel plate external fixation requires several screws to be drilled into the femoral neck to fix the fracture, and the fixation structure is unstable. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide an intertrochanteric fracture extramedullary fixation structure that reduces the number of screws required in the femoral neck, and the screws, steel plate, and strong oblique nails form a triangular structure in space, which is stable in structure, and the screws and strong oblique nails are not in the same plane, so as to prevent the fracture end from loosening or rotating due to muscle contraction or movement after surgery.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows: an intertrochanteric fracture extramedullary fixation structure, characterized in that it comprises screws, strong oblique nails, and a steel plate; the steel plate is fixed to the lateral wall of the intertrochanteric fracture; the screws and strong oblique nails are both fixed to the femur; the screws, steel plate, and strong oblique nails are all located in different planes and form a triangular structure in space.

[0007] The screws comprise proximal screws and distal screws;

[0008] The proximal screws are fixed to the proximal end of the femur and are inclined to the steel plate;

[0009] The distal screws are fixed to the distal end of the femur and are perpendicular to the steel plate;

[0010] The strong oblique nails are inclined to the steel plate.

[0011] In the above technical scheme, the proximal screws comprise first proximal screws and second proximal screws; the first proximal screws are parallel to the second proximal screws and are inclined to the steel plate;

[0012] The first proximal screws are located above the second proximal screws;

[0013] The strong oblique nail is located below the second proximal screw and in the middle of the steel plate at one end, and is located between the first proximal screw and the second proximal screw at the other end.

[0014] In the technical solution, the distal screws include a first distal screw, a second distal screw, a third distal screw and a fourth distal screw;

[0015] The first distal screw, the second distal screw, the third distal screw and the fourth distal screw are arranged in parallel and at intervals, and are arranged perpendicularly to the steel plate.

[0016] In the technical solution, the included angle between the strong oblique nail and the steel plate is 140°, and the included angle between the strong oblique nail and the first proximal screw is 5°.

[0017] The included angle between the first proximal screw and the steel plate is 120°.

[0018] The present application has the following advantages:

[0019] (1) The F technology is used, and the strong oblique nail is fixed at a low angle, which theoretically makes the force arm shorter than that of the ordinary extramedullary fixation method; the present application uses the F technology combined with the extramedullary steel plate fixation of the intertrochanteric fracture (i.e., the F technology fixation technology), which aims to increase the internal fixation strength of the femoral neck fracture by one oblique screw (parallel to the pressure trabeculae of the femoral shaft);

[0020] (2) The strong oblique nail in the present application has two places of bone cortex fixation, the first being the proximal femoral cortex, and the second being the femoral shaft; because the proximal femoral cortex, the closer to the central cortex, the thicker, the more stable the fixation, therefore, the strong oblique nail in the present application is fixed stably;

[0021] (3) The proximal femur in the present application has two screws (a third screw can also be placed according to the actual situation), and the two proximal screws are parallel to each other and form an included angle with the strong oblique nail, which is about 5°; the strong oblique nail is about 140° to the vertical direction, and the two proximal screws are about 120°; the screw and the strong oblique nail are not in the same plane, so as to prevent the fracture end from loosening, rotating and other situations after operation due to muscle contraction or activity;

[0022] (4) The screw, the steel plate and the strong oblique nail in the present application form a triangular structure in space, which reconstructs the mechanical structure of the three edges of the proximal femur; from the mechanical theory point of view, the reconstruction of the three edge structure of the proximal femur is relatively stable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a rear view of the present application.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a rear side view of the present application.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a top view of the present application.

[0026] Fig. 1 - screw, 1.1 - proximal screw, 1.11 - first proximal screw, 1.12 - second proximal screw, 1.2 - distal screw, 1.21 - first distal screw, 1.22 - second distal screw, 1.23 - third distal screw, 1.24 - fourth distal screw, 2 - strong oblique nail, 3 - steel plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, but they do not constitute limitations on the present application, and are only examples. At the same time, the advantages of the present application are made more clear and easy to understand through the description.

[0028] Referring to the drawings, an intertrochanteric fracture extramedullary fixation structure includes a screw 1, a strong oblique nail 2 and a steel plate 3; the steel plate 3 is fixed on the lateral wall of the intertrochanteric fracture; the screw 1 and the strong oblique nail 2 are both fixed on the femur; the screw 1, the steel plate 3 and the strong oblique nail 2 are located in different planes and form a triangular structure in space;

[0029] The screw 1 includes a proximal screw 1.1 and a distal screw 1.2;

[0030] The proximal screw 1.1 is fixed on the proximal end of the femur and is arranged obliquely with the steel plate 3;

[0031] The distal screw 1.2 is fixed on the distal end of the femur and is arranged vertically with the steel plate 3;

[0032] The strong oblique nail 2 is arranged obliquely with the steel plate 3 (as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 ).

[0033] Further, the proximal screw 1.1 includes a first proximal screw 1.11 and a second proximal screw 1.12; the first proximal screw 1.11 and the second proximal screw 1.12 are arranged in parallel and obliquely with the steel plate 3; the first proximal screw 1.11 and the second proximal screw 1.12 are arranged in parallel and form an F shape with the steel plate (as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 ), which is an F technology screw placement method (the F technology screw placement is based on the double support point fixation principle, the support point one is the lower oblique screw located at the lower trochanter support point, and the support point two is the upper two parallel screws located at the metaphyseal end support point, through the cross support of the screws, the double plane stable fracture end is provided).

[0034] The long oblique nail in the present application is more stable than the ordinary screw; the long oblique nail in the present application adopts low-angle needle insertion, the force arm is short, and the internal fixation fracture caused by lever action will not occur; the long oblique nail (i.e. the strong oblique nail) in the present application adopts double cortical fixation, the first cortical fixation method is the lateral cortical fixation of the femur, and the second cortical fixation method is the femoral shaft fixation.

[0035] The first proximal screw 1.11 is located above the second proximal screw 1.12;

[0036] The strong oblique nail 2 is located below the second proximal screw 1.12 and in the middle of the steel plate 3 at one end, and is located between the first proximal screw 1.11 and the second proximal screw 1.12 at the other end (as shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 indicated); it is ensured that the strong oblique nail is located in the middle of the end of the steel plate, between the two proximal screws, and fully utilizes the space in the femoral head.

[0037] Further, the distal screw 1.2 includes a first distal screw 1.21, a second distal screw 1.22, a third distal screw 1.23, and a fourth distal screw 1.24; four distal screws parallel and perpendicular to the steel plate are arranged to ensure that the distal end of the steel plate is fully fixed.

[0038] The first distal screw 1.21 is arranged in parallel and spaced apart with the second distal screw 1.22, the third distal screw 1.23, and the fourth distal screw 1.24, and is arranged perpendicular to the steel plate 3.

[0039] Further, the angle between the strong oblique nail 2 and the steel plate 3 is 140°; the angle between the strong oblique nail 2 and the first proximal screw 1.11 is 5°;

[0040] The angle between the first proximal screw 1.11 and the steel plate 3 is 120°; the angle between the strong oblique nail and the steel plate 3 is larger (as shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 indicated), which is lower in the femoral nail position, maximally fixed in the thicker cortical bone of the middle segment of the femur, and enhances stability.

[0041] Embodiment

[0042] In this embodiment, the extramedullary fixation structure for intertrochanteric fracture includes a screw 1, a strong oblique nail 2, and a steel plate 3; the steel plate 3 is about 184 cm long and about 2.5 mm thick; the strong oblique nail 2 is about 146 mm long, the first proximal screw 1.11 is about 94 mm long, and the second proximal screw 1.12 is about 102 mm long; the first distal screw 1.21, the second distal screw 1.22, the third distal screw 1.23, and the fourth distal screw 1.24 are equal in length, about 40 mm.

[0043] The first proximal screw 1.11 is parallel to the second proximal screw 1.12 and has an angle of 5° with the strong oblique nail;

[0044] The strong beveled screw 2 forms an angle of approximately 140° with the vertical direction, and the first proximal screw 1.11 and the second proximal screw 1.12 form an angle of approximately 120° with the vertical direction. The diameters of the strong beveled screw 2, the first proximal screw 1.11, and the second proximal screw 1.12 are all approximately 7.3 mm, and the diameters of the first distal screw 1.21, the second distal screw 1.22, the third distal screw 1.23, and the fourth distal screw 1.24 are all approximately 5 mm.

[0045] Conclusion: This embodiment serves as a supplement to intramedullary fixation when the lateral wall of an intertrochanteric fracture is severely damaged. The screws, plates, and strong oblique nails form a relatively stable triangular structure in space. The screws and strong oblique nails are not on the same plane to prevent loosening or rotation of the fracture ends postoperatively due to muscle contraction or movement (e.g., Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 (As shown).

[0046] All other unspecified parts belong to the prior art.

Claims

1. An extramedullary fixation structure for intertrochanteric fractures, characterized in that: It includes screws (1), strong oblique nails (2) and steel plates (3); the steel plates (3) are fixed to the lateral wall of the intertrochanteric fracture; the screws (1) and strong oblique nails (2) are both fixed to the femur; the screws (1), steel plates (3) and strong oblique nails (2) are all located in different planes and form a triangular structure in space; Screws (1) include proximal screws (1.1) and distal screws (1.2); The proximal screw (1.1) is fixed to the proximal femur and is inclined to the plate (3); The distal screw (1.2) is fixed to the distal femur and is set perpendicular to the plate (3); The strong oblique nail (2) is set at an angle to the steel plate (3); The strong oblique nail (2) has two cortical fixation points: the first is the proximal femoral cortex, and the second is the femoral truncated cone. The proximal screw (1.1) includes a first proximal screw (1.11) and a second proximal screw (1.12); the first proximal screw (1.11) and the second proximal screw (1.12) are arranged in parallel and are inclined to the steel plate (3); The first proximal screw (1.11) is located above the second proximal screw (1.12); One end of the strong angled nail (2) is located below the second proximal screw (1.12) and in the middle of the steel plate (3), and the other end is located between the first proximal screw (1.11) and the second proximal screw (1.12); The angle between the strong oblique nail (2) and the steel plate (3) is 140°; the angle between the strong oblique nail (2) and the first proximal screw (1.11) is 5°; The angle between the first proximal screw (1.11) and the steel plate (3) is 120°.

2. The extramedullary fixation structure for intertrochanteric fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distal screw (1.2) includes a first distal screw (1.21), a second distal screw (1.22), a third distal screw (1.23), and a fourth distal screw (1.24); The first distal screw (1.21), the second distal screw (1.22), the third distal screw (1.23), and the fourth distal screw (1.24) are arranged in parallel intervals and are all perpendicular to the steel plate (3).

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