Plate heat exchanger

Abstract

A plate heat exchanger includes a top head (2), a bottom head (3), four side panels (11, 12, 13, 14), and four corner beams (21, 22, 23, 24). The side panels (11, 12, 13, 14) and corner beams (21, 22, 23, 24) extend longitudinally (4) from the bottom head (3) to the top head (2), and each side panel (11, 12, 13, 14) is associated with two corner beams (21, 22, 23, 24). The top head (2), bottom head (3), four side panels (11, 12, 13, 14), and four corner beams (21, 22, 23, 24) are connected together to form a sealed enclosure for accommodating a plate assembly (5) of stacked heat exchange plates (27). A series of gasket assemblies (6, 7, 8, 9) are arranged in the contact area between at least one side panel (11, 12, 13, 14) and two corner beams (21, 22, 23, 24), a top head (2), and a bottom head (3). The gasket assemblies (6, 7, 8, 9) are located in a groove (46). Furthermore, the gasket assemblies (6, 7, 8, 9) are segmented gasket assemblies (6, 7, 8, 9) composed of multiple gasket segments, each made of graphite material. This disclosure also relates to a method for assembling such plate heat exchangers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a plate heat exchanger including a head, a bottom head, four side panels, and four girder beams, wherein the side panels and girder beams extend longitudinally from the bottom head to the top head, wherein each side panel is associated with two girder beams, and wherein the top head, bottom head, four side panels, and four girder beams are connected together to form a hermetically sealed enclosure for accommodating a stacked assembly of heat exchange plates. This disclosure further relates to a method for assembling such a plate heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, several different types of plate heat exchangers exist, and their application varies depending on their type. One type of plate heat exchanger is assembled by connecting a top head, a bottom head, and four side panels to a set of corner beams to form a box-like enclosure around which heat transfer or heat exchange plates are stacked. This type of plate heat exchanger is called a block heat exchanger. An example of a commercially available block heat exchanger is the one offered by Alfa Laval under the product name Compabloc.

[0003] In a block-type plate heat exchanger, fluid paths for two heat exchange fluids are formed between heat transfer plates in a heat transfer plate stack to transfer heat between the two heat exchange fluids.

[0004] Block heat exchangers are typically used in applications where the heat exchange fluid or one of the heat exchange fluids is supplied at high pressures (such as up to 40 bar). Furthermore, block heat exchangers are often used where a relatively large heat exchanger is desired. For example, the side panels of a typical block heat exchanger can be several meters high and several meters wide. Combined with size, high pressure requires a high-strength box-shaped enclosure to withstand the forces emanating from the pressure of the heat transfer fluid. Similarly, for smaller block heat exchangers, a high-strength box-shaped enclosure is typically required. The box-shaped enclosure of a block heat exchanger (i.e., the portion forming the enclosure) is usually made of metal (such as steel).

[0005] A particular problem with existing block heat exchangers is achieving a reliable and cost-effective sealing arrangement between the side panels and the associated corner beams, top head, and bottom head. One solution known from WO 2012 / 041287 involves placing gaskets in the contact areas between each side panel and the associated corner beam, top head, and bottom head. However, despite these activities in this field, there is still a need for a further improved heat exchanger that provides an improved, more reliable, and cost-effective sealing arrangement. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The objective of this disclosure is to provide a plate heat exchanger in which the previously mentioned problems are avoided. This objective is achieved, at least in part, by the features of the independent claims.

[0007] In particular, according to a first aspect of this disclosure, a plate heat exchanger is provided, including a top head, a bottom head, four side panels, and four corner beams, wherein the side panels and corner beams extend longitudinally from the bottom head to the top head, wherein each side panel is associated with two corner beams, wherein the top head, bottom head, four side panels, and four corner beams are connected together to form a sealed enclosure for accommodating a stacked heat exchange plate assembly, wherein a continuous gasket assembly is arranged in a contact area between at least one side panel and two corner beams, the top head, and the bottom head, wherein the gasket assembly is located in a groove, wherein the gasket assembly is a segmented gasket assembly consisting of a plurality of gasket segments, and wherein each gasket segment is made of graphite material.

[0008] Furthermore, according to a second aspect of this disclosure, a method for assembling a plate heat exchanger is provided. The method includes providing a plate assembly comprising a top head, a bottom head, four side panels, four corner beams, and stacked heat exchange plates. The method further includes assembling the corner beams, bottom head, top head, and plate assembly into a subunit. Additionally, the method includes mounting a continuous gasket assembly in a slot arranged in a predetermined contact area between at least one side panel and two corner beams, the top head, and the bottom head, wherein the gasket assembly is a segmented gasket assembly consisting of multiple gasket segments, and wherein each gasket segment is made of graphite material. The method then involves connecting at least one side panel to the two corner beams, the top head, and the bottom head to form a sealing shell accommodating the plate assembly.

[0009] By placing the gasket assembly in a groove and using a segmented gasket assembly, it becomes possible to use graphite as a sealing material for the gasket assembly. Graphite gaskets possess many advantageous properties beneficial to sealing implementation in heat exchangers. For example, graphite is compressible and resilient. This means that gasket assemblies made of graphite material can be initially compressed during heat exchanger assembly, resulting in high sealing performance, which is maintained over a wide range of temperatures and pressures, despite significant changes in the dimensions of the heat exchanger's metal housing. Furthermore, graphite is highly temperature resistant and very little affected by aging (while also being resistant to most chemicals).

[0010] Furthermore, by making the gasket assembly from multiple gasket segments, a continuous, relatively large, and intact gasket assembly can be provided, thereby overcoming the sometimes difficult handling caused by the relatively brittle and easily broken nature of large and thick graphite gaskets in this form. Additionally, the groove simplifies the installation of the gasket assembly, as the groove generally provides a certain retaining effect on the gasket segments installed within it.

[0011] As a result, this disclosure provides a solution for using graphite as a sealing material in heat exchangers, such as in the petrochemical industry, which allows for a highly reliable and durable sealing solution. Therefore, it extends the maintenance intervals of the heat exchanger and provides more reliable overall operation of the heat exchanger, i.e., reducing the risk of leaks and / or unexpected shutdowns during operation.

[0012] Additional advantages can be achieved by implementing one or more features of the dependent claims.

[0013] In some exemplary embodiments, at least one side panel is pressed against the two corner beams, the top head, and the bottom head along the pressing direction by means of threaded components, wherein the height dimension of the gasket assembly in the relaxed state along the pressing direction is greater than the total depth dimension of the groove along the pressing direction, particularly by 5-50% and more particularly by 15-35%. As a result, the gasket assembly will become compressed along the pressing direction, and since the groove can be configured to have a shape matching the shape of the gasket assembly, the compression will primarily result in high contact force between the gasket assembly and the pressing components associated with the side panel, thereby achieving high elastic sealing characteristics and high sealing performance.

[0014] In some exemplary embodiments, when at least one side panel is mounted and pressed against the two corner beams, the top head, and the bottom head, the gasket assembly is in a compressed state, and the abutment surface associated with at least one side panel has metal-to-metal contact with the corresponding abutment surfaces associated with the two corner beams, the top head, and the bottom head to provide protection against over-tightening of the gasket assembly.

[0015] In some exemplary embodiments, the groove is arranged in or associated with one or more of the following portions: at least one side panel, a side panel bushing attached to at least one side panel, two corner beams, beam bushings for the two corner beams, a top head, a bottom head, a top plate of the plate assembly, or a bottom plate of the plate assembly. Having a groove in any of these portions provides the desired high sealing capability of the gasket assembly.

[0016] In some exemplary embodiments, the groove is arranged in a side panel bushing attached to at least one side panel. This provides a groove that is rigid, molded, and continuous for maintaining the rigidity of the gasket assembly, allowing for high sealing performance.

[0017] In some exemplary embodiments, the side panel bushing has a thickness of at least 6 mm, and particularly at least 8 mm. Alternatively, the side panel bushing may have a thickness in the range of 6-20 mm, and particularly 8-15 mm. Thus, a relatively deep groove may be formed in the side panel bushing to accommodate a relatively thick and therefore relatively elastic gasket assembly in a compressed state.

[0018] In some exemplary embodiments, the groove is associated with the beam bushings of the two corner beams, the top plate of the plate assembly, and the bottom plate of the plate assembly. In other words, the groove may be disposed within a frame attached to the beam bushings, top plate, and bottom plate, or the groove may be integrally formed within a portion of the beam bushings, top plate, and bottom plate. Forming the groove within a separate frame attached to the beam bushing allows for a rigid, well-formed, and continuous groove for retaining the gasket assembly, resulting in high sealing performance. However, integrally forming the groove within a portion of the beam bushings, top plate, and bottom plate allows for a simpler manufacturing process for the plate assembly having the groove.

[0019] In some exemplary embodiments, the groove is arranged in a rectangular frame or flange that is welded, soldered, or otherwise permanently attached to a side panel bushing or to at least a beam bushing of two corner beams. The separate rectangular frame allows for a robust and rigid structure surrounding the groove, enabling a smooth and continuous groove for high sealing capability.

[0020] In some exemplary embodiments, the gasket assembly in the relaxed state has a generally rectangular cross-section having a height dimension along the intended compression direction of the gasket assembly and a width dimension perpendicular to the intended compression direction, wherein the height / width ratio of the cross-section of the gasket assembly in the relaxed state is in the range of 0.75-1.75, particularly 1.0-1.5, and more particularly 1.1-1.4. These ranges are considered to provide a gasket assembly with relatively good elastic properties in the compressed state.

[0021] In some exemplary embodiments, the groove, in a mounted and metal-to-metal contact state with at least one sidewall, has a generally rectangular transverse cross-section having a depth dimension along the intended compression direction of the gasket assembly and a width dimension perpendicular to the intended compression direction, wherein the depth / width ratio of the transverse cross-section of the groove is in the range of 0.6-1.4, particularly 0.75-1.25, and more particularly 0.9-1.1. These ranges are considered to provide a groove for a gasket assembly that can be accommodated in a compressed state of the gasket assembly and has relatively good elastic properties.

[0022] In some exemplary embodiments, the ratio between the width of the slot and the width of the gasket assembly in the relaxed state is in the range of 1.0-1.2, particularly in the range of 1.0-1.1, and more particularly in the range of 1.0-1.05. Thus, the gasket assembly can be inserted into the slot without requiring deformation or compression of the gasket assembly.

[0023] Furthermore, in some exemplary embodiments, the ratio between the height dimension of the gasket assembly and the depth dimension of the groove in the relaxed state is in the range of 1.05-1.75, particularly in the range of 1.1-1.5, and even more particularly in the range of 1.2-1.3. Thus, when the side panel is installed, the gasket assembly can undergo a certain level of compression in its height dimension, thereby achieving good sealing performance.

[0024] Furthermore, the ratio between the width of the groove and the width of the gasket assembly in the relaxed state is in the range of 1.0-1.2, particularly in the range of 1.0-1.1, and more particularly in the range of 1.0-1.05, and the ratio between the height of the gasket assembly in the relaxed state and the depth of the groove is in the range of 1.05-1.75, particularly in the range of 1.1-1.5, and more particularly in the range of 1.2-1.3. Thus, the size and dimensions of the groove can be matched to the size and dimensions of the gasket assembly along the width direction, so that the gasket assembly does not deform significantly to the sides when compressed along the compression direction. As a result, the desired elastic properties (i.e., resilience) obtained in the compressed state of the gasket assembly come from the compression of the confined graphite gasket assembly in a groove of appropriate size.

[0025] In some exemplary embodiments, the gasket assembly in the relaxed state has a generally rectangular cross-section, having a height dimension along the intended compression direction of the gasket assembly and a width dimension perpendicular to the intended compression direction. The height dimension of the gasket assembly in the relaxed state is in the range of 5-25 mm, particularly 6-17 mm, and more particularly 8-12 mm, and the width dimension is in the range of 4-20 mm, particularly 5-15 mm, and more particularly 6-10 mm. Therefore, the cross-sectional shape of the gasket assembly can be generally square to allow for good elastic properties of the gasket assembly in the compressed state.

[0026] In some exemplary embodiments, each gasket segment has a connecting section at each of its longitudinal end regions, wherein the connecting sections of adjacent gasket segments are arranged in an overlapping relationship, as seen along the intended compression direction of the gasket assembly. This overlapping relationship provides improved sealing performance.

[0027] In some exemplary embodiments, the multiple gasket segments comprising the segmented gasket assembly include four identical corner gasket segments and one or more straight gasket segments interconnecting the corner gasket segments. The modular gasket structure allows for cost-effective gasket assemblies in terms of manufacturing and servicing.

[0028] In some exemplary embodiments, the gasket assembly has a rectangular shape and a length of 0.5-5 meters along the longitudinal direction of the plate heat exchanger and a length of 0.3-2 meters along a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.

[0029] In some exemplary embodiments, each gasket segment has a carbon content of at least 93%, particularly at least 95%, and more particularly at least 97%. This results in a gasket assembly with excellent heat and chemical resistance, low aging behavior, and elastic recovery under compression.

[0030] In some exemplary embodiments, each gasket segment is made of multiple stacked layers of graphite material, wherein these layers are oriented substantially parallel to the intended compression direction of the gasket assembly. This results in a gasket assembly with good elastic properties.

[0031] Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent when examined in light of the appended claims and the following description. Those skilled in the art will recognize that different features of this disclosure may be combined to produce embodiments other than those expressly described above and below, without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which...

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic 3D view of the assembled block heat exchanger is shown.

[0034] Figure 2 Showing with Figure 1 An exploded view of a heat exchanger similar to that of...

[0035] Figures 3a-3b The alternative designs for the top and bottom plates are shown.

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic 3D view of the plate assembly assembled with the beam bushing, top plate, and bottom plate is shown.

[0037] Figure 5 Show Figure 4 A portion of the magnification,

[0038] Figure 6 Show Figure 5 A further enlargement of a portion,

[0039] Figure 7 A 3D view of the end region of the heat exchanger is shown.

[0040] Figure 8 Show Figure 7 A portion of the magnification,

[0041] Figure 9 A 3D view showing the cross-section of the heat exchanger.

[0042] Figure 10 Show Figure 9 A portion of the magnification,

[0043] Figure 11-14 Various exemplary embodiments of the corner beam connection are shown.

[0044] Figure 15 A cross-sectional view showing the connection between the side panel and the top panel according to another exemplary embodiment is shown.

[0045] Figure 16 Showing according to Figure 15 A cross-sectional view of the connection between the side panel and the corner beam in an exemplary embodiment.

[0046] Figure 17-20 Various exemplary embodiments of the corner beam connection are shown.

[0047] Figure 21 An exemplary embodiment of the side panel bushing is shown.

[0048] Figure 22 Show Figure 21 A portion of the magnification,

[0049] Figure 23 An exemplary embodiment of the gasket assembly in an assembled state is shown.

[0050] Figure 24 An exemplary embodiment of the gasket assembly in the disassembled state is shown.

[0051] Figure 25 Details of an exemplary embodiment of the gasket assembly are shown.

[0052] Figure 26 Showing the straight pad segment,

[0053] Figure 27 The joint between the two gasket segments is shown.

[0054] Figures 28a-28c Various exemplary embodiments of the joints between gasket segments are shown.

[0055] Figure 29 A cross-sectional view of a layered gasket segment is shown.

[0056] Figures 30a-30c Various exemplary embodiments illustrating the cross-sectional shape of the gasket segment are shown.

[0057] Figures 31a-31c The three process steps of compression, illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a heat exchanger, are shown.

[0058] Figures 32a-32c The following describes three process steps of compression in another exemplary embodiment of a heat exchanger. Detailed Implementation

[0059] Various aspects of this disclosure will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to illustrate and not limit the disclosure, wherein similar names denote similar elements, and variations of the described aspects are not limited to the embodiments particularly shown, but may be applied to other variations of the disclosure.

[0060] First, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This provides an overview of exemplary embodiments of the plate heat exchanger according to this disclosure. Specifically, Figure 1 An exemplary embodiment of the block-type plate heat exchanger 1 in its assembled state is schematically shown, and Figure 2 A similar type of heat exchanger is schematically shown in an exploded view.

[0061] according to Figure 1 and Figure 2 An exemplary embodiment of the plate heat exchanger 1 includes a top head 2, a bottom head 3, four side panels 11, 12, 13, 14, and four corner beams 21, 22, 23, 24. The side panels 11, 12, 13, 14 and the corner beams 21, 22, 23, 24 extend longitudinally from the bottom head 3 to the top head 2. Furthermore, each side panel 11, 12, 13, 14 is associated with two corner beams 21, 22, 23, 24. The top head 2, bottom head 3, four side panels 11, 12, 13, 14, and four corner beams 21, 22, 23, 24 are then connected together to form a sealed enclosure for accommodating a stacked heat exchange plate assembly 5. Additionally, successive gasket assemblies 6, 7, 8, 9 are arranged in the contact area between at least one side panel 11, 12, 13, 14 on one side and two corner beams 21, 22, 23, 24, the top head 2, and the bottom head 3 on the other side. For example, such as Figure 2 As shown in the exemplary embodiment, successive gasket assemblies 6, 7, 8, and 9 may be arranged in the contact area between each side panel 11, 12, 13, and 14 and the two associated corner beams 21, 22, 23, and 24, top head 2, and bottom head 3. However, if the side panels 11, 12, 13, and 14 are welded to the associated corner beams 21, 22, 23, and 24, top head 2, and bottom head 3, then the gasket assemblies 6, 7, 8, and 9 may be omitted for that side panel 11, 12, 13, and 14.

[0062] As will be described in more detail below, the gasket assembly 6-9 is located in the groove. The gasket assembly 6-9 is a segmented gasket assembly composed of multiple gasket segments, and each gasket segment is made of graphite material.

[0063] exist Figure 2 In the exemplary embodiment of the heat exchanger shown, the heat exchanger is a block-type heat exchanger. Figure 2 In the exemplary embodiment of the heat exchanger shown, the heat exchanger is a welded plate heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchange plates are welded to each other.

[0064] exist Figure 2 In the exemplary embodiment of the heat exchanger shown, four beam bushings 31, 32, 33, and 34 are provided, one at each longitudinal corner of the plate assembly 5, and the beam bushings are configured to shield the corner beams 21, 22, 23, and 24 from the plate assembly 5, and particularly from the fluid configured to flow through the plate assembly 5. For example, the fluid configured to flow through the plate assembly 5 may be corrosive, and to avoid manufacturing the entire corner beams 21, 22, 23, and 24 with expensive corrosion-resistant materials, relatively thin beam bushings 31, 32, 33, and 34 made of corrosion-resistant materials can be arranged as layers on the inner side of the corner beams 21-23, i.e., the side facing the fluid flowing through the heat exchanger. Thus, the relatively thick and large corner beams 21-24 can be made of less expensive materials (such as conventional steel).

[0065] Similarly, side panels 11-14 may also be provided with a bushing for the same purpose, i.e., by providing a relatively thin bushing made of a more durable (such as more corrosion resistant) material, and a relatively thick and large side panel made of less expensive conventional steel to reduce costs.

[0066] For example, such as Figure 2 As depicted, four side panel bushings 41, 42, 43, and 44 are provided, one on the inner side of each side panel 11, 12, 13, and 14 (i.e., on the side of each side panel 11-14 facing the interior of the heat exchanger). The depicted side panel bushings 41-44 cover the inner surface area of ​​the side panels 11-14 to shield the side panels 11-14 from the fluid configured to flow through the plate assembly 5. Thus, the relatively thick and large side panels 11-14 can be made of less expensive materials (such as conventional steel).

[0067] Side panel bushings 41-44 can be attached to the inner surface of side panels 11-14 in any suitable manner, such as by welding, bonding, gluing or by means of separate fasteners (such as threaded parts or bolts).

[0068] Similarly, the top head 2 and bottom head 3 can also be fitted with bushings for the same purpose, i.e., by providing relatively thin bushings made of more durable (such as more corrosion-resistant) materials, and relatively thick and large top head 2 and bottom head 3 made of less expensive conventional steel, thus reducing costs. Figure 2 In an exemplary embodiment of the heat exchanger shown, a top plate 25 is disposed between the top head 2 and the top side of the heat exchange plate stack, and a bottom plate 26 is disposed between the bottom head 3 and the bottom side of the heat exchange plate stack. The top plate 25 covers the inner surface area of ​​the top head 2 to shield the top head 2 from the fluid configured to flow through the plate assembly 5. In the same manner, the bottom plate 26 covers the inner surface area of ​​the bottom head 3 to shield the bottom head 3 from the fluid configured to flow through the plate assembly 5. Thus, the relatively thick and large top head 2 and bottom head 3 can be made of less expensive materials (such as conventional steel).

[0069] The support structure 101 can be disposed below the heat exchanger for fixing to the underlying support surface.

[0070] Reference Figure 3a The diagram schematically shows an exemplary top view of a top plate 25 or a bottom plate 26, which may be larger than the stacked heat exchange plates 27 of the heat exchanger and thus have integrally formed panel-like sections 28 extending further outward in the region between adjacent corner beams to provide fluid barriers for shielding the top head 2 and bottom head 3 from the fluid in the heat exchanger. Without such barriers, fluid in the space between the side panels and the stack of plates forming the plate assembly 5 can flow freely upward or downward and contact the top head 2 and bottom head 3.

[0071] Alternative locations, such as Figure 3b As shown, the top plate 25 and bottom plate 26 may have substantially the same shape and size as the heat exchange plate 27 of the plate assembly 5, and each of the top plate 25 and bottom plate 26 is instead provided with a panel-like bushing 29 projecting outward in the region between adjacent corner beams to provide a fluid barrier for shielding the top head 2 and bottom head 3 from the fluid in the heat exchanger. The panel-like bushing 29 may be welded to the top plate 25 and bottom plate 26, respectively. Furthermore, in some exemplary embodiments, the panel-like bushing 29 may instead be directly attached to the end plates of the heat exchange plate stack, thereby completely eliminating the need for the top plate 25 and bottom plate 26.

[0072] For example, beam bushings 31-34, side panels 11-14, top plate 25 and bottom plate 26 and / or panel bushings 29 may be made of stainless steel or titanium to be used for conveying corrosive heat transfer fluids or excessive heat.

[0073] For example, the stacked heat exchange plates 27 may comprise a stack of substantially rectangular heat transfer plates of a metallic material (such as stainless steel). Each heat exchange plate 27 is arranged in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 4 of the heat exchanger 1.

[0074] Adjacent heat exchange plates 27 form fluid passages between them. The stacked heat exchange plates 27 can be fully welded, which means that the stacked heat exchange plates 27 are permanently connected to each other by welding.

[0075] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the heat exchanger includes a first inlet 35 and a first outlet 36, as well as a second inlet 37 and a second outlet 38. The first inlet 35 and the first outlet 36 may be located in the same side panel or in different side panels, and the second inlet 37 and the second outlet 38 may be located in the same side panel or in different side panels, depending on the specific type and construction of the heat exchanger.

[0076] The heat exchanger includes a first flow path F1 for a first fluid and a second flow path F2 for a second fluid passing through the plate heat exchanger 1. Figure 2 In the example, the first flow path F1 extends through the first inlet 35 of the side panel 12, through the associated side panel bushing 42, back and forth through the plate assembly 5 four times, exits through the side panel bushing 42, and finally exits through the first outlet 36 of the side panel 12. A baffle 39, arranged inside the side panels 11-14 and in the space between the plate stack forming the plate assembly 5, guides the first flow path F1 back and forth through the plate assembly 5 from the first inlet 35 to the first outlet 36, as shown. Figure 2 As indicated by the arrow.

[0077] The second flow path F2 extends through the second inlet 37 of the side panel 11, through the associated side panel bushing 41, back and forth through the plate assembly 5 four times, exits through the side panel bushing 41, and finally exits through the second outlet 38 of the side panel 11. A baffle 39, arranged inside the side panels 11-14 and in the space between the plate stack forming the plate assembly 5, guides the second flow path F2 back and forth through the plate assembly 5 from the second inlet 37 to the second outlet 38. Figure 2 As indicated by the arrow.

[0078] The beam bushings 31-34 seal the corners of the stack to ensure separation of the two different flow paths F1 and F2. Furthermore, each side panel 11-14 is connected to the associated corner beams 21-24, as well as the top head 2 and bottom head 3, for example, by means of... Figure 1 The bolts are shown in the image. If the heat exchanger includes beam bushings and side panel bushings, as... Figure 2As shown, each side panel bushing 41-44 is clamped between the associated side panel 11-14 and two associated beam bushings 31-34 along its longitudinally extending edge and between the associated side panel 11-14 and the top plate 25 and bottom plate 26 or the associated panel bushing 29 along its transversely extending edge, wherein the transverse direction 45 is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 4.

[0079] Therefore, each side panel 41-44 can form a fluid-impermeable joint between the associated side panel 11-14 on one side and the beam bushings 31-34, top head 2, and bottom head 3, or the associated panel bushing 29 of the two associated corner beams 21-24 on the other side. Furthermore, gasket assemblies 6-9 are then arranged in the contact area between at least one side panel 11, 12, 13, 14 and the two corner beams 21, 22, 23, 24, top head 2, and bottom head 3 to prevent leakage of the plate heat exchanger.

[0080] Specifically, if the heat exchanger includes beam bushings 31-34, side panel bushings 41-44, top plate 25, and bottom plate 26, such as Figure 2 As shown, each gasket assembly 6-9 will be arranged between the associated side panel bushing 41-44 and the associated beam bushing 31-34 and the top and bottom plates to prevent the plate heat exchanger from leaking and to eliminate any contact between the first and second fluids and any of the side panels 11-14, corner beams 21-24, top head and bottom head.

[0081] In other words, the groove in which the gasket assembly 6-9 is located may be arranged in or associated with one or more of the following: side panel bushings 41-44 attached to at least one side panel 11-14, beam bushings 31-34, top plate 25 of plate assembly 5, or bottom plate 26 of plate assembly 5.

[0082] Figure 4 A schematic 3D view of the plate assembly 5 is shown, including beam bushings 31-34 attached to each longitudinal corner of the plate assembly 5, and a top plate 25 and a bottom plate 26 attached to the longitudinal ends of the plate assembly 5 and the longitudinal ends of the beam bushings. Figure 5 Show Figure 4 A schematic magnified 3D view of the top side of the component, and Figure 6 Show Figure 5 A further enlarged schematic 3D view of the top side of the component, which includes a cross section extending along the longitudinal direction 4 of the heat exchanger 1.

[0083] For example, the attachment is created by welding to provide a leak-proof connection. This forms four inlet openings 51, 52, 53, 54 for the first and second fluids into the plate assembly 5, each opening facing outwards along a separate direction of the rectangular plate assembly 5. The inlet openings 51-54, separated by beam bushings 31-34, allow the first and second fluids to enter and exit the plate assembly 5.

[0084] Each access opening 51-54 is surrounded by frames 61-64, which are formed by or associated with beam bushings 31-34, a top plate 25, and a bottom plate 26. Each frame 61-64 defines an abutment surface 48 that faces outward and is configured to interact with the abutment surfaces of the side panels 11-14 or the side panel bushings 41-44.

[0085] exist Figure 4-6 In the exemplary embodiment shown, frames 61-64 are separate components attached (e.g., welded) to the edges of beam bushings 31-34, top plate 25, and bottom plate 26. Therefore, the frames can be considered associated with beam bushings 31-34, top plate 25, and bottom plate 26. The cross-section of the frames may have a generally rectangular shape.

[0086] like Figure 6 As best seen, each frame 61-64 has a groove 46 formed in an abutment surface 48 configured to interact with the side panels 11-14 or side panel bushings 41-44, the groove 46 being configured to define a support for the gasket assembly 6-9. Thus, the groove 46 can be considered associated with the beam bushings 31-34 of the two corner beams 21-24, the top plate 25 of the plate assembly 5, and the bottom plate 26 of the plate assembly 5. Furthermore, the groove is arranged in a rectangular frame or flange that is welded, soldered, or otherwise permanently attached to the side panel bushings or at least the beam bushings of the two corner beams.

[0087] Frames 61-64 may have a material thickness 47 of about 6-20 mm, particularly about 8-15 mm, as measured along a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 4, and grooves 46 may be machined in frames 61-64. The material thickness of beam bushings 31-34 may be significantly smaller, for example in the range of 1-5 mm, particularly 2-4 mm.

[0088] Each frame 61-64 has an outward-facing (i.e., towards the associated side panel) adjacent surface 48 and an inward-facing (i.e., towards the plate assembly 5 of the heat exchange plate 27) rear surface 49. In the assembled state of the heat exchanger 1, the corner beams are arranged to provide rear support for the frame along the longitudinal side of the frame, and the top head 2 and bottom head 3 are arranged to provide rear support for the frame 61-64 along the transverse side of the frame 61-64. In other words, in the assembled state of the heat exchanger, the rear surface 49 of the frame 61-64 contacts and is supported by the relatively thick and structurally rigid corner beams 11-14, top head 2, and bottom head 3. Thus, the frame 61-64 itself does not need to be particularly strong or rigid.

[0089] Figure 7 A 3D view of the top side of the enclosure housing accommodating panel 5 is shown, but the side panels have been removed and no bolts are present. Therefore, Figure 7 The top head 2, four corner beams 21-24, and three side panels 12-14 are shown. Furthermore, due to the removal of the side panels, the frame 61 associated with panel assembly 5 is visible. Figure 8 Show Figure 7 An enlarged view of the corner of the enclosure, which clearly shows the slot 46 in the frame 61, and the rear support provided to the frame 61 by the corner beam 21 and the top head 2.

[0090] Similarly, Figure 9 A 3D cross-sectional view of the complete enclosure for housing panel 5 is shown, but bolts for attaching side panels 11-14 are not included. Therefore, Figure 9 The top head 2, two corner beams 21 and 22, and three side panels 11-13 are shown. Additionally, as in... Figure 10 ( Figure 10 Corresponding to Figure 9 As best seen in the magnified view of the top corner of the enclosure, the top plate 25 is positioned directly below the top head 2, and the frame 61 located at the edge of the top plate 25 is shown compressed between the top head and the side panel bushing 41 of the side panel 11. Specifically, the rear surface 49 of the frame 61 contacts and is supported by the relatively thick and structurally rigid top head 2, and the side panel bushing 41 abuts the outwardly facing abutment surface 48 of the frame 61. The gasket assembly 6 is located in a groove 46 of the frame 61 and provides a leak-proof seal between the top plate 25 and the side panel bushing 41 along the contact area between the side panel and the top head.

[0091] A threaded orifice 55 is provided in the top head and aligned with a hole 56 in the side panel 11. Thus, a bolt or similar threaded component (not shown) can be inserted into the hole 56 and threadedly engaged with the threaded orifice 55 to press the side panel 11 against the top head 2 in the pressing direction 68 and allow the gasket assembly to provide a leak-proof heat exchanger.

[0092] Figure 11A schematic cross-sectional view of a corner region of an exemplary embodiment of the heat exchanger 1, as seen along longitudinal direction 4. In particular, Figure 11 A portion of a first side panel 11 bolted to a first surface of the corner beam 21 is shown, as well as a portion of an adjacent second side panel 12 bolted to a second surface of the same corner beam 21. In this particular cross-sectional view, only one threaded hole 57 is shown in the corner beam 21. A through hole 58 provided in the first side panel 11 is aligned with the threaded hole 57. Furthermore, a threaded pin 59 is installed in the threaded hole 57, and a nut 65 is installed on the threaded pin 59 for pressing the first side panel 11 against the corner beam 21 in the pressing direction 68.

[0093] A beam bushing 31 is disposed on the inner side of the corner beam 21 and is configured to protect the corner beam from contact with the first and second fluids of the heat exchanger. The beam bushing also serves to prevent fluid leakage through the corner beam 21, i.e., leakage from one inlet opening 51-54 to an adjacent inlet opening 51-54. (Refer to the above text.) Figure 4-6 As shown and described, the beam bushing 31 can be welded to the plate assembly 5, and the frames 61, 64 are welded, for example, along weld line 66 to the longitudinal edge of the beam bushing 31 to ensure a proper seal between the beam bushing 31 and each frame 61, 64. An angle beam can then be inserted longitudinally 4 into the space defined by the beam bushing 31 and the associated frames 64, 61. As a result, as seen along the pressing direction 68 of each side panel 11, 12, the angle beam 21 is arranged directly behind each frame 61, 64.

[0094] Therefore, the rear surface 49 of each frame 61, 64 contacts and is supported by the relatively thick and structurally rigid corner beam 21, and each side panel bushing 41, 42 abuts the outward-facing abutment surface 48 of the associated frame 61, 64. Furthermore, as described above, gasket assemblies 6, 7 are located in each of the slots 46 of the frames 61, 64, and provide a leak-proof seal between the beam bushing 31 and the side panel bushings 41, 42 along the contact area between the corner beam 21 and the first side panel 11 and the second side panel 12, respectively.

[0095] In particular, as referenced Figure 10 and Figure 11 As described, by forming grooves 46 in the relatively thick side frames 61, 64 (e.g., by machining), structurally rigid and form-stable grooves are provided to allow for good sealing of the gasket assemblies 6, 7 when the side panels 11, 12 are pressed against the corner beam 21 in the pressing direction 68. Furthermore, since the grooves 46 can be formed from a single piece of structurally rigid material along their entire length, the grooves 46 will have smooth and continuous inner walls, particularly a smooth bottom wall, without discrete steps, enabling a reliable and leak-proof connection between the beam bushings of each frame 61, 64 and the associated side panel bushings 41, 42.

[0096] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 11 In some exemplary embodiments of the heat exchanger 1, each frame 61-64 may consist of multiple straight frame segments, such as two longitudinal segments and two transverse segments, each having a slot 46. These frame segments may then be welded together to form a single frame that can be attached to the beam bushings 31-34, the top plate 25, and the bottom plate 26. Alternatively, these frame segments may first be individually welded to the beam bushings 31-34, the top plate 25, and the bottom plate 26, and then welded together during the assembly of the heat exchanger 1 to form a single continuous frame 61-64.

[0097] According to another alternative, each frame 61-64 can be manufactured from a single piece of material, for example by means of additive manufacturing, such as a technique for layer-by-layer growth of a three-dimensional object, wherein each successive layer is bonded to a preceding layer of molten material. A nozzle or printhead can be used to deposit material onto the preceding layers, or a laser or electron beam can be used to selectively melt powder material in a bed of powder material. More alternatively, each frame 61-64 can be manufactured by overlay welding to form a solid frame, and subsequently, continuous grooves 46 are machined into the frame. The term overlay welding, as used herein, refers to a welding process involving depositing one or more weld beads on a base metal to accumulate a structure (i.e., a frame).

[0098] When the side panels 11-14 are installed and pressed against the two corner beams 21-24, the top head 2 and the bottom head 3, the gasket assembly 6-9 is in a compressed state, and the abutment surface associated with at least one side panel 11-14 has metal-to-metal contact with the corresponding abutment surfaces associated with the two corner beams 21-24, the top head 2 and the bottom head 3 to provide protection against over-tightening of the gasket assembly.

[0099] For example, refer to Figure 11 An exemplary embodiment of the heat exchanger shown in the figure indicates that side panel bushings 41, 42 define abutment surfaces associated with side panels 11, 12, and the outward-facing abutment surfaces 48 of the associated frames 61, 64 define corresponding abutment surfaces associated with the two corner beams 21, the top head 2, and the bottom head 3. As a result, in Figure 10 and Figure 11 In the example, the adjacent surfaces of the side panel bushings 41, 42 have metal-to-metal contact with the corresponding adjacent surfaces 48 of the associated frames 61, 64 to provide protection against overtightening of the gasket assemblies 6, 7.

[0100] Therefore, the side panels 11, 12 can be designed to avoid metal-to-metal contact at locations other than between the side panel bushings 41, 42 and the frames 61, 64. However, according to an alternative exemplary embodiment, additional or alternative metal-to-metal contact may exist between region 69 of the side panels 11, 12 and the corresponding region 70 of the corner beam 21, as seen in the plane of the side panels 11, 12, regions 69, 70 located outside the frames 61, 64. Such additional metal-to-metal contact further strengthens the enclosure.

[0101] Figure 12 Another exemplary embodiment of the heat exchanger is shown, wherein frames 61, 64 are not separate parts welded to beam bushing 31 as previously described. Instead, each frame 61, 64 consists of frame segments integrally formed with beam bushing 31, top plate, and bottom plate. In other words, referring to... Figure 4 A frame 61 may consist of a longitudinally extending frame segment integrally formed with the first beam bushing 31, a transversely extending frame segment integrally formed with the top plate 25, a longitudinally extending frame segment integrally formed with the second beam bushing 32, and a transversely extending frame segment integrally formed with the bottom plate 26. The ends of these frame segments constituting the frame 61 may be connected to each other after assembly by welding, fasteners, etc., to form a single structurally stable frame 61, or not. The beam bushings 31-34, top plate 25, or bottom plate 26 having integrally formed frame segments may be manufactured, for example, by means of additive manufacturing or welding.

[0102] The frame segments that make up each frame 61, 64 may have a thickness of about 6-20 mm, particularly about 8-15 mm, as measured in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 4, and the groove 46 may be machined in the frame segments. The material thickness of the beam bushing 31 may be significantly smaller, for example in the range of 1-5 mm, particularly 2-4 mm.

[0103] Figure 13 Shown and reference Figure 12 Another exemplary embodiment of a heat exchanger similar to that described is shown, but differs in that the frame segments have a material thickness substantially equal to the material thickness of the beam bushing 31, wherein each of the grooves 46 associated with the corner beam 21 is instead formed by lining the inner surface of the groove formed in the corner beam 21 with the associated beam bushing 31. A corresponding design may be provided at the top plate 25 and the bottom plate 26.

[0104] Figure 14 A further exemplary embodiment of the heat exchanger is shown, in which the beam bushing is omitted. The panel-shaped sections of the top plate 25 and bottom plate 26 and / or the top plate 25 and bottom plate 26 may also be omitted. The groove 46 may then be formed directly in the side panels 11, 12, as... Figure 14As shown in the diagram, or on the opposite side, i.e., directly in the corner beam 21. Gasket assemblies 6, 7 can be disposed in the groove 46 as described above, and the outward-facing abutment surface 48 of the corner beam 21 can be configured to interact with the inward-facing abutment surfaces of the side panels 11, 12. Such embodiments of the heat exchanger can be used, for example, when the first and second fluids are less corrosive or, in other ways, when the metal housings of the corner beam 21 and side panels 11, 12 experience less wear.

[0105] In other words, the groove 46 in which the gasket assemblies 6 and 7 are located can be arranged in at least one side panel 11 or 12, or in two corner beams 21 associated with the at least one side panel 11 or 12.

[0106] In addition, the groove 46 in which the gasket assemblies 6 and 7 are located can also be arranged in the top head 2 and the bottom head 3.

[0107] Figure 15 A 3D cross-sectional view of the top corner of another exemplary embodiment of the heat exchanger is schematically shown, wherein a groove 46 is arranged in a side panel bushing 41 associated with a side panel 11. For example, the side panel bushing 41 may be attached to the inner surface of the side panel 11 by means of a threaded fastener (not shown) engaging with a threaded orifice 71 in the side panel 11 or by means of welding. A gasket assembly 6 is arranged within the groove 46 and configured to interact with an outwardly facing abutting surface 48 of the top plate 25. The top plate 25 may extend on the inner surface of the top head 2 and has a folded portion around the periphery of the top plate 25, and the outwardly facing abutting surface 48 of the top plate 25 may lie on the folded portion.

[0108] Figure 16 Schematic illustration with reference Figure 15 A 3D cross-sectional view of the longitudinal extension angle of a heat exchanger similar to that described. Specifically, slot 46 is arranged in side panel bushings 41, 42 associated with side panels 11, 12, and gasket assemblies 6, 7 are arranged within slot 46 and configured to interact with the outward-facing abutment surface 48 of beam bushing 31. Thus, beam bushing 31 can extend on the inner surface of corner beam 21 and has a folded portion defining the outward-facing abutment surface 48 of beam bushing 31.

[0109] The side panel bushings 41, 42 may have a material thickness 47 of about 6-20 mm, particularly about 8-15 mm, as measured in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 4, and the groove 46 may be machined in the side panel bushings 41, 42. The material thickness of the top plate 25 and / or beam bushing 31 in the region of the outwardly facing adjacent surface 48 may be significantly smaller, for example in the range of 1-5 mm, particularly 2-4 mm.

[0110] By forming grooves 46 in the relatively thick side panel bushings 41, 42, for example by machining, a structurally rigid and shape-stable groove is provided to allow for a good sealing effect of the gasket assemblies 6, 7 when the side panels 11, 12 are pressed against the top head in the pressing direction. Furthermore, since the groove 46 is formed from a single piece of structurally rigid material along its entire length, the groove 46 will have a smooth and continuous inner wall without discrete steps, enabling a reliable and leak-proof connection between the side panel bushings 41, 42 on one side and the corner beam 21, top plate 25, and bottom plate 26 on the other side.

[0111] Figure 17 A cross-sectional view showing the corner beam 21 and its attachment to two adjacent side panels 11, 12 is shown, and it substantially corresponds to... Figure 16 The arrangement is as follows: A relatively thin beam bushing 31 is arranged on the inner side of the corner beam 21, that is, on the side facing the panel assembly 5 in the assembled state. In addition, relatively thick side panel bushings 41, 42 are attached to the inner surface of each side panel 11, 12. A continuously extending groove 46 is provided to surround the periphery of the inner surface of the side panel bushings 41, 42.

[0112] Gasket assemblies 6 and 7 are arranged in slot 46 and configured to abut the outward-facing abutment surface 48 of the beam bushing 31. Metal-to-metal contact is provided between the side panel bushings 41 and 42 and the outward-facing abutment surface 48 of the beam bushing 31, thereby allowing for simpler, more reliable, and more user-friendly assembly of the heat exchanger 1, as over-compression of the gasket assemblies 6 and 7 can be easily, intuitively, and reliably prevented.

[0113] Figure 18 A cross-sectional view showing the corner beam 21 according to another exemplary embodiment of the heat exchanger 1 and its attachment to two adjacent side panels 11, 12 is shown. The design is similar to that described in the reference. Figure 11 The design is as described, but the difference is that the frames 61 and 64 are instead attached to the side panel bushings 41 and 42, and have grooves 46 on the outward-facing adjacent surfaces 48 facing inward toward the beam bushing 31.

[0114] In other words, the side panel bushings 41, 42 are arranged on the inside of the side panels 11, 12 and are configured to protect the side panels 11, 12 from contact with the first and second fluids of the heat exchanger 1. The beam bushing 31 may be relatively thin and extends on the inner surface of the corner beam 21 and includes a folded portion defining the outward-facing adjacent surface 48 of the beam bushing 31.

[0115] Rigid continuous frames 61, 64 are attached to all four peripheral edges of each of the rectangular side panel bushings 41, 42. The attachment may be performed by a continuous weld line 66 to ensure a proper seal between the side panel bushings 41, 42 and each corresponding frame 64, 61.

[0116] When the nut 65 is tightened to push each of the side panels 11, 12 toward the corner beam 21, the abutting surfaces 76 of the frames 61, 64 press against the outward-facing abutting surfaces 48 of the associated beam bushings 31 along the pressing direction 68. Thus, the gasket assemblies 6, 7 located in the grooves 46 of the frames 61, 64 provide a leak-proof seal between the beam bushings 31 and the side panel bushings 41, 42 along the contact areas between the corner beam 21 and the first side panel 11 and the second side panel 12, respectively.

[0117] As mentioned above, by attaching the relatively thick one-piece frames 61, 64 to the edges of the relatively thin side panel bushings 41, 42, not only are material costs reduced compared to having full-thickness side panel bushings 41, 42, but the advantages of providing structural rigidity and form-stable grooves, for example, through machining, to allow for good sealing of the gasket assembly 6 are also maintained. Furthermore, since the groove 46 can be formed along its entire length from a single piece of structurally rigid material, the groove will have a smooth and continuous inner wall, and a particularly smooth bottom wall, without discrete steps, enabling a reliable and leak-proof connection between the beam bushing 31 and the side panel bushings 41, 42.

[0118] However, in some exemplary embodiments, for several reasons, each frame 61, 64 may preferably consist of straight frame segments, such as two longitudinal segments and two transverse segments, each having a slot. These segments may be attached along all four peripheral edges of the inward-facing surface of each of the rectangular side panel bushings 41, 42 to form a continuous frame with continuous slots 46. The ends of the frame segments may be welded together to increase the strength and stability of the frames 61, 64. Manufacturing the frames 61-64 by assembling frame segments can result in a more cost-effective design.

[0119] Figure 19 Shown and reference Figure 18 Another exemplary embodiment of a heat exchanger similar to the described embodiment, wherein a relatively thin beam bushing 31 is arranged on the inner side of the corner beam 21, i.e., on the side facing the plate assembly 5 in the assembled state, and wherein relatively thick frames 61, 64 of the side panel bushings 41, 42 press against the outward-facing adjacent surface 48 of the beam bushing 31. Each frame 61, 64, provided with a continuous groove 46, extends around the periphery of the inner surface of the associated side panel bushing 41, 42 and is integrally formed with the associated side panel bushing 41, 42. In other words, the side panel bushings 41, 42 and the frames 61, 64 are manufactured as a single piece, and the material thickness 47 of the side panel bushings 41, 42 is significantly less than the material thickness of the frames 61, 64, as measured along the pressing direction 68 of each side panel 11, 12.

[0120] For example, frames 61, 64 may have a thickness of about 6-20 mm, particularly about 8-15 mm, as measured along the pressing direction 68 of the associated side panels 11, 12, and the material thickness 47 of the side panel bushings 41, 42 in the area surrounded by frames 61, 64, as measured along the pressing direction 68 of the associated side panels 11, 12, may be significantly smaller, for example in the range of 1-5 mm, particularly 2-4 mm.

[0121] As before, slot 46 can be machined into frames 61, 64, and gasket assemblies 6, 7 are arranged in slot 46 and configured to abut the outward-facing abutment surface 48 of beam bushing 31. Metal-to-metal contact is provided between frames 61, 64 and the outward-facing abutment surface 48 of beam bushing 31, thereby allowing for simpler, more reliable, and more user-friendly assembly of the heat exchanger, as over-compression of the gasket assemblies can be easily, intuitively, and reliably prevented.

[0122] Figure 20 Shown and reference Figure 13 Another exemplary embodiment of a heat exchanger similar to that described is shown, but differs in that the slot 46 is provided in the side panels 11, 12 instead of the corner beam 21. In other words, the slot is provided in the inward-facing surface of the side panels 11, 12, and side panel bushings 41, 42 of substantially uniform thickness are attached to the inward-facing surface of the side panels 11, 12, and the side panel bushings 41, 42 are also provided with the slot 46, which can be inserted into the slot of the side panels 11, 12. Thus, the side panels 11, 12 with bushings 41, 42 and inward-facing slot 46 are provided and configured to receive gasket assemblies 6, 7, completely eliminating the need for expensive thick side panel bushings 41, 42 or expensive thick frames 61, 64, but with retained strength and rigidity (due to the thick and rigid underlying side panels 11, 12).

[0123] As before, gasket assemblies 6 and 7 are arranged in slot 46 and configured to abut the outward-facing abutment surface 48 of the beam bushing 31. Metal-to-metal contact is provided between the side panel bushings 41 and 42 and the outward-facing abutment surface 48 of the beam bushing 31, thereby allowing for simpler, more reliable, and more user-friendly assembly of the heat exchanger, as over-compression of the gasket assemblies can be easily, intuitively, and reliably prevented.

[0124] Figure 21 A 3D view is shown of the inward-facing surfaces of the side panel bushings 43, 44, which have no inlets or outlets. Figure 22 Show Figure 21The corners of the side panel bushings 43, 44 are enlarged. In this exemplary embodiment, the side panel bushings 43, 44 have a relatively thick material thickness over their entire inward-facing surface area, and a deep groove 46 is machined in the area along the peripheral edge of the side panel bushings 43, 44. The groove 46 may have a fillet 89 to avoid stress concentration in the material surrounding the groove 46, which is typically associated with sharp corners.

[0125] For example, the side panel bushings 43, 44 may have a thickness of about 6-20 mm, particularly about 8-15 mm, as substantially consistent over the entire surface area of ​​the side panel bushings 43, 44 surrounded by the groove 46, as measured along the intended pressing direction 68 of the associated side panel bushings 43, 44. The groove itself may have a depth of about 6-20 mm, particularly 8-15 mm, as measured along the intended pressing direction 68 of the associated side panel bushings 43, 44, and a width of about 4-20 mm, particularly 6-10 mm.

[0126] The material thickness of the side panels 11 and 12 within the groove, measured along the pressing direction 68 of the associated side panel bushings 43 and 44, may be approximately 1-5 mm, particularly 1-3 mm.

[0127] Figure 23 A side view of the assembled gasket assemblies 6, 7, 8, and 9 is shown. The gasket assemblies may have a rectangular shape, having a length 78 of 0.5-5 meters along the longitudinal direction 4 of the plate heat exchanger and a length 79 of 0.3-2 meters along a direction 45 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 4.

[0128] As mentioned above, gasket assemblies 6, 7, 8, and 9 are segmented gasket assemblies composed of multiple gasket segments, and Figure 24 A side view schematically illustrating an exemplary embodiment of gasket assemblies 6, 7, 8, and 9 in an unassembled state is shown, wherein a plurality of gasket segments 80, 81, and 82 are arranged side by side but not in contact with each other. Clearly, the gasket assemblies are segmented longitudinally along the length of gasket assemblies 6-9.

[0129] For example, the multiple gasket segments 80, 81, and 82 that make up the segmented gasket assemblies 6, 7, 8, and 9 may include four identical corner gasket segments 80 and multiple straight gasket segments 81 and 82 that interconnect adjacent corner gasket segments 80.

[0130] The segmented gasket assembly 6-9 allows for modular gasket structures. For example, such as... Figure 24 As shown in the figure, Figure 24The straight gasket segments 81 and 82 may include a first straight gasket segment 81 having a first length 81a and a second straight gasket segment 82 having a second length 82a shorter than the first length 81a. As a result, a variety of gasket assembly shapes and sizes can be achieved using a small set of basic gasket segment shapes, particularly using a corner gasket segment 80 and multiple straight gasket segments 81 and 82 with different lengths 81a and 82a. Thus, the total cost of gasket assemblies 6-9 for various sizes of heat exchangers can be kept low, as only a few basic gasket segments 80, 81, and 82 are needed to construct a large number of different gasket assemblies. Furthermore, gasket spare parts management is simplified and more cost-effective. Additionally, depending on the complexity of the joints between adjacent gasket segments, new gasket segments can be relatively easily cut from long gasket segments.

[0131] Figure 25 A schematic 3D view of a corner portion of an exemplary gasket assembly in an assembled state is shown, having a corner segment 80 connected to straight gasket segments 81, 82. The various gasket segments 80, 81, 82 are connected at a connector 85.

[0132] Graphite gasket segments are generally relatively brittle, and gasket assemblies 6-9 can be directly assembled in slot 46, as only one gasket segment can be processed at a time. Alternatively, the entire gasket assembly can first be assembled into a single adhesive gasket structure, which is then installed in the slot. For example, individual gasket segments can be temporarily linked together using adhesives or the like to provide the single adhesive gasket structure.

[0133] Figure 26 A 3D view is shown of an exemplary embodiment of straight gasket segments 81, 82 having a generally rectangular cross-sectional shape. The longitudinal ends of the straight gasket segments 81, 82 are cut to have inclined end surfaces 86. As a result, adjacent gasket segments with matching inclined end surfaces can create a connecting section 88 with an overlapping relationship, which generally provides improved sealing performance because the end surfaces of adjacent gasket segments will be pressed together when the side panels 11-14 are pressed toward the corner beams 21-24.

[0134] Figure 27 An enlarged 3D view of the joint 85 between adjacent gasket segments 80, 81, and 82 is shown. Various types of cuts are possible on the end surfaces 86 of gasket segments 80-82.

[0135] Therefore, each gasket segment 80-82 has a connecting segment 88 at each of its longitudinal end regions, wherein, as seen along the intended compression direction 87 of the gasket assembly, the connecting segments 88 of adjacent gasket segments 80-82 are arranged in an overlapping relationship.

[0136] Figures 28a-28cThree alternative geometries for connecting segment 88 are schematically shown. Figure 28a Two gasket segments 80-82 are shown, each having a continuously inclined mating end surface. Figure 28b An alternative connection segment 88 with a keyed connection is shown, wherein the central portion of a gasket segment is positioned between the two outer portions of a mating gasket segment. Finally, Figure 28c Further exemplary connection segments 88 are shown, wherein each gasket segment is provided with a stepped end surface that mates with a corresponding stepped end surface of another gasket segment.

[0137] The intended compression direction 87 of the gasket assembly for a certain side panel 11-14 is parallel to the previously mentioned compression direction 68 of the certain side panel 11-14.

[0138] Each graphite gasket segment has a carbon content of at least 93%, particularly at least 95%, and even more particularly at least 97%. In other words, the graphite gasket can be called a fully graphite gasket.

[0139] Graphite gasket segments may be substantially free of non-graphite fillers, fibers, metal inserts, etc. However, in some applications, a certain amount of synthetic fibers may be included in the graphite material.

[0140] The term "graphite gasket" is sometimes also referred to as "flexible graphite" or "expanded graphite".

[0141] Figure 29 The inclined end surfaces 86 of the gasket segments 80-82 according to this disclosure are shown, and each gasket segment 80-82 may be made of a plurality of relatively thin stacked layers of graphite gasket material, wherein these layers are oriented substantially parallel to the intended compression direction 87 of the gasket assembly. This has a beneficial effect on the elastic properties of the gasket in a compressed state and on the elastic recovery of the gasket segments 80-82 during decompression.

[0142] Gasket segments can have various cross-sectional shapes and sizes. For example, such as Figure 30a As shown, the gasket assembly 6-9 or gasket segments 80-82, in the relaxed state, may have a generally rectangular cross-section, having a height dimension 91 along the intended compression direction 87 of the gasket assembly 6-9 and a width dimension 92 perpendicular to the intended compression direction 87, wherein the height / width ratio of the cross-section of the gasket assembly in the relaxed state is in the range of 0.75-1.75, particularly 1.0-1.5, and more particularly 1.1-1.4. This shape and form of the gasket assembly has proven to provide a high level of gasket compressibility and is suitable for mounting in the slot 46.

[0143] The term "basically" used above means that gasket assemblies 6-9 or gasket segments 80-82 may have a cross-sectional shape that deviates slightly from a perfect rectangle, for example, due to the manufacturing process and treatment of gasket segments 80-82, but still meet the height / width ratio of the transverse cross-section of the gasket assembly in the relaxed state of approximately 0.75-1.75, particularly 1.0-1.5, and more particularly 1.1-1.4. For example, as Figure 30b As shown, in the relaxed state, the gasket assemblies 6-9 or gasket segments 80-82 may have a generally rectangular cross-section, but with slightly rounded corners. Furthermore, as... Figure 30c As shown, in the relaxed state, gasket assemblies 6-9 or gasket segments 80-82 may have a transverse cross-section of a basically rectangular shape, but with slightly tapered corners, while still considered to fall within the term "transverse cross-section of a basically rectangular shape." These two examples are not exhaustive, and other cross-sectional shapes of the gasket assemblies of the gasket segments are possible shapes, while still considered to fall within the term "transverse cross-section of a basically rectangular shape."

[0144] Refer again Figures 30a to 30c The gasket assembly 6-9, in its relaxed state, has a generally rectangular cross-section, with a height dimension 91 along the intended compression direction 87 and a width dimension 92 perpendicular to the intended compression direction 87. The height dimension 91 of the gasket assembly in the relaxed state is in the range of 5-25 mm, particularly 6-17 mm and more particularly 8-12 mm, and the width dimension 92 of the gasket assembly in the relaxed state is in the range of 4-20 mm, particularly 5-15 mm and more particularly 6-10 mm. These dimensions of the gasket assembly have proven to provide a high level of gasket compressibility and are suitable for mounting in the slot 46.

[0145] Figures 31a to 31c An exemplary embodiment of the cross-sectional form of the gasket assembly 6-9 is schematically shown in three different time examples during the assembly of heat exchanger 1: Figure 31a The cross-sectional shape of gasket assembly 6-9 is shown before it is installed into slot 46. Figure 31b The diagram shows the cross-sectional shape of the gasket assembly 6-9 after it has been installed in the slot 46, but before compression along the compression direction 87 between, for example, the inwardly facing abutting surface of the side panel bushings 41-44 and the bottom surface of the slot 46 of the frame 61-64. Finally, Figure 31c The cross-sectional shape of the gasket assembly 6-9 in the fully assembled heat exchanger is shown, with metal-to-metal contact between the inwardly facing abutting surfaces of the side panel bushings 41-44 and the corresponding abutting surfaces 84 of the frame 61-64.

[0146] Studies have shown that certain relative dimensions of the gasket assembly 6-9 and the groove 46 provide better sealing performance than other relative dimensions. For example, research results indicate that sealing performance is improved for certain relative dimensions of the gasket assembly and the groove.

[0147] For example, when the side panels 11-14 are pressed against the two corner beams 21-24, the top head 2 and the bottom head 3 along the pressing direction 68 by means of threaded components, the height dimension 91 of the gasket assembly 6-9 in the relaxed state along the pressing direction 68 should preferably be greater than the total depth dimension of the groove along the pressing direction, particularly by 5-50% and even more particularly by 15-35%.

[0148] In other words, the height dimension 91 of the gasket assembly should be approximately 25% + / - approximately 10% greater than the depth dimension 94 of the groove 46, because this has been demonstrated that the gasket assembly provides a high sealing force when the gasket assembly 6-9 is compressed, such as Figure 31a As indicated by arrow 100. Compared to the depth dimension 94 of slot 46, the larger size of the gasket assembly 6-9 in the height dimension 91 is... Figure 31b It is indicated by reference mark "95".

[0149] Furthermore, good sealing performance is also achieved when the ratio between the width dimension 93 of the groove 46 and the width dimension 92 of the gasket assembly 6-9 in the relaxed state is in the range of 1.0-1.2, particularly in the range of 1.0-1.1, and more particularly in the range of 1.0-1.05, and wherein the ratio between the height dimension 91 of the gasket assembly 6-9 in the relaxed state and the depth dimension 94 of the groove 46 is in the range of 1.05-1.75, particularly in the range of 1.1-1.5, and more particularly in the range of 1.2-1.3.

[0150] This essentially means that the width dimension 93 of the groove should be approximately the same as or slightly larger than the width dimension 92 of the gasket assembly 6-9. This allows the gasket assembly to be easily inserted into the groove while still ensuring that the compression of the gasket assembly in the compression direction 87 primarily results in the compression of the gasket assembly in the compression direction 87, allowing a high sealing pressure to accumulate in the gasket assembly during compression.

[0151] Furthermore, research indicates that the essentially square cross-section of groove 46 generally results in improved sealing performance. Therefore, as Figure 31cAs shown, in a metal-to-metal contact state with at least one sidewall mounted, the groove 46 may be provided with a transverse cross section of a generally square or rectangular shape, having a depth dimension 99 along the intended compression direction 87 of the gasket assembly 6-9 and a width dimension 98 perpendicular to the intended compression direction 87, wherein the depth / width ratio of the transverse cross section of the groove 46 may be in the range of 0.6-1.4, particularly 0.75-1.25 and more particularly 0.9-1.1.

[0152] Clearly, the slot 46, which is machined or otherwise provided in, for example, frames 61-64, may deviate slightly from the form of a purely mathematical rectangular geometry due to manufacturing tolerances, reduced peak stress fillets, etc.

[0153] Furthermore, the term "relaxed state" for gasket assemblies refers to the state of the gasket assembly before compression or when the gasket assembly is fully depressurized. Graphite gasket assemblies generally exhibit good elastic recovery upon depressurization, making the aforementioned dimensions and ratios effective in providing improved sealing performance, regardless of whether the height and width dimensions of the gasket assembly are measured before compression or when the gasket assembly is fully depressurized. Full depressurization of the gasket assembly means removing the side panels from the corner beam.

[0154] According to another exemplary embodiment of the heat exchanger, the slot for the gasket assembly may be provided by two cooperating half-slots, such as... Figures 32a-32c As shown in the figure, Figures 32a-32c Three different time examples are shown during the assembly of heat exchanger 1, such as... Figures 31a-31c Therefore, if the slots for the gasket assembly are partially arranged in the frames 61-64 and partially arranged in the side panel bushings 41-44, the term "total depth of the slot along the pressing direction" refers to the combined depth of the two cooperating half-slots, such as... Figure 32c As shown by reference numeral 99.

[0155] Furthermore, each of the terms "top head" and / or "bottom head" may refer to a single rigid one-piece structure as depicted in the figure, or alternatively to a structure composed of multiple components, such as a rigid frame structure with a top cover or a bottom cover. The frame structure may be made of components welded together or bolted together and / or connected to corner beams.

[0156] This disclosure also relates to a method for assembling a plate heat exchanger as described above. The method includes a first step of providing a plate assembly 5 consisting of a top head 2, a bottom head 3, four side panels 11-14, four corner beams 21-24, and stacked heat exchange plates 27.

[0157] The method also includes a second step of assembling the corner beams 21-24, the bottom head 3, the top head 2, and the plate assembly 5 into a subunit.

[0158] Additionally, the method includes a third step of installing a continuous gasket assembly 6-9 in a slot 46 arranged in a intended contact area between at least one side panel 11-14 and two corner beams 21-24, a top head 2, and a bottom head 3, wherein the gasket assembly 6-9 is a segmented gasket assembly consisting of multiple gasket segments, and wherein each gasket segment is made of graphite material.

[0159] Finally, the method includes a fourth step of connecting at least one side panel 11-14 to two corner beams, a top head 2, and a bottom head 3 to form a sealed enclosure for receiving the panel assembly 5.

[0160] It will be understood that the foregoing description is exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure, its application, or use. While specific examples have been described in the specification and illustrated in the figures, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements therein without departing from the scope of this disclosure as defined in the claims. Furthermore, modifications may be made to adapt particular situations or materials to the teachings of this disclosure without departing from the essential scope of this disclosure.

[0161] Furthermore, the steps or operations of the method for assembling the plate heat exchanger described above may (when not impossible due to environmental conflicts) be performed in part in a different order, and the method is not strictly limited to the specific order described above. Rather, the method discussed is merely one embodiment of the present disclosure as contemplated.

[0162] Therefore, it is intended that this disclosure is not limited to the specific examples illustrated and described in the specification as the best mode currently contemplated for carrying out the teachings of this disclosure, but rather that the scope of this disclosure shall include any embodiments falling within the foregoing description and the appended claims. Reference numerals used in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope of the matter protected by the claims, and their sole function is to facilitate the understanding of the claims.

Claims

1. A plate heat exchanger comprising a top head (2), a bottom head (3), four side panels (11, 12, 13, 14) and four corner beams (21, 22, 23, 24), wherein the side panels (11, 12, 13, 14) and the corner beams (21, 22, 23, 24) extend longitudinally (4) from the bottom head (3) to the top head (2), wherein each side panel (11, 12, 14, 13, 14) extends ... 13, 14) are associated with two corner beams (21, 22, 23, 24), wherein the top head (2), the bottom head (3), the four side panels (11, 12, 13, 14) and the four corner beams (21, 22, 23, 24) are connected together to form a sealed enclosure for accommodating a plate assembly (5) for receiving stacked heat exchange plates (27), wherein continuous gasket assemblies (6, 7, 8, 9) are arranged on at least one side panel (11, 12, 13, 14). In the contact area between 1, 12, 13, 14) and the two corner beams (21, 22, 23, 24), the top head (2) and the bottom head (3), wherein the gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9) is located in a groove (46), wherein the gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9) is a segmented gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9) consisting of a plurality of gasket segments, and wherein each gasket segment is made of graphite material, wherein the groove (46) is arranged in a rectangular frame (61, 62, 63, 64) which is welded or otherwise permanently attached to the side panel bushing (41, 42, 43, 44) or to at least the beam bushing (31, 32, 33, 34) of the two corner beams (21, 22, 23, 24), wherein the material thickness of the rectangular frame measured in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is greater than the material thickness of the side panel bushing or the beam bushing.

2. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein The at least one side panel (11, 12, 13, 14) is pressed against the two corner beams (21, 22, 23, 24), the top head (2), and the bottom head (3) along the pressing direction (68) by means of threaded components, and wherein the height dimension of the gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9) in the relaxed state along the pressing direction (68) is greater than the total depth dimension of the groove (46) along the pressing direction (68).

3. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 2, wherein In the relaxed state, the height dimension of the gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9) along the pressing direction (68) is 5%-50% larger than the total depth dimension of the groove (46) along the pressing direction (68).

4. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 3, wherein In the relaxed state, the height dimension of the gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9) along the pressing direction (68) is 15%-35% larger than the total depth dimension of the groove (46) along the pressing direction (68).

5. The plate heat exchanger according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein When the at least one side panel (11, 12, 13, 14) is installed and presses against the two corner beams (21, 22, 23, 24), the top head (2), and the bottom head (3), the gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9) is in a compressed state; and, in order to provide protection against over-tightening of the gasket assembly, the at least one side panel is in metal-to-metal contact with the two corner beams, the at least one side panel is in metal-to-metal contact with the top head, and the at least one side panel is in metal-to-metal contact with the bottom head.

6. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein, The rectangular frame has a material thickness of 6mm-20mm measured in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the side panel bushing or the beam bushing has a material thickness of 1mm-5mm.

7. The plate heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The gasket assemblies (6, 7, 8, 9) in the relaxed state have a generally rectangular cross-section, having a height dimension along the expected compression direction of the gasket assemblies (6, 7, 8, 9) and a width dimension perpendicular to the expected compression direction, wherein the height / width ratio of the cross-section of the gasket assemblies (6, 7, 8, 9) in the relaxed state is in the range of 0.75-1.

75.

8. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 7, wherein, In the relaxed state, the height / width ratio of the transverse cross-section of the gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9) is in the range of 1.0-1.

5.

9. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 8, wherein, In the relaxed state, the height-to-width ratio of the transverse cross-section of the gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9) is in the range of 1.1-1.

4.

10. The plate heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The groove (46) has a generally rectangular cross-section in a metal-to-metal contact state with at least one sidewall mounted, having a depth dimension along the intended compression direction of the gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9) and a width dimension perpendicular to the intended compression direction, wherein the depth / width ratio of the cross-section of the groove (46) is in the range of 0.6-1.

4.

11. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 10, wherein, The depth-to-width ratio of the transverse cross section of the groove (46) is in the range of 0.75-1.

25.

12. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 11, wherein, The depth-to-width ratio of the transverse cross section of the groove (46) is in the range of 0.9-1.

1.

13. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 7, wherein, The groove (46), in a metal-to-metal contact state with at least one sidewall mounted, has a generally rectangular transverse cross-section having a depth dimension along the intended compression direction of the gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9) and a width dimension perpendicular to the intended compression direction, wherein the depth / width ratio of the transverse cross-section of the groove (46) is in the range of 0.6-1.

4. The ratio between the width dimension of the groove (46) and the width dimension of the gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9) in the relaxed state is in the range of 1.0-1.2, and / or the ratio between the height dimension of the gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9) in the relaxed state and the depth dimension of the groove (46) is in the range of 1.05-1.

75.

14. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 13, wherein, The ratio between the width of the groove (46) and the width of the gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9) in the relaxed state is in the range of 1.0-1.

1.

15. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 14, wherein, The ratio between the width dimension of the groove (46) and the width dimension of the gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9) in the relaxed state is in the range of 1.0-1.

05.

16. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 13, wherein, The ratio between the height dimension of the gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9) and the depth dimension of the groove (46) in the relaxed state is in the range of 1.1-1.

5.

17. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 16, wherein, The ratio between the height dimension of the gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9) and the depth dimension of the groove (46) in the relaxed state is in the range of 1.2-1.

3.

18. The plate heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The gasket assemblies (6, 7, 8, 9) in the relaxed state have a generally rectangular cross-section, having a height dimension along the expected compression direction of the gasket assemblies (6, 7, 8, 9) and a width dimension perpendicular to the expected compression direction, wherein the height dimension of the gasket assemblies (6, 7, 8, 9) in the relaxed state is in the range of 5 mm to 25 mm, and wherein the width dimension of the gasket assemblies (6, 7, 8, 9) in the relaxed state is in the range of 4 mm to 20 mm.

19. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 18, wherein, The height of the gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9) in the relaxed state is in the range of 6mm-17mm.

20. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 19, wherein, The height of the gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9) in the relaxed state is in the range of 8mm-12mm.

21. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 18, wherein, The width of the gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9) in the relaxed state is in the range of 5mm-15mm.

22. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 21, wherein, The width of the gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9) in the relaxed state is in the range of 6mm-10mm.

23. The plate heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, Each gasket segment (80, 81, 82) has a connecting segment (88) at each of its longitudinal end regions, wherein the connecting segments (88) of adjacent gasket segments (80, 81, 82) are arranged in an overlapping relationship as seen along the intended compression direction of the gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9).

24. The plate heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The plurality of gasket segments (80, 81, 82) that make up the segmented gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9) include four identical corner gasket segments (80) and one or more straight gasket segments (81, 82) that interconnect the corner gasket segments (80).

25. The plate heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9) has a rectangular shape and a length of 0.5 m to 5 m along the longitudinal direction of the plate heat exchanger and a length of 0.3 m to 2 m along a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.

26. The plate heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, Each gasket segment (80, 81, 82) has a carbon content of at least 93%.

27. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 26, wherein, Each gasket segment (80, 81, 82) has a carbon content of at least 95%.

28. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 27, wherein, Each gasket segment (80, 81, 82) has a carbon content of at least 97%.

29. The plate heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, Each gasket segment (80, 81, 82) is made of multiple stacked layers of graphite material, wherein the layers are oriented parallel to the intended compression direction of the gasket assembly (6, 7, 8, 9).

30. A method for assembling a plate heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 29, the method comprising: A plate assembly (5) providing a top head (2), a bottom head (3), four side panels (11, 12, 13, 14), four corner beams (21, 22, 23, 24), and stacked heat exchange plates (27), Assemble the corner beams (21, 22, 23, 24), the bottom head (3), the top head (2), and the plate assembly (5) into a subunit. The continuous gasket assemblies (6, 7, 8, 9) of the plate heat exchanger are installed in the slot (46) of the plate heat exchanger. The at least one side panel (11, 12, 13, 14) is connected to the two corner beams (21, 22, 23, 24), the top head (2), and the bottom head (3) to form a sealed enclosure for receiving the panel assembly (5).

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