A vibration-damping fastener system

Abstract

The present invention provides a vibration-damping fastener system, including a lower pad, an upper pad, and an intermediate elastic layer. The lower pad is set as a frame-type structure, the middle of the lower pad is set as a hollow, the intermediate elastic layer and the upper pad are installed in the frame of the lower pad, and a gap is formed between the outer sides of the left and right ends of the upper pad and the inner sides of the left and right ends of the lower pad, and a wedge-shaped plug is installed in the gap. The wedge-shaped plug locks the upper pad and the lower pad to limit the lateral and longitudinal displacement of the upper pad, and the lower pad is set as a frame structure so that the vibration-damping fastener has a low installation height, and the installation height can be consistent with that of ordinary fasteners, and the anchor bolts matched with the vibration-damping fastener are also consistent with ordinary fasteners, and the intermediate elastic pad layer can be replaced without removing the anchor bolts, and the vibration-damping fastener is given a smaller lateral displacement of the rail head under the premise of meeting a smaller vertical stiffness, that is, the track system has better safety performance under the premise of meeting better vibration-damping performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of rail transit technology, and in particular to a vibration-damping fastener system. Background Art

[0002] Medium vibration damping fasteners are the most widely used rail vibration damper products in the field of urban rail transit. The main components of medium vibration damping fasteners generally include: upper iron pad, lower iron pad, middle rubber pad, rail pad, connection self-locking kit, coupling pad, cover plate, etc. Its main structure is composed of upper iron pad, lower iron pad, rubber elastic layer connected by self-locking kit. The following problems exist during use:

[0003] 1. The installation height of the medium vibration damping fastener is too high

[0004] Medium vibration damping fasteners are used in medium vibration damping line sections in subway rail transit lines, and ordinary fasteners are used in ordinary lines, so both types of fasteners will exist on the same line at the same time. The installation height of medium vibration damping fasteners is 14mm higher than that of ordinary fasteners, so during the installation and construction of fasteners, it is necessary to use height adjustment pads to adjust the smoothness of the line, which increases the difficulty of line construction.

[0005] 2. The length of the anchor bolts for medium vibration damping fasteners and ordinary fasteners is inconsistent

[0006] The anchor bolts of medium vibration damping fasteners currently available on the market are almost 25 to 35 mm longer than those of ordinary fasteners. The inconsistency in the length of the anchor bolts results in the need for two different types of anchor bolts for vibration damping fasteners and ordinary fasteners. During the line installation and construction process, vibration damping fasteners and ordinary fasteners are often installed and constructed at the same time. The limitations of the construction site will lead to incorrect use of anchor bolts, which will cause problems with line safety. In addition, it is relatively difficult to outsource the unified procurement of two different types of anchor bolts.

[0007] 3. It is difficult to replace the rubber elastic layer online

[0008] The service life of the rubber elastic layer used in medium vibration damping fasteners is generally half of that of cast iron parts, so the elastic rubber layer needs to be replaced midway. Currently, the medium vibration damping fasteners on the market require the anchor bolts to be completely removed before the rubber elastic layer can be replaced online. However, after a certain number of years of use, the anchor bolts will bend and deform. When removing the bolts, the impact force of the electric wrench can easily damage the nylon sleeve threads due to the unevenness of the bolts.

[0009] 4. The rigidity of the vibration-damping fastener is too high to meet the safety requirement.

[0010] Generally, the design of vibration-damping fasteners focuses on two aspects: safety performance and vibration-damping performance. For safety, it is manifested in how to better fix the rails on the roadbed and reduce the lateral displacement of the rails caused by the wheel-rail impact of the vehicle; for vibration-damping performance, it is manifested in how to reduce the vertical stiffness, that is, how to achieve a larger vibration reduction by achieving a larger vertical displacement during the driving process of the vehicle (vertical stiffness = vertical loading force / vertical displacement). The medium vibration-damping fasteners currently on the market have a higher vertical stiffness under the premise of meeting a certain fatigue rail head lateral displacement. If the stiffness of the double non-fastener is reduced, the fatigue rail head will also increase significantly in the lateral direction, and safety cannot be guaranteed.

[0011] The prior art patent with publication number CN103669122A discloses a split nested high elastic rail fastener, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: an insulating buffer nesting ring, in which the inner cavity is stacked and nested with embedded plate lower elastic pads and embedded sub-iron pads from bottom to top, the mother iron pad is nested on the insulating buffer nesting ring, and its buckling edge is buckled on the buckling part of the embedded sub-iron pad through the flange of the insulating buffer nesting ring, and the embedded plate lower elastic pad includes a basic elastic pad, which is provided with a through hole, and an elastic column with a height different from the thickness of the basic elastic pad is passed through the through hole. Although the fastener has excellent vibration reduction and noise reduction effects, it has not been widely mass-produced and applied. It mainly has problems such as easy wear of the middle non-metallic frame and the inevitable assembly gap leading to insufficient constraint of the upper iron pad. In addition, the vibration reduction fastener is difficult to assemble on site, which is not conducive to its promotion and use.

[0012] The prior art patent with publication number CN208055765U discloses a rail vibration damping fastener with separately controlled lateral stiffness and vertical stiffness, such as Figure 2 As shown, in the transverse direction of the rail vibration damping fastener, that is, between the shoulder of the base iron pad and the outer wall of the floating iron pad, a lateral constraint body is sandwiched. The lateral constraint body is a layered structure, including a first metal plate and a second metal plate arranged oppositely on both sides, and a rubber layer and a metal plate sandwiched between the first metal plate and the second metal plate, and the rubber layer and the metal plate are vulcanized into one. In the longitudinal direction of the rail vibration damping fastener, that is, on the bottom plate of the base iron pad, a longitudinal limit platform is provided. The floating iron pad has a longitudinal limit groove connected to the longitudinal limit platform, and an insulating wear-resistant sleeve is sleeved on the longitudinal limit platform. Although the transverse stiffness and vertical stiffness of the fastener are controlled separately, it has good vibration isolation performance while ensuring driving safety. However, there are too many assembly parts, and they all need to be assembled on site, which causes great difficulties in on-site construction. The transverse stiffness is difficult to effectively control. The bottom plate and the retaining edge are generally cast. The casting tolerance makes it difficult to control the stiffness of the lateral constraint body, or other processing methods are used, resulting in excessively high production costs. Summary of the invention

[0013] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a frame-type vibration-damping fastener system to solve the problems in the prior art that the medium vibration-damping fastener has too high installation height, complicated on-site assembly process, high vertical stiffness, and difficult replacement of the middle elastic layer.

[0014] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0015] A vibration-damping fastener system includes a lower pad, an upper pad, and an intermediate elastic layer. The lower pad is set to a frame-type structure, the middle of the lower pad is set to be hollow, the intermediate elastic layer and the upper pad are installed in the frame of the lower pad, and a gap is formed between the outer sides of the left and right ends of the upper pad and the inner sides of the left and right ends of the lower pad, and a wedge-shaped plug is installed in the gap. The upper pad and the lower pad are locked by the wedge-shaped plug to limit the lateral and longitudinal displacement of the upper pad, and the lower pad is set to a frame structure to reduce the overall height of the fastener, so as to be consistent with ordinary fasteners.

[0016] Furthermore, the wedge-shaped plug locks the upper pad and the lower pad by means of an upper locking or a lower locking method.

[0017] Furthermore, the middle elastic layer includes a bottom plate body and a flange, the flange is arranged at the front and rear edges of the middle elastic layer, and the flange separates the front and rear sides of the upper pad from the lower pad. The flange of the middle elastic layer plays a role of restrained damping, improving the vibration reduction and noise reduction effect of the fastener as a whole, and the middle elastic layer is set as an integrated structure, which is located in the frame of the lower pad as a whole, and is tightly matched with the upper pad and the lower pad without causing mutual interference. At the same time, it cooperates with the wedge-shaped plug to reduce the wear on the middle elastic layer, increase the service life, and facilitate replacement.

[0018] Furthermore, the lower pad is provided with retaining edges around it, the retaining edges form a frame-type structure, retaining shoulders are provided on the left and right sides of the retaining edges, the retaining shoulders protrude upward, the upper pad and the middle elastic layer are installed in the space surrounded by the lower pad, and the wedge-shaped plug is installed between the left and right ends of the upper pad and the retaining shoulders. An installation space is provided for the wedge-shaped plug, so that the wedge-shaped plug and the upper and lower pads form a locking installation structure to limit the lateral and longitudinal displacement of the upper pad.

[0019] Furthermore, the inner side surfaces of the shoulder blocks at the left and right ends of the lower pad are set as first inclined surfaces, and the inclination of the first inclined surface matches the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped plug block. This has a limiting guiding function for the installation of the wedge-shaped plug block, guiding the wedge-shaped plug block to be installed from top to bottom, while preventing the upper pad plate from lateral displacement.

[0020] Furthermore, a second step is provided at the left and right ends of the upper pad, a third step is provided at the left and right ends of the middle elastic layer, a first step is provided on the inner side of the left and right ends of the lower pad, the lower surface of the second step cooperates with the third step, and the lower surface of the third step cooperates with the first step.

[0021] Furthermore, the first step is located near the shoulder of the lower pad, and the side of the first step away from the shoulder is set as a second inclined surface.

[0022] Furthermore, limiting grooves are provided at the left and right ends of the upper pad, the depth of the limiting grooves is less than the thickness of the left and right ends of the upper pad, the limiting grooves cooperate with the wedge-shaped plugs, and the lower bottom surface of the limiting grooves supports and fixes the wedge-shaped plugs.

[0023] Furthermore, the wedge-shaped plug includes a plug body and a protrusion, wherein the protrusion is arranged on a side of the plug body away from the shoulder of the lower pad, and a side surface of the plug body close to the shoulder is arranged as a third inclined surface.

[0024] Furthermore, the upper surface of the protrusion is flush with the upper surface of the block body, the thickness of the protrusion is less than the thickness of the block body, a fourth step is formed between the protrusion and the block body, the protrusion is inserted into the limiting groove of the upper pad, and the lower surface of the protrusion cooperates with the bottom surface of the limiting groove.

[0025] The vibration-damping fastener system of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The wedge-shaped plug locks the upper pad and the lower pad to limit the lateral and longitudinal displacement of the upper pad, and the lower pad is set as a frame structure so that the vibration-damping fastener has a low installation height, and the installation height can be consistent with that of ordinary fasteners. The anchor bolts of the vibration-damping fasteners are consistent with those of ordinary fasteners. The middle elastic pad does not need to be replaced without removing the anchor bolts. The vibration-damping fastener is given a smaller lateral displacement of the rail head while meeting a smaller vertical stiffness. That is, the track system has better safety performance while meeting better vibration reduction performance.

[0027] Before construction, the upper pad, the middle elastic layer and the lower pad are assembled together from top to bottom, and the above components are connected into one body by connecting pieces passing through the wedge-shaped plugs to form a pre-assembled body, thereby simplifying the on-site construction process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a split nested high-elastic rail fastener in the prior art;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rail vibration-damping fastener with separately controlled transverse and vertical stiffness in the prior art;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural isometric view of a vibration-damping fastener system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 A top view of the structure of the vibration-damping fastener system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is an isometric view of the pre-assembled structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5a A top view of the preassembled structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5b for Figure 5a Middle AA section view;

[0035] Figure 5c for Figure 5b A partial enlarged view of the dotted line portion;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the middle elastic layer in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the middle elastic layer from another perspective in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom pad in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the upper pad structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the upper pad from another perspective in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the wedge-shaped plug structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.12 It is a schematic structural diagram of a wedge-shaped plug from another perspective in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wear-resistant sheet in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Description of reference numerals:

[0045] Lower pad 1, retaining edge 10, shoulder 11, first inclined surface 111, first step 12, first through hole 121, second inclined surface 122, anchor bolt hole 13, upper pad 2, second step 21, limiting groove 22, spring bar seat 23, second through hole 24, notch 25, middle elastic layer 3, bottom plate body 30, flange 31, third step 32, connecting plate 33, third through hole 34, wedge-shaped plug 4, plug body 40, fourth step 41, convex block 42, third inclined surface 43, fourth through hole 44, wear-resistant sheet 5, sheet body 51, convex 52, limiting portion 53, bolt kit 6, spring bar 7, anchor bolt 8 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] like Figures 3 to 13 As shown, this embodiment provides a frame-type double-layer vibration-damping fastener system for increasing the lateral stability of the rail, the fastener system includes a lower pad 1, an upper pad 2, an intermediate elastic layer 3, anchor bolts 8 and a rail, and the anchor bolts 8 fix the fastener system to the sleeper or the ballast bed foundation through the lower pad 1. The lower pad 1 is set as a frame-type structure, the middle of the lower pad 1 is set as a hollow, the intermediate elastic layer 3 and the upper pad 2 are installed in the frame of the lower pad 1, and a gap is formed between the outer sides of the left and right ends of the upper pad 2 and the inner sides of the left and right ends of the lower pad 1. A wedge-shaped plug 4 is installed in the gap, and the upper pad and the lower pad are locked by the wedge-shaped plug to limit the lateral and longitudinal displacement of the upper pad 2 and improve the lateral stability of the rail head.

[0048] Before construction, the upper pad 2, the middle elastic layer 3, and the lower pad 1 are assembled from top to bottom. The frame-type lower pad 1 is matched with two wedge-shaped plugs 4 on both sides of the length direction, and the above components are connected into one body by connecting parts through the wedge-shaped plugs to form a preassembled body. During on-site construction, the fastener system is fixed to the sleeper or ballast foundation through the lower pad with anchor bolts. The hollow lower pad structure reduces the overall height of the fastener and ensures the overall smoothness of the line. The pre-assembled structure simplifies the on-site construction process, and the anchor bolts are not directly connected to the upper pad and the middle elastic layer. The anchor bolts are only connected to the lower pad, shortening the length of the anchor bolts and improving their compatibility with other types of fasteners.

[0049] It should be noted that, as shown in the figure, the length direction of the fastener in the present invention is defined as the left-right direction, and the width direction of the fastener is defined as the front-back direction, wherein the left-right direction is perpendicular to the rail, and the front-back direction is parallel to the direction in which the rail extends.

[0050] As part of this embodiment, the intermediate elastic layer 3 is arranged between the lower pad 1 and the upper pad 2, and plays the role of insulation and vibration reduction. The intermediate elastic layer 3 includes a base plate body 30 and a flange 31. The flange 31 is arranged at the front and rear edges of the intermediate elastic layer 3. The flange 31 extends upward perpendicular to the base plate body 30 and wraps around the front and rear sides of the upper pad 2, separating the upper pad 2 from the front and rear sides of the lower pad 1. At the same time, the flange of the intermediate elastic layer 3 plays the role of constrained damping, thereby improving the overall vibration reduction and noise reduction effect of the fastener.

[0051] Furthermore, third steps 32 are provided at the left and right ends of the middle elastic layer 3, and the third steps 32 cooperate with the lower pad 1 at the lower part of the middle elastic layer 3 and the upper pad 2 at the upper part. It plays a role in limiting the torsion of the upper pad in the extreme process. The transition surface between the third step 32 and the bottom plate body 30 is provided as a connecting plate 33, and the upper and lower surfaces of the connecting plate 33 are both provided as inclined surfaces, so as to facilitate the cooperation and fixation of the middle elastic layer with the upper and lower pads. At the same time, the third step 32 is provided to provide a fulcrum for the fixation of the middle elastic layer 3.

[0052] Preferably, a nail column is provided on the middle elastic layer 3 to increase the friction between the middle elastic layer and the upper and lower pads, further preventing the middle elastic layer 3 and the upper and lower pads from being misaligned, and the provision of the nail column can reduce the overall vertical stiffness of the fastener.

[0053] Furthermore, a third through hole 34 is provided on the third step 32 for the connection member to pass through. The position of the third through hole 34 can be adjusted according to the size of the middle elastic layer 3. Preferably, the third through hole 34 can also be provided at the edge of the third step 32, or even the third through hole 34 can be provided only as a semicircular slot.

[0054] As part of this embodiment, side guards 10 are arranged around the lower pad 1 to form a frame-type structure. Shoulders 11 are arranged on the left and right sides of the side guards 10, and the shoulders 11 protrude and extend upward. The upper pad 2 and the middle elastic layer 3 are installed in the space surrounded by the lower pad 1. Wedge-shaped plugs 4 are arranged between the left and right ends of the upper pad 2 and the shoulders 11 of the lower pad 1. The lateral and longitudinal displacements of the upper pad 2 are limited by the cooperation of the locking wedge-shaped plugs 4 and the shoulders 11.

[0055] Furthermore, the inner side surface of the shoulder 11 is set as a first inclined surface 111, and the inclination of the first inclined surface 111 is consistent with the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped plug block 4, which has a limiting and guiding function for the installation of the wedge-shaped plug block 4, guiding the wedge-shaped plug block to be installed from top to bottom, and avoiding lateral displacement of the upper pad 2.

[0056] Furthermore, first steps 12 are provided on the inner sides of the left and right ends of the lower pad 1. The first steps 12 are located near the shoulder 11, that is, the first steps 12 are located at the ends corresponding to the wedge-shaped plug 4. A first through hole 121 is provided on the first step 12. The first through hole 121 is matched with the third through hole 34 of the middle elastic layer 3 and the wedge-shaped plug 4 through a connecting piece. The provision of the first step 12 plays a role in fixing the middle elastic layer 3, thereby increasing its limiting and fixing capability for the middle elastic layer.

[0057] Preferably, the side of the first step 12 away from the shoulder 11 is provided as a second inclined surface 122, and the second inclined surface 122 cooperates with the lower surface of the connecting plate 33 of the middle elastic layer to avoid stress concentration and damage to the middle elastic layer.

[0058] Furthermore, two anchor bolt holes 13 are provided on the lower pad 1. The anchor bolt holes 13 are provided on the outside of the retaining edge 10. The two anchor bolt holes 13 are diagonally arranged. The anchor bolts pass through the anchor bolt holes 13 to fix the lower pad 1 to the ballast bed or sleeper, thereby fixing the fastener system as a whole.

[0059] As part of this embodiment, a gap is left between the left and right sides of the upper pad 2 and the inner side of the shoulder 11 of the lower pad 1, and the wedge-shaped plug 4 is installed in the gap. Second steps 21 are provided at the left and right ends of the upper pad 2, and the lower surface of the second step 21 cooperates with the third step 32 of the middle elastic layer 3, which plays a role in limiting and guiding the installation of the upper pad 2. At the same time, the second step 21 is pressed on the third step 32 of the middle elastic layer 3, which plays a further role in fixing the middle elastic layer 3.

[0060] Furthermore, limit grooves 22 are provided at the left and right ends of the upper pad 2, and the depth of the limit grooves 22 is less than the thickness of the left and right ends of the upper pad 2. The limit grooves 22 cooperate with the wedge-shaped plug 4, and the lower bottom surface of the limit grooves 22 supports and fixes the wedge-shaped plug 4. The front and rear sides of the limit grooves 22 can prevent the wedge-shaped plug from moving forward and backward, and play a role of front and rear limiting and fixing the wedge-shaped plug.

[0061] Furthermore, a second through hole 24 is provided inside the limiting groove 22, and the second through hole 24 cooperates with the first through hole 121 and the third through hole 34, and a connecting piece is used to connect the wedge-shaped plug 4 with the upper pad 2, the middle elastic layer 3, and the lower pad 1 to form a preassembled body.

[0062] Furthermore, two diagonal notches 25 are provided on the upper pad 2, and the notches 25 correspond to the anchor bolt holes 13 of the lower pad 1, so that there is no direct fixed connection between the upper pad 2 and the ballast bed and the sleeper, which facilitates pre-assembly. A spring bar seat 23 is provided on the top of the upper pad 2, and the spring bar seat 23 is provided at both ends of the upper pad 2 corresponding to the wedge plug 4, and the spring bar seat 23 cooperates with the spring bar 7 to fix the rail foot. At the same time, a gauge block is provided on the upper surface of the rail foot, and the spring bar presses the rail foot through the gauge block.

[0063] As part of this embodiment, a fourth step 41 is provided at the inner upper portion of the wedge-shaped plug 4. There is only one fourth step 41, which is provided at the middle position of the inner side surface of the wedge-shaped plug.

[0064] Furthermore, the wedge-shaped plug 4 includes a plug body 40 and a protrusion 42, wherein the protrusion 42 is arranged on the side of the plug body 40 away from the shoulder 11, and the side of the plug body 40 close to the shoulder 11 is arranged as a third inclined surface 43, and the third inclined surface 43 has the same inclination angle as the first inclined surface 111 of the shoulder 11 and fits with each other, which plays a role of limiting and guiding the installation of the wedge-shaped plug 4. Preferably, the inclination angle of the third inclined surface is 0 to 90 degrees.

[0065] The upper surface of the protrusion 42 is flush with the upper surface of the plug body 40, and the thickness of the protrusion 42 is less than the thickness of the plug body 40. A fourth step 41 is formed between the protrusion 42 and the plug body 40. The protrusion 42 is inserted into the limiting groove 22, and the lower surface of the protrusion 42 cooperates with the bottom surface of the limiting groove 22, so that after the wedge-shaped plug 4 is installed, it can not only prevent the upper pad from moving left and right, but also prevent the upper pad from moving forward and backward, thereby preventing the upper pad from twisting in all directions.

[0066] Furthermore, a fourth through hole 44 is provided on the wedge-shaped plug 4 , and the fourth through hole 44 is provided concentrically with the first through hole 121 on the first step 12 , for allowing the connecting member to pass through.

[0067] The front and rear sides of the wedge-shaped plug 4 cooperate with the front and rear sides of the first step 12 of the lower pad to jointly limit the torsion of the upper pad. Preferably, the wedge-shaped plug 4 can be set to an elastic material or a rigid material.

[0068] As part of this embodiment, a wear-resistant sheet 5 is provided between the wedge-shaped plug block 4 and the upper pad 2, and the provision of the wear-resistant sheet may also be omitted. Preferably, the wear-resistant sheet 5 is filled between the side surface in the length direction of the upper pad 2 and the vertical surface of the wedge-shaped plug block 4. The material of the wear-resistant sheet 5 is stainless steel. When the upper pad moves up and down during the fatigue process of the vibration-damping fastener, the wear-resistant sheet plays a role in wear resistance and reducing resistance.

[0069] Furthermore, the wear-resistant sheet 5 includes a sheet body 51, a convex bump 52 and a stopper 53. The sheet body 51 is arranged on both sides of the convex bump 52. The convex bump 52 protrudes and extends in a direction away from the shoulder 11. The convex bump 52 wraps around the side of the convex block 42 to reduce the friction resistance between the wedge-shaped plug and the stopper groove of the upper pad. The stopper 53 is formed at the lower part of the convex bump 52 to prevent the wear-resistant sheet from moving upward.

[0070] Preferably, the wear-resistant sheet 5 in this embodiment is configured as an integrally formed structure for easy processing and manufacturing.

[0071] Furthermore, the preassembled body includes a lower pad 1, an intermediate elastic layer 3, an upper pad 2, a wedge-shaped plug 4, a wear-resistant sheet 5, and a bolt kit 6, which are convenient for on-site construction. At the same time, the intermediate elastic layer 3 is arranged between the upper pad 2 and the lower pad 1, so that the upper pad 2 and the lower pad 1 have no direct contact, thereby reducing the vertical stiffness.

[0072] As part of this embodiment, the connecting piece is set as a bolt kit or other available connecting piece. Preferably, the connecting piece is set as a bolt kit, and the bolt kit 6 includes a hexagonal bolt, a flat washer, an elastic washer and a nut. Each accessory adopts a national standard part, which is convenient for pre-assembly of the fastener system, convenient for disassembling the bolt kit to replace the middle elastic layer, and convenient for replacing each component in the bolt kit. During the fatigue process of the fastener, the side surface of the upper iron plate in the transverse direction and the inner side surface of the wedge-shaped plug block rub against each other. The hardness of the plug block is lower than that of the iron pad, and the plug block will be worn away by a certain thickness. The elastic gasket (heavy spring) of the hexagonal bolt set is always in an elastic state, which will cause the plug block to sink a certain distance. The wedge surface will ensure that the wedge block moves inward, thereby ensuring that the side surface of the upper iron plate in the transverse direction and the inner side surface of the wedge-shaped plug block always keep in contact, thereby ensuring that the fastener has a stable and high transverse stiffness.

[0073] Furthermore, a rail lower plate 9 is provided on the upper part of the upper pad 2, and a coupling pad 14 is provided on the lower part of the lower pad 1. The rail lower plate 9, the middle elastic layer 3 and the coupling pad 14 cooperate with each other to further reduce the vertical stiffness of the fastener system. At the same time, the coupling pad 14 can also be used to adjust the height of the fastener as a whole to improve the overall applicability of the fastener.

[0074] As an embodiment of the present invention, the bolt kit in the preassembly can also be set to two bolts, and correspondingly, the first through hole 121, the second through hole 24, the third through hole 34, and the fourth through hole 44 are all set to two, thereby increasing the connection stability between the wedge plug and other parts in the preassembly.

[0075] As one of the embodiments of the present invention, in this embodiment, the preassembled body can also be configured as a bottom-locking structure, that is, the wedge-shaped plug is installed from the bottom into the gap between the upper pad and the lower pad.

[0076] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A vibration-damping fastener system, comprising a lower pad (1), an upper pad (2), and an intermediate elastic layer (3), characterized in that: The lower pad (1) is configured as a frame-type structure, the middle of the lower pad (1) is configured as a hollow structure, the middle elastic layer (3) and the upper pad (2) are installed in the frame of the lower pad (1), a gap is formed between the outer sides of the left and right ends of the upper pad (2) and the inner sides of the left and right ends of the lower pad (1), a wedge-shaped plug (4) is installed in the gap, and limiting grooves (22) are provided at the left and right ends of the upper pad (2), the depth of the limiting grooves (22) is less than the thickness of the left and right ends of the upper pad (2), and the limiting grooves (22) play a role in supporting, fixing and front and rear limiting the wedge-shaped plug, the wedge-shaped plug (4) uses an upper locking or lower locking method to lock the upper pad (2) and the lower pad (1), and the anchor bolts (8) pass through the lower pad (1) to fix the fastener system to the sleeper or the ballast bed foundation.

2. The vibration damping fastener system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intermediate elastic layer (3) comprises a base plate body (30) and a flange (31), wherein the flange (31) is arranged at the front and rear edges of the intermediate elastic layer (3), and the flange (31) separates the front and rear sides of the upper pad (2) from the lower pad (1).

3. The vibration damping fastener system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower pad (1) is provided with retaining edges (10) around it, and the retaining edges (10) form a frame-type structure. Retaining shoulders (11) are provided on the left and right sides of the retaining edges (10), and the retaining shoulders (11) protrude and extend upward. The upper pad (2) and the middle elastic layer (3) are installed in the space surrounded by the lower pad (1), and the wedge-shaped plug (4) is installed between the left and right ends of the upper pad (2) and the retaining shoulders (11).

4. The vibration-damping fastener system according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The inner side surfaces of the shoulders (11) at the left and right ends of the lower pad (1) are arranged as first inclined surfaces (111), and the inclination of the first inclined surface (111) matches the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped plug (4).

5. The vibration-damping fastener system according to claim 1, wherein: A second step (21) is provided at the left and right ends of the upper pad (2), a third step (32) is provided at the left and right ends of the middle elastic layer (3), and a first step (12) is provided on the inner sides of the left and right ends of the lower pad (1); the lower surface of the second step (21) cooperates with the third step (32), and the lower surface of the third step (32) cooperates with the first step (12).

6. The vibration-damping fastener system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first step (12) is located at a position close to the shoulder (11) of the lower pad (1), and the side surface of the first step (12) away from the shoulder (11) is arranged as a second inclined surface (122).

7. The vibration-damping fastener system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting groove (22) cooperates with the wedge-shaped plug block (4), and the lower bottom surface of the limiting groove (22) supports and fixes the wedge-shaped plug block (4).

8. The vibration-damping fastener system according to claim 1, wherein: The wedge-shaped plug (4) comprises a plug body (40) and a protrusion (42), wherein the protrusion (42) is arranged on a side of the plug body (40) away from the shoulder (11) of the lower pad (1), and the side surface of the plug body (40) close to the shoulder (11) is arranged as a third inclined surface (43).

9. The vibration-damping fastener system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The upper surface of the protrusion (42) is flush with the upper surface of the plug body (40); the thickness of the protrusion (42) is less than the thickness of the plug body (40); a fourth step (41) is formed between the protrusion (42) and the plug body (40); the protrusion (42) is inserted into the limiting groove (22) of the upper pad (2); and the lower surface of the protrusion (42) cooperates with the bottom surface of the limiting groove (22).

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