A floating wind turbine with intelligent tuned multi-liquid column damper system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a floating wind turbine with an intelligent tuning multi-liquid column damper system, including a floating wind turbine and an intelligent tuning multi-liquid column damper system including a tuning multi-liquid column damper, a data collector, a signal processor and an actuation controller; the damper includes a plurality of vertical and horizontal pipes interconnected with each other; the data collector includes a wave height meter installed in the vertical pipe, a float acceleration sensor, an inclination sensor and a displacement sensor placed on the top of the wind turbine; the signal processor includes a high-frequency filter, a wave recognition, an intelligent frequency modulation and an emergency processing module; the actuation controller controls the operation of the pumping pump and the suction pump through a switching power supply, and adjusts the position of the moving bulkhead and the porous medium layer by controlling the positive and negative rotation of the rotating shaft and the pulley, so as to keep the damper self-vibration period consistent with the external wave in real time, so as to maximize the damper effect. The present invention can effectively improve the stability and safety of the floating wind turbine, and reduce the operation and maintenance costs of the wind turbine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of marine engineering, and in particular to a floating fan with an intelligently tuned multi-liquid column damper system. Background Art

[0002] As an important renewable energy source, offshore wind power is close to energy consumption centers and does not occupy land resources, so it has developed rapidly in recent years. However, as the operating water depth continues to increase to deep sea areas with rich resources (water depth greater than 50m), traditional bottom-fixed wind turbines are not feasible, and more economical and flexible offshore floating wind turbines have become the best choice.

[0003] The dynamic characteristics of floating wind turbines are relatively complex. Under the action of wind, wave and current loads, the continuous swing of the floating body will reduce the power generation quality of the wind turbine, affect the service life of the wind turbine, and aggravate the fatigue damage of the platform. As a passive damping device, the tuned liquid damper absorbs the energy generated by the movement of the structure and reacts this part of the energy to the structure through its own liquid sloshing to achieve vibration control. The tuned liquid damper has the advantages of low cost, convenient maintenance, and no need for external energy input. Through reasonable frequency modulation and optimization, it can achieve a good vibration reduction effect. However, in a complex marine environment, the angle of wind and waves is multi-directional, and the wave spectrum belongs to broadband excitation. Traditional tuned liquid dampers do not have the ability to cope with changes in direction and adjust the vibration reduction frequency band. Although the frequency modulation effect of the diaphragm that has emerged in recent years is significant, the adjustable frequency points are very limited, and the high-order sloshing modes caused by the change of the solid ratio of the diaphragm will lead to negative excitation; the semi-active frequency modulation of the damper can also be achieved by using auxiliary equipment such as magnetorheological fluid, but its cost and maintenance cost are high and require a stable power supply, which is not practical for deep-sea floating wind turbines. Therefore, how to realize intelligent frequency modulation of tuned liquid dampers in the deep sea using small amounts of energy and at low cost is an issue that urgently needs in-depth research. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a floating wind turbine with an intelligently tuned multi-liquid column damper system, which can identify the surrounding wave environment conditions, realize the intelligent frequency modulation of the damper of the floating wind turbine under the excitation of the wide-band wave spectrum, and effectively improve the hydrodynamic performance of the offshore floating wind turbine platform. At the same time, the present invention is equipped with an emergency treatment module, which solves the problem of large swings of the wind turbine under extreme wind and wave conditions, reduces the fatigue damage of the structure and ensures the normal operation of the wind turbine. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0005] A floating wind turbine with an intelligent tuned multi-liquid column damper system comprises a floating wind turbine body and an intelligent tuned multi-liquid column damper system arranged on the floating wind turbine body; the intelligent tuned multi-liquid column damper system comprises a tuned multi-liquid column damper, a data collector, a signal processor and an actuation controller;

[0006] The tuned multi-liquid column damper is arranged at the lower part of the floating fan body, and comprises a plurality of vertical pipes and horizontal pipes which are interconnected and have damping liquid inside;

[0007] The data collector includes a wave height meter, a float acceleration sensor, an inclination sensor and a displacement sensor. A wave height meter is installed inside each vertical pipe; the float acceleration sensor floats in the water; the inclination sensor and the displacement sensor are respectively installed on the top of the floating wind turbine body; the data collector transmits the real-time data of the height of the liquid column in the tuned multi-liquid column damper, the external wave frequency, and the rotation and displacement of the floating wind turbine to the signal processor;

[0008] The signal processor includes a high-frequency filtering module, a wave recognition module, an intelligent frequency modulation module and an emergency processing module; the high-frequency wave module converts the time domain signal of the data into a frequency domain signal through fast Fourier transform, removes the high-frequency signal above 5Hz and returns the filtered time domain signal through inverse Fourier transform; the wave recognition module continuously integrates the vertical acceleration signal obtained by the float acceleration sensor to obtain the displacement signal of the movement, and then obtains the main frequency of the external wave through fast Fourier transform; the intelligent frequency modulation module solves the scale parameters of the tuned multi-liquid column damper through real-time iteration to make its natural frequency consistent with the external wave frequency; the emergency processing module takes measures when detecting abnormal rotation angle and displacement of the floating wind turbine. Take emergency measures; the actuation controller is electrically driven, controls the operation of the water pump and the water suction pump through a switching power supply, and adjusts the position of the movable bulkhead and the porous medium layer by controlling the positive and negative rotation of the rotating shaft and the pulley respectively, so as to keep the natural vibration period of the tuned multi-liquid column damper consistent with the external wave in real time, thereby maximizing the damper effect; the water pump and the water suction pump are connected to the liquid storage device and the tuned multi-liquid column damper, and the average water level in each vertical pipe, that is, the length of the internal liquid column, is adjusted under the control of the intelligent frequency modulation module; the push rod is fixed to the outer wall of the vertical pipe by the rotating shaft, and the movable bulkhead is pushed by rotation. The push rod is connected to the movable bulkhead by a follower shaft, thereby changing the cross-sectional area A of the vertical pipe v ; The pulley controls the height of the porous medium layer through the suspension rope.

[0009] Preferably, the number of the vertical pipes and the number of the horizontal pipes are 3 respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the mass of the damping liquid is 1% to 5% of the total mass of the floating fan body. Preferably, the mass of the damping liquid is 2% of the total mass of the floating fan body.

[0011] Furthermore, the wave height meter runs through the entire vertical pipe 3 in the length direction, and its length is at least not less than the length of the vertical pipe. Preferably, the wave height meter runs through the entire vertical pipe 3 in the length direction, and its length is 32m. Furthermore, the intelligent frequency modulation module solves the scale parameters of the tuned multi-liquid column damper through real-time iteration to make its natural frequency consistent with the external wave frequency. The natural frequency is: In the formula, A v and A h are the cross-sectional areas of the vertical and horizontal pipes, respectively, L v and L h are the lengths of the liquid columns in the vertical and horizontal pipes respectively, and g is the acceleration due to gravity; v The size can be adjusted by adjusting the movable bulkhead, L v The length of the liquid column can be adjusted by the suction pump and the suction pump.

[0012] Furthermore, the emergency processing module takes the following emergency measures when it is detected that the rotation angle of the floating wind turbine is greater than 10° and the displacement is greater than 8m: a porous medium layer is sunk into the vertical pipe.

[0013] Specifically, the porous medium layer is made of an elastic compressible solid material containing a certain number of holes, and the boundaries of the holes include pillars or plates.

[0014] Preferably, the porous medium layer is made of nylon threads compressed into blocks.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The present invention is aimed at the spatial layout of the floating wind turbine platform, can identify the excitation parameters of the external wind and wave environment, and intelligently adjust the natural frequency of the damper, thereby effectively improving the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine set, reducing structural fatigue damage, and ensuring the service life of the floating wind turbine.

[0017] 1. The intelligent frequency modulation module of the present invention utilizes a float sensor to identify the excitation frequency of external waves, and realizes intelligent real-time adjustment of the natural frequency of the tuned multi-liquid column damper by controlling the position of the movable bulkhead and the height of the vertical liquid column. While maintaining the high damping performance of the damper, its vibration reduction frequency band is broadened, thus overcoming the defect of the single vibration reduction frequency band of traditional damping equipment.

[0018] 2. The damping system of the present invention is also equipped with an emergency treatment module, which utilizes the turbulent energy dissipation properties of porous medium eddy currents to suppress the large swing of the wind turbine under extreme wind and wave conditions, thereby improving the stability and safety of the offshore floating wind turbine and reducing the operation and maintenance costs of the wind turbine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an intelligent tuning multi-liquid column damper system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the semi-active tuned multi-liquid column damper of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure, 1-floating fan body, 2-tuned multi-liquid column damper, 3-vertical pipe, 4-horizontal pipe, 5-damping liquid, 6-wave height meter, 7-float acceleration sensor, 8-tilt sensor, 9-displacement sensor, 10-water pump, 11-water suction pump, 12-pulley, 13-push rod, 14-suspension rope, 15-rotating shaft, 16-following shaft, 17-moving bulkhead, 18-porous medium layer, 19-load block, 20-liquid storage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a floating wind turbine with an intelligent tuned multi-liquid column damper system includes a floating wind turbine body 1 and an intelligent tuned multi-liquid column damper system arranged on the floating wind turbine body. The system includes a tuned multi-liquid column damper 2, a data collector, a signal processor and an actuation controller, and its power supply is provided by the wind turbine platform's own power generation system. The tuned multi-liquid column damper 2 is arranged at the lower part of the floating wind turbine body 1, including a plurality of vertical pipes 3 and horizontal pipes 4 of the same number and interconnected, preferably three vertical pipes 3 and horizontal pipes 4. The vertical pipes 3 and horizontal pipes 4 contain damping liquid 5. The damping liquid 5 is generally selected from seawater that is easy to obtain, and other liquids with different densities and viscosities can also be selected as alternatives. Its mass is 1% to 5% of the total mass of the floating wind turbine body 1, and the preferred value is 2%, to ensure that it does not affect the self-inertia of the floating wind turbine body 1.

[0025] The data collector includes a wave height meter 6, a float acceleration sensor 7, an inclination sensor 8, and a displacement sensor 9. The three wave height meters 6 are respectively installed inside the vertical pipe 3 to monitor the level changes of the three liquid columns, so as to obtain the damping force cycle provided by the tuned multi-liquid column damper 2 in real time. The wave height meter runs through the entire vertical pipe 3 in the length direction, and its length is at least not less than the length of the vertical pipe, and the preferred length is 32m; the float acceleration sensor 7 floats in the water and is used to measure the external wave frequency of the floating wind turbine body 1; the inclination sensor 8 and the displacement sensor 9 are installed on the top of the floating wind turbine body 1 to obtain the real-time displacement and rotation data of the floating wind turbine body 1.

[0026] The data collector transmits the real-time data of the height of the liquid column in the tuned multi-liquid column damper 2, the external wave frequency, and the rotation and displacement of the floating wind turbine to the signal processor.

[0027] The signal processor includes a high-frequency filtering module, a wave recognition module, an intelligent frequency modulation module, and an emergency processing module. The liquid level changes, wave excitations, and platform responses in the water area are all low-frequency motions, and the transmitted data often contain interference from high-frequency signals. Therefore, the high-frequency wave module first converts the time domain signal of the data into a frequency domain signal through fast Fourier transform, removes high-frequency signals above 5Hz, and uses inverse Fourier transform to return the filtered time domain signal; the wave recognition module continuously integrates the vertical acceleration signal obtained by the float acceleration sensor 7 to obtain the displacement signal of the motion, and then obtains the main frequency of the external wave through fast Fourier transform; the intelligent frequency modulation module solves the scale parameters of the tuned multi-liquid column damper 2 through real-time iteration to make its natural frequency consistent with the external wave frequency. The natural frequency of the tuned multi-liquid column damper 2 is: In the formula, A v and A h are the cross-sectional areas of the vertical pipe 3 and the horizontal pipe 4, respectively, v and L h are the lengths of the liquid columns in the vertical pipe 3 and the horizontal pipe 4, respectively, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and A v The size can be adjusted by adjusting the movable bulkhead 17, L v The length of the liquid column can be adjusted by the water pump 10 and the water suction pump 11; the emergency processing module takes emergency measures after detecting that the rotation angle of the floating wind turbine is greater than 10° and the displacement is greater than 8m, sinking the porous medium layer 18 into the vertical pipe 3, and using eddy turbulence to dissipate the mechanical energy of the entire floating wind turbine body 1, thereby playing a role in emergency protection.

[0028] The actuation controller is electrically driven, and controls the operation of the water pump 10 and the water suction pump 11 through a switching power supply. In addition, the actuation controller adjusts the position of the movable bulkhead 17 and the porous medium layer 18 by controlling the positive and negative rotation of the rotating shaft 15 and the pulley 12, respectively, so as to keep the natural vibration period of the tuned multi-liquid column damper 2 consistent with the external wave in real time, thereby maximizing the damper effect. The water pump 10 and the water suction pump 11 are connected to the liquid storage 20 and the tuned multi-liquid column damper 2, and are controlled by the intelligent frequency modulation module to adjust the average water level in the three vertical pipes 3, that is, the length L of the liquid column in the vertical pipe 3. v The push rod 13 is fixed to the outer wall of the vertical pipe 3 by the rotating shaft 15, and the movable bulkhead 17 is pushed by the rotation. The push rod 13 and the movable bulkhead 17 are connected by the follower shaft 16, the purpose of which is to change the cross-sectional area A of the vertical pipe 3 v The pulley 12 controls the height of the porous medium layer 18 through the suspension rope 14. The porous medium layer 18 is an elastic compressible solid material containing a certain number of holes. The boundaries of the holes are composed of pillars or plates. In the present invention, nylon threads compressed into blocks are selected. Normally, the porous medium layer 18 is located 5m above the water surface of the liquid column. As the movement of the floating fan body 1 intensifies, the height of the porous medium layer 18 continues to decrease, and its energy consumption effect continues to increase with the increase of the immersed volume, thereby suppressing the large-scale movement of the floating fan body 1.

[0029] In summary, a floating wind turbine with an intelligent tuning multi-liquid column damper system according to the present invention can identify external wave conditions, adjust the natural frequency of the damper itself through the intelligent frequency modulation system, and realize the motion control of the floating wind turbine platform under the excitation of a wide-band wave spectrum. Its emergency processing module can effectively suppress the large swing of the wind turbine under extreme wind and wave conditions. In addition, the intelligent tuning multi-liquid column damper has good directionality, convenient construction, and low construction cost. The intelligent frequency modulation function can be realized through only a small amount of energy input, which provides an effective and feasible new way for vibration reduction and sway suppression of offshore floating wind turbines.

Claims

1. A floating wind turbine with an intelligent tuned multi-liquid column damper system, characterized in that: It comprises a floating wind turbine body (1), and an intelligent tuned multi-liquid column damper system arranged on the floating wind turbine body (1); the intelligent tuned multi-liquid column damper system comprises a tuned multi-liquid column damper (2), a data collector, a signal processor and an actuation controller; The tuned multi-liquid column damper (2) is arranged at the lower part of the floating fan body (1), and comprises a plurality of vertical pipes (3) and horizontal pipes (4) which are interconnected and have damping liquid (5) inside. The data collector comprises a wave height meter (6), a float acceleration sensor (7), an inclination sensor (8) and a displacement sensor (9); one wave height meter (6) is installed inside each vertical pipe (3); the float acceleration sensor (7) floats in the water; the inclination sensor (8) and the displacement sensor (9) are respectively installed on the top of the floating wind turbine body (1); the data collector transmits the real-time data of the height of the liquid column in the tuned multi-liquid column damper (2), the external wave frequency, and the rotation and displacement of the floating wind turbine to the signal processor; The signal processor comprises a high-frequency filtering module, a wave recognition module, an intelligent frequency modulation module and an emergency processing module; the high-frequency filtering module converts the time domain signal of the data into a frequency domain signal through fast Fourier transform, removes the high-frequency signal above 5 Hz, and returns the filtered time domain signal through inverse Fourier transform; the wave recognition module continuously integrates the vertical acceleration signal obtained by the float acceleration sensor (7) to obtain the displacement signal of the movement, and then obtains the main frequency of the external wave through fast Fourier transform; the intelligent frequency modulation module solves the scale parameters of the tuned multi-liquid column damper (2) through real-time iteration to make its natural frequency consistent with the external wave frequency; the emergency processing module takes emergency measures when detecting abnormal rotation angle and displacement of the floating wind turbine; The actuation controller is electrically driven, and controls the operation of the water pump (10) and the water suction pump (11) through a switching power supply, and adjusts the position of the movable bulkhead (17) and the porous medium layer (18) by controlling the positive and negative rotation of the rotating shaft (15) and the pulley (12), respectively, so as to keep the natural vibration period of the tuned multi-liquid column damper (2) consistent with the external wave in real time, thereby maximizing the damper effect; the water pump (10) and the water suction pump (11) are connected to the liquid storage device (20) and the tuned multi-liquid column damper (2), and adjust the average water level in each vertical pipe (3), that is, the length of the internal liquid column under the control of the intelligent frequency modulation module; the push rod (13) is fixed on the outer wall surface of the vertical pipe (3) by the rotating shaft (15), and the movable bulkhead (17) is pushed by rotation. The push rod (13) and the movable bulkhead (17) are connected by a follower shaft (16), so as to change the cross-sectional area A of the vertical pipe (3). v The pulley (12) controls the height of the porous medium layer (18) through the suspension rope (14).

2. A floating wind turbine with an intelligent tuned multi-liquid column damper system according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are three vertical pipes (3) and three horizontal pipes (4).

3. A floating wind turbine with an intelligent tuned multi-liquid column damper system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass of the damping liquid (5) is 1% to 5% of the total mass of the floating fan body (1).

4. A floating wind turbine with an intelligent tuned multi-liquid column damper system according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The mass of the damping liquid (5) is 2% of the total mass of the floating fan body (1).

5. The floating wind turbine with intelligent tuned multi-liquid column damper system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wave height meter (6) runs through the entire vertical pipe (3) in the length direction, and its length is at least not less than the length of the vertical pipe.

6. A floating wind turbine with an intelligent tuned multi-liquid column damper system according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The wave height meter (6) runs through the entire vertical pipe (3) in the length direction, and its length is 32 m.

7. A floating wind turbine with an intelligent tuned multi-liquid column damper system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent frequency modulation module solves the scale parameters of the tuned multi-liquid column damper (2) through real-time iteration, so that its natural frequency is consistent with the external wave frequency. The natural frequency is: In the formula, A v and A h are the cross-sectional areas of the vertical pipe (3) and the horizontal pipe (4), L v and L h are the lengths of the liquid columns in the vertical pipe (3) and the horizontal pipe (4), respectively, and g is the acceleration due to gravity; where A v The size of L can be adjusted by adjusting the movable bulkhead (17). v The length of the liquid column can be adjusted by means of a water extraction pump (10) and a water suction pump (11).

8. The floating wind turbine with intelligent tuned multi-liquid column damper system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emergency processing module takes the following emergency measures when it is detected that the rotation angle of the floating fan is greater than 10° and the displacement is greater than 8m: a porous medium layer (18) is sunk into the vertical pipe (3).

9. A floating wind turbine with an intelligent tuned multi-liquid column damper system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The porous medium layer (18) is made of an elastic compressible solid material containing a certain number of holes, and the boundaries of the holes include pillars or plates.

10. A floating wind turbine with an intelligent tuned multi-liquid column damper system according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The porous medium layer (18) is made of nylon threads compressed into blocks.

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