A photovoltaic module dust removal method and system based on surface dust measurement

Abstract

The present invention discloses a photovoltaic module dust removal method and system based on surface dust measurement, comprising: based on a photovoltaic module without surface dust, obtaining a first operating voltage value greater than a maximum open-circuit voltage value of the photovoltaic module; obtaining a first thickness of surface dust when the first operating voltage value is adjusted to the maximum open-circuit voltage value; dividing the photovoltaic module into at least one area to be measured, and obtaining a second thickness of surface dust in the area to be measured by collecting light transmittance of the area to be measured; obtaining a first relationship between the first thickness and the second thickness, and generating a control instruction for performing dust removal on the photovoltaic module according to the first relationship; the present invention realizes accurate detection of dust accumulation on the photovoltaic panel, and further determines whether the photovoltaic panel needs dust removal by combining the working condition of the photovoltaic panel itself, thereby providing technical support for maintenance of the photovoltaic panel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic module dust detection, and in particular to a photovoltaic module dust removal method and system based on surface dust measurement. Background Art

[0002] Among the existing photovoltaic module surface dust detection devices, there is a dust detection device for photovoltaic modules as described below.

[0003] The structure of the existing photovoltaic module dust detection device is as follows: Figure 4 As shown. Figure 4 In the embodiment, a laser emitting device 11 is installed above one side of the photovoltaic module 10, and the laser emitted by the laser emitting device 11 passes through the transparent glass on both sides of the photovoltaic module 10 and hits the laser receiving device 12 installed below the other side of the photovoltaic module 10. The time interval for the laser emitting device 11 to emit the laser can be controlled by the processor 13, and the time interval can be freely set. For example, after an interval of 24 hours, the processor 13 controls the laser emitting device 11 to emit another laser with the same light intensity, which is received by the laser receiving device 12 again. As time goes by, dust gradually accumulates on the surface of the photovoltaic module 10, and the light received by the laser receiving device 12 gradually weakens. The percentage of light intensity decrease is the percentage of light intensity decrease received by the photovoltaic module 10. The processor 13 divides the light intensity of the laser received by the laser receiving device 12 this time by the light intensity of the laser received last time to obtain a percentage, thereby being able to detect the dust condition on the photovoltaic module.

[0004] The above-mentioned dust detection device is only applicable to photovoltaic modules with light transmission on both sides, which has certain limitations. In addition, the detection area of ​​this device is small and not representative. The laser emission and receiving devices are easily affected by dust and ambient temperature, which is not conducive to long-term operation. The laser emission device located above the module will affect the dust accumulation on the module surface, resulting in low measurement values.

[0005] At present, with the strong support of the country for photovoltaic power generation, the national photovoltaic installed capacity has exceeded 200 million kWh. Photovoltaic panel dust detection and cleaning is a common problem in the photovoltaic power generation industry. Accurate detection of photovoltaic panel dust accumulation, supplemented by photovoltaic panel dust cleaning costs and power generation revenue calculations, can well balance the relationship between photovoltaic power generation dust accumulation and dust cleaning, and achieve high-quality development of the industry. Therefore, a photovoltaic module dust removal method and system based on surface dust measurement is urgently needed to solve the technical problem of photovoltaic panel dust removal. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the existing technical problems, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module dust removal method based on surface dust measurement, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Based on a photovoltaic module without surface dust, obtaining a first operating voltage value greater than a maximum open circuit voltage value of the photovoltaic module;

[0008] Obtaining a first thickness of dust accumulation on the surface when the first operating voltage value is adjusted to a maximum open circuit voltage value;

[0009] Divide the photovoltaic module into at least one area to be tested, and obtain a second thickness of dust on the surface of the area to be tested by collecting the light transmittance of the area to be tested;

[0010] A first relationship between the first thickness and the second thickness is obtained, and a control instruction for performing dust removal on the photovoltaic module is generated according to the first relationship, wherein:

[0011] When the second thickness is greater than the first thickness, generating a control instruction;

[0012] When the second thickness is less than the first thickness, a second operating voltage value of the photovoltaic component is obtained, and a control instruction is generated according to a second relationship between the second operating voltage value and the maximum open-circuit voltage value of the photovoltaic component and / or the first operating voltage value.

[0013] Preferably, in the process of obtaining the second thickness, the photovoltaic assembly includes a region to be measured;

[0014] Based on different ends of the photovoltaic module, the transmittance of the area to be measured is collected, the average value is taken, and the second thickness is generated;

[0015] or,

[0016] Based on the same end of the photovoltaic module, a second thickness is generated according to the collected light transmittance of the area to be measured.

[0017] Preferably, in the process of obtaining the second thickness based on the same end of the photovoltaic module, three signal acquisition units are set at the same end of the photovoltaic module to obtain the transmittance, wherein:

[0018] Analyze and determine the strength of the three input signals, take the average value of the three signals whose intensity deviation is within the calibration error range, and generate the transmittance;

[0019] For the case where the intensity deviation is greater than the calibration error and less than 5% of the average intensity, a three-mean operation is performed to generate the transmittance;

[0020] When the intensity deviation is greater than 5% of the average intensity, the signal with the largest deviation is removed and the average value of the remaining two signals is taken as the transmittance.

[0021] Preferably, in the process of obtaining the transmittance when the intensity deviation is greater than 5% of the average intensity, the three-way signal acquisition unit is driven to collect the three-way signals again. When the intensity deviation of each signal obtained again is greater than 5% of the average intensity, the signal with the large deviation is eliminated, and the average value of the remaining two signals is used as the transmittance, and a first warning signal indicating that the signal acquisition unit may have a fault is generated;

[0022] When the intensity deviation of one of the signals acquired again is greater than the calibration error and less than 5% of the average intensity, and the first detected signal corresponding to the signal is not the signal with the largest deviation, the transmittance is acquired according to the signal;

[0023] When the intensity deviation of two of the signals obtained again is greater than the calibration error and less than 5% of the average intensity, and the first detected signal corresponding to the two signals is not the signal with the largest deviation, the minimum value of the two signals is used as the transmittance;

[0024] When the intensity deviation of the signal acquired again is greater than the verification error and less than 5% of the average intensity, and the signal detected for the first time corresponding to one signal is the signal with the largest deviation, a second warning signal is generated to indicate that there is a fault in the signal acquisition unit corresponding to the signal. When the signal acquired again is two or three signals, based on eliminating the signal corresponding to the signal with the largest deviation, another signal is selected as the transmittance, or the minimum value of the other two signals is selected as the transmittance.

[0025] Preferably, in the process of collecting three signals again, when the intensity deviation of the signal obtained again is less than the verification error and the signal is one signal, the transmittance is generated according to the signal;

[0026] When the intensity deviation of the signal acquired again is smaller than the verification error, and the signal is a two-way or three-way signal, the transmittance is generated according to the average value of the signal, and a first warning signal is generated.

[0027] Preferably, in the process of obtaining the second thickness, the photovoltaic assembly includes more than two areas to be measured;

[0028] Generate a control instruction according to a first relationship between the second thickness and the first thickness of each area to be measured, wherein the control instruction is generated when the second thickness of each area to be measured includes a first portion greater than the first thickness and a second portion less than the first thickness, and the first portion is greater than the second portion;

[0029] When the second thickness of each area to be measured includes a first portion greater than the first thickness and a second portion less than the first thickness, and the first portion is smaller than the second portion, a control instruction is generated according to the second relationship.

[0030] Preferably, in the process of generating the control instruction according to the second relationship, when the second operating voltage value is less than the maximum open circuit voltage value, the control instruction is generated;

[0031] And, when the second operating voltage value is greater than the maximum open circuit voltage value, sorting is performed according to the first operating voltage value to generate a first data set, and a first operating voltage maximum value, a first operating voltage minimum value, a first operating voltage average value, and a second operating voltage average value of the first operating voltage maximum value and the first operating voltage minimum value of the first data set are obtained;

[0032] Obtaining a first difference between an average value of the first working voltage and an average value of the second working voltage, and generating a control instruction when the first difference is less than one fifth of the average value of the first working voltage and the second working voltage is less than a minimum value of the first working voltage;

[0033] When the first difference is greater than one-fifth of the first working voltage average value, delete the first working voltage minimum value and / or the first working voltage maximum value, generate a second data set, and obtain the third working voltage average value of the second working voltage minimum value and the second working voltage maximum value of the second data set, and the second difference between the first working voltage average value; when the second difference is less than one-fifth of the first working voltage average value and the second working voltage value is less than the first working voltage minimum value or the second working voltage minimum value, generate a control instruction.

[0034] Preferably, in the process of obtaining the third working voltage average value, it also includes: obtaining a fourth working voltage average value of the second working voltage minimum value and the first working voltage maximum value, and a third difference between the fourth working voltage average value and the first working voltage average value; when the third difference is greater than one-fifth of the first working voltage average value, generating the third working voltage average value and the second difference according to the first working voltage minimum value and the second working voltage maximum value; when the second difference is less than one-fifth of the first working voltage average value and the second working voltage value is less than the first working voltage minimum value, generating a control instruction

[0035] When the third difference is less than one-fifth of the average value of the first working voltage, the third working voltage average value and the second difference are generated according to the minimum value of the second working voltage and the maximum value of the first working voltage. When the second difference is less than one-fifth of the average value of the first working voltage and the second working voltage value is less than the minimum value of the second working voltage, a control instruction is generated.

[0036] The present invention discloses a photovoltaic module dust removal system based on surface dust measurement, comprising:

[0037] A first data acquisition module is used to obtain a first operating voltage value greater than a maximum open-circuit voltage value of the photovoltaic module based on a photovoltaic module without dust on the surface;

[0038] The second data acquisition module is used to obtain a first thickness of dust accumulation on the surface when the first operating voltage value is adjusted to a maximum open circuit voltage value;

[0039] A surface dust detection module is used to divide the photovoltaic module into at least one area to be tested, and obtain a second thickness of the surface dust in the area to be tested by collecting the light transmittance of the area to be tested;

[0040] A dust removal control module, used to obtain a first relationship between the first thickness and the second thickness, and generate a control instruction for performing dust removal on the photovoltaic module according to the first relationship, wherein when the second thickness is greater than the first thickness, a control instruction is generated; when the second thickness is less than the first thickness, a second operating voltage value of the photovoltaic module is obtained, and a control instruction is generated according to a second relationship between the second operating voltage value and the maximum open-circuit voltage value of the photovoltaic module and / or the first operating voltage value;

[0041] The cleaning module is used to remove dust accumulated on the surface of the photovoltaic module by obtaining control instructions.

[0042] Preferably, the surface dust detection module is composed of a dust detection unit, a data transmission unit, a data conversion unit, a signal processing unit, and a transmittance calculation unit;

[0043] The dust detection unit has the same inclination angle as the photovoltaic module.

[0044] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0045] The present invention realizes accurate detection of dust accumulation on photovoltaic panels, and further determines whether the photovoltaic panels need dust removal by combining the working conditions of the photovoltaic panels themselves, thereby providing technical support for the maintenance of photovoltaic panels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0047] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of a photovoltaic module dust detection device in the first solution described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the state of dust falling on the detection glass in the first solution according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 A front view of a display unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a conventional photovoltaic module dust detector according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic flow chart of the dust removal method described in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application claimed for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0053] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module dust removal method based on surface dust measurement, comprising the following steps:

[0054] Based on a photovoltaic module without surface dust, obtaining a first operating voltage value greater than a maximum open circuit voltage value of the photovoltaic module;

[0055] Obtaining a first thickness of dust accumulation on the surface when the first operating voltage value is adjusted to a maximum open circuit voltage value;

[0056] Divide the photovoltaic module into at least one area to be tested, and obtain a second thickness of dust on the surface of the area to be tested by collecting the light transmittance of the area to be tested;

[0057] A first relationship between the first thickness and the second thickness is obtained, and a control instruction for performing dust removal on the photovoltaic module is generated according to the first relationship, wherein:

[0058] When the second thickness is greater than the first thickness, generating a control instruction;

[0059] When the second thickness is less than the first thickness, a second operating voltage value of the photovoltaic component is obtained, and a control instruction is generated according to a second relationship between the second operating voltage value and the maximum open-circuit voltage value of the photovoltaic component and / or the first operating voltage value.

[0060] Further preferably, in the process of obtaining the second thickness of the present invention, the photovoltaic assembly mentioned in the present invention includes a region to be measured;

[0061] Based on different ends of the photovoltaic module, the transmittance of the area to be measured is collected, the average value is taken, and the second thickness is generated;

[0062] or,

[0063] Based on the same end of the photovoltaic module, a second thickness is generated according to the collected light transmittance of the area to be measured.

[0064] Further preferably, in the process of obtaining the second thickness based on the same end of the photovoltaic module, three signal acquisition units are arranged at the same end of the photovoltaic module to obtain the transmittance, wherein:

[0065] Analyze and determine the strength of the three input signals, take the average value of the three signals whose intensity deviation is within the calibration error range, and generate the transmittance;

[0066] For the case where the intensity deviation is greater than the calibration error and less than 5% of the average intensity, a three-mean operation is performed to generate the transmittance;

[0067] When the intensity deviation is greater than 5% of the average intensity, the signal with the largest deviation is removed and the average value of the remaining two signals is taken as the transmittance.

[0068] Further preferably, in the process of obtaining the transmittance when the intensity deviation is greater than 5% of the average intensity, the present invention drives the three-way signal acquisition unit to collect the three-way signals again, and when the intensity deviation of each signal obtained again is greater than 5% of the average intensity, the signal with large deviation is eliminated, and the average value of the remaining two signals is used as the transmittance, and a first warning signal indicating that the signal acquisition unit may have a fault is generated;

[0069] When the intensity deviation of one of the signals acquired again is greater than the calibration error and less than 5% of the average intensity, and the first detected signal corresponding to the signal is not the signal with the largest deviation, the transmittance is acquired according to the signal;

[0070] When the intensity deviation of two of the signals obtained again is greater than the calibration error and less than 5% of the average intensity, and the first detected signal corresponding to the two signals is not the signal with the largest deviation, the minimum value of the two signals is used as the transmittance;

[0071] When the intensity deviation of the signal acquired again is greater than the verification error and less than 5% of the average intensity, and the signal detected for the first time corresponding to one signal is the signal with the largest deviation, a second warning signal is generated to indicate that there is a fault in the signal acquisition unit corresponding to the signal. When the signal acquired again is two or three signals, based on eliminating the signal corresponding to the signal with the largest deviation, another signal is selected as the transmittance, or the minimum value of the other two signals is selected as the transmittance.

[0072] Further preferably, in the process of collecting three signals again, when the intensity deviation of the signal obtained again is less than the verification error and the signal is one signal, the transmittance is generated according to the signal;

[0073] When the intensity deviation of the signal acquired again is smaller than the verification error, and the signal is a two-way or three-way signal, the transmittance is generated according to the average value of the signal, and a first warning signal is generated.

[0074] Further preferably, in the process of obtaining the second thickness of the present invention, the photovoltaic assembly mentioned in the present invention includes more than two areas to be measured;

[0075] Generate a control instruction according to a first relationship between the second thickness and the first thickness of each area to be measured, wherein the control instruction is generated when the second thickness of each area to be measured includes a first portion greater than the first thickness and a second portion less than the first thickness, and the first portion is greater than the second portion;

[0076] When the second thickness of each area to be measured includes a first portion greater than the first thickness and a second portion less than the first thickness, and the first portion is smaller than the second portion, a control instruction is generated according to the second relationship.

[0077] Further preferably, in the process of generating the control instruction according to the second relationship, when the second operating voltage value is less than the maximum open circuit voltage value, the control instruction is generated;

[0078] And, when the second operating voltage value is greater than the maximum open circuit voltage value, sorting is performed according to the first operating voltage value to generate a first data set, and a first operating voltage maximum value, a first operating voltage minimum value, a first operating voltage average value, and a second operating voltage average value of the first operating voltage maximum value and the first operating voltage minimum value of the first data set are obtained;

[0079] Obtaining a first difference between an average value of the first working voltage and an average value of the second working voltage, and generating a control instruction when the first difference is less than one fifth of the average value of the first working voltage and the second working voltage is less than a minimum value of the first working voltage;

[0080] When the first difference is greater than one-fifth of the first working voltage average value, delete the first working voltage minimum value and / or the first working voltage maximum value, generate a second data set, and obtain the third working voltage average value of the second working voltage minimum value and the second working voltage maximum value of the second data set, and the second difference between the first working voltage average value; when the second difference is less than one-fifth of the first working voltage average value and the second working voltage value is less than the first working voltage minimum value or the second working voltage minimum value, generate a control instruction.

[0081] Further preferably, in the process of obtaining the third working voltage average value, the following steps are also included: obtaining a third difference between the fourth working voltage average value of the second working voltage minimum value and the first working voltage maximum value and the first working voltage average value; when the third difference is greater than one-fifth of the first working voltage average value, generating the third working voltage average value and the second difference according to the first working voltage minimum value and the second working voltage maximum value; when the second difference is less than one-fifth of the first working voltage average value and the second working voltage value is less than the first working voltage minimum value, generating a control instruction

[0082] When the third difference is less than one-fifth of the average value of the first working voltage, the third working voltage average value and the second difference are generated according to the minimum value of the second working voltage and the maximum value of the first working voltage. When the second difference is less than one-fifth of the average value of the first working voltage and the second working voltage value is less than the minimum value of the second working voltage, a control instruction is generated.

[0083] The present invention also provides a photovoltaic module dust removal system based on surface dust measurement, comprising:

[0084] A first data acquisition module is used to obtain a first operating voltage value greater than a maximum open-circuit voltage value of the photovoltaic module based on a photovoltaic module without dust on the surface;

[0085] The second data acquisition module is used to obtain a first thickness of dust accumulation on the surface when the first operating voltage value is adjusted to a maximum open circuit voltage value;

[0086] A surface dust detection module is used to divide the photovoltaic module into at least one area to be tested, and obtain a second thickness of the surface dust in the area to be tested by collecting the light transmittance of the area to be tested;

[0087] A dust removal control module, used to obtain a first relationship between the first thickness and the second thickness, and generate a control instruction for performing dust removal on the photovoltaic module according to the first relationship, wherein when the second thickness is greater than the first thickness, a control instruction is generated; when the second thickness is less than the first thickness, a second operating voltage value of the photovoltaic module is obtained, and a control instruction is generated according to a second relationship between the second operating voltage value and the maximum open-circuit voltage value of the photovoltaic module and / or the first operating voltage value;

[0088] The cleaning module is used to remove dust accumulated on the surface of the photovoltaic module by obtaining control instructions.

[0089] Further preferably, the surface dust detection module mentioned in the present invention is composed of a dust detection unit, a data transmission unit, a data conversion unit, a signal processing unit, and a transmittance calculation unit;

[0090] The dust detection unit has the same inclination angle as the photovoltaic module.

[0091] Example 1: The detection of dust on the surface mentioned in the present invention, the specific implementation method is summarized as follows:

[0092] The dust detection device in the first scheme includes a dust detection unit and a processing unit that amplifies, filters, and A / D converts the signal from the dust detection unit. The signal processing unit completes the transmittance calculation based on the upper and lower limits of the range stored during the initial calibration and sends it to the display unit for display; the solar power generation unit, the battery unit, and the charging unit enable the device to be self-powered. Therefore, a local photovoltaic panel dust measurement device that requires manual button triggering can be provided to users.

[0093] The second solution of the present invention is to add a 4G communication unit and an MCU logic algorithm on the basis of the first solution. Therefore, a photovoltaic panel dust measurement device based on 4G communication and timing measurement can be provided to users.

[0094] The third solution of the present invention is to add an automatic glass cleaning device and an MCU logic algorithm to the second solution. Therefore, a photovoltaic panel dust measurement device based on 4G communication, timing measurement, and remote control (cleaning and storing the transmittance measurement values ​​before and after cleaning) can be provided to users.

[0095] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a dust detection device for photovoltaic modules according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 1In the figure, 230, 240, 250 and 231, 241, 251 are light emitting units and light receiving units that function as dust detection components. Light emitting units 230, 240, 250 are used to emit lasers to the surface of the detection glass, and light receiving units 231, 241, 251 are used to receive light emitted from the light emitting units and transmitted through the detection glass, and output photoelectric signals corresponding to the amount of light received. The emitting units 230, 240, 250 and the light receiving units 231, 241, 251 are enclosed in a closed space and calibrated one by one to ensure that the light is accurate and not affected by water vapor (steam). The signals output from the light receiving units 231, 241, 251 are amplified by the amplifier signals 2320, 2420, 2520 in the amplification units 232, 242, 252, respectively, and filtered by the hardware filters 2321, 2421, 2521. The filter is a bandpass filter that only allows the laser centered on the frequency of the laser input to the light emitting unit to pass. The signals output by the amplification units 232, 242, and 252 are converted into digital signals by the A / D units 233, 243, and 253 built into the MCU10. After being processed by the signal processing unit 234, the measurement value is output. In this link, the built-in algorithm of the MCU will analyze and determine the intensity of the three input signals, and perform an average calculation on the three signals for the intensity deviation within the calibration error range; for the case where the intensity deviation is greater than the calibration error and less than 5% of the average intensity, a three-mean calculation is performed; for the case where the intensity deviation is greater than 5% of the average intensity, the signal with large deviation is eliminated and the average value of the remaining two signals is used as the measurement output, and the large deviation channel is recorded and an alarm is issued. For devices with 4G communication, the MCU will perform measurement values ​​and alarm outputs in real time through the 4G communication unit 13.

[0096] The built-in logic algorithm of MCU10 can realize timing measurement. The device is in sleep mode most of the time. When the timing time is reached, the device will automatically wake up. After completing the measurement and sending the data, it will automatically sleep after 20 seconds.

[0097] In addition, the dust detection device is equipped with a solar cell unit 14, a power management unit 15, and a battery unit 16, which can realize self-power supply of the device and battery charging. Under normal working conditions, the battery can realize standby of the dust detection device for 120 hours.

[0098] The working process of the photovoltaic module dust detection device having the above structure is described below.

[0099] When a manual button or a timing clock triggers the device, the device will be awakened and self-checked. During the self-check process, the laser will be emitted through the optical emitting units 230, 240, and 250 at the default laser power based on the ambient temperature at that time. The three optical receiving units 231, 241, and 251 receive the photoelectric signal, and after amplification, filtering, and A / D conversion, numerical analysis and judgment are performed, and compared with the previous correct laser power bias. If the self-check passes, normal measurement is performed and the measurement value is output. If it is judged that the deviation exceeds the standard, the laser power is corrected. If the measured value after power correction is still abnormal, it is automatically adjusted according to the rules of three averages, three middles, and two averages, and the measured value and alarm information are output.

[0100] In summary, the photovoltaic module dust detection device in the present invention adopts a completely enclosed laser transmitting and receiving device, is equipped with a detection glass that is completely consistent with the on-site module, and maintains the same inclination angle between the detection glass and the on-site photovoltaic module. Its dust measurement represented by transmittance is highly representative and sufficiently accurate, and can accurately measure the surface dust of the photovoltaic module.

[0101] After obtaining the dust data on the surface of the photovoltaic module, the present invention generates a control instruction for controlling dust removal by obtaining the power generation status of the photovoltaic module itself and combining it with the current light data, thereby realizing intelligent maintenance work on the photovoltaic module.

[0102] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0103] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0104] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

[0105] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module dust removal method based on surface dust measurement, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Based on a photovoltaic module without surface dust, obtaining a first operating voltage value greater than a maximum open circuit voltage value of the photovoltaic module; Obtaining a first thickness of dust on the surface when the first operating voltage value is adjusted to the maximum open circuit voltage value; Divide the photovoltaic module into at least one area to be tested, and obtain a second thickness of dust on the surface of the area to be tested by collecting the light transmittance of the area to be tested; A first relationship between the first thickness and the second thickness is obtained, and a control instruction for performing dust removal on a photovoltaic module is generated according to the first relationship, wherein: When the second thickness is greater than the first thickness, generating the control instruction; When the second thickness is less than the first thickness, obtaining a second operating voltage value of the photovoltaic module, and generating the control instruction according to a second relationship between the second operating voltage value and the maximum open-circuit voltage value of the photovoltaic module and / or the first operating voltage value; In the process of obtaining the second thickness, the photovoltaic assembly includes a region to be measured; Based on different ends of the photovoltaic module, collecting the light transmittance of the area to be measured, taking an average value, and generating the second thickness; or, Based on the same end of the photovoltaic assembly, generating the second thickness according to the collected light transmittance of the area to be measured; In the process of obtaining the second thickness based on the same end of the photovoltaic component, three signal acquisition units are set at the same end of the photovoltaic component to obtain the transmittance, wherein: Analyze and determine the strength of the three input signals, take the average value of the three signals whose intensity deviations are within the calibration error range, and generate the transmittance; For the case where the intensity deviation is greater than the calibration error and less than 5% of the average intensity, a three-mean operation is performed to generate the transmittance; When the intensity deviation is greater than 5% of the average intensity, the signal with the largest deviation is removed and then the average value of the remaining two signals is taken as the transmittance.

2. A photovoltaic module dust removal method based on surface dust measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the process of obtaining the transmittance when the intensity deviation is greater than 5% of the average intensity, the three signal acquisition units are driven to collect the three signals again. When the intensity deviation of each signal acquired again is greater than 5% of the average intensity, the signal with the large deviation is eliminated, and the average value of the remaining two signals is used as the transmittance, and a first warning signal indicating that the signal acquisition unit may have a fault is generated; When the intensity deviation of one of the signals acquired again is greater than the calibration error and less than 5% of the average intensity, and the first detected signal corresponding to the signal is not the signal with the largest deviation, the transmittance is acquired according to the signal; When the intensity deviation of two of the signals acquired again is greater than the calibration error and less than 5% of the average intensity, and the first detected signal corresponding to the two signals is not the signal with the largest deviation, the minimum value of the two signals is used as the transmittance; When the intensity deviation of the signal acquired again is greater than the verification error and less than 5% of the average intensity, and the signal detected for the first time corresponding to one signal is the signal with the largest deviation, a second warning signal is generated to indicate that there is a fault in the signal acquisition unit corresponding to the signal. When the signal acquired again is two or three signals, based on eliminating one signal corresponding to the signal with the largest deviation, another signal is selected as the transmittance, or the minimum value of the other two signals is selected as the transmittance.

3. A photovoltaic module dust removal method based on surface dust measurement according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the process of collecting the three signals again, when the intensity deviation of the signal obtained again is less than the verification error and the signal is one signal, the transmittance is generated according to the signal; When the intensity deviation of the signal acquired again is smaller than the verification error, and the signal is a two-way or three-way signal, the transmittance is generated according to the average value of the signal, and the first warning signal is generated.

4. A photovoltaic module dust removal method based on surface dust measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the process of obtaining the second thickness, the photovoltaic assembly includes more than two areas to be measured; generating the control instruction according to the first relationship between the second thickness and the first thickness of each of the regions to be measured, wherein the control instruction is generated when the second thickness of each of the regions to be measured includes a first portion greater than the first thickness and a second portion less than the first thickness, and the first portion is greater than the second portion; When the second thickness of each of the areas to be measured includes a first portion greater than the first thickness and a second portion less than the first thickness, and the first portion is smaller than the second portion, the control instruction is generated according to the second relationship.

5. A photovoltaic module dust removal method based on surface dust measurement according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the process of generating the control instruction according to the second relationship, when the second operating voltage value is less than the maximum open circuit voltage value, generating the control instruction; And, when the second operating voltage value is greater than the maximum open-circuit voltage value, sorting is performed according to the first operating voltage value to generate a first data set, and a first operating voltage maximum value, a first operating voltage minimum value, a first operating voltage average value, and a second operating voltage average value of the first operating voltage maximum value and the first operating voltage minimum value of the first data set are obtained; Obtaining a first difference between the first working voltage average value and the second working voltage average value, and generating the control instruction when the first difference is less than one fifth of the first working voltage average value and the second working voltage value is less than the first working voltage minimum value; When the first difference is greater than one-fifth of the first working voltage average value, delete the first working voltage minimum value and / or the first working voltage maximum value, generate a second data set, and obtain a third working voltage average value of the second working voltage minimum value and the second working voltage maximum value of the second data set, and a second difference between the first working voltage average value; when the second difference is less than one-fifth of the first working voltage average value and the second working voltage value is less than the first working voltage minimum value or the second working voltage minimum value, generate the control instruction.

6. A photovoltaic module dust removal method based on surface dust measurement according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the process of obtaining the third working voltage average value, it also includes: obtaining a third difference between a fourth working voltage average value of the second working voltage minimum value and the first working voltage maximum value and the first working voltage average value, and when the third difference is greater than one fifth of the first working voltage average value, generating the third working voltage average value and the second difference according to the first working voltage minimum value and the second working voltage maximum value, and when the second difference is less than one fifth of the first working voltage average value and the second working voltage value is less than the first working voltage minimum value, generating the control instruction; When the third difference is less than one-fifth of the first working voltage average value, the third working voltage average value and the second difference are generated according to the second working voltage minimum value and the first working voltage maximum value; when the second difference is less than one-fifth of the first working voltage average value and the second working voltage value is less than the second working voltage minimum value, the control instruction is generated.

7. A photovoltaic module dust removal system based on surface dust measurement, characterized in that: The system is used to implement a photovoltaic module dust removal method based on surface dust measurement as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, and the system comprises: A first data acquisition module is used to obtain a first operating voltage value greater than a maximum open-circuit voltage value of the photovoltaic module based on a photovoltaic module without dust on the surface; A second data acquisition module is used to obtain a first thickness of dust on the surface when the first operating voltage value is adjusted to the maximum open circuit voltage value; A surface dust detection module is used to divide the photovoltaic module into at least one area to be tested, and obtain a second thickness of the surface dust in the area to be tested by collecting the light transmittance of the area to be tested; a dust removal control module, configured to obtain a first relationship between the first thickness and the second thickness, and generate a control instruction for performing dust removal on the photovoltaic module according to the first relationship, wherein when the second thickness is greater than the first thickness, the control instruction is generated; when the second thickness is less than the first thickness, a second operating voltage value of the photovoltaic module is obtained, and the control instruction is generated according to a second relationship between the second operating voltage value and the maximum open-circuit voltage value of the photovoltaic module and / or the first operating voltage value; The cleaning module is used to remove dust from the surface of the photovoltaic component by obtaining the control instruction.

8. A photovoltaic module dust removal system based on surface dust measurement according to claim 7, characterized in that: The surface dust detection module is composed of a dust detection unit, a data transmission unit, a data conversion unit, a signal processing unit, and a transmittance calculation unit; The dust detection unit and the photovoltaic assembly have the same inclination angle.

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