Blockchain-based agricultural product information authentication and fund tracing method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on blockchain agricultural product information authentication and fund traceability method and system, comprising the following steps: generating blockchain network structure, Peer node carries out read-write operation to account book, and the received fund or authentication information is requested to be chained and is calculated hash to generate a unique event code, the received fund or authentication information is sent to corresponding Endorser node endorsement, and the original information of chain request, signed information, event code, time stamp when signing are sent to Orderer node after endorsement is completed;Orderer node generates block and sends to Peer node for chaining after, and is stored in corresponding database;The information to be verified is sent to a random Peer node with corresponding event code, and data is compared, and information authentication and fund traceability are completed.The application combines blockchain and agricultural product transaction to trace fund flow direction, and more meet the demand of agricultural product information authentication and fund traceability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of blockchain technology, in particular to a method and system for agricultural product information authentication and fund tracing based on blockchain. BACKGROUND

[0002] Nowadays, the Internet is used to expand the sales channel, and multi-channel solutions are used to solve the problem of selling agricultural products. However, many unscrupulous traders see business opportunities in this and falsely promote products while charging high prices, not only hurting the feelings and trust of consumers, but also infringing on the interests of real farmers. The specific problems are as follows:

[0003] (1) It is difficult to confirm the authenticity of the goods:

[0004] Many so-called agricultural products are unsold, which are only false propaganda by unscrupulous traders, using pictures to solicit sympathy. Many people believe it after seeing the pictures and product descriptions, resulting in property loss. However, it is very complex to query whether the product is real or not, which is not conducive to the operation of ordinary people.

[0005] (2) The flow of funds is unclear

[0006] The process of selling agricultural products is complex, involving processes such as farmers, collectors, wholesalers, and markets. It is difficult to track the funds, and the price of agricultural products is regulated and must be the average price of similar products. However, it is difficult for consumers to confirm whether the price of the product they purchased is audited by the relevant department, and how much of the final sales proceeds actually reaches the relevant farmers instead of being exploited by the intermediate agencies, leaving little for the farmers.

[0007] Therefore, it is considered to combine blockchain with agricultural product sales to solve the problem. However, the existing blockchain technology still has the following problems when applied to agricultural product information authentication and fund tracing:

[0008] (1) The underlying network technology of blockchain uses a peer-to-peer network, referred to as P2P network. It is a distributed network communication technology, also known as "peer-to-peer network". Unlike the traditional client / server (C / S) structure, in the P2P network, there is no master-slave relationship between nodes, and the status is equal, and each node can be both server and client.

[0009] However, complete openness affects network security performance. The account book stores user authentication information and product information, which is private information and should not be completely open.

[0010] (2) Fabric consensus mechanism

[0011] The consensus mechanism is divided into three steps:

[0012] The application selects endorsement nodes according to the requirements of the endorsement policy, and sends the transaction proposals to be executed to the nodes. The endorsement nodes call the chain code to execute the transaction proposals, and the transactions are simulated and not actually submitted to the ledger. After the execution is completed, the transaction endorsement system chain code ESCC is called to sign and endorse the simulation execution result.

[0013] The ordering stage receives the transactions that have been signed and endorsed, determines the number and order of the transactions, and packs the ordered transactions into a block, which is broadcast to the peer nodes for verification. Generally, from the efficiency point of view, the ordering service does not output a single transaction as a block, but packs multiple transactions into a block.

[0014] The peer nodes verify the validity of the transactions contained in the received block, including endorsement policy verification and double-spend detection. The verification errors can be divided into two categories: syntax errors and logical errors. Syntax errors include invalid input, unverified signature, and duplicate transactions (double-spend attack), and the duplicate transactions should be discarded. The second type of error is more complex, such as transactions that can cause double-spend or MVCC failure, which requires a strategy to determine whether to continue execution or terminate. The default transaction verification system chain code VSCC only supports endorsement policy verification.

[0015] The endorsement nodes are determined by the CA node issuing digital certificates. The CA node is a certificate authority composed of server and client components. The CA node receives the registration application of the client and returns the registration password for user login to obtain an identity certificate. All operations on the blockchain network will verify the identity of the user.

[0016] However, the endorsement nodes in agricultural product certification should be related institutions and related third-party regulatory agencies, and the endorsement nodes have been determined without the need for increase or decrease. Moreover, many operations on the network are only to verify information, and it is completely unnecessary to record on the network, and such a large amount of information recording will also seriously affect the network performance.

[0017] In addition, product certification should be endorsed by related institutions and related third-party regulatory agencies, and fund flow information should be endorsed by related banks, and each endorsement node has different endorsement responsibilities for different on-chain content. SUMMARY

[0018] The purpose of the present application is to provide an agricultural product information certification and fund tracing method and system based on blockchain, which combines blockchain with agricultural product transactions to trace fund flow, and is more in line with the needs of agricultural product information certification and fund tracing.

[0019] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a blockchain-based method for agricultural product information authentication and fund traceability, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1. Generate a blockchain network structure, wherein the blockchain network structure includes multiple Peer nodes, Orderer nodes and Endorser nodes, and the Endorser nodes are generated and managed by the relevant agencies responsible for agricultural product approval and the banks responsible for fund transfer;

[0021] S2. Deploy the chaincode on the Peer node. The Peer node performs read and write operations on the ledger and requests the received funds or authentication information to be uploaded to the chain to calculate a hash and generate a unique event code. The received funds or authentication information and the event code are then sent to the corresponding Endorser node for endorsement.

[0022] S3. After the Endorser node completes the endorsement, it sends the original information of the on-chain request, the signed information, the event code, and the timestamp of the signing to the Orderer node.

[0023] S4. After receiving the information sent by the Endorser node, the Orderer node verifies the information using the Endorser node's public key. If the verification is successful, the hash value of all the information is calculated together. The block is generated by the hash value, event code, and timestamp and then sent to the Peer node for on-chain processing and stored in the corresponding database.

[0024] S5. Repeat steps S2-S4 to complete the on-chaining of funds or authentication information. Perform a network synchronization after each block is produced.

[0025] S6. Send the information to be verified along with the corresponding event code to a random Peer node. The Peer node queries the database for the block corresponding to this event code and the root of the corresponding hash tree. It then compares the calculated root with the data in the block to complete the information authentication and fund tracing.

[0026] As a further improvement of the present invention, the Peer nodes are generated in equal numbers by the distribution platform, the third-party regulatory agency, and the approval network agency, and are maintained by their respective affiliated agencies; the Orderer nodes are generated and managed by the distribution platform, the third-party regulatory agency, and the approval network agency, respectively.

[0027] As a further improvement of the present invention, the network synchronization specifically includes: each Peer node calculates the hash of the complete block after receiving an on-chain block and puts it into a hash table; each Orderer node stores the hash values ​​of all blocks, wherein all Peer nodes return confirmation to the Orderer node after completing on-chain processing.

[0028] As a further improvement of the present invention, after the three Orderer nodes receive all confirmations, they calculate the hash value of the hash table. First, the three Orderer nodes check each other. After confirmation, one of the Orderer nodes broadcasts the hash to all Peer nodes again. All Peer nodes calculate their own hash table hash value and compare them. If they are correct, they return "correct"; otherwise, they synchronize the ledger.

[0029] As a further improvement of the present invention, step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0030] Endorser nodes receive requests to upload data to the blockchain from Peer nodes.

[0031] Determine whether the information falls within the scope of responsibility of this Endorser node;

[0032] Check if the relevant information matches the information to be uploaded to the chain. If they match, use the private key to digitally sign the information to endorse it. Otherwise, return to the corresponding Peer node.

[0033] Once endorsement is complete, the original information, the signed information, the event code, and the timestamp from the signing process are sent to the Orderer node.

[0034] As a further improvement of the present invention, step S4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0035] After receiving the information sent by the Endorser node, the Orderer uses the Endorser node's public key to verify the information. If the verification is successful, all information is combined to calculate a hash value, and the hash value, event code, and timestamp are packaged and put into the information pool.

[0036] When there are 1024 messages waiting to be uploaded to the chain in the information pool or when 15 minutes have elapsed, all the messages are arranged in order of timestamps to form the bottom layer of the hash tree, generating a hash tree. The Orderer nodes check the hash tree structure and use the values ​​of all the generated leaf nodes without children as numbers, and the event codes of the other leaf nodes as numbers to describe the tree using the child-sibling notation.

[0037] The root of the hash tree is used as the data of this block, and together with the timestamp when the block was generated and the header of the previous block, the hash is calculated to form the header of this block;

[0038] Generate a block from the previous block header, the current block header, data, and timestamp, and send it along with the description of the current block's hash tree to the Peer node for on-chain processing;

[0039] The peer node accepts the message, chains it, and returns an acknowledgement message;

[0040] The orderer node chains the message after receiving all the acknowledgements, and starts network synchronization operations.

[0041] As a further improvement of the present application, the step S6 specifically comprises the following steps:

[0042] The information to be verified is sent to a random peer node together with the corresponding event code;

[0043] The peer node receives the event code, queries the corresponding block and the shortest path of the corresponding hash tree to the leaf from the database;

[0044] The values of all the leaves and their two children on the shortest path are queried from the database;

[0045] The root of the hash tree is calculated according to the values of all the leaves and their two children on the shortest path and the hash of the verified message;

[0046] The calculated root is compared with the data in the block, and if they are the same, a correct result is returned, otherwise an error is returned.

[0047] As a further improvement of the present application, an elliptic curve encryption algorithm is used in the blockchain network structure.

[0048] A blockchain-based agricultural product information authentication and fund tracing system adopts the blockchain-based agricultural product information authentication and fund tracing method as described above to query agricultural products.

[0049] As a further improvement of the present application, the system comprises a client and a blockchain server, and the blockchain server performs corresponding processing according to the operation request of the client and returns corresponding data.

[0050] The present application has the following advantages: the present application combines blockchain and agricultural product transaction to trace the fund flow, realizes the supervision of the fund, optimizes the S-Fabric consensus mechanism of the Fabric consensus mechanism, makes it more suitable for the demand of agricultural product information authentication and fund tracing, optimizes the network structure, and increases the network performance; the present application writes appropriate transaction endorsement system chain code ESCC for the blockchain, and authenticates the information of agricultural products on the basis of legal credibility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 is a network structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0052] Figure 2 is a system structure schematic diagram of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The application will be further described below in connection with the drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the application and implement it. The embodiments are not intended to limit the application.

[0054] The application provides a blockchain-based agricultural product information authentication and fund tracing method, comprising the following steps:

[0055] S1, a blockchain network structure is generated, wherein the blockchain network structure comprises a plurality of Peer nodes, Orderer nodes and Endorser nodes, the Endorser nodes are generated by an approval party responsible for agricultural product approval and a bank responsible for fund circulation and are responsible for;

[0056] S2, chain code is deployed on the Peer node, the Peer node performs read-write operation on the ledger, and a unique event code is generated by calculating hash of the received fund or authentication information on-chain request, and the received fund or authentication information and the event code are sent to the corresponding Endorser node for endorsement;

[0057] S3, the Endorser node sends the original information of the on-chain request, the signed information, the event code and the timestamp when signing to the Orderer node after the endorsement is completed;

[0058] S4, the Orderer node verifies the information sent by the Endorser node by using the public key of the Endorser node, calculates the hash value of all information after verification, generates a block by using the hash value, the event code and the timestamp, and sends the block to the Peer node for on-chain and storage in the corresponding database;

[0059] S5, steps S2-S4 are repeated to complete the on-chain of the fund or authentication information, and network synchronization is performed once after each block is generated;

[0060] S6, the information to be verified and the corresponding event code are sent to a random Peer node, the Peer node queries the block corresponding to the event code and the root of the hash tree calculated by the corresponding hash from the database, compares the calculated root with the data in the block, and completes the information authentication and fund tracing.

[0061] As described in the background, the existing Fabric consensus mechanism endorser node is determined by the CA node issuing digital certificate. But in product authentication, the endorser node should be the approval party and the relevant third-party regulatory agencies. The endorser node has been determined and does not need to be increased or decreased. Moreover, many network operations are only to verify information, and it is completely unnecessary to record on the network, and at the same time, such a large amount of information recording will seriously affect the network performance. Therefore, in the consensus mechanism of the present application, there is no CA node. The endorser is specified when the system is set up, and there is no need for CA node to determine. The specific scheme is as follows:

[0062] As shown in Figure 1 , the S-Fabric consensus mechanism and network structure:

[0063] I. Node generation and network structure:

[0064] Peer node: chaincode is deployed on Peer node, which reads and writes operations on the ledger, and also calculates the hash of the received fund or authentication information to generate a unique event code and returns it to the sender of the request for on-chain information. The received fund or authentication information and event code are sent to the corresponding Endorser node for endorsement, and the block sent by the orderer node is received for on-chain. There will be multiple Peer nodes in a blockchain network.

[0065] Generation method: equal number of nodes are generated by the distribution platform, third-party regulatory agencies, and approval party network agencies, and each agency is responsible for maintenance.

[0066] Orderer node: sorts transactions, batch packages, generates blocks, and sends to Peer node. There will be multiple Orderer nodes in a blockchain network, which provide sorting services together. The timestamp of transaction creation provides sorting services.

[0067] Generation method: generated by the distribution platform, third-party regulatory agencies, and approval party network agencies and responsible for one node.

[0068] Ensorder node accepts the information corresponding to the responsible information for authentication and endorsement and sends it to the Orderer node.

[0069] Generation method: generated by the approval party responsible for agricultural product approval and the bank responsible for fund circulation and responsible for it.

[0070] In addition, the network does not allow unauthorized nodes to join.

[0071] II. Peer node synchronization in network:

[0072] Based on the above network structure, a network synchronization occurs after each block is produced: each peer node, upon receiving a block, calculates the hash of the complete block and places it in a hash table. Therefore, the hash table stores the hash values ​​of all blocks. Each orderer node also stores the hash values ​​of all blocks. Once all peer nodes have completed uploading to the chain, they return confirmation to the orderer node.

[0073] Specifically, after receiving all confirmations, the three peer nodes calculate the hash value of the hash table. First, the three peer nodes check each other. After confirmation, one of the peer nodes broadcasts the hash to all peer nodes again. All peer nodes calculate their own hash table hash and compare them. If they are correct, they return "correct"; otherwise, they synchronize the ledger.

[0074] III. ESCC Execution Process of Endorsement System Chaincode:

[0075] Ensorder nodes receive on-chain requests from Peer nodes;

[0076] Determine whether the information falls within the scope of responsibility of this Ensorder node;

[0077] Check whether the relevant information matches the information to be uploaded to the blockchain; (whether the agricultural product information is in the relevant database of the approving authority or whether the fund flow information is accurate).

[0078] If they match, the message is digitally signed using the private key to endorse it; otherwise, it is returned to the corresponding peer node.

[0079] Once endorsement is complete, the original information, the signed information, the event code, and the timestamp from the signing process are sent to the Orderer node.

[0080] IV. Block Generation and On-Chain:

[0081] After receiving the information sent by the Ensorder node, the Orderer node uses the Ensorder node's public key to verify the information. If the verification is successful, all the information is combined to calculate a hash value, and the hash value, event code, and timestamp are packaged and put into the information pool.

[0082] When there are 1024 messages waiting to be uploaded to the chain in the information pool or when 15 minutes have elapsed, all the messages are arranged in order of timestamps to form the bottom layer of the hash tree. The three Orderer nodes check the hash tree structure and use the values ​​of all the generated leaf nodes without children as numbers. The event codes of the other leaf nodes are used as numbers to describe the tree using the child-sibling notation.

[0083] The root of the hash tree is taken as the data of the current block, and the hash of the block header is calculated together with the time stamp when the block is generated and the block header of the previous block as the block header of the current block;

[0084] The previous block header, the current block header, data, and a time stamp are used to generate a block, and the description of the hash tree of the current block is sent to a peer node for chain connection;

[0085] The peer node accepts the message and returns an acknowledgement message after chain connection;

[0086] The orderer node accepts all the acknowledgements, ends the chain connection, and starts network synchronization operation.

[0087] Embodiment

[0088] The embodiment of the application provides a blockchain-based agricultural product information authentication and fund tracing system. Based on the above embodiment, the blockchain-based agricultural product information authentication and fund tracing system architecture is as shown in Figure 2 The system comprises a user operation module, a function module, a blockchain module and a storage module. The user operation module comprises an information display and software interaction interface, and a user can log in, register, check information and the like through the module. The function module is realized through a server, corresponding processing is performed according to an operation request transmitted by a client, and corresponding data is returned, and relevant data is stored in a local database. The blockchain module needs to realize information verification and intelligent endorsement, and the blockchain is also stored through a local database of a node, and the network structure is also shown in the figure. The system can be well combined with the blockchain through the development of a communication protocol and the standardization of a data interface.

[0089] When a consumer checks information, the consumer clicks a query button on a corresponding interface, the system sends information to be verified and a corresponding event code to a random peer node, the peer node receives the event code, queries a block corresponding to the event code and a shortest path of a hash tree to a leaf from a database, queries values of all leaves and two children thereof on the shortest path from the database, calculates a root of the hash tree according to the values and a hash of the verified message, compares the calculated root with data in the block, and returns correct if the data are the same, or returns error if the data are not the same.

[0090] Further, the system adopts an elliptic curve encryption algorithm, and the specific implementation process is as follows:

[0091] 1. A user A selects an elliptic curve Ep(a, b), and takes a point on the elliptic curve as a base point G;

[0092] 2. The user A selects a private key k, and generates a public key K=kG;

[0093] 3. User A sends Ep(a,b) and points K, G to user B;

[0094] 4. User B receives the information, encodes the plaintext to be transmitted to a point M on Ep(a,b) (there are many encoding methods, which are not discussed here), and generates a random integer r (r < n);

[0095] 5. User B calculates points C1 = M + rK; C2 = rG;

[0096] 6. User B sends C1, C2 to user A;

[0097] 7. User A receives the information, calculates C1 - kC2, and the result is point M; because C1 - kC2 = M + rK - r(kG) = M + rK - r(kG) = M;

[0098] Decoding point M can obtain the plaintext.

[0099] In this encrypted communication, if there is a snooper H, only Ep(a,b), K, G, C1, C2 can be seen, and it is relatively difficult to obtain k through K and G or to obtain r through C2 and G. Therefore, H cannot obtain the plaintext information transmitted between A and B.

[0100] The application can realize that consumers realize the authentication of agricultural products and trace the accurate flow direction of funds through simple operation, makes the Fabric consensus mechanism more in line with the real needs of agricultural product information authentication and fund traceability, improves the redundant structure of the network, and increases the network performance.

[0101] The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any equivalent replacement or transformation made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present application is within the protection scope of the present application. The protection scope of the present application is subject to the claims.

Claims

1. A blockchain-based method for agricultural product information authentication and fund traceability, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Generate a blockchain network structure, wherein the blockchain network structure includes multiple Peer nodes, Orderer nodes and Endorser nodes, and the Endorser nodes are generated and managed by the agency responsible for agricultural product approval and the bank responsible for fund transfer; S2. Deploy the chaincode on the Peer node. The Peer node performs read and write operations on the ledger and requests the received funds or authentication information to be uploaded to the chain to calculate a hash and generate a unique event code. The received funds or authentication information and the event code are then sent to the corresponding Endorser node for endorsement. S3. After the Endorser node completes the endorsement, it sends the original information of the on-chain request, the signed information, the event code, and the timestamp of the signing to the Orderer node. S4. After receiving the information sent by the Endorser node, the Orderer node verifies the information using the Endorser node's public key. If the verification is successful, the hash value of all the information is calculated together. The block is generated by the hash value, event code, and timestamp and then sent to the Peer node for on-chain processing and stored in the corresponding database. Step S4 specifically includes the following steps: After receiving the information sent by the Endorser node, the Orderer uses the Endorser node's public key to verify the information. If the verification is successful, all information is combined to calculate a hash value, and the hash value, event code, and timestamp are packaged and put into the information pool. When there are 1024 messages waiting to be uploaded to the chain in the information pool or when 15 minutes have elapsed, all the messages are arranged in order of timestamps to form the bottom layer of the hash tree, generating a hash tree. The Orderer nodes check the hash tree structure and use the values ​​of all the generated leaf nodes without children as numbers, and the event codes of the other leaf nodes as numbers to describe the tree using the child-sibling notation. The root of the hash tree is used as the data of this block, and together with the timestamp when the block was generated and the block header of the previous block, a hash is calculated to form the block header of this block; the block header of the previous block, the block header of this block, the data, and the timestamp are used to generate a block and together with the description of the hash tree of this block are sent to the Peer node for on-chain processing; After receiving a message, the Peer node uploads it to the blockchain and returns a confirmation message; after receiving all confirmations, the Orderer node finishes uploading to the blockchain and begins network synchronization. S5. Repeat steps S2-S4 to complete the on-chaining of funds or authentication information. Perform a network synchronization after each block is produced. S6. Send the information to be verified along with the corresponding event code to a random Peer node. The Peer node queries the database for the block corresponding to this event code and the root of the corresponding hash calculation hash tree. It then compares the calculated root with the data in the block to complete information authentication and fund tracing. Step S6 specifically includes the following steps: The information that needs to be verified, along with the corresponding event code, is sent to a random peer node. After receiving the event code, the Peer node queries the database for the block corresponding to the event code and the shortest path from the corresponding hash tree to this leaf; Retrieve the values ​​of all leaves and their two children along the shortest path from the database; The root of the hash tree is calculated by combining the values ​​of all leaves on the shortest path and their two children with the hash of the verified message. The calculated root is compared with the data in the block. If they are the same, the system returns "correct"; otherwise, it returns "error".

2. The method for agricultural product information authentication and fund traceability based on blockchain as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The Peer nodes are generated in equal numbers by the distribution platform, the third-party regulatory agency, and the approval network agency, and are maintained by their respective agencies; the Orderer nodes are generated and managed by the distribution platform, the third-party regulatory agency, and the approval network agency, with each agency responsible for one node.

3. The method for agricultural product information authentication and fund traceability based on blockchain as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The network synchronization specifically includes: after each peer node receives an on-chain block, it calculates the hash of the complete block and puts it into a hash table; each orderer node stores the hash values ​​of all blocks, and all peer nodes return confirmation to the orderer node after completing on-chain processing.

4. The method for agricultural product information authentication and fund traceability based on blockchain as described in claim 3, characterized in that: After the three Orderer nodes receive all confirmations, they calculate the hash value of the hash table. First, the three Orderer nodes check each other. After confirmation, one of the Orderer nodes broadcasts the hash to all Peer nodes again. All Peer nodes calculate their own hash table hash value and compare them. If they are correct, they return "correct"; otherwise, they synchronize the ledger.

5. The method for agricultural product information authentication and fund traceability based on blockchain as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps S3 are as follows Includes the following steps: Endorser nodes receive requests to upload data to the blockchain from Peer nodes. Determine whether the information falls within the scope of responsibility of this Endorser node; Check if the relevant information matches the information to be uploaded to the chain. If they match, use the private key to digitally sign the information to endorse it. Otherwise, return to the corresponding Peer node. Once endorsement is complete, the original information, the signed information, the event code, and the timestamp from the signing process are sent to the Orderer node.

6. The method for agricultural product information authentication and fund traceability based on blockchain as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The blockchain network structure employs an elliptic curve cryptography algorithm.

7. A blockchain-based agricultural product information authentication and fund traceability system, characterized in that: The method for authenticating agricultural product information and tracing funds based on blockchain, as described in any one of claims 1-6, is used for querying agricultural products for specific models.

8. The blockchain-based agricultural product information authentication and fund traceability system as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The system includes a client and a blockchain server. The blockchain server processes the client's operation requests and returns the corresponding data.

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