A heat-dissipating transformer housing

Abstract

This invention discloses a heat-dissipating transformer housing, comprising an outer shell and an inner shell disposed within the outer shell. The outer shell has multiple ventilation and heat dissipation holes. A temperature sensor, a controller, and an air conditioner are disposed on the side wall of the inner shell. The output terminal of the temperature sensor is connected to the input terminal of the controller, and the output terminal of the controller is connected to the air conditioner. The controller controls the operation of the air conditioner based on the average internal temperature of the transformer housing measured by the temperature sensor. This design allows for real-time measurement of the transformer's internal temperature and transmission of the temperature signal to the controller. The controller then controls the air conditioner's operation based on the transformer's internal temperature, ensuring heat dissipation while reducing energy consumption and achieving high safety and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power equipment operation protection technology, specifically relating to a heat-dissipating transformer housing. Background Technology

[0002] As cities continue to expand, their electricity consumption is also increasing, leading to a growing number of indoor substations. Due to limited urban land and rising noise reduction requirements for indoor substations, the main transformer and radiators are often housed in the same indoor unit. This can result in poor ventilation and heat dissipation in the main transformer room, excessively high transformer temperatures that prevent safe, full-load operation, and pose significant safety hazards. Furthermore, indoor substations often generate considerable noise during operation, causing noise pollution, especially in residential buildings located near them. Therefore, improving ventilation and heat dissipation and reducing noise in the main transformer room is imperative. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a heat-dissipating transformer housing, solving the problem that the main transformer in an indoor substation cannot effectively dissipate heat during normal operation.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a heat-dissipating transformer housing, comprising an outer shell and an inner shell disposed within the outer shell. The outer shell has multiple exhaust and heat dissipation holes. A temperature sensor, a controller, and an air conditioner are disposed on the side wall of the inner shell. The output terminal of the temperature sensor is connected to the input terminal of the controller, and the output terminal of the controller is connected to the air conditioner. The controller is used to control the operating status of the air conditioner based on the average temperature inside the transformer housing measured by the temperature sensor.

[0005] Furthermore, the temperature sensor includes a patch sensor, an acoustic wave generator, and a computing chip. The patch sensor is used to measure the temperature at its installation location, the acoustic wave generator is used to emit and receive ultrasonic waves, and the computing chip calculates the average temperature inside the transformer casing based on the transit time of the ultrasonic waves inside the transformer and sends it to the controller.

[0006] Furthermore, the average temperature inside the transformer casing is obtained by the following method:

[0007] S1. Calculate the transit time based on the time of ultrasonic wave emission and reception by the sound wave generator, and calculate the speed of sound v(T(x)) at any point x inside the transformer when the temperature is T(x) using the transit time.

[0008] S2. Substitute the speed of sound v(T(x)) at any point x inside the transformer with temperature T(x) into the following formula to calculate the path temperature T:

[0009]

[0010] Where η is a constant, representing the mathematical influence coefficient of temperature on the speed of sound; v0 is the speed of sound of ultrasound at the reference temperature T0; and ΔL is the distance of ultrasound from the sound generator to any point x inside the transformer.

[0011] S3. Take a weighted average of all the calculated path temperatures T to obtain the average temperature inside the transformer casing.

[0012] Furthermore, a display screen is provided on the outer wall of the housing, and the display screen is electrically connected to the controller.

[0013] Furthermore, the controller uses a control chip with the model number TMS320F28034PNT.

[0014] Furthermore, all six side walls of the inner shell are made of aluminum plates, and the aluminum plates are provided with multiple holes.

[0015] Furthermore, the inner shell has a sidewall thickness of 10mm-30mm, an area porosity of 60%-90%, and a pore diameter of 1mm-5mm.

[0016] Furthermore, both the outer and inner shells have openings on their top plates.

[0017] Furthermore, a power interface control board is provided on the outer side of the housing, which is used to connect a power source to supply power to the temperature sensor, controller and air conditioner.

[0018] Furthermore, the outer shell is made of iron.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0020] This invention, by installing a temperature sensor, controller, and air conditioner in the housing, can measure the internal temperature of the transformer in real time and transmit the temperature signal to the controller. The controller controls the operation of the air conditioner based on the internal temperature of the transformer, ensuring heat dissipation while reducing energy consumption and achieving high safety and reliability.

[0021] Furthermore, a novel calculation method is employed to calculate the average temperature inside the transformer casing. By utilizing the basic theory of cross-correlation functions and interpolation functions, nanosecond-level measurements of ultrasonic signal transit time are achieved, enabling real-time measurement of the surface temperature of irregular objects such as transformers.

[0022] Furthermore, a display screen is installed on the outer wall of the casing to display the internal temperature of the transformer casing in real time and has an early warning function. The internal control chip adopts the TMS320F28034PNT model control chip, which is a 32-bit microcontroller that is resistant to high and low temperatures, has safe and stable transmission performance, and can compare the measured temperature with the specified threshold temperature and control the on / off of a miniature air conditioner.

[0023] Furthermore, the inner shell uses a noise-reducing microporous panel, which has an excellent sound absorption effect for low-frequency noise. The surface of the noise-reducing panel has multiple pores. After sound enters the pores, it is randomly reflected in the inner wall, which has a structure somewhat like a sponge, until most of the sound wave energy is consumed and turned into heat energy, thus achieving a sound insulation effect. This can greatly reduce noise pollution.

[0024] Furthermore, the noise-reducing microporous panel is 10mm-30mm thick, with an area porosity of 60%-90% and a hole diameter of 1mm-5mm. On average, it can reduce noise by 15dB-20dB, which can greatly reduce noise pollution. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a heat-dissipating transformer housing according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a transparent overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3a This is the front view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3b This is a front view that can be seen through the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4a This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the front inner side of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4b This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention, which is visible from the inside.

[0031] Figure 5a This is a schematic diagram of the left side of the front of the present invention (the right side is completely symmetrical to the left side);

[0032] Figure 5b This is a schematic diagram of the internal transparent structure on the left side of the front of the present invention (the right side is completely symmetrical to the left side);

[0033] Figure 6a This is a top view of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6b This is a top perspective view of the present invention.

[0035] In the attached diagram: 1. Opening, 2. Display screen, 3. Power interface control board, 4. Exhaust and heat dissipation vent, 5. Noise reduction panel, 6. Control chip, 7. Air conditioner, 8. Temperature sensor, 9. Sound wave generator, 10. Wire, 11. Outer shell, 12. Inner shell. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives and technical solutions of this invention clearer and easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 A heat-dissipating transformer housing includes an outer shell 11, an inner shell 12 disposed within a first outer shell, and a circuit 10 located in the gap between the outer shell 11 and the outer shell 12.

[0039] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3a and Figure 3b The outer casing 11 is made of iron. Multiple sets of exhaust and heat dissipation holes 4 are arranged in an array on the outer casing 11. A display screen 2 is located on the upper right side of the front of the outer casing 11. A power interface control board 3 is located on the lower right side of the front of the outer casing 11. An opening 1 is provided on the top surface of the outer casing. The opening 1 is an openable heat dissipation and observation opening.

[0040] The inner shell 12 includes six noise reduction panels 5, which together form the six sidewalls of a cuboid. Air conditioners 7 are installed on the upper left and right sidewalls, and temperature sensors 8 are installed on the lower left and right sidewalls of the second layer panel.

[0041] The outer casing 11 is made of stainless steel plate with a thickness of 2mm. Numerous ventilation holes are arranged on the front, left and right sides, top and bottom, and back of the casing. The upper right corner of the front of the outer casing 11 houses an LCD display screen. The LCD screen uses a JLX320160G-969-P dot-matrix LCD module with a viewing window size of 99.2mm × 56.2mm. It features a robust structure, low power consumption, and a wide storage temperature range of -30℃ to 80℃, making it suitable for monitoring the internal temperature of indoor substations.

[0042] The power interface control board 3 can be connected to a 220V three-core power plug for power supply to the entire transformer casing.

[0043] refer to Figure 6a and Figure 6b Opening 1 can be used for top heat dissipation and observation of the transformer's internal condition.

[0044] The noise reduction panel 5 uses an aluminum metal sound-absorbing panel, which has an excellent sound absorption effect for low-frequency noise. The distance between it and the outer shell can be customized according to actual conditions, and can be selected from 15mm to 30mm; the thickness of the noise reduction microporous panel is 10mm-30mm, preferably 20mm; the area porosity is 60% to 90%, preferably 90%; the hole diameter is 1mm to 5mm, preferably 1mm; on average, it can reduce noise by 15dB-20dB. The working principle is that the surface of the noise reduction panel 5 has many small holes. After the sound enters the holes, it will be randomly reflected in the inner wall, which is somewhat like a sponge, until most of the sound wave energy is consumed and turned into heat energy, thus achieving a sound insulation effect and greatly reducing noise pollution.

[0045] As shown in Figure 5, air conditioners 7, capable of discharging cool air, are installed slightly above the noise reduction panels 5 on the left and right sides of the inner shell. These are FF-400W miniature cabinet air conditioners, with two units installed on each side. The air conditioners 7 are connected to the control chip 6 via wires. When the internal temperature of the transformer exceeds a threshold, the control chip 6 can quickly adjust the internal temperature, resulting in low power consumption, high reliability, and rapid cooling. The control chip 6 uses a TMS320F28034PNT model, which is made of millimeter-scale silicon material, operates at temperatures from -40 to 200℃, has a maximum clock frequency of 60MHz, employs a 32-bit microcontroller, and is resistant to both high and low temperatures, ensuring safe and stable transmission performance.

[0046] Temperature sensors 8 are installed slightly below the noise reduction panels 5 on the left and right sides of the second outer shell. The temperature sensor 8 is a surface-mount temperature sensor of model MIK-WZP-PT100, with a temperature measurement range of -50–200℃. It has sufficient contact area and is very effective for temperature measurement of flat objects. The temperature sensor is connected to the internal circuit and has an attached acoustic wave generator. It performs temperature measurement and over-threshold warning through a corresponding algorithm.

[0047] Including the power interface control board 3, when running, turn on the power control board 3, plug it in with the 220V three-core power plug, and then connect each electrical component—display screen 2, control chip 6, air conditioner 7, temperature sensor 8 and sound wave generator 9—through the wires 10 located in the inner shell sandwich of the transformer in Figure 6. The entire transformer shell can then be powered on and perform the corresponding functions.

[0048] like Figure 4a and Figure 4b As shown, it also includes a control chip 6 embedded in the housing. The LCD screen 2 and the control chip 6 are soldered together via microcircuits and then connected to wires 10. The control chip 6 is connected to the surface-mount temperature sensor 8, the sound wave generator 9, and the LCD screen 2 via wires 10, thereby receiving data and issuing commands.

[0049] like Figure 5a and Figure 5b As shown, the improvements here include a patch-type temperature sensor 8 and a sound wave generator 9. The patch-type temperature sensor 8 has sufficient contact area with the inner shell, which has excellent effect on temperature measurement of flat objects. The patch-type temperature sensor 8 is connected to the internal circuit 10, and a sound wave generator 9 is attached to the patch-type temperature sensor 8. The sound wave generator is used for the emission and reception of ultrasonic waves, and performs temperature measurement and over-threshold warning through the following algorithm. The patch-type temperature sensor 8 imports the transit time signal of the emission and reception of ultrasonic waves into the built-in data RAM (data RAM type is SARAM) which has a pre-written ultrasonic temperature measurement algorithm representing the relationship between sound speed and temperature, so that the overall average temperature inside the transformer shell can be calculated.

[0050] Compared to traditional temperature algorithms, which can only calculate the temperature at a single point, the ultrasonic algorithm calculates the temperature over a region, thus better reflecting the actual temperature distribution. The specific algorithm is as follows:

[0051] Based on the numerical correlation between ultrasonic velocity and temperature in air, when an ultrasonic pulse emitted by a sound wave generator passes through any point on its propagation path inside the transformer casing, the velocity of sound is a function of the temperature at that point. Therefore, the transit time ΔG emitted by the sound wave generator is related to the temperature at any point on its propagation path. The transit time ΔG can be expressed by the following formula:

[0052]

[0053] In the formula: ΔG can be determined by the time difference between the emission and reception of the ultrasonic wave by the sound wave generator, and is a measured value; ΔL is the distance of the ultrasonic wave from the sound wave generator to any point x inside the transformer; v(T(x)) represents the speed of sound at any point x inside the transformer when the temperature is T(x).

[0054] As can be seen from equation (1), ΔG and ΔL are known quantities, while v(T(x)) is an unknown quantity. The value of v(T(x)) can be obtained by solving equation (1). Therefore, if we want to solve for the value of the ultrasonic wave path temperature T emitted by the sound wave generator, we need to establish the numerical relationship between v(T(x)) and the path temperature T.

[0055] Due to the relationship between path temperature T and average path speed There exists a numerical relationship, and v(T(x)) is the speed of sound at any point x inside the transformer when the temperature is T(x). Therefore, to establish the numerical relationship between v(T(x)) and the path temperature T, it is necessary to first establish the relationship between v(T(x)) and the average velocity along the path. The numerical relationship between them.

[0056] Based on the linear relationship between sound velocity and medium temperature, the average velocity... The mean expression can be determined by the following formula:

[0057]

[0058] The average velocity can be obtained from equation (2). The numerical expression is given. At this point, based on the path temperature T and the average speed of the path... The numerical function relationship is as follows:

[0059]

[0060] In the formula: T0 is the reference temperature, which is generally taken as 25℃ in actual engineering; v0 is the sound velocity of the ultrasonic wave at the reference temperature T0, which can be obtained by looking up a table; η is a constant, which represents the influence coefficient of temperature on the sound velocity. It is usually obtained through calibration tests. According to engineering requirements, this value is generally between 0.6 and 1.2, and can be determined according to the actual situation.

[0061] The path temperature T and the average speed of the path can be obtained from equation (3). Substituting equation (3) into equation (2) and rearranging, we obtain the numerical relationship of the path temperature T as follows:

[0062]

[0063] Substituting v(T(x)) obtained in equation (1) into equation (4), we can obtain the path temperature T. The path temperature T is the area temperature calculated by the ultrasonic algorithm. Then, by weighted averaging of all the path temperatures T calculated by the temperature sensor, we can obtain the characteristic average temperature inside the transformer.

[0064] By summarizing the above ultrasonic temperature algorithm, the algorithm calculates the transit time ΔG between the signal generator and the receiver, and then solves by combining equation (4) and equation (1) to complete the average temperature measurement of the internal area of ​​the transformer.

[0065] By calculating the average temperature of the transformer's internal area, and considering the small internal space, the average temperature calculated by the above algorithm can be approximated as the average temperature inside the transformer. This algorithm only requires knowing the echo delay ΔG of the sound wave to measure the average temperature inside the transformer—the overall average temperature measured by the surface-mount temperature sensors 8 in the left and right inner shells. The surface-mount temperature sensors 8 transmit the measured average temperature to the internal chip 6 via this algorithm and display it on the display screen 2. Simultaneously, it compares the temperature with a preset temperature threshold. If the temperature exceeds the threshold, an alarm graphic will immediately appear on the LCD screen 2 for warning, and the system will connect to the built-in air conditioner 7 via the internal circuit 10 for rapid cooling.

[0066] As shown in Figures 3 and 5, the main improvement of this invention is that the transformer shell is divided into inner and outer layers. The outer layer uses a conventional stainless steel shell, with ventilation holes 4 on the shell 11. A display screen 2 is also added to the shell 11, which can display and warn of the average internal temperature of the transformer shell in real time. An internal chip 6 is also used, greatly improving the processing power. The inner shell 12 mainly uses a noise-reducing panel 5, which has excellent sound absorption effect for low-frequency noise, greatly reducing noise emissions. A surface-mount temperature sensor 8 is used in conjunction with a sound wave generator 9, resulting in higher real-time temperature measurement accuracy. This sensor is connected to the internal chip 6 through an internal circuit 10, serving as a temperature monitoring and early warning system.

[0067] In summary, the above structure effectively reduces noise emissions in the main transformer room of an indoor substation, while also significantly improving ventilation and heat dissipation. When constructing the main transformer room, using this invention can greatly enhance the efficiency, safety, and stability of the main transformer, and also significantly reduce design costs associated with considering ventilation and noise reduction factors during the design phase.

[0068] The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made to the technical solution based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A heat-dissipating transformer housing, characterized in that, The device includes an outer shell (11) and an inner shell (12) disposed inside the outer shell (11). The outer shell (11) has multiple exhaust and heat dissipation holes (4). The inner shell (12) has a temperature sensor (8), a controller, and an air conditioner (7) disposed on its side wall. The output end of the temperature sensor (8) is connected to the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is connected to the air conditioner (7). The controller is used to control the operating status of the air conditioner (7) based on the average temperature inside the transformer casing measured by the temperature sensor (8). The temperature sensor (8) includes a patch sensor, a sound wave generator (9) and a computing chip. The patch sensor is used to measure the temperature at its installation location. The sound wave generator (9) is used to emit and receive ultrasonic waves. The computing chip calculates the average temperature inside the transformer casing based on the transit time of the ultrasonic waves inside the transformer and sends it to the controller. The average temperature inside the transformer casing is obtained by the following method: S1. Calculate the transit time based on the time it takes for the sound wave generator to emit and receive ultrasonic waves. Use the transit time to calculate the transit time at any point inside the transformer. x The temperature is T ( x The speed of sound at that time v ( T ( x )); S2, Place any point inside the transformer x The temperature is T ( x The speed of sound at that time v ( T ( x Substitute into the following formula to calculate the path temperature. T： ， in, η It is a constant, and its mathematical meaning is the coefficient of influence of temperature on the speed of sound. v 0 represents the ultrasonic wave at the reference temperature. T Speed ​​of sound at 0 T 0 is the reference temperature; Δ L For any point inside the transformer from the sound wave generator, the ultrasonic wave can travel from the sound wave generator. x The distance; S3. Calculate the temperatures of all paths. T A weighted average is performed to obtain the average temperature inside the transformer casing. The inner shell (12) has a sidewall thickness of 10mm-30mm, an area porosity of 60%-90%, and a hole diameter of 1mm-5mm.

2. The heat-dissipating transformer housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the housing (11) is provided with a display screen (2), and the display screen (2) is electrically connected to the controller.

3. A heat-dissipating transformer housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller uses a control chip with the model number TMS320F28034PNT.

4. A heat-dissipating transformer housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The six side walls of the inner shell (12) are all aluminum plates, and the aluminum plates are provided with multiple holes.

5. A heat-dissipating transformer housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the outer shell (11) and the inner shell (12) have openings (1) on their top plates.

6. A heat-dissipating transformer housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, A power interface control board (3) is provided on the outside of the housing (11). The power interface control board (3) is used to connect a power source to supply power to the temperature sensor (8), the controller and the air conditioner (7).

7. A heat-dissipating transformer housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer shell (11) is made of iron.

Images