Radio Link Monitoring RLM / Beam Failure Detection BFD Reference Signal RS for CORESET with multiple active transmission configuration indicator TCI states

Abstract

In some embodiments, a method of wireless communication includes: at a user equipment (UE), selecting one or more control resource sets (CORESETs) corresponding to the UE. At least one of the multiple CORESETs corresponds to multiple active transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states. The method also includes: performing a radio link monitoring (RLM) operation, a beam failure detection (BFD) operation, or both based on one or more reference signals (RS) corresponding to the active TCI states associated with the one or more selected CORESETs.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims the benefit of Greek Patent Application No. 20200100091, filed on February 21, 2020, entitled "Radio Link Monitoring (RLM) / Beam Failure Detection (BFD) Reference Signal (RS) for a CORESET (Control Resource Set) with Multiple Active Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) States", the entire contents of which are expressly incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] Various aspects of the techniques discussed below relate generally to wireless communication systems, and more particularly, to radio link monitoring and beam failure detection for a CORESET with multiple active transmission configuration indicator states. Background Art

[0004] Wireless communication networks are widely deployed to provide various communication services such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. These wireless networks may be multiple-access networks capable of supporting multiple users by sharing the available network resources. Such networks are typically multiple-access networks that support communication for multiple users by sharing the available network resources.

[0005] A wireless communication network may include several base stations or Node Bs that may support communication for several user equipments (UEs). A UE may communicate with a base station via a downlink and an uplink. A downlink (or forward link) refers to the communication link from a base station to a UE, and an uplink (or reverse link) refers to the communication link from a UE to a base station.

[0006] The base station may transmit data and control information to the UE on the downlink, and / or may receive data and control information from the UE on the uplink. On the downlink, the transmission from the base station may encounter interference from neighboring base stations or other wireless radio frequency (RF) transmitters. On the uplink, the transmission from the UE may encounter interference from uplink transmissions of other UEs communicating with neighboring base stations or from other wireless RF transmitters. This interference may degrade the performance of both the downlink and uplink.

[0007] As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase, the potential for interference and network congestion increases as more UEs access long-range wireless communication networks and more short-range wireless systems are deployed into communities. Research and development continues to advance wireless technology, not only to meet the growing demand for mobile broadband access, but also to advance and enhance the user experience of mobile communications. Summary of the invention

[0008] The following summarizes some aspects of the present disclosure to provide a basic understanding of the technology discussed. This summary is not a comprehensive overview of all expected features of the present disclosure, and is neither intended to identify key or important elements of all aspects of the present disclosure, nor to delimit the scope of any or all aspects of the present disclosure. Its sole purpose is to introduce some concepts of one or more aspects of the present disclosure in a summarized form as a preface to the more detailed description introduced later.

[0009] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a method of wireless communication includes: at a user equipment (UE), selecting one or more control resource sets (CORESETs) corresponding to the UE. At least one of the multiple CORESETs corresponds to multiple active transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states. The method also includes: performing a radio link monitoring (RLM) operation, a beam failure detection (BFD) operation, or both based on one or more reference signals (RS) corresponding to the active TCI states associated with the one or more selected CORESETs.

[0010] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a device configured for wireless communication is disclosed. The device includes at least one processor and a memory coupled to the at least one processor. The at least one processor is configured to select one or more CORESETs from a plurality of control resource sets (CORESETs) corresponding to the UE at a user equipment (UE). At least one of the plurality of CORESETs corresponds to a plurality of active transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states. The at least one processor is also configured to perform a radio link monitoring (RLM) operation, a beam failure detection (BFD) operation, or both based on one or more reference signals (RS) corresponding to the active TCI states associated with the one or more selected CORESETs.

[0011] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a device configured for wireless communication is disclosed. The device includes a device (means) for selecting one or more CORESETs from a plurality of control resource sets (CORESETs) corresponding to the UE at a user equipment (UE). At least one of the plurality of CORESETs corresponds to a plurality of active transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states. The device also includes a device for performing a radio link monitoring (RLM) operation, a beam failure detection (BFD) operation, or both based on one or more reference signals (RS) corresponding to the active TCI states associated with the one or more selected CORESETs.

[0012] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable medium stores instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform operations, including: at a user equipment (UE), selecting one or more CORESETs from a plurality of control resource sets (CORESETs) corresponding to the UE. At least one of the plurality of CORESETs corresponds to a plurality of active transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states. The operations also include: performing a radio link monitoring (RLM) operation, a beam failure detection (BFD) operation, or both based on one or more reference signals (RS) corresponding to the active TCI states associated with the one or more selected CORESETs.

[0013] For those of ordinary skill in the art, other aspects, features, and embodiments will become apparent after consulting specific, exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Although features may be discussed below with respect to specific aspects and the accompanying drawings, all aspects may include one or more advantageous features discussed herein. In other words, although one or more aspects may be discussed as having specific advantageous features, one or more of these features may also be used according to various aspects. In a similar manner, although exemplary aspects may be discussed below with respect to aspects of a device, system, or method, exemplary aspects may be implemented in various devices, systems, and methods.

[0014] The features and technical advantages of the examples according to the present disclosure have been outlined quite comprehensively above so that the following detailed description can be better understood. Other features and advantages will be described hereinafter. The disclosed concepts and specific examples can be easily used as a basis for modifying or designing other structures to achieve the same purpose of the present disclosure. Such equivalent structures do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the features of the concepts disclosed herein (the arrangement of the concepts and the method of operation) and the associated advantages will be better understood from the following description. Each of the drawings is provided for illustration and description and is not provided as a definition of limitations to the claims.

[0015] Although various aspects and embodiments are described in this application by illustrating some examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that additional embodiments and use cases may be generated in many different arrangements and scenarios. The innovation described herein can be implemented in many different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and packaging arrangements. For example, embodiments or uses may be generated via integrated chip implementations and other devices based on non-module components (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / purchasing equipment, medical equipment, devices implementing artificial intelligence (AI), etc.). Although some examples may or may not be specifically for use cases or applications, the comprehensive applicability of the described innovations may occur. The scope of implementation can range from chip-level or modular components to non-modular, non-chip-level implementations, and further to aggregated, distributed, or original equipment manufacturer (OEM) devices or systems containing one or more aspects of the described innovations. In some practical environments, the equipment containing the described aspects and features may also have to include additional components and features to implement and implement the claimed and described embodiments. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals must include several components for analog and digital (e.g., hardware components including antennas, radio frequency (RF) chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders / summers, etc.). The innovations described herein are intended to be implemented in a wide variety of devices, chip-level components, systems, distributed arrangements, end-user devices, etc., of different sizes, shapes, and configurations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The nature and advantages of the present disclosure may be further understood by reference to the following drawings. In the drawings, similar components or features may be labeled with the same reference numerals. In addition, various components of the same type may be distinguished by adding a dash after the reference numeral and a second label that distinguishes between similar components. If only the first reference numeral is used in the specification, the description applies to any one of the similar components having the same first reference numeral regardless of the second reference numeral.

[0017] Figure 1 is a block diagram illustrating details of a wireless communication system according to some aspects.

[0018] Figure 2 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating a design of a base station and a UE configured in accordance with some aspects.

[0019] Figure 3 is a block diagram of an example of a wireless communication system configured to implement radio link monitoring (RLM) / beam failure detection (BFD) for a control resource set (CORESET) with multiple active transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states.

[0020] Figure 4 is a first example of selecting one or more CORESETs for performing RLM / BFD at a UE.

[0021] Figure 5 is a second example of selecting one or more CORESETs for performing RLM / BFD at a UE.

[0022] Figure 6 is a third example of selecting one or more CORESETs for performing RLM / BFD at a UE.

[0023] Figure 7 is a fourth example of selecting one or more CORESETs for performing RLM / BFD at a UE.

[0024] Figure 8 is a flow diagram of an example of a method of selecting one or more CORESETs for performing RLM / BFD in accordance with some aspects.

[0025] Fig. 9 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating a design of a UE configured to select one or more CORESETs for performing RLM / BFD in accordance with some aspects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The detailed description made below in conjunction with the drawings is intended as a description of various configurations and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Instead, the detailed description includes specific details, the purpose of which is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific details are not required in every case, and in some cases, for clarity of presentation, well-known structures and components are shown in the form of block diagrams.

[0027] The present disclosure generally relates to providing or participating in communication between two or more wireless devices in one or more wireless communication systems (also referred to as wireless communication networks). In various embodiments, these techniques and devices can be used in wireless communication networks, such as code division multiple access (CDMA) networks, time division multiple access (TDMA) networks, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) networks, orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) networks, single carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) networks, LTE networks, GSM networks, 5th generation (5G) or new radio (NR) networks (sometimes referred to as "5G NR" networks / systems / devices), and other communication networks. As described herein, the terms "network" and "system" can be used interchangeably.

[0028] For example, a CDMA network may implement a radio technology such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), cdma2000, etc. UTRA includes Wideband-CDMA (W-CDMA) and Low Chip Rate (LCR). CDMA2000 includes IS-2000, IS-95, and IS-856 standards.

[0029] For example, a TDMA network may implement a radio technology such as GSM. 3GPP defines the standard for the GSM EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution) radio access network (RAN), also known as GERAN. GERAN and the network connecting base stations (e.g., Ater and Abis interfaces) and base station controllers (A interfaces, etc.) are all radio components of GSM / EDGE. The radio access network is a component of the GSM network, through which calls and packet data are routed from the public switched telephone network (PSTN) and the Internet to user phones (also known as user terminals or user equipment (UE)), and from user phones to the PSTN. The network of a mobile phone operator may include one or more GERANs, which may be coupled to a universal terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN) in the case of a UMTS / GSM network. The operator network may also include one or more LTE networks, and / or one or more other networks. Various network types may use different radio access technologies (RATs) and radio access networks (RANs).

[0030] OFDMA network can realize radio technology, such as evolution UTRA (E-UTRA), IEEE802.11, IEEE802.16, IEEE 802.20, flash-OFDM etc.UTRA, E-UTRA and global system for mobile communication (GSM) are parts of universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS).Specifically, long term evolution (LTE) is the version of UMTS using E-UTRA.UTRA, E-UTRA, GSM, UMTS and LTE are described in the document provided by the organization called "3rd generation partnership project" (3GPP), and cdma2000 is described in the document of the organization called "3rd generation partnership project 2" (3GPP2).These different radio technologies and standards are known or under development.For example, the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) is a cooperation between telecommunication association groups, aiming to define the third generation (3G) mobile phone specification applicable worldwide.3GPP long term evolution (LTE) is a 3GPP project, and its purpose is to improve the universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS) mobile phone standard. 3GPP can define the specifications for the next generation of mobile networks, mobile systems and mobile devices. This disclosure focuses on the evolution of wireless technology from LTE, 4G, 5G, NR and beyond, and the shared access to wireless spectrum between networks using a series of new and different radio access technologies or radio air interfaces.

[0031] 5G networks take into account diverse deployments, diverse spectrum, and diverse services and devices that can be implemented using a unified OFDM-based air interface. To achieve these goals, in addition to developing new radio technologies for 5G NR networks, further enhancements to LTE and LTE-A are also considered. 5G NR will be able to scale to (1) provide coverage for massive Internet of Things (IoT) with ultra-high density (e.g., ~1 million nodes / km2), ultra-low complexity (e.g., ~10 bits / second), ultra-low energy (e.g., ~10+ years of battery life), and deep coverage capable of reaching difficult locations; (2) provide coverage including mission-critical control with strong security to protect sensitive personal, financial, or confidential information, ultra-high reliability (e.g., ~99.9999% reliability), ultra-low latency (e.g., ~1 millisecond), and for users with extensive mobility or lack of mobility; and (3) provide coverage with enhanced mobile broadband including extreme high capacity (e.g., ~10 Tbps / km2), extreme data rates (e.g., multi-Gbps rates, greater than 100 Mbps user experience rates), and deep awareness with advanced discovery and optimization.

[0032] 5G NR devices, networks, and systems can be implemented to use optimized OFDM-based waveform features. These features may include: scalable numerology and transmission time intervals (TTIs); a general, flexible framework for efficiently multiplexing services and features through dynamic, low-latency time division duplex (TDD) / frequency division duplex (FDD) designs; and advanced wireless technologies such as massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), robust millimeter wave (mmWave) transmission, advanced channel coding, and device-centric mobility. The scalability of the numerology in 5G NR and the extension of subcarrier spacing can efficiently address the operation of different services between different spectrums and different deployments. For example, in various outdoor and macro coverage deployments of FDD / TDD implementations less than 3 GHz, the subcarrier spacing may appear at 15 kHz (e.g., on bandwidths of 1, 5, 10, 20 MHz, etc.). For other various outdoor and small cell coverage deployments of TDD greater than 3 GHz, the subcarrier spacing may appear at 30 kHz on a bandwidth of 80 / 100 MHz. For various other indoor wideband implementations, subcarrier spacing may occur at 60kHz over a 160MHz bandwidth using TDD in the unlicensed portion of the 5GHz band. Finally, for various deployments with mmWave components transmitting with TDD at 28GHz, subcarrier spacing may occur at 120kHz over a 500MHz bandwidth.

[0033] 5G NR's scalable parameter set facilitates scalable TTI for different latency and quality of service (QoS) requirements. For example, shorter TTIs can be used for low latency and high reliability, while longer TTIs can be used for higher spectral efficiency. Efficient multiplexing of long and short TTIs allows transmission to start on symbol boundaries. 5G NR also allows for a self-contained integrated subframe design with uplink / downlink scheduling information, data, and acknowledgment in the same subframe. The self-contained integrated subframe supports communications in unlicensed or contention-based shared spectrum, and adaptive uplink / downlink can be flexibly configured on a per-cell basis, dynamically switching between uplink and downlink to meet current traffic needs.

[0034] For clarity, certain aspects of the apparatus and techniques may be described below with reference to exemplary LTE implementations or in an LTE-centric manner, and in parts of the following description, LTE terminology may be used as an illustrative example; however, the description is not intended to be limited to LTE applications. In fact, the present disclosure relates to shared access to wireless spectrum between networks using different radio access technologies or radio air interfaces (such as 5G NR).

[0035] In addition, it should be understood that in operation, the wireless communication network adapted according to the concepts herein can operate with any combination of licensed or unlicensed spectrum according to load and availability. Therefore, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the systems, devices and methods described herein can be applied to other communication systems and applications besides the specific examples provided.

[0036] Although various aspects and embodiments are described in this application by illustrating some examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that additional implementations and use cases may occur in many different arrangements and scenarios. The innovations described herein can be implemented in many different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and packaging arrangements. For example, various embodiments and / or uses may occur via integrated chip embodiments and / or other devices based on non-module components (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / procurement equipment, medical devices, AI-enabled devices, etc.). Although some examples may or may not be specifically targeted at use cases or applications, the innovations described may have wide applicability. The range of implementations may be from chip-level or modular components to non-modular, non-chip-level implementations, and further to aggregated, distributed, or OEM devices or systems containing one or more of the described aspects. In some practical environments, devices incorporating the described aspects and features may also necessarily include additional components and features to implement and implement the required and described embodiments. It is intended that the innovations described herein may be implemented in a variety of embodiments, including both large and small devices of varying sizes, shapes, and configurations, chip-level components, multi-component systems (e.g., RF chains, communication interfaces, processors), distributed arrangements, end-user devices, etc.

[0037] Figure 1 A wireless network 100 for communication according to some embodiments is shown. The wireless network 100 may, for example, include a 5G wireless network. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, Figure 1 The components appearing in may have related counterparts in other network arrangements, including, for example, cellular network arrangements and non-cellular network arrangements (eg, device-to-device or peer-to-peer or ad hoc network arrangements, etc.).

[0038] Figure 1The wireless network 100 shown includes several base stations 105 and other network entities. The base station can be a station that communicates with the UE, and can be called an evolved node B (eNB), a next generation eNB (gNB), an access point, etc. Each base station 105 can provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area. In 3GPP, the term "cell" can refer to the specific geographic coverage area of ​​the base station and / or base station subsystem serving the coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. In the embodiment of the wireless network 100 herein, the base station 105 can be associated with the same operator or different operators (for example, the wireless network 100 can include multiple operator wireless networks), and can provide wireless communication using one or more frequencies (for example, one or more frequency bands in a licensed spectrum, an unlicensed spectrum, or a combination thereof) that are the same as those of the neighboring cells. In some examples, a single base station 105 or UE115 can be operated by more than one network operating entity. In other examples, each base station 105 and UE 115 can be operated by a single network operating entity.

[0039] A base station may provide communication coverage for a macro base station or a small cell (such as a pico cell or a femto cell) and / or other types of cells. A macro cell generally covers a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and may allow unrestricted access to UEs that subscribe to services from a network provider. Small cells (such as pico cells) generally cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access to UEs that subscribe to services from a network provider. Small cells (such as femto cells) generally also cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and, in addition to unrestricted access, may provide restricted access to UEs associated with the femto cell (e.g., UEs in a closed subscriber group (CSG), UEs of users in a home, etc.). The base station of a macro cell may be referred to as a macro base station. The base station of a small cell may be referred to as a small cell base station, a pico base station, a femto base station, or a home base station. In Figure 1 In the example shown, base stations 105d and 105e are ordinary macro base stations, while base stations 105a to 105c are macro base stations that implement one of 3-dimensional (3D) MIMO, full-dimensional (FD) MIMO, or massive MIMO. Base stations 105a to 105c utilize their high-dimensional MIMO capabilities to utilize 3D beamforming in beamforming in elevation and azimuth to increase coverage and capacity. Base station 105f is a small cell base station that can be a home node or a portable access point. The base station can support one or more (e.g., two, three, four, etc.) cells.

[0040] Wireless network 100 may support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, base stations may have similar frame timing, and transmissions from different base stations may be approximately aligned in time. For asynchronous operation, base stations may have different frame timing, and transmissions from different base stations may not be aligned in time. In some cases, the network may be enabled or configured to handle dynamic switching between synchronous operation or asynchronous operation.

[0041] UE 115 is dispersed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE may be fixed or mobile. It should be understood that, although mobile devices are generally referred to as user equipment (UE) in the standards and specifications promulgated by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), such devices may also be referred to as mobile stations (MS), user stations, mobile units, user units, wireless units, remote units, mobile devices, wireless devices, wireless communication devices, remote devices, mobile user stations, access terminals (AT), mobile terminals, wireless terminals, remote terminals, handsets, terminals, user agents, mobile clients, clients or other appropriate terms by those skilled in the art. In this article, a "mobile" device or UE does not necessarily require the ability to move, and may be stationary. Some non-limiting examples of mobile devices (such as embodiments that may include one or more UEs 115) include mobile phones, cellular (cell) phones, smart phones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, laptops, personal computers (PCs), notebooks, netbooks, smart books, tablet computers, gaming devices, reality modification devices (e.g., extended reality (XR), augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR)), entertainment devices, and personal digital assistants (PDAs). In addition, the mobile device may be an "Internet of Things" (IoT) or "Internet of Everything" (IoE) device, such as a car or other transportation vehicle, a satellite radio, a global positioning system (GPS) device, a logistics controller, a drone, a multi-rotor aircraft, a quadcopter, a smart energy or security device, a solar panel or solar array, municipal lighting, water or other infrastructure; industrial automation and enterprise equipment; consumer and wearable devices, such as glasses, wearable cameras, smart watches, health or fitness trackers, mammal implants, gesture tracking devices, medical devices, digital audio players (e.g., MP3 players), cameras, game consoles, etc.; and digital home or smart home devices, such as home audio, video and multimedia devices, home appliances, sensors, vending machines, smart lighting, home security systems, smart meters, etc. In one aspect, the UE may be a device including a universal integrated circuit card (UICC). In another aspect, the UE may be a device that does not include a UICC. In some aspects, a UE that does not include a UICC may also be referred to as an IoE device. Figure 1The UEs 115a to 115d of the illustrated embodiment are examples of mobile smartphone-type devices accessing the wireless network 100. The UE may also be a machine specifically configured for connected communications, including machine type communications (MTC), enhanced MTC (eMTC), narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), etc. Figure 1 The illustrated UEs 115 e through 115 k are examples of various machines configured for communications accessing the wireless network 100 .

[0042] A mobile device, such as UE 115, can communicate with any type of base station, whether macro, pico, femto, repeater, etc. Figure 1 In the present invention, a lightning beam (e.g., a communication link) indicates a wireless transmission between a UE and a serving base station (specifying a base station serving the UE on a downlink and / or uplink), or an expected transmission between base stations, and a backhaul transmission between base stations. Backhaul communications between base stations of the wireless network 100 may occur using wired and / or wireless communication links.

[0043] In operation of the wireless network 100, base stations 105a to 105c serve UEs 115a and 115b using 3D beamforming and coordinated spatial techniques such as coordinated multipoint (CoMP) or multi-connectivity. Macro base station 105d performs backhaul communications with base stations 105a to 105c and small cells, base station 105f. Macro base station 105d also transmits multicast services that are subscribed to and received by UEs 115c and 115d. Such multicast services may include mobile television or streaming video, or may include other services that provide community information, such as weather emergencies or alerts, such as Amber alerts or gray alerts.

[0044] The wireless network 100 can support mission-critical communications with ultra-reliable and redundant links with mission-critical devices, such as UE 115e as a drone. The redundant communication links with UE 115e include links from macro base stations 105d and 105e, and small cell base station 105f. Other machine-type devices, such as UE 115f (thermometer), UE 115g (smart meter), and UE 115h (wearable device), can communicate directly with base stations, such as small cell base station 105f and macro base station 105e, through the wireless network 100, or in a multi-hop configuration by communicating with another user device that relays its information to the network, such as UE 115f transmitting temperature measurement information to the smart meter (UE 115g), which is then reported to the network through the small cell base station 105f. The wireless network 100 may also provide additional network efficiency through dynamic, low-latency TDD / FDD communications, such as in a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) mesh network between UEs 115i to 115k communicating with a macro base station 105e.

[0045] Figure 2 A block diagram showing a design of a base station 105 and a UE 115, which may be Figure 1 For the restricted association scheme (described above), the base station 105 can be any base station and UE in Figure 1 The small cell base station 105f in the example, and the UE 115 may be a UE 115c or 115d operating in the service area of ​​the base station 105f, which will be included in the list of accessible UEs of the small cell base station 105f in order to access the small cell base station 105f. The base station 105 may also be some other type of base station. Figure 2 As shown, the base station 105 can be equipped with antennas 234a through 234t, and the UE 115 can be equipped with antennas 252a through 252r, to facilitate wireless communications.

[0046] At the base station 105, the transmission processor 220 can receive data from the data source 212 and control information from the controller / processor 240. The control information can be used for a physical broadcast channel (PBCH), a physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH), a physical hybrid ARQ (automatic repeat request) indicator channel (PHICH), a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), an enhanced physical downlink control channel (EPDCCH), an MTC physical downlink control channel (MPDCCH), etc. The data can be used for PDSCH, etc. The transmission processor 220 can process (e.g., encode and symbol map) the data and the control information to obtain data symbols and control symbols, respectively. The transmission processor 220 can also generate reference symbols (e.g., for a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS)) and a cell-specific reference signal. (If applicable), the transmission (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 can perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on ​​the data symbols, control symbols, and / or reference symbols, and can provide output symbol streams to modulators (MODs) 232a to 232t. Each modulator 232 can process a corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain an output sample stream. Additionally or alternatively, each modulator 232 can process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. The downlink signals from modulators 232a through 232t can be transmitted via antennas 234a through 234t, respectively.

[0047] At the UE 115, antennas 252a to 252r can receive downlink signals from the base station 105 and can provide received signals to demodulators (DEMOD) 254a to 254r, respectively. Each demodulator 254 can adjust (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert and digitize) the corresponding received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator 254 can also process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain received symbols. The MIMO detector 256 can obtain the received symbols from the demodulators 254a to 254r, (if applicable), perform MIMO detection on the received symbols, and provide the detected symbols. The receiving processor 258 can process (e.g., demodulate, deinterleave and decode) the detected symbols, provide the decoded data of the UE 115 to the data sink 260, and provide the decoding control information to the controller / processor 280.

[0048] On the uplink, at the UE 115, a transmit processor 264 may receive and process data (e.g., of a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)) from a data source 262 and control information (e.g., of a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH)) from a controller / processor 280. The transmit processor 264 may also generate reference symbols for a reference signal. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 266 (if applicable), further processed by modulators 254a through 254r (e.g., for SC-FDM, etc.), and transmitted to the base station 105. At the base station 105, the uplink signals from the UE 115 may be received by the antenna 234, processed by the demodulator 232, detected by the MIMO detector 236 (if applicable), and further processed by the receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted by the UE 115. The receive processor 238 may provide decoded data to a data sink 239 and decode control information to a controller / processor 240 .

[0049] The controllers / processors 240 and 280 may direct operations at the base station 105 and the UE 115, respectively. The controller / processor 240 and / or other processors and modules at the base station 105 and / or the controller / processor 280 and / or other processors and modules at the UE 115 may perform or direct the execution of various processes for the techniques described herein, such as performing or directing Figure 8 The execution shown and / or other processes of the techniques described herein. Memories 242 and 282 may store data and program codes for base station 105 and UE 115, respectively. Scheduler 244 may schedule UEs for data transmission on the downlink and / or uplink.

[0050] Wireless communication systems operated by different network operating entities (e.g., network operators) may share spectrum. In some cases, a network operating entity may be configured to use the entire designated shared spectrum at least for a certain period of time before another network operating entity uses the entire designated shared spectrum for a different period of time. Therefore, in order to allow network operating entities to use the entire designated shared spectrum and to mitigate interfering communications between different network operating entities, specific resources (e.g., time) may be divided and allocated to different network operating entities for specific types of communications.

[0051] For example, a network operating entity may be allocated specific time resources reserved for dedicated communications by the network operating entity using the entire shared spectrum. A network operating entity may also be allocated other time resources where the entity has a preference over other network operating entities to use the shared spectrum for communications. These time resources are prioritized for use by the network operating entity and may be opportunistically used by other network operating entities if the prioritized network operating entity does not use them. Additional time resources may be opportunistically allocated for use by any network operator.

[0052] Access to the shared spectrum and arbitration of time resources between different network operating entities may be centrally controlled by a single entity, automatically determined through a predefined arbitration scheme, or dynamically determined based on interactions between the network operator's wireless nodes.

[0053] In some cases, the UE 115 and the base station 105 may operate in a frequency band of a shared radio spectrum, which may include licensed or unlicensed (e.g., contention-based) spectrum. In the unlicensed frequency portion of the frequency band of the shared radio spectrum, the UE 115 or the base station 105 may conventionally perform a medium sensing process to contend for access to the spectrum. For example, the UE 115 or the base station 105 may perform a listen-before-talk (LBT) process (such as a clear channel assessment (CCA) before communication) to determine whether the shared channel is available. CCA may include an energy detection process to determine whether there are any other active transmissions. For example, the device may infer that a change in the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of the power meter indicates that the channel is occupied. Specifically, a signal power concentrated in a particular bandwidth and exceeding a predetermined noise floor may indicate another wireless transmitter. CCA may also include detection of a specific sequence indicating channel use. For example, another device may transmit a specific preamble before transmitting a data sequence. In some cases, the LBT process may include the wireless node adjusting its own backoff window based on the amount of energy detected on the channel and / or acknowledgement / negative acknowledgement (ACK / NACK) feedback of its own transmitted packets as a conflicting proxy.

[0054] One type of network supported in 5G NR is a single frequency network (SFN). In NR's SFN, more than one transmission reception point (TRP) / plane transmits the same control signal or data at the same time, on the same resources, with the same waveform / modulation / coding / scrambling. From the UE's perspective, this appears to be a single transmission because the two transmissions are combined over the air. In NR, there are at least two options for SFN. The first option is a transparent SFN, where the transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state of the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) passing through the SFN is based on a reference signal (RS), such as a channel state information (CSI) signal or synchronization signal block (SSB) that also passes through the SFN. The quasi-co-location (QCL) attribute of the PDSCH passing through the SFN can be derived based on the associated RS passing through the SFN. The indicated TCI state determines the RS used to derive the QCL attribute. The second option is a non-transparent SFN, where the TCI state of the PDSCH passing through the SFN is based on an indication of two TCI states. The QCL property of the PDSCH through the SFN may be derived based on the two indicated TCI states. For example, the UE may calculate a composite QCL relationship based on the two indicated TCI states.

[0055] The TCI state may be indicated in the scheduling downlink control information (DCI) (e.g., the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH)) for the UE to use when selecting a receive (Rx) beam. To support the non-transparent SFN option, more than one (e.g., two) TCI states need to be indicated. In some versions of the 5G standard (e.g., the 3GPP standard), two TCI states can be indicated, but for spatial division multiplexing (SDM) / frequency division multiplexing (FDM) / time division multiplexing (TDM) transmissions from multiple TRPs, rather than for SFN transmissions. For illustration, one TCI code point (e.g., three bits in the scheduling DCI) may indicate one or two TCI states. When two TCI states are indicated, the PDSCH may be received based on SDM (e.g., different multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) layers from different TRPs), FDM (e.g., different resource blocks (RBs)), or TDM (e.g., different symbols / slots). The same concept of two TCI states per TCI code point can be applied to SFN, adding additional indications in the DCI or higher layer signaling to distinguish SFN from others (e.g., SDM / FDM / TDM). In some embodiments, a single control resource set (CORESET) can have two TCI states for SFN transmission. For example, a PDCCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS) (1 port) is associated with two active TCI states. The media access control control element (MAC CE) for CORESET TCI state indication can be extended to indicate two TCI states at a time. If a DMRS port is associated with two TCI states, the PDCCH can be transmitted over the SFN.

[0056] Radio link monitoring (RLM) and beam failure detection (BFD) are important operations at the UE. The RLM and BFD processes maintain link quality to ensure minimum control channel decoding. The periodic CSI-RS or SSB set by the higher layer configuration can be used by the UE to evaluate the radio link quality (e.g., performing RLM, BFD, or both). In NR, the RadioLinkMonitoringRS configured by the higher layer can be configured with purpose={beamFailure,rlf,both}, although this configuration is optional. If the UE is not explicitly configured with CSI-RS, SSB, or both for RLM and BFD, the UE uses a quasi-co-located CSI-RS or SSB with a DMRS associated with the CORESET that the UE monitors for PDCCH reception (e.g., the same transmit (Tx) beam used for CSI-RS or SSB as PDCCH). This corresponds to the CSI-RS or SSB provided by the active TCI state associated with the CORESET. When the radio link or beam quality of all corresponding resources used by the UE to evaluate the radio link quality is higher than the threshold Qout When the condition is poor, the physical layer in the UE (e.g., in a periodic manner for RLM and in an aperiodic manner for BFD) provides an indication to higher layers. In this case, in response, a radio link failure is declared, or a beam failure recovery procedure is initiated.

[0057] As described above, if the UE is not explicitly configured with resources for RLM and BFD, the UE determines the RS for link quality assessment based on the configured active TCI state of the CORESET. If the CORESET has one active TCI state, and the TCI state has up to one RS with spatial Rx parameters (e.g., QCL-TypeD parameters), the UE may select the RS indicated by the active TCI state of the CORESET. However, if the CORESET has two (or more) active TCI states, and therefore the CORESET may have up to two RS with spatial Rx parameters, the UE may not be able to determine which RS to use to perform RLM / BFD.

[0058] The present disclosure provides systems, devices, methods and computer-readable media for implementing RLM and BFD of a CORESET with multiple active TCI states. The present disclosure provides a technique for selecting one or more RSs for performing RLM and BFD operations by a UE when the UE corresponds to (e.g., is assigned to) a CORESET including multiple active TCI states (e.g., not a single active TCI state) or is associated therewith. For illustration, the UE may select one or more CORESETs from multiple CORESETs corresponding to (e.g., assigned to) the UE. At least one of the multiple CORESETs corresponds to multiple (e.g., at least two) active TCI states. The UE may also perform RLM operations, BFD operations, or both based on one or more RSs corresponding to active TCI states associated with one or more selected CORESETs. In some embodiments, the UE may select a subset of CORESETs with a single active TCI state. In some other embodiments, the UE may specify multiple virtual CORESETs based on a CORESET with two active TCI states. In some other embodiments, the UE may prioritize CORESETs and RSs based on various parameters to select one or more RSs for performing RLM operations, BFD operations, or both. In some other embodiments, the UE may perform RLM operations, BFD operations, or both on multiple different RSs and derive a combined metric for the CORESET. In this way, for a CORESET with two active TCI states, the UE may select one or more RSs for performing RLM operations, BFD operations, or both, which enables support for RLM and BFD operations for a CORESET with two active TCI states.

[0059] Figure 3 is a block diagram of an example wireless communication system 300 configured to implement RLM / BFD for a CORESET with multiple active TCI states. In some examples, the wireless communication system 300 can implement aspects of the wireless network 100. The wireless communication system 300 includes a UE 115 and a base station 105. Although one UE and one base station are shown, in other implementations, the wireless communication system 300 can include more than one UE, more than one base station, or both.

[0060] The UE 115 may include various components (e.g., structures, hardware components) for performing one or more functions described herein. For example, these components may include a processor 302, a memory 304, a transmitter 306, and a receiver 308. The processor 302 may be configured to execute instructions stored at the memory 304 to perform the operations described herein. In some embodiments, the processor 302 includes or corresponds to the controller / processor 280, and the memory 304 includes or corresponds to the memory 282. In some embodiments, the processor 302 may include an RLM / BFD detector 320 configured to perform RLM operations, BFD operations, or both on one or more RSs as further described herein. In addition, the memory 304 may be configured to store a plurality of CORESETs 322 corresponding to (e.g., allocated or assigned to) the UE 115. At least some of the plurality of CORESETs 322 may correspond to a plurality (e.g., at least two) active TCI states as further described herein. As described herein, “storing” a CORESET 322 may refer to (eg, temporarily) storing identifiers or indicators and parameters corresponding to the CORESET 322 for use in selecting one or more CORESETs 322 .

[0061] The transmitter 306 is configured to transmit data to one or more other devices, and the receiver 308 is configured to receive data from one or more other devices. For example, the transmitter 306 can transmit data via a network (such as a wired network, a wireless network, or a combination thereof), and the receiver 308 can receive data via a network. For example, the UE 115 can be configured to transmit or receive data via a direct device-to-device connection, a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a modem-to-modem connection, the Internet, an intranet, an extranet, a cable transmission system, a cellular communication network, any combination of the above, or any other communication network now known or later developed that allows two or more electronic devices to communicate. In some embodiments, the transmitter 306 and the receiver 308 can be replaced with a transceiver. Additionally or alternatively, the transmitter 306, the receiver 308, or both may include or correspond to reference Figure 2 One or more components of UE 115 are described.

[0062] The base station 105 may include various components (e.g., structures, hardware components) for performing one or more functions described herein. For example, these components may include a processor 312, a memory 314, a transmitter 316, and a receiver 318. The processor 312 may be configured to execute instructions stored at the memory 314 to perform the operations described herein. In some embodiments, the processor 312 includes or corresponds to the controller / processor 240, and the memory 314 includes or corresponds to the memory 242.

[0063] The transmitter 316 is configured to transmit data to one or more other devices, and the receiver 318 is configured to receive data from one or more other devices. For example, the transmitter 316 can transmit data via a network (such as a wired network, a wireless network, or a combination thereof), and the receiver 318 can receive data via a network. For example, the base station 105 can be configured to transmit or receive data via a direct device-to-device connection, a LAN, a WAN, a modem-to-modem connection, the Internet, an intranet, an extranet, a cable transmission system, a cellular communication network, any combination of the above, or any other communication network now known or later developed that allows two or more electronic devices to communicate. In some embodiments, the transmitter 316 and the receiver 318 can be replaced with a transceiver. Additionally or alternatively, the transmitter 316, the receiver 318, or both can include or correspond to reference Figure 2 One or more components of base station 105 are described.

[0064] In certain embodiments, the wireless communication system 300 is configured to implement a 5G network. For example, the UE 115, the base station 105, or both may be configured to operate according to 5G NR wireless communication standard specifications (such as those promulgated by the IEEE).

[0065] During operation of the wireless communication system 300, the UE 115 may select one or more CORESETs 324 from a plurality of CORESETs 322 corresponding to (e.g., assigned or allocated to) the UE 115. For example, the memory 304 may be configured to store indicators or identifiers and parameters corresponding to the plurality of CORESETs 322, and the RLM / BFD detector 320 (e.g., the processor 302) may select one or more CORESETs 324 from the plurality of CORESETs 322. A CORESET is a set of physical resources and parameters for carrying a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) / downlink control information (DCI). A CORESET is similar to a PDCCH region of LTE, except that in LTE, the PDCCH is always spread over the entire channel bandwidth, while in NR, a CORESET region is localized to a specific region in the frequency domain. One or more CORESETs 324 may be selected according to one or more options as further described herein for receiving downlink transmissions from the base station 105.

[0066] The RLM / BFD detector 320 may perform an RLM operation, a BFD operation, or both based on one or more RSs corresponding to an active TCI state associated with one or more CORESETs 324. The one or more RSs may include one or more CSI-RSs, one or more SSBs, or both. For example, the base station 105 may transmit one or more RSs, such as a first CSI-RS 330 (e.g., “CSI-RS_1”), a first SSB 332 (e.g., “SSB_1”), a second CSI-RS 334 (e.g., “CSI-RS_2”), and a second SSB 336 (e.g., “SSB_2”) to the UE 115 as a non-limiting example. The UE 115 (e.g., the RLM / BFD detector 320) may select one or more RSs corresponding to the active TCI state of the one or more CORESETs 324 from among the first CSI-RS 330, the first SSB 332, the second CSI-RS 334, and the second SSB 336, and perform an RLM operation, a BFD operation, or both on the one or more selected RSs. Performing RLM operation, BFD operation, or both can maintain the link quality between UE 115 and base station 105, thereby ensuring the minimum required control channel decoding by UE 115. For example, if the first CSI-RS 330 corresponds to one or more CORESETs 324, the UE 115 (e.g., the RLM / BFD detector 320) can perform RLM operation, BFD operation, or both based on the first CSI-RS 330. Performing RLM operation, BFD operation, or both can include performing one or more signal measurements (e.g., signal strength measurement, etc.) with reference to the first CSI-RS 330, decoding the first CSI-RS 330, performing other operations, or a combination thereof. As another example, if the second CSI-RS 334 and the second SSB 336 correspond to one or more CORESETs 324, the UE 115 (e.g., the RLM / BFD detector 320) can perform RLM operation, BFD operation, or both based on the second CSI-RS 334 and the second SSB 336.

[0067] In some embodiments (e.g., the first option), the UE 115 selects only CORESETs with a single active TCI state. For example, if only a subset of the plurality of CORESETs 322 includes a plurality of active TCI states, then one or more CORESETs 324 (e.g., the selected CORESETs) each correspond to a single active TCI state. Figure 4 A first example of selecting one or more CORESETs for performing RLM / BFD at a UE (e.g., UE 115) is shown. Figure 4In the example of , the UE 115 may be allocated or assigned a plurality of CORESETs (e.g., a plurality of CORESETs 322), including a first CORESET 402 (e.g., "CORESET 1"), a second CORESET 404 (e.g., "CORESET 2"), a third CORESET 406 (e.g., "CORESET 3"), and a fourth CORESET 408 (e.g., "CORESET 4"). In other examples, the plurality of CORESETs 322 may include less than four CORESETs or more than four CORESETs.

[0068] exist Figure 4 In the example of , some of the CORESETs 402-408 correspond to a single active TCI state, and some of the CORESETs 402-408 correspond to multiple (e.g., two) active TCI states. For illustration, the first CORESET 402 corresponds to a first active TCI state 410 (e.g., "active TCI state 1"), the second CORESET 404 corresponds to a second active TCI state 412 (e.g., "active TCI state 2") and a third active TCI state 414 (e.g., "active TCI state 3"), the third CORESET 406 corresponds to a fourth active TCI state 416 (e.g., "active TCI state 4"), and the fourth CORESET 408 corresponds to a fifth active TCI state 418 (e.g., "active TCI state 5") and a sixth active TCI state 420 (e.g., "active TCI state 6"). Each active TCI state is associated with a corresponding RS. For example, the first active TCI state 410 is associated with the first RS 430 (e.g., “RS 1”), the second active TCI state 412 is associated with the second RS 432 (e.g., “RS 2”), the third active TCI state 414 is associated with the third RS 434 (e.g., “RS 3”), the fourth active TCI state 416 is associated with the fourth RS 436 (e.g., “RS4”), the fifth active TCI state 418 is associated with the fifth RS 438 (“RS 5”), and the sixth active TCI state 420 is associated with the sixth RS 440 (e.g., “RS 6”). In some embodiments, one or more of the first RS 430, the second RS 432, the third RS 434, the fourth RS 436, the fifth RS 438, or the sixth RS 440 includes or corresponds to Figure 3 One or more of the first CSI-RS 330, the first SSB 332, the second CSI-RS 334, or the second SSB 336.

[0069] exist Figure 4In the example of , the UE 115 selects a CORESET corresponding to each single active TCI state. For example, at 450, the UE 115 selects the first CORESET 402 (corresponding to the first active TCI state 410) and the third CORESET 406 (corresponding to the fourth active TCI state 416). The second CORESET 404 and the fourth CORESET 408 are not selected because they correspond to two active TCI states. After selecting the CORESET corresponding to the single active TCI state, at 452, the UE 115 sorts (e.g., prioritizes) the selected CORESETs. The sorting may be based on one or more parameters or characteristics. After sorting the selected CORESETs, the UE 115 selects the CORESET with the highest priority (e.g., ranked first) as one or more CORESETs 324 for performing RLM operations, BFD operations, or both. For example, the UE 115 may select the third CORESET 406 and perform RLM operations, BFD operations, or both based on the fourth RS 436. Although described as selecting a single CORESET from the ordered list, in other embodiments, the UE 115 selects multiple CORESETs (e.g., the highest priority CORESET(s) from the list). The number of CORESETs selected may be based on specific parameters as further described herein.

[0070] In some embodiments, the UE 115 may sort the selected CORESETs based on the monitoring period of the search space of the multiple CORESETs. For example, the one or more CORESETs 324 may include a single CORESET having a search space with the shortest monitoring period of the search space of the multiple CORESETs 322 (or the CORESETs in the multiple CORESETs 322 corresponding to only a single active TCI state). For illustration, the third CORESET 406 may have a search space with a shorter monitoring period than the search space of the first CORESET 402. In some other embodiments, the UE 115 may sort the selected CORESETs based on the monitoring period of the search space of the CORESET 322 (or the CORESETs in the multiple CORESETs 322 corresponding to only a single active TCI state), and if more than one CORESET is associated with the search space with the same monitoring period, the UE 115 may sort the remaining CORESETs based on sorting by the highest CORESET index. For example, the one or more CORESETs 324 may include a single CORESET having a search space with a shortest monitoring period of the search spaces of the multiple CORESETs 322 and a highest CORESET index of the multiple CORESETs 322. To further illustrate, the third CORESET 406 and the first CORESET 402 may have a search space with the same monitoring period, but the third CORESET 406 may have a higher CORESET index than the first CORESET 402, so the UE 115 selects the third CORESET 406 as the one or more CORESETs 324. In other embodiments, the selected CORESETs may be ranked (e.g., prioritized) based on other parameters or characteristics.

[0071] Back to Figure 3 In some other embodiments (e.g., the second option), the UE 115 may select a CORESET with a single active TCI state and a CORESET with multiple active TCI states as one or more CORESETs 324. Selecting a CORESET with multiple active TCI states may include designating a virtual CORESET with a single active TCI state. Figure 5 A second example of selecting one or more CORESETs for performing RLM / BFD at a UE (e.g., UE 115) is shown. Figure 5In the example of , UE 115 is allocated or assigned multiple CORESETs (e.g., multiple CORESETs 322), including a first CORESET 502 (e.g., "CORESET 1") and a second CORESET 504 (e.g., "CORESET 2"). In other examples, multiple CORESETs 322 may include less than two CORESETs or more than two CORESETs.

[0072] exist Figure 5 In the example of , some of the CORESETs 502-504 correspond to a single active TCI state, and some of the CORESETs 502-504 correspond to multiple (e.g., two) active TCI states. For illustration, the first CORESET 502 corresponds to a first active TCI state 510 (e.g., “active TCI state 1”), and the second CORESET 504 corresponds to a second active TCI state 512 (e.g., “active TCI state 2”) and a third active TCI state 514 (e.g., “active TCI state 3”). Each active TCI state is associated with an RS. For example, the first active TCI state 510 is associated with a first RS 520 (e.g., “RS 1”), the second active TCI state 512 is associated with a second RS 522 (e.g., “RS 2”), and the third active TCI state 514 is associated with a third RS 524 (e.g., “RS 3”). In some embodiments, one or more of the first RS 520, the second RS 522, or the third RS 524 includes or corresponds to Figure 3 One or more of the first CSI-RS 330, the first SSB 332, the second CSI-RS 334, or the second SSB 336.

[0073] exist Figure 5 In the example of , the UE 115 specifies multiple virtual CORESETs for the second CORESET 504, each virtual CORESET corresponding to a different active TCI state. For example, at 530, the UE 115 specifies a first virtual CORESET 506 corresponding to the second active TCI state 512 and a second virtual CORESET 508 corresponding to the third active TCI state 514. Therefore, the one or more CORESETs 324 include the first CORESET 502, the first virtual CORESET 506, the second virtual CORESET 508, or a combination thereof.

[0074] After designating the virtual CORESETs for the CORESETs corresponding to the two active TCI states, the UE 115 sorts (e.g., prioritizes) the CORESETs and the virtual CORESETs at 532. For example, the UE 115 may sort the CORESETs and the virtual CORESETs based on one or more parameters or characteristics. After sorting the CORESETs and the virtual CORESETs, the UE 115 may select one or more of the CORESETs and the virtual CORESETs as one or more CORESETs 324 for performing RLM operations, BFD operations, or both. For example, the UE 115 may perform RLM operations, BFD operations, or both on the RSs corresponding to the selected CORESETs and virtual CORESETs.

[0075] In some implementations, the UE 115 selects all CORESETs and virtual CORESETs as one or more CORESETs 324. In addition, if the maximum number of RLM RSs (e.g., N RLM ) is less than (e.g., less than) the total number of CORESETs (including actual and virtual), the UE 115 may select the N provided for the active TCI state of the CORESET based on the ranking. RLM RS. Thus, one or more CORESETs 324 may include up to a maximum number (e.g., N) defined in higher layer signaling. RLM ). To further illustrate, when the maximum number of RSs is less than the number of CORESETs in the plurality of CORESETs 322, (e.g., at 532) the UE 115 sorts the plurality of CORESETs 322 and selects the CORESET with the highest sort corresponding to the maximum number of RSs as the one or more CORESETs 324. For example, the UE 115 may sort (e.g., prioritize) the first virtual CORESET 506 as first, the second virtual CORESET 508 as second, and the first CORESET 502 as third. If the maximum number of RSs (e.g., N RLM ) is one, the UE 115 selects the first virtual CORESET 506 as the one or more CORESETs 324. If the maximum number of RSs is more than one, the UE 115 selects more than one CORESET from the sorted list.

[0076] In some embodiments, sorting the (actual and virtual) CORESETs includes sorting the CORESETs based on the monitoring periods of the corresponding search spaces. For example, the CORESET corresponding to the search space with the lowest monitoring period may be ranked first, the CORESET corresponding to the search space with the second lowest monitoring period may be ranked second, and so on. In some embodiments, sorting the CORESETs also includes sorting the (actual or virtual) CORESETs corresponding to the same monitoring period based on the corresponding CORESET indexes. For example, if two CORESETs correspond to search spaces with the same monitoring period, the (actual or virtual) CORESET with the highest (e.g., maximum) CORESET index is ranked first. In some embodiments, sorting the CORESETs also includes: for two virtual CORESETs with the same monitoring period and the same CORESET index, sorting the two virtual CORESETs based on the TCI state identifier (ID) corresponding to the active TCI state of the two virtual CORESETs, and the RS type corresponding to the RS associated with the active TCI state of the two virtual CORESETs, or both. For example, if both the first virtual CORESET 506 and the second virtual CORESET 508 have the same monitoring period and the same CORESET index, the first virtual CORESET 506 and the second virtual CORESET 508 may be sorted based on the TCI state IDs corresponding to the second active TCI state 512 and the third active TCI state 514, respectively (e.g., with higher / larger TCI state IDs placed first). As another example, if the first virtual CORESET 506 and the second virtual CORESET 508 have the same monitoring period and the same CORESET index, the first virtual CORESET 506 may be sorted before the second virtual CORESET 508 based on the second RS 522 being a CSI-RS and the third RS 524 being an SSB (e.g., the CSI-RS may have a higher priority than the SSB). In other embodiments, the SSB may have a higher priority than the CSI-RS. The priority of the type of RS may be radio resource control (RRC) configured as further described herein. In other embodiments, the CORESETs (real and virtual) may be ranked based on other parameters or characteristics.

[0077] Back to Figure 3 In some embodiments (eg, the third option), the UE 115 selects a single RS of a CORESET corresponding to two active TCI states for performing RLM operations, BFD operations, or both. Figure 6A third example of selecting one or more CORESETs for performing RLM / BFD at a UE (e.g., UE 115) is shown. Figure 6 In the example of , UE 115 may be allocated or assigned multiple CORESETs (e.g., multiple CORESETs 322), including a first CORESET 602 (e.g., "CORESET 1"), a second CORESET 604 (e.g., "CORESET 2"), and a third CORESET 606 (e.g., "CORESET 3"). In other examples, multiple CORESETs 322 may include less than three CORESETs or more than three CORESETs.

[0078] exist Figure 6 In the example of , some of the CORESETs 602-606 correspond to a single active TCI state, and some of the CORESETs 602-606 correspond to multiple (e.g., two) active TCI states. For illustration, the first CORESET 602 corresponds to a first active TCI state 610 (e.g., "active TCI state 1") and a second active TCI state 612 (e.g., "active TCI state 2"), the second CORESET 604 corresponds to a third active TCI state 614 (e.g., "active TCI state 3"), and the third CORESET 606 corresponds to a fourth active TCI state 616 (e.g., "active TCI state 4") and a fifth active TCI state 618 (e.g., "active TCI state 5"). Each active TCI state is associated with a RS. For example, the first active TCI state 610 is associated with the first RS 620 (e.g., “RS 1”), the second active TCI state 612 is associated with the second RS 622 (e.g., “RS 2”), the third active TCI state 614 is associated with the third RS 624 (e.g., “RS 3”), the fourth active TCI state 616 is associated with the fourth RS 626 (e.g., “RS 4”), and the fifth active TCI state 618 is associated with the fifth RS 628 (e.g., “RS 5”). In some embodiments, one or more of the first RS 620, the second RS 622, the third RS 624, the fourth RS 626, or the fifth RS 628 includes or corresponds to Figure 3 One or more of the first CSI-RS 330, the first SSB 332, the second CSI-RS 334, or the second SSB 336.

[0079] The UE 115 may select a CORESET with two active TCI states for performing RLM operation, BFD operation, or both. For example, at 630, the UE 115 may select a first CORESET 602. In some embodiments, a plurality of CORESETs (e.g., a plurality of CORESETs 322 including a first CORESET 602, a second CORESET 604, and a third CORESET 606) may be ranked as described above with reference to the second option, and a first (e.g., highest priority) CORESET may be selected. Additionally or alternatively, a CORESET may be selected for receiving a PDCCH. Thus, one or more CORESETs 324 may include a first CORESET 602 corresponding to a first active TCI state 610 and a second active TCI state 612.

[0080] In some embodiments, the UE 115 may select an RS for performing RLM operation, BFD operation, or both based on the spatial Rx parameters of the RS corresponding to the active TCI state of the selected CORESET. For example, if the first CORESET 602 is the selected CORESET and only one of the RSs has a spatial Rx parameter, the RS with the spatial Rx parameter may be selected for performing RLM operation, BFD operation, or both. In some embodiments, the spatial Rx parameter is a QCL-TypeD parameter as defined in one or more wireless communication standards. If two RSs corresponding to the active TCI state of the selected CORESET have spatial Rx parameters, the UE 115 selects the RS based on other parameters or characteristics as further described herein.

[0081] To illustrate, in Figure 6 In the example of , some RSs have spatial Rx parameters and other RSs do not have spatial Rx parameters. For example, the first RS 620 and the second RS 622 have spatial Rx parameters (as indicated by “(SP)”), and the third RS 624, the fourth RS 626, and the fifth RS 628 do not have spatial Rx parameters (as indicated by “(no SP)”). Therefore, when the first CORESET 602 is selected, the two RSs (e.g., the first RS 620 and the second RS 622) associated with the corresponding active TCI state (e.g., the first active TCI state 610 and the second active TCI state 612) have spatial Rx parameters. Because the two RSs have spatial Rx parameters, the selected RS is based on additional parameters or characteristics. For example, at 632, the UE 115 can sort the active TCI states and associated RSs based on the parameters or characteristics, and the UE 115 can select the highest ranked (e.g., prioritized) active TCI state and associated RS. Figure 6 In the example of , the highest priority active TCI state and RS are the second active TCI state 612 and the second RS 622 .

[0082] In some embodiments, when the first RS 620 and the second RS 622 have spatial Rx parameters, one or more RSs are selected from the first RS 620 and the second RS 622 based on the RS types of the first RS 620 and the second RS 622. The RS type may include a CSI-RS and an SSB. For example, an RS as a CSI-RS in the first RS 620 and the second RS 622 may be selected. Alternatively, an RS as an SSB in the first RS 620 and the second RS 622 may be selected. The selected RS type may be RRC configurable. For example, the base station 105 may transmit an RRC message 338 to the UE 115. The RRC message 338 may include sorting information 340 that may indicate an RS type (e.g., CSI-RS or SSB) to be prioritized. For example, the UE 115 may select the second RS 622 based on the second RS 622 having an RS type indicated by the sorting information 340.

[0083] In some embodiments, when the first RS 620 and the second RS 622 have the same RS type, the UE 115 selects one or more RSs from the first RS 620 and the second RS 622 based on the order of the periods of the first RS 620 and the second RS 622. The order of the period may correspond to an increasing or decreasing order. For example, the UE 115 may select the RS with the smallest (e.g., least) period. Alternatively, the UE 115 may select the RS with the largest (e.g., most) period. In some embodiments, the order of the selected period is RRC configurable. For example, the base station 105 may transmit an RRC message 338 to the UE 115. The RRC message 338 may include ordering information 340 that may indicate the order of the period to be prioritized (e.g., increasing or decreasing). For example, the UE 115 may select the second RS 622 based on the second RS 622 having a period indicated by the ordering information 340.

[0084] In some embodiments, when the first RS 620 and the second RS 622 have the same period, the UE 115 selects one or more RSs from the first RS 620 and the second RS 622 based on the sorting of the TCI state index. The sorting of the TCI state index may correspond to an increasing or decreasing sorting. For example, the UE 115 may select the RS corresponding to the active TCI state with the minimum (e.g., least) TCI state index. Alternatively, the UE 115 may select the RS corresponding to the active TCI state with the maximum (e.g., most) TCI state index. In some embodiments, the selected TCI state index sorting is RRC configurable. For example, the base station 105 may transmit an RRC message 338 to the UE 115. The RRC message 338 may include sorting information 340 that may indicate the sorting (e.g., increasing or decreasing) of the TCI state index to be prioritized. For example, the UE 115 may select the second RS 622 based on the second active TCI state 612 having the TCI state index indicated by the sorting information 340.

[0085] In some embodiments, when the first RS 620 and the second RS 622 have the same period, the UE 115 selects one or more RSs from the first RS 620 and the second RS 622 based on the order of the RS resource index. The order of the RS resource index may include the order of the CSI-RS index, the order of the SSB index, or both. The order of the RS resource index may correspond to an ascending or descending order. For example, the UE 115 may select the RS with the smallest (e.g., least) CSI-RS index or SSB index. Alternatively, the UE 115 may select the RS with the largest (e.g., most) CSI-RS index or SSB index. In some embodiments, the selected RS resource index order (and RS resource index type) is RRC configurable. For example, the base station 105 may transmit an RRC message 338 to the UE 115. The RRC message 338 may include ordering information 340 that may indicate the order of the RS resource index to be prioritized (e.g., ascending or descending), the type of RS resource index to be prioritized (e.g., CSI-RS index or SSB index), or both. For example, UE 115 can select second RS 622 based on that second RS 622 has RS resource index type and index indicated by sorting information 340. Although the specific sorting of parameters / features has been used to describe the sorting operation above, in other embodiments, other parameters / features can be used to put RS in the front. For example, UE 115 can first sort by RS period, and secondly sort by RS type, rather than first sort by RS type. Other examples are also contemplated. In other embodiments, UE 115 can sort RS based on other parameters or features.

[0086] Back to Figure 3 In some embodiments (eg, the fourth option), the UE 115 may select multiple RSs from the CORESETs corresponding to multiple active TCI states, and perform RLM operations, BFD operations, or both based on the multiple RSs to determine a combined radio link quality assessment. Figure 7 A fourth example of selecting one or more CORESETs for performing RLM / BFD at a UE (e.g., UE 115) is shown. Figure 7 In the example of , UE 115 may be allocated or assigned multiple CORESETs (e.g., multiple CORESETs 322), including a first CORESET 702 (e.g., "CORESET 1"), a second CORESET 704 (e.g., "CORESET 2"), and a third CORESET 706 (e.g., "CORESET 3"). In other examples, multiple CORESETs 322 may include less than three CORESETs or more than three CORESETs.

[0087] exist Figure 7 In the example of , some of the CORESETs 702-706 correspond to a single active TCI state, and some of the CORESETs 702-706 correspond to multiple (e.g., two) active TCI states. For example, the first CORESET 702 corresponds to a first active TCI state 710 (e.g., “active TCI state 1”) and a second active TCI state 712 (e.g., “active TCI state 2”), the second CORESET 704 corresponds to a third active TCI state 714 (e.g., “active TCI state 3”), and the third CORESET 706 corresponds to a fourth active TCI state 716 (e.g., “active TCI state 4”) and a fifth active TCI state 718 (e.g., “active TCI state 5”). Each active TCI state is associated with a RS. For example, the first active TCI state 710 is associated with the first RS 720 (e.g., “RS 1”), the second active TCI state 712 is associated with the second RS 722 (e.g., “RS 2”), the third active TCI state 714 is associated with the third RS 724 (e.g., “RS 3”), the fourth active TCI state 716 is associated with the fourth RS 726 (e.g., “RS 4”), and the fifth active TCI state 718 is associated with the fifth RS 728 (e.g., “RS 5”). In some embodiments, one or more of the first RS 720, the second RS 722, the third RS 724, the fourth RS 726, or the fifth RS 728 may include or correspond to Figure 3One or more of the first CSI-RS 330, the first SSB 332, the second CSI-RS 334, or the second SSB 336.

[0088] The UE 115 may select a CORESET with two active TCI states for performing RLM operation, BFD operation, or both. For example, at 730, the UE 115 may select the first CORESET 702. In some embodiments, a plurality of CORESETs (e.g., a plurality of CORESETs 322 including the first CORESET 702, the second CORESET 704, and the third CORESET 706) may be ranked as described above with reference to the second option, and the first (e.g., highest priority) CORESET may be selected. Additionally or alternatively, a CORESET may be selected for receiving a PDCCH. Thus, one or more CORESETs 324 may include a first CORESET 702 corresponding to a first active TCI state 710 and a second active TCI state 712.

[0089] exist Figure 7 In the example of , UE 115 may use the first RS 720 and the second RS 722 in performing RLM and BFD operations. For example, UE 115 may perform a first RLM operation, a first BFD operation, or both based on the first RS 720 (corresponding to the first active TCI state 710) to generate a first assessment of radio link quality, and UE 115 may perform a second RLM operation, a second BFD operation, or both based on the second RS 722 (corresponding to the second active TCI state 712) to generate a second assessment of radio link quality. In some embodiments, the assessment of radio link quality may include or correspond to a block error rate (BLER) or a reference signal received power (RSRP). After determining the first assessment of radio link quality and the second assessment of radio link quality, at 732, UE 115 determines a combined radio link quality assessment.

[0090] In some embodiments, after determining the first assessment of radio link quality and the second assessment of radio link quality, the UE 115 selects the first assessment of radio link quality or the second assessment of radio link quality as a combined metric for a CORESET (e.g., the first CORESET 702). The combined metric for the CORESET may be based on a selection criterion. For example, the selection criterion may indicate whether a lowest (e.g., least) or highest (e.g., most) assessment of radio link quality is selected as the combined metric for the CORESET. In some embodiments, the selection criterion is RRC configurable. For example, the base station 105 may transmit an RRC message 338 to the UE 115. The RRC message 338 may include a criterion 342 indicating whether a lowest (e.g., least) or highest (e.g., most) assessment of radio link quality is selected as the combined metric for the CORESET.

[0091] In some other embodiments, the UE 115 may determine a combined radio link quality assessment based on the first assessment of the radio link quality and the second assessment of the radio link quality. For example, the UE 115 may calculate an average assessment of the radio link quality based on the first assessment of the radio link quality and the second assessment of the radio link quality. In some embodiments, the average value is an arithmetic mean. In some other embodiments, the average value is a geometric mean. In some other embodiments, the average value is a harmonic mean.

[0092] In some other embodiments, the UE 115 may determine a CSI-RS (or SSB) resource associated with two TCI states (e.g., a CSI-RS for SFN transmission), and if the TCI state pair matches the TCI state associated with the CORESET, the UE 115 may use the CSI-RS for link quality assessment. For example, the one or more CORESETs 324 may include a single CORESET corresponding to two or more active TCI states. The one or more RSs used by the UE 115 to perform RLM operations, BFD operations, or both include RSs associated with the same two or more active TCI states as the single CORESET. Therefore, if the UE 115 determines a single RS (e.g., CSI-RS or SSB) associated with two or more active TCI states of a single CORESET, the single RS may be used for link quality assessment.

[0093] Back to Figure 3, the UE 115 may select one or more CORESETs 324 based on a criterion. The criterion may be RRC configurable. For example, the base station 105 may transmit an RRC message 338 to the UE 115. The RRC message 338 may include or indicate a criterion 342. The criterion 342 may indicate an option (e.g., a first option, a second option, a third option, or a fourth option) for the UE 115 to select the one or more CORESETs 324. Alternatively, the criterion 342 may indicate details of selecting the one or more CORESETs 324 based on aspects of the options. For example, the criterion 342 may indicate that in the fourth option, if two active TCI states are used for SFN transmission of the PDSCH, the maximum (or minimum) link quality assessment should be used for the combined metric of the CORESET, but if the two active TCI states are used for SDM / FDM / TDM transmission of the PDSCH, the average of the first link quality assessment and the second link quality assessment should be used as the combined metric of the CORESET. In some other embodiments, the selection of one or more CORESETs 324 is based on one or more rules preconfigured at the UE 115 prior to deployment. For example, the memory 304 can be configured to store rules 326. Similar to the criteria 342, the rules 326 can indicate aspects of the options for determining one or more CORESETs 324 or the options to be used.

[0094] therefore, Figure 3 A wireless communication system 300 is described that enables a UE 115 to select an RS for performing RLM / BFD operations for a CORESET corresponding to two active TCI states. For example, the UE 115 may select one or more CORESETs corresponding to the UE 115, and may use RSs associated with the active TCI states of the one or more CORESETs for performing RLM operations, BFD operations, or both. In this way, link quality assessment may be performed for a CORESET with multiple active TCI states, such as a CORESET for implementing SFN.

[0095] Figure 8 is a flowchart showing example blocks executed to implement one aspect of the present disclosure. Fig. 9 The example blocks are described with reference to UE 115 as shown. Fig. 9 1 is a block diagram illustrating a UE 115 configured according to one aspect of the present disclosure. The UE 115 includes a Figure 21. The structure, hardware, and components of the UE 115 are shown in FIG. 1. For example, the UE 115 includes a controller / processor 280 that operates to execute logic or computer instructions stored in a memory 282 and controls components of the UE 115 that provide the features and functions of the UE 115. Under the control of the controller / processor 280, the UE 115 transmits and receives signals via wireless radios 901a-r and antennas 252a-r. The wireless radios 901a-r include the following: Figure 2 2. Various components and hardware are shown in FIG. 2, including modulators / demodulators 254a-r, a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a transmit processor 264, and a TX MIMO processor 266.

[0096] In block 800, the UE selects one or more CORESETs from a plurality of CORESETs corresponding to the UE. At least one of the plurality of CORESETs corresponds to two active TCI states. The UE 115 may execute CORESET selection logic 902 stored in the memory 282 under the control of the controller / processor 280. The execution environment of the CORESET selection logic 902 provides functionality to select one or more CORESETs from a plurality of CORESETs corresponding to the UE 115. At least one of the plurality of CORESETs corresponds to two active TCI states.

[0097] In block 801, the UE performs RLM operations, BFD operations, or both based on one or more RSs corresponding to active TCI states associated with one or more CORESETs. The UE 115 may execute RLM / BFD logic 903 stored in the memory 282 under the control of the controller / processor 280. The execution environment of the RLM / BFD logic 903 provides functionality for performing RLM operations, BFD operations, or both based on one or more RSs corresponding to active TCI states associated with one or more CORESETs.

[0098] Techniques for implementing RLM and / or BFD for a CORESET with multiple active TCI states may include other aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein. In these aspects, the UE may include at least one processor and a memory coupled to the at least one processor. The at least one processor may be configured to select one or more CORESETs from a plurality of CORESETs corresponding to the UE at the UE. At least one of the plurality of CORESETs corresponds to a plurality of active TCI states. The at least one processor may also be configured to perform RLM operations, BFD operations, or both based on one or more RSs corresponding to the active TCI states associated with the one or more CORESETs. In other embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may store instructions that, when executed by a processor (of the UE), cause the processor to perform the operations described herein.

[0099] In a first aspect, the one or more RSs include one or more channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS), one or more synchronization signal blocks (SSBs), or both.

[0100] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, one or more CORESETs each correspond to a single active TCI state.

[0101] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with the second aspect, the one or more CORESETs include a single CORESET having a search space having a shortest monitoring period of the search spaces of the plurality of CORESETs.

[0102] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with the second aspect, the one or more CORESETs include a single CORESET having a search space with a shortest monitoring period of the search spaces of the plurality of CORESETs and a highest CORESET index of the plurality of CORESETs.

[0103] In the fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, the multiple CORESETs include a first CORESET corresponding to a first active TCI state and a second CORESET corresponding to a second active TCI state and a third active TCI state, and the UE specifies a first virtual CORESET corresponding to the second active TCI state and a second virtual CORESET corresponding to the third active TCI state.

[0104] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with the fifth aspect, the one or more selected CORESETs include a first CORESET, a first virtual CORESET, a second virtual CORESET, or a combination thereof.

[0105] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with the sixth aspect, one or more selected CORESETs include up to a maximum number of RSs defined in higher layer signaling.

[0106] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with the seventh aspect, when the maximum number of RSs is less than the number of CORESETs in a plurality of CORESETs, the UE sorts the plurality of CORESETs and selects the CORESET with the highest sort corresponding to the maximum number of RSs as one or more selected CORESETs.

[0107] In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with the eighth aspect, sorting the plurality of CORESETs comprises: sorting the plurality of CORESETs based on a monitoring period of a corresponding search space.

[0108] In the tenth aspect, alone or in combination with the ninth aspect, sorting the plurality of CORESETs further comprises: sorting the CORESETs corresponding to the same monitoring period based on corresponding CORESET indexes.

[0109] In the eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with the tenth aspect, sorting multiple CORESETs also includes: for two virtual CORESETs having the same CORESET index, sorting the two virtual CORESETs based on a TCI state identifier (ID) corresponding to the active TCI state of the two virtual CORESETs, and an RS type corresponding to the RS associated with the active TCI state of the two virtual CORESETs, or both.

[0110] In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, the one or more selected CORESETs include a CORESET corresponding to a first active TCI state and a second active TCI state.

[0111] In the thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with the twelfth aspect, the first active TCI state corresponds to a first RS having spatial receiver (Rx) parameters, the second active TCI state corresponds to a second RS without spatial Rx parameters, and one or more RSs include the first RS but not the second RS.

[0112] In the fourteenth aspect, alone or in combination with the twelfth aspect, the first active TCI state corresponds to a first RS having first spatial receiver (Rx) parameters, the second active TCI state corresponds to a second RS having second spatial RX parameters, and one or more RSs are selected from the first RS and the second RS based on the RS types of the first RS and the second RS.

[0113] In a fifteenth aspect, alone or in combination with the fourteenth aspect, the RS type includes a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) and a synchronization signal block (SSB), and the selected RS type is radio resource control (RRC) configurable.

[0114] In the sixteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the fourteenth to fifteenth aspects, when the first RS and the second RS have the same RS type, one or more RSs are selected from the first RS and the second RS based on the sorting of the periods of the first RS and the second RS.

[0115] In a seventeenth aspect, alone or in combination with the sixteenth aspect, the ordering of the cycles corresponds to an ascending or descending ordering, and the selected ordering of the cycles is radio resource control (RRC) configurable.

[0116] In the eighteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the sixteenth to seventeenth aspects, when the first RS and the second RS have the same period, one or more RSs are selected from the first RS and the second RS based on the sorting of the TCI state index.

[0117] In a nineteenth aspect, alone or in combination with the eighteenth aspect, the ordering of the TCI state indexes corresponds to an increasing or decreasing ordering, and the selected TCI state index ordering is radio resource control (RRC) configurable.

[0118] In a twentieth aspect, alone or in combination with the sixteenth aspect, when the first RS and the second RS have the same period, one or more RSs are selected from the first RS and the second RS based on a ranking of RS resource indexes.

[0119] In the twenty-first aspect, alone or in combination with the twentieth aspect, the ordering of RS resource indexes includes the ordering of channel state information resource signal (CSI-RS) indexes, the ordering of synchronization signal block (SSB) indexes, or both, and the selected RS resource index ordering is radio resource control (RRC) configurable.

[0120] In the twenty-second aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of aspects 12 to 21, performing an RLM operation, a BFD operation, or both includes: performing a first RLM operation, a first BFD operation, or both based on a first RS corresponding to a first active TCI state to generate a first assessment of the radio link quality, and performing a second RLM operation, a second BFD operation, or both based on a second RS corresponding to a second active TCI state to generate a second assessment of the radio link quality.

[0121] In a twenty-third aspect, alone or in combination with the twenty-second aspect, the UE selects the first assessment of radio link quality or the second assessment of radio link quality based on a selection criterion.

[0122] In a twenty-fourth aspect, alone or in combination with the twenty-third aspect, the selection criteria is radio resource control (RRC) configurable.

[0123] In a twenty-fifth aspect, alone or in combination with the twenty-second aspect, based on the first assessment of the radio link quality and the second assessment of the radio link quality, the UE calculates an average assessment of the radio link quality.

[0124] In a twenty-sixth aspect, alone or in combination with the twenty-fifth aspect, calculating the average assessment of the radio link quality includes: calculating an arithmetic mean, calculating a geometric mean, or calculating a harmonic mean.

[0125] In the twenty-seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twenty-sixth aspects, the selected one or more CORESETs include a single CORESET corresponding to two or more active TCI states, and the one or more RSs include RSs associated with the same two or more active TCI states as the single CORESET.

[0126] In a twenty-eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twenty-seventh aspects, one or more CORESETs are selected based on radio resource control (RRC) configurable criteria.

[0127] In a twenty-ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twenty-eighth aspects, one or more CORESETs are selected based on rules preconfigured at the UE before deployment.

[0128] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that information and signals may be represented by any of a variety of different techniques and technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be mentioned throughout the above description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0129] The functional blocks and modules described herein (eg, Figure 2 The functional blocks and modules in the text may include processors, electronic devices, hardware devices, electronic components, logical circuits, memories, software codes, firmware codes, etc., or any combination thereof. Figures 1 to 9 The features discussed may be implemented via dedicated processor circuits, via executable instructions, and / or a combination thereof.

[0130] Skilled artisans will further appreciate that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps (e.g., Figure 8 The logic boxes in the description may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been generally described above in terms of their functions. Whether such functions are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the entire system. The technician may implement the described functions in different ways for each specific application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The technician will also easily recognize that the order or combination of components, methods, or interactions described herein are only examples, and the components, methods, or interactions of various aspects of the present disclosure may be combined or performed in a manner different from that shown and described herein.

[0131] The various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in other cases, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

[0132] The steps of the method or algorithm described in conjunction with the disclosure of this article can be directly embodied in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. The software module can reside in a RAM memory, a flash memory, a ROM memory, an EPROM memory, an EEPROM memory, a register, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. In other cases, the storage medium can be integrated into the processor. The processor and the storage medium can reside in an ASIC. The ASIC can reside in a user terminal. In other cases, the processor and the storage medium can reside in a user terminal as discrete components.

[0133] In one or more exemplary designs, the functions described can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions can be stored on a computer-readable medium or transmitted on a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or codes. Computer-readable media include both computer storage media and communication media, including any medium that is convenient for transferring a computer program from one place to another. Computer-readable storage media can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general or special computer. For example (but not limitation), such computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, disk storage device or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code device (means) in the form of an instruction or data structure and can be accessed by a general or special computer or a general or special processor. In addition, the connection can be appropriately referred to as a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, a server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, a fiber optic cable, a twisted pair, or a digital subscriber line (DSL), the coaxial cable, the fiber optic cable, the twisted pair, or the DSL are included in the definition of the medium. As used herein, disk and disc include compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), hard disk, solid state disk and Blu-ray disc, wherein disks usually copy data magnetically, while discs copy data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included in the scope of computer-readable media.

[0134] As used herein, including in the claims, the term "and / or," when used in a list of two or more items, means that any one of the listed items may be employed by itself, or any combination of two or more of the listed items may be employed. For example, if a composition is described as comprising ingredients A, B, and / or C, the composition may: comprise A alone; comprise B alone; comprise C alone; comprise a combination of A and B; comprise a combination of A and C; comprise a combination of B and C; or comprise a combination of A, B, and C. Furthermore, as used herein, including in the claims, "or" used in a list of items beginning with "at least one" indicates a disjunctive list, for example, a list of "at least one of A, B, or C" means any one of A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) or any combination thereof.

[0135] The previous description of the disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Therefore, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be given the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method of wireless communication performed at a user equipment UE, the method comprising: Selecting one or more CORESETs from a plurality of control resource sets CORESETs allocated to the UE, wherein the plurality of CORESETs include a first CORESET corresponding to a first active transmission configuration indicator TCI state and a second CORESET corresponding to a second active TCI state and a third active TCI state, wherein each active TCI state is associated with a corresponding reference signal RS; specifying a first virtual CORESET corresponding to the second active TCI state and a second virtual CORESET corresponding to the third active TCI state; wherein the one or more selected CORESETs include the first CORESET, the first virtual CORESET, the second virtual CORESET, or a combination thereof; and Based on the RS associated with the active TCI state associated with the one or more selected CORESETs, a radio link monitoring RLM operation, a beam failure detection BFD operation, or both is performed.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The RS includes one or more channel state information reference signals CSI-RS, one or more synchronization signal blocks SSB, or both.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein: At least one of the plurality of CORESETs corresponds to a single active TCI state.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein: The one or more CORESETs include a single CORESET having a search space having a shortest monitoring period of the search spaces of the plurality of CORESETs.

5. The method according to claim 3, wherein: The one or more CORESETs include a single CORESET having a search space with a shortest monitoring period of the search spaces of the plurality of CORESETs and a highest CORESET index of the plurality of CORESETs.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The number of RSs associated with the one or more selected CORESETs is less than or equal to a maximum number M of RSs defined in higher layer signaling.

7. The method according to claim 6, further comprising: When the number of CORESETs in the plurality of CORESETs is greater than M, the plurality of CORESETs are sorted, and M CORESETs having the highest sorting are selected as the one or more selected CORESETs.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein: Sorting the multiple CORESETs includes: sorting the multiple CORESETs based on a monitoring period of a corresponding search space.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein: Sorting the multiple CORESETs further includes: sorting the CORESETs corresponding to the same monitoring period based on corresponding CORESET indexes.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein: Sorting the multiple CORESETs also includes: for two virtual CORESETs having the same CORESET index, sorting the two virtual CORESETs based on the TCI state identifier ID corresponding to the active TCI state of the two virtual CORESETs, and the RS type corresponding to the RS associated with the active TCI state of the two virtual CORESETs, or both.

11. An apparatus configured for wireless communication, the apparatus being a user equipment UE and comprising: at least one processor; and a memory coupled to the at least one processor, Wherein, the at least one processor is configured to: Selecting one or more CORESETs from a plurality of control resource sets CORESETs allocated to the UE, wherein the plurality of CORESETs include a first CORESET corresponding to a first active transmission configuration indicator TCI state and a second CORESET corresponding to a second active TCI state and a third active TCI state, wherein each active TCI state is associated with a corresponding reference signal RS; specifying a first virtual CORESET corresponding to the second active TCI state and a second virtual CORESET corresponding to the third active TCI state; wherein the one or more selected CORESETs include the first CORESET, the first virtual CORESET, the second virtual CORESET, or a combination thereof; and Based on the RS associated with the active TCI state associated with the one or more selected CORESETs, a radio link monitoring RLM operation, a beam failure detection BFD operation, or both is performed.

12. The device according to claim 11, wherein The one or more selected CORESETs include CORESETs corresponding to a first active TCI state and a second active TCI state.

13. The device according to claim 12, wherein: The first active TCI state corresponds to a first RS having spatial receiver Rx parameters, wherein the second active TCI state corresponds to a second RS without spatial receiver Rx parameters, and wherein the one or more RSs include the first RS but not the second RS.

14. The device according to claim 12, wherein: The first active TCI state corresponds to a first RS having a first spatial receiver Rx parameter, wherein the second active TCI state corresponds to a second RS having a second spatial receiver Rx parameter, and wherein the one or more RSs are selected from the first RS and the second RS based on RS types of the first RS and the second RS.

15. The device according to claim 14, wherein: The RS types include a channel state information reference signal CSI-RS and a synchronization signal block SSB, and wherein the selected RS type is configurable by a radio resource control RRC.

16. The device according to claim 14, wherein: When the first RS and the second RS have the same RS type, the one or more RSs are selected from the first RS and the second RS based on sorting of periods of the first RS and the second RS.

17. The device according to claim 16, wherein: The ordering of the periods corresponds to an increasing or decreasing ordering, and wherein the ordering of the periods is radio resource control RRC configurable.

18. The device according to claim 16, wherein: When the first RS and the second RS have the same period, the one or more RSs are selected from the first RS and the second RS based on an ascending or descending order of a TCI state index, and wherein the order of the TCI state index is configurable by a radio resource control RRC.

19. The device according to claim 16, wherein: When the first RS and the second RS have the same period, the one or more RSs are selected from the first RS and the second RS based on an ordering of RS resource indices including an ordering of channel state information resource signal CSI-RS indices, an ordering of synchronization signal block SSB indices, or both, and wherein the ordering of RS resource indices is configurable by radio resource control RRC.

20. The device according to claim 12, wherein: Performing the RLM operation, the BFD operation, or both includes: performing a first RLM operation, a first BFD operation, or both based on a first RS corresponding to the first active TCI state to generate a first assessment of radio link quality; and A second RLM operation, a second BFD operation, or both are performed based on a second RS corresponding to the second active TCI state to generate a second assessment of the radio link quality.

21. The device according to claim 20, wherein: The at least one processor is further configured to select the first assessment of radio link quality or the second assessment of radio link quality based on a selection criterion.

22. The device according to claim 21, wherein The selection criteria are configurable by the Radio Resource Control (RRC).

23. The device according to claim 20, wherein: The at least one processor is further configured to calculate an average assessment of radio link quality based on the first assessment of radio link quality and the second assessment of radio link quality, wherein calculating the average assessment of radio link quality comprises calculating an arithmetic mean, calculating a geometric mean, or calculating a harmonic mean.

24. An apparatus configured for wireless communication, the apparatus being a user equipment (UE) and comprising: means for selecting one or more CORESETs from a plurality of control resource sets CORESETs allocated to the UE, wherein the plurality of CORESETs include a first CORESET corresponding to a first active transmission configuration indicator TCI state and a second CORESET corresponding to a second active TCI state and a third active TCI state, wherein each active TCI state is associated with a corresponding reference signal RS; means for specifying a first virtual CORESET corresponding to the second active TCI state and a second virtual CORESET corresponding to the third active TCI state; wherein the one or more selected CORESETs include the first CORESET, the first virtual CORESET, the second virtual CORESET, or a combination thereof; and Means for performing a radio link monitoring, RLM, operation, a beam failure detection, BFD, operation, or both based on the RS associated with the active TCI state associated with the one or more selected CORESETs.

25. The device according to claim 24, wherein: The selected one or more CORESETs include a single CORESET corresponding to two or more active TCI states, and wherein the one or more RSs include RSs associated with the same two or more active TCI states as the single CORESET.

26. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions, wherein when the instructions are executed by a processor of a user equipment (UE), the processor is caused to perform operations, the operations comprising: Selecting one or more CORESETs from a plurality of control resource sets CORESETs allocated to the UE, wherein the plurality of CORESETs include a first CORESET corresponding to a first active transmission configuration indicator TCI state and a second CORESET corresponding to a second active TCI state and a third active TCI state, wherein each active TCI state is associated with a corresponding reference signal RS; specifying a first virtual CORESET corresponding to the second active TCI state and a second virtual CORESET corresponding to the third active TCI state; wherein the one or more selected CORESETs include the first CORESET, the first virtual CORESET, the second virtual CORESET, or a combination thereof; and Based on the RS associated with the active TCI state associated with the one or more selected CORESETs, a radio link monitoring RLM operation, a beam failure detection BFD operation, or both is performed.

27. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 26, wherein: The one or more CORESETs are selected based on criteria configurable by a Radio Resource Control (RRC).

28. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 26, wherein: The one or more CORESETs are selected based on rules preconfigured at the UE prior to deployment.

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