A cold region high-speed railway tunnel portal pressure relief combined air curtain cold isolation device and method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of tunnel freeze damage prevention, and discloses a pressure relief combined type cold insulation device for a tunnel portal of a high-speed railway in a cold region, which comprises a wind curtain air inlet, a wind curtain air duct, a wind curtain air outlet and a wind curtain fan, and the opening of a tunnel pressure relief buffer hole on the inner side of the tunnel is combined with the wind curtain air inlet, and different working modes are executed by relying on the controllable opening and closing of the wind curtain fan; for example, when the number of trains passing through at night is small, the wind curtain fan is started to suck and pressurize the airflow, so as to form a cold insulation wind curtain; and for example, when the number of trains passing through during the day is large, the wind curtain fan is turned off, and the airflow entering the wind curtain air duct is automatically sprayed out under the action of the piston flow air pressure generated by the train entering the tunnel, so as to form a cold insulation wind curtain. The present application also discloses a corresponding method. Through the present application, the existing tunnel freeze damage problem of a high-speed railway in a cold region can be more effectively solved, and the present application has the advantages of compact structure, high efficiency and energy saving, convenient operation and good environmental adaptability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field related to tunnel freeze damage prevention, and more particularly relates to a cold region high-speed railway tunnel portal pressure relief combined wind curtain cold insulation device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Railway tunnels are built in cold regions all over the world, and these cold region tunnels have more or less freeze damage problems due to external environmental influences. According to relevant data statistics, more than half of the railway tunnels built in cold regions have freeze damage of varying degrees, and some of the tunnel freeze damage is relatively serious. In recent years, these increasingly prominent cold region tunnel freeze damage problems have gradually attracted attention.

[0003] Specifically, cold air flowing into the tunnel through the tunnel portal will cause the tunnel lining to cool down, and the drainage pipes buried in the tunnel lining will be frozen and damaged, causing water in the tunnel to be unable to be smoothly discharged. A series of freeze damage problems caused by water freezing, such as lining cracking and icing, and icy road surfaces, not only cause serious damage to the tunnel structure, but also pose a major safety hazard to railway operations.

[0004] In view of the above tunnel portal freeze damage problems, many treatment methods have been taken in the past, such as laying an insulation layer, adding an electric heating plate, etc., but the effect is still limited. In recent years, the number of railway tunnels built in cold regions in China has increased year by year, and a large number of high-speed railways have been put into operation, and the freeze damage problem of the tunnel portal of the high-speed railway in cold regions needs to be solved accordingly. Patent search shows that the existing technology has proposed a small number of wind curtain schemes to prevent tunnel portal freeze damage. For example, CN202011242580.7 proposes a tunnel high-pressure wind curtain experimental device, method and system, CN201710333747.2 discloses a tunnel horizontal hole independent pressurized air supply system and air supply method, CN201810171427.6 proposes a cold region high-speed railway tunnel air curtain test device and test method, etc.

[0005] However, further research shows that the above existing technology still has the following defects or deficiencies: first, the existing wind curtain form can only achieve simple air insulation or smoke insulation function, and does not take into account the working characteristics of the high-speed railway tunnel in cold regions. For example, when the daytime high-speed train passing frequency is high, if the wind curtain is turned on, it will affect the train operation and pressure relief hole arrangement, and if the wind curtain is turned off, the cold air entering the tunnel with the frequent passing of the train will not be effectively blocked, and the traditional form of wind curtain is in a dilemma; second, the existing wind curtain form usually consumes a large amount of energy, and does not take into account the complex influence factors of the harsh environment in cold regions, which is prone to failure in actual work, and is inconvenient to install, construct and operate, and ultimately leads to poor cold insulation effect. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the above defects or needs of the prior art, the present application aims to provide a pressure relief combined air curtain cold insulation device and method for tunnel entrance of high-speed railway in cold region, wherein the overall device is redesigned, and the specific structure of some key modules, especially the working mechanism of the air curtain cold insulation device, is improved, so that the existing tunnel freezing problem of high-speed railway in cold region can be more effectively solved, and the device has the advantages of compact structure, high efficiency, energy saving, easy operation and good environmental adaptability.

[0007] To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present application, a pressure relief combined air curtain cold insulation device for tunnel entrance of high-speed railway in cold region is provided, characterized in that the device is arranged on both sides of the tunnel entrance in pairs and comprises an air curtain air inlet, an air curtain air duct, an air curtain air outlet and an air curtain fan, wherein:

[0008] The air curtain air inlet is formed by the opening on the inner side of the tunnel of the pressure relief buffer hole penetrating through the tunnel concrete wall, and is used to guide the air in the tunnel into two air flows, one of which enters the air curtain air duct, and the other flows out of the tunnel through the pressure relief buffer hole.

[0009] The air curtain air duct is arranged in the tunnel concrete wall, one end of which is in communication with the air curtain air inlet, and the other end is in communication with the air curtain air outlet arranged at the tunnel entrance.

[0010] The air curtain fan is installed in the air curtain air duct and can be opened or closed under control, wherein when the air curtain fan is opened, the air flow entering the air curtain air duct is sucked and pressurized, and then is sprayed out through the air curtain air outlet to form a cold insulation air curtain at the tunnel entrance; when the air curtain fan is closed, the air flow entering the air curtain air duct is automatically sprayed out through the air curtain air outlet under the action of the piston flow air pressure generated by the high-speed train entering the tunnel to form a cold insulation air curtain at the tunnel entrance.

[0011] As a further preferred, a differential pressure control valve is preferably arranged on the pressure relief buffer hole, which opens the pressure relief to guide the air flow into the tunnel to the outside of the tunnel when the air flow into the tunnel exceeds the pressure outside the tunnel and reaches a preset differential pressure value.

[0012] As a further preferred, the preset differential pressure value is preferably 600Pa-2000Pa.

[0013] As a further preferred, the air curtain air duct is preferably made of metal material, and the concrete part beside the air curtain air duct is prefabricated in the factory or constructed on site and pre-buried with bolts.

[0014] As a further preferred, the fan pressurization value of the air curtain fan is preferably 600Pa-2000Pa.

[0015] As further preferably, the air curtain outlet is in the form of a strip-shaped outlet, and its main parameters are preferably designed as follows: the outlet width is 10-30 cm, the outlet velocity is 20-50 m / s, the air curtain outlet is slightly deviated from the tunnel and forms an angle of 15-40° with the cross section of the tunnel.

[0016] As further preferably, the air curtain inlet, the air curtain duct and the air curtain outlet on both sides of the tunnel entrance are arranged symmetrically about the central axis of the tunnel.

[0017] As further preferably, the tunnel entrance is preferably expanded into a rectangle in cross section, and is then reduced to the original shape at the outermost end.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present application, a corresponding air curtain cooling method is also provided, characterized in that the device is arranged at the tunnel entrance of a high-speed railway in a cold region, and then different working modes are adopted for operation according to different working conditions:

[0019] The first working mode is that the air curtain fan is turned on, the air flow entering the air curtain duct from the air curtain inlet is sucked and pressurized, and then is sprayed out through the air curtain outlet, so as to form an air curtain for cooling at the tunnel entrance;

[0020] The second working mode is that the air curtain fan is turned off, the air flow entering the air curtain duct from the air curtain inlet is automatically sprayed out through the air curtain outlet under the action of the piston flow air pressure generated by the high-speed train entering the tunnel, so as to form an air curtain for cooling at the tunnel entrance.

[0021] As further preferably, the above method further includes a third working mode, in which the pressure difference control valve is opened to release pressure, so as to guide a part of the air flow with a pressure exceeding the pressure outside the tunnel to the outside of the tunnel to a preset pressure difference.

[0022] Overall, compared with the prior art, the above technical solutions conceived by the present application mainly have the following technical advantages:

[0023] (1) The present application takes into account the environment and operation characteristics of high-speed railway tunnels in cold regions, and fully utilizes the energy of the piston air flow of the train entering the tunnel during the day, by setting multiple working modes for different working conditions, and by combining automatic and electric modes, the inflow of external cold air is reduced with significantly lower energy consumption, so as to effectively prevent and control tunnel frost damage;

[0024] (2) The wind curtain cold insulation device of the present application makes full use of the pressure relief buffer hole of the high-speed railway tunnel mouth penetrating the concrete wall, and the opening of the pressure relief hole on the inside of the tunnel is combined with the wind curtain air inlet, so that the wind curtain cold insulation device has compact structure, the wind curtain has the functions of cold air blocking and pressure relief buffering, and the operation is relatively convenient, and the wind curtain cold insulation device is especially suitable for the application occasions of preventing and treating the freezing damage of the high-speed railway tunnel mouth and the like in cold regions.

[0025] (3) The present application also improves the specific structure and working parameters of some key components of the wind curtain cold insulation device, such as the wind curtain air inlet, the wind curtain fan, and the wind curtain air outlet. The results of more indoor tests and numerical simulation show that the wind curtain cold insulation device can better realize the closure of the tunnel cross section under these specific structures and working parameters, and significantly improve the comprehensive cold insulation effect of the tunnel mouth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram for exemplarily showing the wind curtain cold insulation device of the present application arranged on one side of the high-speed railway tunnel mouth in a cold region.

[0027] Figure 2 is a structural sectional view for exemplarily showing the wind curtain cold insulation device according to the present application.

[0028] In all the drawings, the same reference signs are used to represent the same elements or structures, wherein:

[0029] 1-tunnel concrete wall; 2-wind curtain air inlet; 3-pressure difference control valve; 4-wind curtain fan; 5-wind curtain air outlet; 6-wind curtain air duct; 7-pressure relief buffer hole; 8-air flow; 9-tunnel central axis plane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram for exemplarily showing the wind curtain cold insulation device of the present application arranged on one side of the high-speed railway tunnel mouth in a cold region. As shown in Figure 1 , the device mainly includes components such as the wind curtain air inlet 2, the wind curtain air duct 6, the wind curtain air outlet 5, and the wind curtain fan 4, which will be explained and described one by one below.

[0032] In the present application, the air curtain inlet 2 is preferably directly formed by the opening of the pressure relief buffer hole 7 through the tunnel concrete wall 1 on the inside of the tunnel, and is used to guide the air inside the tunnel into two air flows, one of which enters the air curtain air duct 6, and the other flows out of the tunnel through the pressure relief buffer hole 7.

[0033] The air curtain air duct 6 is formed in the tunnel concrete wall 1, one end of which is in communication with the air curtain inlet 2, and the other end is in communication with the air curtain outlet 5 arranged at the tunnel entrance. In addition, an air curtain fan 4 is also installed inside the air curtain air duct 6, and the air curtain fan 4 can be opened or closed controllably.

[0034] For example, when the air curtain fan 4 is opened, the air flow entering the air curtain air duct 6 is sucked and pressurized, and then sprayed out through the air curtain outlet 5, thereby forming a cold wind barrier at the tunnel entrance; when the air curtain fan 4 is closed, the air flow entering the air curtain air duct 6 can be automatically sprayed out through the air curtain outlet 5 under the action of the piston flow air pressure generated by the high-speed train entering the tunnel, thereby also forming a cold wind barrier at the tunnel entrance.

[0035] Through the above concept, it is realized that the root cause of the freeze damage of the high-speed railway tunnel entrance in cold regions is the inflow of external cold air, and therefore the present application is different from the traditional air curtain cold barrier device. On the one hand, the pressure relief hole arranged at the high-speed railway tunnel entrance for relieving the air flow pressurization when the train passes is fully utilized, and is combined with the air curtain inlet, so that the high-pressure air flow when the high-speed train enters the tunnel can flow out of the tunnel through the combined air inlet, or enter the air curtain air duct through the combined air inlet, and be sprayed out from the air curtain outlet to form a barrier air curtain.

[0036] On the other hand, the pressure relief buffer hole and the air curtain inlet are combined in the present application to form a semi-electric and semi-automatic air curtain cold barrier device, which blocks the invasion of external cold air into the tunnel, and the energy consumption of the traditional air curtain is about 50%, which can prevent the freeze damage of the high-speed railway tunnel entrance in cold regions.

[0037] More specifically, the tunnel cross section is usually in the shape of a circular crown or a horseshoe, and the air curtain inlet and the air curtain outlet are flat; in order to facilitate the installation of the air curtain cold barrier device of the present application, the cross section is preferably enlarged to a rectangular shape at the tunnel exit section, and the cross section is reduced to the original shape at the outermost exit end face. In this way, the air curtain cold barrier device can be installed on the vertical surface on both sides of the rectangular cross section section.

[0038] According to a preferred embodiment of the present application, the air curtain cold barrier device is arranged on both sides of the tunnel, i.e. in the tunnel central axis plane 9 as the symmetry plane, and the pressure relief buffer hole, the air curtain inlet, the air curtain air duct, the fan, and the air curtain outlet on the other side are symmetrical to the side. Figure 1 ​

[0039] Re-examining Figure 1 , the position of the air curtain inlet 2 is both the air curtain inlet and the pressure relief buffer hole inlet, and is a combined air inlet. After the air enters from the air curtain inlet 2, it can have two passages, one of which is into the air curtain air duct 6 and is sprayed out from the air curtain outlet 5 to form an air curtain airflow, and the other of which is through the pressure relief buffer hole 7 to the outside of the tunnel. According to another preferred embodiment of the present application, a differential pressure control valve 3 is preferably arranged on the pressure relief buffer hole 7, which opens the pressure relief when the airflow flowing into the tunnel exceeds the pressure outside the tunnel and reaches a preset differential pressure value, and guides the airflow to the outside of the tunnel. The preset differential pressure value is preferably 600Pa-2000Pa.

[0040] Referring to Figure 2 For the air curtain air duct 6, it is made of metal material, and the concrete part beside the air duct can be prefabricated in the factory or constructed on site and pre-buried with bolts and the like for subsequent installation. The air curtain fan 4 is also prefabricated in the factory and installed in the air duct. According to another preferred embodiment of the present application, the fan boost value of the air curtain fan is preferably 600Pa-2000Pa, which is equivalent to the aforementioned differential pressure control valve.

[0041] According to another preferred embodiment of the present application, the air curtain outlet 5 can adopt the form of a strip-shaped air outlet, and its main parameter indicators are preferably designed as follows: the air outlet width is 10cm-30cm, the air outlet speed is 20m / s-50m / s, the air curtain outlet is slightly inclined to the outside of the tunnel and forms an angle of 15°-40° with the cross section of the tunnel.

[0042] According to another aspect of the present application, a corresponding air curtain cold insulation method is also provided, characterized in that the device is arranged at the tunnel entrance of a high-speed railway in a cold region, and then different working modes can be adopted for operation according to different working conditions:

[0043] The first working mode, in which the air curtain fan 4 is turned on, the airflow entering the air curtain air duct 6 from the air curtain inlet 2 is sucked and pressurized, and then sprayed out through the air curtain outlet 5, thereby forming a cold insulation air curtain at the tunnel entrance;

[0044] The second working mode, in which the air curtain fan 4 is turned off, the air in the tunnel enters the air curtain air duct 6 from the air curtain inlet 2 under the action of the piston flow air pressure generated by the high-speed train entering the tunnel, and is automatically sprayed out through the air curtain outlet 5, thereby forming a cold insulation air curtain at the tunnel entrance.

[0045] In addition, according to another preferred embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned method can further include a third working mode, in which the differential pressure control valve 3 opens the pressure relief, thereby guiding a part of the airflow whose pressure exceeds the pressure outside the tunnel and reaches a preset differential pressure value to the outside of the tunnel.

[0046] The working process according to the present application will be explained in detail as follows.

[0047] The present application combines the pressure relief buffer hole of the tunnel portal with the air curtain inlet, and sets an air curtain fan in the air curtain air duct, and the air curtain outlet is for example a slit-shaped nozzle. When there is a certain pressure difference between the air curtain inlet and the air curtain outlet, air flow will be formed in the air curtain air duct, and a closed air curtain will be formed at the air curtain outlet, which prevents the cold air outside the tunnel from entering the tunnel and preventing the freezing damage at the tunnel portal.

[0048] In other words, the air curtain cold insulation device according to the present application can suck the air at the combined air inlet (the pressure relief hole inlet and the air curtain inlet are combined) under the action of the air curtain fan, and high-speed air flow is sprayed from the air curtain outlet, a closed air curtain is formed at the tunnel portal, and the cold air outside the tunnel is blocked. When the air curtain fan is stopped, the piston air flow caused by the high-speed train during the day can be used, the air in the tunnel enters the air curtain air duct through the combined air inlet, and a closed air curtain is formed by spraying from the air curtain outlet, thereby blocking the cold air entering the tunnel with the train.

[0049] More specifically, the air curtain cold insulation device according to the present application can be driven by the air curtain fan to run after being powered on, and can also be automatically driven by the high-pressure air flow at the air curtain inlet to work without power. For example, at night, there are fewer trains, the air curtain fan 4 is connected to the power supply, and works under the action of the air curtain fan 4 to suck air from the air curtain inlet 2, and the air is sprayed from the air curtain outlet 5 after being pressurized by the air curtain fan 4 to form a closed air flow. During the day, when the train enters the tunnel, the piston air flow at the air curtain inlet 2 position generates high pressure, and the high-pressure air enters the air curtain air duct 6 and is sprayed from the air curtain outlet 5. At this time, the air curtain does not need to be powered, and the high-pressure air directly enters the air curtain inlet (combined air inlet), and the air flow is sprayed from the air curtain outlet 5 through the air curtain air duct 6 to form an air curtain.

[0050] In summary, the pressure relief combined air curtain cold insulation device according to the present application has compact overall structure, multiple functions, and is easy to install and operate. It can smoothly switch between different working modes by operating a small number of components, and is a high-efficiency energy utilization and high-quality air curtain cold insulation method. Therefore, it is especially suitable for freezing damage prevention applications such as high-speed railway tunnel portals in cold regions, and has broad application prospects.

[0051] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A combined pressure relief wind curtain cold isolation device for a high-speed railway tunnel portal in a cold region, characterized in that, The device is arranged in pairs at both sides of the tunnel portal and comprises a wind curtain air inlet (2), a wind curtain air duct (6), a wind curtain air outlet (5) and a wind curtain fan (4), and the wind curtain air inlet (2), the wind curtain air duct (6) and the wind curtain air outlet (5) at both sides of the tunnel portal are symmetrically arranged about the tunnel central axis, wherein: The wind curtain air inlet (2) is formed by using the in-tunnel opening of the pressure relief buffer hole (7) penetrating through the tunnel concrete wall (1), and is used for guiding the air in the tunnel to be divided into two air flows, one of which enters the wind curtain air duct (6), and the other of which flows out of the tunnel through the pressure relief buffer hole (7); the pressure relief buffer hole (7) is provided with a differential pressure control valve (3), which opens the pressure relief when the air flow flowing into the tunnel exceeds the pressure outside the tunnel and reaches a preset differential pressure value, and guides the air flow to the outside of the tunnel; The wind curtain air duct (6) is arranged in the tunnel concrete wall (1), one end of which is in communication with the wind curtain air inlet (2), and the other end is in communication with the wind curtain air outlet (5) arranged at the tunnel portal; The wind curtain fan (4) is installed in the wind curtain air duct (6) and can be controlled to be opened or closed, wherein when the wind curtain fan (4) is opened, the air flow entering the wind curtain air duct (6) is sucked and pressurized, and then is sprayed through the wind curtain air outlet (5) to form a cold wind curtain at the tunnel portal; when the wind curtain fan (4) is closed, the air flow entering the wind curtain air duct (6) is automatically sprayed through the wind curtain air outlet (5) under the action of the piston flow pressure generated when the high-speed train enters the tunnel to form a cold wind curtain at the tunnel portal; for the tunnel portal, the cross section is expanded to a rectangle, and the outermost end face is reduced to the original shape; the above-mentioned pressure relief combined wind curtain cold insulation device is designed by combining the pressure relief buffer hole (7) and the wind curtain air inlet (2), thereby forming a semi-electric and semi-automatic combined wind curtain cold insulation device, and has the following multiple working modes, wherein: The first working mode, in which the wind curtain fan (4) is opened, the air flow entering the wind curtain air duct (6) from the pressure relief buffer hole (7) is sucked and pressurized, and then is sprayed through the wind curtain air outlet (5), thereby forming a cold wind curtain at the tunnel portal; The second working mode, in which the wind curtain fan (4) is closed, the air flow entering the wind curtain air duct (6) from the pressure relief buffer hole (7) is automatically sprayed through the wind curtain air outlet (5) under the action of the piston flow pressure generated when the high-speed train enters the tunnel, thereby forming a cold wind curtain at the tunnel portal; The third working mode, in which the differential pressure control valve (3) is opened to relieve pressure, thereby guiding a part of the air flow whose pressure exceeds the pressure outside the tunnel and reaches a preset differential pressure value to the outside of the tunnel.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The preset differential pressure value is 600Pa-2000Pa.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The wind curtain air duct (6) is made of metal material, and the concrete part beside the wind curtain air duct (6) is prefabricated in the factory or constructed on site and pre-buried with bolts.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The fan pressure value of the air curtain fan (4) is 600Pa-2000Pa.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The air curtain outlet (5) adopts a strip-shaped outlet, and the main parameter indexes are designed as follows: the outlet width is 10cm-30cm, the air outlet speed is 20m / s-50m / s, the air curtain outlet slightly deviates to the outside of the tunnel and forms an angle of 15°-40° with the cross section.

Images