Beam management in wireless communication networks

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A satellite can determine one or more sets of resource sets for transmitting reference signals to user terminals. In one example, the satellite can determine a resource set that includes multiple resource groups, each resource group being associated with a respective frequency range. In another example, the satellite can determine multiple resource sets, and each resource set can include resources within a respective frequency range. After determining the resource sets, the satellite can transmit an indication of the resource sets to the user terminals.

Description

[0001] Cross-referencing

[0002] This patent application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 171,731, filed February 9, 2021, entitled “BEAM MANAGEMENT IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK”, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 976,247, filed February 13, 2020, entitled “BEAM MANAGEMENT IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK”, each of which has been assigned to the assignee of this application. Technical Field

[0003] In general, the following description relates to wireless communication, and more specifically, to the management of wireless communication networks. Background Technology

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, and broadcasting. These systems may be able to support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth-generation (4G) systems, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, improved LTE (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth-generation (5G) systems, which may be called New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ technologies such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations or one or more network access nodes, each of which simultaneously supports communication for multiple communication devices, also referred to as User Equipment (UE). Summary of the Invention

[0005] A method for wireless communication is described. The method may include: transmitting a synchronization signal block in a second frequency range using a first transmit beam assigned a first frequency range for data transmission, the first transmit beam comprising a set of multiple transmit beams, each transmit beam being assigned a corresponding frequency range for data transmission. The method may also include: transmitting a reference signal in the second frequency range using the first transmit beam, simultaneously with transmitting the synchronization signal block.

[0006] An apparatus for wireless communication is described. The apparatus can include a processor and memory coupled to the processor. The processor and the memory can be configured to transmit a synchronization signal block over a second frequency range using a first transmit beam assigned a first frequency range for data transmission, the first transmit beam included in a set of multiple transmit beams, where each transmit beam is assigned a respective frequency range for data transmission. The processor and the memory can be configured to transmit a reference signal over the second frequency range, concurrently with the transmitting of the synchronization signal block, using the first transmit beam.

[0007] Another apparatus for wireless communication is described. The apparatus can include means for transmitting a synchronization signal block over a second frequency range using a first transmit beam assigned a first frequency range for data transmission, the first transmit beam included in a set of multiple transmit beams, where each transmit beam is assigned a respective frequency range for data transmission. The apparatus can include means for transmitting a reference signal over the second frequency range, concurrently with the transmitting of the synchronization signal block, using the first transmit beam.

[0008] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication is described. The code can include instructions executable by a processor to transmit a synchronization signal block over a second frequency range using a first transmit beam assigned a first frequency range for data transmission, the first transmit beam included in a set of multiple transmit beams, where each transmit beam is assigned a respective frequency range for data transmission. The code can include instructions executable by the processor to transmit a reference signal over the second frequency range, concurrently with the transmitting of the synchronization signal block, using the first transmit beam.

[0009] Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting data to a device over the first frequency range using the first transmit beam.

[0010] Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining that data transmission to the device over the first frequency range will be interrupted based on the concurrent transmission of the synchronization signal block and the reference signal over the second frequency range using the first transmit beam; and transmitting an indication of the interruption to the device prior to the concurrent transmission of the synchronization signal block and the reference signal.

[0011] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, the set of multiple transmit beams includes a second transmit beam assigned a second frequency range for data transmissions, and the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a second synchronization signal block over a third frequency range using the second transmit beam, and transmitting a second reference signal over the third frequency range using the second transmit beam concurrently with transmitting the second synchronization signal block.

[0012] A method for wireless communication at a UE is described. The method can include receiving an indication of a set of reference signal resources for estimating one or more transmit beams of a plurality of sets of transmit beams of a wireless node, the plurality of sets of transmit beams being associated with a plurality of sets of frequency ranges such that at least some transmit beams of the plurality of sets of transmit beams are associated with different frequency ranges of the plurality of sets of frequency ranges. The method can include receiving at least one reference signal based on the indication of the set of reference signal resources, the set of reference signal resources including a set of multiple reference signal resource groups, each reference signal resource group including one or more reference signal resources, each reference signal resource group of the set of multiple reference signal resource groups being associated with a respective frequency range and at least one transmit beam.

[0013] An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus can include a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The processor and the memory can be configured to receive an indication of a set of reference signal resources for estimating one or more transmit beams of a plurality of sets of transmit beams of a wireless node, the plurality of sets of transmit beams being associated with a plurality of sets of frequency ranges such that at least some transmit beams of the plurality of sets of transmit beams are associated with different frequency ranges of the plurality of sets of frequency ranges. The processor and the memory can be configured to receive at least one reference signal based on the indication of the set of reference signal resources, the set of reference signal resources including a set of multiple reference signal resource groups, each reference signal resource group including one or more reference signal resources, each reference signal resource group of the set of multiple reference signal resource groups being associated with a respective frequency range and at least one transmit beam.

[0014] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus can include means for receiving an indication of a set of reference signal resources for estimating one or more transmit beams of a plurality of sets of transmit beams of a wireless node, the plurality of sets of transmit beams being associated with a plurality of sets of frequency ranges such that at least some transmit beams of the plurality of sets of transmit beams are associated with different frequency ranges of the plurality of sets of frequency ranges. The apparatus can include means for receiving at least one reference signal based on the indication of the set of reference signal resources, the set of reference signal resources including a set of multiple reference signal resource groups, each reference signal resource group including one or more reference signal resources, each reference signal resource group of the set of multiple reference signal resource groups being associated with a respective frequency range and at least one transmit beam.

[0015] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE is described. The code can include instructions executable by a processor to receive an indication of a set of reference signal resources for estimating one or more transmit beams of a plurality of sets of transmit beams of a wireless node, the plurality of sets of transmit beams being associated with a plurality of sets of frequency ranges such that at least some transmit beams of the plurality of sets of transmit beams are associated with different frequency ranges of the plurality of sets of frequency ranges. The code can include instructions executable by a processor to receive at least one reference signal based on the indication of the set of reference signal resources, the set of reference signal resources including a set of multiple reference signal resource groups, each reference signal resource group including one or more reference signal resources, each reference signal resource group of the set of multiple reference signal resource groups being associated with a respective frequency range and at least one transmit beam.

[0016] In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the at least one reference signal can include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a first reference signal on a first frequency range associated with a first transmit beam, the first reference signal occupying a first reference signal resource included in a first reference signal resource group, receiving a second reference signal on a second frequency range associated with a second transmit beam at a same time as receiving the first reference signal, the second reference signal occupying a second reference signal resource included in a second reference signal resource group.

[0017] In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the set of multiple reference signal resource groups can be staggered in a time domain.

[0018] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, receiving the at least one reference signal can include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a first reference signal on a first frequency range associated with a first transmission beam, the first reference signal occupying a first reference signal resource included in a first reference signal resource group, and receiving a second reference signal on a second frequency range associated with a second transmission beam after the threshold time period, the second reference signal occupying a second reference signal resource included in a second reference signal resource group.

[0019] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, at least two reference signal resource groups overlap in the time domain, and other reference signal resource groups can be interleaved in the time domain, the at least two reference signal resource groups including a first reference signal resource group and a second reference signal resource group.

[0020] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, the first reference signal resource group can be associated with a first transmission beam having a first coverage area, and the second reference signal resource group can be associated with a second transmission beam having a second coverage area, the first coverage area being separated from the second coverage area by a third coverage area of a third transmission beam.

[0021] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, each transmission beam of the one or more transmission beams can be assigned a respective frequency range for data transmission, some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for associating each reference signal resource within a given frequency range with a transmission beam assigned a different frequency range for data transmission.

[0022] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, on a first frequency range, data associated with a first transmission beam assigned the first frequency range for data transmission, and receiving, on the first frequency range, a reference signal associated with a second transmission beam assigned a second frequency range for data transmission.

[0023] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, on a first frequency range, data associated with a first transmission beam assigned the first frequency range for data transmission, and receiving an indication of a duration for which data transmission on the first frequency range will be interrupted.

[0024] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining a spatial relationship between a first coverage area of a first transmission beam and a second coverage area of a second transmission beam, the first coverage area encompassing the UE, and receiving the at least one reference signal based at least on the spatial relationship, the at least one reference signal being associated with the second transmission beam.

[0025] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, from the wireless node, an indication of the spatial relationship, where the indication includes a vector indicating transmission beams that can have coverage areas adjacent to the first coverage area.

[0026] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining that reference signal resources associated with the first transmission beam and the second transmission beam are separated in a time domain, where the spatial relationship can be based on determining that reference signal resources associated with the first transmission beam and the second transmission beam are separated in a time domain.

[0027] In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the indication of the set of reference signal resources can be signaled in a system information block or a radio resource control message.

[0028] In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the set of reference signal resources can be associated with a first pattern of estimating transmission beams, the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving an indication of a second set of reference signal resources associated with a second pattern of estimating transmission beams, and receiving an indication of the first pattern or the second pattern.

[0029] In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the wireless node includes a satellite operating in a non-terrestrial network.

[0030] A method for wireless communication at a UE is described. The method can include receiving an indication of a set of multiple sets of reference signal resources for estimating multiple sets of transmit beams of a wireless node, the multiple sets of transmit beams being associated with one or more frequency ranges. The method can include receiving at least one reference signal based on the indication of the set of multiple sets of reference signal resources, the indication indicating, for each frequency range, a respective set of reference signal resources for estimating one subset of the multiple sets of transmit beams associated with a different frequency range, the set of reference signal resources including a set of multiple reference signal resources, each reference signal resource being within the frequency range and each reference signal resource being associated with at least one transmit beam of the subset.

[0031] An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus can include a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The processor and the memory can be configured to receive an indication of a set of multiple sets of reference signal resources for estimating multiple sets of transmit beams of a wireless node, the multiple sets of transmit beams being associated with one or more frequency ranges. The processor and the memory can be configured to receive at least one reference signal based on the indication of the set of multiple sets of reference signal resources, the indication indicating, for each frequency range, a respective set of reference signal resources for estimating one subset of the multiple sets of transmit beams associated with a different frequency range, the set of reference signal resources including a set of multiple reference signal resources, each reference signal resource being within the frequency range and each reference signal resource being associated with at least one transmit beam of the subset.

[0032] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus can include means for receiving an indication of a set of multiple sets of reference signal resources for estimating multiple sets of transmit beams of a wireless node, the multiple sets of transmit beams being associated with one or more frequency ranges. The apparatus can include means for receiving at least one reference signal based on the indication of the set of multiple sets of reference signal resources, the indication indicating, for each frequency range, a respective set of reference signal resources for estimating one subset of the multiple sets of transmit beams associated with a different frequency range, the set of reference signal resources including a set of multiple reference signal resources, each reference signal resource being within the frequency range and each reference signal resource being associated with at least one transmit beam of the subset.

[0033] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE is described. The code can include instructions executable by a processor to receive an indication of a set of multiple sets of reference signal resources for estimating multiple sets of transmit beams of a wireless node, the multiple sets of transmit beams being associated with one or more frequency ranges. The code can include instructions executable by a processor to receive at least one reference signal based on the indication of the set of multiple sets of reference signal resources, the indication indicating, for each frequency range, a respective set of reference signal resources for estimating one subset of the multiple sets of transmit beams associated with a different frequency range, the set of reference signal resources including a set of multiple reference signal resources, each reference signal resource within the frequency range and each reference signal resource being associated with at least one transmit beam of the subset.

[0034] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, each reference signal resource in a given set of reference signal resources can be associated with a respective transmit beam and a respective reference signal.

[0035] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, each reference signal resource in a given set of reference signal resources can be associated with a respective transmit beam and a respective reference signal.

[0036] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining that a first transmit beam can be assigned a first frequency range for data transmission, determining that a second transmit beam can be assigned a second frequency range for data transmission, where the at least one reference signal is associated with the second transmit beam and is received on the first frequency range, the reference signal occupying one or more reference signal resources of the set of reference signal resources for the first frequency range.

[0037] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, on a first frequency range, data associated with a first transmit beam assigned the first frequency range for data transmission, and receiving an indication of a duration for which data transmission on the first frequency range is to be interrupted.

[0038] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, the plurality of reference signal resource sets can be associated with a first pattern of estimating transmission beams, and the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving an indication of a second reference signal resource set associated with a second pattern of estimating transmission beams; and receiving an indication of the first pattern or the second pattern.

[0039] A method for wireless communication is described. The method can include determining a set of transmission beams is associated with a set of frequency ranges such that at least some transmission beams of the set of transmission beams are associated with different frequency ranges of the set of frequency ranges. The method can include determining a set of reference signal resources for estimating the set of transmission beams, the set of reference signal resources including a set of reference signal resource groups, each reference signal resource group including one or more reference signal resources, each reference signal resource group of the set of reference signal resource groups being associated with a respective frequency range of the set of frequency ranges and one or more transmission beams of the set of transmission beams. The method can include transmitting an indication of the set of reference signal resources to a UE to estimate one or more transmission beams of the set of transmission beams.

[0040] An apparatus for wireless communication is described. The apparatus can include a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The processor and the memory can be configured to determine a set of transmission beams is associated with a set of frequency ranges such that at least some transmission beams of the set of transmission beams are associated with different frequency ranges of the set of frequency ranges. The processor and the memory can be configured to determine a set of reference signal resources for estimating the set of transmission beams, the set of reference signal resources including a set of reference signal resource groups, each reference signal resource group including one or more reference signal resources, each reference signal resource group of the set of reference signal resource groups being associated with a respective frequency range of the set of frequency ranges and one or more transmission beams of the set of transmission beams. The processor and the memory can be configured to transmit an indication of the set of reference signal resources to a UE to estimate one or more transmission beams of the set of transmission beams.

[0041] Another apparatus for wireless communication is described. The apparatus can include means for determining that a set of transmit beams is associated with a set of frequency ranges such that at least some of the set of transmit beams are associated with different frequency ranges of the set of frequency ranges. The apparatus can include means for determining a set of reference signal resources for estimating the set of transmit beams, the set of reference signal resources including a set of reference signal resource groups, each reference signal resource group including one or more reference signal resources, each reference signal resource group of the set of reference signal resource groups being associated with a respective frequency range of the set of frequency ranges and one or more transmit beams of the set of transmit beams. The apparatus can include means for transmitting an indication of the set of reference signal resources to a UE to estimate one or more transmit beams of the set of transmit beams.

[0042] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication is described. The code can include instructions executable by a processor to determine that a set of transmit beams is associated with a set of frequency ranges such that at least some of the set of transmit beams are associated with different frequency ranges of the set of frequency ranges. The code can include instructions executable by a processor to determine a set of reference signal resources for estimating the set of transmit beams, the set of reference signal resources including a set of reference signal resource groups, each reference signal resource group including one or more reference signal resources, each reference signal resource group of the set of reference signal resource groups being associated with a respective frequency range of the set of frequency ranges and one or more transmit beams of the set of transmit beams. The code can include instructions executable by a processor to transmit an indication of the set of reference signal resources to a UE to estimate one or more transmit beams of the set of transmit beams.

[0043] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a first reference signal using a first transmit beam on a first reference signal resource included in a first reference signal resource group, transmitting a second reference signal using a second transmit beam and concurrently with transmitting the first reference signal on a second reference signal resource included in a second reference signal resource group.

[0044] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, the set of reference signal resource groups can be staggered in the time domain. Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting, using a first transmit beam, a first reference signal on a first reference signal resource included in a first reference signal resource group and transmitting, after a threshold time period, using a second transmit beam, a second reference signal on a second reference signal resource included in a second reference signal resource group.

[0045] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, at least two reference signal resource groups overlap in the time domain, the at least two reference signal resource groups including a first reference signal resource group and a second reference signal resource group, and other reference signal resource groups can be staggered in the time domain.

[0046] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, the first reference signal resource group can be associated with a first transmit beam having a first coverage area, and the second reference signal resource group can be associated with a second transmit beam having a second coverage area, the first coverage area separated from the second coverage area by a third coverage area of a third transmit beam.

[0047] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for associating each reference signal resource within a given frequency range with a transmit beam assigned a different frequency range for data transmission.

[0048] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting, on a first frequency range, data to a second UE using a first transmit beam assigned the first frequency range for data communication, transmitting a reference signal on a second frequency range using the first transmit beam.

[0049] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining that transmitting the reference signal on the second frequency range using the first transmit beam will interrupt data transmission to the second UE on the first frequency range and transmitting, to the second UE, an indication of a duration of the interruption.

[0050] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining a spatial relationship between coverage areas of the set of transmit beams, and transmitting, to the UE, an indication of the spatial relationship. In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the indication includes a vector indicating which transmit beams can have adjacent coverage areas.

[0051] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, each reference signal resource group includes a pair of reference signal resources. Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for code division multiplexing a first reference signal transmitted using a first beam on the pair of reference signal resources with a second reference signal transmitted using a second beam on the pair of reference signal resources.

[0052] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for frequency division multiplexing a first reference signal transmitted using a first beam on the pair of reference signal resources with a second reference signal transmitted using a second beam on the pair of reference signal resources.

[0053] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the indication of the set of reference signal resources can be signaled in a system information block or a radio resource control message.

[0054] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining a second set of reference signal resources that can be associated with a second pattern of estimated transmit beams, and transmitting, to the UE, an indication of the second set of reference signal resources.

[0055] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for selecting the first pattern or the second pattern based on a capability of the UE, and transmitting, to the UE, an indication of the first pattern or the second pattern.

[0056] A method for wireless communication is described. The method can include determining a respective frequency range for each transmit beam of a set of transmit beams to be assigned for data transmission. The method can include determining a set of reference signal resources for each frequency range for estimating a subset of the transmit beams assigned different frequency ranges, the set of reference signal resources including a set of reference signal resources each within the frequency range and each associated with one or more transmit beams of the subset of transmit beams. The method can include transmitting an indication of the set of reference signal resources to a UE for estimating the subset of transmit beams.

[0057] An apparatus for wireless communication is described. The apparatus can include a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The processor and the memory can be configured to determine a respective frequency range for each transmit beam of a set of transmit beams to be assigned for data transmission. The processor and the memory can be configured to determine a set of reference signal resources for each frequency range for estimating a subset of the transmit beams assigned different frequency ranges, the set of reference signal resources including a set of reference signal resources each within the frequency range and each associated with one or more transmit beams of the subset of transmit beams. The processor and the memory can be configured to transmit an indication of the set of reference signal resources to a UE for estimating the subset of transmit beams.

[0058] Another apparatus for wireless communication is described. The apparatus can include means for determining a respective frequency range for each transmit beam of a set of transmit beams to be assigned for data transmission. The apparatus can include means for determining a set of reference signal resources for each frequency range for estimating a subset of the transmit beams assigned different frequency ranges, the set of reference signal resources including a set of reference signal resources each within the frequency range and each associated with one or more transmit beams of the subset of transmit beams. The apparatus can include means for transmitting an indication of the set of reference signal resources to a UE for estimating the subset of transmit beams.

[0059] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication is described. The code can include instructions executable by a processor to determine a respective frequency range for data transmission to be assigned for each transmit beam of a set of transmit beams. The code can include instructions executable by a processor to determine a set of reference signal resources for each frequency range for estimating a subset of the transmit beams assigned different frequency ranges, the set of reference signal resources including a set of reference signal resources each reference signal resource located within the frequency range and each reference signal resource associated with one or more transmit beams of the subset of transmit beams. The code can include instructions executable by a processor to transmit an indication of the set of reference signal resources to a UE for estimating the subset of transmit beams.

[0060] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable media described herein, each reference signal resource of the set of reference signal resources can be associated with a respective transmit beam and a respective reference signal.

[0061] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable media described herein, each reference signal resource of the set of reference signal resources can be associated with a respective transmit beam and a respective reference signal.

[0062] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable media described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining that a first transmit beam is assigned a first frequency range for data transmission and transmitting a reference signal on at least one reference signal resource of the set of reference signal resources in the first frequency range using a second transmit beam assigned a second frequency range for data transmission.

[0063] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable media described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining that data communications on the second frequency range will be interrupted during transmission of the reference signal on the first frequency range and transmitting an indication of a duration of the interruption to a device receiving the data communications on the second frequency range.

[0064] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable media described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a second reference signal on at least one reference signal resource of the set of reference signal resources in the first frequency range using a third transmit beam.

[0065] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, the second reference signal can be transmitted on a same set of reference signal resources as the reference signal.

[0066] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, the second reference signal can be transmitted on a different set of reference signal resources than the reference signal.

[0067] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a first reference signal and a second reference signal on a set of reference signal resources of a set of reference signal resources for a third frequency range, transmitting the first reference signal using a first transmission beam assigned a first frequency range for data transmission, and transmitting the second reference signal using a second transmission beam assigned a second frequency range for data transmission.

[0068] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein, the first reference signal and the second reference signal can be code division multiplexed or frequency division multiplexed.

[0069] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining a second set of reference signal resources that can be associated with a second pattern of estimating transmission beams, and transmitting an indication of the second set of reference signal resources to the UE.

[0070] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for selecting the first pattern or the second pattern based on a capability of the UE, and transmitting an indication of the first pattern or the second pattern to the UE.

[0071] A method for wireless communication is described. The method can include determining a set of transmission beams each assigned a respective frequency range for data transmission, the set of transmission beams including a first transmission beam assigned a first frequency range for data transmission. The method can include transmitting a synchronization signal block using the first transmission beam on a second frequency range. The method can include transmitting a reference signal using the first transmission beam on the second frequency range concurrently with transmitting the synchronization signal block.

[0072] An apparatus for wireless communication is described. The apparatus can include a processor and memory coupled to the processor. The processor and the memory can be configured to determine a set of transmit beams each assigned a respective frequency range for data transmission, the set of transmit beams including a first transmit beam assigned a first frequency range for data transmission. The processor and the memory can be configured to transmit a synchronization signal block over a second frequency range using the first transmit beam. The processor and the memory can be configured to transmit a reference signal over the second frequency range using the first transmit beam concurrently with the transmitting the synchronization signal block.

[0073] Another apparatus for wireless communication is described. The apparatus can include means for determining a set of transmit beams each assigned a respective frequency range for data transmission, the set of transmit beams including a first transmit beam assigned a first frequency range for data transmission. The apparatus can include means for transmitting a synchronization signal block over a second frequency range using the first transmit beam. The apparatus can include means for transmitting a reference signal over the second frequency range using the first transmit beam concurrently with the transmitting the synchronization signal block.

[0074] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication is described. The code can include instructions executable by a processor to determine a set of transmit beams each assigned a respective frequency range for data transmission, the set of transmit beams including a first transmit beam assigned a first frequency range for data transmission. The code can include instructions executable by the processor to transmit a synchronization signal block over a second frequency range using the first transmit beam. The code can include instructions executable by the processor to transmit a reference signal over the second frequency range using the first transmit beam concurrently with the transmitting the synchronization signal block.

[0075] Some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting data to the device over the first frequency range using the first transmit beam.

[0076] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining, based on simultaneously transmitting the synchronization signal block and the reference signal over the second frequency range using the first transmit beam, that a data transmission to the device over the first frequency range is to be interrupted, and transmitting, to the device, an indication of the interruption prior to simultaneously transmitting the synchronization signal block and the reference signal.

[0077] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the set of beams can include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting, using the second transmit beam, a second synchronization signal block over a third frequency range, and transmitting, using the second transmit beam, a second reference signal over the third frequency range concurrently with transmitting the second synchronization signal block.

[0078] A method for wireless communication at a UE is described. The method can include determining that a wireless node in communication with the UE has a set of transmit beams associated with a set of frequency ranges for communication with the UE such that at least some of the set of transmit beams are associated with different frequency ranges of the set of frequency ranges. The method can include receiving an indication of a set of reference signal resources for estimating the one or more transmit beams. The method can include determining, based on the indication, that the set of reference signal resources includes a set of reference signal resource groups, each reference signal resource group including one or more reference signal resources, each reference signal resource group of the set of reference signal resource groups being associated with a respective frequency range and at least one transmit beam.

[0079] An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus can include a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The processor and the memory can be configured to determine that a wireless node in communication with the UE has a set of transmit beams associated with a set of frequency ranges for communication with the UE such that at least some of the set of transmit beams are associated with different frequency ranges of the set of frequency ranges. The processor and the memory can be configured to receive an indication of a set of reference signal resources for estimating the one or more transmit beams. The processor and the memory can be configured to determine, based on the indication, that the set of reference signal resources includes a set of reference signal resource groups, each reference signal resource group including one or more reference signal resources, each reference signal resource group of the set of reference signal resource groups being associated with a respective frequency range and at least one transmit beam.

[0080] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus can include means for determining that a wireless node in communication with the UE has a set of transmission beams associated with a set of frequency ranges for communication with the UE such that at least some of the set of transmission beams are associated with different frequency ranges of the set of frequency ranges. The apparatus can include means for receiving an indication of a set of reference signal resources for estimating the one or more transmission beams. The apparatus can include means for determining, based on the indication, that the set of reference signal resources includes a set of reference signal resource groups, where each reference signal resource group includes one or more reference signal resources, and each reference signal resource group of the set of reference signal resource groups is associated with a respective frequency range and at least one transmission beam.

[0081] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE is described. The code can include instructions executable by a processor to determine that a wireless node in communication with the UE has a set of transmission beams associated with a set of frequency ranges for communication with the UE such that at least some of the set of transmission beams are associated with different frequency ranges of the set of frequency ranges. The code can include instructions executable by a processor to receive an indication of a set of reference signal resources for estimating the one or more transmission beams. The code can include instructions executable by a processor to determine, based on the indication, that the set of reference signal resources includes a set of reference signal resource groups, where each reference signal resource group includes one or more reference signal resources, and each reference signal resource group of the set of reference signal resource groups is associated with a respective frequency range and at least one transmission beam.

[0082] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a first reference signal transmitted using a first transmission beam, the first reference signal occupying a first reference signal resource included in a first reference signal resource group, and receiving a second reference signal transmitted using a second transmission beam concurrently with receiving the first reference signal, the second reference signal occupying a second reference signal resource included in a second reference signal resource group.

[0083] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the set of reference signal resource groups can be staggered in a time domain.

[0084] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a first reference signal transmitted using a first transmit beam, the first reference signal occupying a first reference signal resource included in a first reference signal resource group, and receiving, after the threshold time period, a second reference signal transmitted using a second transmit beam, the second reference signal occupying a second reference signal resource included in a second reference signal resource group.

[0085] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, at least two reference signal resource groups overlap in the time domain, and other reference signal resource groups can be interleaved in the time domain, the at least two reference signal resource groups including the first reference signal resource group and the second reference signal resource group.

[0086] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first reference signal resource group can be associated with a first transmit beam having a first coverage area, and the second reference signal resource group can be associated with a second transmit beam having a second coverage area, the first coverage area being separated from the second coverage area by a third coverage area of a third transmit beam.

[0087] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for associating each reference signal resource within a given frequency range with a transmit beam assigned a different frequency range for data transmission.

[0088] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, over a first frequency range, data transmitted using a first transmit beam assigned the first frequency range for data transmission, and receiving, over the first frequency range, a reference signal transmitted using a second transmit beam that can be assigned a second frequency range for data transmission.

[0089] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, over a first frequency range, data transmitted using a first transmit beam assigned the first frequency range for data transmission, and receiving an indication of a duration for which data transmission over the first frequency range will be interrupted.

[0090] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining a spatial relationship between a first coverage area of a first transmission beam and a second coverage area of a second transmission beam, the first coverage area encompassing the UE, and receiving a reference signal transmitted using the second transmission beam based at least on the spatial relationship.

[0091] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, from the wireless node, an indication of the spatial relationship, where the indication includes a vector indicating transmission beams having coverage areas adjacent to the first coverage area.

[0092] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining that reference signal resources associated with the first transmission beam and the second transmission beam are separated in a time domain, where the spatial relationship can be based on determining that reference signal resources associated with the first transmission beam and the second transmission beam are separated in a time domain.

[0093] In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the indication of the set of reference signal resources can be signaled in a system information block or a radio resource control message.

[0094] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving an indication of a second set of reference signal resources associated with a second pattern of estimated transmission beams, and receiving an indication of the first pattern or the second pattern.

[0095] In some examples of the method, apparatus, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the wireless node comprises a satellite operating in a non-terrestrial network.

[0096] A method for wireless communication at a UE is described. The method can include determining that a wireless node in communication with the UE has one or more transmit beams for communicating with the UE over one or more frequency ranges. The method can include receiving an indication of a set of reference signal resource sets for estimating a set of one transmit beam for communicating with the UE over the one or more frequency ranges. The method can include determining, for each frequency range, a respective set of reference signal resources for estimating a subset of the set of transmit beams associated with a different frequency range, the set of reference signal resources including a set of reference signal resources each within the frequency range and each associated with at least one transmit beam of the subset of transmit beams.

[0097] An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus can include a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The processor and the memory can be configured to determine that a wireless node in communication with the UE has one or more transmit beams for communicating with the UE over one or more frequency ranges. The processor and the memory can be configured to receive an indication of a set of reference signal resource sets for estimating a set of one transmit beam for communicating with the UE over the one or more frequency ranges. The processor and the memory can be configured to determine, for each frequency range, a respective set of reference signal resources for estimating a subset of the set of transmit beams associated with a different frequency range, the set of reference signal resources including a set of reference signal resources each within the frequency range and each associated with at least one transmit beam of the subset of transmit beams.

[0098] Another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus can include means for determining that a wireless node in communication with the UE has one or more transmit beams for communicating with the UE over one or more frequency ranges. The apparatus can include means for receiving an indication of a set of reference signal resource sets for estimating a set of one transmit beam for communicating with the UE over the one or more frequency ranges. The apparatus can include means for determining, for each frequency range, a respective set of reference signal resources for estimating a subset of the set of transmit beams associated with a different frequency range, the set of reference signal resources including a set of reference signal resources each within the frequency range and each associated with at least one transmit beam of the subset of transmit beams.

[0099] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE is described. The code can include instructions executable by a processor to determine that a wireless node in communication with the UE has one or more transmit beams for communicating with the UE over one or more frequency ranges. The code can include instructions executable by a processor to receive an indication of a set of reference signal resource sets for estimating a set of transmit beams, the set of transmit beams including the one or more transmit beams. The code can include instructions executable by a processor to determine, for each frequency range, a respective set of reference signal resources for estimating a subset of the set of transmit beams associated with the different frequency range, the set of reference signal resources including a set of reference signal resources each within the frequency range and each reference signal resource being associated with at least one transmit beam of the subset of transmit beams.

[0100] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable media described herein, each reference signal resource in a given set of reference signal resources can be associated with a respective transmit beam and a respective reference signal.

[0101] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer- readable media described herein, each reference signal resource in a given set of reference signal resources can be associated with a respective transmit beam and a respective reference signal.

[0102] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining that a first transmit beam can be assigned a first frequency range for data transmission, determining that a second transmit beam can be assigned a second frequency range for data transmission, and receiving a reference signal transmitted using the second transmit beam over the first frequency range, the reference signal occupying one or more reference signal resources of the set of reference signal resources for the first frequency range.

[0103] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, over a first frequency range, data transmitted using a first transmit beam assigned the first frequency range for data transmission, and receiving an indication of a duration for which data transmission over the first frequency range is to be interrupted.

[0104] Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein can further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving an indication of a second set of reference signal resources associated with a second pattern of estimated transmission beams, receiving an indication of the first pattern or the second pattern.

[0105] In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the wireless node comprises a satellite operating in a non-terrestrial network. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0106] FIG. 1 An example of a process flow that supports beam management in a wireless communications network is shown.

[0107] FIG. 2 An example of a process flow that supports beam management in a wireless communications network is shown.

[0108] FIG. 3 An example of a process flow that supports beam management in a wireless communications network is shown.

[0109] FIG. 4 An example of a process flow that supports beam management in a wireless communications network is shown.

[0110] FIG. 5 An example of a process flow that supports beam management in a wireless communications network is shown.

[0111] FIG. 6 An example of a process flow that supports beam management in a wireless communications network is shown.

[0112] FIG. 7A And FIG. 7B An example of a process flow that supports beam management in a wireless communications network is shown.

[0113] FIG. 8 An example of a process flow that supports beam management in a wireless communications network is shown.

[0114] FIG. 9 An example of a process flow that supports beam management in a wireless communications network is shown.

[0115] FIG. 10An example of a process flow that supports beam management in a wireless communication network is shown.

[0116] FIG. 11 And FIG. 12 A block diagram of a device that supports beam management in a wireless communication network is shown.

[0117] FIG. 13 A block diagram of a communications manager that supports beam management in a wireless communication network is shown.

[0118] FIG. 14 A diagram of a system including a device that supports beam management in a wireless communication network is shown.

[0119] FIG. 15 And FIG. 16 A block diagram of a device that supports beam management in a wireless communication network is shown.

[0120] FIG. 17 A block diagram of a communications manager that supports beam management in a wireless communication network is shown.

[0121] FIG. 18 A diagram of a system including a device that supports beam management in a wireless communication network is shown.

[0122] FIGS. 19-28 A flow diagram illustrating a method that supports beam management in a wireless communication network in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0123] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0124] A non-terrestrial network (sometimes referred to as an NTN) can provide wireless communication coverage by using high-flying aerial vehicles between user terminals and base stations (e.g., next generation NodeBs or giga-NodeBs, either of which can be referred to as a gNB) (also referred to as access stations or access gateways). For example, a base station can transmit data to a satellite, which relays the data to a user terminal, and vice versa. In some examples, the high-flying aerial vehicles themselves can be base stations. A user terminal can be any device that has the ability to transmit signals to a satellite. Examples of user terminals can include a UE, a relay device configured to relay signals between a satellite and a user terminal, or a combination thereof.

[0125] A satellite can use multiple transmit beams to provide coverage to user terminals on the ground. For example, a satellite can use different transmit beams to communicate with user terminals at different locations on the ground. Although the transmit beams can be fixed with respect to the satellite, the coverage area (e.g., coverage region) of the beams can move with respect to the user terminals due to movement of the satellite. Thus, over time, a transmit beam used to communicate with a user terminal can weaken or become undesirable. In such cases, the satellite and the user terminal can cooperate such that a transmit beam with better quality can be determined. For example, a user terminal can use a synchronization signal (e.g., a synchronization signal block (SSB)) transmitted by the satellite to enable initial access to determine a best transmit beam to use to communicate with the user terminal.

[0126] However, using synchronization signals as a basis for beam management can be computationally burdensome for a user terminal. For example, measuring synchronization signals for channel estimation can require many processing resources. Additionally, a user terminal can perform unrelated operations associated with synchronizing to a network even if the user terminal is already synchronized in time and frequency domains.

[0127] According to techniques described herein, a reference signal such as a channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS) can be used to reduce the computational burden (e.g., processing load and complexity) of a user terminal participating in beam management. For example, a satellite serving a user terminal can transmit a CSI-RS using each transmit beam employed by the satellite for data communications. The CSI-RS can be transmitted on a set of reference signal resources, which set of reference signal resources includes sets of reference signal resources within respective frequency ranges (e.g., bandwidth parts (BWPs), frequency intervals). As used herein, one frequency range can refer to a frequency interval that a single transmission can potentially fully occupy and can be different from a frequency range, e.g., abbreviated as FR1 (410 MHz - 7.125 GHz) or FR2 (24.25 GHz - 52.6 GHz), which can be used to refer to multiple potential frequency intervals that can be occupied by multiple transmissions from multiple transmitters.

[0128] In a first example, a respective bandwidth part (or frequency range) for data transmission can be assigned for each transmit beam, and the satellite can transmit a respective CSI-RS using each transmit beam on the bandwidth part (or frequency range) allocated to that transmit beam. To implement this example, the satellite can determine a set of CSI-RS resources spanning multiple bandwidth parts (or frequency ranges). The set of CSI-RS resources can include multiple groups of CSI-RS resources, and each group of CSI-RS resources can be associated with a respective bandwidth part (or frequency range). In some implementations, the groups of CSI-RS resources can be aligned in the time domain. In other implementations, the groups of CSI-RS resources can be distributed in the time domain. In other implementations, some groups of CSI-RS resources can be aligned in the time domain, while other groups are distributed in the time domain.

[0129] In a second example, a respective bandwidth part (or frequency range) for data transmission can be assigned for each transmit beam, but the satellite can transmit a respective CSI-RS using each transmit beam on the bandwidth part (or frequency range) currently used to communicate data to the user terminal (as opposed to the bandwidth part (or frequency range) assigned to that transmit beam for data communication). To implement this example, the satellite can determine multiple sets of CSI-RS resources, each set associated with a respective bandwidth part (or frequency range).

[0130] In a third example, the satellite can transmit a CSI-RS concurrently with a synchronization signal (e.g., SSB). For example, when the satellite switches a bandwidth part (e.g., or frequency range) to transmit an SSB, the satellite can also transmit a CSI-RS on the same bandwidth part (e.g., or frequency range) as the SSB. The CSI-RS can be transmitted concurrently with the SSB, and using the same transmit beam as the SSB. The term “concurrently” can be used to describe operations that occur at the same point in time or within the same window of time. The term “concurrently” can be used to describe operations that occur substantially concurrently (e.g., with a slight temporal offset) or within a partially overlapping time.

[0131] Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of a wireless communications system. Aspects of the disclosure are further described in the context of an additional wireless communications system and one or more reference signal resource configurations related to aspects of transmission beam management in a wireless communications network. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated by apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts related to several aspects related to transmission beam management for a wireless communications network, and are described in the context of the aforementioned diagrams.

[0132] FIG. 1An example of a wireless communication system 100 supporting beam management in a wireless communication network according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more base stations 105 (e.g., next-generation node B (gNodeB, gNB) and / or radio headends (RH)), one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be an LTE network, an LTE-A network, an LTE-A Pro network, or a new radio (NR) network. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support enhanced broadband communication, ultra-reliable (e.g., mission-critical) communication, low-latency communication, or communication with low-cost and low-complexity devices, or any combination thereof.

[0133] Base stations 105 can be distributed throughout a geographical area to form a wireless communication system 100, and can be devices of different forms or with different capabilities. Base stations 105 and UE 115 can communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125. Each base station 105 can provide a coverage area 110, and UE 115 and base station 105 can establish one or more communication links 125 on the coverage area 110. Coverage area 110 can be an example of a geographical area where base station 105 and UE 115 can support signal transmission according to one or more radio access technologies.

[0134] UE 115 can be distributed throughout the entire coverage area 110 of the wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 can be stationary, mobile, or both at different times. UE 115 can be devices of different forms or with different capabilities. FIG. 1 Some example UE 115s are shown in the document. The UE 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as other UE 115s, base station 105, or network devices (e.g., core network nodes, relay devices, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or other network devices), such as FIG. 1 As shown.

[0135] The base stations 105 can communicate with the core network 130, or with one another, or both. For example, the base stations 105 can interface with the core network 130 through one or more backhaul links 134 (e.g., via an SI, N2, N3, or other interface). The base stations 105 can communicate with one another over the backhaul links 134 (e.g., via an X2, Xn, or other interface) either directly (e.g., directly between base stations 105), or indirectly (e.g., via core network 130), or both, in some examples, the backhaul links 134 can be or include one or more wireless links. A UE 115 can communicate with the core network 130 through a communication link 136.

[0136] One or more of the base stations 105 described herein can include or can be referred to by those skilled in the art as a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), a next-generation NodeB or giga-NodeB (either of which can be referred to as a gNB), a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or other suitable terminology.

[0137] The UEs 115 can include or can be referred to as mobile devices, wireless devices, remote devices, handheld devices, or subscriber devices, or some other suitable terminology, where the “device” can also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. The UEs 115 can also include or can be referred to as personal electronic devices such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, the UE 115 can include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communications (MTC) device, among other examples, which can be implemented in various objects such as appliances, or vehicles, meters, or other items.

[0138] The UEs 115 described herein can be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115 that can sometimes act as relays or FIG. 1 devices, as shown in FIG. 1.

[0139] The UEs 115 and the base stations 105 can wirelessly communicate with one another via one or more communication links 125 over one or more carriers. The term “carrier” can refer to a set of radio frequency spectrum resources (e.g., frequency channels) with a defined physical layer structure configured for supporting

[0140] The communication links 125 shown in wireless communication system 100 can include uplink transmissions from a UE 115 to a base station 105, or downlink transmissions from a base station 105 to a UE 115. Carriers can carry downlink or uplink communications (e.g., in an FDD mode) or can be configured to carry downlink and uplink communications (e.g., in a TDD mode).

[0141] A carrier can be associated with a particular bandwidth of radio frequency spectrum, and in some examples the carrier bandwidth can be referred to as a “system bandwidth” of the carrier or the wireless communication system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth can be one of a number of determined bandwidths for carriers of a particular radio access technology (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, or 80 megahertz (MHz)). Devices of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., base stations 105, UEs 115, or both) can have hardware configurations that support communications over

[0142] The electromagnetic spectrum is often subdivided based on frequency / wavelength into various classes, bands, channels, etc. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency range designation FR1 (410 MHz - 7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz - 52.6 GHz). It should be understood that while a portion of FR1 is above 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “Sub- 6 GHz” band in various documents and articles. A similar nomenclature issue sometimes occurs with regard to FR2, which is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “millimeter wave” band in documents and articles, despite being different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz - 300 GHz) which is designated as a “millimeter wave” band by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU).

[0143] The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR studies have identified operating bands for these mid-band frequencies as frequency range designation FR3 (7.125 GHz - 24.25 GHz). Bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 characteristics and / or FR2 characteristics, and thus can effectively extend FR1 and / or FR2 characteristics to mid-band frequencies. Furthermore, even higher bands are currently under exploration to extend operation of 5G NR beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as frequency range designation FR4-a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz - 71 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz - 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz - 300 GHz). Each of these higher bands falls within the EHF band.

[0144] With the above aspects in mind, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that the term “Sub-6 GHz” or the like, if used herein, can broadly represent frequencies that can be less than 6 GHz, can be within FR1, or can include mid-band frequencies. Further, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that the term “millimeter wave” or the like, if used herein, can broadly represent frequencies that can include mid-band frequencies, can be within FR2, FR4, FR4-a, or FR4-1, and / or FR5, or can be within the EHF band.

[0145] The signal waveform transmitted on a carrier can consist of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multicarrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or DFT-S-OFDM). In a system employing MCM, a resource element can consist of one symbol period (e.g., the duration of a modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, where the symbol period and subcarrier spacing are inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element can depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both). Therefore, the more resource elements UE 115 receives and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate can be for UE 115. Wireless communication resources can refer to a combination of radio frequency spectrum resources, temporal resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and the use of multiple spatial layers can further increase the data rate or data integrity used for communication with UE 115.

[0146] One or more digital schemes (numerologies) can be supported for a carrier, where the digital scheme may include subcarrier spacing (Δf) and a cyclic prefix. A carrier can be divided into one or more bandwidth portions with the same or different digital schemes. In some examples, UE 115 can be configured with multiple bandwidth portions. In some examples, a single bandwidth portion for a carrier can be active at a given time, and communication for UE 115 can be restricted to one or more active BWPs.

[0147] It can be expressed in a basic unit of time (which can be, for example, T). s =1 / (Δf) max ·N f The sampling period is ) seconds, where Δf max This can represent the maximum supported subcarrier spacing, and N f The time slots for base station 105 or UE 115 can be represented as multiples of the maximum supported Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) size. Time slots for communication resources can be organized based on radio frames, each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame can be identified by a System Frame Number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0148] Each frame can include a plurality of sequentially numbered subframes or slots, and each subframe or slot can have the same duration. In some examples, a frame can be partitioned (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe can be further partitioned into a number of slots. Alternatively, each frame can include a variable number of slots, and the number of slots can depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each slot can include a number of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, slots can be further partitioned into mini-slots containing one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period can contain one or more (e.g., N f The duration of a symbol period can depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating band.

[0149] A subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, or a symbol can be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communications system 100 and can be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., the number of symbol periods in a TTI) can be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communications system 100 can be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs)).

[0150] Physical channels can be multiplexed on a carrier according to various techniques. A physical control channel and a physical data channel can be multiplexed on a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) for a physical control channel can be defined by a number of symbol periods and can extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) can be configured for a set of UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 can monitor or search control regions for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set can include one or more control channel candidates arranged in a cascaded manner at one or more aggregation levels. An aggregation level for a control channel candidate can refer to a number of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size. Search space sets can include common search space sets configured for sending control information to multiple UEs 115 and UE-specific search space sets configured for sending control information to a specific UE 115.

[0151] Each base station 105 can provide communication coverage for a respective geographic coverage area 110 of a network 100 via communication links 125 with UEs 115 and 130 dispersed throughout the network 100. These base stations 105 can be referred to as cell sites, femtocell sites, sites, APs, or simply cells. A base station 105 can communicate with UEs 115 on a downlink (DL) at high speeds (e.g., in a high-speed train, a car, or a bus) or low speeds (e.g., on foot). In some examples, a base station 105 can be movable and therefore provide communication coverage for a moving geographic coverage area 110. In some examples, different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies can overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 110 can be supported by the same base station 105.

[0152] A macro cell can generally cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and can allow unrestricted access by UEs 115 with service subscriptions with the network provider. A small cell, which can also be referred to as a femto cell, a pico cell, a home eNB, or other similar terminology, can be associated with a lower- powered base station 105 and can include one or more remote units 105 that operate using a limited amount of service provider network resources. A small cell can provide service to a UE 115 in an individual home or business, or a small number of adjacent homes or businesses. A small cell can support restricted access by UE 115 with service subscriptions with the network provider, e.g., for homes, businesses, or groups of users.

[0153] In some examples, a carrier can support multiple cells, and different cells of the carrier can be configured according to different protocol types (e.g., MTC, narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB)) that can provide access to devices according to different

[0154] In some examples, base stations 105 can be movable and therefore provide communication coverage for a moving geographic coverage area 110. In some examples, different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies can overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 110 can be supported by the same base station 105. In other examples, overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies can be supported by different base stations 105. The wireless communications system 100 can include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of base stations 105 provide coverage for various geographic coverage areas 110 using the same or different radio access technologies.

[0155] Some UE 115s (such as MTC or IoT devices) can be low-cost or low-complexity devices and can provide automated communication between machines (e.g., via machine-to-machine (M2M) communication). M2M communication or MTC can refer to data communication technologies that allow devices to communicate with each other or with base station 105 without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC may include communication from devices with integrated sensors or meters to measure or capture information, and relaying such information to a central server or application that utilizes or presents the information to people interacting with the application. Some UE 115s can be designed to collect information or automate the behavior of machines or other devices. Examples of applications for MTC devices include smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather and geological event monitoring, fleet management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based billing.

[0156] Wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication, or various combinations thereof. For example, wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) or mission-critical communication. UE 115 can be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or mission-critical functions (e.g., mission-critical functions). Ultra-reliable communication can include private or group communication and can be supported by one or more mission-critical services (such as mission-critical push-to-talk (MCPTT), mission-critical video (MCVideo), or mission-critical data (MCData)). Support for mission-critical functions can include service prioritization, and mission-critical services can be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, mission-critical, and ultra-reliable low-latency are used interchangeably herein.

[0157] In some examples, UE 115 can also be able to communicate directly with other UEs 115 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., using a peer-to-peer (P2P) or D2D protocol). One or more UEs 115 utilizing D2D communications can be within the geographic coverage area 110 of a base station 105. Other UEs 115 in such a group can be outside the geographic coverage area 110 of a base station 105 or be otherwise unable to receive transmissions from a base station 105. In some examples, groups of UEs 115 communicating via D2D communications can utilize a one-to-many (1 :M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to every other UE 115 in the group. In some examples, a base station 105 facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In other cases, D2D communications are carried out between UEs 115 without the involvement of a base station 105.

[0158] In some systems, the D2D communication link 135 can be an example of a communication channel, such as a sidelink communication channel, between vehicles (e.g., UEs 115). In some examples, vehicles can communicate using vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications, car-to-car (V2V) communications, or some combination of these. A vehicle can signal information related to traffic conditions, signal scheduling, weather, safety, emergencies, or any other information related to V2X systems. In some examples, vehicles in a V2X system can communicate with roadside infrastructure, such as roadside units, or with the network via one or more network nodes (e.g., base stations 105) using vehicle-to-network (V2N) communications, or both.

[0159] The core network 130 can provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 can be an evolved packet core (EPC) or 5G core (5GC), which can include at least one control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF)) and at least one user plane entity that routes packets to and from user equipment (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or user plane function (UPF)). The control plane entity can manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for UEs 115 served by base stations 105 associated with the core network 130. User IP packets can be transferred through the user plane entity, which can provide IP address allocation as well as other functions. The user plane entity can be connected to a network operator IP services 150. The operator IP services 150 can include access to the Internet, Intranet, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or a Packet-Switched Streaming Service.

[0160] Some of the network devices, such as a base station 105, can include subcomponents such as an access network entity 140, which can be an example of an access node controller (ANC). Each access network entity 140 can communicate with UEs 115 through one or more other access network transmission entities 145, which can be referred to as radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission / reception points (TRPs). Each access network transmission entity 145 can include one or more antenna panels. In some configurations, various functions of each access network entity 140 or base station 105 can be distributed across various network devices (e.g., radio heads and ANCs) or consolidated into a single network device (e.g., a base station 105).

[0161] The wireless communications system 100 can operate using one or more frequency bands, typically in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band, since the wavelengths range from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves can be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, but the waves can penetrate structures sufficiently for a macro cell to provide service to UEs 115 located indoors. Transmission of UHF waves can associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 kilometers) compared to transmission using the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz.

[0162] The wireless communications system 100 can also operate in a super high frequency (SHF) region, also known as the centimeter band, from 3 GHz to 30 GHz, or in an extremely high frequency (EHF) region, also known as the millimeter band, from 30 GHz to 300 GHz, of the spectrum. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 can support millimeter wave (mmW) communications between the UEs 115 and the base stations 105, and EHF antennas can be even smaller and more closely spaced than UHF antennas. In some examples, this can facilitate use of antenna arrays within a device. However, the propagation of EHF transmissions can be subject to even greater atmospheric attenuation and shorter range than SHF or UHF transmissions. Techniques disclosed herein can be employed across transmissions that use one or more different frequency regions, and designated use of bands across these frequency regions can differ by country or regulating body.

[0163] The wireless communications system 100 can utilize both licensed and unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communications system 100 can employ License Assisted Access (LAA), LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in an unlicensed frequency spectrum band, such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. When operating in unlicensed frequency spectrum bands, devices such as the base stations 105 and the UEs 115 can employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations in unlicensed frequency spectrum bands can be based on a carrier aggregation configuration in which a primary component carrier (PCC) is operated in a licensed frequency spectrum band and one or more secondary component carriers (SCCs) are operated in an unlicensed frequency spectrum band. Operations in unlicensed spectrum can include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among other examples.

[0164] The base stations 105 or UEs 115 can be equipped with multiple antennas, which can be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of a base station 105 or a UE 115 can be co-located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which can support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays can be located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower, in some examples, the antennas associated with a base station 105 can be located in different geographic locations. A base station 105 can have a number of antenna arrays with a number of antenna ports that the base station 105 can use to support beamforming of communications to UEs 115. Likewise, a UE 115 can have one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, antenna panels can support radio frequency beamforming of signals transmitted via the antenna ports.

[0165] Beamforming, which can also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a base station 105, a UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming can be achieved by combining the signals communicated by antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating at particular orientations with respect to an antenna array experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference. The combination of signals can be performed such that the energy in the combined signals is concentrated in a particular direction, which can be changed according to a beamforming weight applied to the signals. The beamforming weight can be determined such that the beam is aligned in a desired direction. The beam can be “steered” through various orientations by the application of different beamforming weights. The beam can be “steered” across different directions to identify a “best” beam that can be used for communication between the transmitting device and the receiving device. The alignment of the beam can improve the communication between the transmitting device and the receiving device by increasing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), increasing the signal-to- interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), or both, as compared to unbeamformed signals. The beam can be formed and steered independently for each of the transmitting and receiving devices.

[0166] As part of the beamforming operation, a base station 105 or a UE 115 can use a beam sweeping technique. For example, a base station 105 can use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to perform beamforming operations for directional communications with a UE 115. The base station 105 can send some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam- selection signals, or other control signals) multiple times in different directions. For example, the base station 105 can send the signals according to different beamforming weight sets associated with different directions of transmission. The transmissions in the different beam directions can be used by a transmitting device (such as a base station 105) or by a receiving device (such as a UE 115) to identify a beam direction for subsequent transmission or reception by the base station 105.

[0167] The base station 105 can send some signals (e.g., data signals associated with a particular receiving device) in a single beam direction (e.g., a direction associated with the receiving device, such as a UE 115). In some examples, the beam direction associated with transmissions along a single beam direction can be determined based on a signal that was sent in one or more beam directions. For example, a UE 115 can receive one or more of the signals sent by a base station 105 in different directions, and can report to the base station 105 an indication of the signal that the UE 115 received with a highest signal quality, or an otherwise acceptable signal quality.

[0168] In some examples, transmissions by a device (e.g., by a base station 105 or a UE 115) can be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device can use a combination of digital precoding or radio frequency beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmissions (e.g., from a base station 105 to a UE 115). A UE 115 can report feedback that indicates precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and the feedback can correspond to a configured number of beams across a system bandwidth or one or more sub-bands. A base station 105 can transmit reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS), CSI-RS) that can be precoded or unprecoded. A UE 115 can provide feedback for beam selection, which can be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., a multi-panel type codebook, a linear combination type codebook, a port selection type codebook). Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted in one or more directions by a base station 105, a UE 115 can employ similar techniques for transmitting signals in different directions (e.g., for identifying beam directions for subsequent transmission or reception by the UE 115) or in a single direction (e.g., for transmitting data to a receiving device).

[0169] A receiving device (e.g., a UE 115) can try multiple receive configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals from base stations 105, such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals. For example, a receiving device can try multiple receive directions by receiving via different antenna subarrays, by processing received signals according to different antenna subarrays, by receiving according to different receive beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, or by processing received signals according to different receive beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array. In some examples, a receiving device can use a single receive configuration to receive signals along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving a data signal). The single receive configuration can be aligned in a beam direction determined based on listening in different receive beam directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have a highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or otherwise acceptable signal quality based on listening in multiple beam directions).

[0170] The UEs 115 and the base stations 105 can support retransmissions of data to increase the likelihood that data is received successfully. HARQ feedback is one technique of increasing the likelihood that data is received successfully. HARQ can include a combination of error correction (e.g., using a cyclic redundancy check (CRC)), forward error correction (FEC), and retransmission (e.g., request-based arbitration (ARQ)). HARQ can improve throughput at the medium access control (MAC) layer in poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal-to-noise conditions). In some cases, a device can support same-slot HARQ feedback, where the device can provide HARQ feedback in a specific time slot for data received in a previous time slot. In other cases, the device can provide HARQ feedback in a subsequent time slot or according to some other time gap.

[0171] The wireless communications system 100 can also include one or more satellites 120. The satellites 120 can communicate with base stations 105 and UEs 115 (e.g., user terminals). The satellites 120 can be any suitable type of communications satellite configured to relay communications between different terminal nodes in a wireless communications system. The satellites 120 can be examples of space satellites, balloons, airships, airplanes, drones, unmanned aerial vehicles, etc. In some examples, the satellites 120 can be in a geosynchronous or geostationary Earth orbit, a low Earth orbit, or a medium Earth orbit. The satellites 120 can be multi-beam satellites configured to provide service in a predefined geographic service area for multiple service beam coverage areas. The satellites 120 can be any distance from the Earth’s surface.

[0172] In some cases, a cell can be provided or established by a satellite 120 as part of a non-terrestrial network. In some cases, the satellite 120 can perform the functions of a base station 105. In such cases, the satellite 120 can communicate directly with the Internet without needing to go through a terrestrial base station (e.g., base station 105). In other cases, the satellite 120 can be an example of a repeater for a terrestrial base station. A bent pipe repeater or satellite can be configured to receive signals from a ground station and transmit those signals to a different ground station. In some cases, a bent pipe repeater or satellite can amplify signals or shift from an uplink frequency to a downlink frequency. A regenerative repeater or satellite can perform other functions using on-board processing. Examples of these other functions can include demodulating received signals, decoding received signals, re-encoding signals to be transmitted, or modulating signals to be transmitted, or a combination thereof. For example, a bent pipe satellite (e.g., satellite 120) can receive signals from a base station 105 and can relay the signals to a UE 115 or a base station 105, and vice versa.

[0173] In some examples, satellite 120 can be configured as a single cell with N transmit beams and M frequency ranges (e.g., bandwidth parts). Thus, satellite 120 can use multiple transmit beams and bandwidth parts to serve devices on the ground (e.g., base stations 105 and UEs 115). For example, satellite 120 can select one of its transmit beams to communicate with a UE 115 over a bandwidth part. However, movement of the satellite can cause the transmit beam to fade. In this case, the UE 115 and satellite 120 can engage in beam management to select a new transmit beam for communicating with the UE 115. This beam management can prevent a cell change by enabling intra-satellite handover (e.g., handover between transmit beams of the same satellite).

[0174] In some examples, base stations 105 or satellites 120 can include a communication manager 102 that can manage communications in a non-terrestrial network communication system. For satellite 120, the communication manager 102 can be configured to perform or facilitate the beam management techniques described herein. For example, the communication manager 102 can define a set of resources to transmit reference signals (e.g., CSI-RS) for channel estimation and beam management by UEs 115. In some cases, the CSI-RS can be a non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS. Resources configured to transmit CSI-RS can be referred to herein as reference signal resources, and a combination of reference signal resources can be referred to as a reference signal resource set. In some examples (e.g., in a first type of configuration), the communication manager 102 can define a reference signal resource set that spans multiple bandwidth parts used by satellite 120. In other examples (e.g., in a second type of configuration), the communication manager 102 can define a reference signal resource set for each bandwidth part used by satellite 120.

[0175] UE 115 can include a user terminal communication manager 101 that can manage communications in a non-terrestrial network communication system. For UE 115, the user terminal communication manager 101 can be configured to perform or facilitate the beam management techniques described herein. For example, the user terminal communication manager 101 can determine one or more reference signal resource sets for channel estimation and beam management. After determining the reference signal resource sets, the user terminal communication manager 101 can measure one or more reference signal resources to determine channel state information that a serving satellite 120 can use to select a new transmit beam.

[0176] Although described with reference to non-terrestrial wireless communication networks, the beam management techniques described herein can be implemented by any type of wireless communication network, including terrestrial wireless communication networks.

[0177] FIG. 2An example of a wireless communications system 200 that supports beam management in wireless communications networks is shown, in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, wireless communications system 200 can implement aspects of wireless communications system 100. For example, wireless communications system 200 can include base station 105-a, UE 115-a, UE 115-b, and satellite 120-a, which can be examples of the base stations 105, UEs 115, and satellites 120 described with reference to FIG. 1 Examples of base stations 105, UEs 115, and satellites 120 are described. In some cases, user terminals, UEs, base stations, and / or satellites can be referred to as “devices,” “wireless communication devices,” or “wireless nodes.” Although described with reference to satellites operating in non-terrestrial networks, the beam management techniques described herein can be implemented by terrestrial base stations (e.g., base station 105-a) operating in terrestrial networks.

[0178] Wireless communications system 200 can provide geographic coverage area 110-a through the use of high-altitude vehicles between base station 105-a and UEs 115. Thus, base station 105-a can serve geographic coverage area 110-a with the assistance of, or through, satellite 120-a. In some examples, base station 105-a can not have its own terrestrial geographic coverage area. For example, base station 105-a can communicate with satellite 120-a without directly communicating with any terrestrial user terminals (e.g., UEs 115-a). In some examples, a terrestrial base station (e.g., base station 105-a) can be a gateway (e.g., in which case satellite 120-a itself can act as a base station (i.e., can perform scheduling, radio link control, etc.).

[0179] A non-terrestrial network can not have ground base stations that communicate directly with UEs 115 without relaying communications through a satellite. In some other examples, a non-terrestrial network can be formed by satellites, and there are no ground base stations. In some examples, satellite 120-a can relay communications between base station 105-a and UE 115-a and / or UE 115-b. For example, base station 105-a can communicate with UE 115-a and / or UE 115-b via satellite 120-a, and vice versa. In some examples, for communications originating from base station 105-a and destined for UE 115-a (or UE 115-b), base station 105-a can transmit an uplink transmission 205-a to satellite 120-a. Satellite 120-a can relay uplink transmission 205-a as a downlink transmission 205-b to UE 115-a (or UE 115-b). In other examples, for communications originating from UE 115 and destined for base station 105-a, UE 115 can transmit an uplink transmission 210-a to satellite 120-a. Satellite 120-a can relay uplink transmission 210-a as a downlink transmission 210-b to base station 105-b.

[0180] In some examples, satellite 120-a can provide wireless communication coverage over a large geographic region by using multiple transmit beams. For example, satellite 120-a can use different transmit beams to serve different geographic regions (e.g., provide connectivity to). To illustrate, satellite 120-a can use eight transmit beams (denoted as beams 0 through 7) to serve eight corresponding geographic regions (shown as differently shaded hexagons). A region served by a particular transmit beam can be referred to as a footprint or coverage area of that transmit beam. In the depicted example, UE 115-a can be in the coverage area of transmit beam 1, and thus can receive communications from satellite 120-a through transmit beam 1. Similarly, UE 115-b can be in the coverage area of transmit beam 0, and thus can receive communications from satellite 120-a through transmit beam 0. Collectively, the footprints can be referred to as a footprint arrangement 215.

[0181] In some examples, each transmit beam employed by satellite 120-a can be assigned a respective frequency range (e.g., bandwidth part, set of contiguous frequencies) for data communications such that interference between transmit beams (that can be used concurrently) is reduced. For example, transmit beam 0 can be assigned a first frequency range (e.g., bandwidth part 0) for data communications, transmit beam 1 can be assigned a second frequency range (e.g., bandwidth part 1) for data communications, transmit beam 2 can be assigned a third frequency range (e.g., bandwidth part 2) for data communications, and transmit beam 3 can be assigned a fourth frequency range (e.g., bandwidth part 3) for data communications. Data communications (or transmissions) can refer to communications (or transmissions) that convey user content rather than control content (e.g., content used to manage wireless communications system 200).

[0182] Although each transmit beam is allocated a respective frequency range (e.g., bandwidth part) for data communications, some transmit beams can share a frequency range (e.g., be assigned the same bandwidth part) such that spectral efficiency of wireless communications system 200 is increased. For example, transmit beam 4 can be assigned bandwidth part 0 for data communications, transmit beam 5 can be assigned bandwidth part 1 for data communications, transmit beam 6 can be assigned bandwidth part 2 for data communications, and transmit beam 7 can be assigned bandwidth part 3 for data communications. To avoid interference, transmit beams with non-adjacent coverage areas can share a bandwidth part (e.g., transmit beam 0 can share bandwidth part 0 with transmit beam 4). To facilitate illustration, transmit beams with shared bandwidth parts are displayed with similar shading patterns.

[0183] Although coverage area arrangement 215 is fixed with respect to satellite 120-a, the location of coverage area arrangement 215 can move with respect to UE 115 due to the mobile nature of satellite 120-a. Thus, a transmit beam (e.g., transmit beam 1) that initially provides robust service to UE 115-a can deteriorate (e.g., weaken) over time as the coverage area of the transmit beam moves. Upon detecting the deterioration (e.g., quality decrease) of transmit beam 1, UE 115-a and / or satellite 120 can attempt to determine a better (e.g., higher quality, stronger, etc.) transmit beam that can be used for transmissions to UE 115-a. In some cases, UE 115-a can use synchronization signals (e.g., SSBs) to determine a new transmit beam. But such techniques can be undesirable because processing synchronization signals for beam management can be computationally heavy and the user terminal 115-a can perform unrelated operations such as timing and / or frequency synchronization.

[0184] According to the techniques described herein, satellite 120 and UE 115 can improve beam management efficiency by using reference signals. For example, satellite 120 can use different transmit beams to transmit CSI-RS to UE 115. These CSI-RS can be known signals that, when measured by UE 115, allow UE 115 to estimate the channel, enabling it to transmit channel quality information (e.g., CSI) back to satellite 120. To provide comprehensive beam management, each transmit beam employed by satellite 120 can be associated with a corresponding CSI-RS, and the CSI-RS can be unique for that transmit beam (e.g., to allow for differentiation). Different configurations of the resources used to transmit CSI-RS can provide different improvements, as described below. Although reference CSI-RS are described, the beam management techniques described herein can be implemented using any type of reference signal.

[0185] FIG. 3 Examples of configuration 300 for reference signal resources supporting beam management in a wireless communication network are shown, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure. In some examples, wireless communication system 100 or 200 may use configuration 300. For example, configuration 300 may be defined, determined, and / or used by a satellite and a UE, which may be, as reference... FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 Examples of satellite 120 and UE 115 are described. Configuration 300 can be described with reference to coverage area arrangement 315, where coverage area arrangement 315 can be a reference... FIG. 2 An example of the coverage area arrangement 215 is described. Therefore, each transmit beam associated with configuration 300 can have a corresponding frequency range (e.g., bandwidth portion) assigned to it for data transmission, as shown in coverage area arrangement 315. Signals transmitted using a particular transmit beam can be indicated by a shading pattern corresponding to that transmit beam. Although a reference bandwidth portion is described, configuration 300 can be implemented using frequency ranges other than the bandwidth portion.

[0186] Configuration 300 can be an example of a first-type configuration, where each CSI-RS transmitted using the transmit beam occupies resources in the bandwidth portion allocated to that transmit beam. Specifically, configuration 300 illustrates an example of a first-type configuration where reference signal resource groups 310 are aligned in the time domain (e.g., at least partially overlapping). Therefore, configuration 300 is less complex to implement than other first-type configurations (e.g., configurations 400 and 500). Because the bandwidth portion used for CSI-RS transmitted using the transmit beam is the same as the bandwidth portion assigned to that transmit beam for data transmission, the first-type configuration is less complex to implement for the base station compared to the second-type configurations described herein.

[0187] The configuration 300 can include a set of reference signal resources 305 that span multiple bandwidth parts (e.g., bandwidth part 0 through bandwidth part 3). For example, the configuration 300 can include one or more groups of reference signal resources 310. In the illustrated example, the configuration 300 includes a group of reference signal resources 310-a, a group of reference signal resources 310-b, a group of reference signal resources 310-c, and a group of reference signal resources 310-d. However, other possibilities are contemplated.

[0188] Each group of reference signal resources 310 can include one or more reference signal resources 320 that include time and frequency resources (e.g., resource elements (REs)) for carrying CSI-RSs within a respective bandwidth part. In the illustrated example, the group of reference signal resources 310-a can include two reference signal resources 320 that convey CSI-RS 0 and CSI-RS 4, the group of reference signal resources 310-b can include two reference signal resources 320 that convey CSI-RS 1 and CSI-RS 5, the group of reference signal resources 310-c can include two reference signal resources 320 that convey CSI-RS 2 and CSI-RS 6, and the group of reference signal resources 310-d can include two reference signal resources 320 that convey CSI-RS 3 and CSI-RS 7. Thus, each group of reference signal resources 310 can be associated with a respective bandwidth part.

[0189] Each CSI-RS can be associated with a unique transmit beam, and the different CSI-RSs are distinguished in FIG. 3 by numbers. The transmit beam used to transmit a CSI-RS on each reference signal resource is indicated by the shading pattern of the reference signal resource. For example, transmit beam 0 is used to transmit CSI-RS 0 (indicated by the pattern of CSI-RS 0 that matches the pattern of transmit beam 0), transmit beam 1 is used to transmit CSI-RS 1 (indicated by the pattern of CSI-RS 1 that matches the pattern of transmit beam 1), transmit beam 2 is used to transmit CSI-RS 2 (indicated by the pattern of CSI-RS 2 that matches the pattern of transmit beam 2), and so on. Thus, the depiction of the coverage area arrangement 315 can be used as a legend to indicate the transmit beam used by each reference signal resource to convey a CSI-RS.

[0190] As described above, the reference signal resource groups 310 can be partially or fully aligned in the time domain. Thus, the reference signal resources 320 in each bandwidth part can overlap in the time domain. For example, the reference signal resources used to transmit CSI-RS 0 and CSI-RS 4 (included in reference signal resource group 310-a) can overlap with the reference signal resources used to transmit CSI-RS 3 and CSI-RS 7 (included in reference signal resource group 310-d). Additionally, the reference signal resources 320 included in the reference signal resource groups 310 can overlap in the time domain. For example, the reference signal resources used to transmit CSI-RS 0 can overlap with the reference signal used to transmit CSI-RS 4.

[0191] In some examples, the satellite can use code division multiplexing (CDM) so that the UE can distinguish between CSI-RSs transmitted on the same reference signal resources. Alternatively, the satellite can use FDM so that the UE can distinguish between CSI-RSs transmitted on the same time resources. For example, the satellite can use CDM (e.g., CDM-4, CDM-8) or FDM on CSI-RS 0 and CSI-RS 4 so that the UE can distinguish between the two or more CSI-RSs transmitted on the shared time and / or frequency resources.

[0192] Although eight CSI-RSs are transmitted in four different bandwidth parts during the time period 325, the UE can only be able to receive and measure the CSI-RSs in one bandwidth part per time period 325. For example, during the time period 325, the UE can receive and measure CSI-RS 0 and CSI-RS 4 because they are transmitted on reference signal resources within bandwidth part 0. However, the UE cannot operate on different bandwidth parts at the same time, so the UE cannot receive / measure the other CSI-RSs during the time period 325. Thus, the UE can need four time periods 325 to measure all eight CSI-RSs. By staggering the reference signal resource groups 310 in the time domain (as shown in configuration 400), the UE is able to measure all eight CSI-RSs in a single time period 325.

[0193] FIG. 4 An example of a configuration 400 that supports reference signal resources for beam management in a wireless communications network is shown in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 or 200 can use the configuration 400. For example, the configuration 400 can be defined, determined, and / or used by a satellite and a UE, which can be examples of the satellite 120 and the UE 115 as described with reference to FIG. 1 or 2. The configuration 400 can be described with reference to a coverage zone arrangement 415, which can be an example of the coverage zone arrangement 215 as described with reference to FIG. 2. FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 The configuration 400 can be described with reference to a coverage zone arrangement 415, which can be an example of the coverage zone arrangement 215 as described with reference to FIG. 2. FIG. 2 andFIG. 3 An example of the coverage zone arrangement 215 and 315 is described. Thus, each transmit beam associated with the configuration 400 can have a respective frequency range (e.g., bandwidth part) assigned to it for data transmission, as shown by the coverage zone arrangement 415. Signals transmitted using a particular transmit beam can be indicated by a hatched pattern corresponding to that transmit beam. Although described with reference to bandwidth parts, the configuration 400 can be implemented using frequency ranges other than bandwidth parts.

[0194] The configuration 400 can be an example of a first type of configuration in which each CSI-RS transmitted using a transmit beam occupies resources in the bandwidth part allocated to that transmit beam. In particular, the configuration 400 shows an example of a first type of configuration in which the reference signal resource groups 410 are staggered in the time domain. Thus, the configuration 400 can be more efficient relative to other configurations of the first type (e.g., the configuration 300). Because the bandwidth part used for the CSI-RS is the same as the bandwidth part assigned to the transmit beam for data transmission, the first type of configuration can be relatively simple for a base station to implement compared to the second type of configuration described herein.

[0195] The configuration 400 can be similar to the configuration 300. Thus, the configuration 400 can include the reference signal resource set 405, which includes the plurality of reference signal resource groups 410. However, unlike the reference signal resource groups 310 in the configuration 300, the reference signal resource groups 410 in the configuration 400 can be staggered in the time domain. For example, there can be a threshold duration (e.g., Tgap) between the trailing reference signal resources in a reference signal resource group 410 (e.g., the reference signal resource group 410-b) and the leading reference signal resources in a subsequent reference signal resource group (e.g., the reference signal resource group 410-a). The threshold duration can be long enough to allow the UE to switch between bandwidth parts (e.g., tune its radio components to a different bandwidth part). Thus, the configuration 400 can allow the UE to receive and measure all eight CSI-RS in a single period 425.

[0196] In some examples, the satellite can time-division multiplex the reference signals associated with the reference signal resource groups 410 so that the UE can distinguish between them. In such examples, the reference signal resources of the reference signal resource groups 410 can occur on the same frequency at different times. In other examples, the satellite can use CDM or FDM to distinguish between the reference signals in the reference signal resource groups.

[0197] Although configuration 400 allows the UE to receive and measure all eight CSI-RSs in a single period 425, in some cases, the duration of period 425 can be reduced by taking into account the spatial relationship between the coverage zones in coverage zone arrangement 415. Configuration 500 illustrates a configuration that leverages the spatial relationship to improve the efficiency of the beam management procedure.

[0198] FIG. 5 Configuration 500 illustrates an example of a configuration of reference signal resources that support beam management in a wireless communications network according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, wireless communications system 100 or 200 can use configuration 500. For example, configuration 500 can be defined, determined, and / or used by a satellite and a UE, which can be examples of satellite 120 and UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1-3. Configuration 500 can be described with reference to coverage zone arrangement 515, which can be an example of coverage zone arrangements 215, 315, and 415 as described with reference to FIGs. 2-3. Thus, each transmit beam associated with configuration 500 can have a respective frequency range (e.g., bandwidth part) assigned to it for data transmission, as illustrated by coverage zone arrangement 515. Signals transmitted using a particular transmit beam can be indicated by the hatched pattern corresponding to that transmit beam. Although described with reference to bandwidth parts, configuration 500 can be implemented using frequency ranges other than bandwidth parts. FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 Thus, each transmit beam associated with configuration 500 can have a respective frequency range (e.g., bandwidth part) assigned to it for data transmission, as illustrated by coverage zone arrangement 515. Signals transmitted using a particular transmit beam can be indicated by the hatched pattern corresponding to that transmit beam. Although described with reference to bandwidth parts, configuration 500 can be implemented using frequency ranges other than bandwidth parts. FIGS. 2-4

[0199] Thus, each transmit beam associated with configuration 500 can have a respective frequency range (e.g., bandwidth part) assigned to it for data transmission, as illustrated by coverage zone arrangement 515. Signals transmitted using a particular transmit beam can be indicated by the hatched pattern corresponding to that transmit beam. Although described with reference to bandwidth parts, configuration 500 can be implemented using frequency ranges other than bandwidth parts.

[0200] ​Configuration 500 can be similar to configuration 400. Thus, configuration 500 can include a set of reference signal resources 505 that includes multiple groups of reference signal resources 510. However, unlike the groups of reference signal resources 410 in configuration 400, some of the groups of reference signal resources 510 in configuration 500 can overlap in the time domain, while others can be staggered in the time domain. For example, group of reference signal resources 510-d can overlap in time with group of reference signal resources 510-a. This overlap is permissible because the UE is unlikely to need to measure both CSI-RS 0 and CSI-RS 3 due to the spatial relationship between transmit beam 0 and transmit beam 3. That is, because the coverage area of transmit beam 3 is spatially separated from the coverage area of transmit beam 0, a UE in or near the coverage area of transmit beam 0 is unlikely to receive transmit beam 3. Similar reasoning applies to CSI-RS 4 and CSI-RS 7. Because two groups of reference signal resources 510 are aligned in the time domain, the duration of time period 525 can be reduced relative to the duration of time period 425. Thus, configuration 500 can be more efficient compared to configuration 400.

[0201] Although group of reference signal resources 510-a and group of reference signal resources 510-d are aligned in the time domain, other groups of reference signal resources 510 can be staggered in the time domain. For example, there can be a threshold duration (e.g., Tgap) between group of reference signal resources 510-a and group of reference signal resources 510-b. Similarly, there can be a threshold duration between group of reference signal resources 510-b and group of reference signal resources 510-d. This threshold duration can allow the UE to perform frequency tuning (e.g., switch its radio between bandwidth parts).

[0202] FIG. 6 An example of a process flow 600 that supports beam management in wireless communications networks is shown, in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, process flow 600 can implement aspects of wireless communications system 100 or 200. For example, process flow 600 can be implemented by devices 601 and 602, which can be examples of satellites, base stations, or UEs described herein. Process flow 600 can be an example of a beam management process using a first type of configuration (e.g., configurations 300, 400, or 500).

[0203] Alternative examples of the following can be implemented, where some operations are performed in a different order than described or not performed at all. In some cases, operations can include other features not mentioned below, or more operations can be added.

[0204] At 605, device 601 can identify a number of transmit beams used by the device 601. The device 601 can also determine a frequency range (e.g., a bandwidth part) assigned to each transmit beam for data transmission. At 610, device 602 can identify the number of transmit beams used by device 601. The device 602 can also determine a frequency range (e.g., a bandwidth part) assigned to each transmit beam for data transmission.

[0205] At 615, device 601 can determine one or more configurations of reference signal resources to be used for different beam management modes (e.g., different modes of channel estimation for transmit beams). For example, device 601 can determine a first type of configuration (e.g., configuration 300, 400, or 500) and / or a second type of configuration (e.g., configuration 700-a or 700-b). The first type of configuration can be associated with a first mode of estimating transmit beams, and the second type of configuration can be associated with a second mode of estimating transmit beams.

[0206] At 620, device 602 can transmit an indication of one or more capabilities of device 602, and device 601 can receive the indication of one or more capabilities of device 602. In some cases, the capability can be a power capability. For example, device 602 can indicate whether device 602 is a low power device (e.g., an Internet of Things (IoT) device) or a high power device (e.g., a UE or a base station).

[0207] In some cases, device 601 and device 602 can support multiple modes of estimating transmit beams (e.g., device 601 and device 602 can support multiple configurations of reference signal resources). Accordingly, at 625, device 601 can select a mode of estimating transmit beams and a related configuration of reference signal resources (e.g., a set of reference signal resources). In some examples, device 601 can select the mode of estimating transmit beams based on one or more capabilities of device 602. For example, device 601 can select a first mode of estimating transmit beams based on device 602 being a high power device, as the configuration associated with the first mode (e.g., configuration 300, 400, or 500) requires device 601 to switch between frequency ranges (e.g., bandwidth parts) to receive CSI-RS, which is a power consuming process.

[0208] At 630, device 601 can transmit an indication of the selected mode and / or configuration to device 602. The indication of the selected mode and / or configuration can be transmitted via physical layer signaling (e.g., as a cell-specific configuration in a system information block (SIB) message or a UE-specific configuration in a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH)) or via radio resource control (RRC) signaling (e.g., in an RRC message). In some cases, device 601 can also transmit an indication of one or more unselected configurations so that device 602 can store them for future reference. At 635, device 602 can determine the mode and / or configuration selected by device 601 based on the indication received at 630 (e.g., device 602 can determine the set of reference signal resources). In some cases, device 602 can also determine one or more other configurations based on the indication received at 630. In some examples, device 601 can dynamically switch between modes / configurations (e.g., based on UE capabilities, satellite resources, etc.). In such cases, device 601 can indicate the new mode and / or configuration via SIB, PDCCH, or RRC signaling.

[0209] At 640, in some examples, device 601 can determine a spatial relationship between the coverage areas (e.g., footprints) of two or more transmit beams. For example, device 601 can determine which transmit beams have adjacent coverage areas and which transmit beams have spatially separated coverage areas. Using footprint arrangement 215 as an example, device 601 can determine that the coverage area of transmit beam 0 is adjacent to the coverage areas of transmit beam 1 and transmit beam 2. In some examples, device 601 can use one or more vectors to represent the spatial relationship between the coverage areas. Table 1 illustrates an example of vectors representing the spatial relationship between the coverage areas of transmit beams. In Table 1, 1 indicates that the coverage areas of two transmit beams are adjacent, and 0 indicates that the coverage areas are not adjacent. Thus, device 601 can determine a spatial relationship vector for each transmit beam.

[0210] Table 1

[0211] Tx beam 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 3 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 4 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 5 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0

[0212] At 645, device 601 can transmit an indication of the spatial relationship of the coverage areas of one or more transmit beams to device 602. In some examples, 602 can transmit a spatial relationship vector for each transmit beam.

[0213] At 650, the device 602 can determine the spatial relationship of one or more transmit beams. The device 602 can determine the spatial relationship of transmit beams so that the efficiency of beam management can be improved. For example, the device 602 can refrain from receiving / measuring the CSI-RS associated with transmit beams whose coverage areas are too far away from the coverage area of the transmit beam currently serving the device 602 to be good candidates for the device 602. For example, with reference to the coverage area arrangement 515 and the configuration 500, the device 602 can choose not to receive / measures the CSI-RS 3 because the coverage area of the transmit beam 3 is far away from the coverage area of the transmit beam currently serving the device 602 (e.g., transmit beam 0). Thus, the device 602 can save processing resources and reduce latency by measuring only certain CSI-RS (as compared to measuring all CSI-RS without selection).

[0214] In some examples, the device 602 can determine the spatial relationship based on an explicit indication from the device 601. For example, the device 602 can determine the spatial relationship of the coverage areas of the transmit beams based on a spatial relationship vector received from the device 601. Alternatively, the device 602 can determine the spatial relationship based on the temporal overlap of the CSI-RS. If two CSI-RSs overlap in time domain, the device 602 can infer that the transmit beams for those CSI-RSs do not have adjacent coverage areas. For example, with reference to the configuration 500, the device 602 can infer that the coverage areas of the transmit beams 0 and 3 are not adjacent because the CSI-RS 0 and the CSI-RS 3 are aligned in time domain. If two CSI-RSs are separated in time domain, the device 602 can infer that the transmit beams for those CSI-RSs have adjacent coverage areas. For example, with reference to the configuration 500, the device 602 can infer that the coverage areas of the transmit beams 2 and 5 are adjacent because the CSI-RS 2 and the CSI-RS 5 are separated in time domain.

[0215] At 655, the device 601 can multiplex two or more CSI-RSs for transmission over a shared resource. For example, the device 601 can apply code division multiplexing, time division multiplexing, or frequency division multiplexing to the multiple CSI-RSs. In some cases, applying code division multiplexing involves multiplying the respective CSI-RSs with orthogonal sequences by the antenna ports of the first transmit beam and the antenna ports of the second transmit beam before transmitting the CSI-RSs over the same resource.

[0216] At 660, the device 601 can transmit the one or more CSI-RSs on the one or more reference signal resources. The device 601 can transmit the CSI-RSs as shown in the configurations 300, 400, or 500. At 665, the device 602 can receive and measure the one or more CSI-RSs based on the configuration and pattern determined at 635. At 670, the device 602 can transmit channel state information for the one or more transmit beams to the device 601. At 675, the device 601 can select a transmit beam for communicating with the device 602 based on the channel state information. In some examples, the transmit beam is different from the transmit beam used to communicate with the device 602 at 630 or 645. At 680, the device 601 can transmit an indication of the transmit beam selected at 675 to the device 602. At 685, the device 601 can transmit data to the device 602 using the transmit beam selected at 675. Thus, the device 601 and the device 602 can perform beam management using the configurations 300, 400, or 500.

[0217] FIG. 7A FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a configuration 700-a of reference signal resources that support beam management in wireless communications, in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, a wireless communications system 100 or 200 can use the configuration 700-a. For example, the configuration 700-a can be defined, determined, and / or used by a satellite and a UE, which can be examples of the satellite 120 and the UE 115 as described with reference to FIGs. 1-6. The configuration 700-a can be described with reference to the coverage zone arrangement 715, which can be an example of the coverage zone arrangement 215 described with reference to FIGs. 1-6. Thus, each transmit beam associated with the configuration 700-a can have a respective frequency range (e.g., a bandwidth part) assigned to it for data transmission, as shown in the coverage zone arrangement 715. Signals transmitted using a particular transmit beam can be indicated by the shaded pattern corresponding to that transmit beam. Although described with reference to bandwidth parts, the configuration 700-a can be implemented using frequency ranges other than bandwidth parts. FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 The configuration 700-a can be described with reference to the coverage zone arrangement 715, which can be an example of the coverage zone arrangement 215 described with reference to FIGs. 1-6. Thus, each transmit beam associated with the configuration 700-a can have a respective frequency range (e.g., a bandwidth part) assigned to it for data transmission, as shown in the coverage zone arrangement 715. Signals transmitted using a particular transmit beam can be indicated by the shaded pattern corresponding to that transmit beam. Although described with reference to bandwidth parts, the configuration 700-a can be implemented using frequency ranges other than bandwidth parts. FIG. 2 The configuration 700-a can be described with reference to the coverage zone arrangement 715, which can be an example of the coverage zone arrangement 215 described with reference to FIGs. 1-6. Thus, each transmit beam associated with the configuration 700-a can have a respective frequency range (e.g., a bandwidth part) assigned to it for data transmission, as shown in the coverage zone arrangement 715. Signals transmitted using a particular transmit beam can be indicated by the shaded pattern corresponding to that transmit beam. Although described with reference to bandwidth parts, the configuration 700-a can be implemented using frequency ranges other than bandwidth parts.

[0218] The configuration 700-a can be described with reference to the coverage zone arrangement 715, which can be an example of the coverage zone arrangement 215 described with reference to FIGs. 1-6. Thus, each transmit beam associated with the configuration 700-a can have a respective frequency range (e.g., a bandwidth part) assigned to it for data transmission, as shown in the coverage zone arrangement 715. Signals transmitted using a particular transmit beam can be indicated by the shaded pattern corresponding to that transmit beam. Although described with reference to bandwidth parts, the configuration 700-a can be implemented using frequency ranges other than bandwidth parts.

[0219] The set of reference signal resources 705 can include a plurality of sets of groups 745, and each set of groups 745 can include a plurality of groups of reference signal resources 710 (e.g., groups of reference signal resources 710-a through 710-h), each associated with a respective bandwidth part (e.g., bandwidth part 0 through bandwidth part 3). A group of reference signal resources 710 can include a plurality of reference signal resources 720 within the bandwidth part associated with the group of reference signal resources 710. Each reference signal resource 720 can carry a CSI-RS. In FIG. 7A The transmission beams for the CSI-RS are indicated in FIG. 7A by the shaded pattern representing the blocks of reference signal resources 720. To provide comprehensive beam management, the set of groups 745-a can occur in the same time period (e.g., frame, subframe, slot, etc.) as the set of groups 745-b. To allow for differentiation between the CSI-RS, the satellite implementing the configuration 700-a can apply multiplexing techniques such as CDM, TDM, or FDM.

[0220] As noted above, each transmission beam can be assigned a respective bandwidth part for data transmission. For example, as shown by the coverage area arrangement 715, transmission beam 0 can be assigned bandwidth part 0 for data transmission. But transmitting the CSI-RS on the bandwidth part assigned to one transmission beam for data transmission (as done by the configurations 300, 400, and 500) can increase the burden on a receiving device (e.g., a UE) because the receiving device must switch between bandwidth parts to receive the CSI-RS for different transmission beams. To avoid increasing the UE burden in this way, the satellite can implement the configuration 700-a (e.g., the satellite can switch from the bandwidth part assigned for data communication for a beam to the bandwidth part assigned for data communication for the UE to transmit the CSI-RS).

[0221] In the configuration 700-a, the CSI-RS occupying the reference signal resources in a group of reference signal resources 710 associated with a particular bandwidth part can be transmitted using a transmission beam assigned a different bandwidth part for data transmission. In this way, a UE receiving data communication on a bandwidth part can monitor the bandwidth part for CSI-RS associated with different transmission beams (and thus avoid switching to a different bandwidth part).

[0222] For example, consider reference signal resource group 710-a associated with bandwidth part 0. While bandwidth part 1 and bandwidth part 2 are respectively assigned to transmit beam 1 or transmit beam 2 for data communication, transmit beam 1 and transmit beam 2 can transmit respective CSI-RSs on the reference signal resources included in bandwidth part 0. That is, transmit beam 1 can be used to transmit a CSI-RS on bandwidth part 0 (even though bandwidth part 1 is assigned to transmit beam 1 for data communication), and transmit beam 2 can be used to transmit a CSI-RS on bandwidth part 0 (even though bandwidth part 2 is assigned to transmit beam 2 for data communication). Transmit beam 1 and transmit beam 2 can be selected for transmitting a CSI-RS on bandwidth part 0 because they have coverage areas that are adjacent to the coverage area of transmit beam 0, which is assigned bandwidth part 0 for data communication. Thus, the most likely candidate transmit beams for a UE currently being served by transmit beam 0, can transmit a CSI-RS on the bandwidth part assigned to transmit beam 0 for data communication.

[0223] As another example, consider reference signal resource group 710-f associated with bandwidth part 1. Transmit beams used to transmit a CSI-RS on the reference signal resources in reference signal resource group 710-f can include transmit beam 2, transmit beam 3, transmit beam 4, transmit beam 6, and transmit beam 7 because these transmit beams have coverage areas that are adjacent to the coverage area of transmit beam 5, which is assigned bandwidth part 1 for data communication. Thus, a UE receiving data communication on bandwidth part 1 can receive / measure the CSI-RSs of candidate transmit beams without having to tune its radio to a different bandwidth part.

[0224] In some examples, a satellite can be configured to operate a transmit beam on only one bandwidth part at a time. In this case, when a transmit beam assigned to one bandwidth part is used to transmit a CSI-RS on a different bandwidth part, the satellite can interrupt data transmission on that bandwidth part. This interruption can be referred to as rate matching, and the resources that have been rate matched (e.g., rate matching region 730) are depicted as blank rectangles in FIG. 7A For example, when transmit beam 1 is used to transmit a CSI-RS on bandwidth part 0, a rate matching region occurs on bandwidth part 1. Similarly, when transmit beam 2 is used to transmit a CSI-RS on bandwidth part 0, a rate matching region occurs on bandwidth part 2, and so on. In some examples, due to the latency of switching between bandwidth parts, the rate matching region resulting from the transmission of a CSI-RS can be wider (e.g., longer in duration) than the reference signal resources conveying the CSI-RS.

[0225] FIG. 7BAn example of a configuration 700-b that supports the configuration of reference signal resources for beam management in a wireless communications network is shown in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 or 200 can use the configuration 700-b. For example, the configuration 700-b can be defined, determined, and / or used by a satellite and a UE, which can be examples of the satellite 120 and the UE 115 as described with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 The configuration 700-b can be described with reference to the coverage zone arrangement 715, which can be an example of the coverage zone arrangement 215 described with reference to FIG. 2 Thus, each transmission beam associated with the configuration 700-b can have a respective bandwidth portion assigned to it for data transmission, as shown by the coverage zone arrangement 715. Signals transmitted using a particular transmission beam can be indicated by the shaded pattern corresponding to that transmission beam. Unless otherwise described, aspects of the configuration 700-b can be the same as corresponding aspects of the configuration 700-a.

[0226] The configuration 700-b can be an example of a second type of configuration in which each CSI-RS occupies resources in a different bandwidth portion than the bandwidth portion assigned to the transmission beam for that CSI-RS. In particular, the configuration 700-b shows an example of a second type of configuration in which the set of reference signal resources 705 is associated with a single bandwidth portion. Compared to the first type of configuration, the configuration 700-a can reduce power consumption of the UE (and reduce beam management latency) because it allows the UE to avoid switching bandwidth portions.

[0227] In one example, the configuration 700-b can include eight sets of reference signal resources (e.g., the set of reference signal resources 725-a through the set of reference signal resources 725-h), each associated with a respective bandwidth portion. Thus, a set of reference signal resources 725 can include reference signal resources within a particular bandwidth portion. In other words, one set of reference signal resources can include reference signal resources from different transmission beams in a common frequency range or bandwidth portion, and each reference signal resource can be used by a different transmission beam. In such an example, CDM can be done independently between antenna ports of each transmission beam.

[0228] In a second example, the configuration 700-b can include sets of reference signal resources, each consisting of a single reference signal resource (e.g., the set of reference signal resources 735). In such an example, the single reference signal resource can be shared by multiple transmission beams, and different subsets of CDM codes can be assigned to different transmission beams. Further, each subset of CDM codes can be assigned to different antenna ports in the respective transmission beam.

[0229] FIG. 8 An example of a process flow 800 that supports beam management in wireless communications networks is shown, in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, process flow 800 can implement aspects of wireless communications system 100 or 200. For example, process flow 800 can be implemented by device 801, device 802, and device 803, which can be examples of satellites, base stations, or UEs described herein. Process flow 800 can be an example of a beam management process using a second type of configuration (e.g., configuration 700-a or 700-b).

[0230] Alternative examples of the following can be implemented, where some operations are performed in a different order than described or not performed at all. In some cases, operations can include other features not mentioned below, or more operations can be added.

[0231] At 805, device 801 can identify a number of transmit beams that device 801 is using. Device 801 can also determine a frequency range (e.g., a bandwidth part) assigned to each transmit beam for data transmission. At 810, device 803 can identify a number of transmit beams that device 801 is using. Device 803 can also determine a frequency range (e.g., a bandwidth part) assigned to each transmit beam for data transmission.

[0232] At 815, device 801 can transmit data to device 802. The data can be transmitted on a first frequency range (e.g., a first bandwidth part) using a first transmit beam assigned the first frequency range for data communication. Other data transmissions to device 802 on the first frequency range (e.g., the first bandwidth part) can occur after 815 and can be represented using a shaded background. At 820, device 803 can transmit an indication of device capabilities (e.g., UE capabilities) to device 801. At 825, device 801 can determine one or more configurations of reference signal resources to use for different beam management modes (e.g., different modes of channel estimation for transmit beams). For example, device 601 can determine a first type of configuration (e.g., configuration 300, 400, or 500) and / or a second type of configuration (e.g., configuration 700-a or 700-b). The first type of configuration can be associated with a first mode of estimating transmit beams, and the second type of configuration can be associated with a second mode of estimating transmit beams.

[0233] At 830, device 801 can select a mode of estimating transmit beams and a related configuration of reference signal resources (e.g., a set of reference signal resources). In some examples, device 801 can select a mode of estimating transmit beams based on one or more capabilities of device 803. For example, device 801 can select a second mode of estimating transmit beams based on device 803 being a low power device, as the configuration associated with the second mode (e.g., configuration 700-a or 700-b) does not require device 803 to switch between frequency ranges (e.g., bandwidth parts) to receive CSI-RS.

[0234] At 835, device 801 can transmit an indication of the selected mode and / or configuration to device 803. The indication of the selected mode and / or configuration can be conveyed via physical layer signaling (e.g., as a cell-specific configuration in a SIB message or a UE-specific configuration in a PDCCH) or via RRC signaling (e.g., in an RRC message). In some cases, device 801 can also transmit an indication of one or more unselected configurations so that device 803 can store them for future reference. At 840, device 803 can determine the mode and / or configuration selected by device 801 based on the indication received at 835 (e.g., device 803 can determine a set of reference signal resources). In some cases, device 803 can also determine one or more other configurations based on the indication received at 835. In some examples, device 801 can dynamically switch between modes / configurations (e.g., based on UE capabilities, satellite resources, etc.). In such cases, device 601 can indicate the new mode and / or configuration via SIB, PDCCH, or RRC signaling.

[0235] At 845, when device 801 transmits CSI-RS using a first transmit beam on a second frequency range (e.g., a second bandwidth part), device 801 can predict (e.g., determine) that a data communication on a first frequency range (e.g., a first bandwidth part) will be interrupted. Accordingly, device 801 can determine a rate matching region 730 as described with reference to FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B At 850, device 801 can transmit an indication of the upcoming interruption to device 802. In some cases, the indication can include a start time, a duration, and / or an end time of the interruption 860. The interruption 860 can refer to a stoppage (e.g., zeroing out of downlink throughput) of data communication on the first frequency range (e.g., the first bandwidth part). In some examples, the interruption 860 can start before the CSI-RS is transmitted at 865 and can end after the CSI-RS is transmitted (e.g., due to latency associated with switching between frequency ranges).

[0236] At 855, the device 801 can multiplex the two or more CSI-RSs for transmission on the shared resource. For example, the device 801 can apply code division multiplexing, time division multiplexing, or frequency division multiplexing to the multiple CSI-RSs. In some cases, applying code division multiplexing includes the antenna ports of the first transmit beam and the antenna ports of the second transmit beam each multiplying their respective CSI-RSs with an orthogonal sequence before transmitting the CSI-RSs over the same resource.

[0237] At 865, the device 801 can transmit the one or more CSI-RSs on the one or more reference signal resources. The device 601 can transmit the CSI-RSs as shown in the configurations 300, 400, or 500. In some examples, transmitting the CSI-RSs includes transmitting the CSI-RSs using the first transmit beam on a second frequency range (e.g., a second bandwidth part). At 870, the device 801 can resume data communications using the first transmit beam on the first frequency range (e.g., a first bandwidth part). At 875, the device 803 can receive and measure the one or more CSI-RSs based on the configuration and pattern determined at 840. At 880, the device 803 can transmit channel state information for the one or more transmit beams to the device 801. The channel state information can be determined based on the measurements made at 875.

[0238] At 885, the device 801 can select a transmit beam for communicating with the device 803 based on the channel state information. In some examples, the transmit beam is different from the transmit beam used to communicate with the device 803 at 835. At 890, the device 801 can transmit an indication of the transmit beam selected at 885 to the device 803. At 895, the device 801 can transmit data to the device 803 using the transmit beam selected at 885. Thus, the device 801 and the device 803 can perform beam management using the configuration 700-a or the configuration 700-b.

[0239] FIG. 9 An example of a configuration 900 that supports beam management for reference signal resources in a wireless communications network is shown, in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the configuration 900 can be used by the wireless communications system 100 or 200. For example, the configuration 900 can be defined, determined, and / or used by a satellite and a UE, which can be examples of the satellite 120 and the UE 115 as described with reference to FIG. 1 or FIG. 2. A satellite using the configuration 900 can simultaneously transmit CSI-RSs with synchronization signals. In some examples, aspects of the configuration 900 can be combined with aspects of the configuration 700-a and / or the configuration 700-b. The configuration 900 can be described with reference to the footprint arrangement 915, which can be the footprint arrangement 915 described with reference to FIG. 1 or FIG. 2. FIG. 1 And FIG. 2 An example of a configuration 900 that supports beam management for reference signal resources in a wireless communications network is shown, in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the configuration 900 can be used by the wireless communications system 100 or 200. For example, the configuration 900 can be defined, determined, and / or used by a satellite and a UE, which can be examples of the satellite 120 and the UE 115 as described with reference to FIG. 1 or FIG. 2. A satellite using the configuration 900 can simultaneously transmit CSI-RSs with synchronization signals. In some examples, aspects of the configuration 900 can be combined with aspects of the configuration 700-a and / or the configuration 700-b. The configuration 900 can be described with reference to the footprint arrangement 915, which can be the footprint arrangement 915 described with reference to FIG. 1 or FIG. 2.FIG. 2 An example of the coverage zone arrangement 915 is depicted. Thus, each transmit beam can have a respective frequency range (e.g., bandwidth part) assigned to it for data transmission, as shown in the coverage zone arrangement 915. Signals transmitted using a particular transmit beam can be indicated by a shaded pattern corresponding to that transmit beam. Although described with reference to bandwidth parts, the configuration 900 can be implemented using frequency ranges other than bandwidth parts.

[0240] A satellite can transmit synchronization signals to support initial access to a wireless network, such as a non-terrestrial network (NTN) (e.g., the satellite can transmit SSBs so that devices can synchronize time and frequency with the satellite). In some examples, the satellite can transmit a respective synchronization signal using each transmit beam operating at the satellite. Although a bandwidth part is assigned to each transmit beam for data transmission, the satellite can transmit the synchronization signals on a single known bandwidth part (e.g., bandwidth part 0) to ensure that new devices in the network are able to discover the synchronization signals.

[0241] For example, although bandwidth part 1 is assigned to transmit beam 1 for data transmission, the satellite can transmit a synchronization signal using transmit beam 1 on bandwidth part 0. Similarly, the satellite can transmit a synchronization signal using transmit beam 2 on bandwidth part 0. Such a transmission scheme can result in rate matching regions 910-a and 910-b. If the satellite later transmits CSI-RS 1 and CSI-RS 2 on bandwidth part 0, the rate matching regions 910 can be extended (e.g., longer in duration). For example, the rate matching region 910-a can extend to a duration 920-a and the rate matching region 915-b can extend to a duration 920-b. Thus, data communication on bandwidth part 1 and bandwidth part 2 can be extended, which can degrade system performance.

[0242] To reduce the duration of the rate matching regions 910, the satellite can use the configuration 900. The configuration 900 can include multiple reference signal resources 905 that are aligned in time with resources used to transmit synchronization signals. For example, the configuration 900 can include reference signal resource 905-a and reference signal resource 905-b. Thus, the satellite can transmit CSI-RS 1 using transmit beam 1 on reference signal resource 905-a while the satellite transmits an SSB using transmit beam 1 on the coinciding resources. Similarly, the satellite can transmit CSI-RS 2 using transmit beam 1 on reference signal resource 905-b while the satellite transmits an SSB using transmit beam 2 on the coinciding resources.

[0243] FIG. 10An example of a process flow 1000 that supports beam management in wireless communications networks is shown, in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, process flow 1000 can implement aspects of wireless communications system 100 or 200. For example, process flow 1000 can be implemented by devices 1001, 1002, and 1003, which can be examples of satellites, base stations, or UEs described herein. Process flow 1000 can be an example of a beam management process using configuration 900.

[0244] Alternative examples of the following can be implemented, in which some operations are performed in a different order than described or not performed at all. In some cases, operations can include other features not mentioned below, or more operations can be added.

[0245] At 1005, device 1001 can identify a number of transmit beams that device 1001 is using. Device 1001 can also determine a frequency range (e.g., a bandwidth part) assigned to each transmit beam for data transmission. At 1010, device 1003 can identify a number of transmit beams that device 1001 is using. Device 1003 can also determine a frequency range (e.g., a bandwidth part) assigned to each transmit beam for data transmission.

[0246] At 1015, device 1001 can transmit data to device 1002 using a first transmit beam on a first frequency range (e.g., bandwidth part 1) (e.g., device 1001 can start data communication with device 1002 using transmit beam 1). Other data transmissions to device 1002 can occur on the first frequency range (e.g., bandwidth part 1) after 1015, and they can be represented using a shaded background.

[0247] At 1020, device 1001 can select a mode of estimating transmit beams and a related configuration of reference signal resources. In the given example, device 1001 can select configuration 900 and the mode associated with configuration 900. At 1025, device 1001 can transmit an indication of the selected mode and / or configuration to device 1003. The indication of the selected mode and / or configuration can be conveyed via physical layer signaling (e.g., as a cell-specific configuration in a SIB message or a UE-specific configuration in a PDCCH) or via RRC signaling (e.g., in an RRC message). In some cases, device 1001 can also transmit an indication of one or more unselected configurations so that device 1003 can store them for future reference. At 1030, device 1003 can determine the mode and / or configuration selected by device 1001 based on the indication received at 1025. In some cases, device 1003 can also determine one or more other configurations based on the indication received at 1025.

[0248] At 1035, while the device 1001 transmits the CSI-RS on the second frequency range (e.g., bandwidth part 0) using the first transmit beam, the data communication on the first frequency range (e.g., bandwidth part 1) is interrupted. Thus, the device 1001 can determine the rate matching region 910 as described with reference to FIG. 9 At 1040, the device 1001 can transmit, to the device 1003, an indication of the upcoming interruption. In some cases, the indication can include a start time, a duration, and / or an end time of the interruption 1045. The interruption 1045 can refer to a stop (e.g., zeroing out of downlink throughput) of data communication on the first frequency range (e.g., bandwidth part 1). In some examples, the interruption 1045 can start before the CSI-RS is transmitted at 1040 and can end after the CSI-RS is transmitted (e.g., due to latency associated with switching between frequency ranges).

[0249] At 1050, the device 1001 can transmit, using the first transmit beam, the synchronization signal and the CSI-RS on the second frequency range (e.g., bandwidth part 0). In other words, when transmit beam 1 switches frequency ranges to transmit the SSB, transmit beam 1 can simultaneously transmit the CSI-RS. Thus, the device 1001 can transmit the CSI-RS as shown in the configuration 900. At 1055, the device 1001 can resume data communication on the first frequency range (e.g., bandwidth part 1) using the first transmit beam. In some examples, the operations between 1035 and 1055 can be repeated for different transmit beams.

[0250] At 1060, the device 1003 can receive and measure the one or more CSI-RS based on the configuration and the pattern determined at 1030. At 1065, the device 1003 can transmit, to the device 1001, channel state information for one or more transmit beams. The channel state information can be determined based on the measurements made at 1060. At 1070, the device 1001 can select a transmit beam for communicating with the device 1003 based on the channel state information. In some examples, the transmit beam is different from the transmit beam used to communicate with the device 1003 at 1025. At 1075, the device 1001 can transmit, to the device 1003, an indication of the transmit beam selected at 1070. At 1080, the device 1001 can transmit data to the device 1003 using the transmit beam selected at 1070. Thus, the device 1001 and the device 1003 can perform beam management using the configuration 900.

[0251] Although described separately, the operations and aspects of process flows described herein can be added to, subtracted from, or interchanged from those of other process flows described herein.

[0252] FIG. 11 A block diagram 1100 of a device 1105 that supports beam management in wireless communications networks is shown, in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1105 can be an example of aspects of a UE 115 as described herein. The device 1105 can include a receiver 1110, a communications manager 1115, and a transmitter 1120. The device 1105 can also include a processor. Each of these components can be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0253] The receiver 1110 can receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beam management in wireless communications networks, etc.). Information can be passed on to other components of the device 1105. The receiver 1110 can be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1420 described with reference to FIG. 1. The receiver 1110 can utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas. FIG. 14 The receiver 1110 can receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beam management in wireless communications networks, etc.). Information can be passed on to other components of the device 1105. The receiver 1110 can be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1420 described with reference to FIG. 1. The receiver 1110 can utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0254] In a first example (e.g., when the wireless communications system implements configuration 300, 400, 500, or 700-a), the communications manager 1115 can receive an indication of a set of reference signal resources for estimating one or more of a plurality of transmit beams of a wireless node in communication with the UE, the plurality of transmit beams being associated with a plurality of frequency ranges for communicating with the UE such that at least some of the plurality of transmit beams are associated with different ones of the plurality of frequency ranges, and receive at least one reference signal based at least in part on the indication of the set of reference signal resources, the set of reference signal resources including a plurality of groups of reference signal resources, each group of reference signal resources including one or more reference signal resources, each of the plurality of groups of reference signal resources being associated with a respective frequency range and at least one transmit beam.

[0255] In a second example (e.g., when the wireless communication system implements configuration 700-b), the communication manager 1115 can receive an indication of a plurality of sets of reference signal resources for estimating a plurality of transmit beams of a wireless node in communication with the UE, the plurality of transmit beams for communicating with the UE over one or more frequency ranges, and receive at least one reference signal based at least in part on the indication of the plurality of sets of reference signal resources, the indication indicating, for each frequency range, a respective set of reference signal resources for estimating a different subset of the plurality of transmit beams associated with the frequency range, the set of reference signal resources including a plurality of reference signal resources, each reference signal resource within the frequency range and each reference signal resource associated with at least one transmit beam of the subset of transmit beams.

[0256] The communication manager 1115 can be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1410 as described herein. The communication manager 1115 can be an example of means for performing various aspects of managing beams as described herein. The communication manager 1115, or its sub-components, can be implemented by hardware (e.g., in communication management circuitry). The circuitry can comprise a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein.

[0257] In another implementation, the communication manager 1115, or its sub-components, can be implemented using code (e.g., as communication management software or firmware) executed by a processor, or any combination thereof. When implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the communication manager 1115, or its sub-components, can be executed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, an FPGA or other programmable logic device.

[0258] In some examples, the communication manager 1115 can be configured to use or otherwise implement the receiver 1110, the transmitter 1120, or both, to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, determining, transmitting operations).

[0259] The communication manager 1115 as described herein can be implemented to realize one or more potential advantages. For example, the communication manager 1115 reduces the processing burden of a UE by using configuration 300, 400, 500, 700-a, 700-b, or 900 to communicate CSI-RS resources for beam management.

[0260] The communications manager 1115, or its sub-components, can be physically located in different locations, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations by one or more physical components. In some examples, according to various aspects of the disclosure, the communications manager 1115, or its sub-components, can be a separate and distinct component in accordance with various aspects of the disclosure. In some examples, the communications manager 1115, or its sub-components, can be combined with one or more other hardware components, including but not limited to an input / output (I / O) component, a transceiver, a network server, another computing device, one or more other components described in the disclosure, or a combination thereof in accordance with various aspects of the disclosure.

[0261] The transmitter 1120 can transmit signals generated by other components of the device 1105. In some examples, the transmitter 1120 can be collocated with a receiver 1110 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 1120 can be a component of the FIG. 14 The transmitter 1120 can transmit signals generated by other components of the device 1105. In some examples, the transmitter 1120 can be collocated with a receiver 1110 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 1120 can be a component of the

[0262] FIG. 12 FIG. 12 shows a block diagram 1200 of a device 1205 that supports beam management in wireless communications networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1205 can be an example of aspects of a device 1105, a UE 115 as described herein. The device 1205 can include a receiver 1210, a communications manager 1215, and a transmitter 1235. The device 1205 can also include a processor. Each of these components can be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0263] The receiver 1210 can receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beam management in wireless communications networks, etc.). Information can be passed on to other components of the device 1205. The receiver 1210 can be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1420 described with reference to FIG. 14 The receiver 1210 can receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beam management in wireless communications networks, etc.). Information can be passed on to other components of the device 1205. The receiver 1210 can be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1420 described with reference to

[0264] The communications manager 1215 can be an example of aspects of the communications manager 1115 as described herein. The communications manager 1215 can include a transmit beam manager 1220, a reception manager 1225, and a resource manager 1230. The communications manager 1215 can be an example of aspects of the communications manager 1410 described herein.

[0265] In a first example (e.g., when the wireless communications system implements configuration 300, 400, 500, or 700-a), the reception manager 1225 can receive an indication of a set of reference signal resources for estimating one or more of a plurality of transmit beams of a wireless node in communication with the UE, the plurality of transmit beams being associated with a plurality of frequency ranges for communicating with the UE such that at least some of the plurality of transmit beams are associated with different ones of the plurality of frequency ranges. The reception manager 1225 can receive at least one reference signal based at least in part on the indication of the set of reference signal resources, the set of reference signal resources including a plurality of groups of reference signal resources, each group of reference signal resources including one or more reference signal resources, each of the plurality of groups of reference signal resources being associated with a respective frequency range and at least one transmit beam.

[0266] In a second example (e.g., when the wireless communications system implements configuration 700-b), the reception manager 1215 can receive an indication of a plurality of sets of reference signal resources for estimating a plurality of transmit beams of a wireless node in communication with the UE, the plurality of transmit beams being for communicating with the UE over one or more frequency ranges. The resource manager 1230 can receive at least one reference signal based at least in part on the indication of the plurality of sets of reference signal resources, the indication indicating, for each frequency range, a respective set of reference signal resources for estimating a different subset of the plurality of transmit beams associated with the frequency range, the set of reference signal resources including a plurality of reference signal resources, each reference signal resource being within the frequency range and each reference signal resource being associated with at least one of the subset of transmit beams.

[0267] The transmitter 1235 can transmit signals generated by other components of the device 1205. In some examples, the transmitter 1235 can be collocated with a receiver 1210 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 1235 can be a FIG. 14 The described aspects of the transceiver 1420 can be implemented in a number of ways. For example, the transmitter 1235 can be implemented with a single antenna, or a set of antennas.

[0268] FIG. 13 FIG. 13 shows a block diagram 1300 of a communications manager 1305 that supports beam management in wireless communications networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 1305 can be an example of aspects of a communications manager 1115, a communications manager 1215, or a communications manager 1410 as described herein. The communications manager 1305 can include a transmit beam manager 1310, a reception manager 1315, a resource manager 1320, and a coverage zone manager 1325. Each of these modules can communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0269] In a first example (e.g., when the wireless communication system implements configuration 300, 400, 500, or 700-a), reception manager 1315 can receive an indication of a set of reference signal resources for estimating one or more of a plurality of transmit beams of a wireless node in communication with the UE, the plurality of transmit beams being associated with a plurality of frequency ranges for communicating with the UE such that at least some of the plurality of transmit beams are associated with different ones of the plurality of frequency ranges. Resource manager 1320 can receive at least one reference signal based at least in part on the indication of the set of reference signal resources, the set of reference signal resources including a plurality of groups of reference signal resources, each group of reference signal resources including one or more reference signal resources, each of the plurality of groups of reference signal resources being associated with a respective frequency range and at least one transmit beam.

[0270] In some examples (e.g., in configuration 300), the plurality of groups of reference signal resources overlap in the time domain. In such examples, reception manager 1315 can receive a first reference signal transmitted using a first transmit beam, the first reference signal occupying a first reference signal resource included in a first group of reference signal resources. Reception manager 1315 can also receive a second reference signal transmitted using a second transmit beam while receiving the first reference signal, the second reference signal occupying a second reference signal resource included in a second group of reference signal resources.

[0271] In some examples (e.g., in configuration 400), the plurality of groups of reference signal resources can be staggered in the time domain. In such examples, the plurality of groups of reference signal resources can be separated by a threshold time period in the time domain. Further, reception manager 1315 can receive a first reference signal transmitted using a first transmit beam, the first reference signal occupying a first reference signal resource included in a first group of reference signal resources. Also, reception manager 1315 can receive a second reference signal transmitted using a second transmit beam after the threshold time period, the second reference signal occupying a second reference signal resource included in a second group of reference signal resources.

[0272] In some examples (e.g., in configuration 500), at least two groups of reference signal resources overlap in the time domain, and other groups of reference signal resources can be staggered in the time domain, the at least two groups of reference signal resources including a first group of reference signal resources and a second group of reference signal resources. In such examples, the first group of reference signal resources can be associated with a first transmit beam having a first coverage area, and the second group of reference signal resources can be associated with a second transmit beam having a second coverage area, and the first coverage area can be separated from the second coverage area by a third coverage area of a third transmit beam.

[0273] In some examples (e.g., in configuration 700-a), each of the one or more transmit beams is assigned a respective frequency range for data transmission. In such examples, resource manager 1320 can associate each reference signal resource within a given frequency range with a transmit beam that is allocated a different frequency range for data transmission. Additionally, reception manager 1315 can receive, on a first frequency range, data transmitted using a first transmit beam assigned the first frequency range for data transmission. And, reception manager 1315 can receive, on the first frequency range, a reference signal transmitted using a second transmit beam assigned a second frequency range for data transmission. In other examples, reception manager 1315 can receive an indication of a duration for which data transmission on the first frequency range is to be interrupted.

[0274] In some examples, coverage manager 1325 can determine a spatial relationship between a first coverage area of a first transmit beam and a second coverage area of a second transmit beam, the first coverage area encompassing the UE. In such examples, reception manager 1315 can receive, based at least on the spatial relationship, a reference signal transmitted using the second transmit beam. In some examples, coverage manager 1325 can receive, from a wireless node, an indication of the spatial relationship, the indication including a vector indicating transmit beams having coverage areas adjacent to the first coverage area. In other examples, coverage manager 1325 can determine that reference signal resources associated with the first transmit beam and the second transmit beam are separated in a time domain, where the spatial relationship is based at least in part on determining that the reference signal resources associated with the first transmit beam and the second transmit beam are separated in the time domain.

[0275] In some examples, a set of reference signal resources is associated with a first pattern of estimating transmit beams. In such examples, reception manager 1315 can receive an indication of a second set of reference signal resources associated with a second pattern of estimating transmit beams. Reception manager 1315 can also receive an indication of the first pattern or the second pattern.

[0276] In a second example (e.g., when the wireless communication system implements configuration 700-b), the reception manager 1315 can receive an indication of a plurality of sets of reference signal resources for estimating a plurality of transmit beams of a wireless node in communication with the UE, the plurality of transmit beams for communicating with the UE over one or more frequency ranges. And, the resource manager 1320 can receive at least one reference signal based at least in part on the indication of the plurality of sets of reference signal resources, the indication indicating, for each frequency range, a respective set of reference signal resources for estimating one subset of the plurality of transmit beams associated with the different frequency range, the set of reference signal resources comprising a plurality of reference signal resources, each reference signal resource within the frequency range and each reference signal resource associated with at least one transmit beam of the subset of transmit beams.

[0277] In some examples, each reference signal resource in a given set of reference signal resources is associated with a respective transmit beam and a respective reference signal. In other examples, each reference signal resource in a given set of reference signal resources is associated with a plurality of transmit beams and a plurality of reference signals.

[0278] In some examples, the transmit beam manager 1310 can determine that a first transmit beam is assigned a first frequency range for data transmissions. The transmit beam manager 1310 can further determine that a second transmit beam is assigned a second frequency range for data transmissions. In such examples, the reception manager 1315 can receive a reference signal transmitted using the second transmit beam over the first frequency range, the reference signal occupying one or more reference signal resources of the set of reference signal resources for the first frequency range.

[0279] In some examples, the reception manager 1315 can receive, over the first frequency range, data transmitted using a first transmit beam assigned the first frequency range for data transmissions. The reception manager 1315 can further receive an indication of a duration for which data transmissions over the first frequency range are to be interrupted.

[0280] In some examples, the plurality of sets of reference signal resources are associated with a first pattern of estimating transmit beams. In such examples, the reception manager 1315 can receive an indication of a second set of reference signal resources associated with a second pattern of estimating transmit beams. The reception manager 1315 can further receive an indication of the first pattern or the second pattern.

[0281] FIG. 14A diagram illustrates a system 1400 including a device 1405 that supports beam management in a wireless communications network in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1405 can be an example of or include the components of device 1105, device 1205, or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 1405 can include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a communications manager 1410, an I / O controller 1415, a transceiver 1420, an antenna 1425, memory 1430, and a processor 1440. These components can be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1445).

[0282] In a first example (e.g., when the wireless communications system implements configuration 300, 400, 500, or 700-a), the communications manager 1410 can receive an indication of a set of reference signal resources for estimating one or more transmit beams of a plurality of transmit beams of a wireless node in communication with the UE, the plurality of transmit beams being associated with a plurality of frequency ranges for communicating with the UE such that at least some of the plurality of transmit beams are associated with different frequency ranges of the plurality of frequency ranges, and receive at least one reference signal based at least in part on the indication of the set of reference signal resources, the set of reference signal resources including a plurality of groups of reference signal resources, each group of reference signal resources including one or more reference signal resources, each of the plurality of groups of reference signal resources being associated with a respective frequency range and at least one transmit beam.

[0283] In a second example (e.g., when the wireless communications system implements configuration 700-b), the communications manager 1410 can receive an indication of a plurality of sets of reference signal resources for estimating a plurality of transmit beams of a wireless node in communication with the UE, the plurality of transmit beams being for communicating with the UE on one or more frequency ranges, and receive at least one reference signal based at least in part on the indication of the plurality of sets of reference signal resources, the indication indicating, for each frequency range, a respective set of reference signal resources for estimating a different subset of the plurality of transmit beams associated with the frequency range, the set of reference signal resources including a plurality of reference signal resources, each reference signal resource being within the frequency range and each reference signal resource being associated with at least one transmit beam of the subset of transmit beams.

[0284] The I / O controller 1415 can manage input and output signals for the device 1405. The I / O controller 1415 can also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 1405. In some cases, the I / O controller 1415 can represent a physical connection or port to the external peripherals. The I / O controller 1415 can utilize one or more communication protocols to communicate with the external peripherals. In some cases, the I / O controller 1415 can handle or other known operating systems. In other cases, the I / O controller 1415 can represent a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touchscreen, or similar device, or interaction with such devices. In some cases, the I / O controller 1415 can be implemented as part of a processor. In some cases, a user can interact with the device 1405 via the I / O controller 1415 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 1415.

[0285] The transceiver 1420 can communicate bi-directionally, via one or more antennas, wired, or wireless links as described above. For example, the transceiver 1420 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1420 can also include a modem to modulate the packets and provide the modulated packets to the antennas for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the antennas.

[0286] In some cases, the wireless device can include a single antenna 1425. However, in some cases the device can have more than one antenna 1425, which can be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions.

[0287] The memory 1430 can include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The memory 1430 can store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1435 including instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform various functions described herein. In some cases, the memory 1430 can contain, among other computer-readable or computer- executable instructions, a basic input / output system (BIOS) which can control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0288] The processor 1440 can include an intelligent hardware device, (e.g., a general- purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 1440 can be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In other cases, a memory controller can be integrated into the processor 1440. The processor 1440 can be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 1430) to cause the device 1405 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting beam management in a wireless communication network).

[0289] The code 1435 can include instructions to implement aspects of the present disclosure including instructions to support wireless communications. The code 1435 can be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or other type of memory. In some cases, the code 1435 can not be directly executable by the processor 1440 but can cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein.

[0290] FIG. 15 A block diagram 1500 of a device 1505 that supports beam management in wireless communications networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1505 can be an example of aspects of a base station 105 as described herein. The device 1505 can include a receiver 1510, a communications manager 1515, and a transmitter 1520. The device 1505 can also include a processor. Each of these components can be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0291] The receiver 1510 can receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beam management in wireless communications networks, etc.). Information can be passed on to other components of the device 1505. The receiver 1510 can be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1820 described with reference to FIG. 1. The receiver 1510 can utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas. FIG. 18 The receiver 1510 can receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beam management in wireless communications networks, etc.). Information can be passed on to other components of the device 1505. The receiver 1510 can be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1820 described with reference to FIG. 1. The receiver 1510 can utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

[0292] In a first example (e.g., when the wireless communications system implements configuration 300, 400, 500, or 700-a), the communications manager 1515 can determine that a set of transmit beams is associated with a set of frequency ranges such that at least some transmit beams of the set of transmit beams are associated with different frequency ranges of the set of frequency ranges, determine a set of reference signal resources for estimating the set of transmit beams, the set of reference signal resources including a set of reference signal resource groups, each reference signal resource group including one or more reference signal resources, each reference signal resource group of the set of reference signal resource groups being associated with a respective frequency range of the set of frequency ranges and one or more transmit beams of the set of transmit beams, and transmit an indication of the set of reference signal resources to a UE to estimate one or more beams of the set of transmit beams.

[0293] In a second example (e.g., when the wireless communications system implements configuration 700-b), the communications manager 1115 can determine to assign each of a plurality of transmission beams a respective frequency range for data transmissions, determine, for each frequency range, a set of reference signal resources for estimating a subset of the transmission beams assigned different frequency ranges, the set of reference signal resources including a plurality of reference signal resources each located within a frequency range and each associated with one or more of the subset of transmission beams, and transmit, to a UE, an indication of the set of reference signal resources for estimating the subset of transmission beams.

[0294] In a third example (e.g., when the wireless communications system implements configuration 900), the communications manager 1115 can transmit, using a first transmission beam assigned a first frequency range for data transmissions, a synchronization signal block over a second frequency range, the first transmission beam included in a plurality of transmission beams, where each transmission beam is assigned a respective frequency range for data transmissions, and transmit, using the first transmission beam, a reference signal over the second frequency range concurrently with the transmission of the synchronization signal block.

[0295] The communications manager 1515 can be an example of means for performing various aspects of managing beams as described herein. The communications manager 1515, or its sub-components, can be implemented by hardware (e.g., in communication management circuitry). The circuitry can comprise a processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein.

[0296] In another implementation, the communications manager 1515, or its sub-components, can be implemented using a processor executing code stored in memory (e.g., as communications management software or firmware), or any combination thereof. When the code is executed by a processor, the functionality of the communications manager 1515, or its sub-components, can be carried out by the general processor, a DSP, an ASIC, an FPGA, or other programmable logic device.

[0297] In some examples, the communications manager 1515 can be configured to use or otherwise implement the receiver 1510, the transmitter 1520, or both, to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, determining, transmitting operations).

[0298] The communications manager 1515, or its sub-components, can be physically located in different locations, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations by one or more physical components. In some examples, according to various aspects of the disclosure, the communications manager 1515, or its sub-components, can be a separate and distinct component in accordance with various aspects of the disclosure. In some examples, the communications manager 1515, or its sub-components, can be combined with one or more other hardware components, including but not limited to an input / output (I / O) component, a transceiver, a network server, another computing device, one or more other components described in the disclosure, or a combination thereof in accordance with various aspects of the disclosure.

[0299] The communications manager 1515 as described herein can be implemented to realize one or more potential advantages. For example, the communications manager 1515 uses the configuration 300, 400, 500, 700-a, 700-b, or 900 to reduce processing burden of the device 1505 to receive CSI-RS resources for beam management.

[0300] The transmitter 1520 can transmit signals generated by other components of the device 1505. In some examples, the transmitter 1520 can be collocated with a receiver 1510 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 1520 can be a component of the FIG. 18 Aspects of the described transmitter 1520 can be implemented, for example, as a

[0301] FIG. 16 A block diagram 1600 of a device 1605 that supports beam management in wireless communications networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The device 1605 can be an example of aspects of a device 1505, a base station 105 as described herein. The device 1605 can include a receiver 1610, a communications manager 1615, and a transmitter 1635. The device 1605 can also include a processor. Each of these components can be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0302] The receiver 1610 can receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to beam management in wireless communications networks, etc.). Information can be passed on to other components of the device 1605. The receiver 1610 can be an example of aspects of the described transceiver 1820. The receiver 1610 can utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas. FIG. 18 Aspects of the described transmitter 1520 can be implemented, for example, as a

[0303] The communications manager 1615 can be an example of aspects of the communications manager 1515 as described herein. The communications manager 1615 can include a transmit beam manager 1620, a resource manager 1625, and a transmission manager 1630. The communications manager 1615 can be an example of aspects of the communications manager 1810 described herein.

[0304] In a first example (e.g., when the wireless communications system implements configuration 300, 400, 500, or 700-a), the transmit beam manager 1620 can determine that a set of transmit beams is associated with a set of frequency ranges such that at least some transmit beams of the set of transmit beams are associated with different frequency ranges of the set of frequency ranges. The resource manager 1625 can determine a set of reference signal resources for estimating the set of transmit beams, the set of reference signal resources including a set of one or more reference signal resource groups, each reference signal resource group including one or more reference signal resources, each reference signal resource group of the set of reference signal resource groups being associated with a respective frequency range of the set of frequency ranges and one or more transmit beams of the set of transmit beams. The transmission manager 1630 can transmit, to a UE, an indication of the set of reference signal resources for estimating one or more transmit beams of the set of transmit beams.

[0305] In a second example (e.g., when the wireless communications system implements configuration 700-b), the transmit beam manager 1620 can determine, for each transmit beam of a plurality of transmit beams, a respective frequency range for data transmissions. The resource manager 1625 can determine, for each frequency range, a set of reference signal resources for estimating a subset of transmit beams allocated with different frequency ranges, the set of reference signal resources including a plurality of reference signal resources each located within a frequency range and each associated with one or more transmit beams of the subset of transmit beams. The transmission manager 1630 can transmit, to a UE, an indication of the set of reference signal resources for estimating the subset of transmit beams.

[0306] In a third example (e.g., when the wireless communications system implements configuration 900), the transmit beam manager 1620 can transmit, using a first transmit beam assigned a first frequency range for data transmissions, a synchronization signal block over a second frequency range, the first transmit beam included in a plurality of transmit beams in which each transmit beam is assigned a respective frequency range for data transmissions. And, the transmission manager 1630 can transmit, using the first transmit beam, a reference signal over the second frequency range concurrently with the transmission of the synchronization signal block.

[0307] The transmitter 1635 can transmit signals generated by other components of the device 1605. In some examples, the transmitter 1635 can be collocated with the receiver 1610 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 1635 can be a FIG. 18 The transmitter 1635 can transmit signals generated by other components of the device 1605. In some examples, the transmitter 1635 can be collocated with the receiver 1610 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 1635 can be a

[0308] FIG. 17 A block diagram 1700 illustrating a communications manager 1705 that supports beam management in wireless communications networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The communications manager 1705 can be an example of aspects of a communications manager 1515, a communications manager 1615, or a communications manager 1810 described herein. The communications manager 1705 can include a transmit beam manager 1710, a resource manager 1715, a transmission manager 1720, a rate matching manager 1725, a coverage zone manager 1730, a multiplexing manager 1735, and a pattern manager 1740. Each of these modules can communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0309] In a first example (e.g., when the wireless communications system implements configuration 300, 400, 500, or 700-a), the transmit beam manager 1710 can determine that a plurality of transmit beams are associated with a plurality of frequency ranges such that at least some of the plurality of transmit beams are associated with different frequency ranges of the plurality of frequency ranges. The resource manager 1715 can determine a set of reference signal resources for estimating the plurality of transmit beams, the set of reference signal resources including a plurality of reference signal resource groups, each reference signal resource group including one or more reference signal resources, each of the plurality of reference signal resource groups being associated with a respective frequency range of the plurality of frequency ranges and one or more transmit beams of the plurality of transmit beams. The transmission manager 1720 can transmit, to a UE, an indication of the set of reference signal resources to estimate one or more transmit beams of the plurality of transmit beams. In some examples, the indication of the set of reference signal resources is signaled in a system information block or a radio resource control message.

[0310] In some examples (e.g., in configuration 300), the plurality of reference signal resource groups overlap in the time domain. In such examples, the transmission manager 1720 can transmit, using a first transmit beam, a first reference signal on a first reference signal resource included in a first reference signal resource group. The transmission manager 1720 can also transmit, using a second transmit beam and concurrently with the transmitting of the first reference signal, a second reference signal on a second reference signal resource included in a second reference signal resource group.

[0311] In some examples (e.g., in configuration 400), the plurality of reference signal resource groups are staggered in the time domain. In such examples, the plurality of reference signal resource groups can be separated by a threshold time period in the time domain. Further, the transmission manager 1720 can transmit a first reference signal on a first reference signal resource included in a first reference signal resource group using a first transmission beam. The transmission manager 1720 can also transmit a second reference signal on a second reference signal resource included in a second reference signal resource group using a second transmission beam after the threshold time period.

[0312] In some examples (e.g., in configuration 500), at least two reference signal resource groups are overlapping in the time domain, while other reference signal resource groups are staggered in the time domain, the at least two reference signal resource groups including a first reference signal resource group and a second reference signal resource group. In such examples, the first reference signal resource group can be associated with a first transmission beam having a first coverage area, and the second reference signal resource group can be associated with a second transmission beam having a second coverage area, the first coverage area can be separated from the second coverage area by a third coverage area of a third transmission beam.

[0313] In some examples (e.g., in configuration 700-a), each transmission beam is assigned a respective frequency range for data transmission. In such examples, the resource manager 1715 can associate each reference signal resource within a given frequency range with a transmission beam that is assigned a different frequency range for data transmission. Additionally, the transmission manager 1720 can transmit data to the second UE on a first frequency range using a first transmission beam that is assigned the first frequency range for data transmission. The transmission manager 1720 can also transmit a reference signal on a second frequency range using the first transmission beam. In some examples, the rate matching manager 1725 can determine that transmitting the reference signal on the second frequency range using the first transmission beam interrupts data transmission to the second UE on the first frequency range. In such examples, the transmission manager 1720 can transmit an indication of a duration of the interruption to the second UE.

[0314] In some examples, the coverage area manager 1730 can determine a spatial relationship between coverage areas of the plurality of transmission beams. In such examples, the transmission manager 1720 can transmit an indication of the spatial relationship to the UE. In some examples, the indication includes a vector indicating which transmission beams have adjacent coverage areas.

[0315] In some examples, each set of reference signal resources includes two or more (e.g., a pair) of reference signal resources of the reference signal resources. In such examples, the multiplexing manager 1735 can code division multiplex a first reference signal for transmission using a first beam on a pair of reference signal resources and a second reference signal for transmission using a second beam on the pair of reference signal resources. Alternatively, the multiplexing manager 1735 can frequency division multiplex a first reference signal for transmission using a first beam on a pair of reference signal resources and a second reference signal for transmission using a second beam on the pair of reference signal resources.

[0316] In some examples, the set of reference signal resources is associated with a first pattern of estimating transmit beams. In such examples, the pattern manager 1740 can determine a second set of reference signal resources associated with a second pattern of estimating transmit beams. The transmission manager 1720 can transmit, to the UE, an indication of the second set of reference signal resources. In some examples, the pattern manager 1740 can select the first pattern or the second pattern based at least in part on a capability of the UE. In such examples, the transmission manager 1720 can transmit, to the UE, an indication of the first pattern or the second pattern.

[0317] In a second example (e.g., when the wireless communication system implements configuration 700-b), the transmit beam manager 1710 can determine, for each transmit beam of a plurality of transmit beams, a respective frequency range for data transmission. The resource manager 1715 can determine, for each frequency range, a set of reference signal resources for estimating a subset of the transmit beams assigned different frequency ranges, the set of reference signal resources including a plurality of reference signal resources each located within a frequency range and each associated with one or more transmit beams of the subset of transmit beams. The transmission manager 1720 can transmit, to the UE, an indication of the set of reference signal resources for estimating the subset of transmit beams.

[0318] In some examples, each reference signal resource of the set of reference signal resources is associated with a respective transmit beam and a respective reference signal. In other examples, each reference signal resource of the set of reference signal resources is associated with a plurality of transmit beams and a plurality of reference signals.

[0319] In some examples, the transmit beam manager 1710 can determine that a first transmit beam is assigned a first frequency range for data transmissions. In such examples, the transmit beam manager 1720 can transmit the reference signal on at least one reference signal resource of the set of reference signal resources in the first frequency range using a second transmit beam assigned a second frequency range for data transmissions. In some examples, the rate matching manager 1725 can determine that data communications on the second frequency range will be interrupted during transmission of the reference signal on the first frequency range. In such examples, the transmit manager 1720 can transmit an indication of a duration of the interruption to a device receiving data communications on the second frequency range. In some examples, the transmit manager 1720 can transmit a second reference signal in the first frequency range on at least one reference signal resource of the set of reference signal resources using a third transmit beam. In such examples, the second reference signal can be transmitted on a same set of reference signal resources as the reference signal. Alternatively, the second reference signal can be transmitted on a different set of reference signal resources than the reference signal.

[0320] In some examples, the transmit manager 1720 can transmit the first reference signal and the second reference signal on multiple reference signal resources of the set of reference signal resources for a third frequency range, the first reference signal transmitted using a first transmit beam assigned the first frequency range for data transmissions and the second reference signal transmitted using a second transmit beam assigned the second frequency range for data transmissions. In such examples, the first reference signal and the second reference signal can be code division multiplexed or frequency division multiplexed.

[0321] In some examples, the set of reference signal resources is associated with a first pattern of estimating transmit beams. In such examples, the pattern manager 1740 can determine a second set of reference signal resources associated with a second pattern of estimating transmit beams. And, the transmit manager 1720 can transmit an indication of the second set of reference signal resources to the UE. In some examples, the pattern manager 1740 can select the first pattern or the second pattern based at least in part on a capability of the UE. In such examples, the transmit manager 1720 can transmit an indication of the first pattern or the second pattern to the UE.

[0322] In a third example (e.g., when the wireless communications system implements the configuration 900), the transmit beam manager 1710 can transmit a synchronization signal block on a second frequency range using a first transmit beam assigned a first frequency range for data transmissions, the first transmit beam included in a plurality of transmit beams, where each transmit beam is assigned a respective frequency range for data transmissions. And, the transmit manager 1720 can transmit a reference signal on the second frequency range, simultaneously with the transmitting the synchronization signal block, using the first transmit beam.

[0323] In some examples, the transmission manager 1720 can transmit data to the device on a first frequency range using a first transmit beam. In some examples, the rate matching manager 1725 can determine that a data transmission to the device on the first frequency range will be interrupted based at least in part on simultaneously transmitting a synchronization signal block and a reference signal on a second frequency range using the first transmit beam. In such examples, the transmission manager 1720 can transmit an indication of the interruption to the device prior to simultaneously transmitting the synchronization signal block and the reference signal.

[0324] In some examples, the plurality of beams includes a second transmit beam assigned the second frequency range for data transmission. In such examples, the transmission manager 1720 can transmit a second synchronization signal block on a third frequency range using the second transmit beam. The transmission manager 1720 can also transmit a second reference signal on the third frequency range using the second transmit beam simultaneously with transmitting the second synchronization signal block.

[0325] FIG. 18 FIG. 18 shows a diagram of a system 1800 including a device 1805 that supports beam management in wireless communications in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. Device 1805 can be an example of device 1505, device 1605, or a base station 105 as described herein, or include components of device 1505, device 1605, or base station 105. Device 1805 can include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting communications and components for receiving communications, including communication manager 1810, network communications manager 1815, transceiver 1820, antenna 1825, memory 1830, processor 1840, and inter-station communications manager 1845. These components can be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1850). Device 1805 can communicate wirelessly with one or more wireless devices 1855. The device 1805 can also be called a base station, a Node B, an eNode B, gNode B, Home Node B, or some other similar terminology.

[0326] In a first example (e.g., when the wireless communication system implements configuration 300, 400, 500, or 700-a), the communication manager 1810 can determine that a set of transmit beams is associated with a set of frequency ranges such that at least some of the set of transmit beams are associated with different frequency ranges of the set of frequency ranges, determine a set of reference signal resources for estimating the set of transmit beams, the set of reference signal resources including a set of one or more reference signal resource groups, each reference signal resource group including one or more reference signal resources, each reference signal resource group of the set of reference signal resource groups being associated with a respective frequency range of the set of frequency ranges and one or more transmit beams of the set of transmit beams, and transmit an indication of the set of reference signal resources to a UE to estimate one or more transmit beams of the set of transmit beams.

[0327] In a second example (e.g., when the wireless communications system implements configuration 700-b), the communications manager 1810 can determine to assign, for each of a plurality of transmission beams, a respective frequency range for data transmissions, determine, for each frequency range, a set of reference signal resources for estimating a subset of the transmission beams assigned different frequency ranges, the set of reference signal resources including a plurality of reference signal resources each located within a frequency range and each associated with one or more of the subset of transmission beams, and transmit, to a UE, an indication of the set of reference signal resources for estimating the subset of transmission beams.

[0328] In a third example (e.g., when the wireless communications system implements configuration 900), the communications manager 1810 can transmit, using a first transmission beam assigned a first frequency range for data transmissions, a synchronization signal block over a second frequency range, the first transmission beam included in a plurality of transmission beams, wherein each transmission beam is assigned a respective frequency range for data transmissions, and transmit, using the first transmission beam, a reference signal over the second frequency range concurrently with the transmission of the synchronization signal block.

[0329] The network communications manager 1815 can manage communications with a core network (e.g., via one or more wired backhaul links). For example, the network communications manager 1815 can manage the transfer of data communications for client devices, such as the UEs 115.

[0330] The transceiver 1820 can communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver, for example, via one or more antennas, wired, or wireless links as described above. For example, the transceiver 1820 can represent a wireless transceiver and can communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1820 can also include a modem to modulate the packets and to demodulate packets received from a network interface, for example.

[0331] In some cases, the wireless device can include a single antenna 1825. However, in some cases the device can have more than one antenna 1825, which can be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions.

[0332] The memory 1830 can include RAM, ROM, or a combination thereof. The memory 1830 can store computer-readable code 1835 including instructions that, when executed by a processor (e.g., the processor 1840), cause the device to perform various functions described herein. In some cases, the memory 1830 can contain, among other computer-readable code 1835, a BIOS, which can control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0333] The processor 1840 can include an intelligent hardware device, (e.g., a general- purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor 1840 can be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some cases, a memory controller can be integrated into the processor 1840. The processor 1840 can be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 1830) to cause the device 1805 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks for supporting beam management in a wireless communication network).

[0334] The inter-station communications manager 1845 can manage communications with other base station 105, and can include a controller or scheduler for controlling communications with UEs 115 in cooperation with other base stations 105. For example, the inter-station communications manager 1845 can coordinate scheduling of transmissions to UEs 115 for various interference mitigation techniques such as beamforming or joint transmission. In some examples, the inter-station communications manager 1845 can provide an X2 interface within an LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to provide communication between base stations 105.

[0335] The code 1835 can include instructions for implementing aspects of the present disclosure, including instructions for supporting wireless communications. The code 1835 can be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or other type of memory. In some cases, the code 1835 can not be directly executable by the processor 1840 but can cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein.

[0336] FIG. 19 A method 1900 that supports beam management in wireless communication networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of method 1900 can be implemented by a base station or satellite or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method 1900 can be performed by a communications manager as described with reference to FIGS. 1 through 3. FIGS. 15-18 In some examples, a base station or satellite can execute a set of instructions to control the functional units of the base station to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the base station or satellite can perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.

[0337] At 1905, the method can include transmitting using at least one of a plurality of transmit beams, the plurality of transmit beams being associated with a plurality of frequency ranges, such that at least some of the plurality of transmit beams are associated with different ones of the plurality of frequency ranges. The operations of 1905 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1905 can be performed by a transmit beam manager as described with reference to FIGS. 15-18 FIG. 19.

[0338] At 1910, the method can include transmitting, to a UE, an indication of a set of reference signal resources for estimating the plurality of transmit beams, the set of reference signal resources including a plurality of groups of reference signal resources, each group of reference signal resources including one or more reference signal resources, each group of the plurality of groups of reference signal resources being associated with a respective one of a plurality of frequency ranges and one or more of a plurality of transmit beams. The operations of 1910 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1910 can be performed by a transmission manager as described with reference to FIGS. 15-18 FIG. 19.

[0339] FIG. 20 A flow diagram illustrating a method 2000 that supports beam management in wireless communications networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of method 2000 can be implemented by a base station or satellite or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method 2000 can be performed by a communications manager as described with reference to FIGS. 15-18 FIG. 20. In some examples, a base station or satellite can execute a set of instructions to control the functional units of the base station to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the base station or satellite can perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.

[0340] At 2005, the method can include transmitting using at least one of a plurality of transmit beams, each transmit beam being assigned a respective frequency range for data transmission. The operations of 2005 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2005 can be performed by a transmit beam manager as described with reference to FIGS. 15-18 FIG. 20.

[0341] At 2010, the method can include transmitting, to the UE, an indication for each frequency range of a set of reference signal resources for estimating a subset of transmit beams assigned a different frequency range, the set of reference signal resources including a plurality of reference signal resources, where each reference signal resource is located within the frequency range and each reference signal resource is associated with one or more transmit beams in the subset of transmit beams. The operations of 2010 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2010 can be performed by a transmission manager as described with reference to FIGS. 15-18

[0342] FIG. 21 A flow diagram illustrating a method 2100 that supports beam management in wireless communication networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of method 2000 can be implemented by a base station or satellite or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method 2100 can be performed by a communications manager as described with reference to FIGS. 15-18 In some examples, a base station or satellite can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the base station or satellite can perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.

[0343] At 2105, the method can transmit, using a first transmit beam assigned a first frequency range for data transmission, a synchronization signal block over a second frequency range, the first transmit beam included in a plurality of transmit beams, where each transmit beam is assigned a respective frequency range for data transmission. The operations of 2105 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2105 can be performed by a transmission manager as described with reference to FIGS. 15-18

[0344] At 2110, the method can include transmitting, using the first transmit beam, a reference signal over the second frequency range concurrently with the synchronization signal block. The operations of 2115 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2115 can be performed by a transmission manager as described with reference to FIGS. 15-18

[0345] FIG. 22 A flow diagram illustrating a method 2200 that supports beam management in wireless communication networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of method 2200 can be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method 2200 can be performed by a communications manager as described with reference to FIGS. 11-14 ​​​The described communication manager performs. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control its functional units to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the UE can perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.

[0346] At 2205, the method can include receiving an indication of a set of reference signal resources for estimating one or more of a plurality of transmit beams of a wireless node, the plurality of transmit beams being associated with a plurality of frequency ranges such that at least some of the plurality of transmit beams are associated with different ones of the plurality of frequency ranges. The operations of 2205 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2205 can be performed by a reception manager as described with reference to FIGS. 11-14 to the reception manager as described with reference to

[0347] At 2210, the method can include receiving at least one reference signal based at least in part on the indication of the set of reference signal resources, the set of reference signal resources including a plurality of groups of reference signal resources, each group of reference signal resources including one or more reference signal resources, each of the plurality of groups of reference signal resources being associated with a respective frequency range and at least one transmit beam. The operations of 2210 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2210 can be performed by a resource manager as described with reference to FIGS. 11-14 to the resource manager as described with reference to

[0348] FIG. 23 A methodology that supports beam management in wireless communications networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown and described. The operations of method 2300 can be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method 2300 can be performed by a communication manager as described with reference to FIGS. 11-14 The described communication manager performs. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control its functional units to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the UE can perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.

[0349] At 2305, the method can include receiving an indication of a plurality of sets of reference signal resources for estimating a plurality of transmit beams of a wireless node, the plurality of transmit beams being associated with one or more frequency ranges. The operations of 2305 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2305 can be performed by a reception manager as described with reference to FIGS. 11-14 to the reception manager as described with reference to

[0350] At 2310, the method can include receiving at least one reference signal based at least in part on the indication of the plurality of reference signal resource sets, the indication indicating, for each frequency range, a respective reference signal resource set for estimating one subset of the plurality of transmit beams associated with the different frequency range, the reference signal resource set including a plurality of reference signal resources, each reference signal resource within the frequency range and each reference signal resource associated with at least one transmit beam of the subset of transmit beams. The operations of 2310 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2310 can be performed by a reception manager as described with reference to FIGS. 11-14

[0351] FIG. 24 A method 2400 that supports beam management in wireless communication networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of method 2400 can be implemented by a base station or satellite or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method 2400 can be performed by a communication manager as described with reference to FIGS. 15-18 In some examples, a base station or satellite can execute a set of instructions to control the functional units of the base station to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the base station or satellite can perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.

[0352] At 2405, the method can include determining a set of transmit beams is associated with a set of frequency ranges such that at least some transmit beams of the set of transmit beams are associated with different frequency ranges of the set of frequency ranges. The operations of 2405 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2405 can be performed by a transmit beam manager as described with reference to FIGS. 15-18

[0353] At 2410, the method can include determining a set of reference signal resources for estimating the set of transmit beams, the set of reference signal resources including a set of reference signal resource groups, each reference signal resource group including one or more reference signal resources, each reference signal resource group of the set of reference signal resource groups being associated with a respective frequency range of the set of frequency ranges and one or more transmit beams of the set of transmit beams. The operations of 2410 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2410 can be performed by a resource manager as described with reference to FIGS. 15-18

[0354] ​​​At 2415, the method can include transmitting, to the UE, an indication of the set of reference signal resources to estimate for the one or more of the set of transmit beams. The operations of 2415 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2415 can be performed by a transmission manager as described with reference to FIGS. 15-18

[0355] FIG. 25 A process flow diagram illustrating a method 2500 that supports beam management in wireless communications networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of method 2500 can be implemented by a base station or satellite or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method 2500 can be performed by a communications manager as described with reference to FIGS. 15-18 In some examples, a base station or satellite can execute a set of instructions to control the functional units of the base station to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the base station or satellite can perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.

[0356] At 2505, the method can include determining, for each transmit beam of a plurality of transmit beams, a respective frequency range assigned for data transmission. The operations of 2505 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2505 can be performed by a transmit beam manager as described with reference to FIGS. 15-18

[0357] At 2510, the method can include determining, for each frequency range, a set of reference signal resources for estimating a subset of the transmit beams assigned different frequency ranges, the set of reference signal resources including a plurality of reference signal resources, where each reference signal resource is within a frequency range and each reference signal resource is associated with one or more transmit beams of the subset of transmit beams. The operations of 2510 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2510 can be performed by a resource manager as described with reference to FIGS. 15-18

[0358] At 2515, the method can include transmitting, to the UE, an indication of the set of reference signal resources to estimate for the subset of transmit beams. The operations of 2515 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2515 can be performed by a transmission manager as described with reference to FIGS. 15-18

[0359] FIG. 26 ​​​​A flowchart illustrating a method 2600 that supports beam management in wireless communication networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of method 2600 can be implemented by a base station or satellite or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method 2600 can be performed by a communications manager as described with reference to FIGS. 15-18 FIGS. 13-16 as described herein. Additionally or alternatively, the base station or satellite can execute one or more sets of instructions to control the functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the base station or satellite can perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.

[0360] At 2605, the method can include determining a plurality of transmit beams each assigned a respective frequency range for data transmission, the plurality of transmit beams including a first transmit beam assigned a first frequency range for data transmission. The operations of 2605 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2605 can be performed by a transmit beam manager as described with reference to FIGS. 15-18 FIGS. 13-16 as described herein. Additionally or alternatively, the base station or satellite can execute one or more sets of instructions to control the functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the base station or satellite can perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.

[0361] At 2610, the method can include transmitting a synchronization signal block over the second frequency range using the first transmit beam. The operations of 2610 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2610 can be performed by a transmission manager as described with reference to FIGS. 15-18 FIGS. 13-16 as described herein. Additionally or alternatively, the base station or satellite can execute one or more sets of instructions to control the functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the base station or satellite can perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.

[0362] At 2615, the method can include transmitting a reference signal over the second frequency range, concurrently with the synchronization signal block, using the first transmit beam. The operations of 2615 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2615 can be performed by a transmission manager as described with reference to FIGS. 15-18 FIGS. 13-16 as described herein. Additionally or alternatively, the base station or satellite can execute one or more sets of instructions to control the functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the base station or satellite can perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.

[0363] FIG. 27 A flowchart illustrating a method 2700 that supports beam management in wireless communication networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of method 2700 can be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method 2700 can be performed by a communications manager as described with reference to FIGS. 11-14 FIGS. 13-16 as described herein. Additionally or alternatively, the base station or satellite can execute one or more sets of instructions to control the functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, the base station or satellite can perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.

[0364] At 2705, the method can include determining that a wireless node in communication with the UE has a set of transmit beams associated with a set of frequency ranges for communicating with the UE such that at least some of the set of transmit beams are associated with different frequency ranges of the set of frequency ranges. The operations of 2705 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2705 can be performed by a transmit beam manager as described with reference to FIGS. 11-14

[0365] At 2710, the method can include receiving an indication of a set of reference signal resources for estimating the one or more transmit beams. The operations of 2710 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2710 can be performed by a reception manager as described with reference to FIGS. 11-14

[0366] At 2715, the method can include determining, based on the indication, that the set of reference signal resources includes a set of one or more groups of reference signal resources, each group of reference signal resources including one or more reference signal resources, each group of reference signal resources of the set of groups of reference signal resources being associated with a respective frequency range and at least one transmit beam. The operations of 2715 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2715 can be performed by a resource manager as described with reference to FIGS. 11-14

[0367] FIG. 28 A flow diagram illustrating a method 2800 that supports beam management in wireless communications networks in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. The operations of method 2800 can be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method 2800 can be performed by a communications manager as described with reference to FIGS. 11-14

[0368] At 2805, the method can include determining that a wireless node in communication with the UE has one or more transmit beams for communicating with the UE over one or more frequency ranges. The operations of 2805 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2805 can be performed by a transmit beam manager as described with reference to FIGS. 11-14

[0369] ​​​​​At 2810, the method can include receiving an indication of a plurality of reference signal resource sets for estimating a plurality of transmission beams, the plurality of transmission beams including the one or more transmission beams. The operations of 2810 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2810 can be performed by a reception manager as described with reference to FIGs. FIGS. 11-14

[0370] At 2815, the method can include determining, for each frequency range, a respective reference signal resource set for estimating one subset of the plurality of transmission beams associated with the different frequency range, the reference signal resource set including a plurality of reference signal resources, where each reference signal resource is within the frequency range and each reference signal resource is associated with at least one transmission beam of the subset of transmission beams. The operations of 2815 can be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2815 can be performed by a resource manager as described with reference to FIGs. FIGS. 11-14

[0371] implementations, and that the operations and / or steps can be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods can be combined.

[0372] The following provides an overview of aspects of the disclosure:

[0373] Aspect 1 : A method for wireless communication, comprising: transmitting, using a first transmission beam assigned a first frequency range for data transmission, a synchronization signal block over a second frequency range, the first transmission beam included in a plurality of transmission beams, where each transmission beam is assigned a respective frequency range for data transmission; transmitting, using the first transmission beam, a reference signal over the second frequency range concurrently with transmitting the synchronization signal block.

[0374] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, further comprising: transmitting, using the first transmission beam, data to a device over the first frequency range.

[0375] Aspect 3: The method of aspect 2, further comprising: determining, based at least in part on transmitting the synchronization signal block and the reference signal concurrently over the second frequency range using the first transmission beam, that data transmission to the device over the first frequency range will be interrupted; transmitting, to the device, an indication of the interruption prior to concurrently transmitting the synchronization signal block and the reference signal.

[0376] ​​Aspect 4: The method of any of aspects 1-3, wherein the plurality of transmit beams includes a second transmit beam assigned a second frequency range for data transmission, the method further comprising: transmitting, using the second transmit beam, a second synchronization signal block over a third frequency range; and transmitting, using the second transmit beam, a second reference signal over the third frequency range concurrently with the transmitting the second synchronization signal block.

[0377] Aspect 5: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising a processor, a memory coupled to the processor; the processor and the memory can be configured to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any of aspects 1-4.

[0378] Aspect 6: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing the method of any of aspects 1-4.

[0379] Aspect 7: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any of aspects 1-4.

[0380] Aspect 8: A method for wireless communication at a UE, comprising: receiving an indication of a set of reference signal resources for estimating one or more transmit beams of a plurality of transmit beams of a wireless node, the plurality of transmit beams being associated with a plurality of frequency ranges such that at least some of the plurality of transmit beams are associated with different frequency ranges of the plurality of frequency ranges; and receiving at least one reference signal based at least in part on the indication of the set of reference signal resources, the set of reference signal resources comprising a plurality of groups of reference signal resources, each group of reference signal resources comprising one or more reference signal resources, each of the plurality of groups of reference signal resources being associated with a respective frequency range and at least one transmit beam.

[0381] Aspect 9: The method of aspect 8, wherein the plurality of groups of reference signal resources overlap in the time domain, and wherein receiving the at least one reference signal comprises: receiving a first reference signal on a first frequency range associated with a first transmit beam, the first reference signal occupying a first reference signal resource included in a first group of reference signal resources; and receiving a second reference signal on a second frequency range associated with a second transmit beam concurrently with the receiving the first reference signal, the second reference signal occupying a second reference signal resource included in a second group of reference signal resources.

[0382] Aspect 10: The method of aspect 8, wherein the plurality of groups of reference signal resources are staggered in the time domain.

[0383] Aspect 11: The method of aspect 10, wherein the plurality of reference signal resource groups are separated by a threshold time period in the time domain, and wherein receiving the at least one reference signal comprises: receiving a first reference signal on a first frequency range associated with a first transmission beam, the first reference signal occupying first reference signal resources included in a first reference signal resource group; and after the threshold time period, receiving a second reference signal on a second frequency range associated with a second transmission beam, the second reference signal occupying second reference signal resources included in a second reference signal resource group.

[0384] Aspect 12: The method of aspect 8, wherein at least two reference signal resource groups overlap in the time domain, and other reference signal resource groups are interleaved in the time domain, the at least two reference signal resource groups including a first reference signal resource group and a second reference signal resource group.

[0385] Aspect 13: The method of aspect 12, wherein the first reference signal resource group is associated with a first transmission beam having a first coverage area, and the second reference signal resource group is associated with a second transmission beam having a second coverage area, the first coverage area being separated from the second coverage area by a third coverage area of a third transmission beam.

[0386] Aspect 14: The method of aspect 8, wherein each transmission beam of the one or more transmission beams is assigned a respective frequency range for data transmission, the method further comprising: associating each reference signal resource within a given frequency range with a transmission beam that is assigned a different frequency range for data transmission.

[0387] Aspect 15: The method of aspect 14, further comprising: on a first frequency range, receiving data associated with a first transmission beam that is assigned the first frequency range for data transmission; and on the first frequency range, receiving a reference signal associated with a second transmission beam that is assigned a second frequency range for data transmission.

[0388] Aspect 16: The method of any of aspects 14-15, further comprising: on a first frequency range, receiving data associated with a first transmission beam that is assigned the first frequency range for data transmission; and receiving an indication of a duration for which data transmission on the first frequency range will be interrupted.

[0389] Aspect 17: The method of any of aspects 8 through 16, further comprising: determining a spatial relationship between a first coverage area of a first transmission beam and a second coverage area of a second transmission beam, the first coverage area encompassing the UE; and receiving the at least one reference signal based at least on the spatial relationship, the at least one reference signal being associated with the second transmission beam.

[0390] Aspect 18: The method of aspect 17, further comprising: receiving, from the wireless node, an indication of the spatial relationship, the indication comprising a vector indicating transmission beams having coverage areas adjacent to the first coverage area.

[0391] Aspect 19: The method of any of aspects 17 through 18, further comprising: determining that reference signal resources associated with the first transmission beam and the second transmission beam are separated in a time domain, wherein the spatial relationship is based at least in part on determining that reference signal resources associated with the first transmission beam and the second transmission beam are separated in the time domain.

[0392] Aspect 20: The method of any of aspects 8 through 19, wherein the indication of the set of reference signal resources is signaled in a system information block or a radio resource control message.

[0393] Aspect 21: The method of any of aspects 8 through 20, wherein the set of reference signal resources is associated with a first pattern of estimating transmission beams, the method further comprising: receiving an indication of a second set of reference signal resources associated with a second pattern of estimating transmission beams; and receiving an indication of the first pattern or the second pattern.

[0394] Aspect 22: The method of any of aspects 8 through 21, wherein the wireless node comprises a satellite operating in a non-terrestrial network.

[0395] Aspect 23: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising a processor, a memory coupled to the processor; the processor and the memory can be configured to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any of aspects 8 through 22.

[0396] Aspect 24: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising at least one means for performing the method of any of aspects 8 through 22.

[0397] Aspect 25: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any of aspects 8 through 22.

[0398] Aspect 26: A method for wireless communication at a UE, comprising: receiving an indication of a plurality of reference signal resource sets for estimating a plurality of transmit beams of a wireless node, the plurality of transmit beams being associated with one or more frequency ranges; and receiving at least one reference signal based at least in part on the indication of the plurality of reference signal resource sets, the indication indicating, for each frequency range, a respective reference signal resource set for estimating one subset of the plurality of transmit beams associated with a different frequency range, the reference signal resource set comprising a plurality of reference signal resources, each reference signal resource within the frequency range and each reference signal resource being associated with at least one transmit beam of the subset.

[0399] Aspect 27: The method of aspect 26, wherein each reference signal resource in a given reference signal resource set is associated with a respective transmit beam and a respective reference signal.

[0400] Aspect 28: The method of aspect 26, wherein each reference signal resource in a given reference signal resource set is associated with a plurality of transmit beams and a plurality of reference signals.

[0401] Aspect 29: The method of any of aspects 26-28, further comprising: determining that a first transmit beam is assigned a first frequency range for data transmission; and determining that a second transmit beam is assigned a second frequency range for data transmission, wherein the at least one reference signal is associated with the second transmit beam and is received on the first frequency range, the reference signal occupying one or more reference signal resources of the reference signal resource set for the first frequency range.

[0402] Aspect 30: The method of any of aspects 26-29, further comprising: receiving, on a first frequency range, data associated with a first transmit beam assigned the first frequency range for data transmission; receiving an indication of a duration for which data transmission on the first frequency range will be interrupted.

[0403] Aspect 31: The method of any of aspects 26-30, wherein the plurality of reference signal resource sets are associated with a first pattern of estimating transmit beams, the method further comprising: receiving an indication of a second reference signal resource set associated with a second pattern of estimating transmit beams; and receiving an indication of the first pattern or the second pattern.

[0404] Aspect 32: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising a processor, a memory coupled to the processor; the processor and the memory can be configured to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any of aspects 26-31.

[0405] Aspect 33: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 26 through 31.

[0406] Aspect 34: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform a method of any of aspects 26 through 31.

[0407] Aspect 35: A method for wireless communication, comprising: determining a plurality of transmit beams are associated with a plurality of frequency ranges such that at least some of the plurality of transmit beams are associated with different ones of the plurality of frequency ranges; determining a set of reference signal resources for estimating the plurality of transmit beams, the set of reference signal resources comprising a plurality of reference signal resource groups, each reference signal resource group comprising one or more reference signal resources, each of the plurality of reference signal resource groups being associated with a respective one of the plurality of frequency ranges and one or more of the plurality of transmit beams; and transmitting, to a UE, an indication of the set of reference signal resources to estimate one or more of the plurality of transmit beams.

[0408] Aspect 36: The method of aspect 35, wherein the plurality of reference signal resource groups overlap in the time domain, the method further comprising: transmitting, using a first transmit beam, a first reference signal on a first reference signal resource included in a first reference signal resource group; and transmitting, using a second transmit beam and simultaneously with transmitting the first reference signal, a second reference signal on a second reference signal resource included in a second reference signal resource group.

[0409] Aspect 37: The method of aspect 35, wherein the plurality of reference signal resource groups are staggered in the time domain.

[0410] Aspect 38: The method of aspect 35 or 37, wherein the plurality of reference signal resource groups are separated by a threshold time period in the time domain, the method further comprising: transmitting, using a first transmit beam, a first reference signal on a first reference signal resource included in a first reference signal resource group; and after the threshold time period, transmitting, using a second transmit beam, a second reference signal on a second reference signal resource included in a second reference signal resource group.

[0411] Aspect 39: The method of aspect 35, wherein at least two reference signal resource groups overlap in the time domain and other reference signal resource groups are staggered in the time domain, the at least two reference signal resource groups comprising a first reference signal resource group and a second reference signal resource group.

[0412] Aspect 40: The method of Aspect 39, wherein the first set of reference signal resources is associated with a first transmission beam having a first coverage area, and the second set of reference signal resources is associated with a second transmission beam having a second coverage area, the first coverage area being separated from the second coverage area by a third coverage area of a third transmission beam.

[0413] Aspect 41: The method of Aspect 35, wherein each transmission beam is assigned a respective frequency range for data transmission, the method further comprising: associating each reference signal resource within a given frequency range with a transmission beam that is assigned a different frequency range for data transmission.

[0414] Aspect 42: The method of Aspect 41, further comprising: on a first frequency range, transmitting data to a second UE using a first transmission beam that is assigned the first frequency range for data communication; transmitting a reference signal on a second frequency range using the first transmission beam.

[0415] Aspect 43: The method of Aspect 42, further comprising: determining that transmitting the reference signal on the second frequency range using the first transmission beam interrupts data transmission to the second UE on the first frequency range; and transmitting an indication of a duration of the interruption to the second UE.

[0416] Aspect 44: The method of any of Aspects 35, 39, and 40, further comprising: determining a spatial relationship between coverage areas of the plurality of transmission beams; and transmitting an indication of the spatial relationship to the UE.

[0417] Aspect 45: The method of Aspect 44, wherein the indication comprises a vector indicating which transmission beams have adjacent coverage areas.

[0418] Aspect 46: The method of any of Aspects 35 to 40, wherein each set of reference signal resources comprises a pair of reference signal resources.

[0419] Aspect 47: The method of Aspect 46, further comprising: code division multiplexing a first reference signal transmitted on the pair of reference signal resources using a first beam with a second reference signal transmitted on the pair of reference signal resources using a second beam.

[0420] Aspect 48: The method of Aspect 46, further comprising: frequency division multiplexing a first reference signal transmitted on the pair of reference signal resources using a first beam with a second reference signal transmitted on the pair of reference signal resources using a second beam.

[0421] Aspect 49: The method of any of aspects 35 through 48, wherein the indication of the set of reference signal resources is signaled in a system information block or a radio resource control message.

[0422] Aspect 50: The method of any of aspects 35 through 49, wherein the set of reference signal resources is associated with a first pattern of estimating transmit beams, the method further comprising: determining a second set of reference signal resources associated with a second pattern of estimating transmit beams; and transmitting an indication of the second set of reference signal resources to the UE.

[0423] Aspect 51: The method of aspect 50, further comprising: selecting the first pattern or the second pattern based at least in part on a capability of the UE; and transmitting an indication of the first pattern or the second pattern to the UE.

[0424] Aspect 52: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising a processor, a memory coupled to the processor; the processor and the memory can be configured to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any of aspects 35 through 50.

[0425] Aspect 53: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing the method of any of aspects 35 through 50.

[0426] Aspect 54: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any of aspects 35 through 50.

[0427] Aspect 55: A method for wireless communication, comprising: determining a respective frequency range for each transmit beam of a plurality of transmit beams to be assigned for data transmission; determining, for each frequency range, a set of reference signal resources for estimating a subset of the transmit beams assigned different frequency ranges, the set of reference signal resources comprising a plurality of reference signal resources each located within the frequency range and each reference signal resource being associated with one or more transmit beams of the subset of transmit beams; and transmitting an indication of the set of reference signal resources to a UE for estimating the subset of transmit beams.

[0428] Aspect 56: The method of aspect 55, wherein each reference signal resource of the set of reference signal resources is associated with a respective transmit beam and a respective reference signal.

[0429] Aspect 57: The method of aspect 55, wherein each reference signal resource of the set of reference signal resources is associated with a plurality of transmit beams and a plurality of reference signals.

[0430] Aspect 58: The method of any of aspects 55 through 57, further comprising determining that a first frequency range is assigned to a first transmit beam for data transmission; and transmitting a reference signal on at least one reference signal resource of the set of reference signal resources in the first frequency range using a second transmit beam assigned a second frequency range for data transmission.

[0431] Aspect 59: The method of aspect 58, further comprising determining that data communications on the second frequency range will be interrupted during transmission of the reference signal on the first frequency range; and transmitting an indication of a duration of the interruption to a device receiving the data communications on the second frequency range.

[0432] Aspect 60: The method of aspect 58, further comprising transmitting a second reference signal on at least one reference signal resource of the set of reference signal resources in the first frequency range using a third transmit beam.

[0433] Aspect 61: The method of aspect 60, wherein the second reference signal is transmitted on a same set of reference signal resources as the reference signal.

[0434] Aspect 62: The method of aspect 60, wherein the second reference signal is transmitted on a different set of reference signal resources than the reference signal.

[0435] Aspect 63: The method of any of aspects 55 through 57, further comprising transmitting a first reference signal and a second reference signal on a plurality of reference signal resources of a set of reference signal resources for a third frequency range, the first reference signal transmitted using a first transmit beam assigned a first frequency range for data transmission, and the second reference signal transmitted using a second transmit beam assigned a second frequency range for data transmission.

[0436] Aspect 64: The method of aspect 63, wherein the first reference signal and the second reference signal are code division multiplexed or frequency division multiplexed.

[0437] Aspect 65: The method of any of aspects 57 through 64, wherein the set of reference signal resources is associated with a first pattern of estimating transmit beams, the method further comprising determining a second set of reference signal resources associated with a second pattern of estimating transmit beams; and transmitting an indication of the second set of reference signal resources to the UE.

[0438] Aspect 66: The method of aspect 65, further comprising: selecting the first mode or the second mode based at least in part on a capability of the UE; and transmitting an indication of the first mode or the second mode to the UE.

[0439] Aspect 67: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising a processor, memory coupled to the processor; the processor and the memory can be configured to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any of aspects 55-66.

[0440] Aspect 68: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing the method of any of aspects 55-66.

[0441] Aspect 69: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any of aspects 55-66.

[0442] Aspect 70: A method for wireless communication, comprising: determining a plurality of transmit beams, each transmit beam being assigned a respective frequency range for data transmission, the plurality of transmit beams including a first transmit beam assigned a first frequency range for data transmission; transmitting, using the first transmit beam, a synchronization signal block on a second frequency range; and transmitting, using the first transmit beam, a reference signal on the second frequency range concurrently with transmitting the synchronization signal block.

[0443] Aspect 71: The method of aspect 70, further comprising: transmitting data to a device using the first transmit beam on the first frequency range.

[0444] Aspect 72: The method of aspect 70 or 71, further comprising: determining, based at least in part on transmitting the synchronization signal block and the reference signal concurrently using the first transmit beam on the second frequency range, that data transmission to the device on the first frequency range will be interrupted; transmitting, to the device, an indication of the interruption prior to transmitting the synchronization signal block and the reference signal concurrently.

[0445] Aspect 73: The method of any of aspects 70-72, wherein the plurality of beams includes a second transmit beam assigned a second frequency range for data transmission, the method further comprising: transmitting, using the second transmit beam, a second synchronization signal block on a third frequency range; and transmitting, using the second transmit beam, a second reference signal on the third frequency range concurrently with transmitting the second synchronization signal block.

[0446] Aspect 74: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising a processor, a memory coupled to the processor; the processor and the memory can be configured to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any of aspects 70 through 73.

[0447] Aspect 75: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing the method of any of aspects 70 through 73.

[0448] Aspect 76: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any of aspects 70 through 73.

[0449] Aspect 77: A method for wireless communication at a UE, comprising: determining that a wireless node in communication with the UE has a plurality of transmit beams associated with a plurality of frequency ranges for communicating with the UE, such that at least some of the plurality of transmit beams are associated with different frequency ranges of the plurality of frequency ranges; receiving an indication of a set of reference signal resources for estimating the one or more transmit beams; and determining, based at least in part on the indication, that the set of reference signal resources comprises a plurality of groups of reference signal resources, each group of reference signal resources comprising one or more reference signal resources, each group of the plurality of groups of reference signal resources being associated with a respective frequency range and at least one transmit beam.

[0450] Aspect 78: The method of aspect 77, wherein the plurality of groups of reference signal resources overlap in the time domain, the method further comprising: receiving a first reference signal transmitted using a first transmit beam, the first reference signal occupying a first reference signal resource included in a first group of reference signal resources; and receiving a second reference signal transmitted using a second transmit beam concurrently with receiving the first reference signal, the second reference signal occupying a second reference signal resource included in a second group of reference signal resources.

[0451] Aspect 79: The method of aspect 77, wherein the plurality of groups of reference signal resources are interleaved in the time domain.

[0452] Aspect 80: The method of aspect 77 or 79, wherein the plurality of groups of reference signal resources are separated by a threshold time period in the time domain, the method further comprising: receiving a first reference signal transmitted using a first transmit beam, the first reference signal occupying a first reference signal resource included in a first group of reference signal resources; and receiving a second reference signal transmitted using a second transmit beam after the threshold time period, the second reference signal occupying a second reference signal resource included in a second group of reference signal resources.

[0453] Aspect 81 : The method of aspect 77, wherein at least two reference signal resource groups overlap in the time domain and other reference signal resource groups are staggered in the time domain, the at least two reference signal resource groups comprising a first reference signal resource group and a second reference signal resource group.

[0454] Aspect 82: The method of aspect 81, wherein the first reference signal resource group is associated with a first transmit beam having a first coverage area and the second reference signal resource group is associated with a second transmit beam having a second coverage area, the first coverage area being separated from the second coverage area by a third coverage area of a third transmit beam.

[0455] Aspect 83: The method of aspect 77, wherein each of the one or more transmit beams is assigned a respective frequency range for data transmission, the method further comprising: associating each reference signal resource within a given frequency range with a transmit beam that is assigned a different frequency range for data transmission.

[0456] Aspect 84: The method of aspect 83, further comprising: receiving, over a first frequency range, data transmitted using a first transmit beam assigned the first frequency range for data transmission; and receiving, over the first frequency range, a reference signal transmitted using a second transmit beam assigned a second frequency range for data transmission.

[0457] Aspect 85: The method of aspect 83, further comprising: receiving, over a first frequency range, data transmitted using a first transmit beam assigned the first frequency range for data transmission; and receiving an indication of a duration for which data transmission over the first frequency range will be interrupted.

[0458] Aspect 86: The method of any of aspects 77, 81, or 82, further comprising: determining a spatial relationship between a first coverage area of a first transmit beam and a second coverage area of a second transmit beam, the first coverage area encompassing the UE; and receiving a reference signal transmitted using the second transmit beam based at least in part on the spatial relationship.

[0459] Aspect 87: The method of aspect 86, further comprising: receiving an indication of the spatial relationship from the wireless node, wherein the indication comprises a vector indicating transmit beams having coverage areas adjacent to the first coverage area.

[0460] Aspect 88: The method according to aspect 86 further includes: determining that reference signal resources associated with the first transmit beam and the second transmit beam are separated in the time domain, wherein the spatial relationship is based at least in part on determining that the reference signal resources associated with the first transmit beam and the second transmit beam are separated in the time domain.

[0461] Aspect 89: The method according to any one of aspects 77 to 88, wherein the indication to the reference signal resource set is signaled in a system information block or radio resource control message.

[0462] Aspect 90: The method according to any one of aspects 77 to 89, wherein the reference signal resource set is associated with a first mode of the estimated transmit beam, the method further comprising: receiving an indication of a second reference signal resource set associated with a second mode of the estimated transmit beam; and receiving an indication of the first mode or the second mode.

[0463] Aspect 91: The method according to any one of aspects 77 to 90, wherein the wireless node includes a satellite operating in a non-terrestrial network.

[0464] Aspect 92: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising a processor and a memory coupled to the processor; the processor and the memory may be configured to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to any one of aspects 77 to 91.

[0465] Aspect 93: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one unit for performing the method according to any one of aspects 77 to 91.

[0466] Aspect 94: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the methods according to any one of aspects 77 to 91.

[0467] Aspect 95: A method for wireless communication at a UE, comprising: determining that a wireless node communicating with the UE has one or more transmit beams for communicating with the UE over one or more frequency ranges; receiving an indication for the plurality of reference signal resource sets for estimating a plurality of transmit beams, the plurality of transmit beams including the one or more transmit beams; and for each frequency range, determining a corresponding reference signal resource set for estimating a subset of the plurality of transmit beams associated with different frequency ranges, the reference signal resource set including a plurality of reference signal resources, each reference signal resource being associated with at least one transmit beam of the subset of transmit beams within the frequency range.

[0468] Aspect 96: The method of Aspect 95, wherein each reference signal resource in a given set of reference signal resources is associated with a respective transmit beam and a respective reference signal.

[0469] Aspect 97: The method of Aspect 95, wherein each reference signal resource in a given set of reference signal resources is associated with a plurality of transmit beams and a plurality of reference signals.

[0470] Aspect 98: The method of any of Aspects 95 to 97, further comprising: determining that a first transmit beam is assigned a first frequency range for data transmission; determining that a second transmit beam is assigned a second frequency range for data transmission; and receiving a reference signal transmitted using the second transmit beam on the first frequency range, the reference signal occupying one or more reference signal resources in the set of reference signal resources of the first frequency range.

[0471] Aspect 99: The method of any of Aspects 95 to 97, further comprising: receiving data transmitted using a first transmit beam assigned the first frequency range for data transmission on the first frequency range; and receiving an indication of a duration for which data transmission on the first frequency range will be interrupted.

[0472] Aspect 100: The method of any of Aspects 95 to 97, wherein the plurality of sets of reference signal resources are associated with a first pattern of estimating transmit beams, the method further comprising: receiving an indication of a second set of reference signal resources associated with a second pattern of estimating transmit beams; and receiving an indication of the first pattern or the second pattern.

[0473] Aspect 101: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising a processor, a memory coupled to the processor; the processor and the memory can be configured to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any of Aspects 95 to 100.

[0474] Aspect 102: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing the method of any of Aspects 95 to 100.

[0475] Aspect 103: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of any of Aspects 95 to 100.

[0476] Although aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems can be described with reference to the techniques described herein, it should be readily understood that the

[0477] Information and signals described herein can be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that can be referenced throughout the description can be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

[0478] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein can be implemented or performed with a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, a FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor can be any processor, controller, or microcontroller. The processor can also be implemented as a combination of a

[0479] The functions described herein can be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions can be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein can be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions can also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed as discrete components or

[0480] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and Blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0481] As used herein, including in the claims “or” as used in a list of items (for example, a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of’ or “one or more of’) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” can be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on.”

[0482] In the drawings, like reference numerals can be used to denote similar components throughout the several views. Further, various components of the same type can be distinguished from each other by following the convention of numbering them with the first numeral assigned to the component type followed by a dash and a second numeral demonstrating the particular instance of the component. If, in the specification, only the first numeral is used to refer to a component, then only that component and not its particular instance is being discussed.

[0483] The description set forth herein, in connection with the appended drawings, describes example configurations and does not represent all the examples that can be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term “example” used herein means “serving as an example, instance, or illustration,” and not “preferred” over other examples. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. These techniques, however, can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0484] The description herein is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to practice or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples described herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication, comprising: Using a first transmit beam assigned a first frequency range for data transmission, a synchronization signal block is transmitted on a second frequency range, the first transmit beam being included in a plurality of transmit beams, wherein the plurality of transmit beams are associated with a plurality of frequency ranges for data transmission, and wherein one or more of the plurality of transmit beams are associated with different frequency ranges among the plurality of frequency ranges; and Using the first transmit beam in the second frequency range, a reference signal is transmitted simultaneously with the transmission of the synchronization signal block, wherein the reference signal includes a channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS).

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Data is transmitted to the device using the first transmit beam within the first frequency range.

3. The method according to claim 2, further comprising: It is determined, at least in part, that data transmission to the device in the first frequency range will be interrupted, based on the simultaneous transmission of the synchronization signal block and the reference signal using the first transmission beam in the second frequency range. as well as Before simultaneously sending the synchronization signal block and the reference signal, an indication of the interruption is sent to the device.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The plurality of transmit beams includes a second transmit beam assigned the second frequency range for data transmission, and the method further includes: The second synchronization signal block is transmitted in the third frequency range using the second transmission beam; and Using the second transmission beam in the third frequency range, a second reference signal is transmitted simultaneously with the transmission of the second synchronization signal block.

5. A method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: Receive an indication of a reference signal resource set for estimating one or more of a plurality of transmit beams for a wireless node, wherein the plurality of transmit beams are associated with a plurality of frequency ranges, and wherein the one or more of the plurality of transmit beams are associated with different frequency ranges within the plurality of frequency ranges; and At least one reference signal is received based at least in part on the indication of the reference signal resource set, wherein the reference signal resource set comprises a plurality of reference signal resource groups, and wherein each of the plurality of reference signal resource groups comprises one or more reference signal resources and is associated with a corresponding frequency range and at least one transmit beam among the plurality of frequency ranges, wherein the at least one reference signal comprises a channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS), and wherein the at least one reference signal is received simultaneously with a synchronization signal block.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The plurality of reference signal resource groups overlap in the time domain, and wherein receiving the at least one reference signal includes: Receive a first reference signal in a first frequency range associated with a first transmit beam, the first reference signal occupying a first reference signal resource included in a first reference signal resource group; and While receiving the first reference signal, a second reference signal is received in a second frequency range associated with the second transmit beam, the second reference signal occupying a second reference signal resource included in the second reference signal resource group.

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The reference signal resource groups in the plurality of reference signal resource groups are interleaved in the time domain.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, Each of the plurality of reference signal resource groups is separated into threshold time periods in the time domain, and wherein receiving the at least one reference signal includes: Receive a first reference signal in a first frequency range associated with a first transmit beam, the first reference signal occupying a first reference signal resource included in a first reference signal resource group; and After the threshold time period, a second reference signal is received in a second frequency range associated with the second transmit beam, the second reference signal occupying a second reference signal resource included in a second reference signal resource group.

9. The method according to claim 5, wherein, At least two of the plurality of reference signal resource groups overlap in the time domain, and the other reference signal resource groups in the plurality of reference signal resource groups are interleaved in the time domain. The at least two reference signal resource groups include a first reference signal resource group and a second reference signal resource group.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein, The first reference signal resource group is associated with a first transmit beam having a first coverage area, and the second reference signal resource group is associated with a second transmit beam having a second coverage area, wherein the first coverage area and the second coverage area are separated from the third coverage area of ​​the third transmit beam.

11. The method according to claim 5, wherein, Each of the one or more transmit beams is assigned to a corresponding frequency range for data transmission, and the method further includes: Each reference signal resource within a given frequency range is associated with a transmit beam that is assigned a different frequency range for data transmission.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising: In a first frequency range, data associated with a first transmit beam that is assigned the first frequency range for data transmission is received; as well as In the first frequency range, a reference signal associated with a second transmit beam assigned a second frequency range for data transmission is received.

13. The method of claim 11, further comprising: In a first frequency range, data associated with a first transmit beam that is assigned the first frequency range for data transmission is received; as well as Receive an indication of the duration for which data transmission on the first frequency range will be interrupted.

14. The method of claim 5, further comprising: Determine the spatial relationship between a first coverage area of ​​a first transmission beam and a second coverage area of ​​a second transmission beam, wherein the first coverage area encompasses the UE; as well as The at least one reference signal is received at least in part based on the spatial relationship, and the at least one reference signal is associated with the second transmit beam.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising: The wireless node receives an indication of the spatial relationship, the indication of the spatial relationship including a vector indicating a transmission beam having a coverage area adjacent to the first coverage area.

16. The method of claim 14, further comprising: The reference signal resources associated with the first transmit beam and the second transmit beam are determined to be separated in the time domain, wherein the spatial relationship is at least in part based on the determination that the reference signal resources associated with the first transmit beam and the second transmit beam are separated in the time domain.

17. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The indication to the reference signal resource set is signaled in a system information block or radio resource control message.

18. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The reference signal resource set is associated with a first mode of the estimated transmit beam, and the method further includes: Receive an indication of a second set of reference signal resources associated with a second mode of the estimated transmit beam; and Receive an instruction for the first mode or the second mode.

19. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The wireless nodes include satellites operating in non-terrestrial networks.

20. A method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: Receive an indication of multiple sets of reference signal resources for estimating multiple transmit beams of a wireless node, wherein the multiple transmit beams are associated with one or more frequency ranges; and At least one reference signal is received based at least in part on the indication of the plurality of reference signal resource sets, the indication indicating, for each of the one or more frequency ranges, a corresponding reference signal resource set for estimating a subset of the plurality of transmit beams associated with different frequency ranges, wherein each corresponding reference signal resource set includes a plurality of reference signal resources, and wherein each of the plurality of reference signal resources is within the frequency range and associated with at least one transmit beam of the subset, wherein the at least one reference signal includes a Channel State Information (CSI) Reference Signal (CSI-RS), and wherein the at least one reference signal is received simultaneously with a synchronization signal block.

21. The method according to claim 20, wherein, Each of the plurality of reference signal resources is associated with a corresponding reference signal.

22. The method according to claim 20, wherein, Each of the plurality of reference signal resources is associated with a plurality of transmit beams and a plurality of reference signals.

23. The method of claim 20, further comprising: The first transmit beam is assigned a first frequency range for data transmission. as well as A second transmit beam is assigned a second frequency range for data transmission, wherein the at least one reference signal is associated with the second transmit beam, is received on the first frequency range, and occupies one or more reference signal resources for the first frequency range in the reference signal resource set.

24. The method of claim 20, further comprising: In a first frequency range, data associated with a first transmit beam that is assigned the first frequency range for data transmission is received; as well as Receive an indication of the duration for which data transmission on the first frequency range will be interrupted.

25. The method according to claim 20, wherein, The plurality of reference signal resource sets are associated with a first mode for estimating the transmitted beam, and the method further includes: Receive an indication of a second set of reference signal resources associated with a second mode of the estimated transmit beam; and Receive an instruction for the first mode or the second mode.

26. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: A unit for receiving an indication of a set of reference signal resources for estimating one or more of a plurality of transmit beams for a wireless node, wherein the plurality of transmit beams are associated with a plurality of frequency ranges, and wherein the one or more of the plurality of transmit beams are associated with different frequency ranges among the plurality of frequency ranges; and A unit for receiving at least one reference signal based at least in part on the indication of the reference signal resource set, wherein the reference signal resource set comprises a plurality of reference signal resource groups, and wherein each of the plurality of reference signal resource groups comprises one or more reference signal resources and is associated with a corresponding frequency range and at least one transmit beam in the plurality of frequency ranges, wherein the at least one reference signal comprises a channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS), and wherein the at least one reference signal is received simultaneously with a synchronization signal block.

27. The apparatus according to claim 26, wherein, The plurality of reference signal resource groups overlap in the time domain, and the unit for receiving the at least one reference signal further includes: A unit for receiving a first reference signal associated with a first transmit beam and occupying first reference signal resources included in a first reference signal resource group; and A unit for receiving, while receiving the first reference signal, a second reference signal associated with the second transmit beam and occupying second reference signal resources included in the second reference signal resource group.

28. The apparatus according to claim 26, wherein, The reference signal resource groups in the plurality of reference signal resource groups are interleaved in the time domain.

29. The apparatus according to claim 28, wherein, Each of the plurality of reference signal resource groups is separated by a threshold time period in the time domain, and the unit for receiving the at least one reference signal further includes: A unit for receiving a first reference signal associated with a first transmit beam and occupying first reference signal resources included in a first reference signal resource group; and A unit for receiving a second reference signal associated with the second transmit beam and occupying the second reference signal resources included in the second reference signal resource group after the threshold time period.

30. The apparatus of claim 26, further comprising an antenna, wherein, At least two of the plurality of reference signal resource groups overlap in the time domain, and the other reference signal resource groups in the plurality of reference signal resource groups are interleaved in the time domain. The at least two reference signal resource groups include a first reference signal resource group and a second reference signal resource group.

31. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: One or more memory units; as well as One or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and configured to cause the UE to perform the following operations: Receive an indication of a reference signal resource set for estimating one or more of a plurality of transmit beams for a wireless node, wherein the plurality of transmit beams are associated with a plurality of frequency ranges, and wherein the one or more of the plurality of transmit beams are associated with different frequency ranges within the plurality of frequency ranges; and At least one reference signal is received based at least in part on the indication of the reference signal resource set, wherein the reference signal resource set comprises a plurality of reference signal resource groups, and wherein each of the plurality of reference signal resource groups comprises one or more reference signal resources and is associated with a corresponding frequency range and at least one transmit beam among the plurality of frequency ranges, wherein the at least one reference signal comprises a channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS), and wherein the at least one reference signal is received simultaneously with a synchronization signal block.

32. The apparatus according to claim 31, wherein, The plurality of reference signal resource groups overlap in the time domain, and wherein, in order to receive the at least one reference signal, the one or more processors are configured to cause the UE to perform the following operations: Receive a first reference signal associated with the first transmit beam and occupying a first reference signal resource included in the first reference signal resource group; and While receiving the first reference signal, a second reference signal associated with the second transmission beam and occupying the second reference signal resource included in the second reference signal resource group is also received.

33. The apparatus according to claim 31, wherein, The reference signal resource groups in the plurality of reference signal resource groups are interleaved in the time domain.

34. The apparatus according to claim 33, wherein, Each of the plurality of reference signal resource groups is separated by a threshold time period in the time domain, and wherein, in order to receive the at least one reference signal, the one or more processors are configured to cause the UE to perform the following operations: Receive a first reference signal associated with the first transmit beam and occupying a first reference signal resource included in the first reference signal resource group; and After the threshold time period, a second reference signal associated with the second transmit beam and occupying the second reference signal resources included in the second reference signal resource group is received.

35. The apparatus of claim 31, further comprising an antenna, wherein, At least two of the plurality of reference signal resource groups overlap in the time domain, and the other reference signal resource groups in the plurality of reference signal resource groups are interleaved in the time domain. The at least two reference signal resource groups include a first reference signal resource group and a second reference signal resource group.

36. The apparatus according to claim 35, wherein, The first reference signal resource group is associated with a first transmit beam having a first coverage area, and the second reference signal resource group is associated with a second transmit beam having a second coverage area, wherein the first coverage area and the second coverage area are separated from the third coverage area of ​​the third transmit beam.

37. The apparatus according to claim 31, wherein, Each of the one or more transmit beams is assigned to a corresponding frequency range for data transmission, and The one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to perform the following operations: Each reference signal resource within a given frequency range is associated with a transmit beam that is assigned a different frequency range for data transmission.

38. The apparatus according to claim 37, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to perform the following operations: In a first frequency range, data associated with a first transmit beam that is assigned the first frequency range for data transmission is received; as well as In the first frequency range, a reference signal associated with a second transmit beam assigned a second frequency range for data transmission is received.

39. The apparatus according to claim 37, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to perform the following operations: In a first frequency range, data associated with a first transmit beam that is assigned the first frequency range for data transmission is received; as well as Receive an indication of the duration for which data transmission on the first frequency range will be interrupted.

40. The apparatus according to claim 31, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to perform the following operations: Determine the spatial relationship between a first coverage area of ​​a first transmission beam and a second coverage area of ​​a second transmission beam, wherein the first coverage area encompasses the UE; as well as The at least one reference signal is received at least in part based on the spatial relationship, and the at least one reference signal is associated with the second transmit beam.

41. The apparatus according to claim 40, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to perform the following operations: The wireless node receives an indication of the spatial relationship, the indication of the spatial relationship including a vector indicating a transmission beam having a coverage area adjacent to the first coverage area.

42. The apparatus according to claim 40, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to perform the following operations: The reference signal resources associated with the first transmit beam and the second transmit beam are determined to be separated in the time domain, wherein the spatial relationship is at least in part based on the determination that the reference signal resources associated with the first transmit beam and the second transmit beam are separated in the time domain.

43. The apparatus according to claim 31, wherein, The indication to the reference signal resource set is signaled in a system information block or radio resource control message.

44. The apparatus according to claim 31, wherein, The reference signal resource set is associated with a first mode for estimating the transmitted beam, and wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to perform the following operations: Receive an indication of a second set of reference signal resources associated with a second mode of the estimated transmit beam; and Receive an instruction for the first mode or the second mode.

45. The apparatus according to claim 31, wherein, The wireless nodes include satellites operating in non-terrestrial networks.

46. ​​An apparatus for wireless communication at a wireless node, comprising: One or more memory units; as well as One or more processors, coupled to the one or more memories, and configured to cause the wireless node to perform the following operations: Using a first transmit beam assigned a first frequency range for data transmission, a synchronization signal block is transmitted on a second frequency range, the first transmit beam being included in a plurality of transmit beams, wherein the plurality of transmit beams are associated with a plurality of frequency ranges for data transmission, and wherein one or more of the plurality of transmit beams are associated with different frequency ranges among the plurality of frequency ranges; and Using the first transmit beam in the second frequency range, a reference signal is transmitted simultaneously with the transmission of the synchronization signal block, wherein the reference signal includes a channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS).

47. The apparatus according to claim 46, wherein, The one or more processors are also configured to cause the wireless node to perform the following operations: Data is transmitted to the device using the first transmit beam within the first frequency range.

48. The apparatus according to claim 47, wherein, The one or more processors are also configured to cause the wireless node to perform the following operations: It is determined, at least in part, that data transmission to the device in the first frequency range will be interrupted, based on the simultaneous transmission of the synchronization signal block and the reference signal using the first transmission beam in the second frequency range. as well as Before simultaneously sending the synchronization signal block and the reference signal, an indication of the interruption is sent to the device.

49. The apparatus according to claim 46, wherein, The plurality of transmit beams includes a second transmit beam assigned the second frequency range for data transmission, and wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the wireless node to perform the following operations: Transmit a second synchronization signal block in a third frequency range via the second transmission beam; and The second reference signal is transmitted simultaneously with the transmission of the second synchronization signal block in the third frequency range via the second transmission beam.

50. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a wireless node, the code including instructions executable by one or more processors to cause the wireless node to perform the following operations: Using a first transmit beam assigned a first frequency range for data transmission, a synchronization signal block is transmitted in a second frequency range, wherein the first transmit beam is included among a plurality of transmit beams, wherein... The plurality of transmit beams are associated with a plurality of frequency ranges for data transmission, and wherein one or more of the plurality of transmit beams are associated with different frequency ranges within the plurality of frequency ranges; and Using the first transmit beam in the second frequency range, a reference signal is transmitted simultaneously with the transmission of the synchronization signal block, wherein the reference signal includes a channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS).

51. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 50, wherein, The instructions can also be executed by one or more processors to cause the wireless node to perform the following operations: It is determined, at least in part, that data transmission to the device in the first frequency range will be interrupted, based on the simultaneous transmission of the synchronization signal block and the reference signal using the first transmission beam in the second frequency range. as well as Before simultaneously sending the synchronization signal block and the reference signal, an indication of the interruption is sent to the device.

52. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 50, wherein, The plurality of transmit beams includes a second transmit beam assigned the second frequency range for data transmission, and wherein the instructions can also be executed by one or more processors to cause the wireless node to perform the following operations: Transmit a second synchronization signal block in a third frequency range via the second transmission beam; and The second reference signal is transmitted simultaneously with the transmission of the second synchronization signal block in the third frequency range via the second transmission beam.

53. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the code including instructions executable by one or more processors to cause the UE to perform the following operations: Receive an indication of a set of reference signal resources for one or more of a plurality of transmit beams used to estimate the wireless node, wherein, The plurality of transmitted beams are associated with a plurality of frequency ranges, and wherein one or more of the plurality of transmitted beams are associated with different frequency ranges within the plurality of frequency ranges; and At least one reference signal is received based at least in part on the indication of the reference signal resource set, wherein the reference signal resource set comprises a plurality of reference signal resource groups, and wherein each of the plurality of reference signal resource groups comprises one or more reference signal resources and is associated with a corresponding frequency range and at least one transmit beam among the plurality of frequency ranges, wherein the at least one reference signal comprises a channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS), and wherein the at least one reference signal is received simultaneously with a synchronization signal block.

54. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 53, wherein, The plurality of reference signal resource groups overlap in the time domain, and wherein, in order to receive the at least one reference signal, the instruction can be executed by one or more processors to cause the UE to perform the following operations: Receive a first reference signal associated with the first transmit beam and occupying a first reference signal resource included in the first reference signal resource group; and While receiving the first reference signal, a second reference signal associated with the second transmission beam and occupying the second reference signal resource included in the second reference signal resource group is also received.

55. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 53, wherein, The reference signal resource groups in the plurality of reference signal resource groups are interleaved in the time domain and separated by threshold time periods in the time domain, and wherein, in order to receive the at least one reference signal, the instruction can be executed by one or more processors to cause the UE to perform the following operations: Receive a first reference signal associated with the first transmit beam and occupying a first reference signal resource included in the first reference signal resource group; and After the threshold time period, a second reference signal associated with the second transmit beam and occupying the second reference signal resources included in the second reference signal resource group is received.

56. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 53, wherein, At least two of the plurality of reference signal resource groups overlap in the time domain, and the other reference signal resource groups in the plurality of reference signal resource groups are interleaved in the time domain, wherein the at least two reference signal resource groups include a first reference signal resource group and a second reference signal resource group.

57. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: One or more memory units; as well as One or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and configured to cause the UE to perform the following operations: Receive an indication of multiple sets of reference signal resources for estimating multiple transmit beams of a wireless node, wherein the multiple transmit beams are associated with one or more frequency ranges; and At least one reference signal is received based at least in part on the indication of the plurality of reference signal resource sets, the indication indicating, for each of the one or more frequency ranges, a corresponding reference signal resource set for estimating a subset of the plurality of transmit beams associated with different frequency ranges, wherein each corresponding reference signal resource set includes a plurality of reference signal resources, and wherein each of the plurality of reference signal resources is within the frequency range and associated with at least one transmit beam of the subset, wherein the at least one reference signal includes a Channel State Information (CSI) Reference Signal (CSI-RS), and wherein the at least one reference signal is received simultaneously with a synchronization signal block.

58. The apparatus according to claim 57, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to perform the following operations: The first transmit beam is assigned a first frequency range for data transmission; and A second transmit beam is assigned a second frequency range for data transmission, wherein the at least one reference signal is associated with the second transmit beam, is received on the first frequency range, and occupies one or more reference signal resources for the first frequency range in the reference signal resource set.

59. The apparatus according to claim 57, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to perform the following operations: In a first frequency range, data associated with a first transmit beam that is assigned the first frequency range for data transmission is received; as well as Receive an indication of the duration for which data transmission on the first frequency range will be interrupted.

60. The apparatus according to claim 57, wherein, The plurality of reference signal resource sets are associated with a first mode for estimating the transmitted beam, and wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the UE to perform the following operations: Receive an indication of a second set of reference signal resources associated with a second mode of the estimated transmit beam; and Receive an instruction for the first mode or the second mode.

61. The apparatus according to claim 57, wherein, Each of the plurality of reference signal resources is associated with a corresponding reference signal.

62. The apparatus according to claim 57, wherein, Each of the plurality of reference signal resources is associated with a plurality of transmit beams and a plurality of reference signals.

63. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the code including instructions executable by one or more processors to cause the UE to perform the following operations: Receive indications of multiple sets of reference signal resources for estimating multiple transmit beams of a wireless node, wherein, The plurality of transmission beams are associated with one or more frequency ranges; as well as At least one reference signal is received based at least in part on the indication of the plurality of reference signal resource sets, the indication indicating, for each of the one or more frequency ranges, a corresponding reference signal resource set for estimating a subset of the plurality of transmit beams associated with different frequency ranges, wherein each corresponding reference signal resource set includes a plurality of reference signal resources, and wherein each of the plurality of reference signal resources is within the frequency range and associated with at least one transmit beam of the subset, wherein the at least one reference signal includes a Channel State Information (CSI) Reference Signal (CSI-RS), and wherein the at least one reference signal is received simultaneously with a synchronization signal block.

64. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 63, wherein, The instructions can be executed by one or more processors to cause the UE to perform the following operations: The first transmit beam is assigned a first frequency range for data transmission; and A second transmit beam is assigned a second frequency range for data transmission, wherein the at least one reference signal is associated with the second transmit beam, is received on the first frequency range, and occupies one or more reference signal resources for the first frequency range in the reference signal resource set.

65. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 63, wherein, The instructions can be executed by one or more processors to cause the UE to perform the following operations: In a first frequency range, data associated with a first transmit beam that is assigned the first frequency range for data transmission is received; as well as Receive an indication of the duration for which data transmission on the first frequency range will be interrupted.

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