Display device

Abstract

A display device, the display device comprising: a display panel configured to display an image; a first vibration module that vibrates the display panel at the rear surface of the display panel, the first vibration module including a first piezoelectric composite layer; and a second vibration module that vibrates the display panel at the rear surface of the display panel, the second vibration module including a second piezoelectric composite layer, wherein the first vibration module and the second vibration module have different shapes.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the invention patent application with the original application number 201911325270.9 (application date: December 20, 2019, invention title: Display Device). Technical Field

[0002] The present disclosure relates to a display device. Background Art

[0003] Generally, a display device is widely used as a screen for displaying images in various electronic products or household appliances, such as a television, a monitor, a notebook computer, a smart phone, a tablet computer, an electronic board, a wearable device, a watch phone, a mobile information device, a navigation device, or a mobile control display device. Generally, a display device may include a display panel for displaying an image and a sound device for outputting sound related to the displayed image. However, in the case of a general display device, the sound output from the sound device travels toward the rear side or the lower side of the display panel, and thus the sound quality may deteriorate due to interference from the sound reflected from the wall or the ground. Therefore, it is difficult to maintain the accuracy of sound transmission, which hinders user immersion.

[0004] For example, the sound device may be an actuator including a magnet and a coil. However, if a sound device including an actuator is applied to a display device, the disadvantage of the display device is that its thickness increases. Therefore, piezoelectric devices capable of achieving a small thickness have attracted great attention. Due to the brittleness of the piezoelectric device, the piezoelectric device may be easily damaged by an external force, thereby reducing the reliability of sound reproduction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Accordingly, the present disclosure relates to a display device that substantially avoids one or more problems caused by the limitations and disadvantages of the prior art.

[0006] One aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a display device that facilitates the expansion of the reproduction frequency band and improves the flatness of sound pressure by providing the same arrangement direction between a plurality of first parts in each of a plurality of sub-modules included in a vibration module, or by providing different arrangement directions between some first parts in the plurality of sub-modules included in the vibration module.

[0007] Another aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a display device that facilitates the expansion of the reproduction frequency band and improves the sound pressure of the low-pitched sound reproduction band by reducing the lowest pitch sound reproduction frequency using piezoelectric characteristics determined based on the arrangement direction of a piezoelectric material in each of a plurality of sub-modules included in a vibration module and the structure of a display panel serving as a vibration plate.

[0008] Another aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a display device that facilitates improving the flatness of sound pressure by changing the resonance frequency in each of a plurality of vibration modules by using a plate disposed between the display panel and some of the plurality of vibration modules.

[0009] Additional features and aspects will be set forth in the following description, and in part will be apparent from the description, or can be learned from the practice of the inventive concept provided herein. Other features and aspects of the inventive concept can be realized and attained by the structures specifically pointed out or derivable from the written description, the claims, and the drawings thereof.

[0010] To achieve these and other aspects of the inventive concept, as specifically implemented and broadly described, there is provided a display device including: a display panel configured to display an image; and at least one vibration module on a rear surface of the display panel, the at least one vibration module including a piezoelectric composite layer including a plurality of sub-modules configured to vibrate the display panel, each of the plurality of sub-modules including: a plurality of first portions having piezoelectric properties; and a plurality of second portions having flexibility, each of the plurality of second portions being located between pairs of the plurality of first portions, wherein the plurality of first portions in each sub-module are arranged in the same direction or partially arranged in different directions.

[0011] In another aspect, there is provided a display device including: a display panel including a first region and a second region and configured to display an image; and a plurality of vibration modules on a rear surface of the display panel, the plurality of vibration modules being configured to vibrate the first region and the second region, each of the plurality of vibration modules including a piezoelectric composite layer including a plurality of sub-modules, each of the plurality of sub-modules including: a plurality of first portions having piezoelectric properties; and a plurality of second portions having flexibility, each of the plurality of second portions being between pairs of the plurality of first portions, wherein the plurality of first portions in each sub-module are arranged in the same direction or partially arranged in different directions.

[0012] For those skilled in the art, other systems, methods, features, and advantages will be obvious or will become obvious when studying the following drawings and detailed description. All these additional systems, methods, features, and advantages are intended to be included in this specification, within the scope of the present disclosure, and protected by the appended claims. Nothing in this section shall be construed as a limitation on these claims. Further aspects and advantages are discussed below in connection with embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the claimed present disclosure.

[0013] Supplementary Note 1. A display device, the display device comprising:

[0014] A display panel configured to display an image; and

[0015] At least one vibration module on the rear surface of the display panel, the at least one vibration module including a piezoelectric composite layer, the piezoelectric composite layer including a plurality of sub-modules configured to vibrate the display panel, each of the plurality of sub-modules including:

[0016] A plurality of first parts having piezoelectric properties; and

[0017] A plurality of second parts having flexibility, each of the plurality of second parts being located between pairs of the plurality of first parts,

[0018] wherein the plurality of first parts in each sub-module are arranged in the same direction or partially arranged in different directions.

[0019] Supplementary Note 2. The display device according to Supplementary Note 1, wherein

[0020] The plurality of first parts include non-flexible inorganic materials, and

[0021] The plurality of second parts include flexible organic materials.

[0022] Supplementary Note 3. The display device according to Supplementary Note 2, wherein the flexible organic material is configured to absorb impacts applied to the non-flexible inorganic material or the display device.

[0023] Supplementary Note 4. The display device according to Supplementary Note 1, the display device further comprising:

[0024] An adhesion member between the display panel and the at least one vibration module,

[0025] wherein the adhesion strength of the adhesion member on the plurality of second parts is greater than the adhesion strength of the adhesion member on the plurality of first parts.

[0026] Supplement 5. The display device according to Supplement 1, wherein each of the multiple first parts in each of the multiple sub-modules:

[0027] extends in a first direction on a plane; or

[0028] extends in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

[0029] Supplement 6. The display device according to Supplement 1, wherein

[0030] the multiple sub-modules include:

[0031] a first sub-module;

[0032] a second sub-module;

[0033] a third sub-module; and

[0034] a fourth sub-module; and

[0035] the first sub-module to the fourth sub-module are arranged in a 2×2 layout.

[0036] Supplement 7. The display device according to Supplement 6, wherein the multiple first parts in the first sub-module to the fourth sub-module are arranged in the same direction.

[0037] Supplement 8. The display device according to Supplement 6, wherein the arrangement direction of the multiple first parts in the first sub-module and the second sub-module is different from the arrangement direction of the multiple first parts in the third sub-module and the fourth sub-module.

[0038] Supplement 9. The display device according to Supplement 6, wherein the arrangement direction of the multiple first parts in the first sub-module and the third sub-module is different from the arrangement direction of the multiple first parts in the second sub-module and the fourth sub-module.

[0039] Supplement 10. The display device according to Supplement 1, the display device further includes a board between the display panel and the at least one vibration module.

[0040] Supplement 11. A display device, the display device includes:

[0041] a display panel including a first region and a second region, the display panel being configured to display an image; and

[0042] A plurality of vibration modules on the rear surface of the display panel, the plurality of vibration modules being configured to vibrate the first region and the second region, each of the plurality of vibration modules including a piezoelectric composite layer, the piezoelectric composite layer including a plurality of sub-modules, each of the plurality of sub-modules including:

[0043] A plurality of first parts having piezoelectric properties; and

[0044] A plurality of second parts having flexibility, each of the plurality of second parts being between pairs of the plurality of first parts;

[0045] wherein the plurality of first parts in each sub-module are arranged in the same direction or partially arranged in different directions.

[0046] Remark 12. The display device according to Remark 11, wherein the plurality of vibration modules include:

[0047] A first vibration module overlapping with the first region;

[0048] A second vibration module overlapping with the first region and arranged alternately or diagonally with the first vibration module;

[0049] A third vibration module overlapping with the second region; and

[0050] A fourth vibration module overlapping with the second region and arranged alternately or diagonally with the third vibration module.

[0051] Remark 13. The display device according to Remark 12, wherein

[0052] the arrangement direction of the plurality of first parts in the plurality of sub-modules in the first vibration module is the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of first parts in the plurality of sub-modules in the third vibration module; and

[0053] the arrangement direction of the plurality of first parts in the plurality of sub-modules in the second vibration module is the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of first parts in the plurality of sub-modules in the fourth vibration module.

[0054] Remark 14. The display device according to Remark 12, wherein the plurality of first parts in the plurality of sub-modules in each of the first vibration module and the second vibration module are arranged in the same direction.

[0055] Remark 15. The display device according to Remark 14, wherein each of the first vibration module to the fourth vibration module includes:

[0056] The first sub-module at the upper left of the piezoelectric composite layer;

[0057] The second sub-module at the upper right of the piezoelectric composite layer;

[0058] The third sub-module at the lower left of the piezoelectric composite layer; and

[0059] The fourth sub-module at the lower right of the piezoelectric composite layer.

[0060] Note 16. The display device according to Note 15, wherein the arrangement direction of the plurality of first parts in the first sub-module and the fourth sub-module in the first vibration module is different from the arrangement direction of the plurality of first parts in the second sub-module and the third sub-module in the first vibration module.

[0061] Note 17. The display device according to Note 15, wherein the arrangement direction of the plurality of first parts in the first sub-module and the third sub-module in the first vibration module is different from the arrangement direction of the plurality of first parts in the second sub-module and the fourth sub-module in the first vibration module.

[0062] Note 18. The display device according to Note 12, wherein the arrangement direction of the plurality of first parts in the plurality of sub-modules in the first vibration module is different from the arrangement direction of the plurality of first parts in the plurality of sub-modules in the second vibration module.

[0063] Note 19. The display device according to Note 11, wherein the plurality of vibration modules include:

[0064] A first vibration module overlapping with the first region;

[0065] A second vibration module adjacent to the first vibration module in the vertical direction on the plane;

[0066] A third vibration module overlapping with the second region; and

[0067] A fourth vibration module adjacent to the third vibration module in the vertical direction on the plane.

[0068] Note 20. The display device according to Note 19, wherein the arrangement direction of the plurality of first parts in the plurality of sub-modules in the first vibration module is different from the arrangement direction of the plurality of first parts in the plurality of sub-modules in the second vibration module.

[0069] Note 21. The display device according to Note 19, wherein each of the first vibration module to the fourth vibration module includes:

[0070] A first sub-module at the upper left side of the piezoelectric composite layer;

[0071] A second sub-module at the upper right side of the piezoelectric composite layer;

[0072] A third sub-module at the lower left side of the piezoelectric composite layer; and

[0073] A fourth sub-module at the lower right side of the piezoelectric composite layer.

[0074] Note 22. The display device according to Note 21, wherein the arrangement directions of the plurality of first parts in the first sub-module and the third sub-module in the first vibration module are different from the arrangement directions of the plurality of first parts in the second sub-module and the fourth sub-module in the first vibration module.

[0075] Note 23. The display device according to Note 11, wherein the plurality of vibration modules include:

[0076] A first vibration module overlapping with the first region;

[0077] A second vibration module adjacent to the first vibration module in the horizontal direction on the plane;

[0078] A third vibration module overlapping with the second region; and

[0079] A fourth vibration module adjacent to the third vibration module in the horizontal direction on the plane.

[0080] Note 24. The display device according to Note 23, wherein each of the first vibration module to the fourth vibration module includes:

[0081] A first sub-module at the upper left side of the piezoelectric composite layer;

[0082] A second sub-module at the upper right side of the piezoelectric composite layer;

[0083] A third sub-module at the lower left side of the piezoelectric composite layer; and

[0084] A fourth sub-module at the lower right side of the piezoelectric composite layer.

[0085] Note 25. The display device according to Note 24, wherein the arrangement directions of the plurality of first parts in the first sub-module and the third sub-module in the first vibration module are different from the arrangement directions of the plurality of first parts in the second sub-module and the fourth sub-module in the first vibration module.

[0086] Supplementary Note 26. The display device according to Supplementary Note 11, wherein the plurality of vibration modules include:

[0087] A first vibration module overlapping with the first region;

[0088] A second vibration module;

[0089] A third vibration module overlapping with the second region; and

[0090] A fourth vibration module,

[0091] wherein a plate is interposed between the display panel and each of the second to fourth vibration modules. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0092] The drawings may be included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure, and are incorporated into and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the specification, are used to explain various principles.

[0093] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a display device showing an embodiment according to the present disclosure.

[0094] Figure 2 is a rear view of a display device showing an embodiment according to the present disclosure.

[0095] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I' of Figure 2 the.

[0096] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a vibration module of a display device showing an embodiment according to the present disclosure.

[0097] Figure 5 Shows Figure 4 the piezoelectric composite layer of the vibration module shown.

[0098] Figure 6 is a plan view of a first embodiment of a vibration module in a display device showing an embodiment according to the present disclosure.

[0099] Figure 7 is a perspective exploded view of the vibration module of Figure 6 the.

[0100] Figure 8 is a plan view of a second embodiment of a vibration module in a display device showing an embodiment according to the present disclosure.

[0101] Figure 9 is a plan view of a third embodiment of a vibration module in a display device showing an embodiment according to the present disclosure.

[0102] Figure 10 It is a plan view showing a fourth embodiment of a vibration module in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0103] Figure 11 It is a plan view showing a fifth embodiment of a vibration module in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0104] Figure 12 Shows a vibration plate of a vibration module to which Figure 6 is attached.

[0105] Figure 13 Shows a vibration plate of a vibration module to which Figure 8 is attached.

[0106] Figure 14 It is a graph showing Figure 12 and Figure 13 the sound pressure levels of the vibration plates shown.

[0107] Figure 15 Shows a display device of a vibration module to which Figure 6 is attached.

[0108] Figure 16 Shows a display device obtained by additionally attaching a vibration module to Figure 15 the display device.

[0109] Figure 17 It is a graph showing Figure 15 and Figure 16 the sound pressure levels of the vibration plates shown.

[0110] Figure 18 It is a plan view showing a sixth embodiment of a vibration module in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0111] Figure 19 It is a plan view showing a seventh embodiment of a vibration module in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0112] Figure 20 It is a plan view showing an eighth embodiment of a vibration module in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0113] Figure 21 It is a plan view showing a ninth embodiment of a vibration module in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0114] Figure 22 It is a plan view showing a tenth embodiment of a vibration module in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0115] Figure 23is a graph showing the sound pressure level of the plate in the vibration module according to Figure 18 shown.

[0116] Figure 24 is a plan view showing a first embodiment of a plurality of vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0117] Figure 25 is a plan view showing a second embodiment of a plurality of vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0118] Figure 26 is a graph showing Figure 24 and Figure 25 the sound pressure level of the display device shown.

[0119] Figure 27 is a plan view showing a third embodiment of a plurality of vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0120] Figure 28 is a plan view showing a fourth embodiment of a plurality of vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0121] Figure 29 is a plan view showing a fifth embodiment of a plurality of vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0122] Figure 30 is a plan view showing a sixth embodiment of a plurality of vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0123] Figure 31 is a graph showing Figure 27 and Figure 28 the sound pressure level of the display device shown.

[0124] Figure 32 is a graph showing Figure 29 and Figure 30 the sound pressure level of the display device shown.

[0125] Figure 33 is a plan view showing a seventh embodiment of a plurality of vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0126] Figure 34 is a plan view showing an eighth embodiment of a plurality of vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0127] Figure 35It is a plan view of a ninth embodiment showing a plurality of vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0128] Figure 36 It is a plan view of a tenth embodiment showing a plurality of vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0129] Figure 37 It is a plan view of an eleventh embodiment showing a plurality of vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0130] Figure 38 It is a plan view of a twelfth embodiment showing a plurality of vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0131] Throughout the drawings and the detailed description, unless otherwise described, the same reference numerals should be understood to represent the same elements, features, and structures. For clarity, illustration, and convenience, the relative dimensions and depictions of these elements may be exaggerated. Detailed Description

[0132] Now, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail, examples of which may be shown in the drawings. In the following description, when a detailed description of a well-known function or configuration related to this document is determined to unnecessarily obscure the gist of the inventive concept, its detailed description will be omitted. The processes of the described processing steps and / or operations are examples; however, except for steps and / or operations that must occur in a specific order, the order of steps and / or operations is not limited to the order set forth herein and may be changed as known in the art. Similar reference numerals always refer to similar elements. The names of the various elements used in the following description are only selected for convenience in writing the specification and may thus be different from those used in actual products.

[0133] It will be understood that although the terms "first", "second", etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, the first element may be referred to as the second element, and similarly, the second element may be referred to as the first element.

[0134] The term "at least one" should be understood to include any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items. For example, the meaning of "at least one of the first item, the second item, and the third item" represents all combinations of two or more of the first item, the second item, and the third item, as well as the first item, the second item, or the third item.

[0135] In the description of the embodiments, when a structure is described as being "on or above" or "under or below" another structure, such description shall be construed to include cases where the structures are in contact with each other and cases where a third structure is disposed between them. The dimensions and thicknesses of the respective elements shown in the drawings are given only for convenience of description, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0136] As can be fully understood by those skilled in the art, the features of the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be partially or wholly coupled or combined with each other, and may interoperate with each other differently and be technically driven. The embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented independently of each other, or may be implemented together in a mutually dependent relationship.

[0137] In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a display device may include a liquid crystal module (LCM) (including a display panel and a driver for driving the display panel), an organic light emitting display module (OLED), and a quantum dot module (QD). Additionally, a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a device display, a complete product or end product including an LCM, an OLED, or a QD module (e.g., a notebook computer, a television, a computer monitor, an automotive display, or a vehicle display), and a set of electronic devices or a set of devices (a set of equipment) (e.g., a mobile electronic device such as a smart phone or an electronic board).

[0138] The display panel for the embodiments of the present disclosure may be any type of display panel, such as a liquid crystal display panel, an organic light emitting diode display panel, a quantum dot display panel, an electroluminescent display panel, etc., but the embodiments are not limited to these types. For example, the display panel may be any panel capable of generating sound according to the vibration of an actuator generated by sound. Additionally, the shape and size of the display panel are not limited.

[0139] For example, in the case of a liquid crystal display panel, it may include a plurality of gate lines, a plurality of data lines, and a plurality of pixels disposed at respective intersections of the gate lines and the data lines. Additionally, the liquid crystal display panel may include: an array substrate including thin film transistors corresponding to switching devices for controlling the light transmittance of respective pixels; an upper substrate including a color filter and / or a black matrix; and a liquid crystal layer formed between the array substrate and the upper substrate.

[0140] In the case of an organic light-emitting display panel, it may include a plurality of gate lines, a plurality of data lines, and a plurality of pixels disposed at respective intersections of the gate lines and the data lines. Additionally, the organic light-emitting display panel may include: an array substrate including thin-film transistors corresponding to devices for selectively applying voltage to respective pixels; an organic light-emitting device layer on the array substrate; and a package substrate on the array substrate covering the organic light-emitting device layer. The package substrate protects the thin-film transistors and the organic light-emitting device layer from external shocks and prevents or blocks water or oxygen from penetrating into the organic light-emitting device layer. Additionally, the layer disposed on the array substrate may include an inorganic light-emitting layer such as a nano-sized material layer or quantum dots, or may include micro light-emitting diodes.

[0141] Hereinafter, a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. When adding reference numerals to elements of each drawing, although the same elements are shown in other drawings, the same reference numerals may represent the same elements.

[0142] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the display device may extend the reproduction band and improve the flatness of sound pressure by providing the same arrangement direction between a plurality of first parts in each of a plurality of sub-modules included in the vibration module, or by providing different arrangement directions between some of the first parts in the plurality of sub-modules included in the vibration module.

[0143] The display device may extend the reproduction band and improve the sound pressure of the low-pitched sound reproduction band by reducing the lowest tone sound reproduction frequency using piezoelectric characteristics that can be determined based on the arrangement direction of piezoelectric materials in each of the plurality of sub-modules included in the vibration module and the structure of the display panel serving as a vibration plate.

[0144] The display device may improve the flatness of sound pressure by changing the resonance frequency in each of the plurality of vibration modules using a plate between the display panel and some of the plurality of vibration modules.

[0145] Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 is a rear view showing a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 is along Figure 2 a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I'.

[0146] Refer to Figures 1 to 3, the display device 10 may include a display panel 100, a vibration module 200, a structure 300, a fixing member 400, and a separator 500. The display panel 100 may display an image and may vibrate according to the driving of at least one vibration module 200, thereby directly outputting sound (SW) in the front direction (FD). The display panel 100 may vibrate according to the driving of at least one vibration module 200 such that no image is displayed thereon, thereby directly outputting sound (SW) in the front direction (FD). Accordingly, the display panel 100 may be used as a diaphragm or a speaker that directly generates sound (SW). For example, when the display panel 100 outputs sound (SW), the display panel 100 may be a diaphragm, a panel speaker, or a planar speaker capable of directly generating sound (SW). Accordingly, the display panel 100 may display an image and may also generate sound (SW).

[0147] The display panel 100 may be any type of display panel or a curved display panel, such as a liquid crystal display panel, an organic light emitting display panel, a quantum dot emission display panel, a micro light emitting diode display panel, and an electrophoretic display panel. For example, the display panel 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be any display panel capable of outputting sound waves (or sound) by vibrating according to the vibration module 200 or generating a haptic feedback in response to a touch, but is not limited to a specific display panel.

[0148] The display panel 100 may include a pixel circuit on a substrate (e.g., a base substrate) and a pixel array layer (e.g., a display portion) connected to the pixel circuit and including an anode, a cathode, and an emission layer. The display panel 100 may display an image according to the structure of the pixel array layer in a top emission type, a bottom emission type, or a dual emission type. For example, the anode may be referred to as a "first" electrode or a "pixel" electrode, but is not limited to these terms. The cathode may be referred to as a "second" electrode or a "common" electrode, but is not limited to these terms.

[0149] In this document, in the case of the top emission type, the light generated in the pixel array layer may be emitted in the front direction (FD, or the front of the display device) of the substrate of the display panel 100, whereby an image may be displayed. In the case of the bottom emission type, the light generated in the pixel array may be emitted to the outside through the back direction of the substrate (or the front of the display device), whereby an image may be displayed.

[0150] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the display device 10 may further include a functional film (not shown) attached to the display panel 100, for example, using a transparent adhesive member. Herein, the transparent adhesive member may include a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA), an optically clear adhesive (OCA), or an optically clear resin (OCR), but is not limited to these materials.

[0151] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the functional film may include an antireflection layer (or antireflection film) that can reduce or prevent reflection of external light to improve the contrast and outdoor visibility of an image displayed on the display panel 100. For example, the antireflection layer may include a circular polarization layer (or circular polarization film) configured to reduce, prevent, or block light reflected by thin film transistors and / or wires that may be disposed in the pixel array layer from advancing toward the outside.

[0152] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the functional film may include an optical path control layer (e.g., optical path control film) that can control the path of light emitted from the pixel array layer of the display panel 100 toward the external environment. The optical path control layer may include a structure formed by alternately depositing a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer, whereby the optical path control layer can change the path of light incident from the pixel array layer to minimize or reduce color shift according to the viewing angle. For example, the low refractive index layer may be on the uppermost layer of the optical path control layer.

[0153] The vibration module 200 may be on the rear surface of the display panel 100 to vibrate the display panel 100. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration module 200 may be specifically implemented as a film type configured to have piezoelectric characteristics, relatively high flexibility, and a small thickness. For example, the thickness of the vibration module 200 may be less than the thickness of the display panel 100, whereby a significant increase in the thickness of the display panel 100 due to the thickness of the vibration module 200 can be prevented. The vibration module 200 that can use the display panel 100 as a vibrating plate may be referred to as a "sound generation module", "sound generation device", "film actuator", "film type piezoelectric composite actuator", "film speaker", "film type piezoelectric speaker", or "film type piezoelectric composite speaker", but is not limited to these terms.

[0154] The vibration module 200 may vibrate through sound signals having various frequencies so that the display panel 100 having a specific frequency (or natural tone) can vibrate. For example, the vibration module 200 may vibrate according to a sound signal that can be synchronized with an image displayed on the display panel 100, thereby vibrating the display panel 100. Since the frequency of the input signal may be consistent with the natural frequency of the display device 10, the sound generated according to the vibration of the display panel 100 may have improved sound pressure level characteristics (SPL characteristics) and an extended sound reproduction range. According to another embodiment, the vibration module 200 may vibrate according to a haptic feedback signal (or touch feedback signal) that can be synchronized with a touch by a user on a touch panel in the display panel 100, thereby vibrating the display panel 100. Therefore, the display panel 100 may vibrate according to the vibration of the vibration module 200, and at least one of sound and haptic feedback may be provided to the user (or viewer).

[0155] The vibration module 200 may include a plurality of first parts 201 and a plurality of second parts 202. Each of the plurality of first parts 201 may include an inorganic material part. The inorganic material part may include an electroactive material. In the case of an electroactive material, when pressure or a torsional phenomenon is applied to the crystal structure due to an external force, a potential difference may be generated through dielectric polarization according to the relative positions of positive (+) ions and negative (-) ions, and vibration may be generated through an electric field according to a reversely applied voltage.

[0156] Each of the plurality of second parts 202 may be located between each pair of the plurality of first parts 201. The plurality of first parts 201 and the plurality of second parts 202 may be disposed (or arranged) in the same plane (or the same layer) while being parallel to each other. Each of the plurality of second parts 202 may fill a gap or space between two adjacent first parts 201 and may be connected or attached to the adjacent first parts 201. Accordingly, the vibration module 200 may have increased vibration energy due to the linking of the second parts 202 in the unit lattice of the first parts, thereby improving piezoelectric characteristics and flexibility. In the vibration module 200, the first parts 201 and the second parts 202 may be alternately arranged in the same plane along a first direction (X) such that a large-sized composite film (or an organic composite film and an inorganic composite film) having a single-layer structure may be formed, and the large-sized composite film may have flexibility due to the plurality of second parts 202.

[0157] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of second parts 202 may include an organic material part. Each of the plurality of second parts 202 may fill a gap or space between respective inorganic material parts. Since the organic material part may be disposed between respective inorganic material parts, a force applied to the inorganic material part (or the first part) may be absorbed to improve the overall durability of the vibration module 200 by releasing stress concentrated on the inorganic material part and to provide flexibility to the vibration module 200. According to another embodiment, each of the plurality of first parts 201 may include an organic material part, and each of the plurality of second parts 202 may include an inorganic material part.

[0158] Accordingly, the vibration module 200 of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include an inorganic material part (first part) and an organic material part (second part) in the same layer, whereby a force transmitted to the inorganic material part may be absorbed by the organic material part, thereby reducing, minimizing, or preventing damage to the inorganic material part due to an external force applied to the display device. In addition, a reduction or prevention of a vibration function (or sound efficiency) due to damage to the inorganic material part may be achieved.

[0159] In addition, the vibration module 200 of the display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include: a piezoelectric ceramic configured to ensure piezoelectric characteristics; and a polymer material disposed within the piezoelectric ceramic to achieve flexibility and impact resistance of the piezoelectric ceramic. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration module 200 may include a piezoelectric ceramic having a perovskite crystal structure such that the vibration module 200 can vibrate (or have mechanical displacement) in response to an externally applied sound signal. For example, if an alternating current (AC) is applied to the inorganic material portion (the first portion), the inorganic material portion may repeatedly contract and expand through the inverse piezoelectric effect, whereby the vibration module 200 can vibrate through a flexure phenomenon that alternately changes the flexure direction. Therefore, since the display panel 100 can vibrate according to the vibration of the vibration module 200, sound or haptic feedback can be provided to the user.

[0160] According to an embodiment, the vibration module 200 may be attached to one surface of the display panel 100 using an adhesion member 150 (e.g., a block adhesion member). The adhesion member 150 may be between the vibration module 200 and the rear surface of the display panel 100. For example, the adhesion member 150 may be a double-sided tape or an adhesive capable of providing good adhesion strength and bonding strength with the rear surface of the display panel 100 and the vibration module 200. The adhesion layer of the adhesion member 150 may include an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin (acryl), silicon, or urethane. The adhesion layer of the adhesion member 150 may also include additives such as an adhesive, a wax component, or an antioxidant. These additives may prevent or avoid the adhesion member 150 from separating (e.g., peeling) from the display panel 100 due to the vibration of the vibration module 200. The adhesive may be a rosin derivative, the wax component may be paraffin wax, and the antioxidant may be a phenol-based antioxidant (e.g., thioester). The embodiment is not limited to these materials. The adhesion strength of the adhesion member 150 on the plurality of second portions 202 is greater than the bonding strength of the adhesion member on the plurality of first portions 201. This can enhance the adhesion between the display panel 100 and the vibration module 200 even when the vibration module 200 or the display panel 100 is bent. In addition, the difference in adhesion strength may prevent or avoid the adhesion member 150 from separating (e.g., peeling) from the display panel 100 due to the vibration of the vibration module 200.

[0161] According to another embodiment, the adhesion member 150 may further include a hollow portion between the display panel 100 and the vibration module 200. The hollow portion of the adhesion member 150 may provide an air gap between the display panel 100 and the vibration module 200. This air gap may concentrate the sound wave (or sound pressure) according to the vibration of the vibration module 200 on the display panel 100, so that the vibration loss caused by the adhesion member 150 can be minimized or reduced, thereby improving the sound pressure level characteristics of the sound generated according to the vibration of the display panel 100.

[0162] The structure 300 may include a first cover part 310, a second cover part 330, and a third cover part 350. The first cover part 310 may cover the entire first surface (e.g., the entire rear surface) of the display panel 100, providing a gap space (GS) therebetween. For example, the first cover part 310 may be referred to as a "support member", "housing", "system cover", "lid", "rear cover", "bottom cover", "rear frame", or "chassis", but is not limited to these terms. The rear surface of the display panel 100 may be referred to as a "one" surface, "first" surface, "rear" surface, or "lower" surface, but is not limited to these terms.

[0163] The second cover part 330 may be connected to one end of the first cover part 310 and may cover the entire second surface (e.g., the entire side surface) of the display panel 100. According to an embodiment, the second cover part 330 may be specifically implemented in an additional intermediate frame to be connected to the first cover part 310. For example, the second cover part 330 specifically implemented in the intermediate frame may cover two side surfaces of the first cover part 310 and the side surface of the display panel 100. For example, the second cover part 330 specifically implemented in the intermediate frame may include the same material as the first cover part 310, or may include a different material from the first cover part 310.

[0164] The third cover part 350 may cover the non-display area of the display panel 100. According to an embodiment, the third cover part 350 may have a frame shape with an opening part overlapping the display area (AA) of the display panel 100. For example, the third cover part 350 may be connected to the first cover part 310 or the intermediate frame to cover the non-display area of the display panel 100, thereby supporting or fixing the display panel 100. Depending on whether the third cover part 350 may be located at the front edge or the front periphery of the display panel 100, the third cover part 350 may be directly exposed to the user (or viewer), thereby making it difficult to achieve a good appearance of the display device in terms of design, and the bezel width of the display device may increase. To overcome these problems, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a fixing member 400 may be provided to connect the display panel 100 and the first cover part 310 to each other, thus omitting (or removing) the third cover part 350, thereby reducing the bezel width of the display device and achieving a good appearance of the display device in terms of design.

[0165] However, the embodiments are not limited to the above structure. For example, the structure 300 may include a first cover part 310, a second cover part 330, and a third cover part 350 that may be formed integrally.

[0166] The fixing member 400 can connect the first cover part 310 and the second cover part 330 to the edge or periphery of the display panel 100. For example, the fixing member 400 can be located between the rear edge or rear periphery of the display panel 100 and the edge or periphery of the first cover part 310, so that the display panel 100 can be adhered to the first cover part 310. According to an embodiment, the fixing member 400 can be a double-sided tape, a single-sided tape, or a double-sided adhesive foam pad, but the embodiments are not limited to these types.

[0167] The separator 500 can be located between the display panel 100 and the first cover part 310. Thus, the separator 500, which can be disposed at a specific interval or distance from the vibration module 200, can surround the vibration module 200. The separator 500 can block the sound generated by the vibration module 200 and can advance in the opposite direction to the display panel 100. Therefore, the vibration generated by the vibration module 200 can be concentrated on the display panel 100 through the separator 500.

[0168] For example, the separator 500 can include polyurethane or polyolefin, but is not limited to these materials. According to another example, the separator 500 can include a single-sided tape or a double-sided tape. In another example, the separator 500 can include an elastic material.

[0169] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a vibration module of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 5 Shows Figure 4 the piezoelectric composite layer of the vibration module shown.

[0170] Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 and, the vibration module 200 can be flexible, so that the vibration module 200 can bend and vibrate according to a sound signal. For example, the vibration module 200 can vibrate according to a sound signal that can be synchronized with an image displayed on the display panel 100, so as to vibrate the display panel 100. According to another embodiment, the vibration module 200 can vibrate according to a haptic feedback signal (or touch feedback signal) that can be synchronized with a touch of a user on the display panel 100 or a touch panel provided in the display panel 100, so as to vibrate the display panel 100. Therefore, the display panel 100 can vibrate according to the vibration of the vibration module 200 and can provide at least one of sound and haptic feedback to the user (or viewer).

[0171] The vibration module 200 may include a piezoelectric composite layer (PCL), a first electrode layer 203, and a second electrode layer 204. The piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) may include a plurality of first portions 201 and a plurality of second portions 202. According to an embodiment, each of the plurality of first portions 201 may be a line pattern having a first length (d1), and the plurality of first portions 201 may be disposed at respective fixed intervals or distances corresponding to a second length (d2) along a first direction (X), and may be parallel to a second direction (Y) perpendicular to the first direction (X).

[0172] According to an embodiment, the first length (d1) in each of the plurality of first portions 201 and the second length (d2) in each of the plurality of second portions 202 may vary according to the position of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL). For example, as going from the central portion of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) to the edge or periphery of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL), the second length (d2) in each of the plurality of second portions 202 may gradually decrease.

[0173] For example, as the first length (d1) in each of the plurality of first portions 201 increases, the proportion of the first portions 201 in the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) may increase. As the second length (d2) in each of the plurality of second portions 202 increases, the proportion of the first portions 201 in the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) may decrease. As the first length (d1) in each of the plurality of first portions 201 increases, the sound pressure level characteristics of the vibration module 200 may be improved. As the second length (d2) in each of the plurality of second portions 202 increases, the flexibility of the vibration module 200 may be improved.

[0174] According to an embodiment, within a manufacturing error (or allowable error) generated for the manufacturing process, the plurality of first portions 201 may have the same dimensions (e.g., area, extent, or volume). According to another embodiment, the plurality of first portions 201 may have different dimensions (e.g., area, extent, or volume).

[0175] According to an embodiment, each of the plurality of first portions 201 may include an inorganic material or a piezoelectric material that can vibrate according to an electric field through the piezoelectric effect (or piezoelectric property). For example, each of the plurality of first portions 201 may be referred to as an "electroactive" portion, an "inorganic material" portion, a "piezoelectric material" portion, or a "vibrating" portion, but the embodiments are not limited to these terms.

[0176] According to an embodiment, each of the plurality of first parts 201 may include an electroactive material. In the case of an electroactive material, when pressure or a torsional phenomenon is applied to the crystal structure due to an external force, a potential difference may be generated through dielectric polarization according to the relative positions of positive (+) ions and negative (-) ions, and vibration may be generated by an electric field according to a reversely applied voltage.

[0177] For example, the inorganic material part included in each of the plurality of first parts 201 may include at least one of the following: lead (Pb), zirconium (Zr), titanium (Ti), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), and niobium (Nb), but the embodiment is not limited to these materials. According to another embodiment, the inorganic material part included in each of the plurality of first parts 201 may include one or more of the following: a PZT (lead zirconate titanate)-based material including lead (Pb), zirconium (Zr), and titanium (Ti), or a PZNN (lead nickel niobate)-based material including lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), and niobium (Nb), but the embodiment is not limited to these materials. Additionally, the inorganic material part may include at least one of calcium titanate (CaTiO3), barium titanate (BaTiO3), and strontium titanate (SrTiO3), which does not include lead (Pb), but the embodiment is not limited to these materials.

[0178] Each of the plurality of second parts 202 may be located between pairs of the plurality of first parts 201. The plurality of first parts 201 and the plurality of second parts 202 may be arranged (or disposed) on the same plane (or in the same layer) while being parallel to each other. Each of the plurality of second parts 202 may fill a gap or space between two adjacent first parts 201 and may be connected to or attached to the adjacent first parts 201. For example, each of the plurality of second parts 202 may be a line pattern having a second length (d2), and the plurality of second parts 202 may be parallel to each other such that each first part 201 may be located between pairs of the second parts 202. According to an embodiment, within a manufacturing error (or allowable error) generated for a manufacturing process, the plurality of second parts 202 may have the same size (e.g., area, range, or volume). According to another embodiment, the plurality of second parts 202 may have different sizes (e.g., area, range, or volume).

[0179] In the vibration module 200 of the display device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the inorganic material part (first part) and the organic material part (second part) may be in the same layer, whereby an external force applied to the display device may be absorbed by the organic material part, thereby reducing, minimizing, or preventing damage to the inorganic material part due to the external force applied to the display device. In addition, thereby reducing or preventing a decrease in the vibration function (or sound efficiency) due to damage to the inorganic material part.

[0180] The second part 202 may be the same as or different from the first part 201. For example, the size of each of the first part 201 and the second part 202 may be determined based on the vibration properties of the vibration module 200 and / or desired conditions (e.g., flexibility).

[0181] Compared with the inorganic material part of the first part 201, the organic material part of each of the plurality of second parts 202 may include an organic material with flexibility or an organic polymer with flexibility. For example, each of the plurality of second parts 202 may include an organic material, an organic polymer, an organic piezoelectric material, or an organic non-piezoelectric material. For example, each of the plurality of second parts 202 may be referred to as an "adhesive" part, "flexible" part, "bending" part, "damping" part, or "elastic" part with flexibility, but the embodiments are not limited to these terms. Depending on that the respective organic material parts may be located between pairs of inorganic material parts, the force applied to the inorganic material parts (or the first part) can be absorbed to improve the overall durability of the vibration module 200 by releasing the stress concentrated on the inorganic material parts, and flexibility can be provided to the vibration module 200.

[0182] Therefore, the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) may be formed in a thin film type obtained by repeatedly connecting the first part 201 of the inorganic material with piezoelectric characteristics and the second part 202 of the organic material with flexibility in an alternating manner. Thus, the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) may have a size corresponding to the size of the display panel 100 of the display device, or may have a size capable of realizing the preset sound properties or vibration properties in the display panel 100.

[0183] According to an embodiment, when the vibration module 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is realized according to the pattern shape of the organic material part and the inorganic material part, the size (or area) of the vibration module 200 may be expanded to any desired amount. Thus, the panel coverage of the vibration module 200 for the display panel 100 can be increased, thereby improving the sound properties according to the vibration of the display panel 100. The vibration module 200 can be made thin, thereby reducing or preventing an increase in the driving voltage. In addition, the vibration module 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be realized in a thin film type including an inorganic material part and an organic material part. Thus, the vibration module 200 can be integrated with the display device or mounted on the display device without any interference with other elements and / or structures of the display device.

[0184] The piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) can be polarized by applying a constant voltage to the first electrode layer 203 and the second electrode layer 204 in a constant temperature atmosphere. The first electrode layer 203 can be located on the first surface (or front surface) of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) and can be electrically connected to the first surface in each of the plurality of first portions 201. According to an embodiment, the first electrode layer 203 can include a transparent conductive material, a translucent conductive material, or an opaque conductive material. For example, the transparent or translucent conductive material can include indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO), but the embodiments are not limited to these materials. The opaque conductive material can include aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), gold (Au), silver (Ag), molybdenum (Mo), magnesium (Mg), and / or their alloys, but the embodiments are not limited to these materials.

[0185] The second electrode layer 204 can be located on the second surface (or back surface) opposite to the first surface of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) and can be electrically connected to the second surface in each of the plurality of first portions 201. According to an embodiment, the second electrode layer 204 can include a transparent conductive material, a translucent conductive material, or an opaque conductive material. For example, the second electrode layer 204 can include the same material as the first electrode layer 203.

[0186] The vibration module 200 can further include a first protective film 205 and a second protective film 206. The first protective film 205 can be located on the first electrode layer 203 to protect the first surface of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) or the first electrode layer 203. For example, the first protective film 205 can be a polyimide (PI) film or a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, but the embodiments are not limited to these materials.

[0187] The second protective film 206 can be located on the second electrode layer 204 to protect the second surface of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) or the second electrode layer 204. For example, the second protective film 206 can be a polyimide (PI) film or a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, but the embodiments are not limited to these materials.

[0188] Figure 6 is a plan view showing a first embodiment of a vibration module in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 7 is a schematic illustration of Figure 6 the exploded perspective view of the vibration module.

[0189] Referring to Figure 6 and Figure 7, at least one vibration module 200 may include a piezoelectric composite layer (PCL), a first electrode layer 203, and a second electrode layer 204. The piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) may include a plurality of sub-modules. Each of the plurality of sub-modules may include a plurality of first parts having piezoelectric properties and a plurality of second parts having flexibility, wherein each of the plurality of second parts may be located between pairs of the plurality of first parts.

[0190] The first electrode layer 203 may be located on a first surface (or front surface) of the plurality of sub-modules and may be electrically connected to the first surfaces of the plurality of first parts 201 in each of the plurality of sub-modules. For example, the integrally formed first electrode layer 203 may supply a sound signal to the plurality of first parts in each of the plurality of sub-modules. According to another embodiment, the first electrode layer 203 may include a plurality of first electrode layers corresponding to the plurality of sub-modules respectively, and each of the plurality of first electrode layers may supply a sound signal to the plurality of first parts in each of the plurality of sub-modules.

[0191] The second electrode layer 204 may be located on a second surface (or rear surface) of the plurality of sub-modules opposite to the first substrate and may be electrically connected to the second surfaces of the plurality of first parts provided in each of the plurality of sub-modules. For example, the second electrode layer 204 may include a common electrode as a single unit.

[0192] According to an embodiment, the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) may include first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240. The first sub-module 210 may be located at the upper left of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL). The first sub-module 210 may include a plurality of first parts 211 having piezoelectric properties and a plurality of second parts 212 having flexibility, wherein each of the plurality of second parts may be located between pairs of the plurality of first parts.

[0193] According to an embodiment, the plurality of first parts 211 in the first sub-module 210 may extend in a second direction (Y) in a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in a first direction (X). Each of the plurality of second parts 212 in the first sub-module 210 may be located between pairs of the first parts 211, and the plurality of second parts 212 may be parallel to the plurality of first parts 211. Thus, the plurality of second parts in the first sub-module 210 may extend in a second direction (Y) in a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in a first direction (X).

[0194] The second sub-module 220 may be located at the upper right of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL). The second sub-module 220 may include a plurality of first parts 221 having piezoelectric properties and a plurality of second parts 222 having flexibility, wherein each of the plurality of second parts 222 may be located between pairs of the plurality of first parts 221.

[0195] According to an embodiment, the plurality of first portions 221 in the second sub-module 220 may extend in a second direction (Y) on a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in a first direction (X). Accordingly, the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 221 in the second sub-module 220 may be the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 211 in the first sub-module 210.

[0196] The third sub-module 230 may be located at the lower left side of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL). The third sub-module 230 may include a plurality of first portions 231 having piezoelectric properties and a plurality of second portions 232 having flexibility, wherein each of the plurality of second portions 232 may be located between each pair of the plurality of first portions 231.

[0197] According to an embodiment, the plurality of first portions 231 in the third sub-module 230 may extend in a second direction (Y) on a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in a first direction (X). Accordingly, the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 231 in the third sub-module 230 may be the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 211 and 221 in the first sub-module 210 and the second sub-module 220.

[0198] The fourth sub-module 240 may be located at the lower right side of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL). The fourth sub-module 240 may include a plurality of first portions 241 having piezoelectric properties and a plurality of second portions 242 having flexibility, wherein each of the plurality of second portions 242 may be located between each pair of the plurality of first portions 241.

[0199] According to an embodiment, the plurality of first portions 241 in the fourth sub-module 240 may extend in a second direction (Y) on a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in a first direction (X). Accordingly, the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 241 in the fourth sub-module 240 may be the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 211, 221, and 231 in the first sub-module 210, the second sub-module 220, and the third sub-module 230.

[0200] Accordingly, each of the first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240 may include a plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 arranged in the same direction such that the same piezoelectric characteristics can be achieved and vibrations generated in another sub-module can be supplemented. As a result, the vibration module 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 arranged in the same direction such that the vibration area of the display panel 100 can be increased and a stereo effect can be achieved. Additionally, the display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a plurality of sub-modules additionally arranged in the first direction (X) or the second direction (Y) of the vibration module 200, whereby a large-sized vibration module for a large-sized display device can be achieved.

[0201] Figure 8 is a plan view showing a second embodiment of a vibration module in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0202] Referring to Figure 8 , at least one vibration module 200 may include a piezoelectric composite layer (PCL), wherein the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) may include first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240. The first sub-module 210 may be located at the upper left of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL). The first sub-module 210 may include a plurality of first portions 211 and a plurality of second portions 212.

[0203] According to an embodiment, the plurality of first portions 211 in the first sub-module 210 may extend in the first direction (X) on a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in the second direction (Y). Each of the plurality of second portions 212 in the first sub-module 210 may be located between pairs of the first portions 211, and the plurality of second portions 212 may be parallel to the plurality of first portions 211. Accordingly, the plurality of second portions in the first sub-module 210 may extend in the first direction (X) on a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in the second direction (Y).

[0204] The second sub-module 220 may be located at the upper right of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL). The second sub-module 220 may include a plurality of first portions 221 and a plurality of second portions 222.

[0205] According to an embodiment, the plurality of first portions 221 in the second sub-module 220 may extend in the first direction (X) on a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in the second direction (Y). Accordingly, the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 221 in the second sub-module 220 may be the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 211 in the first sub-module 210.

[0206] The third sub-module 230 may be located at the lower left side of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL). The third sub-module 230 may include a plurality of first parts 231 and a plurality of second parts 232.

[0207] According to an embodiment, the plurality of first parts 231 in the third sub-module 230 may extend in a first direction (X) on a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in a second direction (Y). Therefore, the arrangement direction of the plurality of first parts 231 in the third sub-module 230 may be the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of first parts 211 in the first sub-module 210 and the arrangement direction of the plurality of first parts 221 in the second sub-module 220.

[0208] The fourth sub-module 240 may be located at the lower right side of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL). The fourth sub-module 240 may include a plurality of first parts 241 and a plurality of second parts 242.

[0209] According to an embodiment, the plurality of first parts 241 in the fourth sub-module 240 may extend in a first direction (X) on a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in a second direction (Y). Therefore, the arrangement direction of the plurality of first parts 241 in the fourth sub-module 240 may be the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of first parts 211, 221, and 231 in the first sub-module 210, the second sub-module 220, and the third sub-module 230.

[0210] Therefore, each of the first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240 may include a plurality of first parts 211, 221, 231, and 241 arranged in the same direction so that the same piezoelectric characteristics can be achieved and the vibrations generated in another sub-module can be supplemented. As a result, the vibration module 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a plurality of first parts 211, 221, 231, and 241 arranged in the same direction so that the vibration area of the display panel 100 can be increased and a stereo effect can be achieved. In addition, the display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a plurality of sub-modules additionally arranged in the first direction (X) or the second direction (Y) of the vibration module 200, whereby a large-sized vibration module for a large-sized display device can be achieved.

[0211] Figure 9 is a plan view showing a third embodiment of a vibration module in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0212] Referring to Figure 9 , at least one vibration module 200 may include a piezoelectric composite layer (PCL), wherein the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) may include the first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240.

[0213] The first sub-module 210 may be located at the upper left of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL). The first sub-module 210 may include a plurality of first parts 211 and a plurality of second parts 212.

[0214] According to an embodiment, the plurality of first parts 211 in the first sub-module 210 may extend in a plane in the second direction (Y) and may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction (X). Each of the plurality of second parts 212 in the first sub-module 210 may be located between a pair of first parts 211, and the plurality of second parts 212 may be parallel to the plurality of first parts 211. Accordingly, the plurality of second parts in the first sub-module 210 may extend in a plane in the second direction (Y) and may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction (X).

[0215] The second sub-module 220 may be located at the upper right of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL). The second sub-module 220 may include a plurality of first parts 221 and a plurality of second parts 222.

[0216] According to an embodiment, the plurality of first parts 221 in the second sub-module 220 may extend in a plane in the first direction (X) and may be spaced apart from each other in the second direction (Y). Accordingly, the arrangement direction of the plurality of first parts 221 in the second sub-module 220 may be different from the arrangement direction of the plurality of first parts 211 in the first sub-module 210.

[0217] The third sub-module 230 may be located at the lower left of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL). The third sub-module 230 may include a plurality of first parts 231 and a plurality of second parts 232.

[0218] According to an embodiment, the plurality of first parts 231 in the third sub-module 230 may extend in a plane in the second direction (Y) and may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction (X). Accordingly, the arrangement direction of the plurality of first parts 231 in the third sub-module 230 may be the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of first parts 211 in the first sub-module 210 and may be different from the arrangement direction of the plurality of first parts 221 in the second sub-module 220.

[0219] The fourth sub-module 240 may be located at the lower right of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL). The fourth sub-module 240 may include a plurality of first parts 241 and a plurality of second parts 242.

[0220] According to an embodiment, the plurality of first portions 241 in the fourth sub-module 240 may extend in a first direction (X) on a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in a second direction (Y). Accordingly, the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 241 in the fourth sub-module 240 may be the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 221 in the second sub-module 220. The arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 241 in the fourth sub-module 240 may be different from the arrangement directions of the plurality of first portions 211 and 231 in the first sub-module 210 and the third sub-module 230.

[0221] Accordingly, the piezoelectric characteristics in the first sub-module 210 and the third sub-module 230 including the plurality of first portions 211 and 231 arranged in the second direction (Y) may be different from the piezoelectric characteristics in the second sub-module 220 and the fourth sub-module 240 including the plurality of first portions 221 and 241 arranged in the first direction (X). For example, the natural frequency (or natural tone) in the display panel 100 to which the sub-modules 210 and 230 including the plurality of first portions 211 and 231 arranged in the second direction (Y) are attached may be different from the natural frequency (or natural tone) in the display panel 100 to which the sub-modules 220 and 240 including the plurality of first portions 221 and 241 arranged in the first direction (X) may be attached. Accordingly, the display panel 100 to which the sub-modules 210 and 230 including the plurality of first portions 211 and 231 arranged in the second direction (Y) are attached and the display panel 100 to which the sub-modules 220 and 240 including the plurality of first portions 221 and 241 arranged in the first direction (X) are attached may receive the same input signal and may output sounds having different frequency characteristics. For example, the sound pressure in the display panel 100 to which the sub-modules 210 and 230 including the plurality of first portions 211 and 231 arranged in the second direction (Y) are attached and the sound pressure in the display panel 100 to which the sub-modules 220 and 240 including the plurality of first portions 221 and 241 arranged in the first direction (X) are attached may have peaks at different frequencies. Accordingly, the display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240, in which the first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 may be arranged in different directions such that the flatness of the sound pressure may be improved by supplementing the frequency characteristics of the sound pressure.

[0222] Figure 10 is a plan view showing a fourth embodiment of a vibration module in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0223] Refer to Figure 10, at least one vibration module 200 may include a piezoelectric composite layer (PCL), wherein the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) may include first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240. The first sub-module 210 may be located at the upper left of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL). The first sub-module 210 may include a plurality of first portions 211 and a plurality of second portions 212.

[0224] According to an embodiment, the plurality of first portions 211 in the first sub-module 210 may extend in the second direction (Y) in a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction (X). Each of the plurality of second portions 212 in the first sub-module 210 may be located between each pair of first portions 211, and the plurality of second portions 212 may be parallel to the plurality of first portions 211. Accordingly, the plurality of second portions in the first sub-module 210 may extend in the second direction (Y) in a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction (X).

[0225] The second sub-module 220 may be located at the upper right of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL). The second sub-module 220 may include a plurality of first portions 221 and a plurality of second portions 222.

[0226] According to an embodiment, the plurality of first portions 221 in the second sub-module 220 may extend in the second direction (Y) in a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction (X). Accordingly, the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 221 in the second sub-module 220 may be the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 211 in the first sub-module 210.

[0227] The third sub-module 230 may be located at the lower left of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL). The third sub-module 230 may include a plurality of first portions 231 and a plurality of second portions 232.

[0228] According to an embodiment, the plurality of first portions 231 in the third sub-module 230 may extend in the first direction (X) in a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in the second direction (Y). Accordingly, the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 231 in the third sub-module 230 may be different from the arrangement directions of the plurality of first portions 211 and 221 in the first sub-module 210 and the second sub-module 220.

[0229] The fourth sub-module 240 may be located at the lower right of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL). The fourth sub-module 240 may include a plurality of first portions 241 and a plurality of second portions 242.

[0230] According to an embodiment, a plurality of first portions 241 in the fourth sub-module 240 may extend in a first direction (X) on a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in a second direction (Y). Accordingly, the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 241 in the fourth sub-module 240 may be the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 231 in the third sub-module 230. The arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 241 in the fourth sub-module 240 may be different from the arrangement directions of the plurality of first portions 211 and 221 in the first sub-module 210 and the second sub-module 220.

[0231] Accordingly, the piezoelectric characteristics in the first sub-module 210 and the second sub-module 220 having a plurality of first portions 211 and 221 arranged in the second direction (Y) may be different from the piezoelectric characteristics in the third sub-module 230 and the fourth sub-module 240 having a plurality of first portions 231 and 241 arranged in the first direction (X). For example, the natural frequency (or natural tone) in the display panel 100 to which the sub-modules 210 and 220 including a plurality of first portions 211 and 221 arranged in the second direction (Y) are attached may have a different natural frequency (or natural tone) from that in the display panel 100 to which the sub-modules 230 and 240 including a plurality of first portions 231 and 241 arranged in the first direction (X) are attached. Accordingly, the display panel 100 to which the sub-modules 210 and 220 including a plurality of first portions 211 and 221 arranged in the second direction (Y) are attached and the display panel 100 to which the sub-modules 230 and 240 including a plurality of first portions 231 and 241 arranged in the first direction (X) are attached may receive the same input signal and may output sounds having different frequency characteristics. For example, the sound pressure in the display panel 100 to which the sub-modules 210 and 220 including a plurality of first portions 211 and 221 arranged in the second direction (Y) are attached and the sound pressure in the display panel 100 to which the sub-modules 230 and 240 including a plurality of first portions 231 and 241 arranged in the first direction (X) are attached may have peaks at different frequencies. Accordingly, a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240, in which the first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 may be arranged in different directions so that the flatness of the sound pressure may be improved by supplementing the frequency characteristics of the sound pressure.

[0232] Figure 11 is a plan view showing a fifth embodiment of a vibration module in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0233] Refer to Figure 11, at least one vibration module 200 may include a piezoelectric composite layer (PCL), wherein the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) may include first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240. The first sub-module 210 may be located at the upper left of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL). The first sub-module 210 may include a plurality of first portions 211 and a plurality of second portions 212.

[0234] According to an embodiment, the plurality of first portions 211 in the first sub-module 210 may extend in the second direction (Y) on a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction (X). Each of the plurality of second portions 212 in the first sub-module 210 may be located between each pair of first portions 211, and the plurality of second portions 212 may be parallel to the plurality of first portions 211. Accordingly, the plurality of second portions in the first sub-module 210 may extend in the second direction (Y) on a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction (X).

[0235] The second sub-module 220 may be located at the upper right of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL). The second sub-module 220 may include a plurality of first portions 221 and a plurality of second portions 222.

[0236] According to an embodiment, the plurality of first portions 221 in the second sub-module 220 may extend in the first direction (X) on a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in the second direction (Y). Accordingly, the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 221 in the second sub-module 220 may be different from the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 211 in the first sub-module 210.

[0237] The third sub-module 230 may be located at the lower left of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL). The third sub-module 230 may include a plurality of first portions 231 and a plurality of second portions 232.

[0238] According to an embodiment, the plurality of first portions 231 in the third sub-module 230 may extend in the first direction (X) on a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in the second direction (Y). Accordingly, the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 231 in the third sub-module 230 may be different from the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 211 in the first sub-module 210, and may be the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 221 in the second sub-module 220.

[0239] The fourth sub-module 240 may be located at the lower right of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL). The fourth sub-module 240 may include a plurality of first portions 241 and a plurality of second portions 242.

[0240] According to an embodiment, the plurality of first portions 241 in the fourth sub-module 240 may extend in a second direction (Y) on a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in a first direction (X). Accordingly, the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 241 in the fourth sub-module 240 may be the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 211 in the first sub-module 210. The arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 241 in the fourth sub-module 240 may be different from the arrangement directions of the plurality of first portions 221 and 231 in the second sub-module 220 and the third sub-module 230.

[0241] Accordingly, the piezoelectric characteristics in the first sub-module 210 and the fourth sub-module 240 including the plurality of first portions 211 and 241 arranged in the second direction (Y) may be different from the piezoelectric characteristics in the second sub-module 220 and the third sub-module 230 including the plurality of first portions 221 and 231 arranged in the first direction (X). For example, the natural frequency (or natural tone) in the display panel 100 to which the sub-modules 210 and 240 including the plurality of first portions 211 and 241 arranged in the second direction (Y) are attached may have a different natural frequency (or natural tone) from that in the display panel 100 to which the sub-modules 220 and 230 including the plurality of first portions 221 and 231 arranged in the first direction (X) are attached. Accordingly, the display panel 100 to which the sub-modules 210 and 240 including the plurality of first portions 211 and 241 arranged in the second direction (Y) are attached and the display panel 100 to which the sub-modules 220 and 230 including the plurality of first portions 221 and 231 arranged in the first direction (X) are attached may receive the same input signal and may output sounds having different frequency characteristics. For example, the sound pressure in the display panel 100 to which the sub-modules 210 and 240 including the plurality of first portions 211 and 241 arranged in the second direction (Y) are attached and the sound pressure in the display panel 100 to which the sub-modules 220 and 230 including the plurality of first portions 221 and 231 arranged in the first direction (X) are attached may have peaks at different frequencies. Accordingly, the display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes the first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240, and their first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 may be arranged in different directions so that the flatness of the sound pressure may be improved by supplementing the frequency characteristics of the sound pressure.

[0242] Figure 12 Shows a diaphragm to which Figure 6 the shown vibration module is attached.

[0243] Refer to Figure 12, the diaphragm 20a can receive the vibration of the vibration module 200 and output sound. In this text, the diaphragm 20a may include polyacrylate, but is not limited to this material. The diaphragm 20a may include any material having rigidity and elasticity that can receive vibration and output sound with a sound pressure exceeding a specific level. For example, the display panel 100 of the display device can be used as a diaphragm that can receive the vibration of the vibration module 200 and directly generate sound (SW).

[0244] According to an embodiment, the diaphragm 20a may include a short side parallel to the first direction (X) on a plane and a long side parallel to the second direction (Y) on the plane. The vibration module 200 may be attached to the rear surface of the diaphragm 20a including the long side parallel to the second direction (Y). The vibration module 200 may include a piezoelectric composite layer (PCL), wherein the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) may include first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240.

[0245] The arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 in each of the first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240 may be the same as Figure 6 the first embodiment of the vibration module 200 shown. Therefore, the plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 in each of the first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240 may be parallel to the long side direction of the diaphragm 20a.

[0246] Figure 13 Shows the diaphragm attached with Figure 8 the vibration module shown.

[0247] In this text, Figure 13 the structure of the diaphragm 20b may be the same as that of the diaphragm 20a of Figure 12 . Therefore, the shape, structure, material, and natural frequency of the diaphragm 20b without the attached vibration module may be the same as those of the diaphragm 20a without the attached vibration module of Figure 13 . Figure 12 the same as those in the diaphragm 20a.

[0248] Referring to Figure 13 , the diaphragm 20b can receive the vibration of the vibration module 200 and output sound. In this text, the diaphragm 20b may include polyacrylate, but is not limited to this material. The diaphragm 20b may include any material having rigidity and elasticity that can receive vibration and output sound with a sound pressure exceeding a specific level. For example, the display panel 100 of the display device can be used as a diaphragm that can receive the vibration of the vibration module 200 and directly generate sound (SW).

[0249] According to an embodiment, the diaphragm 20b may include a short side parallel to the first direction (X) on a plane and a long side parallel to the second direction (Y) on the plane. The vibration module 200 may be attached to the rear surface of the diaphragm 20b including the long side parallel to the second direction (Y). The vibration module 200 may include a piezoelectric composite layer (PCL), wherein the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) may include first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240.

[0250] The arrangement directions of the plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 in each of the first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240 may be the same as Figure 8 those shown in the second embodiment of the vibration module 200. Accordingly, the plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 in each of the first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240 may be parallel to the short side direction of the display panel 100.

[0251] Therefore, when Figure 8 the vibration module 200 shown is attached to Figure 13 the diaphragm 20b shown, Figure 13 the natural frequency of the diaphragm 20b shown may be different from Figure 12 the natural frequency of the diaphragm 20a shown. For example, the sound pressure level characteristics of the diaphragm may be determined based on the structural properties of the diaphragm and the arrangement direction of the piezoelectric material in the vibration module 200. Accordingly, the sound pressure level characteristics output from Figure 13 the diaphragm 20b shown may be different from the sound pressure level characteristics output from Figure 12 the diaphragm 20a shown. For example, Figure 12 and Figure 13 the diaphragms 20a and 20b shown have different arrangement directions in the plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 of the vibration module 200, whereby Figure 12 the sound pressure level characteristics of the diaphragm 20a shown may be different from Figure 13 the sound pressure level characteristics of the diaphragm 20b shown.

[0252] Figure 14 is a graph showing the sound pressure levels of the display panels shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 .

[0253] In Figure 14 , the x-axis is frequency (in hertz (Hz)) and the y-axis is sound pressure level (SPL) (in decibels (dB)). Referring to Figure 14 , the arrangement directions of the plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 in the vibration module 200 applied to Figure 12 the diaphragm 20a shown are different from those applied toFigure 13 The arrangement directions of the plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 in the vibration module 200 of the diaphragm 20b shown, whereby Figure 12 the sound pressure level characteristics of the diaphragm 20a shown may be different from Figure 13 the sound pressure level characteristics of the diaphragm 20b shown.

[0254] For example, in the case of Figure 12 the diaphragm 20a shown, a plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 parallel to the long side direction of the diaphragm 20a may be attached. In addition, in the case of Figure 13 the diaphragm 20b shown, a plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 arranged in the short side direction of the diaphragm 20b may be attached.

[0255] For example, in the frequency band from 2 kHz to 4 kHz, the frequency of the first peak (Peak1) of the sound pressure (SPL) output from Figure 12 the diaphragm 20a shown (shown as a solid line) may be different from the frequency of the second peak (Peak2) of the sound pressure (SPL) output from Figure 13 the diaphragm 20b shown (shown as a dashed line). In the frequency band from 9 kHz to 11 kHz, the frequency of the third peak (Peak3) of the sound pressure (SPL) output from Figure 12 the diaphragm 20a shown may be different from the frequency of the fourth peak (Peak4) of the sound pressure (SPL) output from Figure 13 the diaphragm 20b shown. Therefore, Figure 12 and Figure 13 the diaphragms 20a and 20b shown may have different arrangement directions from each other in the plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 of the vibration module 200, whereby Figure 12 the frequency characteristics of the diaphragm 20a shown may be different from Figure 13 the frequency characteristics of the diaphragm 20b shown.

[0256] Figure 15 A display device to which the Figure 6 vibration module shown is attached is shown.

[0257] Referring to Figure 15 , the display device 10a may receive the vibration of the vibration module 200 and may output sound. Herein, the display device 10a may be a mobile electronic device such as a smart phone or an electronic board, but is not limited to these devices. For example, the display device 10a may be an integrated electronic device or an integrated device (integrated equipment) capable of receiving vibration and outputting sound with a sound pressure exceeding a specific level. For example, the display device 10a may be used as a diaphragm capable of receiving the vibration of the vibration module 200 and directly generating sound (SW).

[0258] According to an embodiment, the display device 10a may include a short side parallel to the first direction (X) on a plane and a long side parallel to the second direction (Y) on the plane. The vibration module 200 may be attached to the rear surface of the display device 10a (or the rear surface of the rear cover) including the long side parallel to the second direction (Y). The vibration module 200 may include a piezoelectric composite layer (PCL), and the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) may include first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240.

[0259] The arrangement directions of the plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 in each of the first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240 may be the same as Figure 6 the first embodiment of the vibration module 200 shown. Accordingly, the plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 in each of the first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240 may be parallel to the long side direction of the display device 10a.

[0260] Figure 16 Shown is a display device obtained by additionally attaching a vibration module to Figure 15 the display device.

[0261] Herein, Figure 16 the structure of the display device 10b may be the same as Figure 15 the structure of the display device 10a. Accordingly, the shape, structure, material, and natural frequency in the display device 10b without the attached vibration module may be the same as those in the display device 10a without the attached vibration module. Figure 16 the display device 10a without the attached vibration module Figure 15 the display device 10a without the attached vibration module.

[0262] Referring to Figure 16 , the display device 10b may receive the vibration of the vibration module 200 and may output sound. Herein, the display device 10b may be a mobile electronic device such as a smart phone or an electronic board, but is not limited to these devices. For example, the display device 10b may be a set of electronic devices or a set of devices (a set of equipment) capable of receiving the vibration of the vibration module 200 and outputting sound with a sound pressure exceeding a specific level. For example, the display device 10b may be used as a vibration plate capable of receiving the vibration of the vibration module 200 and directly generating sound (SW).

[0263] According to an embodiment, the display device 10b may include a short side parallel to the first direction (X) on a plane and a long side parallel to the second direction (Y) on the plane. The vibration module 200 may be attached to the rear surface of the display device 10b (or the rear surface of the rear cover) including the long side parallel to the second direction (Y). The vibration module 200 may include a piezoelectric composite layer (PCL), and the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) may include first to sixth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, and 260.

[0264] According to an embodiment, the fifth sub-module 250 may be located on the first surface of the first sub-module 210, and the sixth sub-module 260 may be located on the first surface of the second sub-module 220. According to another embodiment, the fifth sub-module 250 may be located on the second surface of the third sub-module 230, and the sixth sub-module 260 may be located on the second surface of the fourth sub-module 240. Therefore, the fifth sub-module 250 or the sixth sub-module 260 may be adjacent to at least one of the first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240, but its position is not limited to the above.

[0265] The arrangement directions of the multiple first parts 211, 221, 231, and 241 in each of the first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240 may be the same as Figure 6 that of the first embodiment of the vibration module 200 shown. Therefore, the multiple first parts 211, 221, 231, and 241 in each of the first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240 may be parallel to the long side direction of the display device 10b.

[0266] The arrangement directions of the multiple first parts 251 and 261 in each of the fifth sub-module 250 and the sixth sub-module 260 may be different from the arrangement directions of the multiple first parts 211, 221, 231, and 241 in each of the first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240. Therefore, the multiple first parts 251 and 261 in each of the fifth sub-module 250 and the sixth sub-module 260 may be parallel to the short side direction of the display panel 100.

[0267] Therefore, in addition to Figure 15 the display device 10a shown, Figure 16 the display device 10b shown may further include a fifth sub-module 250 and a sixth sub-module 260, and Figure 16 the display device 10b shown may include first to sixth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, and 260, which include multiple first parts 211, 221, 231, 241, 251, and 261 arranged in different directions so that the flatness of the sound pressure can be improved by supplementing the frequency characteristics of the sound pressure.

[0268] Figure 17 is a graph showing Figure 15 and Figure 16 the sound pressure level of the display device shown.

[0269] In Figure 17 it, the x-axis is the frequency (in hertz (Hz)) and the y-axis is the sound pressure level (SPL) (in decibels (dB)). Referring to Figure 17 , in addition to Figure 15 the display device 10a shown, Figure 16 the display device 10b shown may further include a fifth sub-module 250 and a sixth sub-module 260. Therefore, the natural frequency (or natural tone) in the display device 10a including a plurality of first parts 211, 221, 231, and 241 arranged in the same direction may be different from the natural frequency (or natural tone) in the display device 10b in which some of the first parts 211, 221, 231, and 241 are arranged in a direction different from the other first parts 251 and 261. Therefore, Figure 15 the display device 10a shown and Figure 16 the display device 10b shown may receive the same input signal and may have different frequency characteristics.

[0270] For example, Figure 15 the display device 10a shown may output a sound with a relatively high sound pressure in a frequency band less than 1 kHz (shown as a solid line), but may output a sound with a relatively low sound pressure in a frequency band exceeding 1 kHz. Figure 16 The display device 10b shown may output a sound with a sound pressure similar to that of Figure 15 the display device 10a shown (shown as a dashed line) in a frequency band less than 1 kHz, and may output a sound with a sound pressure much higher than that of the sound from Figure 15 the display device 10a shown in a frequency band exceeding 1 kHz.

[0271] Referring to the above Figure 14, a plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 parallel to the long side direction of the display device 10b can output sounds having a frequency characteristic different from that of the sounds output from a plurality of first portions 251 and 261 parallel to the short side direction of the display device 10b. Therefore, the plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 parallel to the long side direction of the display device 10b and the plurality of first portions 251 and 261 parallel to the short side direction of the display device 10b can receive the same input signal and can have different frequency characteristics. Therefore, a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a plurality of sub-modules 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, and 260, which include a plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, 241, 251, and 261 arranged in different directions so that the flatness of the sound pressure can be improved by supplementing the frequency characteristic of the sound pressure.

[0272] Figure 18 is a plan view showing a sixth embodiment of a vibration module in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0273] Referring to Figure 18 , at least one vibration module 200 may include a piezoelectric composite layer (PCL), wherein the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) may include first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240. The arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 in each of the first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240 may be the same as that of the first embodiment of the vibration module 200 shown in Figure 6 the vibration module 200 shown.

[0274] In a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in addition to the vibration module 200 according to the first embodiment, the vibration module according to the sixth embodiment may further include a plate 290. The plate 290 may be located between the display panel 100 and at least one vibration module 200. According to an embodiment, the plate 290 may be connected to the display panel 100 and at least one vibration module 200, for example, by an adhesion member. The plate 290 may transfer the vibration of the vibration module 200 to the display panel 100. Therefore, the plate 290 may reduce the resonance frequency of the display panel 100 to which the vibration module 200 is attached by increasing the mass of the vibration module 200 so that the lowest tone sound range (or the lowest tone sound reproduction frequency) allowed for the reproduction of the display panel 100 to which the vibration module 200 is attached can be reduced, thereby improving the sound pressure in the low tone sound reproduction band and expanding the reproduction band. Therefore, the display device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a vibration module 200 having a plate 290, thereby improving the flatness of the sound pressure.

[0275] For example, the plate 290 may include a material including one or more of stainless steel, aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg) alloy, magnesium-lithium alloy, aluminum alloy, and polycarbonate (PC), but the embodiments are not limited to these materials. As a result, the display device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may achieve an increased vibration area and an improved stereo effect of the display panel 100 through the plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 arranged in the same direction, and may improve the flatness of the sound pressure by extending the reproduction frequency band using the plate 290.

[0276] Figure 19 is a plan view showing a seventh embodiment of a vibration module in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0277] Referring to Figure 19 , at least one vibration module 200 may include a piezoelectric composite layer (PCL), wherein the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) may include first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240. The arrangement directions of the plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 in each of the first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240 may be the same as Figure 8 the second embodiment of the vibration module 200 shown.

[0278] In a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in addition to the vibration module 200 according to the second embodiment, the vibration module according to the seventh embodiment may further include a plate 290. The plate 290 may be located between the display panel 100 and at least one vibration module 200. The plate 290 may reduce the resonance frequency of the display panel 100 to which the vibration module 200 is attached by increasing the mass of the vibration module 200, so that the lowest tone sound range (or the lowest tone sound reproduction frequency) allowed for the reproduction of the display panel 100 to which the vibration module 200 is attached may be reduced, thereby improving the sound pressure in the low tone sound reproduction frequency band and extending the reproduction frequency band. Accordingly, the display device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include the vibration module 200 including the plate 290, thereby improving the flatness of the sound pressure. As a result, the display device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may achieve an increased vibration area and an improved stereo effect of the display panel 100 through the plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 arranged in the same direction, and may improve the flatness of the sound pressure by extending the reproduction frequency band using the plate 290.

[0279] Figure 20 is a plan view showing an eighth embodiment of a vibration module in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0280] Referring to Figure 20, at least one vibration module 200 may include a piezoelectric composite layer (PCL), wherein the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) may include first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240. The arrangement directions of the multiple first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 in each of the first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240 may be the same as Figure 9 that shown in the third embodiment of the vibration module 200.

[0281] In a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in addition to the vibration module 200 according to the third embodiment, the vibration module according to the eighth embodiment may further include a plate 290. The plate 290 may be located between the display panel 100 and at least one vibration module 200. The plate 290 may reduce the resonance frequency of the display panel 100 to which the vibration module 200 is attached by increasing the mass of the vibration module 200, so that the lowest tone sound range (or the lowest tone sound reproduction frequency) that allows the reproduction of the display panel 100 to which the vibration module 200 is attached can be reduced, thereby improving the sound pressure in the low tone sound reproduction band and expanding the reproduction band. Therefore, the display device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include the vibration module 200 having the plate 290, thereby improving the flatness of the sound pressure.

[0282] As a result, the display device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include the multiple first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 arranged in different directions, so that the flatness of the sound pressure can be improved by supplementing the frequency characteristics of the sound pressure in each of the multiple sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240. Additionally, the display device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may further include the plate 290, so that the flatness of the sound pressure can be improved by reducing the lowest tone sound reproduction frequency and expanding the reproduction band.

[0283] Figure 21 is a plan view showing a ninth embodiment of a vibration module in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0284] Referring to Figure 21 , at least one vibration module 200 may include a piezoelectric composite layer (PCL), wherein the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) may include first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240. The arrangement directions of the multiple first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 in each of the first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240 may be the same as Figure 10 that shown in the fourth embodiment of the vibration module 200.

[0285] In a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in addition to the vibration module 200 according to the fourth embodiment, the vibration module according to the ninth embodiment may further include a plate 290. The plate 290 may be located between the display panel 100 and at least one vibration module 200. The plate 290 may reduce the resonance frequency of the display panel 100 to which the vibration module 200 is attached by increasing the mass of the vibration module 200, so that the lowest tone sound range (or the lowest tone sound reproduction frequency) that allows the reproduction of the display panel 100 to which the vibration module 200 is attached can be reduced, thereby improving the sound pressure in the low tone sound reproduction band and expanding the reproduction band. Accordingly, the display device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include the vibration module 200 having the plate 290, thereby improving the flatness of the sound pressure.

[0286] As a result, the display device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 arranged in different directions so that the flatness of the sound pressure can be improved by supplementing the frequency characteristics of the sound pressure in each of the plurality of sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240. In addition, the display device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a plate 290 so that the flatness of the sound pressure can be improved by reducing the lowest tone sound reproduction frequency and expanding the reproduction band.

[0287] Figure 22 is a plan view showing a tenth embodiment of the vibration module in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0288] Referring to Figure 22 , at least one vibration module 200 may include a piezoelectric composite layer (PCL), wherein the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) may include first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240. The arrangement directions of the plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 in each of the first to fourth sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240 may be the same as those of the fifth embodiment of the vibration module 200 shown in Figure 11 the vibration module 200 shown in

[0289] In a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in addition to the vibration module 200 according to the fifth embodiment, the vibration module according to the tenth embodiment may further include a plate 290. The plate 290 may be located between the display panel 100 and at least one vibration module 200. The plate 290 may reduce the resonance frequency of the display panel 100 to which the vibration module 200 is attached by increasing the mass of the vibration module 200, so that the lowest tone sound range (or the lowest tone sound reproduction frequency) allowed for the reproduction of the display panel 100 to which the vibration module 200 is attached can be reduced, thereby improving the sound pressure in the low tone sound reproduction band and expanding the reproduction band. Therefore, the display device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include the vibration module 200 having the plate 290, thereby improving the flatness of the sound pressure.

[0290] As a result, the display device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a plurality of first portions 211, 221, 231, and 241 arranged in different directions, so that the flatness of the sound pressure can be improved by supplementing the frequency characteristics of the sound pressure in each of the plurality of sub-modules 210, 220, 230, and 240. In addition, the display device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a plate 290, so that the flatness of the sound pressure can be improved by reducing the lowest tone sound reproduction frequency and expanding the reproduction band.

[0291] Figure 23 is a graph showing the sound pressure level of the structure of the plate in the vibration module shown according to Figure 18 the vibration module shown.

[0292] In Figure 23 , the x-axis is the frequency (in hertz (Hz)), and the y-axis is the sound pressure level (SPL) (in decibels (dB)). Referring to Figure 23 , the plate 290 may be located between the display panel 100 and at least one vibration module 200. The plate 290 may reduce the resonance frequency of the display panel 100 to which the vibration module 200 is attached by increasing the mass of the vibration module 200, so that the lowest tone sound range (or the lowest tone sound reproduction frequency) allowed for the reproduction of the display panel 100 to which the vibration module 200 is attached can be reduced, thereby improving the sound pressure in the low tone sound reproduction band and expanding the reproduction band. Therefore, the display device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include the vibration module 200 having the plate 290, thereby improving the flatness of the sound pressure.

[0293] For example, the first plate 290a may have a first thickness and may include aluminum (Al). The second plate 290b may have a second thickness (which may be twice as large as the first thickness) and may include polycarbonate (PC).

[0294] Therefore, the second plate 290b can improve the quality of the vibration module 200 compared to the first plate 290a, and can reduce the resonance frequency of the display panel 100 to which the vibration module 200 is attached. Accordingly, as the mass of the vibration module 200 increases, the display device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can lower the minimum tone sound reproduction frequency and can expand the reproduction band. The sound output using the first plate 290a is shown as a solid line, and the sound output using the second plate 290b is shown as a dashed line.

[0295] Figure 24 is a plan view showing a first embodiment of a plurality of vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0296] Referring to Figure 24 , the display panel 100 may include first to third regions (A1, A2, A3). For example, the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 may correspond to the left region, the second region (A2) may correspond to the right region, and the third region (A3) may correspond to the central region. The first and second regions (A1, A2) may be symmetric about the central portion of the display panel 100 or both sides of the third region (A3).

[0297] A plurality of vibration modules may be located on the rear surface of the display panel 100 and may vibrate the first and second regions (A1, A2) of the display panel 100. According to an embodiment, the plurality of vibration modules may include first to fourth vibration modules 600, 700, 800, and 900. Each of the first to fourth vibration modules 600, 700, 800, and 900 may include a piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) including a plurality of sub-modules, a first electrode layer, and a second electrode layer.

[0298] The piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) of the first vibration module 600 may include first to fourth sub-modules 610, 620, 630, and 640. Each of the first to fourth sub-modules 610, 620, 630, and 640 may include a plurality of first portions 611, 621, 631, and 641 having piezoelectric characteristics and a plurality of second portions 612, 622, 632, and 642 having flexibility.

[0299] The piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) of the second vibration module 700 may include first to fourth sub-modules 710, 720, 730, and 740. Each of the first to fourth sub-modules 710, 720, 730, and 740 may include a plurality of first portions 711, 721, 731, and 741 having piezoelectric characteristics and a plurality of second portions 712, 722, 732, and 742 having flexibility.

[0300] The piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) of the third vibration module 800 may include first to fourth sub-modules 810, 820, 830, and 840. Each of the first to fourth sub-modules 810, 820, 830, and 840 may include a plurality of first parts 811, 821, 831, and 841 having piezoelectric characteristics and a plurality of second parts 812, 822, 832, and 842 having flexibility.

[0301] The piezoelectric composite layer (PCL) of the fourth vibration module 900 may include first to fourth sub-modules 910, 920, 930, and 940. Each of the first to fourth sub-modules 910, 920, 930, and 940 may include a plurality of first parts 911, 921, 931, and 941 having piezoelectric characteristics and a plurality of second parts 912, 922, 932, and 942 having flexibility.

[0302] The first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 may overlap with the first region (A1) of the display panel 100. The first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 may vibrate the first region (A1) of the display panel 100, whereby the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 may be used as a diaphragm to generate sound (SW) or haptic feedback.

[0303] The third vibration module 800 and the fourth vibration module 900 may overlap with the second region (A2) of the display panel 100. The third vibration module 800 and the fourth vibration module 900 may vibrate the second region (A2) of the display panel 100, whereby the second region (A2) of the display panel 100 may be used as a diaphragm to generate sound (SW) or haptic feedback.

[0304] According to an embodiment, the display device 10 may include the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 in the left region of the rear surface of the display panel 100 and the third vibration module 800 and the fourth vibration module 900 in the right region of the rear surface of the display panel 100, such that a stereo of a two-channel type may be output by separating left sound and right sound from each other. Accordingly, the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 may output left sound, and the third vibration module 800 and the fourth vibration module 900 may output right sound.

[0305] According to an embodiment, the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 may be symmetric with respect to both sides of the central portion of the display panel 100, and the third vibration module 800 and the fourth vibration module 900. For example, the arrangement directions of the plurality of first portions 611, 621, 631, and 641 in each of the first to fourth sub-modules 610, 620, 630, and 640 included in the first vibration module 600 may be the same as the arrangement directions of the plurality of first portions 811, 821, 831, and 841 in each of the first to fourth sub-modules 810, 820, 830, and 840 included in the third vibration module 800. The arrangement directions of the plurality of first portions 711, 721, 731, and 741 in each of the first to fourth sub-modules 710, 720, 730, and 740 included in the second vibration module 700 may be the same as the arrangement directions of the plurality of first portions 911, 921, 931, and 941 in each of the first to fourth sub-modules 910, 920, 930, and 940 included in the fourth vibration module 900. Therefore, hereinafter, the structures of the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 will be described, and the structures of the third vibration module 800 and the fourth vibration module 900 will be omitted.

[0306] For example, the first sub-modules 610 and 710 in each of the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 may be located in the upper left of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL), and the second sub-modules 620 and 720 in each of the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 may be located in the upper right of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL). The third sub-modules 630 and 730 in each of the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 may be located in the lower left of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL), and the fourth sub-modules 640 and 740 in each of the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 may be located in the lower right of the piezoelectric composite layer (PCL).

[0307] The first vibration module 600 may overlap with the first region (A1) of the display panel 100, and the second vibration module 700 may be adjacent to the first vibration module 600 in the first direction (X) on a plane. The plurality of first portions 611, 621, 631, and 641 in the first to fourth sub-modules 610, 620, 630, and 640 of the first vibration module 600 may extend in the second direction (Y) on a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction (X). The plurality of first portions 711, 721, 731, and 741 in the first to fourth sub-modules 710, 720, 730, and 740 of the second vibration module 700 may extend in the second direction (Y) on a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction (X).

[0308] Accordingly, the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 may include a plurality of first parts 611, 621, 631, 641, 711, 721, 731, and 741 arranged in the same direction so that the same piezoelectric characteristics can be achieved and the vibrations generated in the other sub-module can be supplemented. As a result, the vibration module 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a plurality of first parts 611, 621, 631, 641, 711, 721, 731, and 741 arranged in the same direction so that the vibration area of the display panel 100 can be increased and a stereo effect can be achieved. Additionally, the display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a plurality of sub-modules additionally arranged in the first direction (X) or the second direction (Y) of the vibration module 200, whereby a large-sized vibration module for a large-sized display device can be achieved.

[0309] According to an embodiment, the display device 10 may further include a separator 500 surrounding the plurality of vibration modules. The separator 500 may include a first separator 510 surrounding the first area (A1) of the display panel 100, a second separator 520 surrounding the second area (A2) of the display panel 100, and a third separator 530 surrounding the third area (A3) of the display panel 100.

[0310] The first separator 510 may surround the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 while being spaced apart from them. The second separator 520 may surround the third vibration module 800 and the fourth vibration module 900 while being spaced apart from them. The third separator 530 may be located between the first separator 510 and the second separator 520. Accordingly, the first separator 510 may concentrate the vibrations generated in the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 on the first area (A1) of the display panel 100, the second separator 520 may concentrate the vibrations generated in the third vibration module 800 and the fourth vibration module 900 on the second area (A2) of the display panel 100, and the third separator 530 may reduce, prevent, or block the interference between the vibrations generated in the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 and the vibrations generated in the third vibration module 800 and the fourth vibration module 900.

[0311] Figure 25 is a plan view showing a second embodiment of a plurality of vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0312] Herein, except for the arrangement of the first vibration module and the second vibration module, Figure 25 the structure of the shown display device is the same as that of Figure 24 the shown display device, and thus the description of the same components will be briefly shown or omitted.

[0313] Reference Figure 25 Referring to Figure 25 , the first vibration module 600 may overlap with the first region (A1) of the display panel 100, and the second vibration module 700 may be adjacent to the first vibration module 600 in the second direction (Y) on a plane. A plurality of first portions 611, 621, 631, and 641 of the first to fourth sub-modules 610, 620, 630, and 640 of the first vibration module 600 may extend in the second direction (Y) on a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction (X). A plurality of first portions 711, 721, 731, and 741 of the first to fourth sub-modules 710, 720, 730, and 740 of the second vibration module 700 may extend in the second direction (Y) on a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction (X).

[0314] Accordingly, the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 may include a plurality of first portions 611, 621, 631, 641, 711, 721, 731, and 741 arranged in the same direction such that the same piezoelectric characteristics can be achieved and vibrations generated in another sub-module can be supplemented. As a result, the vibration module 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a plurality of first portions 611, 621, 631, 641, 711, 721, 731, and 741 arranged in the same direction such that the vibration area of the display panel 100 can be increased and a stereo effect can be achieved. Additionally, the display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a plurality of sub-modules additionally arranged in the first direction (X) or the second direction (Y) of the vibration module 200, whereby a large-sized vibration module for a large-sized display device can be achieved.

[0315] Figure 26 shows Figure 24 and Figure 25 a graph of the sound pressure level of the display device shown in Figure 25 .

[0316] In Figure 26 , the x-axis is the frequency (in hertz (Hz)) and the y-axis is the sound pressure level (SPL) (in decibels (dB)). Referring to Figure 26 , the arrangement directions of the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 in the display device 10c shown in Figure 24 are different from the arrangement directions of the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 in the display device 10d shown in Figure 25 , whereby they have different sound pressure level characteristics. Figure 26 , Figure 24 the arrangement directions of the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 in the display device 10c shown in Figure 24 are different from Figure 25 the arrangement directions of the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 in the display device 10d shown in Figure 25 , whereby they have different sound pressure level characteristics.

[0317] According to an embodiment, the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 may output sound such that a first area (A1) of the display panel 100 surrounded by the first separator 510 can be used as a diaphragm. Here, the first area (A1) of the display panel 100 surrounded by the first separator 510 may include a short side parallel to the first direction (X) in a plane and a long side parallel to the second direction (Y) in a plane.

[0318] For example, in Figure 24 the display device 10c shown, the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 parallel to the short side direction of the first area (A1) may be attached to the first area (A1) of the display panel 100 surrounded by the first separator 510. In Figure 25 the display device 10d shown, the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 parallel to the long side direction of the first area (A1) may be attached to the first area (A1) of the display panel 100 surrounded by the first separator 510.

[0319] In Figure 24 the display device 10c shown, the long side of the first area (A1) of the display panel 100 may be parallel to the second direction (Y), and the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 may be parallel to the short side direction of the first area (A1) of the display panel 100. In Figure 25 the display device 10d shown, the long side of the first area (A1) of the display panel 100 may be parallel to the second direction (Y), and the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 may be parallel to the long side direction of the first area (A1) of the display panel 100.

[0320] Therefore, compared with the vibration area of the first area (A1) in the Figure 25 display device 10d shown, the vibration area of the first area (A1) in the Figure 24 display device 10c shown may be relatively increased, and the flatness of the sound pressure in the Figure 24 display device 10c shown may be more uniform. Here, the sound pressure level characteristics of the display devices 10c and 10d may be determined based on the structural properties of the first area (A1) of the display panel 100 used as a diaphragm and the arrangement direction of the piezoelectric materials in the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700. As a result, in a frequency band of 1 kHz or greater than 1 kHz, compared with the flatness of the sound pressure in the Figure 25 display device 10d shown, the flatness of the sound pressure in the Figure 24 display device 10c shown may be more uniform. The sound output using the shown display device 10c is shown as a solid line, and the sound output using the display device 10d is shown as a dashed line.

[0321] Figure 27 It is a plan view showing a third embodiment of a plurality of vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0322] Referring to Figure 27 , the display device 10e may include a first vibration module 600 overlapping with the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 and a third vibration module 800 overlapping with the second region (A2) of the display panel 100. A plurality of first portions 611, 621, 631, and 641 in the first to fourth sub-modules 610, 620, 630, and 640 of the first vibration module 600 may extend in the second direction (Y) in a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction (X). The arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 811, 821, 831, and 841 of the third vibration module 800 may be the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions 611, 621, 631, and 641 of the first vibration module 600.

[0323] Figure 28 It is a plan view showing a fourth embodiment of a plurality of vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0324] Referring to Figure 28 , the display device 10f may include a first vibration module 600 overlapping with the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 and a third vibration module 800 overlapping with the second region (A2) of the display panel 100. In addition to Figure 27 the display device 10e shown, the display device 10f may further include plates 650 and 850.

[0325] The plate 650 may be located between the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 and the first vibration module 600. The plate 650 may reduce the resonance frequency of the display panel 100 to which the vibration module 600 is attached by increasing the mass of the first vibration module 600, so that the lowest tone sound range (or the lowest tone sound reproduction frequency) that allows the reproduction of the display panel 100 to which the first vibration module 600 is attached can be reduced, thereby improving the sound pressure in the low tone sound reproduction band and expanding the reproduction band. Therefore, the display device 10f according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include the first vibration module 600 having the plate 650, thereby improving the flatness of the sound pressure.

[0326] Figure 29 It is a plan view showing a fifth embodiment of a plurality of vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0327] Referring to Figure 29, the display device 10g may include a first vibration module 600 and a second vibration module 700 that overlap with the first region (A1) of the display panel 100, and a third vibration module 800 and a fourth vibration module 900 that overlap with the second region (A2) of the display panel 100. The first vibration module 600 may overlap with the first region (A1) of the display panel 100, and the second vibration module 700 may overlap with the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 while being alternately or diagonally arranged with respect to the first vibration module 600.

[0328] A plurality of first portions 611, 621, 631, and 641 of the first to fourth sub-modules 610, 620, 630, and 640 of the first vibration module 600 may extend in the second direction (Y) in a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction (X). A plurality of first portions 711, 721, 731, and 741 of the first to fourth sub-modules 710, 720, 730, and 740 of the second vibration module 700 may extend in the second direction (Y) in a plane and may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction (X). For example, the upper left vertex of the first sub-module 710 of the second vibration module 700 may contact the lower right vertex of the fourth sub-module 640 of the first vibration module 600. According to an embodiment, the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 may be arranged along the diagonal of the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y), thereby increasing the vibration area in the first region (A1) of the display device 10g and improving the sound pressure level characteristics of the display device 10g.

[0329] According to an embodiment, Figure 24 the illustrated display device 10c may include a first vibration module 600 and a second vibration module 700 arranged in the first direction (X), Figure 25 the illustrated display device 10d may include a first vibration module 600 and a second vibration module 700 arranged in the second direction (Y). Therefore, the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 having a parallel arrangement structure may increase the vibration area in the first region (A1) of the display panel 100, and may improve Figure 24 and Figure 25 the sound pressure level characteristics of the low-pitched sound reproduction range of the illustrated display devices 10c and 10d.

[0330] Figure 29 the illustrated display device 10g may include a first vibration module 600 and a second vibration module 700 arranged on the diagonal of the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y). Compared with the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 having a parallel arrangement structure, the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 having a diagonal arrangement structure may achieve a further increased vibration area in the first region (A1) of the display panel 100. Therefore, compared withFigure 24 and Figure 25 compared with the display devices 10d and 10d shown, Figure 29 the display device 10g shown can achieve further improved sound pressure level characteristics. Compared with the plurality of vibration modules arranged in a 2×2 structure in the first region (A1) of the display panel 100, the diagonal arrangement structure of the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 can have a similar efficiency. Therefore, the number of vibration modules provided to vibrate the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 can be reduced by half.

[0331] Figure 30 is a plan view showing a sixth embodiment of a plurality of vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0332] Referring to Figure 30 , the display device 10h may include a first vibration module 600 and a second vibration module 700 overlapping the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 and a third vibration module 800 and a fourth vibration module 900 overlapping the second region (A2) of the display panel 100. In addition to Figure 29 the display device 10g shown, the display device 10h may further include plates 750 and 950.

[0333] The plate 750 may be located between the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 and the second vibration module 700. The plate 750 can reduce the resonance frequency of the display panel 100 to which the second vibration module 700 is attached by increasing the mass of the second vibration module 700, so that the lowest tone sound range (or the lowest tone sound reproduction frequency) allowed to be reproduced by the display panel 100 to which the second vibration module 700 is attached can be reduced, thereby improving the sound pressure in the low tone sound reproduction band and expanding the reproduction band.

[0334] According to an embodiment, the second vibration module 700 including the plate 750 may have a relatively increased mass, whereby the resonance frequency of the display panel 100 may be relatively decreased. The first vibration module 600 without a plate may have a relatively decreased mass, whereby the resonance frequency of the display panel 100 may be relatively increased. Therefore, the piezoelectric characteristics in the first vibration module 600 without a plate may be different from the piezoelectric characteristics in the second vibration module 700 including the plate 750. For example, the first vibration module 600 without a plate may improve the sound pressure in the high-pitched sound reproduction frequency band, and the second vibration module 700 including the plate 750 may improve the sound pressure in the low-pitched sound reproduction frequency band. Therefore, the first vibration module 600 without a plate and the second vibration module 700 including the plate 750 may receive the same input signal and may output sounds having different frequency characteristics. Therefore, the display device 10h according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 having different piezoelectric characteristics so that the flatness of the sound pressure may be improved by supplementing the frequency characteristics of the sound pressure.

[0335] Figure 31 is a graph showing Figure 27 and Figure 28 the sound pressure levels of the display devices shown.

[0336] In Figure 31 , the x-axis is the frequency (in hertz (Hz)) and the y-axis is the sound pressure level (SPL) (in decibels (dB)). Referring to Figure 31 , in addition to Figure 27 the display device 10e shown, Figure 28 the display device 10f shown may further include a plate 650, whereby Figure 28 the sound pressure level characteristics in the display device 10f shown may be different from Figure 27 the sound pressure level characteristics in the display device 10e shown. For example, since Figure 27 the plate may not be included in the display device 10e shown, the mass of the first vibration module 600 may be relatively decreased so that the resonance frequency of the display device 10e may be relatively increased. Since Figure 28 the plate 650 may be included in the display device 10f shown, the mass of the first vibration module 600 may be relatively increased so that the resonance frequency of the display device 10f may be relatively decreased.

[0337] According to an embodiment, Figure 27 the display device 10e shown and Figure 28 the display device 10f shown may receive the same input signal and may output sounds having different frequency characteristics. For example, Figure 27 the difference (DV1) between the maximum sound pressure and the minimum sound pressure in the display device 10e shown may be the same as Figure 28The difference (DV2) between the maximum sound pressure and the minimum sound pressure in the display device 10f shown is similar. Thus, Figure 27 The piezoelectric characteristics in the display device 10e shown may be different from Figure 28 the piezoelectric characteristics in the display device 10f shown, so that the frequency characteristics can be supplemented. The sound output using the display device 10f is shown as a solid line, and the sound output using the display device 10e is shown as a dotted line.

[0338] Figure 32 is a graph showing Figure 29 and Figure 30 the sound pressure levels of the display devices shown.

[0339] In Figure 32 , the x-axis is the frequency (in hertz (Hz)), and the y-axis is the sound pressure level (SPL) (in decibels (dB)). Referring to Figure 32 , in addition to Figure 29 the display device 10g shown, Figure 30 the display device 10h shown may further include plates 750 and 950, whereby Figure 30 the sound pressure level characteristics in the display device 10h shown may be different from Figure 29 the sound pressure level characteristics in the display device 10g shown. According to an embodiment, Figure 29 the display device 10g shown may include a first vibration module 600 and a second vibration module 700 having a diagonal arrangement structure, so that the vibration area in the first region (A1) of the display device 10 can be increased. Thus, Figure 29 the display device 10g shown using a small number of vibration modules can achieve an effect similar to that in the case of using a large number of vibration modules.

[0340] For example, Figure 29 the display device 10g shown may include a first vibration module 600 and a second vibration module 700 having a diagonal arrangement structure, so that compared with Figure 27 and Figure 28 the display devices 10e and 10f shown that include only one first vibration module 600, the sound pressure in the entire frequency band can be improved. Thus, compared with Figure 27 and Figure 28 the display devices 10e and 10f shown, Figure 29 the display device 10g shown can output sounds with a relatively high sound pressure and different frequency characteristics. However, Figure 29 the difference (DV3) between the maximum sound pressure and the minimum sound pressure in the display device 10g shown may be similar to Figure 27 and Figure 28 the difference (DV1, DV2) between the maximum sound pressure and the minimum sound pressure in each of the display devices 10e and 10f shown.

[0341] Therefore, in order to output sound having a relatively higher flatness compared to each of Figures 27 to 29 the display devices 10e, 10f, and 10g shown, Figure 30 the display device 10h shown may include a first vibration module 600 and a second vibration module 700 having a diagonal arrangement structure, and may further include a plate 750 between the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 and the second vibration module 700. Accordingly, the second vibration module 700 including the plate 750 may have a relatively increased mass so that the resonance frequency of the display panel 100 may be relatively decreased. In addition, the first vibration module 600 without a plate may have a relatively decreased mass so that the resonance frequency of the display panel 100 may be relatively increased. For example, the first vibration module 600 without a plate may improve the sound pressure in the high-pitched sound reproduction band, and the second vibration module 700 including the plate 750 may improve the sound pressure in the low-pitched sound reproduction band. Therefore, the display device 10h according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 arranged diagonally, and may further include the plate 750 disposed between the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 and the second vibration module 700 so that the flatness of the sound pressure may be improved by supplementing the frequency characteristics of the sound pressure.

[0342] As a result, compared to Figures 27 to 29 the differences (DV1, DV2, and DV3) between the maximum sound pressure and the minimum sound pressure in each of the display devices 10e, 10f, and 10g shown, Figure 30 the difference (DV4) between the maximum sound pressure and the minimum sound pressure in the display device 10h shown may be relatively decreased so that the flatness of the sound pressure may be improved. The sound output using the display device 10h is shown as a solid line, and the sound output using the display device 10g is shown as a dashed line.

[0343] Figure 33 is a plan view showing a seventh embodiment of a plurality of vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0344] Referring to Figure 33 , the display device 10 may include a first vibration module 600 and a second vibration module 700 overlapping the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 and a third vibration module 800 and a fourth vibration module 900 overlapping the second region (A2) of the display panel 100. According to an embodiment, the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 may be arranged diagonally in the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y) so that the vibration area in the first region (A1) of the display device 10 may be increased, thereby improving the sound pressure level characteristics of the display device 10.

[0345] The multiple first parts 611, 621, 631, and 641 in the first vibration module 600 can extend in the second direction (Y) on a plane, and the multiple first parts 711, 721, 731, and 741 in the second vibration module 700 can extend in the first direction (X) on a plane. Therefore, the piezoelectric characteristics in the first vibration module 600 including the multiple first parts 611, 621, 631, and 641 arranged in the second direction (Y) can be different from the piezoelectric characteristics in the second vibration module 700 including the multiple first parts 711, 721, 731, and 741 arranged in the first direction (X).

[0346] Therefore, Figure 33 The shown display device 10 can include the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 having a diagonal arrangement structure, so that the vibration area in the first area (A1) of the display device 10 can be increased. Therefore, Figure 33 The shown display device using a small number of vibration modules can achieve an effect similar to that in the case of using a large number of vibration modules. In Figure 33 In the case of the shown display device 10, the arrangement directions in the multiple first parts 611, 621, 631, and 641 included in the first vibration module 600 can be different from the arrangement directions in the multiple first parts 711, 721, 731, and 741 included in the second vibration module 700, so that the flatness of the sound pressure can be improved by supplementing the frequency characteristics of the sound pressure.

[0347] Figure 34 It is a plan view showing an eighth embodiment of multiple vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0348] Referring to Figure 34 , the display device 10 can include the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 overlapping with the first area (A1) of the display panel 100, and the third vibration module 800 and the fourth vibration module 900 overlapping with the second area (A2) of the display panel 100. According to an embodiment, the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 can be arranged in the second direction (Y) so that the vibration area in the first area (A1) of the display device 10 can be increased, thereby improving the sound pressure level characteristics of the display device 10.

[0349] The multiple first portions 611, 621, 631, and 641 in the first vibration module 600 can extend in a second direction (Y) on a plane, and the multiple first portions 711, 721, 731, and 741 in the second vibration module 700 can extend in a first direction (X) on a plane. Therefore, the piezoelectric characteristics in the first vibration module 600 including the multiple first portions 611, 621, 631, and 641 arranged in the second direction (Y) can be different from the piezoelectric characteristics in the second vibration module 700 including the multiple first portions 711, 721, 731, and 741 arranged in the first direction (X).

[0350] Therefore, Figure 34 The illustrated display device 10 can include the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 having a parallel arrangement structure so that the vibration area in the first region (A1) of the display device 10 can be increased. Therefore, Figure 34 The illustrated display device using a small number of vibration modules can achieve an effect similar to that in the case of using a large number of vibration modules. In Figure 34 the case of the illustrated display device 10, the arrangement directions in the multiple first portions 611, 621, 631, and 641 included in the first vibration module 600 can be different from the arrangement directions in the multiple first portions 711, 721, 731, and 741 included in the second vibration module 700 so that the flatness of the sound pressure can be improved by supplementing the frequency characteristics of the sound pressure.

[0351] Figure 35 is a plan view showing a ninth embodiment of multiple vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0352] Referring to Figure 35 , the display device 10 can include the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 overlapping the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 and the third vibration module 800 and the fourth vibration module 900 overlapping the second region (A2) of the display panel 100. According to an embodiment, the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 can be arranged in the second direction (Y) so that the vibration area in the first region (A1) of the display device 10 can be increased, thereby improving the sound pressure level characteristics of the display device 10.

[0353] According to an embodiment, a plurality of first portions 611 and 631 in the first sub-module 610 and the third sub-module 630 of the first vibration module 600 may extend in a second direction (Y) on a plane, and a plurality of first portions 711 and 731 in the first sub-module 710 and the third sub-module 730 of the second vibration module 700 may extend in a second direction (Y) on a plane. A plurality of first portions 621 and 641 in the second sub-module 620 and the fourth sub-module 640 of the first vibration module 600 may extend in a first direction (X) on a plane, and a plurality of first portions 721 and 741 in the second sub-module 720 and the fourth sub-module 740 of the second vibration module 700 may extend in a first direction (X) on a plane. Accordingly, the piezoelectric properties in the plurality of first portions 611, 631, 711, and 731 arranged in the second direction (Y) may be different from the piezoelectric properties in the plurality of first portions 621, 641, 721, and 741 arranged in the first direction (X).

[0354] The display device 10 may further include a plate 750 between the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 and the second vibration module 700. The plate 750 may reduce the resonance frequency of the display panel 100 to which the second vibration module 700 is attached by increasing the mass of the second vibration module 700.

[0355] Accordingly, Figure 35 The illustrated display device 10 may include the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 having a parallel arrangement structure so that the vibration area in the first region (A1) of the display device 10 may be increased. Accordingly, Figure 35 The illustrated display device using a small number of vibration modules may achieve an effect similar to that in the case of using a large number of vibration modules. Figure 35 The illustrated display device 10 may include a plurality of first portions 611, 631, 711, and 731 arranged in the second direction (Y) and a plurality of first portions 621, 641, 721, and 741 arranged in the first direction (X) so that the frequency characteristics of the sound pressure may be supplemented. Additionally, Figure 35 The illustrated display device 10 may include the first vibration module 600 without a plate and the second vibration module 700 including the plate 750, whereby the reproduction frequency of the lowest tone sound may be reduced, thereby improving the sound pressure in the low tone sound reproduction band and improving the flatness of the sound pressure.

[0356] Figure 36 is a plan view showing a tenth embodiment of a plurality of vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0357] Referring to Figure 36, the display device 10 may include a first vibration module 600 and a second vibration module 700 that overlap with the first region (A1) of the display panel 100, and a third vibration module 800 and a fourth vibration module 900 that overlap with the second region (A2) of the display panel 100. According to an embodiment, the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 may be arranged in a first direction (X) so that the vibration area in the first region (A1) of the display device 10 can be increased, thereby improving the sound pressure level characteristics of the display device 10.

[0358] According to an embodiment, a plurality of first portions 611 and 631 in the first sub-module 610 and the third sub-module 630 of the first vibration module 600 may extend in a second direction (Y) in a plane, and a plurality of first portions 711 and 731 in the first sub-module 710 and the third sub-module 730 of the second vibration module 700 may extend in a second direction (Y) in a plane. A plurality of first portions 621 and 641 in the second sub-module 620 and the fourth sub-module 640 of the first vibration module 600 may extend in a first direction (X) in a plane, and a plurality of first portions 721 and 741 in the second sub-module 720 and the fourth sub-module 740 of the second vibration module 700 may extend in a first direction (X) in a plane. Therefore, the piezoelectric characteristics of the plurality of first portions 611, 631, 711, and 731 arranged in the second direction (Y) may be different from the piezoelectric characteristics of the plurality of first portions 621, 641, 721, and 741 arranged in the first direction (X).

[0359] The display device 10 may further include a plate 750 between the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 and the second vibration module 700. The plate 750 may reduce the resonance frequency of the display panel 100 to which the second vibration module 700 is attached by increasing the mass of the second vibration module 700.

[0360] Therefore, Figure 36 The illustrated display device 10 may include the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 having a parallel arrangement structure so that the vibration area in the first region (A1) of the display device 10 can be increased. Therefore, Figure 36 The illustrated display device using a small number of vibration modules can achieve an effect similar to that of using a large number of vibration modules. Figure 36 The illustrated display device 10 may include a plurality of first portions 611, 631, 711, and 731 arranged in a second direction (Y) and a plurality of first portions 621, 641, 721, and 741 arranged in a first direction (X) so that the frequency characteristics of the sound pressure can be supplemented. Additionally, Figure 36The illustrated display device 10 may include a first vibration module 600 without a plate therein and a second vibration module 700 including a plate 750 therein, whereby the minimum tone sound reproduction frequency may be reduced, thereby improving the sound pressure in the low tone sound reproduction band and improving the flatness of the sound pressure.

[0361] Figure 37 is a plan view of an eleventh embodiment showing a plurality of vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0362] Referring to Figure 37 , the display device 10 may include a first vibration module 600 and a second vibration module 700 overlapping with a first area (A1) of the display panel 100 and a third vibration module 800 and a fourth vibration module 900 overlapping with a second area (A2) of the display panel 100. According to an embodiment, the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 may be arranged along a diagonal of a first direction (X) and a second direction (Y), whereby the vibration area in the first area (A1) of the display device 10 may be increased and the sound pressure level characteristics of the display device 10 may be improved.

[0363] According to an embodiment, a plurality of first portions 611 and 641 in the first sub-module 610 and the fourth sub-module 640 of the first vibration module 600 may extend in the second direction (Y) in a plane, and a plurality of first portions 711 and 741 in the first sub-module 710 and the fourth sub-module 740 of the second vibration module 700 may extend in the second direction (Y) in a plane. A plurality of first portions 621 and 641 in the second sub-module 620 and the third sub-module 630 of the first vibration module 600 may extend in the first direction (X) in a plane, and a plurality of first portions 721 and 731 in the second sub-module 720 and the third sub-module 730 of the second vibration module 700 may extend in the first direction (X) in a plane. Accordingly, the piezoelectric characteristics of the plurality of first portions 611, 641, 711, and 741 arranged in the second direction (Y) may be different from the piezoelectric characteristics of the plurality of first portions 621, 631, 721, and 731 arranged in the first direction (X).

[0364] The display device 10 may further include a plate 750 between the first area (A1) of the display panel 100 and the second vibration module 700. The plate 750 may reduce the resonance frequency of the display panel 100 to which the second vibration module 700 is attached by increasing the mass of the second vibration module 700.

[0365] Therefore, Figure 37 The illustrated display device 10 may include a first vibration module 600 and a second vibration module 700 having a diagonal arrangement structure such that the vibration area in the first area (A1) of the display device 10 may be increased. Therefore, Figure 37The shown display device using a small number of vibration modules can achieve a similar effect to the case of using a large number of vibration modules. Figure 37 The shown display device 10 may include a plurality of first parts 611, 641, 711, and 741 arranged in the second direction (Y) and a plurality of first parts 621, 631, 721, and 731 arranged in the first direction (X) so that the frequency characteristics of the sound pressure can be supplemented. Additionally, Figure 37 The shown display device 10 may include a first vibration module 600 without a plate therein and a second vibration module 700 including a plate 750 therein, whereby the lowest tone sound reproduction frequency can be reduced, thereby improving the sound pressure in the low tone sound reproduction band and improving the flatness of the sound pressure.

[0366] Figure 38 is a plan view showing a twelfth embodiment of a plurality of vibration modules in a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0367] Referring to Figure 38 , the display device 10 may include a first vibration module 600 and a second vibration module 700 overlapping with a first area (A1) of the display panel 100 and a third vibration module 800 and a fourth vibration module 900 overlapping with a second area (A2) of the display panel 100. According to an embodiment, the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 may be arranged along the diagonal of the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y), whereby the vibration area in the first area (A1) of the display device 10 can be increased and the sound pressure level characteristics of the display device 10 can be improved.

[0368] According to an embodiment, a plurality of first parts 611 and 631 in the first sub-module 610 and the third sub-module 630 of the first vibration module 600 may extend in the second direction (Y) on a plane, and a plurality of first parts 711 and 731 in the first sub-module 710 and the third sub-module 730 of the second vibration module 700 may extend in the second direction (Y) on a plane. A plurality of first parts 621 and 641 in the second sub-module 620 and the fourth sub-module 640 of the first vibration module 600 may extend in the first direction (X) on a plane, and a plurality of first parts 721 and 741 in the second sub-module 720 and the fourth sub-module 740 of the second vibration module 700 may extend in the first direction (X) on a plane. Therefore, the piezoelectric characteristics of the plurality of first parts 611, 631, 711, and 731 arranged in the second direction (Y) may be different from the piezoelectric characteristics of the plurality of first parts 621, 641, 721, and 741 arranged in the first direction (X).

[0369] The display device 10 may further include a plate 750 between the first region (A1) of the display panel 100 and the second vibration module 700. The plate 750 may reduce the resonance frequency of the display panel 100 to which the second vibration module 700 is attached by increasing the mass of the second vibration module 700.

[0370] Accordingly, Figure 38 the illustrated display device 10 may include the first vibration module 600 and the second vibration module 700 having a diagonal arrangement structure such that the vibration area in the first region (A1) of the display device 10 can be increased. Accordingly, Figure 38 the illustrated display device using a small number of vibration modules can achieve an effect similar to that in the case of using a large number of vibration modules. Figure 38 The illustrated display device 10 may include a plurality of first portions 611, 631, 711, and 731 arranged in the second direction (Y) and a plurality of first portions 621, 641, 721, and 741 arranged in the first direction (X) such that the frequency characteristics of the sound pressure can be supplemented. Additionally, Figure the illustrated display device 10 may include the first vibration module 600 without a plate and the second vibration module 700 including the plate 750, whereby the lowest tone sound reproduction frequency can be reduced, thereby improving the sound pressure in the low tone sound reproduction band and improving the flatness of the sound pressure.

[0371] The display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied to a mobile device, a video phone, a smart watch, a watch phone, a wearable device, a foldable device, a rollable device, a bendable device, a flexible device, a transparent display device, a curved device, an electronic notebook, an e - book, a portable multimedia player (PMP), a personal digital assistant (PDA), an MP3 player, a mobile medical device, a desktop PC, a laptop PC, a netbook computer, a portable computer, a workstation, a navigation device, a vehicle navigation device, a vehicle display device, a television, a wallpaper, a signage device, a game device, a lighting device, a notebook, a monitor, a camera, a video camera, and a household appliance. The embodiments are not limited to these examples.

[0372] The display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described as follows.

[0373] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a display device may include: a display panel configured to display an image; and at least one vibration module on a rear surface of the display panel, the at least one vibration module including a piezoelectric composite layer including a plurality of sub-modules configured to vibrate the display panel, each of the plurality of sub-modules including: a plurality of first portions having piezoelectric properties; and a plurality of second portions having flexibility, each of the plurality of second portions being located between pairs of the plurality of first portions. The plurality of first portions in each sub-module may be arranged in the same direction or may be partially arranged in different directions.

[0374] For example, in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of first portions may include a non-flexible inorganic material, and the plurality of second portions may include a flexible organic material. For example, in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the flexible organic material may be configured to absorb an impact applied to the non-flexible inorganic material or the display device.

[0375] For example, a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may further include an adhesion member between the display panel and the at least one vibration module, and an adhesion strength of the adhesion member on the plurality of second portions may be greater than an adhesion strength of the adhesion member on the plurality of first portions. For example, in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of first portions in each of the plurality of sub-modules may extend in a first direction on a plane, or may extend in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

[0376] For example, in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of sub-modules may include a first sub-module, a second sub-module, a third sub-module, and a fourth sub-module, and the first sub-module to the fourth sub-module may be arranged in a 2×2 layout. For example, in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of first portions in the first sub-module to the fourth sub-module may be arranged in the same direction. For example, in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions in the first sub-module and the second sub-module may be different from an arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions in the third sub-module and the fourth sub-module. For example, in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions in the first sub-module and the third sub-module may be different from an arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions in the second sub-module and the fourth sub-module. For example, a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a plate between the display panel and the at least one vibration module.

[0377] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a display device may include: a display panel including a first region and a second region, the display panel being configured to display an image; and a plurality of vibration modules on a rear surface of the display panel, the plurality of vibration modules being configured to vibrate the first region and the second region, each of the plurality of vibration modules including a piezoelectric composite layer, the piezoelectric composite layer including a plurality of sub-modules, each of the plurality of sub-modules including: a plurality of first portions having piezoelectric properties; and a plurality of second portions having flexibility, each of the plurality of second portions being between pairs of the plurality of first portions. The plurality of first portions in each sub-module may be arranged in the same direction or may be partially arranged in different directions.

[0378] For example, in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of vibration modules may include: a first vibration module overlapping the first region; a second vibration module overlapping the first region and arranged alternately or diagonally with the first vibration module; a third vibration module overlapping the second region; and a fourth vibration module overlapping the second region and arranged alternately or diagonally with the third vibration module. For example, in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions in the plurality of sub-modules in the first vibration module may be the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions in the plurality of sub-modules in the third vibration module, and the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions in the plurality of sub-modules in the second vibration module may be the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions in the plurality of sub-modules in the fourth vibration module.

[0379] For example, in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of first portions in the plurality of sub-modules in each of the first vibration module and the second vibration module may be arranged in the same direction. For example, in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the first vibration module to the fourth vibration module may include: a first sub-module at an upper left side of the piezoelectric composite layer; a second sub-module at an upper right side of the piezoelectric composite layer; a third sub-module at a lower left side of the piezoelectric composite layer; and a fourth sub-module at a lower right side of the piezoelectric composite layer.

[0380] For example, in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions in the first sub-module and the fourth sub-module in the first vibration module may be different from the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions in the second sub-module and the third sub-module in the first vibration module. For example, in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions in the first sub-module and the third sub-module in the first vibration module may be different from the arrangement direction of the plurality of first portions in the second sub-module and the fourth sub-module in the first vibration module.

[0381] For example, in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the arrangement directions of the plurality of first portions in the plurality of sub-modules in the first vibration module may be different from the arrangement directions of the plurality of first portions in the plurality of sub-modules in the second vibration module. For example, in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of vibration modules may include: a first vibration module overlapping with a first region; a second vibration module adjacent to the first vibration module in a vertical direction on a plane; a third vibration module overlapping with a second region; and a fourth vibration module adjacent to the third vibration module in a vertical direction on a plane.

[0382] For example, in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the arrangement directions of the plurality of first portions in the plurality of sub-modules in the first vibration module may be different from the arrangement directions of the plurality of first portions in the plurality of sub-modules in the second vibration module. For example, in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the first to fourth vibration modules may include: a first sub-module in the upper left of the piezoelectric composite layer; a second sub-module in the upper right of the piezoelectric composite layer; a third sub-module in the lower left of the piezoelectric composite layer; and a fourth sub-module in the lower right of the piezoelectric composite layer. For example, in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the arrangement directions of the plurality of first portions in the first sub-module and the third sub-module in the first vibration module may be different from the arrangement directions of the plurality of first portions in the second sub-module and the fourth sub-module in the first vibration module.

[0383] For example, in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of vibration modules may include: a first vibration module overlapping with a first region; a second vibration module adjacent to the first vibration module in a horizontal direction on a plane; a third vibration module overlapping with a second region; and a fourth vibration module adjacent to the third vibration module in a horizontal direction on a plane. For example, in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the first to fourth vibration modules may include: a first sub-module in the upper left of the piezoelectric composite layer; a second sub-module in the upper right of the piezoelectric composite layer; a third sub-module in the lower left of the piezoelectric composite layer; and a fourth sub-module in the lower right of the piezoelectric composite layer. For example, in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the arrangement directions of the plurality of first portions in the first sub-module and the third sub-module in the first vibration module may be different from the arrangement directions of the plurality of first portions in the second sub-module and the fourth sub-module in the first vibration module.

[0384] For example, in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of vibration modules may include: a first vibration module overlapping a first region; a second vibration module; a third vibration module overlapping a second region; and a fourth vibration module. A plate may be interposed between the display panel and each of the second to fourth vibration modules.

[0385] The various embodiments described above may be combined to provide additional embodiments. All U.S. patents, U.S. patent application publications, U.S. patent applications, foreign patents, foreign patent applications, and non-patent publications cited herein and / or listed in the Application Data Sheet are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. Aspects of the embodiments may be modified to provide further embodiments if concepts of various patents, applications and publications are employed.

[0386] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present disclosure without departing from the technical concept or scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to cover such modifications and variations of the present disclosure as long as they fall within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0387] Cross-reference to Related Applications

[0388] This application claims the benefit and priority of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2019-0037500, filed on Mar. 29, 2019, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

Claims

1. A display device, the display device comprising: A display panel configured to display an image; A first vibration module that vibrates the display panel at a rear surface of the display panel, the first vibration module including a first piezoelectric composite layer; and A second vibration module that vibrates the display panel at a rear surface of the display panel, the second vibration module including a second piezoelectric composite layer, Wherein the second vibration module is disposed adjacent to the first vibration module in a plane, Wherein each of the first vibration module and the second vibration module includes a protective film to protect the first piezoelectric composite layer and the second piezoelectric composite layer, Wherein the protective film includes a first protective film disposed at a first surface of the first piezoelectric composite layer and the second piezoelectric composite layer, and a second protective film disposed at a second surface of the first piezoelectric composite layer and the second piezoelectric composite layer, the second surface being opposite to the first surface, Wherein the first protective film or the second protective film is disposed between the first piezoelectric composite layer and the second piezoelectric composite layer and the display panel, Wherein each of the first piezoelectric composite layer and the second piezoelectric composite layer includes a plurality of sub-modules configured to vibrate the display panel, Wherein each of the plurality of sub-modules includes: A plurality of first portions having piezoelectric properties; and A plurality of second portions having flexibility, each of the plurality of second portions being between a corresponding pair of the plurality of first portions, Wherein the plurality of first portions in some of the plurality of sub-modules are arranged in a different direction from the plurality of first portions in other sub-modules of the plurality of sub-modules, Wherein the plurality of first portions of each of the plurality of sub-modules and the plurality of second portions of each of the plurality of sub-modules extend in a first direction or in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and Wherein each of the plurality of first portions and each of the plurality of second portions have line patterns alternately arranged along the first direction or the second direction.

2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein, The second vibration module is disposed adjacent to the first vibration module in a plane in a vertical direction or in a horizontal direction.

3. The display device according to claim 1, the display device further comprising a plate between the display panel and the first vibration module and the second vibration module.

4. The display device according to claim 1, the display device further comprising an adhesion member between the display panel and the first vibration module and the second vibration module, Among them, The adhesion member includes a hollow portion to provide an air gap.

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