A gravity compressed air energy storage system including a liquid damping device

Abstract

The present invention provides a gravity compressed air energy storage system including a liquid damping device, which comprises: a shaft in which a gravity component is movably inserted; there is a gap between the outer wall of the gravity component and the inner wall of the shaft; a sealing film is arranged in the gap and is sealingly connected between the outer wall of the gravity component and the inner wall of the shaft, so that a gas storage chamber is formed among the sealing film, the space below the sealing film in the shaft, and the gravity component; and a liquid damping component, which includes a water tank containing a certain volume of liquid; the water tank is arranged above the gravity component, and the energy generated by the sloshing of the liquid in the water tank dissipates the energy of the vibration of the gravity component. The technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention solves the problem of how to ensure the stable operation of the gravity weight under wind load, earthquake load and other conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical fields of pressure vessels and air energy storage, and particularly to a gravity compressed air energy storage system including a liquid damping device. Background Art

[0002] The gravity compressed air energy storage system converts excess electric energy into gravitational potential energy through an air compressor, and converts the gravitational potential energy into electric energy through an air pressure generator during peak power consumption periods. Specifically, during energy storage, the compressed air energy storage system consumes electric energy to compress air and store it in a gas storage chamber, causing the roof of the gas storage chamber to lift and jack up a gravity weight; during energy release, high-pressure air is released from the gas storage chamber, and the gravity weight descends with the roof of the gas storage chamber. The operation of the gravity compressed air energy storage system is in a complex storage environment. When the heavy blocks and towers above the ground are subjected to adverse factors such as wind loads and seismic loads, serious consequences and immeasurable damage may occur. How to ensure the stable operation of the gravity weight under wind loads, seismic loads, etc. is an urgent problem to be solved at present. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.

[0004] To this end, the object of the present invention is to provide a gravity compressed air energy storage system including a liquid damping device, which dissipates the energy of the vibration of the gravity weight structure through the energy generated by the sloshing of the liquid in the water tank. At the same time, a "well"-shaped partition is provided to avoid internal consumption caused by irregular sloshing of the water flow in the water tank, thereby improving the damping effect. Moreover, the height of the liquid in the water tank is one-third of the height of the water tank to ensure the full play of the damping effect. In addition, the water tank and the top gravity weight are integrally connected through a guide and move up and down with the gravity weight, so that the water tank has a damping effect on the gravity weight at any height.

[0005] To achieve the above object, a gravity compressed air energy storage system including a liquid damping device proposed by the present invention includes:

[0006] A vertical shaft, in which a gravity component is movably inserted. There is a gap between the outer wall of the gravity component and the inner wall of the vertical shaft, and a sealing film is arranged in the gap. The sealing film is hermetically connected to the outer wall of the gravity component and the inner wall of the vertical shaft, so that a gas storage chamber is formed among the sealing film, the space below the sealing film in the vertical shaft, and the gravity component; and

[0007] A liquid damping component; which includes a water tank containing a certain volume of liquid; the water tank is arranged above the gravity component, and the energy generated by the sloshing of the liquid in the water tank dissipates the energy of the vibration of the gravity component.

[0008] In some embodiments, the liquid shock absorption assembly includes a partition board; the water tank is divided into a plurality of accommodation cavities by the partition board, and adjacent accommodation cavities are communicated to make the liquid levels in the plurality of accommodation cavities flush.

[0009] In some embodiments, the liquid shock absorption assembly includes a protective cover; the protective cover is arranged on the top of the water tank to prevent liquid evaporation.

[0010] In some embodiments, the liquid level height of the liquid in the water tank is not less than one-third of the height of the water tank.

[0011] In some embodiments, the liquid shock absorption assembly includes a fixing assembly; the fixing assembly includes a fixing groove, and the water tank is arranged in the fixing groove to enable the water tank to move up and down with the gravity assembly.

[0012] In some embodiments, the gravity assembly includes a gravity block group and a pressure-bearing assembly; wherein the gravity block group is arranged on the top of the pressure-bearing assembly and includes a plurality of gravity pressing blocks stacked layer by layer in the vertical direction; the bottom of the pressure-bearing assembly extends into the shaft and its outer wall is connected to the sealing film; the top of the pressure-bearing assembly is located on the ground at the top of the shaft.

[0013] In some embodiments, the pressure-bearing assembly includes a pressure-bearing cylinder and a pressure-bearing base; wherein the bottom of the pressure-bearing cylinder extends into the shaft and its top is provided with the pressure-bearing base; the gravity block group is located above the pressure-bearing base, so that when the pressure-bearing cylinder moves down to the lowest limit, it is supported on the ground around the top of the shaft through the pressure-bearing base.

[0014] In some embodiments, the energy storage system includes a guiding device, which includes a guiding groove and a roller; wherein a plurality of guiding grooves are provided, and the plurality of guiding grooves are distributed around the gravity assembly, and the guiding grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the shaft or outside the shaft; the roller cooperates with the guiding groove and abuts against the bottom of the guiding groove, so that when the gravity assembly moves up and down, the roller moves up and down along the bottom of the guiding groove.

[0015] In some embodiments, a plurality of tower structures are arranged on the ground around the top of the shaft, and the plurality of guiding grooves are respectively installed on the plurality of tower structures.

[0016] In some embodiments, the guiding device is arranged on the periphery of the plurality of gravity pressing blocks and the fixing groove; the guiding device on the gravity pressing block is located between the gravity pressing block and the tower structure opposite to the gravity pressing block; the guiding device on the fixing groove is located between the fixing groove and the tower structure opposite to the fixing groove.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be learned through the practice of the present invention. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and be readily understood from the following description of embodiments in conjunction with the drawings, wherein:

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gravity compressed air energy storage system proposed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid shock absorption assembly proposed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a guiding device proposed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] In the figure, 1, gravity pressing block; 2, tower structure; 3, guiding device; 4, bearing base; 5, water tank; 6, partition board; 7, soil layer; 8, sealing film; 9, liquid; 10, pressure-bearing cylinder; 11, air storage chamber; 12, vertical shaft; 13, steel lining; 14, fixing groove; 15, communication hole; 16, roller; 17, guiding groove. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0023] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. On the contrary, the embodiments of the present invention include all changes, modifications and equivalents falling within the spirit and connotation of the appended claims.

[0024] Refer to Figures 1 - 3 is a gravity compressed air energy storage system including a liquid shock absorption device proposed in an embodiment of the present invention, including a vertical shaft 12 and a liquid shock absorption assembly; wherein the vertical shaft 12 is dug downward in the soil layer 7, a gravity assembly is movably inserted into the vertical shaft 12, there is a gap between the outer wall of the gravity assembly and the inner wall of the vertical shaft 12, a sealing film 8 is arranged in the gap, and the sealing film 8 is hermetically connected between the outer wall of the gravity assembly and the inner wall of the vertical shaft 12, so that a gas storage chamber 11 is formed among the sealing film 8, the space below the sealing film 8 in the vertical shaft 12, and the gravity assembly.

[0025] In addition, the gravity compressed air energy storage system further includes an air compression unit, an air expansion unit, and a generator; the inlet of the air compression unit is connected to an air intake device, the outlet of the air compression unit is connected to the inlet of the air storage chamber 11 through an energy storage pipeline, the outlet of the air storage chamber 11 is connected to the inlet of the air expansion unit through an energy release pipeline, and the outlet of the air expansion unit is connected to the generator; a heat exchange unit is provided between the energy storage pipeline and the energy release pipeline. The exemplary air compression unit can be provided with several stages of air compressors according to actual needs; the air expansion unit can be provided with several stages of expanders according to actual needs.

[0026] A flow detection device, a pressure detection device, and a regulating valve are provided on the energy release pipeline. The flow detection device, the pressure detection device, and the regulating valve are respectively connected to the control unit of the gravity compressed air energy storage system and can perform real-time monitoring and control of the key parameters of the system.

[0027] When the gravity compressed air energy storage system in this embodiment is working:

[0028] During the low electricity consumption period of the power grid, the gravity compressed air energy storage system stores energy. The energy release pipeline is closed, and the energy storage pipeline is opened. Air enters the air compression unit through the air intake device and is compressed into compressed air. The generated heat is stored in the heat exchange unit. The compressed air enters the air storage chamber 11 through the energy storage pipeline. The volume of the air storage chamber 11 increases, and the gravity block 1 is lifted at a constant pressure by the compressed air, converting electrical energy into compressed air energy and the gravitational potential energy of the gravity block 1.

[0029] During the high electricity consumption period of the power grid, the compressed air energy storage system releases energy. The energy release pipeline is opened, and the energy storage pipeline is closed. The gravity block 1 descends, the volume of the air storage chamber 11 decreases, the compressed air is heated by the heat exchange unit, and then enters the air expansion unit through the energy release pipeline to do work at a constant pressure and drive the generator to generate electricity, converting the compressed air energy and the gravitational potential energy of the gravity block 1 into electrical energy.

[0030] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, the liquid damping component includes a water tank 5 with a certain accommodation space. The water tank 5 is arranged above the gravity component and has a certain weight, which can replace part of the weight of the gravity block 1 in the gravity component and reduce the cost of the gravity block 1; advantageously, the water tank 5 is made of fiberglass, and at the same time, the weight of the water tank 5 is the same as the weight of the gravity block 1, slowing down the separation of the water tank 5 from the gravity component during the lifting and lowering movement, so that the water tank 5 has a damping effect on the gravity block 1 at any height.

[0031] A certain volume of liquid 9 is contained in the water tank 5. Optionally, the liquid level height of the liquid 9 in the water tank 5 is not less than one-third of the height of the water tank 5. Preferably, the liquid level height of the liquid 9 in the water tank 5 is one-third of the height of the water tank 5, so that the movement of the liquid 9 in the water tank 5 is mainly near the upper surface, and the liquid 9 in the lower layer is relatively static. In addition, if the free liquid surface of the water tank 5 is too large, it is easy to generate a wave breaking surface and lose the shock absorption effect. Therefore, in this embodiment, according to the vibration reduction principle of the tuned liquid 9 damper, the energy dissipated by the vibration of the gravity component is generated by the sloshing of the liquid 9 in the water tank 5. Exemplarily, the liquid 9 in the water tank 5 can be clean water, brine, antifreeze or other liquids 9 with relatively low viscosity. The beneficial liquid 9 is antifreeze because antifreeze has the properties of preventing freezing in winter, preventing evaporation in summer, preventing water scale and corrosion throughout the year.

[0032] In some embodiments, the liquid shock absorption component includes a partition 6; wherein there are multiple partitions 6, and the water tank 5 is divided into multiple accommodation cavities by the multiple partitions 6; Exemplarily, there are four partitions 6, where two partitions 6 are arranged side by side in the horizontal transverse direction, and two partitions 6 are arranged side by side in the direction perpendicular to the two partitions 6 in the transverse direction, that is, the four partitions 6 are in a "well" shape in the horizontal plane, and the water tank 5 is divided into nine accommodation cavities by welding between the partitions 6, similar to the shape of a nine-square grid. A communication hole 15 is opened on the partition 6 between adjacent accommodation cavities, and the liquid 9 in adjacent accommodation cavities can be communicated, that is, multiple accommodation cavities form a communicating vessel to ensure that the liquid level height of the liquid 9 in each accommodation cavity is the same. When the gravity compressed air energy storage system project encounters wind load and earthquake load, the energy dissipated by the sloshing of the liquid 9 in the water tank 5 with multiple accommodation cavities dissipates the energy of the self-vibration of the gravity weight 1 structure; and during the sloshing process of the water tank 5, the partition 6 of the water tank 5 can avoid the internal consumption caused by the irregular sloshing of the water flow in the water tank 5, thereby improving the shock absorption effect. When the sloshing of the liquid 9 in the water tank 5 ends, through the communication hole 15 between the partitions 6, the liquid level in each accommodation cavity in the water tank 5 returns to the free liquid level again. Among them, to ensure the quality of the liquid 9 in the water tank 5, the liquid 9 in the water tank 5 should be replaced regularly. Advantageously, when the water tank 5 is exposed to a complex environment during the long-term operation of the gravity compressed air energy storage system, a black protective cover can be provided on the top of the water tank 5, and the protective cover is a glass cover to prevent the evaporation of the liquid 9 in the water tank 5 and affect the shock absorption effect of the liquid 9.

[0033] In some embodiments, the liquid shock absorption component includes a fixing component; the fixing component includes a fixing groove 14, and exemplarily, the fixing groove 14 is a steel groove with a certain strength and thickness. The water tank 5 is arranged in the steel groove, and the steel groove improves the deformation resistance of the water tank 5 by wrapping the water tank 5. At the same time, when the rectangular steel groove wraps the water tank 5, the water tank 5 will also do vertical lifting movement with the lifting of the gravity component, ensuring that the water tank 5 will not break away during the lifting movement of the gravity component, so that the water tank 5 has a shock absorption effect on the gravity weight 1 at any height.

[0034] In some embodiments, the gravity assembly includes a gravity block group and a pressure-bearing assembly; the gravity block group is arranged on the top of the pressure-bearing assembly; the bottom of the pressure-bearing assembly extends into the shaft 12 and its outer wall is connected to the sealing film 8; the top of the pressure-bearing assembly is located on the ground at the top of the shaft 12; the gravity block group includes a plurality of gravity pressing blocks 1 stacked layer by layer in the vertical direction, and the centers of gravity of the plurality of gravity pressing blocks 1 are always in the same vertical direction.

[0035] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the gravity assembly is divided into an above-ground gravity block group and a pressure-bearing assembly, wherein the bottom end of the gravity assembly extends into the shaft 12 and the sealing film 8 is directly connected to the bottom end of the outer wall of the pressure-bearing assembly, while the gravity block group is located outside the shaft 12. When realizing large-energy storage, it is not necessary to concentrate all the gravity blocks in the shaft 12, which can reduce the height of the shaft 12 and greatly reduce the excavation workload and engineering difficulty of the shaft 12.

[0036] In addition, the gravity block group includes a plurality of gravity pressing blocks 1 stacked layer by layer in the vertical direction. By setting the gravity block group as a plurality of stacked gravity pressing blocks 1, the weight of each gravity pressing block 1 is reduced, and while meeting large-energy storage, the hoisting difficulty is reduced, so that during the hoisting construction process, the pressure-bearing assembly is first hoisted into the shaft 12, the upper end of the pressure-bearing assembly is supported on the ground on the circumferential side of the shaft 12, and then the gravity pressing blocks 1 are hoisted layer by layer on the top of the pressure-bearing assembly.

[0037] In some embodiments, the pressure-bearing assembly includes a pressure-bearing cylinder 10 and a pressure-bearing base 4; the bottom of the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 extends into the shaft 12 and its top is provided with the pressure-bearing base 4; the gravity block group is located above the pressure-bearing base 4, so that when the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 moves downward to the lowest limit position, it is supported on the ground at the top of the shaft 12 through the pressure-bearing base 4.

[0038] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the pressure-bearing assembly includes a pressure-bearing cylinder 10 and a pressure-bearing base 4, wherein the bottom end of the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 extends into the shaft 12, and the sealing film 8 is directly connected to the bottom end of the outer wall of the pressure-bearing cylinder 10. The top of the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 is located on the ground at the top of the shaft 12 and is connected to the pressure-bearing base 4. A plurality of gravity pressing blocks 1 stacked layer by layer in the vertical direction are arranged above the pressure-bearing base 4, so that the centers of gravity of the plurality of gravity pressing blocks 1 are always in the same vertical direction.

[0039] In some embodiments, the energy storage system includes a guiding device 3, which includes a guide groove 17 and a roller 16; a plurality of guide grooves 17 are provided, and the plurality of guide grooves 17 are distributed on the circumferential side of the gravity assembly. The guide grooves 17 are arranged on the inner wall of the shaft 12 or outside the shaft 12; the roller 16 cooperates with the guide groove 17 and contacts the bottom of the guide groove 17, so that when the gravity assembly moves up and down, the roller 16 moves up and down along the bottom of the guide groove 17.

[0040] Specifically, a plurality of guide grooves 17 are provided. The plurality of guide grooves 17 are distributed around the gravity component. The guide grooves 17 are provided on the inner wall of the shaft 12 or outside the shaft 12. That is to say, the guide grooves 17 can be provided inside the shaft 12 or outside the shaft 12. A plurality of rollers 16 are provided. The plurality of rollers 16 are respectively installed around the gravity component through rotating shafts. The rollers 16 are in contact with the bottom of the guide grooves 17, so that when the gravity component moves up and down, the rollers 16 move up and down along the bottom of the guide grooves 17.

[0041] It can be understood that when the gravity component moves inside the shaft 12 during the energy storage process, a plurality of guide grooves 17 can be provided on the circumferential side of the inner wall of the shaft 12 at this time. For example, four guide grooves 17 can be provided. The 4 guide grooves 17 can be equally angularly arranged on the inner wall of the shaft 12. Since the rollers 16 on the gravity component are installed around the gravity component through rotating shafts, the rollers 16 can rotate on the gravity component. When the rollers 16 are in contact with the bottom of the guide grooves 17, not only can the guide grooves 17 be used for limiting, the guide grooves 17 cooperate with the rollers 16 to restrict the movement direction of the gravity component, but also the gravity component moves vertically upward or downward along the direction of the guide grooves 17 at a certain rate. Lubricants such as butter and graphite are regularly added to the positions where the guide grooves 17 and the rollers 16 are in contact, so as to reduce friction and improve the conversion rate of gravitational potential energy.

[0042] In addition, there is another possibility. A plurality of tower structures 2 are provided on the ground outside the top of the shaft 12. The plurality of tower structures 2 are distributed around the shaft 12. The plurality of guide grooves 17 are respectively installed on the plurality of tower structures 2. That is, 4 tower structures 2 can be provided, and then the 4 guide grooves 17 are provided on the 4 tower structures 2 outside the shaft 12. During the energy storage process, a part of the gravity component is outside the shaft 12 and a part is inside the shaft 12. The outer wall of the gravity component inside the shaft 12 and the inner wall of the shaft 12 are sealed and connected by a sealing film 8.

[0043] Exemplarily, a guiding device 3 is provided on the circumferential side of each of the plurality of gravity blocks 1. The guiding device 3 is installed on the circumferential side of the gravity block 1 and is located between the gravity block 1 and the tower structure 2 opposite to the gravity block 1. A gap is reserved between the outer side wall of the gravity block 1 and the inner side wall of the tower. A plurality of rollers 16 are respectively provided on the circumferential side of the gravity block group on the ground and the outer circumferential side wall of the top end of the pressure-bearing cylinder 10, so that the gravity block group on the ground and the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 move up and down along the guide grooves 17 through the rollers 16 during the up and down movement. Specifically, as Figure 3 shown. An installation groove is formed on the circumferential side of each gravity block 1. A steel plate groove is installed in the installation groove. The roller 16 is located in the steel plate groove. The rotating shaft connected to the roller 16 is installed between the side walls on the opposite sides of the steel plate groove. This is a common structure setting and will not be elaborated here.

[0044] In some embodiments, a guiding device 3 is provided on the peripheral side of the fixing groove 14. The guiding device 3 is welded to the peripheral side of the fixing groove 14 and is located between the fixing groove 14 and the tower structure 2 opposite to the fixing groove 14. A gap is reserved between the outer wall of the fixing groove 14 and the inner wall of the tower. For example, Figure 1 and Figure 2 as shown, a plurality of rollers 16 are respectively arranged on the peripheral side of the fixing groove 14 and the peripheral side of the outer wall of the top end of the pressure-bearing cylinder 10, so that during the up-and-down movement of the fixing groove 14 and the pressure-bearing cylinder 10, they move up and down along the guide groove 17 through the rollers 16. Here, reference can be made to the setting of the guiding device 3 on the peripheral side of the gravity pressing block 1, which will not be elaborated here. Preferably, the guiding device 3 on the peripheral side of the gravity pressing block 1 and the guiding device 3 on the peripheral side of the fixing groove 14 are of an integral structure, which can effectively prevent the water tank 5 from detaching during the movement of the pressing block.

[0045] In some embodiments, a steel lining 13 is provided on the inner wall of the shaft 12, and the sealing film 8 is connected to the inner wall of the steel lining 13. By providing the steel lining 13, it can be ensured that the inner wall of the shaft 12 is a smooth wall surface, and since the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 is also a cylindrical structure surrounded by steel plates and has a smooth outer wall surface structure, when the sealing film 8 is fixed on the steel lining 13 and the pressure-bearing cylinder 10, the sealing performance of the sealing film 8 can be improved, and the installation of the sealing film 8 is facilitated.

[0046] By providing the steel lining 13, the sealing performance of the connection with the sealing film 8 can be improved.

[0047] In addition, it should be noted that the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 is filled with sand.

[0048] It can be understood that the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 can be a cylindrical structure surrounded by steel plates, with a hollow structure inside, which reduces the weight and is convenient for hoisting. In addition, filling sand inside the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 can increase the gravity of energy storage.

[0049] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0050] Any process or method description in the flowchart or described in other ways herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or part of executable instructions including one or more steps for implementing a specific logical function or process. The scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention includes additional implementations, where the functions can be executed in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order according to the involved functions, rather than in the order shown or discussed, which should be understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the embodiments of the present invention belong.

[0051] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples", etc., mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0052] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gravity compressed air energy storage system including a liquid damping device, characterized in that Including: A vertical shaft, in which a gravity component is movably inserted. There is a gap between the outer wall of the gravity component and the inner wall of the vertical shaft. A sealing film is arranged in the gap and is hermetically connected between the outer wall of the gravity component and the inner wall of the vertical shaft, so that an air storage chamber is formed among the sealing film, the space below the sealing film in the vertical shaft, and the gravity component. The gravity component includes a gravity block group and a pressure-bearing component; Wherein the gravity block group is arranged on the top of the pressure-bearing component and includes a plurality of gravity pressing blocks stacked layer by layer in the vertical direction. The bottom of the pressure-bearing component extends into the vertical shaft and its outer wall is connected to the sealing film. The top of the pressure-bearing component is on the ground at the top of the vertical shaft. The pressure-bearing component includes a pressure-bearing cylinder and a pressure-bearing base. Wherein the bottom of the pressure-bearing cylinder extends into the vertical shaft and its top is provided with the pressure-bearing base. The gravity block group is located above the pressure-bearing base, so that when the pressure-bearing cylinder moves downward to the lowest limit position, it is supported on the ground around the top of the vertical shaft through the pressure-bearing base; And A liquid damping component; it includes a water tank containing a certain volume of liquid. The water tank is arranged above the gravity component, and the energy generated by the vibration of the gravity component is dissipated by the energy generated by the sloshing of the liquid in the water tank. The liquid damping component includes a fixing component. The fixing component includes a fixing groove, and the water tank is arranged in the fixing groove to realize the lifting movement of the water tank along with the gravity component.

2. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein The liquid damping component includes a partition board; the Water tank is divided into a plurality of accommodating cavities by the partition board, and adjacent accommodating cavities are communicated to make the liquid levels in the plurality of accommodating cavities flush.

3. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein The liquid damping component includes a protective cover; the protective cover is arranged on the top of the water tank to prevent liquid evaporation.

4. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid level height of the liquid in the water tank is not less than one-third of the height of the water tank.

5. The energy storage system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes a guiding device, which includes a guiding groove and a roller. Wherein a plurality of guiding grooves are arranged, and the plurality of guiding grooves are distributed around the gravity component. The guiding grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the vertical shaft or outside the vertical shaft. The roller cooperates with the guiding groove and contacts the bottom of the guiding groove, so that when the gravity component moves up and down, the roller moves up and down along the bottom of the guiding groove.

6. The energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that, A plurality of tower structures are arranged on the ground around the top of the vertical shaft, and the plurality of guiding grooves are respectively installed on the plurality of tower structures.

7. The energy storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The guiding device is arranged on the periphery of the plurality of gravity pressing blocks and the fixing groove; the guiding device on the gravity pressing block is located between the gravity pressing block and the tower structure opposite to the gravity pressing block; the guiding device on the fixing groove is located between the fixing groove and the tower structure opposite to the fixing groove.

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