Disclosed is an optimization method of a technological lubrication system taking galling prevention as an objective for a tandem cold mill. The method mainly comprises the following computer-executed steps: 1, collecting main equipment and technological parameters of a five-stand tandem cold mill; 2, defining procedure parameters related in the technological lubrication system optimization procedure; 3, giving initial values of emulsion flow, emulsion concentration and emulsion temperature of a first stand, a second stand, a third stand, a fourth stand and a fifth stand; 4, computing a friction coefficient mui of each stand in a current technological lubrication system and rolling schedule; 5, computing rolling pressure, rolling power and slip factors of each stand; 6, computing thermal crown distribution of a working roll of each stand; 7, computing an outlet flatness value of the tail stand; 8, computing a value of a comprehensive galling judgment index lambdai of each stand; 9, computing an optimization objective function in the current technological lubrication system; 10, completing optimal setting of the technological lubrication system, taking the galling prevention as the objective, of the tandem cold mill. By the method, galling defection occurrence probability of each stand is lowered, and outlet surface quality of strip steel is improved.