A sediment-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands

Abstract

The present invention discloses a silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands, which includes bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reefs arranged successively from the near-shore waters of the islands to the sandy beach above the highest high-tide line, releasing spat of white butterfly shells and turban shells, a submarine sand-trapping and silt-promoting dike, an inclined one-way sand barrier, and a triangular sand barrier. The bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reefs, the submarine sand-trapping and silt-promoting dike, the inclined one-way sand barrier, and the triangular sand barrier are respectively parallel to the coastline and are arranged in multiple rows and in bands, and the distance between each banded area is 10-30 m. The silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands provided by the present invention is arranged on the seabed and the land surface. Through the combination of multiple measures, it promotes the onshore transport of water and sand and wind-blown sand as a whole, and inhibits the seaward retreat process of sea sand, effectively increasing the surface elevation of the seabed and the sandy beach, and playing the role of sustainable silt-promoting land reclamation and improving the near-shore marine ecological environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of coastal ecological environment governance, and particularly relates to a silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands. Background Art

[0002] Among marine disasters, coastal erosion with a global trend has generally attracted people's attention. Coastal erosion refers to a destructive process in which the coast retreats and the area of islands shrinks due to less sand supply along the coast than sand loss under the action of marine dynamics.

[0003] In order to mitigate the harm caused by coastal erosion and the shrinkage of island reef areas, the current method is to change the migration pattern of nearshore sediment through engineering measures in local coastal sections to make the sediment accumulate. The main protection projects are as follows:

[0004] First, seawalls. Seawalls are traditional coastal protection methods for humans. They are built in higher areas of the beach and are buildings used to demarcate the coastal land area and the sea area, and generally run parallel to the coastline. Although it has played a great role in fixing the coast and preventing tides and waves. However, it generally cannot be used for beach protection, and it is not suitable as a long-term wave protection method either, unless it is used as an auxiliary or emergency measure under other engineering measures. Therefore, this engineering structure is generally only suitable for coasts with small waves or silting coasts to prevent abnormal sea subsidence;

[0005] Second, groins and groin fields. Groins and groin fields are coastal buildings that are nearly perpendicular to the coastline. Their function is to intercept the sediment transported upstream along the coast and form a wide beach to protect the coast. Groins have a relatively mature application in muddy coasts and can be used in muddy coast areas. Groins and groin fields achieve the purpose of protecting the coast by intercepting sediment. Therefore, for rivers with a decreasing sediment transport volume year by year, such as the Yellow River, it is not conducive to groins intercepting a large amount of sediment to form a beach. Therefore, this protection method has deficiencies, especially for sandy coasts;

[0006] Third, offshore breakwaters. A breakwater built roughly parallel to the shoreline in the sea area at a certain distance outside the coastline is called an offshore breakwater, abbreviated as an offshore breakwater. Its function is similar to that of a groin and can cause siltation of the beach on the upstream side of the offshore breakwater. Large boulders or various concrete blocks can be used as the facing. However, the opening of the offshore breakwater is small, and pollution is likely to accumulate in the bay and is not easy to discharge. Therefore, when choosing an offshore breakwater as a coastal protection project, environmental pollution problems should be considered;

[0007] Fourthly, for artificial beach nourishment or land reclamation by dredging, collecting suitable sand from the sea or land and replenishing it to the eroded shore is the most natural countermeasure to address coastal erosion and promote sedimentation for land reclamation. Beach nourishment has been proven to be an economical and effective measure, and its impact on the surrounding beaches is also smaller than that of other protective facilities. Since the sand artificially filled onto the beach will still be washed away under various marine environmental conditions, especially on sandy islands under the action of ocean waves, it is necessary to replenish the beach every few years.

[0008] In the land reclamation project by dredging, the process of pumping the nearshore seabed sediments to the reef by a cutter suction dredger or a trailing suction hopper dredger will increase the bed slope, generate a levee effect, cause the surrounding coastline to shrink inward, and affect the stability of the nearshore seabed. The equilibrium state of the bed surface formed through the long-term interaction between the seabed and water-sediment, as well as between the beach and wind-sand, will be disrupted. Under the action of wave erosion, in order to maintain the area of the reef, repeated dredging is still required at intervals. Additionally, in the dredging project, the setting of the reef cofferdam will affect the nearshore ecological environment and often undergo erosion and collapse under the action of wave erosion.

[0009] Therefore, although there are various forms of coastal protection projects, each has its own deficiencies. From the above analysis, we can see that, firstly, except for the fourth measure of artificial beach nourishment and land reclamation by dredging, the rest of the measures are set in the sea water and do not play a protective role for the beach above the high tide line, and the sand grains will still be blown into the sea by wind erosion; secondly, various dams have the effects of reducing waves and depositing sediment towards the shore, but at the same time, a large amount of sea sand is still washed back into the sea. Both sides of the dam play a role in blocking sediment, reducing the supply of sediment towards the shore and the deposition effect; in addition, all kinds of dams are rigid structures, generally only one is set. The waves passing through the dam still have great energy and will still erode the coast. Moreover, the dam is costly and has a long construction period, and it is often impossible to achieve continuous reuse. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a sedimentation and land reclamation system for sandy coasts and islands to overcome the deficiencies existing in the prior art.

[0011] To achieve the aforementioned invention purpose, the technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present invention include:

[0012] The embodiments of the present invention provide a sedimentation and land reclamation system for sandy coasts and islands, including a bell-shaped wave-dissipating reef, releasing white-lipped pearl oyster and triton shellfish seedlings, a submarine sediment-blocking and silt-promoting dyke, an inclined one-way sediment-blocking barrier, and a triangular sediment-blocking barrier arranged in sequence along the direction from the nearshore waters of the island to the beach above the highest high tide line. The bell-shaped wave-dissipating reef, the submarine sediment-blocking and silt-promoting dyke, the inclined one-way sediment-blocking barrier, and the triangular sediment-blocking barrier are respectively parallel to the coastline and are arranged in multiple rows and in a strip shape, and the distance between adjacent strip areas is 10 - 30 m.

[0013] Furthermore, the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef is arranged in a multi-band in a triangular pattern along the coastline.

[0014] Furthermore, the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef includes a bell-shaped main body with a hollow streamline structure. Circular holes are formed in the outer wall of the bell-shaped main body, and wave-dissipating block bodies in the shape of square columns are provided. Moreover, a notch is provided at the bottom of the bell-shaped main body.

[0015] Furthermore, in the area where the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef is set, white butterfly shells and turban shell seedlings are put.

[0016] Furthermore, the submarine sediment interception and siltation promotion dike includes a siltation dam and sediment interception brush columns. The siltation dam includes an arc-shaped top plate, a base, and a support plate. The arc-shaped top plate is fixedly connected to the base through the support plate. The sediment interception brush columns include support columns and filamentous brushes fixed on the support columns. The filamentous brushes include a plurality of filament bundles densely distributed along the length direction of the support columns. Both ends of each filament bundle extend to both sides of the support column. Moreover, the bottom of the support column is cast and fixed at the front end of the arc-shaped top plate of the siltation dam.

[0017] Furthermore, the inclined one-way sand barrier includes an inclined sand barrier and a one-way sand transportation channel. Among them, the inclined sand barrier is inclined towards the shore. The one-way sand transportation channel is arranged at the bottom of the inclined sand barrier. Moreover, support columns are provided on the inclined sand barrier on the shoreward side. The other ends of the support columns are fixedly connected to fixing pins fixed on the ground surface. In a windless state, the one-way sand transportation channel is in a closed state under the action of gravity. Under the action of onshore wind, the one-way sand transportation channel opens, enabling the sand flow to smoothly enter the beach. Under the action of offshore wind, the one-way sand transportation channel closes, blocking the sand from retreating back into the sea water.

[0018] Furthermore, the triangular sand barrier includes a square frame and an HDPE net wound and fixed on the square frame, forming a framed net. The tops of the two framed nets are connected by hinges, and the bottoms are respectively fixed by fixing steel pins, forming a stable triangular wind-blocking structure.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The siltation and land reclamation system for sandy coasts and islands of the present invention. While the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef reduces wave energy, it does not affect the onshore transport of sea sand, and provides a stable shelter and habitat for artificially released white butterfly shells, Triton's trumpets, and natural fish, protects coral reefs, and promotes the improvement of biodiversity and ecological environment in the nearshore area of the island; The submarine sand-trapping and siltation-promoting dike weakens the direct scouring effect of waves on the seabed, promotes the nearshore siltation of submarine sediments, and raises the height of the seabed surface; The inclined one-way sand barrier can promote the onshore transport of sea sand, while inhibiting its seaward retreat process, continuously increasing the beach elevation; The triangular sand barrier fixes the sea sand blown onto the shore, maintaining and stabilizing the surface elevation; The comprehensive application of the above several measures gradually increases the height of the seabed and the beach. By raising the submarine sand-trapping and siltation-promoting dike and the triangular sand barrier, and connecting an extension section at the closing end of the onshore side of the inclined one-way sand barrier, the sustainable use of the engineering facilities can be realized, and the purpose of raising the ground surface and promoting siltation and land reclamation can be achieved in the long term.

[0021] (2) The siltation and land reclamation system for sandy coasts and islands of the present invention. Among them, the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef has a hollow structure. While reducing wave energy, the water body in the internal space is stable, and it can provide a shelter and habitat for marine organisms such as nearshore fish.

[0022] (3) The siltation and land reclamation system for sandy coasts and islands of the present invention. Among them, in the area of the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef, seedlings of white butterfly shells and Triton's trumpets are released. The white butterfly shell is a large pearl shellfish, known as the "rare treasure", with high economic value and can be said to be full of treasures. The Triton's trumpet has important ecological significance for controlling the number of starfish, protecting coral reefs and the biodiversity of coral reef biological communities.

[0023] (4) The siltation and land reclamation system for sandy coasts and islands of the present invention. Among them, the submarine sand-trapping and siltation-promoting dike can prevent the frontal impact of sea waves. Sediments pass through the surface of the arc-shaped top plate with the water flow and fall onto the seabed on the onshore side of the siltation dam; The siltation dam is only open to the shore, forming a semi-closed sand collection space, which does not affect the onshore transport of sand grains, while preventing their retreat; When the height of the silted sand surface reaches the top position of the support plate, the whole sand-trapping and siltation-promoting dike can be lifted by connecting the steel wire rings on the arc-shaped top plate of the siltation dam to realize its sustainable use; Through the flexible blocking process of the filamentous brush, sand grains can be effectively filtered, preventing them from retreating into the sea, and fixing the sea sand on the onshore side of the siltation dam.

[0024] (5) The silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands of the present invention. Among them, the inclined one-way sand barrier combines an inclined sand barrier and a one-way sand transportation channel, enabling the inclined one-way sand barrier to have the function of transporting sand on one side and blocking sand on the other side. It can promote the onshore transportation of sea sand, prevent it from retreating seaward, and achieve the purpose of long-term sand accumulation on the beach. The one-way sand transportation channel and the ground surface together form a streamlined structure with a gradually narrowing opening, which plays a role in accelerating the sand wind flow and increasing the passing rate of sand grains. In addition, at the narrowing opening on the onshore side, an inclined one-way valve structure is adopted, which can allow the flowing sand transported onshore to pass smoothly, while preventing it from retreating seaward. The one-way sand transportation channel extends in the onshore direction, and the one-way valve at the port is far from the sand accumulation area at the bottom of the sand barrier, so that the sand accumulation near the onshore side sand barrier will not bury and affect the one-way sand transportation channel and the one-way valve, and the sand transportation and sand blocking functions do not affect each other. When the sand accumulation on the onshore side of the inclined sand barrier is about to bury the inclined narrowing opening, an extension section can be connected at the narrowing opening to enable the device to continuously play the dual functions of onshore sand transportation and seaward sand blocking. The inclined sand barrier inclines towards the shore, reducing the wind resistance of the onshore wind and suppressing the upward acceleration effect of the air flow under the action of the onshore wind, which can effectively improve the sand accumulation rate on the onshore side.

[0025] (6) The silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands of the present invention. Among them, the triangular sand barrier has a stable structure and adopts a large-space three-dimensional structure for dual sand blocking, effectively reducing the near-surface wind speed in the middle and leeward sides of the sand barrier, with higher sand blocking and sand fixing efficiency and a larger sand blocking amount. When the triangular sand barrier is buried to half of its height, the fixed pins can be dug out and manually lifted to increase the exposed height of the triangular sand barrier and restore its sand blocking and sand fixing functions. The main components are two frame nets connected by hinges. On-site installation only requires opening the frame nets to a certain angle and driving in the fixed pins, which is simple and fast in operation and saves construction costs. Moreover, the frame nets connected by hinges are regular planar structures, which improve the transportation efficiency and save transportation costs. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands in an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the specific structural schematic diagram of the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef in

[0029] Figure 3Yes Figure 1 Specific structural schematic diagram of the submarine sediment interception and siltation promotion dike in the middle

[0030] Figure 4 Yes Figure 3 Specific structural schematic diagram of the sediment interception brush column in the middle

[0031] Figure 5 Yes Figure 3 Top view of the sediment interception brush column in the middle

[0032] Figure 6 Yes Figure 1 Specific structural schematic diagram of the inclined one-way sediment barrier in the middle

[0033] Figure 7 Yes Figure 1 Specific structural schematic diagram of the triangular sediment barrier in the middle

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Submarine sediment interception and siltation promotion dike; 11. Arc-shaped top plate; 12. Sediment interception brush column; 121. Filamentous brush; 122. Support column; 123. Silk bundle; 13. Support plate; 14. Steel bar connection ring; 15. Base; 16. Connection kit; 2. Inclined one-way sediment barrier; 21. HDPE net; 22. Bottom plate; 23. Arc-shaped top plate; 24. Inclined baffle; 25. Hinge; 26. Support column; 27. Fixed pin; 28. Extension section; 29. Inclined frame; 30. Side plate; 3. Triangular sediment barrier; 31. Frame net; 32. Fixed pin; 33. Hinge; 4. Bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef; 41. Round hole; 42. Wave-dissipating block; 43. Notch; 5. Triton's trumpet; 6. Pearl oyster; 8. Beach; 9. Nearshore seabed surface; 10. Highest high tide line. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] The present invention will be more fully understood by the following detailed implementation manners which should be read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Specific embodiments of the present invention are disclosed herein; however, it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the present invention, and the present invention can be embodied in various forms. Therefore, the specific functional details disclosed herein should not be construed as restrictive, but only as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching those skilled in the art to employ the present invention in any appropriate detailed embodiment in different ways.

[0036] One aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands, which includes bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reefs arranged in sequence along the direction from the near-shore waters of the island to the beach above the highest high-tide line, releasing white butterfly shell and strombus gracilior seedlings, a submarine sand-trapping and silt-promoting dike, an inclined one-way sand barrier, and a triangular sand barrier. The bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reefs, the submarine sand-trapping and silt-promoting dike, the inclined one-way sand barrier, and the triangular sand barrier are respectively parallel to the coastline and are arranged in multiple rows and bands, and the distance between adjacent banded areas is 10-30 m.

[0037] The silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands provided by the embodiment of the present invention combines multiple measures on the seabed and the land surface, promoting the onshore transport of water and sand and wind and sand as a whole, and inhibiting the seaward retreat process of sea sand, effectively increasing the surface elevation of the seabed and the beach, and playing a role in sustainable silt-promoting land reclamation and improving the near-shore marine ecological environment.

[0038] In some preferred embodiments, the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reefs are arranged in a multi-band shape like a pin character along the coastline.

[0039] In some preferred embodiments, the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef includes a bell-shaped main body with a hollow streamline structure. Circular holes are opened on the outer wall of the bell-shaped main body, and wave-dissipating block bodies with square columnar protrusions are provided, and a notch is also provided at the bottom of the bell-shaped main body.

[0040] In some more preferred embodiments, the height of the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef is 1.8-2.5 m, the wall thickness is 20-40 cm, the bottom diameter is 1.5-2 m, and the diameter of the circular hole is 20-30 cm.

[0041] The bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef provided by the embodiment of the present invention has an outer shape of a hollow streamline structure. While dissipating wave energy, the water body in the internal space is stable, which can provide shelter and habitat for marine organisms such as near-shore fish, and promote the improvement of biodiversity and ecological environment near the island.

[0042] In some preferred embodiments, white butterfly shell and strombus gracilior seedlings are released in the area where the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reefs are set.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present invention, white butterfly shell and strombus gracilior seedlings are released in the area of the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef. The white butterfly shell is a large pearl shellfish, known as the "rare treasure" and has high economic value. It can be said that every part of it is valuable. The strombus gracilior has important ecological significance for controlling the number of starfish and protecting the biodiversity of coral reefs and coral reef biological communities.

[0044] In some preferred embodiments, the submarine sediment retaining and silt promoting dike comprises a sedimentation dam and sediment retaining brush columns; the sedimentation dam comprises an arc-shaped top plate, a base and a support plate, and the arc-shaped top plate is fixedly connected to the base through the support plate; the sediment retaining brush columns comprise support columns and filamentous brushes fixed on the support columns, the filamentous brushes comprise a plurality of filament bundles densely distributed along the length direction of the support columns, both ends of each filament bundle extend to both sides of the support column, and the bottom of the support column is cast and fixed at the front end of the arc-shaped top plate of the sedimentation dam.

[0045] In some more preferred embodiments, the arc-shaped top plate has a streamline rising structure.

[0046] In some more preferred embodiments, the arc-shaped top plate, the support plate and the base are integrally formed structures cast by reinforced concrete, and the support plate is arranged in the middle of the arc-shaped top plate and on the onshore side of the arc-shaped top plate.

[0047] In some more preferred embodiments, connection kits with mortise and tenon structures are provided on the base, one end of the base is recessed and the other end protrudes, so that the sedimentation dams are connected into a whole along the coastline direction.

[0048] In some more preferred embodiments, through holes are formed in both the support plate and the base, and the diameter of the through holes is 15-25 cm.

[0049] In some more preferred embodiments, steel bar connection rings are further provided on the upper end surface of the arc-shaped top plate for overall hoisting by a crane.

[0050] In some more preferred embodiments, the length of the arc-shaped top plate along the coastline direction is 2-4 m, the width along the direction perpendicular to the coastline is 1.5-3 m, the height of the arc-shaped top plate is 1.2-1.8 m, and the wall thickness is 15-25 cm.

[0051] In some more preferred embodiments, the diameter of the filamentous brush is 25-50 cm and the length is 60-100 cm.

[0052] In some more preferred embodiments, the length of the extension of both ends of each filament bundle to both sides of the support column is 10-20 cm.

[0053] In some more preferred embodiments, the filament bundle is composed of a plurality of nylon filaments, the diameter of the nylon filaments is 0.5-1 mm, and the diameter of the filament bundle is 3-5 mm.

[0054] In some more preferred embodiments, the diameter of the support column is 5-10 cm, the length is 1-1.4 m, and the depth of the bottom cast in the front end of the arc-shaped top plate is 30-40 cm.

[0055] In some more preferred embodiments, the support column may include a solid cylinder made of PVC material, but is not limited thereto.

[0056] The submarine sediment interception and siltation promotion dike provided by the embodiment of the present invention can prevent the frontal impact of sea waves. Sediments pass through the surface of the arc-shaped top plate with the water flow and fall onto the seabed on the shoreward side of the siltation dam; the siltation dam is only open to the shore, forming a semi-closed sand collection space, which does not affect the shoreward transmission of sand grains and at the same time prevents them from retreating; when the height of the silted sand surface reaches the top position of the support plate, the whole sediment interception and siltation promotion dike can be lifted by connecting the steel bar rings on the arc-shaped top plate of the siltation dam to realize its sustainable utilization; through the flexible blocking process of the filamentous brush, sand grains can be effectively filtered, preventing them from retreating into the sea and fixing the sea sand on the shoreward side of the siltation dam.

[0057] In some preferred embodiments, the inclined one-way sand barrier includes an inclined sand barrier and a one-way sand transport channel. Among them, the inclined sand barrier is inclined towards the shore, the one-way sand transport channel is arranged at the bottom of the inclined sand barrier, and a support column is also provided on the inclined sand barrier on the shoreward side. The other end of the support column is fixedly connected to a fixed anchor fixed on the ground surface; in a windless state, the inclined sand barrier is in a closed state under the action of gravity; under the action of the onshore wind, the inclined sand barrier opens, allowing the sand flow to smoothly enter the beach; under the action of the offshore wind, the inclined sand barrier closes, blocking the sand from retreating into the sea water.

[0058] In some more preferred embodiments, the inclination angle of the inclined sand barrier is 60-80°.

[0059] In some more preferred embodiments, the inclined sand barrier includes a plurality of inclined frames arranged at intervals, and a warp-knitted HDPE mesh is arranged inside the inclined frames.

[0060] In some more preferred embodiments, there is a vacancy in the area at the bottom of the inclined frame with a height of 20-30 cm.

[0061] In some more preferred embodiments, the width of the inclined frame along the shoreline direction is 2-4 m, and the heights of the top ends of the inclined frame and the HDPE mesh from the ground surface are both 1.5-1.8 m.

[0062] In some more preferred embodiments, the columns of the inclined frame are bent at a height of 20-30 cm from the ground surface and vertically inserted into the ground surface, and the depth inserted into the ground is 60-80 cm.

[0063] In some preferred embodiments, the inclined frame is welded by galvanized steel pipes with a diameter of 3-5 cm.

[0064] In some more preferred embodiments, the HDPE mesh is fixed to the inclined frame by bundling with coated metal wires, and the porosity of the HDPE mesh is 30-40%.

[0065] In some more preferred embodiments, the unidirectional sand transport channel is fixedly inserted into the vacancy at the bottom of the inclined sand barrier.

[0066] In some more preferred embodiments, the unidirectional sand transport channel includes an arc-shaped top plate, side plates, a bottom plate, an inclined baffle and a hinge. The arc-shaped top plate has an upwardly curved structure on the seaward side, forming a trumpet-shaped air flow contraction and acceleration channel with the ground surface. The landward end of the arc-shaped top plate is a downward inclined closing end, and an inclined baffle is provided.

[0067] In some more preferred embodiments, the inclined baffle is connected to the landward end of the arc-shaped top plate by a hinge, and the thickness of the inclined baffle is 1-2 mm.

[0068] In some more preferred embodiments, the length of the arc-shaped top plate along the coastline direction is 1-2 m, the width along the direction perpendicular to the coastline is 2-3 m, the height of the seaward end of the arc-shaped top plate from the ground surface is 40-60 cm, and the height of the landward end of the arc-shaped top plate from the ground surface is 10-15 cm.

[0069] In some more preferred embodiments, the spacing between the side plates along the coastline direction is 50-100 cm.

[0070] In some more preferred embodiments, the arc-shaped top plate, side plates and bottom plate are integrally bonded by hot melting of HDPE plates.

[0071] In some more preferred embodiments, the thicknesses of the arc-shaped top plate, side plates and bottom plate are all 3-5 mm.

[0072] In some more preferred embodiments, a spare extension section is also provided at the inclined closing end. The landward end of the extension section is a downward inclined closing end, and an inclined baffle is provided.

[0073] In some more preferred embodiments, the inclined baffle is connected to the landward end of the extension section by a hinge.

[0074] In some more preferred embodiments, the thickness of the inclined baffle is 1-2 mm.

[0075] The inclined one-way sand barrier provided by the embodiments of the present invention combines an inclined sand barrier and a one-way sand transport channel, enabling the inclined one-way sand barrier to have the function of transporting sand on one side and blocking sand on the other side. It can promote the onshore transport of sea sand, prevent it from retreating seaward, and achieve the purpose of long-term sand accumulation on the beach. The one-way sand transport channel and the ground surface together form a streamlined structure with a gradually narrowing opening, which plays a role in accelerating the sand flow and increasing the passing rate of sand grains. In addition, at the narrowing opening on the onshore side, an inclined one-way valve structure is adopted, which can allow the flowing sand transported onshore to pass smoothly while preventing it from retreating seaward. The one-way sand transport channel extends in the onshore direction, and the one-way valve at the port is far from the sand accumulation area at the bottom of the sand barrier, so that the sand accumulation near the onshore side of the sand barrier will not bury and affect the one-way sand transport channel and the one-way valve, and the sand transport and sand blocking functions do not affect each other. When the sand accumulation on the onshore side of the inclined sand barrier is about to bury the inclined narrowing opening, an extension section can be connected at the narrowing opening, enabling the device to continuously play the dual functions of onshore sand transport and seaward sand blocking. The inclined sand barrier inclines onshore, reducing the wind resistance of the onshore wind and suppressing the upward acceleration effect of the air flow under the action of the onshore wind, which can effectively improve the sand accumulation rate on the onshore side.

[0076] In some preferred embodiments, the triangular sand barrier includes a square frame and an HDPE net wound and fixed on the square frame, forming a framed net; the tops of the two framed nets are connected by hinges, and the bottoms are respectively fixed by fixing pins to form a stable triangular wind-blocking structure.

[0077] In some more preferred embodiments, the length of the framed net is 2 - 3 m, and the height is 1.5 - 1.8 m.

[0078] In some more preferred embodiments, the opening angle at the tops of the two framed nets is 50 - 70°.

[0079] In some more preferred embodiments, the length of the fixing pin is 60 - 80 cm.

[0080] The triangular sand barrier provided by the embodiments of the present invention has a stable structure, adopts a large-space three-dimensional structure for double sand blocking, effectively reduces the near-surface wind speed in the middle and leeward sides of the sand barrier, has higher sand blocking and sand fixation efficiency, and a larger sand blocking amount. When the triangular sand barrier is buried to half of its height, the fixing pins can be dug out and pulled out, and manual lifting can be adopted to increase the exposed height of the triangular sand barrier and restore its sand blocking and sand fixation functions. The main components are two framed nets connected by hinges. During on-site installation, only need to open the framed nets to a certain angle and drive in the fixing pins, which is simple and fast in operation, saving construction costs. Moreover, the framed nets connected by hinges are regular planar structures, improving the transportation efficiency and saving transportation costs.

[0081] Embodiment

[0082] Refer to Figure 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands, which includes a bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef 4, releasing seedlings of white butterfly shells 6 and Triton's trumpet 5, a submarine sand-trapping and silt-promoting dike 1, an inclined one-way sand-blocking barrier 2, and a triangular sand-blocking barrier 3 arranged in sequence from the near-shore waters of the island to the beach 8 above the highest high-tide line. The bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef 4, the submarine sand-trapping and silt-promoting dike 1, the inclined one-way sand-blocking barrier 2, and the triangular sand-blocking barrier 3 are respectively parallel to the coastline and are arranged in multiple rows and bands, and the distance between adjacent banded areas is 10-30m; during the breeding period from May to October every year, in the area where the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef 4 is set, release seedlings of large pearl shellfish - white butterfly shells 6, and seedlings of Triton's trumpet 5 that can control the number of starfish and protect coral reefs.

[0083] In this embodiment, the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef 4 is arranged in a multi-band shape like a Chinese character "pin" along the coastline, and the specific structure of the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef 4, such as Figure 2 shown, includes a bell-shaped main body with a hollow streamline structure. Circular holes 41 are opened on the outer wall of the bell-shaped main body, and wave-dissipating block bodies 42 with square-columnar protrusions are provided. Moreover, a notch 43 is also provided at the bottom of the bell-shaped main body to improve the basic stability of the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef 4 on the seabed surface; the height of the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef 4 is 1.8-2.5m, the wall thickness is 20-40cm, the bottom diameter is 1.5-2m, and the diameter of the circular hole 41 is 20-30cm.

[0084] As Figure 3 shown, the submarine sand-trapping and silt-promoting dike 1 includes a siltation dam and sand-trapping brush columns 12. Among them, the siltation dam includes an arc-shaped top plate 11, a base 15, and a support plate 13. The arc-shaped top plate 11 is connected and fixed to the base 15 through the support plate 13; the arc-shaped top plate 11 has a streamline rising structure, and the arc-shaped top plate 11, the support plate 13, and the base 15 are an integrally formed structure cast with reinforced concrete. The support plate 13 is arranged in the middle of the arc-shaped top plate 11 and is located on the shoreward side of the arc-shaped top plate 11; a tenon and mortise structure connection kit 16 is provided on the base 15. One end of the base 15 is recessed, and the other end protrudes, so that the siltation dams are connected into a whole along the coastline direction; more specifically, through holes are opened on both the support plate 13 and the base 15, and the diameter of the through holes is 15-25cm; the length of the arc-shaped top plate 11 along the coastline direction is 2-4m, the width along the direction perpendicular to the shoreline is 1.5-3m, and the height of the arc-shaped top plate 11 is 1.2-1.8m; two steel bar connection rings 14 are also provided on the upper end surface of the arc-shaped top plate 11 for overall hoisting by a crane.

[0085] The specific structure of the sand-trapping brush column 12 is referred to Figure 4 , and includes a support column 122 and filamentous brushes 121 fixed on the support column 122, as Figure 5As shown in the figure, the filamentous brush 121 includes a plurality of filament bundles 123 densely distributed along the length direction of the support column 122. Both ends of each filament bundle 123 extend to both sides of the support column 122, and the bottom of the support column 122 is cast and fixed at the front end of the arc-shaped top plate 11 of the sediment dam, and the casting depth is 30 - 40 cm; the diameter of the filamentous brush 121 is 25 - 50 cm, and the length is 60 - 100 cm; the length of both ends of each filament bundle 123 extending to both sides of the support column 122 is 10 - 20 cm; the filament bundle 123 is composed of multiple nylon filaments, the diameter of the nylon filament is 0.5 - 1 mm, and the diameter of the filament bundle 123 is 3 - 5 mm; the diameter of the support column 122 is 5 - 10 cm, and the length is 1 - 1.4 m. The support column 122 is a solid cylinder made of PVC material.

[0086] As Figure 6 shown, the inclined one-way sand barrier 2 includes an inclined sand barrier and a one-way sand transportation channel. Among them, the inclined sand barrier is inclined towards the shore at an angle of 60 - 80°, and the inclined sand barrier includes a plurality of inclined frames 29 arranged at intervals. And in the inclined frame 29, a warp-knitted HDPE net 21 with a porosity of 30 - 40% is bundled and fixed by coated metal wires. There is a vacancy in the area at the bottom of the inclined frame 29 with a height of 20 - 30 cm. The width of the inclined frame 29 along the shoreline direction is 2 - 4 m. The heights of the tops of the inclined frame 29 and the HDPE net 21 from the ground surface are both 1.5 - 1.8 m; among them, the columns of the inclined frame 29 are bent at a height of 20 - 30 cm from the ground surface and vertically inserted into the ground surface, and the inserted depth into the ground is 60 - 80 cm. And the inclined frame is welded by galvanized steel pipes with a diameter of 3 - 5 cm. The one-way sand transportation channel is inserted and fixed in the vacancy at the bottom of the inclined sand barrier. The one-way sand transportation channel includes an arc-shaped top plate 23, side plates 30, a bottom plate 22, an inclined baffle 24 and a hinge 25. The arc-shaped top plate 23 is in an upwardly curved arc structure on the sea side, forming a trumpet-shaped air flow contraction and acceleration channel with the ground surface. The onshore end of the arc-shaped top plate 23 is a downward inclined closing opening, and an inclined baffle 24 is provided. The inclined baffle 24 is connected to the onshore end of the arc-shaped top plate 23 through a hinge 25, and the thickness of the inclined baffle 24 is 1 - 2 mm; the length of the arc-shaped top plate 23 along the shoreline direction is 1 - 2 m, the width along the direction perpendicular to the shoreline is 2 - 3 m, the height of the sea side end of the arc-shaped top plate 23 from the ground surface is 40 - 60 cm, and the height of the onshore end of the arc-shaped top plate 23 from the ground surface is 10 - 15 cm; the spacing of the side plates 30 along the shoreline direction is 50 - 100 cm; the arc-shaped top plate 23, the side plates 30 and the bottom plate 22 are hot-melt bonded into one body by HDPE plates, and the thicknesses of the arc-shaped top plate 23, the side plates 30 and the bottom plate 22 are all 3 - 5 mm.

[0087] There is also a spare extension section 28 at the inclined closing end. The onshore end of the extension section 28 has a downward inclined closing, and is provided with an inclined baffle. The inclined baffle is connected to the onshore end of the extension section 28 through a hinge, and the thickness of the inclined baffle is 1-2 mm. During the implementation process, there is also a support column 26 on the inclined sand barrier 21 on the onshore side, and the other end of the support column 26 is connected and fixed to a fixed pin 27 fixed on the ground surface. In a windless state, the inclined sand barrier 21 is in a closed state under the action of gravity. Under the action of the onshore wind, the inclined sand barrier opens, allowing the sand flow to smoothly enter the beach. Under the action of the offshore wind, the inclined sand barrier closes, blocking the sand from retreating into the sea water.

[0088] Refer to Figure 7 , the triangular sand barrier includes a square frame and an HDPE net wound and fixed on the square frame, forming a frame net 31; the tops of the two frame nets 31 are connected by a hinge 33, and the bottoms are respectively fixed by fixed pins 32 to form a stable triangular wind-blocking structure; the length of the frame net 31 is 2-3 m, the height is 1.5-1.8 m, the opening angle at the tops of the two frame nets 31 is 50-70°, and the length of the fixed pin 32 is 60-80 cm.

[0089] Through the comprehensive application of several measures such as the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef 4, releasing the seedlings of white butterfly shells 6 and Triton shells 5, the submarine sand-trapping and silt-promoting dike 1, the inclined one-way sand barrier 2 and the triangular sand barrier 3, the height of the seabed and the beach gradually increases. By raising the submarine sand-trapping and silt-promoting dike and the triangular sand barrier, and connecting the extension section at the closing end of the onshore side of the inclined one-way sand barrier, the sustainable utilization of the engineering facilities can be realized, and the purpose of lifting the ground surface and promoting siltation and land reclamation can be achieved for a long time.

[0090] In addition, the inventor of this case also referred to the foregoing embodiments and conducted tests with other raw materials, process operations, and process conditions described in this specification, and all obtained relatively ideal results.

[0091] Although the present invention has been described with reference to the illustrative embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various other changes, omissions and / or additions can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and the elements of the embodiments can be replaced with substantial equivalents. In addition, many modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the present invention. Therefore, it is not intended to limit the present invention to the specific embodiments disclosed for carrying out the present invention, but it is intended that the present invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims. In addition, unless specifically stated, any use of the terms first, second, etc. does not indicate any order or importance, but the terms first, second, etc. are used to distinguish one element from another element.

Claims

1. A sand coast and island silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system, characterized in that It includes a bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef, releasing of young white butterfly shells and triton shells, a submarine sediment retaining and silt promoting dike, an inclined one-way sand retaining barrier and a triangular sand retaining barrier arranged in sequence along the direction from the inshore waters of the island to the beach above the highest tide line. The bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef, the submarine sediment retaining and silt promoting dike, the inclined one-way sand retaining barrier and the triangular sand retaining barrier are respectively parallel to the coastline and are arranged in multiple rows and in a strip shape, and the distance between adjacent strip areas is 10-30 m. The submarine sediment retaining and silt promoting dike includes a siltation dam and a sand retaining brush column; the siltation dam includes an arc-shaped top plate, a base and a support plate, and the arc-shaped top plate is connected and fixed to the base through the support plate, and the arc-shaped top plate has a streamline rising structure; the sand retaining brush column includes a support column and filamentous brushes fixed on the support column. The filamentous brushes include a plurality of filaments densely distributed along the length direction of the support column, and both ends of each filament extend to both sides of the support column, and the bottom of the support column is cast and fixed at the front end of the arc-shaped top plate of the siltation dam.

2. The silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands according to claim 1, wherein: The bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef is arranged in a multi-strip shape in a zigzag pattern along the coastline.

3. The sediment-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef includes a bell-shaped main body with a hollow streamline structure. There are round holes on the outer wall of the bell-shaped main body and wave-dissipating block bodies with square columnar protrusions are provided, and there is also a notch at the bottom of the bell-shaped main body.

4. The silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands according to claim 3, characterized in that: The height of the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef is 1.8-2.5 m, the wall thickness is 20-40 cm, the bottom diameter is 1.5-2 m, and the diameter of the round hole is 20-30 cm.

5. The silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the area where the bell-shaped wave-dissipating fish reef is set, young white butterfly shells and triton shells are released.

6. The silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped top plate, the support plate and the base are integrally formed structures cast with reinforced concrete, and the support plate is arranged in the middle of the arc-shaped top plate and on the shoreward side of the arc-shaped top plate.

7. The silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a connection kit with mortise and tenon structures on the base. One end of the base is recessed and the other end protrudes, so that the siltation dams are connected into a whole along the coastline direction.

8. The silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands according to claim 1, characterized in that: Through holes with a diameter of 15-25 cm are opened on both the support plate and the base.

9. The silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is also a steel bar connection ring on the upper end surface of the arc-shaped top plate for overall hoisting by a crane.

10. The siltation and land reclamation system for sandy coasts and islands according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the arc-shaped top plate along the coastline direction is 2-4 m, the width along the direction perpendicular to the coastline is 1.5-3 m, the height of the arc-shaped top plate is 1.2-1.8 m, and the wall thickness is 15-25 cm.

11. The sand coast and island silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the filamentous brush is 25-50 cm and the length is 60-100 cm.

12. The silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands according to claim 1, wherein: The length of both ends of each filament extending to both sides of the support column is 10-20 cm.

13. The siltation and land reclamation system for sandy coasts and islands according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filament is composed of multiple nylon wires, the diameter of the nylon wire is 0.5-1 mm, and the diameter of the filament is 3-5 mm.

14. The silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the support column is 5-10 cm, the length is 1-1.4 m, and the bottom is fixed at the front end of the arc-shaped top plate by casting, and the depth of penetration into the arc-shaped top plate is 30-40 cm.

15. The siltation-promoting and land-reclamation system for sandy coasts and islands according to claim 1, wherein: The support column is a solid column made of PVC material.

16. The silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclined one-way sand barrier includes an inclined sand barrier and a one-way sand transport channel; the inclined sand barrier is inclined towards the shore, the one-way sand transport channel is arranged at the bottom of the inclined sand barrier in an interspersed manner, and a support column is also provided on the shore side of the inclined sand barrier, and the other end of the support column is fixedly connected to a fixing pin fixed on the ground surface; in the state of no wind, the one-way sand transport channel is in a closed state under the action of gravity; under the action of the onshore wind, the one-way sand transport channel opens, enabling the sand flow to smoothly enter the beach; under the action of the offshore wind, the one-way sand transport channel closes, blocking the sand from retreating into the sea water.

17. The sand coast and island silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system according to claim 16, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the inclined sand barrier is 60 - 80°.

18. The silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands according to claim 16, characterized in that: The inclined sand barrier includes a plurality of inclined frames arranged at intervals, and a warp-knitted HDPE mesh is arranged inside the inclined frames.

19. The sand coast and island silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system according to claim 18, characterized in that: There is a vacancy in the area at the bottom of the inclined frame with a height of 20 - 30 cm.

20. The sand coast and island silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system according to claim 18, wherein: The width of the inclined frame along the shoreline direction is 2 - 4 m, and the heights of the top ends of the inclined frame and the HDPE mesh from the ground surface are both 1.5 - 1.8 m.

21. The silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands according to claim 18, characterized in that: The columns of the inclined frame are bent at a height of 20 - 30 cm from the ground surface and vertically inserted into the ground, and the depth inserted into the ground is 60 - 80 cm.

22. The sand coast and island silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system according to claim 18, characterized in that: The inclined frame is welded by galvanized steel pipes with a diameter of 3 - 5 cm.

23. The silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands according to claim 18, characterized in that: The HDPE mesh is fixed on the inclined frame by bundling with coated metal wires, and the porosity of the HDPE mesh is 30 - 40%.

24. The sand coast and island silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system according to claim 17, characterized in that: The one-way sand transport channel is interspersed and fixed at the vacancy at the bottom of the inclined sand barrier.

25. The sand coast and island silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system according to claim 17, characterized in that: The one-way sand transport channel includes an arc-shaped top plate, side plates, a bottom plate, an inclined baffle and a hinge. The sea-facing side of the arc-shaped top plate is an upwardly warped arc-shaped structure, forming a trumpet-shaped air flow contraction and acceleration channel with the ground surface. The shore-facing end of the arc-shaped top plate is a downward inclined closing opening, and an inclined baffle is provided.

26. The sand coast and island silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system according to claim 25, characterized in that: The inclined baffle is connected to the shore-facing end of the arc-shaped top plate through a hinge, and the thickness of the inclined baffle is 1 - 2 mm.

27. The sand coast and island silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system according to claim 26, wherein: The length of the arc-shaped top plate along the shoreline direction is 1 - 2 m, the width along the direction perpendicular to the shoreline is 2 - 3 m, the height of the sea-facing end of the arc-shaped top plate from the ground surface is 40 - 60 cm, and the height of the shore-facing end of the arc-shaped top plate from the ground surface is 10 - 15 cm.

28. The siltation-promoting and land-reclamation system for sandy coasts and islands according to claim 25, wherein: The spacing of the side plates along the shoreline direction is 50 - 100 cm.

29. The siltation-promoting and land-reclamation system for sandy coasts and islands according to claim 25, wherein: The arc-shaped top plate, side plates and bottom plate are integrally bonded by hot melting of HDPE plates.

30. The sand coast and island silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system according to claim 25, wherein: The thicknesses of the arc-shaped top plate, side plates and bottom plate are all 3 - 5 mm.

31. The silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands according to claim 25, wherein: There is also a spare extension section at the inclined closing opening. The shore-facing end of the extension section is a downward inclined closing opening, and an inclined baffle is provided.

32. The silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system for sandy coasts and islands according to claim 31, wherein: The inclined baffle is connected to the shore-facing end of the extension section through a hinge.

33. The sand coast and island silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system according to claim 31, characterized in that: The thickness of the inclined baffle is 1 - 2 mm.

34. The siltation-promoting and land-reclamation system for sandy coasts and islands according to claim 1, wherein: The triangular sand barrier includes a square frame and an HDPE mesh wound and fixed on the square frame to form a frame mesh; the tops of the two frame meshes are connected by hinges, and the bottoms are respectively fixed by fixing pins to form a stable triangular wind-blocking structure.

35. The sand coast and island silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system according to claim 34, characterized in that: The length of the frame mesh is 2 - 3 m, and the height is 1.5 - 1.8 m.

36. The sand coast and island silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system according to claim 34, characterized in that: The opening angle at the top of the two frame nets is 50-70°.

37. The sand coast and island silt-promoting and land-reclaiming system according to claim 34, characterized in that: The length of the fixed drill rod is 60-80 cm.

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