Display device

Abstract

A display device includes a display panel configured to display an image, and a film actuator configured to vibrate the display panel, wherein the film actuator includes a plurality of vibration generation devices configured with a composite film, and wherein the plurality of vibration generation devices are configured to have different expansion coefficients.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the original application with the application number 202011393134.6 (application date: December 2, 2020, and the invention name: display device) for an invention patent. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure relates to a display device. BACKGROUND

[0003] In a display device, a display panel displays an image, and a separate speaker should be generally installed to provide sound. When the speaker is provided in the display device, the speaker occupies space, and as a result, the design and space arrangement of the display device are limited.

[0004] A speaker applied to a display device can be, for example, an actuator including a magnet and a coil. However, when the actuator is applied to the display device, its thickness is thick. A piezoelectric element capable of implementing thinness has drawn wide attention.

[0005] Because the piezoelectric element has a fragile characteristic, the piezoelectric element is easily damaged by external impact, and as a result, the reliability of sound reproduction is low. In addition, when the piezoelectric element is configured to be one layer for implementing different frequencies without increasing the thickness of the piezoelectric element, there can be a problem in that it is difficult to output desired sound. SUMMARY

[0006] Accordingly, an embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a display device substantially obviating one or more problems of the limitations and disadvantages of the related art.

[0007] Accordingly, the inventors have recognized the above-described problems and have conducted various experiments to improve the quality of sound and output desired sound despite being implemented as one layer. Through various experiments, the inventors have invented a display device having a new structure for improving the quality of sound and outputting desired sound on the basis of being implemented as one layer.

[0008] One aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a display device including a vibration generating device provided on a rear surface of a display panel and vibrating the display panel to generate sound, and as a result, sound pressure characteristics and localization of sound are excellent.

[0009] Another aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a display device including a vibration generating device for reducing heat generation.

[0010] Additional features and aspects of the present disclosure will be set forth in the description below, and in part will be apparent from the description, or can be learned by practice of the inventive concepts provided herein. The novel features and aspects of the inventive concepts can be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

[0011] To achieve these and other inventive concepts, as embodied and broadly described herein, a display apparatus includes a display panel configured to display an image, and a plurality of vibration generation devices configured to vibrate the display panel, wherein each of the plurality of vibration generation devices includes a plurality of first portions having piezoelectric properties and a plurality of second portions disposed near the plurality of first portions to have expansion coefficients, and the plurality of vibration generation devices have different expansion coefficients.

[0012] In another aspect, a display apparatus includes a display panel configured to display an image, and a plurality of vibration generation devices configured to vibrate the display panel, wherein each of the plurality of vibration generation devices includes a plurality of piezoelectric portions having piezoelectric properties and a plurality of expansion portions disposed near the plurality of piezoelectric portions, and the plurality of vibration generation devices are implemented to have different frequency characteristics.

[0013] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description of the present disclosure are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the subject application as claimed.

[0014] Addendum 1. A display apparatus, the display apparatus comprising:

[0015] a display panel configured to display an image; and

[0016] a plurality of vibration generation devices configured to vibrate the display panel,

[0017] wherein each of the plurality of vibration generation devices includes:

[0018] a plurality of first portions having piezoelectric properties; and

[0019] a plurality of second portions disposed near the plurality of first portions to have a negative expansion coefficient or a zero expansion coefficient, and

[0020] the plurality of vibration generation devices have different expansion coefficients.

[0021] Addendum 2. The display apparatus according to Addendum 1, wherein the plurality of second portions are disposed between the plurality of first portions.

[0022] Clause 3. The display device of clause 1, wherein the plurality of first portions are disposed on the same plane as the plurality of second portions.

[0023] Clause 4. The display device of clause 1, wherein the plurality of second portions are disposed on an upper surface or a lower surface of the plurality of first portions.

[0024] Clause 5. The display device of clause 1, wherein,

[0025] the plurality of vibration generating devices include a first vibration generating device, a second vibration generating device, and a third vibration generating device, and

[0026] an expansion coefficient of the first vibration generating device is less than an expansion coefficient of the second vibration generating device, and an expansion coefficient of the second vibration generating device is less than an expansion coefficient of the third vibration generating device.

[0027] Clause 6. The display device of clause 5, wherein the first vibration generating device is implemented as one or more of a receiver and a tweeter, the second vibration generating device is implemented as a loudspeaker, and the third vibration generating device is implemented as a haptic device.

[0028] Clause 7. The display device of clause 1, wherein,

[0029] the plurality of vibration generating devices include a first vibration generating device, a second vibration generating device, and a third vibration generating device, and

[0030] a width of each of the plurality of second portions of the first vibration generating device is less than a width of each of the plurality of second portions of the second vibration generating device, and a width of each of the plurality of second portions of the second vibration generating device is less than a width of each of the plurality of second portions of the third vibration generating device.

[0031] Clause 8. The display device of clause 1, wherein,

[0032] the plurality of vibration generating devices include a first vibration generating device, a second vibration generating device, and a third vibration generating device, and

[0033] a width of each of the plurality of first portions of the first vibration generating device is less than a width of each of the plurality of first portions of the second vibration generating device, and a width of each of the plurality of first portions of the second vibration generating device is less than a width of each of the plurality of first portions of the third vibration generating device.

[0034] Note 9. The display apparatus of note 1, wherein a direction of expansion and contraction of each of the plurality of first portions is the same as a direction of expansion and contraction of each of the plurality of second portions.

[0035] Note 10. The display apparatus of note 1, further comprising:

[0036] an adhesive member between a rear surface of the display panel and the plurality of vibration generating devices;

[0037] a first electrode on an upper surface of the plurality of vibration generating devices under the adhesive member; and

[0038] a second electrode on a lower surface of the plurality of vibration generating devices.

[0039] Note 11. The display apparatus of note 10, further comprising:

[0040] a first protective layer on an upper surface of the first electrode under the adhesive member; and

[0041] a second protective layer on a lower surface of the plurality of vibration generating devices.

[0042] Note 12. The display apparatus of note 1, wherein each of the plurality of second portions is formed of a auxetic layer or a cork material.

[0043] Note 13. The display apparatus of note 1, wherein a coefficient of expansion of each of the plurality of second portions is in a range of -0.3 to 0.

[0044] Note 14. The display apparatus of note 1, wherein the plurality of second portions have flexibility.

[0045] Note 15. A display apparatus comprising:

[0046] a display panel that displays an image; and

[0047] a plurality of vibration generating devices that vibrate the display panel,

[0048] wherein,

[0049] each of the plurality of vibration generating devices comprises:

[0050] a plurality of piezoelectric portions having piezoelectric properties; and

[0051] a plurality of expansion portions disposed near the plurality of piezoelectric portions, and

[0052] The plurality of vibration generation devices are implemented to have different frequency characteristics.

[0053] Note 16. The display device according to Note 15, wherein the plurality of piezoelectric portions are disposed on the same plane as the plurality of expansion portions.

[0054] Note 17. The display device according to Note 15, wherein the plurality of piezoelectric portions are disposed on an upper surface or a lower surface of the plurality of expansion portions.

[0055] Note 18. The display device according to Note 15, wherein the plurality of vibration generation devices include a first vibration generation device having a frequency of a high-pitch sound band, a second vibration generation device having a frequency of a medium-pitch sound band, and a third vibration generation device having a frequency of a low-pitch sound band.

[0056] Note 19. The display device according to Note 18, wherein the frequency of the high-pitch sound band is 10 kHz to 20 kHz, the frequency of the medium-pitch sound band is 200 Hz to 10 kHz, and the frequency of the low-pitch sound band is 200 Hz or lower.

[0057] Note 20. The display device according to Note 18, wherein the first vibration generation device is implemented as one or more of a receiver and a tweeter, the second vibration generation device is implemented as a speaker, and the third vibration generation device is implemented as a haptic device.

[0058] Note 21. The display device according to Note 18, wherein an expansion coefficient of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the first vibration generation device is smaller than an expansion coefficient of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the second vibration generation device, and an expansion coefficient of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the second vibration generation device is smaller than an expansion coefficient of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the third vibration generation device.

[0059] Note 22. The display device according to Note 18, wherein a width of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the first vibration generation device is smaller than a width of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the second vibration generation device, and a width of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the second vibration generation device is smaller than a width of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the third vibration generation device.

[0060] Clause 23. The display device of clause 18, wherein a width of each of the plurality of piezoelectric portions of the first vibration generation device is less than a width of each of the plurality of piezoelectric portions of the second vibration generation device, and a width of each of the plurality of piezoelectric portions of the second vibration generation device is less than a width of each of the plurality of piezoelectric portions of the third vibration generation device.

[0061] Clause 24. The display device of clause 18, wherein the first vibration generation device is disposed at an upper portion of the display panel, the second vibration generation device is disposed at a central portion of the display panel, and the third vibration generation device is disposed at a lower portion of the display panel.

[0062] Clause 25. The display device of clause 18, wherein the third vibration generation device is disposed at an upper portion of the display panel, the first vibration generation device is disposed at a central portion of the display panel, and the second vibration generation device is disposed at a lower portion of the display panel.

[0063] Clause 26. The display device of clause 15, further comprising:

[0064] a support member on a rear surface of the display panel; and

[0065] a partition between the display panel and the support member.

[0066] Clause 27. The display device of clause 15, further comprising a partition surrounding the plurality of vibration generation devices.

[0067] Clause 28. The display device of clause 15, further comprising:

[0068] a support member on a rear surface of the display panel;

[0069] a first partition between the display panel and the support member; and

[0070] a second partition surrounding the plurality of vibration generation devices.

[0071] Clause 29. The display device of clause 28, wherein the first partition is disposed along an area between a rear periphery of the display panel and a front periphery of the support member.

[0072] Clause 30. The display device of clause 28, wherein a size of the bulging portion is configured to be adjusted based on a characteristic of a sound band to be reproduced by a vibration of the display panel.

[0073] Note 31. The display device of note 15, wherein the plurality of inflated portions have flexibility.

[0074] Note 32. The display device of note 15, wherein each of the plurality of inflated portions has a negative or zero coefficient of expansion.

[0075] Note 33. The display device of note 32, wherein each of the plurality of inflated portions is formed of a auxetic layer or a cork material.

[0076] Note 34. The display device of note 32, wherein each of the plurality of inflated portions has a coefficient of expansion in a range of -0.3 to 0. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0077] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0078] Figure 1 A display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0079] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along Figure 1 line I-I’ shown.

[0080] Figure 3A and Figure 3B A vibration generating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0081] Figures 4A-4C , Figures 5A-5C , and Figures 6A-6C A displacement change of a vibration generating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0082] Figure 7 A display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0083] Figure 8 A display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0084] Figure 9 A display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0085] Figure 10 A display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0086] Figures 11A-11B and Figures 12A-12BA display apparatus according to another embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated.

[0087] Figures 13A-13C A display apparatus according to another embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0088] Reference will now be made in detail embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of which can be illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

[0089] Advantages and features of the present disclosure and methods of accomplishing the same can be understood by referring to the following embodiments described in detail and the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. Also, the present disclosure should be defined by the scope of the claims only.

[0090] Throughout the drawings and detailed description, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals should be understood to refer to the same elements, features and structures. The relative dimensions of these elements can be exaggerated for clarity, illustration and convenience. The progress of the described processing steps and / or operations is an example; however, the order of the steps and / or operations is not limited to the order set forth herein, and can be changed as known in the art. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. The names of individual elements used in the following description are selected only for the convenience of writing the description, and thus can be different from those used in actual products.

[0091] The shapes, sizes, ratios, angles, and numbers disclosed in the drawings for describing the embodiments of the present disclosure are merely examples, and thus the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the illustrated details. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. In the following description, detailed descriptions of functions or configurations that are related to known functions or configurations will be omitted when it is determined that such detailed descriptions will unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present disclosure.

[0092] In the case of using "include", "have", and "comprise" in the description of the present specification, another component can be added unless "only" is used. Unless otherwise specified, a singular form of a term can include a plural form.

[0093] In interpreting elements, the elements are interpreted to include an error or tolerance range, although there is no explicit description of such an error or tolerance range.

[0094] In describing a positional relationship, for example, when a positional relationship between two components is described as "on", "above", "below", and "next to", unless more restrictive terms such as "just" or "directly" are used, one or more other components can be disposed between the two components.

[0095] In describing a temporal relationship, for example, when a temporal order is described as, for example, "after", "subsequently", "next", and "before", unless more restrictive terms such as "just", "immediately", or "directly" are used, discontinuous cases can be included.

[0096] It should be understood that although the terms "first", "second", and the like can be used herein to describe various elements, such elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0097] In describing the elements of the present disclosure, the terms "first", "second", "A", "B", "(a)", "(b)" and the like can be used. These terms are intended to identify respective elements from other elements and the substance, order, or number of the respective elements should not be limited by these terms. Unless otherwise stated, the expression that an element is "connected", "coupled", or "adhered" to another element or layer indicates that the element or layer can be directly connected or adhered to the other element or layer, but can also be indirectly connected or adhered to the other element or layer with one or more intervening elements or layers "disposed" between the element or layer.

[0098] The term "at least one of" should be understood to include any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. For example, the meaning of "at least one of a first element, a second element, and a third element" indicates all combinations of two or more of the first element, the second element, or the third element, as well as the first element, the second element, or the third element.

[0099] In the description of the embodiments, when a structure is described as being "on or above" or "below or under" another structure, the description should be interpreted to include the case where the structures are in contact with each other as well as the case where a third structure is disposed therebetween. The size and thickness of each element shown in the drawings are given only to facilitate description and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited unless otherwise specified.

[0100] Features of various embodiments of the present disclosure can be partially or wholly coupled or combined with each other and can interoperate and technically drive each other differently as can be sufficiently understood by those skilled in the art. Embodiments of the present disclosure can be executed independently of each other or can be executed together in a mutually dependent relationship.

[0101] In the present disclosure, examples of a display apparatus can include a narrow sense display apparatus such as an organic light emitting display (OLED) module or a liquid crystal module (LCM) including a display panel and a driver for driving the display panel. In addition, the display device can include a package device (or a package apparatus) such as a notebook computer, a television, a computer monitor, a kitted device including a car device or other type of device for a vehicle, or a mobile electronic device such as a smart phone or an electronic tablet, or a kitted electronic device as a complete product (or a final product) including the LCM or the OLED module.

[0102] Therefore, in the present disclosure, examples of a display apparatus can include a narrow sense display apparatus such as an LCM or an OLED module itself, and a package device as a final consumer device or an application product including the LCM or the OLED module.

[0103] In some embodiments, the LCM or the OLED module including the display panel and the driver can be referred to as a narrow sense display apparatus, and the electronic device as a final product including the LCM or the OLED module can be referred to as a package device. For example, the narrow sense display apparatus can include a display panel such as an LCD or an OLED, and a source printed circuit board (PCB) as a controller for driving the display panel. The package device can further include a package PCB as a package controller electrically connected to the source PCB to integrally control the package device.

[0104] The display panel applied to the embodiments of the present disclosure can use all types of display panels such as a liquid crystal display panel, an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display panel, and an electroluminescent display panel, but the embodiments are not limited to a specific display panel that vibrates by the sound generating device according to the embodiments of the present disclosure to output sound. In addition, the shape or size of the display panel applied to the display apparatus according to the embodiments of the present disclosure is not limited.

[0105] For example, if the display panel is a liquid crystal display panel, the display panel can include a plurality of gate lines, a plurality of data lines, and a plurality of pixels respectively disposed in a plurality of pixel regions defined by intersections of the gate lines and the data lines. In addition, the display panel can include an array substrate including a thin film transistor (TFT) as a switching element for adjusting a light transmittance of each of the plurality of pixels, an upper substrate including a color filter and / or a black matrix, and a liquid crystal layer between the array substrate and the upper substrate.

[0106] Further, if the display panel is an organic light emitting display panel, the display panel can include a plurality of gate lines, a plurality of data lines, and a plurality of pixels respectively disposed in a plurality of pixel regions defined by intersections of the gate lines and the data lines. Further, the display panel can include an array substrate including TFTs as elements for selectively applying a voltage to each of the pixels, an organic light emitting device layer on the array substrate, and an encapsulation substrate disposed on the array substrate to cover the organic light emitting device layer. The encapsulation substrate can protect the TFTs and the organic light emitting device layer from external impact, and can prevent water vapor or oxygen from permeating into the organic light emitting device layer. In addition, the layer disposed on the array substrate can include an inorganic light emitting layer (e.g., a nano-sized material layer, a quantum dot, etc.). As another example, the layer disposed on the array substrate can include a micro light emitting diode.

[0107] The display panel can further include a backing such as a metal plate attached on the display panel. However, embodiments are not limited to the metal plate, and the display panel can include another structure.

[0108] In embodiments of the disclosure, the display panel can be applied to a vehicle as a user interface module such as a central control panel for a car. For example, the display panel can be disposed between passengers sitting on two front seats in order to transmit vibration of the display panel to the inside of the vehicle. Accordingly, an audio experience in the vehicle is improved compared to a case in which a speaker is disposed inside the vehicle.

[0109] Hereinafter, embodiments of the disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In adding reference numerals to elements of each drawing, although the same elements are shown in other drawings, similar reference numerals can refer to similar elements. In addition, in order to facilitate description, the ratio of each element shown in the drawings is different from the actual ratio, and thus is not limited to the ratio shown in the drawings.

[0110] To enable a display apparatus to provide sound, a speaker can be implemented as a film type, thereby thinning the thickness of the display apparatus. A film type vibration generation device can be manufactured to have a large area, and can be applied to a display apparatus having a large area, but it is difficult to apply the film type vibration generation device to a large area due to low piezoelectric properties of the film type vibration module because of low vibration. The vibration generation device can be formed of a piezoelectric composite in which a polymer is disposed between ceramics, so that the vibration generation device has flexibility. When the piezoelectric composite is formed by adding a polymer, an imbalance in a phase difference can occur due to a difference in hardness between the ceramics and the polymer. The imbalance in the phase difference can degrade the bending-deformation properties of a flexible display apparatus, and thus, it can be difficult to apply the vibration generation device to the flexible display apparatus. In addition, when each of a plurality of vibration generation devices having different frequencies is disposed in a display apparatus, the thickness of the display apparatus can increase. Accordingly, the inventors have conducted various experiments to implement a vibration generation device having a small difference in rigidity from ceramics, enhanced bending properties, and a thickness of a display apparatus that does not increase. Through various experiments, the inventors have invented a vibration generation device that can be applied to a flexible display apparatus, can not increase the thickness of a display apparatus, can have different frequency characteristics, and can be implemented as a film type formed of one layer. This will be described in detail below.

[0111] Figure 1 A display apparatus according to an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated. Figure 2 is along Figure 1 a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I' shown.

[0112] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a display apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include a front member 10, a display panel 30, and a support member 70.

[0113] The front member 10 can cover a front surface and side surfaces of the display panel 30. Accordingly, the front member 10 can protect the display panel 30 from external impact.

[0114] The front member 10 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include a transparent plastic material, a glass material, or a tempered glass material, but embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, the front member 10 can include one of sapphire glass and gorilla glass or a stacked structure thereof. As another example, the front member 10 can include a transparent plastic material such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The front member 10 can include tempered glass in consideration of scratches and transparency, and in this case, the front member 10 can be referred to as a cover glass.

[0115] The display panel 30 can be coupled or connected to a rear surface (or a backside surface) of the front member 10, and can display an image or can sense a user touch. The display panel 30 can display an image (e.g., an electronic image or a digital image) and can be implemented as one of all types of display panels such as a curved display panel or a liquid crystal display panel, an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display panel, an electroluminescent display panel, etc. If the display panel 30 vibrates to generate sound (or a sound wave) or to generate haptic feedback in response to a touch based on vibration of the vibration generating device 50, the display panel 30 is not limited to a specific display panel.

[0116] For example, based on a structure of a pixel array layer including an anode electrode, a cathode electrode, and an organic compound layer, the display panel 30 can display an image of a type such as a top emission type, a bottom emission type, or a dual emission type. In the top emission type, visible light emitted from the pixel array layer can be irradiated onto an area in front of a base substrate to allow an image to be displayed, and in the bottom emission type, visible light emitted from the pixel array layer can be irradiated onto a rear area behind the base substrate to allow an image to be displayed.

[0117] The vibration generating device 50 can be disposed on a rear surface of the display panel 30. For example, by using the display panel 30 as a vibration plate, the vibration generating device 50 can generate sound or can output haptic feedback in response to a user touch. For example, the vibration generating device 50 can be a sound device or a haptic device that outputs sound or vibration based on an electrical signal.

[0118] The display panel 30 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include a thin film transistor (TFT) array substrate including a plurality of pixels defined by intersections of a plurality of gate lines and / or a plurality of data lines, and a TFT disposed at each of the plurality of pixels to drive a corresponding pixel. The display panel 30 can include a light emitting device layer disposed on the TFT array substrate and an encapsulation substrate covering the light emitting device layer. For example, the encapsulation substrate can protect the TFT and the light emitting device layer from external impact, and can prevent water vapor or moisture from penetrating into the light emitting device layer.

[0119] The display panel 30 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include a curved portion that is curved or bent to have a curved shape or a specific radius of curvature.

[0120] The curved portion of the display panel 30 can be provided at at least one of one edge or periphery and the other edge or periphery of the display panel 30, which are parallel to each other. The one edge or periphery and / or the other edge or periphery of the display panel 30, which is provided with the curved portion, can include only a non-display area, or can include an edge or periphery of a display area and a non-display area. Here, the display panel 30 including the curved portion provided by curving the non-display area can have a structure of a single-sided bezel bending structure or a double-sided bezel bending structure. In addition, the display panel 30 including the curved portion provided by curving the edge or periphery of the non-display area and the display area can have a single-sided active bending structure or a double-sided active bending structure.

[0121] The display apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can further include a support member 70 configured to support the display panel 30, and a connection member 20 disposed between the display panel 30 and the support member 70.

[0122] The support member 70 can be referred to as another term such as a cover bottom, a plate bottom, a back cover, a base frame, a metal frame, a metal chassis, a chassis base, or an m-chassis. Accordingly, the support member 70 can be a support that supports the display panel 30, and can be implemented as an arbitrary type of frame or plate structure disposed on a rear surface of the display apparatus 100, respectively.

[0123] The support member 70 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can cover the entire rear surface of the display panel 30. For example, the support member 70 can include at least one of a glass material, a metal material, and a plastic material each having a plate shape. Here, an edge or a sharp corner of the support member 70 can have an inclined shape or a curved shape by a chamfering process or a corner rounding process. For example, the glass material of the support member 70 can be sapphire glass. As another example, the support member 70 including the metal material can include one of aluminum (Al), an Al alloy, a magnesium (Mg) alloy, and an iron (Fe)-nickel (Ni) alloy.

[0124] The support member 70 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can additionally cover the side surface of the display panel 30. For example, the support member 70 can include a rear surface portion covering the rear surface of the display panel 30 and a side surface portion connected to a part or an end of the rear surface portion and covering the side surface of the display panel 30. For example, the rear surface portion can cover the entire rear surface or a part of the display panel 30. For example, the side surface portion can cover the entire side surface or a part of the display panel 30. However, embodiments are not limited thereto, and the support member 70 can be implemented such that the rear surface portion and the side surface portion are provided as one body.

[0125] The support member 70 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can be connected to the rear periphery of the display panel 30 through the connection member 20. The connection member 20 can be disposed between the rear periphery of the display panel 30 and the periphery of the support member 70, and can attach the display panel 30 to the support member 70. The connection member 20 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can be implemented with a double-sided tape, a single-sided tape, a double-sided adhesive foam pad, or a single-sided adhesive foam pad, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0126] The vibration generation device 50 can be disposed on the rear surface (or backside surface) of the display panel 30. The vibration generation device 50 can be attached on the rear surface of the display panel 30 through the adhesive member 150.

[0127] The adhesive member 150 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can be disposed between the rear surface of the display panel 30 and the vibration generation device 50. For example, the adhesive member 150 can attach the vibration generation device 50 on the rear surface of the display panel 30, and can be an adhesive or a double-sided adhesive tape including an adhesive layer having good adhesive force or attachment force. For example, the adhesive layer of the adhesive member 150 can include an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, silicon, polyurethane, or paraffin, but embodiments are not limited thereto. The adhesive layer of the adhesive member 150 can further include an additive such as a tackifier, a wax component, or an antioxidant. The additive can prevent the adhesive member 150 from being separated (peeled) from the display panel 30 due to the vibration of the vibration module 200. For example, the tackifier can be a rosin derivative or the like, and the wax component can be paraffin or the like, but embodiments of the disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the antioxidant can be a phenolic antioxidant, and for example, can be a thioester, but embodiments of the disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0128] According to another embodiment of the disclosure, the adhesive member 150 can further include a hollow portion disposed between the display panel 30 and the vibration generation device 50. The hollow portion of the adhesive member 150 can provide an air gap between the display panel 30 and the vibration generation device 50. Due to the air gap, a sound wave (or sound pressure) based on the vibration of the vibration generation device 50 can not be dispersed by the adhesive member 150, and can be concentrated on the display panel 30, and thus, a loss of vibration caused by the adhesive member 150 can be minimized, thereby increasing a sound pressure characteristic of a sound generated based on the vibration of the display panel 30.

[0129] The vibration generation device 50 can be implemented as a film type. The thickness of the vibration generation device 50 can be thinner than the thickness of the display panel 30, and thus the thickness of the display panel 30 can not increase despite the vibration generation device 50. The vibration generation device 50 can be referred to as an actuator, an exciter, a transducer, a sound generation module, a sound generation device, a film actuator, a film type piezoelectric composite actuator, a film speaker, a film type piezoelectric speaker, or a film type piezoelectric composite speaker, but these terms are not limited thereto.

[0130] The vibration generation device 50 can include a first vibration generation device 51, a second vibration generation device 53, and a third vibration generation device 55. The first vibration generation device 51, the second vibration generation device 53, and the third vibration generation device 55 can be implemented to have different frequency characteristics. The description will be made below with reference to FIGS. 4A and 4B. Figures 3A-6C The description will be made with reference to FIGS. 4A and 4B.

[0131] The first electrode 62 can be disposed on the upper surface of the vibration generation device 50, and the second electrode 64 can be disposed on the lower surface of the vibration generation device 50.

[0132] The first electrode 62 can be disposed on the first surface (or front surface) of the vibration generation device 50. The first electrode 62 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include a transparent conductive material, a semi-transparent conductive material, or an opaque conductive material. For example, examples of the transparent conductive material or the semi-transparent conductive material can include indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO), but embodiments are not limited thereto. Examples of the opaque conductive material can include aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), gold (Au), silver (Ag), molybdenum (Mo), and Mg, or an alloy thereof, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0133] The second electrode 64 can be disposed on the second surface (or rear surface) of the vibration generation device 50 opposite to the first surface. The second electrode 64 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include a transparent conductive material, a semi-transparent conductive material, or an opaque conductive material. For example, the second electrode 64 can include the same material as the first electrode 62, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0134] The vibration generation device 50 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can further include a first protective layer 72 and a second protective layer 74.

[0135] The first protective layer 72 can be disposed on the first electrode 62 and can protect the first electrode 62 or the first surface of the vibration generation device 50. For example, the first protective layer 72 can support the vibration generation device 50 or can protect the vibration generation device 50 from external impact. For example, the first protective layer 72 can be a polyimide (PI) film or a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0136] The second protective layer 74 can be disposed on the second electrode 64 and can protect the second electrode 64 or a second surface of the vibration generation device 50. For example, the second protective layer 74 can support the vibration generation device 50 or can protect the vibration generation device 50 from external impact. For example, the second protective layer 74 can be a PI film or a PET film, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0137] Figure 3A and Figure 3B A vibration generation device according to an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated.

[0138] Referring to Figure 3A and Figure 3B The vibration generation device 50 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include a plurality of first portions 210 and a plurality of second portions 220. For example, the plurality of first portions 210 can have piezoelectric characteristics, and the plurality of second portions 220 can be disposed near the first portions 210. For example, the plurality of second portions 220 can have flexibility. Each of the plurality of first portions 210 can be referred to as a piezoelectric portion, a piezoelectric material portion, or a vibration portion, but these terms are not limited thereto.

[0139] The plurality of first portions 210 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include a piezoelectric ceramic. For example, the piezoelectric ceramic can be a lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-based material, but embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, the plurality of first portions 210 can include a lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-based material including lead (Pb), zirconium (Zr), and titanium (Ti), or can include a lead zirconate niobate nickelate (PZNN)-based material including lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), and niobium (Nb), but is not limited thereto. As another example, the plurality of first portions 210 can include at least one of CaTiO3, BaTiO3, and SrTiO3 without Pb, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0140] Each of the plurality of first portions 210 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can be formed of a ceramic-based material for generating a relatively high vibration, or can be formed of a piezoelectric ceramic having a perovskite-based crystal structure. The perovskite crystal structure can have a piezoelectric effect and a converse piezoelectric effect, and can be a plate-shaped structure having an orientation. The peroviskite crystal structure can be represented by a chemical formula "ABO3". Here, A can include a divalent metal element, and B can include a tetravalent metal element. For example, in the chemical formula "ABO3", A and B can be cations, and O can be an anion. For example, the chemical formula "ABO3" can include one of PbTiO3, PbZrO3, BaTiO3, and SrTiO3, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0141] When the perovskite crystal structure includes a central ion (e.g., PbTiO3), the position of the Ti ion can be changed by an external stress or magnetic field, and thus the polarization can be changed, thereby generating a piezoelectric effect. For example, in the perovskite crystal structure, a cubic shape corresponding to a symmetric structure can be changed to a tetragonal, orthorhombic, or rhombohedral structure corresponding to an asymmetric structure, and thus a piezoelectric effect can be generated. In the tetragonal, orthorhombic, or rhombohedral structure corresponding to the asymmetric structure, the polarization can be high in a morphotropic phase boundary, and the reorientation of the polarization can be easy, whereby the perovskite crystal structure can have a higher piezoelectric property.

[0142] Figure 3B is Figure 3A an enlarged view of the area A.

[0143] Referring to Figure 3B , each of the plurality of second portions 220 can be disposed between two adjacent first portions of the plurality of first portions 210. For example, the plurality of second portions 220 can include a material having an expansion coefficient. The expansion coefficient can be a ratio of a horizontal direction compression deformation rate to a vertical direction tensile deformation rate. In order for the vibration generating device 50 to include a plurality of vibration generating devices having different frequency characteristics in one layer, the expansion coefficients of the plurality of second portions 220 can be adjusted differently, or the intervals between the first portions 210 and the second portions 220 can be adjusted differently. For example, the second portions 220 can be formed of an auxetic layer. The inventors have recognized that the auxetic layer enables matching of a phase difference or displacement with respect to the ceramic as the first portion 210, or reduction of imbalance of the phase difference. Accordingly, durability against bending deformation can be enhanced, and thus the inventors have recognized that a vibration generating device applied to a flexible display apparatus is provided. For example, the auxetic layer can have a lattice structure, but embodiments are not limited thereto. Changes in displacement of the vibration generating device 50 based on the expansion coefficients of the second portions 220 will be described below with reference to Figures 4A-6C .

[0144] Figures 4A-6C Changes in displacement of a vibration generating device according to an embodiment of the disclosure are illustrated.

[0145] Referring to Figures 4A-6C , the second portion 22 is disposed between adjacent first portions 21. The first portion 21 can include ceramic, and the second portion 22 can include a material having an expansion coefficient. In Figures 4A-6C , a solid arrowhead indicates expansion, and a dashed arrowhead indicates contraction.

[0146] Referring to Figure 4A , a voltage can be applied to a region between two electrodes of the first portion 21. Referring to Figure 4BWhen an electric field having a polarization direction (for example, the same direction as the direction in which displacement is generated) is applied to the first portion 21, the first portion 21 can expand in the horizontal direction. The second portion 22 can have a positive expansion coefficient, and thus, in the second portion 22 having a rigidity smaller than that of the first portion 21, a deformation in which contraction in the horizontal direction and expansion in the vertical direction can occur. Referring to Figure 4C When an electric field having a direction opposite to the polarization direction is applied to the first portion 21, the first portion 21 can contract in the horizontal direction. The second portion 22 can have a positive expansion coefficient, and thus, in the second portion 22 having a rigidity smaller than that of the first portion 21, a deformation in which expansion in the horizontal direction and contraction in the vertical direction can occur. Thus, when the second portion 22 having a positive expansion coefficient is provided, the displacement of the second portion 22 can have a direction opposite to that of the displacement of the first portion 21. For example, when the second portion 22 having a positive expansion coefficient is provided, the expansion and contraction directions of the second portion 22 can be opposite to those of the first portion 21. In addition, the displacement direction of the first portion 21 can be opposite to that of the second portion 22, and thus, when the vibration generating device is provided, the waveform of the sound or vibration generated can be weak and uneven.

[0147] Referring to Figure 5A A voltage can be applied to the region between the two electrodes of the first portion 21. Referring to Figure 5B When an electric field having a direction opposite to the polarization direction is applied to the first portion 21, the first portion 21 can contract in the horizontal direction. The second portion 22 can have a positive expansion coefficient, and thus, in the second portion 22 having a rigidity smaller than that of the first portion 21, a deformation in which expansion in the horizontal direction and contraction in the vertical direction can occur. Thus, when the second portion 22 having a positive expansion coefficient is provided, the displacement of the second portion 22 can have a direction opposite to that of the displacement of the first portion 21. For example, when the second portion 22 having a positive expansion coefficient is provided, the expansion and contraction directions of the second portion 22 can be opposite to those of the first portion 21. In addition, the displacement direction of the first portion 21 can be opposite to that of the second portion 22, and thus, when the vibration generating device is provided, the waveform of the sound or vibration generated can be weak and uneven. Figure 5CWhen an electric field in the opposite direction to the polarization direction is applied to the first portion 21, the first portion 21 can contract in the horizontal direction. The second portion 22 can have a negative expansion coefficient, and thus, a deformation in which contraction in the horizontal direction and contraction in the vertical direction can occur in the second portion 22 having a stiffness smaller than that of the first portion 21. Thus, when the second portion 22 having the negative expansion coefficient is provided, the displacement of the second portion 22 can have the same direction as that of the displacement of the first portion 21. For example, when the second portion 22 having the negative expansion coefficient is provided, the expansion and contraction directions of the second portion 22 can be the same as those of the first portion 21. Thus, the second portion 22 can be provided to have a stiffness similar to that of the first portion 21, and thus, the displacement direction of the first portion 21 can be the same as that of the second portion 22, and thus, when the vibration generating device is provided, the waveform of the sound or vibration can be strong. For example, the second portion 22 having the negative expansion coefficient can be a auxetic layer. For example, the second portion 22 can include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polypropylene (PP), ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), or polyurethane (PU), but embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, the second portion 22 can expand in the horizontal direction during the stretching process, and can contract in the horizontal direction during the compression process, and thus, when the second portion 22 is applied to a display device that is bent or folded, a tension corresponding to the bending deformation can be strongly applied thereto. Thus, a flexible display device having enhanced durability can be implemented. For example, the second portion 22 can include PTFE, PP, UHMWPE, or PU, and the second portion 22 can expand in the vertical direction based on the tension, thereby ensuring durability.

[0148] Referring to Figure 6A A voltage can be applied to a region between the two electrodes of the first portion 21. Referring to Figure 6B When an electric field in the same direction as the polarization direction is applied to the first portion 21, the first portion 21 can expand in the horizontal direction. The second portion 22 can have a zero expansion coefficient, and thus, a deformation in which expansion in the horizontal direction and expansion in the vertical direction can occur in the second portion 22 having a stiffness similar to that of the first portion 21. Referring to Figure 6CWhen an electric field in the opposite direction to the polarization direction is applied to the first portion 21, the first portion 21 can contract in the horizontal direction. The second portion 22 can have a zero expansion coefficient, and thus, a deformation in which contraction in the horizontal direction and contraction in the vertical direction can occur in the second portion 22 having a stiffness similar to that of the first portion 21. Accordingly, when the second portion 22 having the zero expansion coefficient is provided, the displacement of the second portion 22 can have the same direction as that of the displacement of the first portion 21. For example, when the second portion 22 having the zero expansion coefficient is provided, even when the second portion 22 is horizontally stretched or expanded, the displacement direction and amplitude in which almost no vertical contraction (e.g., almost no displacement) is performed can be almost constant. For example, when the second portion 22 having the zero expansion coefficient is provided, the amplitude of the expansion and contraction displacement of the second portion 22 can be almost equal to that of the first portion 21. Accordingly, the second portion 22 having a stiffness similar to that of the first portion 21 can be provided, and thus, the displacement direction of the first portion 21 can be the same as that of the second portion 22, and accordingly, when the vibration generating device is provided, the waveform of the sound or vibration generated can be strong. The second portion 22 having the zero expansion coefficient can include a cork material, but embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, when the second portion 22 is applied to a display device that is bent or folded, a tension corresponding to a bending deformation can be strongly applied thereto, and thus, a flexible display device having enhanced durability can be implemented.

[0149] Accordingly, the second portion 22 of the vibration generating device 50 according to the embodiments of the disclosure can be implemented to have a negative expansion coefficient or a zero expansion coefficient, and thus, a strong vibration or sound can be implemented. For example, the second portion 22 can have an expansion coefficient of -0.3 to 0, but embodiments are not limited thereto. The second portion 22 having an expansion coefficient less than -0.3 can be provided, and thus, the expansion and contraction directions of the second portion 22 can be the same as those of the first portion 21, thereby implementing a vibration generating device having enhanced vibration or sound characteristics. In addition, the second portion 220 can be provided to have a stiffness similar to that of the ceramic as the first portion 210, and thus, an imbalance in displacement or phase difference caused by a stiffness difference between the first portion 210 and the ceramic can be solved, thereby implementing a vibration generating device having enhanced vibration or sound characteristics.

[0150] Figure 7 A display device according to an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated. Figure 8 A display device according to an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated.

[0151] Figure 8 A display device according to an embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated. Figure 7the first to third vibration generation devices 51, 53, and 55 are differently arranged, and thus, the description will be made with reference to Figure 7 The following description can be equally applied to Figure 8 .

[0152] Referring to Figure 7 The display device 100 according to the embodiment of the disclosure can include a vibration generation device 50. The vibration generation device 50 can include a plurality of first portions 210 and a plurality of second portions 220. For example, the plurality of second portions 220 can be disposed between two adjacent first portions of the plurality of first portions 210. The plurality of first portions 210 can include ceramic having a rod shape. For example, the rod shape of each of the plurality of first portions 210 can be a shape corresponding to a cylinder or a polygonal column such as a cuboid shape, but the embodiment is not limited thereto. For example, the plurality of second portions 220 can have a lattice structure including a negative swelling property, but the embodiment is not limited thereto. For example, the plurality of first portions 210 and the plurality of second portions 220 can be disposed (or arranged) side by side on the same plane (or the same layer). Thus, by using the plurality of second portions 220, the vibration generation device 50 can enable matching of displacement with respect to the plurality of first portions 210, or can reduce deformation of displacement, and thus, vibration can be increased, so that piezoelectric properties and flexibility can be ensured. In addition, the plurality of second portions 220 and the plurality of first portions 210 can be alternately disposed on the same plane with respect to one side of the vibration generation device 50 in the length direction X, and thus, the vibration generation device 50 can be configured with a composite film having a single layer structure. Further, the composite film can have a thin thickness, and thus, the thickness of the display device 100 can not be increased.

[0153] The plurality of second portions 220 according to the embodiment of the disclosure can be disposed to fill an area between the respective first portions 210 adjacent thereto. The plurality of second portions 220 can be disposed between two adjacent first portions 210, and thus, can absorb an impact applied on the first portions 210, release stress concentrated on the first portions 210, to enhance overall durability of the vibration generation device 50, and provide flexibility to the vibration generation device 50. The second portions 220 having a negative or zero coefficient of expansion can have a force to expand in a vertical direction based on tension generated in the display device, thereby implementing a flexible display device having durability. Thus, the vibration generation device 50 can have flexibility, and thus, can be bent into a shape matching a shape of the display panel 30. For example, the flexible display device can be a bendable display device or a foldable display device, but the embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0154] The plurality of vibration generation devices 50 can include a first vibration generation device 51, a second vibration generation device 53, and a third vibration generation device 55. The first vibration generation device 51, the second vibration generation device 53, and the third vibration generation device 55 can be implemented to have different frequency characteristics. For example, as described above with reference to FIG. 1, the second portion 220 can be configured to have different expansion coefficients, and thus the first vibration generation device 51, the second vibration generation device 53, and the third vibration generation device 55 can be implemented to have different frequency characteristics. Figures 4A-6C As described above with reference to FIG. 1, the second portion 220 can be configured to have different expansion coefficients, and thus the first vibration generation device 51, the second vibration generation device 53, and the third vibration generation device 55 can be implemented to have different frequency characteristics.

[0155] For example, the first vibration generation device 51 can have a frequency of a high-pitch vocal cord, the second vibration generation device 53 can have a frequency of a medium-pitch vocal cord, and the third vibration generation device 55 can have a frequency of a low-pitch vocal cord. The second portion 220 included in each of the first to third vibration generation devices 51, 53, and 55 can have a negative expansion coefficient or a zero expansion coefficient. The expansion coefficient of the second portion 220 in the first vibration generation device 51 can be less than the expansion coefficient of the second portion 220 in the second vibration generation device 53, the expansion coefficient of the second portion 220 in the second vibration generation device 53 can be less than the expansion coefficient of the second portion 220 in the third vibration generation device 55, and the expansion coefficient of the second portion 220 in the first vibration generation device 51 can be less than the expansion coefficient of the second portion 220 in the third vibration generation device 55. As the expansion coefficient increases, a frequency of a high-pitch vocal cord can be output. For example, the frequency of a high-pitch vocal cord can be 10 kHz to 20 kHz, the frequency of a medium-pitch vocal cord can be 200 Hz to 10 kHz, and the frequency of a low-pitch vocal cord can be 200 Hz or less. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the first vibration generation device 51 can be a tweeter or a receiver, the second vibration generation device 53 can be a speaker or a sound generation device, and the third vibration generation device 55 can be a haptic or a haptic device. For example, in the display apparatus 100 of FIG. 1, the first vibration generation device 51, the second vibration generation device 53, and the third vibration generation device 55 can be disposed in the direction from the upper portion of the display apparatus 100 to the lower portion of the display apparatus 100, but embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, as shown in the display apparatus 100 of FIG. 2, the third vibration generation device 55, the first vibration generation device 51, and the second vibration generation device 53 can be disposed in the direction from the upper portion of the display apparatus 100 to the lower portion of the display apparatus 100. Figure 1 For example, in the display apparatus 100 of FIG. 1, the first vibration generation device 51, the second vibration generation device 53, and the third vibration generation device 55 can be disposed in the direction from the upper portion of the display apparatus 100 to the lower portion of the display apparatus 100, but embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, as shown in the display apparatus 100 of FIG. 2, the third vibration generation device 55, the first vibration generation device 51, and the second vibration generation device 53 can be disposed in the direction from the upper portion of the display apparatus 100 to the lower portion of the display apparatus 100. Figure 8 For example, in the display apparatus 100 of FIG. 1, the first vibration generation device 51, the second vibration generation device 53, and the third vibration generation device 55 can be disposed in the direction from the upper portion of the display apparatus 100 to the lower portion of the display apparatus 100, but embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, as shown in the display apparatus 100 of FIG. 2, the third vibration generation device 55, the first vibration generation device 51, and the second vibration generation device 53 can be disposed in the direction from the upper portion of the display apparatus 100 to the lower portion of the display apparatus 100. Figure 1 For example, in the display apparatus 100 of FIG. 1, the first vibration generation device 51, the second vibration generation device 53, and the third vibration generation device 55 can be disposed in the direction from the upper portion of the display apparatus 100 to the lower portion of the display apparatus 100, but embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, as shown in the display apparatus 100 of FIG. 2, the third vibration generation device 55, the first vibration generation device 51, and the second vibration generation device 53 can be disposed in the direction from the upper portion of the display apparatus 100 to the lower portion of the display apparatus 100.

[0156] As another example, the widths of the first portion 210 and the second portion 220 can be set to be different from each other, so that the first vibration generating device 51, the second vibration generating device 53, and the third vibration generating device 55 have different frequency characteristics. For example, the width d1 of the first portion 210 of the first vibration generating device 51 can be smaller than the width d3 of the first portion 210 of the second vibration generating device 53, the width d3 of the first portion 210 of the second vibration generating device 53 can be smaller than the width d5 ​​of the first portion 210 of the third vibration generating device 55, and the width d1 of the first portion 210 of the first vibration generating device 51 can be smaller than the width d5 ​​of the first portion 210 of the third vibration generating device 55. Therefore, it is possible to realize first vibration generating devices to third vibration generating devices 51, 53, and 55 with different frequencies. For example, the width d2 of the second portion 220 of the first vibration generating device 51 can be smaller than the width d4 of the second portion 220 of the second vibration generating device 53, the width d4 of the second portion 220 of the second vibration generating device 53 can be smaller than the width d6 of the second portion 220 of the third vibration generating device 55, and the width d2 of the second portion 220 of the first vibration generating device 51 can be smaller than the width d6 of the second portion 220 of the third vibration generating device 55. Therefore, it is possible to realize first vibration generating devices to third vibration generating devices 51, 53 and 55 with different frequencies.

[0157] Therefore, the first to third vibration generating devices 51, 53 and 55 with different frequencies can be formed from a single layer, thus enhancing the sound or vibration characteristics without increasing the thickness of the display device 100.

[0158] Figure 9 A display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 10 A display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0159] Figure 10 It shows Figure 9 The embodiments in which the first to third vibration generating devices 51, 53, and 55 are arranged differently will be referred to, therefore, refer to Figure 9 Describe it. The following description can be applied equivalently to... Figure 10 .

[0160] Reference Figure 9According to embodiments of the disclosure, the display device 100 can include a vibration generation apparatus 50. The vibration generation apparatus 50 can include a plurality of first portions 210 and a plurality of second portions 220. For example, the plurality of second portions 220 can be disposed under or above lower surfaces of the plurality of first portions 210. As another example, the plurality of second portions 220 can be disposed under or above lower surfaces of the plurality of first portions 210. The plurality of first portions 210 can include ceramic having a rod shape, and the plurality of second portions 220 can have a lattice structure. For example, the plurality of first portions 210 can be disposed on the entire surface of the display panel 30, and thus a vibration surface of the display panel 300 can be increased, thereby increasing a vibration characteristic. In addition, the vibration generation apparatus 50 can be configured with a composite film having a single layer structure, and the composite film can have a thin thickness, and thus the thickness of the display device 100 can not be increased.

[0161] The plurality of second portions 220 according to embodiments of the disclosure can be disposed on upper or lower surfaces of the first portions 210, and thus can absorb an impact applied to the first portions 210, release stress concentrated on the first portions 210, to enhance the overall durability of the vibration generation apparatus 50. And provide flexibility to the vibration generation apparatus 50. The vibration generation apparatus 50 can have flexibility, and thus can be bent into a shape matching a shape of the display panel 30. The vibration generation apparatus 50 can vibrate based on an electrical signal to vibrate the display panel 30.

[0162] The plurality of vibration generation apparatuses 50 can include a first vibration generation apparatus 51, a second vibration generation apparatus 53, and a third vibration generation apparatus 55. The first vibration generation apparatus 51, the second vibration generation apparatus 53, and the third vibration generation apparatus 55 can be implemented to have different frequency characteristics. For example, as described above with reference to Figures 4A-6C The second portions 220 can be configured to have different expansion coefficients, and thus the first vibration generation apparatus 51, the second vibration generation apparatus 53, and the third vibration generation apparatus 55 can be implemented to have different frequency characteristics.

[0163] For example, the first vibration generating device 51 may have a high-pitched vocal band frequency, the second vibration generating device 53 may have a mid-pitched vocal band frequency, and the third vibration generating device 55 may have a low-pitched vocal band frequency. In this case, the expansion coefficient of the second portion 220 in the first vibration generating device 51 may be smaller than the expansion coefficient of the second portion 220 in the second vibration generating device 53, the expansion coefficient of the second portion 220 in the second vibration generating device 53 may be smaller than the expansion coefficient of the second portion 220 in the third vibration generating device 55, and the expansion coefficient of the second portion 220 in the first vibration generating device 51 may be smaller than the expansion coefficient of the second portion 220 in the third vibration generating device 55. When the expansion coefficient increases, the high-pitched vocal band frequency can be output. For example, the high-pitched vocal band frequency may be 10kHz to 20kHz, the mid-pitched vocal band frequency may be 200Hz to 10kHz, and the low-pitched vocal band frequency may be 200Hz or lower. However, the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the first vibration generating device 51 can be a tweeter or a receiver, the second vibration generating device 53 can be a loudspeaker or a sound generating device, and the third vibration generating device 55 can be a tactile element or a tactile device. For example, in Figure 1 In the display device 100, a first vibration generating device 51, a second vibration generating device 53, and a third vibration generating device 55 may be provided in the direction from the upper part of the display device 100 to the lower part of the display device 100, but the implementation is not limited to this. For example, as Figure 8 As shown, in Figure 1 In the display device 100, a third vibration generating device 55, a first vibration generating device 51, and a second vibration generating device 53 may be provided in the direction from the upper part of the display device 100 to the lower part of the display device 100.

[0164] Therefore, the vibration generating device 50 according to the embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented as a single film, and thus can be thinned to reduce or prevent the increase of the driving voltage. Since the vibration generating device can be implemented as a single film with different frequency characteristics, the thickness of the display device can be increased, thereby providing a display device with vibration characteristics and flexibility.

[0165] Figures 11A-12B A display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0166] Reference Figures 11A-12B According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the display device may further include a separator near the display panel 30. The separator may be an air gap or space that generates sound when the display panel 30 vibrates due to the vibration generating device 50. An air gap or space that generates or transmits sound may be referred to as a separator. The separator may be referred to as a housing or a baffle, but the terminology is not limited thereto.

[0167] For example, the partition 600 can include a first partition 610. The first partition 610 can be disposed between the display panel 30 and the support member 70.

[0168] The first partition 610 can be disposed to surround the vibration generating device 50. For example, the first partition 610 can be disposed along a region between a rear periphery of the display panel 30 and a front periphery of the support member 70. For example, the first partition 610 can be disposed to surround the entire vibration generating device 50. For example, the first partition 610 can be disposed along a region between a rear periphery of the display panel 30 and a front periphery of the support member 70. The first partition 610 can be referred to as an edge partition, a peripheral partition, a soundproofing member, an edge housing, a peripheral housing, or a baffle, but these terms are not limited thereto. For example, the first partition 610 can be disposed to contact or be adjacent to the connection member 20. Figure 2 The illustrated connection member 20. As another example, the first partition 610 can be implemented as one body with the connection member 20.

[0169] Referring to Figure 11A and Figure 11B , a display apparatus according to another embodiment of the disclosure can include Figure 7 and Figure 9 The illustrated vibration generating device 50. For example, the first vibration generating device 51 can be disposed at an upper portion of the display panel 30, the second vibration generating device 53 can be disposed at a center of the display panel 30, and the third vibration generating device 55 can be disposed at a lower portion of the display panel 30. For example, the first vibration generating device 51 can be a receiver and / or a tweeter, the second vibration generating device 53 can be a speaker or a sound generating device, and the third vibration generating device 55 can be a haptic or a haptic device. For example, the first vibration generating device 51 can output a frequency of 10 kHz to 20 kHz, the second vibration generating device 53 can output a frequency of 200 Hz to 10 kHz, and the third vibration generating device 55 can output a frequency of 200 Hz or less.

[0170] Referring to Figure 11B and Figure 12B The partition 600 can include a second partition 620. The second partition 620 can surround the vibration generating device 50. The second partition 620 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can have a shape surrounding the vibration generating device 50, but embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, the second partition 620 can have a shape identical to or different from the overall shape of the vibration generating device 50. For example, when the vibration generating device 50 has a rectangular shape, the second partition 620 can have a rectangular shape having a size greater than that of the vibration generating device 50. As another example, the second partition 620 can have a circular shape surrounding the vibration generating device 50.

[0171] The second partition 620 can limit (or define) a vibration region (or vibration area) of the display panel 30 performed by the vibration generating device 50. For example, in the display panel 30, as the size of the second partition 620 increases, the vibration region of the display panel 30 can increase, and thus, the characteristics of the low-pitched sound band can be enhanced. On the other hand, in the display panel 30, as the size of the second partition 620 decreases, the vibration region of the display panel 30 can decrease, and thus, the characteristics of the high-pitched sound band can be enhanced. Accordingly, the size of the second partition 620 can be set based on the characteristics of the sound band based on the vibration of the display panel 30.

[0172] For example, the partition 600 can include polyurethane, polyolefin, and / or the like, but embodiments are not limited thereto. As another example, the partition 600 can include a single-sided tape, a double-sided tape, a single-sided foam pad, a double-sided foam pad, a single-sided foam tape, and / or a double-sided foam tape, and can include, for example, a material having an elastic force that enables compression to a certain degree.

[0173] The first partition 610 can provide an air gap AG between the display panel 30 and the support member 70 together with the second partition 620. For example, the air gap AG can be referred to as a vibration space, a sound pressure space, a sound box, a sound component, a resonance box, or a resonance component, but the terms are not limited thereto.

[0174] The air gap AG can be disposed in a region of the display panel 30 surrounded by the second partition 620 disposed in the display panel 30 and the first partition 610 disposed in the display panel 30.

[0175] Accordingly, the display apparatus according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include the partition 600, and thus, the reproduced sound band can be optimized. For example, the display apparatus according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include at least one of the first partition 610 and the second partition 620.

[0176] Referring to Figure 12A and Figure 12B , the display apparatus according to another embodiment of the disclosure can include Figure 7 and Figure 9The third vibration generation device 55 can be disposed at an upper portion of the display panel 30, the first vibration generation device 51 can be disposed at a center of the display panel 30, and the second vibration generation device 53 can be disposed at a lower portion of the display panel 30. For example, the third vibration generation device 55 can be a tactile member or a tactile device, the first vibration generation device 51 can be a receiver and / or a tweeter, and the second vibration generation device 53 can be a speaker or a sound generation device. For example, the third vibration generation device 55 can output a frequency of 200 Hz or less, the first vibration generation device 51 can output a frequency of 10 kHz to 20 kHz, and the second vibration generation device 53 can output a frequency of 200 Hz to 10 kHz.

[0177] Figures 13A-13C A display apparatus according to another embodiment of the disclosure is illustrated.

[0178] Referring to Figures 13A-13C , a display apparatus according to another embodiment of the disclosure can include a vibration generation device according to another embodiment of the disclosure, and can be configured with Figures 7-10 one of the vibration generation devices.

[0179] Referring to Figure 13A , the vibration generation device 50 according to an embodiment of the disclosure can be applied to a commercial display apparatus or a flexible display apparatus including a display panel 30 including a plurality of curved surface portions CSP1 to CSP5 including convex portions or concave portions. For example, the vibration generation device 50 can be implemented to be bent in a shape having a curvature value (or a curvature radius) matching each of the convex portions or the concave portions of the curved surface portions CSP1 to CSP5 of the display panel 30 and can be disposed in each of the convex portions or the concave portions of the curved surface portions CSP1 to CSP5 of the display panel 30. As another example, the vibration generation device 50 can be implemented to have a shape corresponding to a curvature value (or a curvature radius) of each of the curved surface portions CSP1 to CSP5 of the display panel 30 and can be disposed on the entire rear surface of the display panel 30.

[0180] Referring to Figure 13BAccording to embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration generation device 50 can be applied to a wearable display device including a display panel 30 wound in a spiral shape or unfolded. For example, the vibration generation device 50 according to embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented to have a shape of a curvature value (or a curvature radius) of the display panel 30 wound in a spiral shape or unfolded, and a plurality of vibration generation devices 50 can be arranged on a rear surface of the display panel 30 at a certain interval. As another example, the vibration generation device 50 can be implemented to have a shape corresponding to a curvature value (or a curvature radius) of the display panel 30 wound in a spiral shape or unfolded, and can be disposed on the entire rear surface of the display panel 30.

[0181] Referring to Figure 13C According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration generation device 50 can be applied to a wearable display device including a display panel 30 wound on a wrist of a user and bent in a C shape. For example, the vibration generation device 50 according to embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented to have a shape of a curvature value (or a curvature radius) of the display panel 30 bent in a C shape, and a plurality of vibration generation devices 50 can be arranged on a rear surface of the display panel 30 at a certain interval. As another example, the vibration generation device 50 can be implemented to have a shape corresponding to a curvature value (or a curvature radius) of the display panel 30 bent in a C shape, and can be disposed on the entire rear surface of the display panel 30.

[0182] The vibration generation device according to embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied as a vibration generation device disposed in a display device. The display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to a mobile device, a video phone, a smart watch, a watch phone, a wearable device, a foldable device, a rollable device, a bendable device, a flexible device, a curved device, a portable multimedia player (PMP), a personal digital assistant (PDA), an electronic organizer, a desktop personal computer (PC), a laptop PC, a netbook computer, a workstation, a navigation device, a car navigation device, a car display device, a TV, a wallpaper display device, a signage device, a game console, a notebook computer, a monitor, a camera, a camcorder, a home appliance, etc. In addition, the vibration generation device according to embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to an organic light emitting illumination device or an inorganic light emitting illumination device. When the vibration generation device is applied to an illumination device, the vibration generation device serves as an illuminator and a speaker.

[0183] A display device according to embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below.

[0184] A display apparatus according to embodiments of the disclosure includes a display panel configured to display an image, and a plurality of vibration generation devices configured to vibrate the display panel, wherein each of the plurality of vibration generation devices includes a plurality of first portions having piezoelectric properties and a plurality of second portions disposed near the plurality of first portions to have a coefficient of expansion, and the plurality of vibration generation devices have different coefficients of expansion.

[0185] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the plurality of second portions can be disposed between the plurality of first portions.

[0186] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the plurality of first portions can be disposed on the same plane as the plurality of second portions.

[0187] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the plurality of second portions can be disposed on an upper surface or a lower surface of the plurality of first portions.

[0188] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the plurality of vibration generation devices can include a first vibration generation device, a second vibration generation device, and a third vibration generation device, and a coefficient of expansion of the first vibration generation device can be less than a coefficient of expansion of the second vibration generation device, and the coefficient of expansion of the second vibration generation device can be less than a coefficient of expansion of the third vibration generation device.

[0189] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the first vibration generation device can be implemented as one or more of a receiver and a tweeter, the second vibration generation device is implemented as a speaker, and the third vibration generation device can be implemented as a haptic device.

[0190] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the plurality of vibration generation devices can include a first vibration generation device, a second vibration generation device, and a third vibration generation device, and a width of each of the plurality of second portions of the first vibration generation device can be less than a width of each of the plurality of second portions of the second vibration generation device, and the width of each of the plurality of second portions of the second vibration generation device can be less than a width of each of the plurality of second portions of the third vibration generation device.

[0191] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the plurality of vibration generation devices can include a first vibration generation device, a second vibration generation device, and a third vibration generation device, and a width of each of the plurality of first portions of the first vibration generation device can be less than a width of each of the plurality of first portions of the second vibration generation device, and the width of each of the plurality of first portions of the second vibration generation device can be less than a width of each of the plurality of first portions of the third vibration generation device.

[0192] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the expansion and contraction directions of each of the plurality of first portions can be the same as the expansion and contraction directions of each of the plurality of second portions.

[0193] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the display apparatus can further include an adhesive member between the rear surface of the display panel and the plurality of vibration generation devices, a first electrode on an upper surface of the plurality of vibration generation devices under the adhesive member, and a second electrode on a lower surface of the plurality of vibration generation devices.

[0194] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the display apparatus can further include a first protective layer on an upper surface of the first electrode under the adhesive member, and a second protective layer on a lower surface of the plurality of vibration generation devices.

[0195] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, each of the plurality of second portions can be formed of a auxetic layer or a cork material.

[0196] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the expansion coefficient of each of the plurality of second portions can be in the range of -0.3 to 0.

[0197] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the plurality of second portions can have flexibility.

[0198] A display apparatus according to an embodiment of the disclosure includes a display panel configured to display an image and a plurality of vibration generation devices configured to vibrate the display panel, wherein each of the plurality of vibration generation devices includes a plurality of piezoelectric portions having piezoelectric characteristics and a plurality of expansion portions disposed adjacent to the plurality of piezoelectric portions, and the plurality of vibration generation devices are implemented to have different frequency characteristics.

[0199] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the plurality of piezoelectric portions can be disposed on the same plane as the plurality of expansion portions.

[0200] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the plurality of piezoelectric portions can be disposed on an upper surface or a lower surface of the plurality of expansion portions.

[0201] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the plurality of vibration generation devices can include a first vibration generation device having a frequency of a high-pitch sound band, a second vibration generation device having a frequency of a medium-pitch sound band, and a third vibration generation device having a frequency of a low-pitch sound band.

[0202] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the frequency of the high-pitch sound band is 10 kHz to 20 kHz, the frequency of the medium-pitch sound band is 200 Hz to 10 kHz, and the frequency of the low-pitch sound band is 200 Hz or less.

[0203] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the first vibration generating device can be implemented as one or more of a receiver and a tweeter, the second vibration generating device can be implemented as a speaker, and the third vibration generating device can be implemented as a haptic device.

[0204] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, an expansion coefficient of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the first vibration generating device can be less than an expansion coefficient of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the second vibration generating device, and the expansion coefficient of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the second vibration generating device can be less than an expansion coefficient of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the third vibration generating device.

[0205] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, a width of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the first vibration generating device can be less than a width of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the second vibration generating device, and the width of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the second vibration generating device can be less than a width of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the third vibration generating device.

[0206] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, a width of each of the plurality of piezoelectric portions of the first vibration generating device can be less than a width of each of the plurality of piezoelectric portions of the second vibration generating device, and the width of each of the plurality of piezoelectric portions of the second vibration generating device can be less than a width of each of the plurality of piezoelectric portions of the third vibration generating device.

[0207] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the first vibration generating device can be disposed at an upper portion of the display panel, the second vibration generating device can be disposed at a center of the display panel, and the third vibration generating device can be disposed at a lower portion of the display panel.

[0208] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the third vibration generating device can be disposed at an upper portion of the display panel, the first vibration generating device can be disposed at a center of the display panel, and the second vibration generating device can be disposed at a lower portion of the display panel.

[0209] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the display apparatus can further include a support member on a rear surface of the display panel, and a partition between the display panel and the support member.

[0210] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the display apparatus can further include a partition surrounding the plurality of vibration generating devices.

[0211] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the display apparatus can further include a support member on a rear surface of the display panel, a first partition between the display panel and the support member, and a second partition surrounding the plurality of vibration generating devices.

[0212] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the first partition can be disposed along an area between a rear periphery of the display panel and a front periphery of the support member.

[0213] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the size of the expanded portion can be configured to be adjusted based on a characteristic of a sound band to be reproduced by vibration of the display panel.

[0214] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, the plurality of expanded portions can have flexibility.

[0215] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, each of the plurality of expanded portions can have a negative or zero expansion coefficient.

[0216] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, each of the plurality of expanded portions can be formed of a auxetic layer or a cork material.

[0217] According to some embodiments of the disclosure, an expansion coefficient of each of the plurality of expanded portions can be in the range of -0.3 to 0.

[0218] The display apparatus according to an embodiment of the disclosure can include a vibration generation device that vibrates a display panel, and thus can be implemented with a sound generation device that generates sound, so that a traveling direction of sound of the display apparatus is a direction toward a front surface of the display panel, a haptic device that outputs feedback based on a user's motion, and a receiver or tweeter.

[0219] According to an embodiment of the disclosure, a display apparatus in which one vibration generation device for implementing a speaker, a haptic device, and a receiver or a tweeter is implemented can be provided.

[0220] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes can be made to the display apparatus of the disclosure without departing from the technical idea or scope of the disclosure. Therefore, the embodiments of the disclosure can be aimed at covering the modifications and changes of the disclosure, as long as they fall within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0221] Cross Reference to Related Applications

[0222] This application claims the benefit of and priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2019-0168074, filed on December 16, 2019, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein.

Claims

1. A display apparatus comprising: a display panel configured to display an image; and a film actuator configured to vibrate the display panel, wherein the film actuator comprises a plurality of vibration generation devices configured with a composite film, wherein the plurality of vibration generation devices are configured to have different expansion coefficients, wherein the film actuator comprises a first vibration generation device, a second vibration generation device, and a third vibration generation device, and wherein an expansion coefficient of an expansion portion in the first vibration generation device is less than an expansion coefficient of an expansion portion in the second vibration generation device, and the expansion coefficient of the expansion portion in the second vibration generation device is less than an expansion coefficient of an expansion portion in the third vibration generation device. the composite film comprises:

2. The display device of claim 1, wherein, a plurality of expansion portions configured to have flexibility, and a plurality of vibration portions configured to have piezoelectric properties and located between the plurality of expansion portions. Each of the plurality of expansion portions has a negative or zero expansion coefficient.

3. The display device of claim 2, wherein, The expansion coefficient of each of the plurality of expansion portions is in a range of -0.3 to 0.

4. The display device of claim 3, wherein, The plurality of vibration portions are disposed on the same plane as the plurality of expansion portions.

5. The display device of claim 2, wherein, 6.A display apparatus comprising: a display panel configured to display an image; and a film actuator configured to vibrate the display panel, wherein the film actuator comprises a plurality of vibration generation devices configured to have different sizes at a composite film, wherein the plurality of vibration generation devices are configured to have different frequency characteristics, wherein the film actuator comprises a first vibration generation device, a second vibration generation device, and a third vibration generation device, and wherein an expansion coefficient of an expansion portion in the first vibration generation device is less than an expansion coefficient of an expansion portion in the second vibration generation device, and the expansion coefficient of the expansion portion in the second vibration generation device is less than an expansion coefficient of an expansion portion in the third vibration generation device. the composite film comprises: a plurality of expansion portions configured to have flexibility, and 7. The display device of claim 6, wherein, a plurality of vibration portions configured to have piezoelectric properties and located between the plurality of expansion portions. Each of the plurality of vibration generation devices is configured to include two or more of the plurality of vibration portions and two or more of the plurality of expansion portions. The two or more of the vibration portions configured in each of the plurality of vibration generation devices have different sizes.

8. The display device of claim 7, wherein, The composite film is configured to have a single layer structure.

9. The display device of claim 8, wherein, The film actuator further comprises:

10. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, a first electrode at an upper surface of the composite film; and 11. The display device of any of claims 1-9, wherein, a second electrode at a lower surface of the composite film. The film actuator further comprises: a first protective layer at an upper surface of the first electrode; and 12. The display device of claim 11, wherein, a second protective layer at a lower surface of the second electrode. ​ ​ 13.The display apparatus of claim 11, further comprising an adhesive member between a rear surface of the display panel and the film actuator.

14. The display device of claim 13, wherein, the adhesive member is between a rear surface of the display panel and the first electrode.

15. The display device of any one of claims 2-5 and 7-9, wherein, each of the plurality of expansion portions is formed of a auxetic layer or a cork material.

16. The display device of any one of claims 2-5 and 7-9, wherein, a direction of expansion and contraction of each of the plurality of vibration portions is the same as a direction of expansion and contraction of each of the plurality of expansion portions.

17. The display device of any one of claims 2-5 and 7, wherein, each of the plurality of vibration generation devices is configured to include the plurality of vibration portions and the plurality of expansion portions. 18.The display apparatus of claim 17, wherein the second vibration generation device is between the first vibration generation device and the third vibration generation device. 19.The display apparatus of claim 18, wherein a width of each of the plurality of vibration portions of the first vibration generation device is smaller than a width of each of the plurality of vibration portions of the second vibration generation device, and a width of each of the plurality of vibration portions of the second vibration generation device is smaller than a width of each of the plurality of vibration portions of the third vibration generation device. 20.The display apparatus of claim 18, wherein a width of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the first vibration generation device is smaller than a width of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the second vibration generation device, and a width of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the second vibration generation device is smaller than a width of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the third vibration generation device. 21.The display apparatus of claim 17, wherein the first vibration generation device is between the second vibration generation device and the third vibration generation device. 22.The display apparatus of claim 21, wherein a width of each of the plurality of vibration portions of the first vibration generation device is smaller than a width of each of the plurality of vibration portions of the second vibration generation device, and a width of each of the plurality of vibration portions of the second vibration generation device is smaller than a width of each of the plurality of vibration portions of the third vibration generation device. 23.The display apparatus of claim 21, wherein a width of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the first vibration generation device is smaller than a width of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the second vibration generation device, and a width of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the second vibration generation device is smaller than a width of each of the plurality of expansion portions of the third vibration generation device.

24. The display device of any one of claims 1-7, wherein, the film actuator includes: a first vibration generation device having a frequency of a high-pitch vocal cord, a second vibration generation device having a frequency of a medium-pitch vocal cord, and a third vibration generation device having a frequency of a low-pitch vocal cord. 25.The display apparatus of claim 24, wherein the second vibration generation device is between the first vibration generation device and the third vibration generation device, or The first vibration generating device is located between the second vibration generating device and the third vibration generating device.

26. The display device of claim 24, wherein, the high-pitch sound band has a frequency greater than 10 kHz and less than or equal to 20 kHz, the mid-pitch sound band has a frequency greater than 200 Hz and less than or equal to 10 kHz, and the low-pitch sound band has a frequency less than or equal to 200 Hz.

27. The display device of any one of claims 1-9, wherein, The film actuator comprises: a first vibration generating device implemented as one or more of a receiver and a tweeter, a second vibration generating device implemented as a loudspeaker, and a third vibration generating device implemented as a haptic device.

28. The display device of claim 27, wherein, the second vibration generating device is located between the first vibration generating device and the third vibration generating device, or the first vibration generating device is located between the second vibration generating device and the third vibration generating device.

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