BIM parameter-based assessment method for matching of prefabricated building design and real construction

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on BIM parameter's fabricated building design and real construction matching evaluation method, belongs to fabricated building design technical field, mainly includes the following steps: constructing fabricated building and its prefabricated component BIM model, the parameter design class information of prefabricated component in BIM model is associated with the information of real construction, with the parameter information of association composition BIM parameter system, the matching degree between fabricated building design and real construction is quantified comparison, analysis and calculation, by the matching degree between fabricated building design and real construction quantified comparison, analysis and calculation, realize the quantization evaluation of the integration degree of fabricated building design and construction in early building design stage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of prefabricated building design technology, and in particular relates to a method for evaluating the matching between prefabricated building design and actual construction based on BIM parameters. Background Technology

[0002] Prefabricated buildings refer to buildings assembled on-site from prefabricated components. Specifically, it is a construction mode characterized by prefabricated production in component factories and on-site assembly installation, featuring standardized design, factory production, assembly construction, integrated decoration, and information management. It integrates design, construction, and operation and maintenance, aiming to maximize the value of the building throughout its entire life cycle. The inventors believe that due to the traditional division and specialization within the construction industry, prefabricated building design and construction still suffer from fragmentation and discontinuity, making it difficult to accurately assess and predict the degree of integration between design and construction. Although digital and information technologies such as BIM and IoT have detected and resolved conflicts and contradictions between various professional "stage" design results and processes through information integration, model management, and data interaction, aiming to improve the integration of design and construction, the discovery and resolution of problems rely on multiple rounds of BIM or IoT-based detection and analysis results (mainly clash detection), which are characterized by randomness and fragmentation, often requiring further manual analysis. Architectural designers, lacking a systematic understanding of the completeness of construction information across various disciplines and its related requirements, find it difficult to effectively assess the degree of integration between prefabricated building design and construction in each round. This hinders their ability to accurately assess and predict specific problems and proactively conduct targeted refinement and optimization, reducing coordination and collaboration efficiency between different disciplines and processes, and impacting the final effect of integrated prefabricated design and construction. Secondly, the current application of BIM technology in the prefabricated building design phase typically involves each discipline importing and merging its "phased" design results into BIM software for repeated testing, analysis, and optimization. While this can help anticipate potential problems during construction and reduce design changes and rework, it remains primarily a reverse application. BIM models are mostly based on conversions of design results exported from commonly used software and tools across disciplines. The source files referenced when creating BIM models are still limited to non-BIM formats, resulting in missing information, low model quality, and poor information transmission, which can affect the comprehensiveness and accuracy of BIM testing and analysis results. Meanwhile, the unique nature of building projects means that even repeated testing and optimization may still reveal problems and oversights, making it difficult for designers from various disciplines to accurately pinpoint and efficiently resolve these issues. Once the optimized design enters the construction phase, design changes and rework become difficult, costly, and inefficient. BIM struggles to play a significant role at this stage, while IoT technology primarily serves monitoring, early warning, and alert functions. Specific problems still require on-site remediation by various professionals. However, due to differences in individual experience and expertise, this can easily lead to low construction management efficiency, uncontrollable construction processes, and compromised construction quality, thus undermining the original goal of integrating prefabricated buildings with design.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to design a method for evaluating the matching between prefabricated building design and actual construction based on BIM parameters. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Through research, the inventors discovered that, due to the influence of traditional construction industry divisions and professional specializations, the degree of integration between prefabricated building design and construction cannot be accurately assessed and predicted in the early stages of building design. This technical problem reduces the coordination and collaboration efficiency between various professions and processes.

[0005] In view of at least one of the above technical problems, this disclosure provides a method for evaluating the matching between prefabricated building design and actual construction based on BIM parameters, and the specific technical solution is as follows:

[0006] A method for evaluating the matching between prefabricated building design and actual construction based on BIM parameters includes the following steps: Step 1, constructing a BIM model of the prefabricated building and its precast components, establishing a link between the parametric design information of the precast components in the BIM model and the information of the actual construction, using the linked parametric design information to form a BIM parameter system, and compiling the number of precast component BIM parameter entries with existing parametric design information as DCY, and the number of precast component BIM parameter entries with missing parametric design information as DCQ; Step 2, setting the scope and criteria for determining the degree of matching between the precast component BIM parametric design information and the actual construction information; Step 3, based on the scope and criteria set in Step 2, comparing and analyzing the existing precast component BIM parametric design information with the actual construction information, compiling the parametric design information that matches the actual construction information and counting the number, where the number of matching is... DCYT represents the number of non-compliant components, and DCYF represents the number of non-compliant components. Step four: Calculate the matching degree value DP for a single prefabricated component using the formula DP = DCYT / (DCYT + DCYF + DCQ). Step five: Set a matching degree threshold DGY for a single prefabricated component and compare it with the matching degree value DP. If DP is not less than DGY, it is considered a prefabricated component DGT that conforms to the actual construction information. If DP is less than DGY, it is considered a prefabricated component DGF that does not conform to the actual construction information. Step six: Calculate the overall matching degree ZP of the prefabricated building using the formula ZP = DGT / (DGT + DGF). This invention is based on the BIM parameter system of prefabricated buildings and their prefabricated components. By quantitatively comparing, analyzing, and calculating the matching degree between prefabricated building design and actual construction, it achieves a quantitative assessment of the integration degree of prefabricated building design and construction in the early architectural design stage.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0008] 1. By quantitatively comparing, analyzing, and calculating the degree of matching between prefabricated building design and actual construction, the quantitative assessment of the integration of prefabricated building design and construction in the early stage of building design helps designers and builders to use BIM to assess the degree of integration between design and construction in real time, guiding them to make efficient, accurate, and correct decisions.

[0009] 2. This invention can enable timely pre-evaluation of the degree of integration between architectural design and actual construction in the early stages of prefabricated building design, reducing the number of repeated tests, analyses and optimizations. This allows for the accurate pre-positioning of BIM components and their parameter information with low matching values ​​in the BIM model, enabling phased, multi-disciplinary, pre-collaborative, precise targeted modifications and design optimizations, thereby increasing the depth of the initial design and reducing the number of repeated tests, analyses and optimizations.

[0010] 3. Strengthening and expanding the positive design optimization role of BIM in prefabricated building design and construction, providing designers and construction personnel with a scientific and quantitative tool for optimization. This invention utilizes the BIM parameter system of prefabricated buildings and their precast components, integrating architectural design and actual construction information of prefabricated buildings and their components using BIM parameters. This allows architectural designers and other professionals to use the parameter entries and information of the BIM model and its precast components as an information medium and bridge in the early design stage. This helps architectural designers and other professionals apply standardized and complete architectural design and actual construction information to carry out positive BIM applications in prefabricated building design, reducing the passivity and lag in optimization design. This allows for accurate prediction, location, and resolution of potential problems in subsequent actual construction, transforming the current reverse BIM application mode of "drawing first, then model making" into a positive BIM application mode of "modeling first, then drawing," thereby solving problems such as missing BIM model information, low model quality, and poor information transmission. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 2 This is a detailed list of design-type BIM parameter information for a component group in a steel structure project according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 3 This is a screenshot of the software interface for opening the Colunm-01 BIM model file of Example 1 in Autodesk Revit software according to the present invention.

[0014] Figure 4 These are the nine parameters preset in Example 1;

[0015] Figure 5This is the project information details table in the Autodesk Revit software of Example 1;

[0016] Figure 6 This is a detailed table of design-type BIM parameter information for a component group in a prefabricated reinforced concrete structure project according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 7 This is a screenshot of the software interface for opening the BIM model file of the balcony slab component YTGB-01 of Embodiment 2 in Autodesk Revit software according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 8 These are the 10 preset parameters in Example 2. Detailed implementation method:

[0019] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of this invention, but not all embodiments.

[0020] like Figure 1As shown, a BIM parameter-based method for evaluating the matching between prefabricated building design and actual construction is designed, including the following steps: Step 1, construct a BIM model of the prefabricated building and its precast components, establish a correlation between the parametric design information of the precast components in the BIM model and the information of the actual construction, use the correlated parametric design information to form a BIM parameter system, and compile the number of precast component BIM parameter entries with existing parametric design information as DCY, and the number of precast component BIM parameter entries with missing parametric design information as DCQ; Step 2, set the scope of the determination of the degree of matching between the precast component BIM parameter design information and the actual construction information. The identification criteria are as follows: Step 3: Based on the scope and conditions set in Step 2, compare and analyze the existing BIM parameter design information of precast components with the actual construction information, compile the parameter design information that conforms to the actual construction information, and count the number of such items. The number of conforming items is DCYT, and the number of non-conforming items is DCYF. Step 4: Calculate the matching degree value DP of a single precast component using the formula DP = DCYT / (DCYT + DCYF + DCQ). Step 5: Set a matching degree threshold DGY for a single precast component and compare it with the matching degree value DP. If DP is not less than DGY, it is considered to conform to the actual construction information. If the prefabricated component DGT is less than DGY, then the prefabricated component DGF is considered to not conform to the actual construction information. Step six: Calculate the overall matching degree ZP of the prefabricated building using the formula ZP = DGT / (DGT+DGF). This invention is based on the BIM parameter system of prefabricated buildings and their prefabricated components. Through a quantitative calculation formula for the matching degree between prefabricated building design and actual construction, it finds, locates, statistically analyzes, and interprets the parameter entries and parameter information of the BIM model and its prefabricated components. This helps architectural designers and other professionals to assess the integration of design and construction of prefabricated buildings, thereby accurately identifying the prefabricated components with low matching degree values ​​in the BIM model in advance. By leveraging the BIM component and its parameter information, precise and targeted modifications and design optimizations can be performed in stages and through multi-disciplinary pre-collaboration. This increases the depth of the initial design, reduces the number of repeated tests, analyses, and optimizations, and allows architectural designers and other professionals to use the parameter entries and information of the BIM model and its prefabricated components as an information medium and bridge in the early design stage. This helps architectural designers and other professionals apply standardized and complete architectural design and actual construction information to carry out positive BIM applications in prefabricated building design, reducing the passivity and lag in optimization design, and thus accurately predicting, locating, and solving potential problems that may arise in subsequent actual construction.

[0021] The technical solution proposed in this disclosure provides a quantitative evaluation and analysis method for the degree of integration between prefabricated building design and actual construction. This method helps designers and builders to use BIM to assess the degree of integration between design and construction in real time, guiding them to make efficient, accurate, and correct decisions. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] This disclosure is based on the BIM parameter system of prefabricated buildings and their precast components. Through a quantitative calculation formula for the matching degree between prefabricated building design and actual construction, it finds, locates, counts, and analyzes the parameter entries and parameter information of the BIM model and its precast components. This helps architectural designers and other professionals to assess the integration of design and construction of prefabricated buildings. In this way, it can accurately locate BIM components and their parameter information with low matching degree values ​​in the BIM model in advance, and carry out precise targeted modification and design optimization in stages and with multi-disciplinary pre-collaboration, thereby increasing the depth of the initial design and reducing the number of repeated tests, analyses, and optimizations.

[0023] This disclosure utilizes a BIM parameter system for prefabricated buildings and their precast components. By integrating BIM parameters and employing IoT technology, it collects architectural design and actual construction information for prefabricated buildings and their components. This allows architectural designers and other professionals to use the parameter entries and information of the BIM model and its precast components as an information medium and bridge during the early design phase. This helps architectural designers and other professionals apply standardized and complete architectural design and actual construction information to carry out positive BIM applications in prefabricated building design, reducing the passivity and lag in optimization design, and thus accurately predicting, locating, and solving potential problems that may arise during subsequent actual construction.

[0024] The biggest difference between this disclosure and existing methods and technologies for integrated design and construction of prefabricated buildings based on BIM and IoT is that it expands the main function of BIM parameters as constraint element information, applying them to the early design stage of prefabricated buildings. By using the parameters of the BIM model as a container to store and represent key design and actual construction information of prefabricated buildings, all prefabricated components are real BIM virtual models. These models can serve as the design basis for prefabricated building design activities and as data for quantitative comparison, analysis, and calculation of the degree of design and construction integration. Specifically, this achieves the following advantages: In the early design stage of prefabricated buildings, the degree of integration between design and construction can be evaluated and analyzed through quantitative calculation formulas for matching degree, guiding various disciplines to pre-determine the BIM parameter items and parameter information of prefabricated components in the early design stage. First, collaborate and optimize in a targeted manner to achieve "less modification and more prediction," rather than the current design optimization and modification model of "more detection and faster modification" which mainly relies on BIM clash detection. In the early stage of prefabricated building design, we can guide architectural designers and other professionals to use real prefabricated component BIM virtual models to carry out design activities. In particular, we can help architectural designers establish a systematic understanding of the completeness of construction information of various disciplines and related requirements, transforming the current reverse application model of BIM of "drawing first and then model making" into the forward application model of BIM of "modeling first and then drawing," thereby solving problems such as missing BIM model information, low model quality, and poor information transmission.

[0025] The above embodiments illustrate two examples of implementing the above technical solution:

[0026] Example 1

[0027] This embodiment uses a column component, Colunm-01, from a steel structure project as a case study to provide a method for evaluating the matching of prefabricated building design and actual construction based on BIM parameters. For example, Figure 2 As shown, a steel structure project includes 2 steel structural columns (Colunm-01, Colunm-02), 3 steel structural beams (Beam-01, Beam-01, Beam-02), and 1 glass curtain wall (Wall-01). The matching evaluation method mainly includes the following steps:

[0028] Step 1: Use Autodesk Revit BIM software to create a BIM family type file as the BIM model file for the prefabricated component Colunm-01 of the prefabricated building. Create parameter entries and set parameter properties within the created BIM family type. Nine preset parameters are listed below. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the specific contents of the parameter entries and parameter information of the BIM parameter system are as follows:

[0029] (1) Vertical: Time-related BIM parameters. Corresponding to architectural design and actual construction information of prefabricated buildings and their component construction process, including planned and actual completion time (minutes / hours / days), completion status (completed / under construction / not completed), assembly procedures (steps), and other BIM parameters related to the construction process. The planned information corresponds to the architectural design information, and the actual information corresponds to the actual construction information. This disclosure prefers completion status and planned completion time.

[0030] (2) Horizontal: Spatial BIM parameters. Corresponding to the architectural design and actual construction information of prefabricated buildings and their component materials, including the geometric dimensions of the designed and actual components (component length, component width, component height), component model description, material physical parameters, detailed composition and other BIM parameters related to material composition; the design corresponds to the architectural design information, and the actual corresponds to the actual construction information. This disclosure prefers component material, component length, component width and component height;

[0031] (3) Vertical: Implementation-related BIM parameters. Corresponding to architectural design and actual construction information of prefabricated buildings and their component technologies, including the connection method between the design and the actual components, the connection position of the components, the assembly method of the components (stacking form, lifting point position, etc.), assembly tools and equipment, and other BIM parameters related to the technology implementation; the design corresponds to the architectural design information, and the actual corresponds to the actual construction information. This disclosure prefers assembly tools, component connection methods, and component connection positions;

[0032] Import the nine selected parameters into the Project Parameter Manager of Revit software. Select the column member Colunm-01, and enter the parameter values ​​in sequence in its properties bar. Then open the software scheduler, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, verify the parameter information to ensure that the virtual construction parameters meet the design intent, so as to provide data support for the parameters of the actual construction of the subsequent project. Each parameter entry and parameter information in the BIM model file needs to correspond one-to-one with the two major categories of information: prefabricated building design and actual construction. Define and create the titles of multiple parameter entries. Then, use the defined and created parameter entries and the corresponding parameter information to form a BIM parameter system. This BIM parameter system and the parameter entries therein can guide architectural design and design personnel of various disciplines to carry out relevant designs. Enter the prefabricated building design and actual construction information into the corresponding parameter entries in the form of parameter information, create the prefabricated building design results of each discipline, and sort out the number of prefabricated component BIM parameter entries with existing parameter information as DCY, and sort out the number of prefabricated component BIM parameter entries with missing parameter information as DCQ.

[0033] Step 2: Define the scope and criteria for determining the degree of matching between the BIM parameter design information of prefabricated components and the actual construction information;

[0034] The criteria for determining the degree of matching between the design information and the actual construction information of prefabricated components in BIM parameters are as follows: the numerical statistics of the design information and the actual construction information are consistent; the textual descriptions of the design information and the actual construction information are consistent; the image representations of the design information and the actual construction information are consistent; and any other relevant methods and techniques used to determine the consistency between the design information and the actual construction information in BIM parameters.

[0035] The sources of real-world construction information collected in step two also include information on the actual construction of prefabricated buildings and their precast components collected using computer vision technology. Computer vision technology includes radio frequency identification (RFID), code recognition, laser scanning, and image capture. In this disclosure, the real-world construction information also includes information on the precast components during factory manufacturing, transportation, and on-site construction. Preferably, this information is collected by scanning the RFID chips or QR codes attached to each precast component using a handheld device. Based on this, the prefabricated building BIM model established using Autodesk Revit software is improved.

[0036] After the actual construction information is tracked and collected, it is fed back to the BIM cloud platform for information management, analysis and statistics based on IoT technology. In this disclosure, the BIM cloud platform can be Autodesk BIM 360. The actual construction information of prefabricated buildings and their components collected based on IoT technology can be integrated with the BIM cloud platform. After the actual construction (parameter) information of prefabricated buildings and their components is tracked and collected, it can be uploaded and fed back to the BIM cloud platform for information management, analysis and statistics, and fed back to the relevant BIM parameters of each prefabricated component in the BIM model of each profession.

[0037] Furthermore, the acquisition of actual construction information in this embodiment can rely on a BIM cloud platform and IoT technology using QR codes or RFID chips as carriers. By scanning the component information QR codes or RFID chips, information in the actual construction can be tracked and synchronously fed back, traced back to the BIM cloud platform, and the BIM model of the prefabricated building and its precast components. This enables the comparison of BIM parameter information between the prefabricated building component design and the actual construction. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0038] In Revit software, the BIM model of a component group in a steel structure project of Example 1 is exported through the corresponding BIM cloud platform plugin in Revit software and imported into the BIM cloud platform to generate a QR code or RFID chip for tracking and collecting the real construction type BIM parameter information of each prefabricated building component.

[0039] The QR code or RFID chip is pasted or embedded into the corresponding component as a carrier and basis for tracking the component information. This process can be implemented at different stages such as component manufacturing, component transportation or component assembly, depending on the needs.

[0040] During the actual construction process, users can scan the QR codes of the corresponding components using a mobile app and upload the images of the actual construction site to the BIM cloud platform. By comparing the virtual construction with the actual construction, relevant data can be extracted from the platform.

[0041] This disclosure utilizes a BIM parameter system for prefabricated buildings and their precast components. By integrating BIM parameters and employing IoT technology, it collects architectural design and actual construction information for prefabricated buildings and their components. This allows architectural designers and other professionals to use the parameter entries and information of the BIM model and its precast components as an information medium and bridge during the early design phase. This helps architectural designers and other professionals apply standardized and complete architectural design and actual construction information to carry out positive BIM applications in prefabricated building design, reducing the passivity and lag in optimization design, and thus accurately predicting, locating, and solving potential problems that may arise during subsequent actual construction.

[0042] The biggest difference between this invention and existing methods and technologies for integrated design and construction of prefabricated buildings based on BIM and IoT lies in the fact that it expands the primary function of BIM parameters as constraint element information and broadens the application of IoT technology to collect real-world construction information, enabling its use in the early design phase of prefabricated buildings. By using the parameters of the BIM model as a container to store and represent key design and real-world construction information for prefabricated buildings, all prefabricated components are real BIM virtual models. These models can serve as the design basis for prefabricated building design activities and as data for quantitative comparison, analysis, and calculation of the degree of integration between design and construction.

[0043] Step 3: Based on the scope and conditions set in Step 2, compare and analyze the existing BIM parameter items and their parameter information of prefabricated components with the actual construction information, compile the parameter items and their reference information that conform to the actual construction information and count the number of them. The number of those that conform is DCYT and the number of those that do not conform is DCYF.

[0044] The comparison and statistical analysis of design information and actual construction information for BIM parameter entries and information of prefabricated buildings and their precast components is conducted manually. This manual review includes manually examining the exported BIM parameter entries and information of precast components, as well as all other relevant manual review methods. The specific content of this manual review method is as follows:

[0045] (1) Open the prefabricated building BIM model in Autodesk Revit software, select New Schedule under the View menu, select all relevant prefabricated component BIM family types, that is, divide column component Colunm-01 into beam component Beam-01×2, beam component Beam-02, column component Colunm-01, column component Colunm-02, and wall component Wall-01 according to type. Based on the BIM parameter system of prefabricated building and its prefabricated components, combined with the matching degree determination range set in step 3, export the schedule containing prefabricated component BIM parameter entries and parameter information from the prefabricated building design results (BIM model) using Revit software.

[0046] (2) Manually review the BIM parameter entries and their parameter information of all prefabricated components in the exported schedule, and count the number of parameter entries with missing parameter information (DCQ) and the number of parameter entries with existing parameter information (DCY). In this disclosure, the comparison results show that for each component, there are 9 existing parameter information entries and 0 missing parameter information entries, i.e., DCY=9 and DCQ=0.

[0047] (3) Based on the matching degree determination conditions set in step 4, compare the BIM parameter items and their parameter information of the prefabricated components in the exported detailed table one by one to determine whether the design class of the prefabricated component BIM parameters matches the actual construction class information.

[0048] As shown in Table 1, through the matching analysis and evaluation calculation of BIM parameter information of the Beam-01 virtual design class and the actual construction class, it was found that the component length parameter in the horizontal space class parameter of Beam-01 does not match the preset, which is due to the inconsistency between the numerical statistics of the design class information and the actual construction class information of the BIM parameter; the assembly equipment parameter in the vertical implementation class parameter does not match the preset, which is due to the inconsistency between the textual description of the design class information and the actual construction class information of the BIM parameter.

[0049] Table 1 Beam Components (Beam-01)

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] As shown in Table 2, the BIM parameter information matching analysis and evaluation calculation of the Colunm-01 virtual design class and the actual construction class shows that, for Colunm-01, the actual completion time parameter in the longitudinal time class and the assembly equipment parameter in the vertical implementation class do not match the preset. This also belongs to the inconsistency between the text description of the design class information of BIM parameters and the text description of the actual construction class information. On the other hand, the component connection method parameter in the vertical implementation class does not match the preset. This belongs to the inconsistency between the image expression of the design class information of BIM parameters and the image expression of the actual construction class information.

[0053] Table 2 Column Components Column-01

[0054]

[0055] For beam member Beam-01, the existing parameter DCY=9 and the missing parameter DCQ=0 are present. In actual construction, 7 parameters conform to the virtual design, while 2 parameters do not. Therefore, its DCYT value is 7 and its DCYF value is 2. For column member Colum-01, the existing parameter DCY=9 and the missing parameter DCQ=0 are present. In actual construction, 6 parameters conform to the virtual design, while 3 parameters do not. Therefore, its DCYT value is 6 and its DCYF value is 3.

[0056] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the comparison and statistical analysis of design information and actual construction information of BIM parameter items and parameter information for prefabricated buildings and their precast components can be carried out using a combination of manual inspection and automatic detection. Specifically, BIM model quality inspection software is used to automatically check the design results (BIM model) of prefabricated buildings and their precast component BIM parameter items and parameter information, and the inspection results are exported, along with all other relevant automatic detection methods. The specific content of the automatic detection method is as follows:

[0057] (1) Export the Revit software model of this embodiment to an IFC format file and import the file into Solibri Model Checker (SMC) software, that is, import the BIM model into the BIM model quality inspection software. In this disclosure, the BIM model quality inspection software can be Solibri Model Checker. Based on the BIM parameter system of prefabricated buildings and their prefabricated components, select the BIM parameter items and parameter information that can be detected by the BIM model quality inspection software from the matching degree recognition range set in step two, and set the corresponding parameter information integrity detection rules and adjacent component tolerance detection rules in the Ruleset Manager of the SMC software. Preferably, taking the setting rules of spatial BIM parameter items of prefabricated components as an example, the detection rule of component geometric dimension parameter items is whether it meets the tolerance value with other adjacent prefabricated components; the detection rule of detailed component construction parameter items is whether there is enough space at the connection position of the component, etc. Then, run the detection program under the Model Checker module, and finally obtain the test results and export the test results from the BIM model quality inspection software.

[0058] (2) For the remaining BIM parameter items and parameter information that cannot be detected by the BIM model quality inspection software in the matching degree determination range set in step two, export the detailed table.

[0059] (3) Based on the exported test results and detailed list, sort out the existing and missing parameter information of the prefabricated component BIM parameter items and count the number (existing number = DCY, missing number = DCQ);

[0060] (4) Based on the matching degree determination criteria set in step two, manually review the results of the BIM parameter design information exported from the BIM model quality inspection software to determine whether it conforms to the actual construction information. Compare each BIM parameter item and its information in the bill of quantities to determine whether its design information conforms to the actual construction information. Combine the above manual review and automatic detection comparison analysis and statistical results;

[0061] All six components in this disclosure passed the test, meaning the parameter entries and information conform to the virtual design with no missing or incomplete items. Therefore, for the automatic parameter information detection in Example 1, DCY = 9 and DCQ = 0. This result can be combined with manual verification to calculate the matching degree of individual components and the overall project.

[0062] Step 4: Calculate the matching degree value DP of a single prefabricated component using the formula DP = DCYT / (DCYT + DCYF + DCQ). That is, the matching degree of a single prefabricated component is equal to the number of BIM parameter entries of a single prefabricated component that conform to the actual construction information divided by the total number of BIM parameter entries of a single prefabricated component. The matching degree of a single prefabricated component is the proportion of the degree to which the design information of the BIM parameters of a single prefabricated component conforms to the actual construction information.

[0063] Step 5: Set a matching degree threshold DGY for a single prefabricated component. The threshold is used to determine whether a single prefabricated component can be identified as a prefabricated component that conforms to the actual construction information. The number of single prefabricated components is included in the matching degree calculation formula of the overall prefabricated building and compared with the matching degree value DP of a single prefabricated component. If DP is not less than DGY, it is identified as a prefabricated component DGT that conforms to the actual construction information. If DP is less than DGY, it is identified as a prefabricated component DGF that does not conform to the actual construction information.

[0064] The threshold for the matching degree of individual prefabricated components (ratio: DGY) can be dynamically controlled and adjusted based on the specific professional capabilities, personal experience, and implementation capabilities of various professionals in different prefabricated building projects. This includes two control and adjustment factors:

[0065] (1) Directly adjust the specific percentage value of the threshold itself (0%-100%), without adjusting the weight coefficient of the BIM parameters;

[0066] (2) Directly set the specific percentage value of the threshold itself (0%-100%), and adjust the weight coefficient of each parameter item and its parameter information in the prefabricated component BIM parameter system. The weight coefficient can be dynamically controlled and adjusted according to the actual impact of each parameter item and its parameter information on different prefabricated building projects. Preferably, the weight coefficient of time-type BIM parameter items is adjusted to 1, the weight coefficient of space-type BIM parameter items is adjusted to 0.8, and the weight coefficient of implementation-type BIM parameter items is adjusted to 1.2.

[0067] Step Six: Calculate the overall matching degree ZP of the prefabricated building using the formula ZP = DGT / (DGT + DGF). This matching degree equals the number of prefabricated components conforming to the actual construction information divided by the total number of prefabricated components in the prefabricated building. The overall matching degree is the proportion of prefabricated components conforming to the actual construction information to all prefabricated components in the prefabricated building. The matching degree of a single prefabricated component and the overall matching degree of the prefabricated building can be expressed in any format. Preferably, the proportional expression format for the matching degree includes: 0%-100%, 0.0-1.0, 0 / 1-1 / 1, etc.

[0068] According to the SMC software test results, three components, Beam-01 and Beam-02, do not meet the design requirement of a minimum tolerance of 5mm between components. Therefore, the Revit design model is returned, and the corresponding component dimensions are adjusted in turn. The component length parameter value of Beam-01 is adjusted from 2800 to 2790, and the component length parameter value of Beam-02 is adjusted from 2400 to 2390.

[0069] After modifying the Revit model parameters, the optimized model was imported again into SMC software in IFC format for component adjacent tolerance detection to verify the optimization design results. After re-detection by SMC software, all six components in this disclosure passed the test, thus confirming that the optimization design achieved its intended goals. Furthermore, the component length parameters of Beam-01 and Beam-02 in the actual construction parameter statistics table also indirectly corroborate that the optimized design meets the actual requirements.

[0070] Based on overall analysis, the quantitative calculation process for the virtual-to-real matching degree of individual components and the virtual-to-real matching degree of the entire project is as follows:

[0071] Scenario 1: Design parameter items have no weighting.

[0072] Taking beam member Beam-01 as an example, according to Table 1, DCYT = 7, DCYF = 2, and its matching degree value DP = DCYT / (DCYT+DCYF+DCQ) = 7 / (7+2+0) = 77.8%. Similarly, the DP value of Beam-02 can be calculated to be 77.8%.

[0073] Taking column member Column-01 as an example, according to Table 2, DCYT=6, DCYF=3, its matching degree value DP = DCYT / (DCYT+DCYF+DCQ) = 6 / (6+3+0) = 66.7%. Similarly, the DP value of Column-02 is calculated to be 66.7%, and the DP value of Wall-01 is 77.8%.

[0074] If the DGY (matching degree threshold for a single prefabricated component) is set to 70%, then in Patent Example 1, the DP values ​​of 4 types of components are all greater than or equal to DGY, and the DP values ​​of 2 types of components are less than DGY. Therefore, 4 types of components are identified as prefabricated components that conform to the true construction type information, i.e., DGT = 4, and 2 types of components are identified as prefabricated components that do not conform to the true construction type information, i.e., DGF = 2. In summary, the ZP (matching degree of the overall prefabricated building) of this disclosure = DGT / (DGT+DGF) = 4 / (4+2) = 66.7%.

[0075] Scenario 2: Assigning weight coefficients to design class parameter entries

[0076] If we adjust the weighting coefficients of BIM parameter items and parameter information, let's assume that the weighting coefficient of time-related BIM parameter items is 1; the weighting coefficient of spatial BIM parameter items is 0.8; and the weighting coefficient of implementation-related BIM parameter items is 1.2.

[0077] In Table 2, the DP of beam member Beam-01 is (3×1+2×0.8+2×1.2) / 9 = 77.8%. Similarly, the DP value of Beam-02 is 77.8%, the DP value of Colunm-01 is 66.7%, and the DP value of Wall-01 is 80%. Therefore, the DP values ​​of Beam-01, Beam-02, and Wall-01 are greater than the threshold DGY (70%), and belong to prefabricated components that conform to the actual construction information, i.e., DGT=4 and DGF=2. In summary, the matching degree of the overall prefabricated building of the patent example project is ZP=4 / 4+2=66.7%.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] like Figures 6 to 8 As shown, this disclosure uses the balcony slab component YTB-01 in a precast concrete structure project as a carrier to provide a BIM parameter-based method for evaluating the matching between precast building design and actual construction. Specifically, as... Figure 6 As shown, the precast assembled concrete structure project includes a component group consisting of 4 components: 1 precast concrete balcony slab component YTB-01, 1 precast concrete balcony partition YTGB-01, and 2 precast concrete balcony railings YTLB-01 and YTLB-02.

[0080] Taking the precast concrete balcony slab component YTB-01 as an example, the parameter design information settings include three main categories and ten parameter items, such as... Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the parameters include horizontal spatial parameters (component material, component length, component width, and component height), vertical time parameters (completion status, planned completion time), and vertical implementation parameters (support point location, component connection location, component connection method, and assembly equipment).

[0081] Import the above parameters into the Project Parameter Manager of Revit software, select the precast concrete balcony slab component, enter the parameter values ​​in the property bar, and then open the software schedule to check the parameter information to ensure that the virtual construction parameters meet the design intent, which can provide data support for the parameters of the actual construction of the subsequent project.

[0082] In Revit software, the BIM model of a component group disclosed herein is exported through the corresponding BIM cloud platform plugin in Revit software and imported into the BIM cloud platform to generate a QR code or RFID chip for tracking and collecting the actual construction-related BIM parameter information of each prefabricated building component. The QR code or RFID chip is pasted or pre-embedded in the corresponding component as a carrier and basis for tracking component information. This process can be implemented at different stages such as component manufacturing, component transportation, or component assembly, as needed. During the actual construction process, the corresponding component QR code is scanned with a mobile APP, and the image data of the actual construction on site is uploaded to the BIM cloud platform. Relevant data can be extracted from the platform during the comparison between virtual construction and actual construction.

[0083] Export the virtual construction parameter information details table disclosed in this publication from the Revit software, manually review the actual construction information of the precast component BIM parameters, generate the actual construction parameter information statistics table disclosed in this publication, and verify whether the design class and actual construction class information of the precast component BIM parameters match.

[0084] In this disclosure, it is known through examination that, for the precast concrete balcony slab component YTB-01, there are 9 existing parameter information entries and 1 missing parameter information entry, i.e., DCY=9 and DCQ=1. The DCY value of the other 3 types of components is 10 and the DCQ value is 0.

[0085] Taking the precast concrete balcony slab component YTB-01 as an example, the matching analysis and evaluation calculation of BIM parameter information between the virtual design and actual construction of the precast concrete balcony slab are shown in Table 3:

[0086] Table 3 Matching Analysis of Precast Concrete Balcony Slab YTB-01

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] Therefore, the component length parameter in the horizontal space parameters of the precast concrete balcony slab component YTB-01 does not match the preset value. This is due to the inconsistency between the design information of the BIM parameters and the numerical statistics of the actual construction information. The assembly equipment parameter in the vertical implementation parameters does not match the preset value. This is due to the inconsistency between the design information of the BIM parameters and the textual description of the actual construction information.

[0090] We can see that the existing parameter DCY = 9, the missing parameter DCQ = 1, the 7 parameters in the actual construction are consistent with the virtual design, and the 2 parameters are not consistent. Therefore, its DCYT value is 7 and its DCYF value is 2.

[0091] Taking the precast concrete balcony railing YTLB-01 as an example, the matching analysis and evaluation calculation of BIM parameter information between the virtual design class and the actual construction class of the precast concrete balcony railing component YTLB-01 is shown in Table 4:

[0092] Table 4 Matching Analysis of Precast Concrete Balcony Railing YTLB-01

[0093]

[0094] Therefore, the component length parameter in the horizontal spatial parameters of the precast concrete balcony railing YTLB-01 does not match the preset value. This is due to the inconsistency between the design information and the actual construction information in the BIM parameters. The actual completion time parameter in the vertical time parameters and the assembly equipment parameter in the vertical implementation parameters do not match the preset value. This is due to the inconsistency between the design information and the textual description in the BIM parameters. The component connection position in the vertical parameters does not match the preset value. This is due to the inconsistency between the design information and the image representation in the BIM parameters.

[0095] We can see that the existing parameter DCY = 10, the missing parameter DCQ = 0, the information of 6 parameters in the actual construction conforms to the virtual design, and the information of 4 parameters does not conform to the virtual design. Therefore, its DCYT value is 6 and its DCYF value is 4.

[0096] Based on the results of manual inspection of the virtual design type BIM parameter information details table and the actual construction type BIM parameter information statistics table disclosed herein, as well as the automatic detection results of SMC software, the three parameters of component length, component width and component height in the horizontal space type parameters can be automatically detected by SMC software, while the other seven parameters need to be determined by manual inspection. The specific process of the automatic detection results of SMC software is shown in Example 1.

[0097] Based on overall analysis, the quantitative calculation process for the virtual-to-real matching degree of individual components and the virtual-to-real matching degree of the entire project is as follows:

[0098] Scenario 1: Design parameter items have no weighting.

[0099] Taking precast concrete balcony slab component YTB-01 as an example, according to Table 3, DCYT=7, DCYF=2, the matching degree value of its individual component DP=DCYT / (DCYT+DCYF+DCQ)=7 / (7+2+1)=70%. Similarly, it can be calculated that the DP value of precast concrete balcony partition (YTGB-01) is 70%, the DP value of precast concrete balcony railing YTLB-01 is 60%, and the DP value of precast concrete balcony railing YTLB-02 is 70%.

[0100] If the DGY (matching threshold for a single prefabricated component) is set to 70%, then 3 types of components have a DP value greater than or equal to DGY, and 1 type of component has a DP value less than DGY. Therefore, 3 types of components are identified as prefabricated components that conform to the actual construction information, i.e., DGT = 3, and 1 type of component is identified as a prefabricated component that does not conform to the actual construction information, i.e., DGF = 1. In summary, the ZP (matching degree of the overall prefabricated building) in this disclosure = DGT / (DGT+DGF) = 3 / (3+1) = 75%.

[0101] Scenario 2: Assigning weight coefficients to design class parameter entries

[0102] If we adjust the weighting coefficients of BIM parameter items and parameter information, let's assume that the weighting coefficient of time-related BIM parameter items is 1; the weighting coefficient of spatial BIM parameter items is 0.8; and the weighting coefficient of implementation-related BIM parameter items is 1.2.

[0103] The DP value of precast concrete balcony slab component YTLB-01 is (3×1+1×0.8+2×1.2) / 10 = 62%. Similarly, the DP value of precast concrete balcony slab component YTB-01 is 74%, the DP value of precast concrete balcony partition YTGB-01 is 68%, and the DP value of precast concrete balcony slab YTLB-02 is 74%. Therefore, the DP values ​​of precast concrete balcony slab component YTB-01 and precast concrete balcony slab YTLB-02 are greater than the threshold DGY (70%), and belong to precast components that conform to the actual construction information, i.e., DGT=2 and DGF=2. In summary, the matching degree of the overall prefabricated building in this project is ZP=2 / 2+2=50%.

[0104] It is understood that the present invention has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Furthermore, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A BIM parameter-based fabricated building design and real construction matching evaluation method, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: Step one, build the BIM model of prefabricated building and its components, associate the parameter design information of prefabricated components in BIM model with the information of real construction, use the associated parameter design information to form BIM parameter system, sort out the number of prefabricated component BIM parameter entries of existing parameter design information as DCY, sort out the number of prefabricated component BIM parameter entries of missing parameter design information as DCQ; Step two, set the matching degree identification range and identification conditions of prefabricated component BIM parameter design information conforming to real construction information; The identification range and identification conditions include: the design information of BIM parameter is consistent with the digital statistics of real construction information; the design information of BIM parameter is consistent with the textual description of real construction information; the design information of BIM parameter is consistent with the image expression of real construction information; Step three, according to the range and conditions set in step two, compare and analyze the existing prefabricated component BIM parameter design information with the real construction information, sort out the parameter design information conforming to the real construction information and count the number, among which the number of conformity is DCYT, and the number of non-conformity is DCYF; Step four, set formula DP=DCYT / (DCYT+DCYF+DCQ) to calculate the matching degree value DP of single prefabricated component; Step five, set the matching degree threshold DGY of single prefabricated component, compare it with the matching degree value DP of single prefabricated component, if DP is not less than DGY, it is identified as prefabricated component DGT conforming to real construction information, if DP is less than DGY, it is identified as prefabricated component DGF not conforming to real construction information; Step six, set formula ZP=DGT / (DGT+DGF) to calculate the matching degree ZP of the whole prefabricated building.

2. The BIM parameter-based fabricated building design and real construction matching evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The BIM parameter design information of prefabricated component includes time class BIM parameter, space class BIM parameter and implementation class BIM parameter; the time class BIM parameter corresponds to the building design class and real construction class information of construction process; the space class BIM parameter corresponds to the building design class and real construction class information of material composition; The implementation class BIM parameter corresponds to the building design class and real construction class information of prefabricated building and its component technology implementation. 3.The BIM parameter-based fabricated building design and real construction matching evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The creation basis of design class information of prefabricated building and its components in step two includes the specific requirements and needs of prefabricated building engineering project.

4. The BIM parameter-based fabricated building design and real construction matching evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step two, the sources of real construction information collection include existing technical materials related to prefabricated components, which include technical drawings, technical instructions and construction instructions of prefabricated components.

5. The BIM parameter-based fabricated building design and real construction matching evaluation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step two, the sources of real construction information collection also include the real construction information of prefabricated building and its components collected by computer vision technology.

6. The BIM parameter-based fabricated building design and real construction matching evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step two, the real construction information is tracked and collected, and then fed back to the BIM cloud platform based on IoT technology for information management, analysis and statistics.

7. The BIM parameter-based fabricated building design and real construction matching evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step three, the precast component BIM parameter design class information is compared and analyzed with the real construction class information by means of manual checking and / or BIM model quality detection software automatic detection.

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