Method and apparatus for unified codebook for orthogonal sequence transmission

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to methods and devices (including apparatuses, such as UEs and / or base stations) for wireless communication. The apparatus can select one or more rows or one or more columns of a DFT matrix, the one or more rows being even rows in the DFT matrix and the one or more columns being even columns in the DFT matrix. The apparatus can also determine an orthogonal matrix based on the one or more rows or the one or more columns of the DFT matrix, the orthogonal matrix having a size of (MxN)x(MxN) with MxN rows and MxN columns. Additionally, the apparatus can determine a codebook based on the orthogonal matrix, the codebook including a plurality of codepoints. The apparatus can also transmit at least one signal including a first codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook in an uplink resource.

Description

[0001] Cross Reference to Related Applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 63 / 014,030, filed April 22, 2020, and entitled “METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR UNIFIED CODEBOOKS FOR ORTHOGONAL SEQUENCE TRANSMISSION,” and U.S. Patent Application No. 17 / 235,915, filed April 20, 2021, and entitled “METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR UNIFIED CODEBOOKS FOR ORTHOGONAL SEQUENCE TRANSMISSION,” the contents of which are expressly incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present disclosure relates generally to communication systems, and more specifically to orthogonal sequence transmission in wireless communications systems. BACKGROUND

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasts. Typical wireless communication systems can employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources. Examples of such multiple-access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems.

[0005] These multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless devices to communicate on a municipal, national, regional, and even global level. An example telecommunication standard is 5G New Radio (NR). 5G NR is part of a continuous mobile broadband evolution promulgated by Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to meet new requirements associated with latency, reliability, security, scalability (e.g., with Internet of Things (IoT) technologies), and other requirements. 5G NR includes services associated with enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine type communications (mMTC), and ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC). Some aspects of 5G NR can be based on the 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard. There exists a need for further improvements in 5G NR technology. These improvements can also be applicable to other multi-access technologies and the telecommunication standards that employ these technologies. SUMMARY

[0006] The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects in order to provide a basic understanding of such aspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects, and is intended to neither identify key or critical elements of all aspects nor delineate the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.

[0007] In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus can be a user equipment (UE). The apparatus can select one or more rows or one or more columns in a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix for a sub-matrix of the DFT matrix, the one or more rows being even rows in the DFT matrix and the one or more columns being even columns in the DFT matrix. The apparatus can also determine an orthogonal matrix based on the sub-matrix of the DFT matrix (e.g., the one or more rows or the one or more columns in the DFT matrix), where the orthogonal matrix can have a size of (MxN)x(MxN) with MxN rows and MxN columns. The apparatus can also generate the orthogonal matrix based on the sub-matrix of the DFT matrix (e.g., the one or more rows or the one or more columns in the DFT matrix). Additionally, the apparatus can determine a codebook based on the orthogonal matrix, the codebook comprising a plurality of codepoints. The apparatus can also select the plurality of codepoints in the codebook from the orthogonal matrix. Further, the apparatus can convert a bitstream of the UCI payload to a decimal number k. The apparatus can also select a first codepoint in the codebook, where the first codepoint can be equal to a kth codepoint in the codebook. The apparatus can also transmit at least one signal including a first codepoint of a plurality of codepoints in the codebook in an uplink resource to convey a K-bit payload.

[0008] In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus can be a base station. The apparatus can receive, in an uplink resource, at least one signal for conveying a K-bit payload, the at least one signal being associated with a codebook comprising a plurality of codepoints. The apparatus can also concatenate the at least one signal into a vector. The apparatus can further include correlating the at least one signal with each of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook, the codebook being associated with a submatrix of a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix, the DFT matrix comprising a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, the submatrix comprising one or more even rows in the DFT matrix or one or more even columns in the DFT matrix. In addition, the apparatus can generate an output for each of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook. The apparatus can also determine a first codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook, the first codepoint comprising a highest correlation to the at least one signal.

[0009] To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, one or more aspects comprise the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative features of the one or more aspects. These features are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of various aspects can be employed, and this description is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication system and an access network.

[0011] Figure 2A Figure 2B Figure 2C Figure 2D FIGs. 2A and 2B are schematic diagrams illustrating examples of a first 5G / NR frame and a second 5G / NR frame, respectively.

[0012] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a base station and a user equipment (UE) in an access network.

[0013] Figure 4A Figure 4B FIGs. 4A and 4B are example DFT matrices and frequency domain basis sequences, respectively, in accordance with one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0014] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is an example orthogonal matrix in accordance with one or more techniques of the present disclosure.

[0015] Figure 6 ​​​​is an example diagram including a DFT matrix and a resource grid according to one or more techniques of this disclosure.

[0016] Figure 7 is an example diagram including a DFT matrix, a codebook, and a resource grid according to one or more techniques of this disclosure.

[0017] Figure 8 is an example diagram including a codebook according to one or more techniques of this disclosure.

[0018] Figure 9 is a diagram illustrating example communications between a UE and a base station according to one or more techniques of this disclosure.

[0019] Figure 10 is a flowchart of a method of wireless communication.

[0020] Figure 11 is a flowchart of a method of wireless communication.

[0021] Figure 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an example apparatus.

[0022] Figure 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an example apparatus. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The detailed description set forth below, in connection with the appended drawings, is intended as a description of various configurations and is not intended to represent the only configurations in which the concepts described herein can be practiced. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the various concepts. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these concepts can be practiced without

[0024] Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various apparatus and methods. These apparatus and methods will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, components, circuits, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as "elements"). These elements can be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0025] By way of example, an element, or any portion of an element, or any combination of elements can be implemented as a "processing system" that includes one or more processors. Examples of processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, graphics processing units (GPUs), central processing units (CPUs), application processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors, systems on a chip (SoC), baseband processors, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), state machines, gated logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the various functionality described throughout this disclosure. One or more processors in the processing system can execute software. Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software components, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0026] Accordingly, in one or more example embodiments, the functions described can be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions can be stored on or encoded as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes computer storage media. Storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can comprise a random-access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), compact disk ROM (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, combinations of the aforementioned types of computer-readable media, or any other medium that can be used to store computer executable code in the form of instructions or data structures that can be accessed by a computer.

[0027] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communications system and an access network 100. The wireless communications system (also referred to as a wireless wide area network (WWAN)) includes base stations 102, UEs 104, an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) 160, and another core network 190 (e.g., a 5G Core (5GC)). The base stations 102 can include macro cells (high power cellular base stations) and / or small cells (low power cellular base stations). The macro cells can include base stations. The small cells can include femtocells, picocells, and microcells.

[0028] The base stations 102 configured for 4G LTE (collectively referred to as the Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN)) can interface with the EPC 160 through first backhaul links 132 (e.g., S I interface). The base stations 102 configured for 5G NR (collectively referred to as Next Generation RAN (NG-RAN)) can interface with core network 190 through second backhaul links 184. In addition to other functions, the base stations 102 can perform one or more of the following functions: transfer of user data, radio channel encryption and decryption, integrity protection, header compression, mobility control functions (e.g., handover, dual connectivity), inter-cell interference coordination, connection setup and release, load balancing, distribution for non-access stratum (NAS) messages, NAS node selection, synchronization, radio access network (RAN) sharing, multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS), subscriber and equipment trace, RAN information management (RIM), paging, positioning, and delivery of warning messages. The base stations 102 can communicate directly or indirectly (e.g., through the EPC 160 or core network 190) with each other via third backhaul links 134 (e.g., X2 interface). The third backhaul links 134 can be wired or wireless.

[0029] The base stations 102 can wirelessly communicate with the UEs 104. Each of the base stations 102 can provide communication coverage for a respective geographic coverage area 110. There can be overlapping geographic coverage areas 110. For example, a small cell 102' can have a coverage area 110' that overlaps with one or more macrocells 102. A network that includes both small cell and macrocells can be known as a heterogeneous network. A heterogeneous network can also include Home Evolved Node Bs (eNBs) (HeNBs), which can provide service to a restricted group known as a closed subscriber group (CSG). The communication links 120 between the base stations 102 and the UEs 104 can include uplink (UL) (also referred to as reverse link) transmissions from a UE 104 to a base station 102 and / or downlink (DL) (also referred to as forward link) transmissions from a base station 102 to a UE 104. The communication links 120 can use multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity. The communication links can be through one or more carriers, and each carrier can be a band of frequency waves having a predetermined bandwidth. For example, the carriers can be approximately 1.08, 2.16, or 5.04 megahertz (MHz) wide in the United States, and carriers can be approximately 1.62, 5.02, 10.08, or 20.08 MHz wide in Europe. The carriers can be of distinct frequencies, or can be interlaced. Carriers can be used for any type of communication, such as voice, data, video, messaging, signaling, control, metrics, or any other suitable application. The base stations 102 / UEs 104 can use spectrum up to 1, 2.5, 5 or 10 GHz, or higher in some cases. In some applications, such as in a 5G network, base stations 102 can use multiple carriers simultaneously, and can enable spectrum sharing between carriers.

[0030] Certain UEs 104 can communicate with each other using device-to-device (D2D) communication link 158. The D2D communication link 158 can use the DL / UL WWAN spectrum. The D2D communication link 158 can use one or more sidelink channels, such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH), a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH), a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), and a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH). D2D communication can be through a variety of wireless D2D communications systems, such as for example, FlashLinQ, WiMedia, Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi based on Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standards, LTE, or NR.

[0031] The wireless communications system can also include a Wi-Fi access point (AP) 150 in communication with Wi-Fi stations (STAs) 152 via communication links 154 in a 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum. When communicating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the STAs 152 / AP 150 can perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) prior to communicating in order to determine whether the channel is available for use.

[0032] The small cells 102' can operate in a licensed and / or an unlicensed frequency spectrum. When operating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the small cells 102' can employ NR and use the same 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum as used by the Wi-Fi AP 150. The small cells 102' employing NR in an unlicensed frequency spectrum can boost coverage and / or increase capacity for access networks.

[0033] The base stations 102, whether small cell 102' or large cell (e.g., macro base station), can include and / or be referred to as an eNB, gNodeB (gNB), or another type of base station. Some base stations, such as gNB 180 can operate in a traditional sub 6 GHz spectrum, in millimeter wave (mmW) frequencies, and / or near mmW frequencies in communication with the UE 104. When the gNB 180 operates in mmW or near mmW frequencies, the gNB 180 can be referred to as a mmW base station. Extremely high frequency (EHF) is part of the RF in the electromagnetic spectrum. EHF has a range from 30 GHz to 300 GHz and wavelengths

[0034] The base stations 180 can transmit to the UEs 104 in one or more transmit directions 182'. The UEs 104 can receive from the base stations 180 in one or more receive directions 182". The UEs 104 can also transmit to the base stations 180 in one or more transmit directions. The base stations 180 can receive from the UEs 104 in one or more receive directions. The base stations 180 / UEs 104 can perform beam training to determine the best receive and transmit directions for each of the base stations 180 / UEs 104. The transmit and receive directions for the base stations 180 can or can not be the same. The transmit and receive directions for the UEs 104 can or can not be the same.

[0035] The EPC 160 can include a Mobility Management Entity (MME) 162, other MMEs 164, a Serving Gateway 166, a Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) Gateway 168, a Broadcast Multicast Service Center (BM-SC) 170, and a Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway 172. The MME 162 can be in communication with a Home Subscriber Server (HSS) 174. The MME 162 is the control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 and the EPC 160. Generally, the MME 162 provides bearer and connection management. All user Internet Protocol (IP) packets are transferred through the Serving Gateway 166, which itself is connected to the PDN Gateway 172. The PDN Gateway 172 provides UE IP address allocation as well as other functions. The PDN Gateway 172 and the BM-SC 170 are connected to the IP Services 176. The IP Services 176 can include the Internet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), a Packet Switched (PS) Streaming Service, and / or other IP services. The BM-SC 170 can provide functions for MBMS user service provisioning and

[0036] The core network 190 can include an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 192, other AMFs 193, a Session Management Function (SMF) 194, and a User Plane Function (UPF) 195. The AMF 192 can be in communication with a Unified Data Management (UDM) 196. The AMF 192 is the control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 and the core network 190. Generally, the AMF 192 provides QoS flow and session management. All user Internet Protocol (IP) packets are transferred

[0037] Base stations can also include and / or be referred to as a gNB, NodeB, eNB, access point, base transceiver station, radio base station, radio transceiver, transceiver function, basic service set (BSS), extended service set (ESS), transmit reception point (TRP), or some other suitable terminology. The base station 102 provides wireless access to the EPC 160 or core network 190 for a UE 104. Examples of UEs 104 include a cellular phone, a smart phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a satellite radio, a global positioning system, a multimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player (e.g., MP3 player), a camera, a game console, a tablet, a smart device, a wearable device, a vehicle, an electric meter, a gas pump, a large or small kitchen appliance, a healthcare device, an implant, a sensor / actuator, a display, or any other similar functional device. Some of the UEs 104 can be referred to as IoT devices (e.g., a parking meter, gas pump, toaster, vehicle, heart monitor, etc.). The UE 104 can also be referred to as a station, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communications device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0038] Referring again to Figure 1In certain aspects, the UE 104 can include a transmitting component 198 configured to select one or more rows or one or more columns of a plurality of rows in a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix for a submatrix of the DFT matrix, the one or more rows being even rows in the DFT matrix and the one or more columns being even columns in the DFT matrix. The transmitting component 198 can be further configured to determine an orthogonal matrix based on the submatrix of the DFT matrix (e.g., one or more rows or one or more columns of the DFT matrix), where the orthogonal matrix can have a size of (M x N) x (M x N) with M x N rows and M x N columns. The transmitting component 198 can be further configured to generate the orthogonal matrix based on the submatrix of the DFT matrix (e.g., one or more rows or one or more columns of the DFT matrix). The transmitting component 198 can be further configured to determine a codebook based on the orthogonal matrix, the codebook including a plurality of codepoints. The transmitting component 198 can be further configured to select the plurality of codepoints in the codebook from the orthogonal matrix. The transmitting component 198 can be further configured to convert a bitstream of a UCI payload into a decimal number k. The transmitting component 198 can be further configured to select a first codepoint in the codebook, where the first codepoint can be equal to the kth codepoint in the codebook. The transmitting component 198 can be further configured to transmit at least one signal including the first codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook.

[0039] Referring again to Figure 1 In certain aspects, the base station 180 can include a receiving component 199 configured to receive at least one signal associated with a codebook including a plurality of codepoints. The receiving component 199 can be further configured to concatenate the at least one signal into a vector. The receiving component 199 can be further configured to correlate the at least one signal with each codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in a codebook, the codebook being associated with a submatrix of a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix, the DFT matrix including a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, the submatrix including one or more even rows in the DFT matrix or one or more even columns in the DFT matrix. The receiving component 199 can be further configured to generate an output for each codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook. The receiving component 199 can be further configured to determine a first codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook, the first codepoint including a highest correlation to the at least one signal.

[0040] Although the following description can be focused on 5G NR, the concepts described herein can be applicable to other similar areas, such as LTE, LTE-A, CDMA, GSM, and other wireless technologies.

[0041] Figure 2A FIG. 2 is a diagram 200 illustrating an example of a first subframe within a 5G / NR frame structure. Figure 2B FIG. 2 is a diagram 200 illustrating an example of a first subframe within a 5G / NR frame structure. Figure 2Cis a diagram 250 illustrating an example of a second subframe within a 5G / NR frame structure. Figure 2D is a diagram 280 illustrating an example of UL channels within a 5G / NR subframe. The 5G / NR frame structure can be frequency-division duplexed (FDD) where pairs of subcarriers are dedicated for use by a Figure 2A , 2C In the examples provided, the 5G / NR frame structure is assumed to be TDD with subframe 4 configured with slot format 28 (with a majority being DL) where D is DL, U is UL, and X is flexible to use between DL / UL, and subframe 3 configured with slot format 34 (with a majority being UL). While subframes 3, 4 are shown with slot formats 34, 28, respectively, any particular subframe can be configured with any of the various available slot formats 0-61. Slot formats 0, 1 are all DL, all UL, respectively. The other slot formats 2-61 include a mix of DL, UL, and flexible symbols. UEs are configured (dynamically through DL control information (DCI), or semi- statically / statically through radio resource control (RRC) signaling) with a slot format through a received slot format indicator (SFI). Note that the following description also applies for 5G / NR frame structures that are TDD.

[0042] Other wireless communications technologies can have different frame structures and / or different channels. A frame (10 ms) can be divided into 10 equally sized subframes (1 ms). Each subframe can include one or more time slots. A subframe can also include mini-slots, which can contain 7, 4, or 2 symbols. Each time slot can include 7 or 14 symbols, depending on the slot configuration. For slot configuration 0, each time slot can include 14 symbols, and for slot configuration 1, each time slot can include 7 symbols. A symbol on the DL can be a cyclic prefix (CP) OFDM (CP-OFDM) symbol. A symbol on the UL can be a CP-OFDM symbol (for high throughput scenarios) or a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbol (also known as single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) symbol) (for power limited scenarios; limited to single stream transmission). The number of time slots within a subframe can be dependent on the slot configuration and the numerology. For slot configuration 0, different numerologies m0to 5 allow for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 time slots per subframe, respectively. For slot configuration 1, different numerologies 0 to 2 allow for 2, 4, and 8 time slots per subframe, respectively. Accordingly, for slot configuration 0 and numerology m, there are 14 symbols / time slot and 2m time slots / subframe. The subcarrier spacing and symbol length / duration are functions of the numerology. The subcarrier spacing can equal 2 μ *15 kHz, where m is the numerology 0 to 5. Thus, numerology m = 0 has a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz, and numerology m = 5 has a subcarrier spacing of 480 kHz. The symbol length / duration is inversely related to the subcarrier spacing. Figure 2A-2D An example is provided with slot configuration 0 having 14 symbols per time slot and numerology m = 2 having 4 time slots per subframe. The slot duration is 0.25 ms, the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, and the symbol duration is approximately 16.67 ps.

[0043] A resource grid can be used to represent the frame structure. Each time slot includes resource blocks (RBs) (also referred to as physical RBs (PRBs)), which are 12 contiguous subcarriers wide. The resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements (REs). The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.

[0044] As Figure 2AAs illustrated, some of the REs carry reference (pilot) signals (RS) for the UE. The RS can include demodulation RS (DM-RS) (indicated as Rxfor one particular configuration, where 100x is the port number, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) and channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) for channel estimation at the UE. The RS can also include beam measurement RS (BRS), beam refinement RS (BRRS), and phase tracking RS (PT-RS).

[0045] Figure 2B An example of various DL channels are shown within a subframe. The physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) carries DCI within one or multiple control channel elements (CCEs), each CCE including nine RE groups (REGs), each REG including four consecutive REs in one OFDM symbol. A primary synchronization signal (PSS) can be within symbol 2 of particular subframes of a frame. The PSS is used by a UE 104 to determine subframe / symbol timing and physical layer identity. A secondary synchronization signal (SSS) can be within symbol 4 of particular subframes of a frame. The SSS is used by a UE to determine physical layer cell identity group number and radio frame timing. Based on the physical layer identity and the physical layer cell identity group number, the UE can determine a physical cell identifier (PCI). Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the locations of the aforementioned DM-RS. The physical broadcast channel (PBCH), which carries a master information block (MIB), can be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a synchronization signal (SS) / PBCH block. The MIB provides system bandwidth configuration information and a scheduling

[0046] As Figure 2C As illustrated, some of the REs carry DM-RS (indicated as R for one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) for channel estimation at the base station. The UE can transmit DM-RS for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and DM-RS for the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH). The PUSCH DM-RS can be transmitted in the first one or two symbols of a subframe. The PUCCH DM-RS can be transmitted in various configurations depending on whether short or long PUCCH is transmitted and depending on the particular PUCCH format used. The UE can transmit sounding reference signals (SRS). The SRS can be transmitted in the last symbol of a subframe. The SRS can have a comb-2 structure, and a UE can transmit SRS on one of the combs. The SRS can be used by a base station for channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent scheduling on the UL.

[0047] Figure 2D An example of various UL channels is shown within a subframe. The PUCCH can be positioned as indicated in one configuration. The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI), such as scheduling requests, a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), a rank indicator (RI), and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgment (ACK) / negative ACK (NACK) feedback. The PUSCH carries data, and can additionally be used to carry a buffer status report (BSR), a power headroom report (PHR), and / or UCI.

[0048] Figure 3 is a block diagram of the components of base station 310, which can be one of the base stations 105 in FIG. 1, and UE 350, which can be one of the UEs 115 in FIG. 1, in an access network. In the DL, IP packets from the EPC 160 can be provided to a controller / processor 375. The controller / processor 375 implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality. Layer 3 includes a radio resource control (RRC) layer, and layer 2 includes a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, and a medium access control (MAC) layer. The controller / processor 375 provides RRC layer functionality associated with broadcasting of system information (e.g., MIB, SIBs), RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release), inter radio access technology (RAT) mobility, and measurement configuration and reporting for UEs 350. The controller / processor 375 provides PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, security (ciphering, deciphering, integrity protection, integrity verification), and handover support functions. The controller / processor 375 provides RLC layer functionality associated with unacknowledged mode (UM), acknowledged mode (AM), and

[0049] The transmit (TX) processor 316 and the receive (RX) processor 370 implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. Layer 1, which includes a physical (PHY) layer, can include error detection on the transport channels, forward error correction (FEC) coding / decoding of the transport channels, interleaving, rate matching, mapping to physical channels, modulation / demodulation of physical channels, and MIMO antenna processing. The TX processor 316 handles mapping to signal constellations based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase-shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), M-phase-shift keying (M-PSK), M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM)). The coded and modulated symbols can then be split into parallel streams. Each stream can then be mapped to a OFDM subcarrier, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., pilot) in the time and / or frequency domain, and then combined together using an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a time domain OFDM symbol stream. The OFDM stream is spatially precoded to produce multiple spatial streams. Channel estimates from a channel estimator 374 can be used to determine the coding and modulation schemes, as well as for spatial processing. The channel estimate can be derived from a reference signal and / or channel condition feedback transmitted by the UE 350. Each spatial stream can then be provided to a different antenna 320 via a separate transmitter 318TX. Each transmitter 318TX can modulate an RF carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.

[0050] At the UE 350, each receiver 354RX receives a signal through its respective antenna 352. Each receiver 354RX recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to the receive (RX) processor 356. The TX processor 368 and the RX processor 356 implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. The RX processor 356 can perform spatial processing on the information to recover any spatial streams destined for the UE 350. If multiple spatial streams are destined for the UE 350, they can be combined by the RX processor 356 into a single OFDM symbol stream. The RX processor 356 then converts the OFDM symbol stream from the time-domain to the frequency domain using a fast Fourier transform (FFT). The frequency domain signal comprises a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols on each subcarrier, and the reference signal, are recovered and demodulated by determining the most likely signal constellation points transmitted by the base station 310. These soft decisions can be based on channel estimates computed by the channel estimator 358. The soft decisions are then decoded and de-interleaved to recover the data and control signals that were originally transmitted by the base station 310 on the physical channel. The data and control signals are then provided to the controller / processor 359, which implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality.

[0051] The controller / processor 359 can be associated with a memory 360 that stores program codes and data. The memory 360 can be referred to as a computer-readable medium that can store computer executable codes for wireless communication of a user equipment (UE), which when executed by a processor (e.g., one or more of RX processor 356, TX processor 368, and / or controller / processor 359) direct the processor to perform various aspects of Figure 9 , 10 and / or 11. In the UL, the controller / processor 359 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, control signal processing to recover IP packets from the EPC 160. The controller / processor 359 is also responsible for error detection using an ACK and / or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.

[0052] Similar to the functionality described in connection with the DL transmission by the base station 310, the controller / processor 359 provides RRC layer functionality associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIBs) acquisition, RRC connections, and measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, and security (ciphering, deciphering, integrity protection, integrity verification); RLC layer functionality associated with the transfer of upper layer PDUs, error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs, re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto TBs, demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.

[0053] The TX processor 368 can use channel estimates derived by the channel estimator 358 from a reference signal or feedback transmitted by the base station 310 to select the appropriate coding and modulation schemes and facilitate spatial processing. The spatial streams generated by the TX processor 368 are provided to different antenna 352 via separate transmitters 354TX. Each transmitter 354TX modulates an RF carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.

[0054] The UL transmission is processed at the base station 310 in a manner similar to that described in connection with the receiver function at the UE 350. Each receiver 318RX receives a signal through its respective antenna 320. Each receiver 318RX recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to a RX processor 370.

[0055] The controller / processor 375 can be associated with a memory 376 that stores program codes and data. The memory 376 can be referred to as a computer-readable medium that can store computer executable codes for wireless communication of the base station, which, when executed by a processor (e.g., one or more of the RX processor 370, TX processor 316, and / or controller / processor 375), direct the processor to perform various aspects of the Figure 9 , 10 and / or 11. In the UL, the controller / processor 375 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, control signal processing to recover IP packets from the UE 350. IP packets from the controller / processor 375 can be provided to the EPC 160. The controller / processor 375 is also responsible for error detection using an ACK and / or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.

[0056] At least one of the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and the controller / processor 359 can be configured to perform aspects of the methods 198 in connection with Figure 1 .

[0057] At least one of the TX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and the controller / processor 375 can be configured to perform aspects of the methods 199 in connection with Figure 1 .

[0058] Some aspects of the wireless system can utilize a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) in order to assist a receiver to perform channel estimation and / or use the estimated channel to perform demodulation. In some aspects, the DMRS and data can be transmitted at a transmitter. Further, the receiver can be based on channel estimation followed by coherent demodulation or decoding. Further, coherent transmission can mean that the DMRS is transmitted along with the payload and at the receiver side, the receiver can utilize the DMRS for decoding. In some aspects, DMRS based communication can be suboptimal at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). For example, the energy spent on the DMRS can not contain any useful information. Further, at low SNR, the channel estimation quality can be poor, which can lead to significant performance degradation of demodulation or decoding. Further, at low SNR, non-coherent transmission that does not transmit a DMRS can be an improvement over coherent transmission.

[0059] In some aspects, non-orthogonal sequences can transmit PUCCH in a non-coherent manner. For example, non-coherent transmission can refer to transmitting a UCI payload without a DMRS, so a receiver can decode based on the payload rather than a DMRS. This design can be utilized with medium UCI payloads (e.g., 8 bits to 40 bits of payload). Additionally, orthogonal sequences can transmit PUCCH in a non-coherent manner, i.e., transmitting a UCI payload without a DMRS. This design can be utilized with smaller payloads (e.g., 1 bit to 7 bits of payload). Some aspects of wireless communication can also utilize sequences with non-coherent transmission.

[0060] During sequence transmission, a codebook can be constructed, e.g., a codebook with 210 sequences or approximately 1,000 sequences. Based on the payload, a UE can select one sequence from the codebook (e.g., 210 sequences) and then transmit the sequence. At the receiver side, a receiver or base station can determine which sequence was transmitted. Thus, the receiver can utilize the codebook and perform a correlation between the received sequence and the sequences in the codebook. Then, the receiver can determine which sequence has the greatest correlation, such that it can determine the identified or transmitted sequence. Further, the number of bits carried with the sequence can be logarithmic, e.g., log 1000.

[0061] Sequence-based transmission can utilize orthogonal or non-orthogonal sequences to transmit a payload. Orthogonal sequences can be more suitable for small payloads, as the number of bits that can be transmitted can be equal to log2n, where n is the amount of resources that can transmit a payload. For example, in a resource block (RB) of 168 resource elements (REs), a UE can transmit a sequence of length 168. Then, the UE can construct a codebook size of up to 168 sequences. Thus, the UE can not construct a codebook of more than n orthogonal sequences. Further, the number of bits transmitted using orthogonal sequences can be constrained by the total resources that can be used for PUCCH transmission. Based on this, the number of payloads that can be transmitted with orthogonal sequences can be limited.

[0062] For non-orthogonal sequences, the limit on the number of sequences can be more relaxed. For example, for n REs, more than n sequences can be constructed that are not orthogonal to each other. Thus, a UE can transmit more UCI bits with non-orthogonal sequences. Therefore, non-orthogonal sequences can be more suitable for larger payloads. However, non-orthogonal sequences can include degraded detection performance at the receiver side. For example, the sequences are not orthogonal to each other, so there can be some interference. Thus, orthogonal sequences can limit the number of payloads that can be transmitted, but the detection performance can be higher compared to non-orthogonal sequences.

[0063] For sequence-based PUCCH, the UE and base station can exhibit various different behaviors. At the UE Tx side, given an assigned PUCCH resource (time-frequency grid, e.g., RB), a K-bit UCI payload can be transmitted based on multiple factors. Thus, a time-frequency grid can be assigned to a PUCCH, e.g., using N OFDM symbols and M frequency tones. In some cases, the UE can utilize this resource to transmit a K-bit UCI payload.

[0064] In some cases, the UE can generate an orthogonal matrix of size N*M based on a DFT(n) matrix * sequence S with a cyclic shift index m, where * is a Kronecker product, n = [0, 1, …, N-1], and m = [0, 1, …, M-1]. Further, N can be a number of OFDM symbols and M can be a number of tones. S can be a cell-specific low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) sequence with length M. Thus, the length of the sequence S can correspond to the number of frequency tones. Further, since the DFT matrix can be of size (n), the size of the DFT matrix can correspond to the number of OFDM symbols. Thus, the Kronecker product of the DFT(n) matrix and the sequence S can produce an orthogonal matrix of size N*M.

[0065] After determining the orthogonal matrix, the UE can construct a codebook of size 2K based on the orthogonal matrix. The codebook can be of size 2K because the UE can transmit K bits, so the UE can use 2K sequences or 2K entries in the codebook. Thus, the UE can select 2K rows or 2K columns in the codebook. Next, the UE can transmit a K-bit payload, e.g., b0b1b2…b K-1 The UE can convert the payload bit stream b0b1b2…b K-1 into a decimal number k and then transmit the kth codepoint in the constructed codebook. Further, the payload bit stream b0b1b2…b K-1 may be a binary number, where the binary number is converted into a decimal number k. Then, the UE can transmit the kth entry or codepoint in the codebook.

[0066] At the base station Rx side, the base station can receive a signal (e.g., signal y) on a PUCCH resource (time*frequency grid, e.g., RB). Next, the base station can concatenate the signal y into a vector of length M*N. For example, the base station can concatenate over frequency and then concatenate over time, such as by concatenating every M tones of the length for each OFDM symbol. Then, the base station can perform a correlation or inner product of y with each of the sequences in the codebook. Thus, the base station can correlate y with each of the sequences in the codebook. Then, the base station can determine that the sequence that generates the largest correlation with y is the transmitted sequence. Further, the base station can convert the k index to a bit stream.

[0067] Aspects of wireless communication can also generate an orthogonal matrix of size N*M. For example, the orthogonal matrix can be generated by computing a Kronecker product of a DFT matrix with a base sequence S with a cyclic shift. DFT(n) can be the nth row or nth column extracted from a DFT matrix of size N. The sequence S (with cyclic shift index m) can be a frequency domain base sequence S with a cyclic shift m in the time domain (or equivalently with a phase ramp ej2πlm / M or e-j2πlm / M on every lth tone). Thus, the sequence S with a cyclic shift m in the time domain can be equal to a phase ramp with a slope of -j2πlm / M or j2πlm / M. The tone index = l, and m = [0, 1, …, M-1].

[0068] Figure 4A and Figure 4B DFT matrix 400 and a frequency domain base sequence 450, respectively, in accordance with one or more techniques of the present disclosure. As shown, Figure 4A DFT matrix 400 includes N rows and N columns (N x N matrix). As shown, Figure 4B frequency domain base sequence 450 (i.e., sequence S) includes a length M. In some cases, w = ej2π / N or e-j2π / N. To produce an orthogonal matrix, a Kronecker product of DFT matrix 400 and frequency domain base sequence 450 can be computed.

[0069] Figure 5 An orthogonal matrix 500 is shown in accordance with one or more techniques of the present disclosure. More specifically, Figure 5 A Kronecker product of a DFT matrix (N) * sequence S (with cyclic shift index m) is shown. As shown, Figure 5 The Kronecker product can produce an orthogonal matrix of N*M. The matrix can have a size (MxN) x (MxN) with MxN rows and MxN columns. Further, as will be pointed out herein, 2K rows or columns can then be selected from the N*M orthogonal matrix to construct a codebook of size 2K.

[0070] Figure 6 A diagram 600 including a DFT matrix 610 and a resource grid 620 is shown in accordance with one or more techniques of the present disclosure. As shown, the diagram 600 utilizes one matrix (e.g., the DFT matrix 610) and one corresponding codebook. Thus, a DFT matrix 610 of size N can be used to construct a codebook. Further, this can apply to each of the N OFDM symbols. A time-frequency resource grid (resource grid 620) can be assigned to a PUCCH without utilizing frequency hopping. Figure 6

[0071] Frequency hopping can introduce some diversity to a wireless transmission, such as by including multiple frequency hops. In some aspects, if a transmission on a first frequency hop experiences interference, a transmission on a second frequency hop can experience reduced interference, thus there can be a better chance that the transmission is received. In some cases, a network or base station can enable or disable frequency hopping, e.g., via RRC signaling. The network or base station can also control the distance between frequency hops, e.g., a separation of 50 RBs or 100 RBs.

[0072] In some cases, frequency hopping can break the orthogonality of a codebook. A constructed codebook can be orthogonal based on an assumption that a channel is constant across all OFDM symbols of a PUCCH transmission. So in general, frequency hopping can break the orthogonality of a matrix. A reason that a DFT matrix of size N can not be orthogonal is that a channel can change across the N OFDM symbols. For example, assuming N = 4, with frequency hopping some DFT vectors can not be orthogonal from a receiver’s perspective. For example, the following two DFT vectors can not be orthogonal: a DFT vector of [1, 1, 1, 1] in codepoint 0 on a channel h, and a DFT vector of [1, j, -1, -j] in codepoint 1. Thus, these can be two rows in a DFT matrix. Further, h can be a channel from a transmitter to a receiver. If a UE transmits codepoint 0, the signal received at the base station can be [h, h, h, h]. Thus, the received signal can be equal to the transmitted signal [1, 1, 1, 1] multiplied by the channel h. When the base station correlates with codepoint 1, the output can be: h*1 + h*j + h*(-1) + h*(-j) = 0. Thus, codepoints 0 and 1 can be orthogonal from a receiver’s perspective. As mentioned above, orthogonality means that the correlation is 0 for any two codepoints, thus a receiver can determine which codepoint was transmitted. Based on this, a receiver can determine that codepoint 0 was transmitted.

[0073] ​In some aspects, the orthogonality of the codebook can be broken with frequency hopping. For example, if there is frequency hopping between channels, multiple channels (e.g., channel hi and channel h2) can be on different frequencies. For example, the DFT vector [1, 1, 1, 1] in codepoint 0 and the DFT vector [1, j, -1, -j] in codepoint 1 on channels hi and h2. If codepoint 0 is transmitted, the received signal can be [hi, hi, h2, h2]. When related to codepoint 1, the output can be: hi * 1 + hi * j + h2 * (-1) + h2 * (-j), which is not equal to 0. Thus, codepoints 0 and 1 are not orthogonal from the receiver perspective (due to frequency hopping).

[0074] As indicated above, orthogonality means that the correlation is 0 for any two codepoints, so the receiver can determine which codepoint was transmitted. However, since frequency hopping can break the orthogonality of the codebook, the receiver can not be able to determine which codepoint was transmitted with frequency hopping. Some aspects of wireless communication can utilize frequency hopping to maintain orthogonality of the codebook or sequence. For example, aspects of wireless communication can utilize two smaller DFT matrices (e.g., matrices of size N / 2) to construct two smaller codebooks. Further, each PUCCH in each frequency hop can use each of the smaller codebooks. Thus, the smaller codebooks can be utilized to maintain orthogonality within each frequency hop. Further, the DFT matrices can correspond to time domain orthogonality, which can be maintained with multiple codebooks.

[0075] There are multiple advantages to using two smaller codebooks. At least one advantage is that orthogonality can be maintained at least within each of the two smaller codebooks. On the receiver side, for the smaller codebooks, orthogonality can be maintained within each hop. Further, a larger concatenated codebook can not be an orthogonal codebook. Thus, there can be two smaller codebooks with frequency hopping and a larger codebook without frequency hopping. This can result in non-uniform codebooks with and without frequency hopping. Based on the above, it can be beneficial to use a uniform codebook with and without frequency hopping.

[0076] Aspects of the disclosure can use a uniform codebook with and without frequency hopping. For example, for even N (number of OFDM symbols in a PUCCH), the disclosure can use a uniform codebook with and without frequency hopping. Thus, aspects of the disclosure can utilize special design for even N to ensure that frequency hopping does not break codebook orthogonality. Aspects of the disclosure can use a DFT matrix of size N (e.g., with or without frequency hopping) and generate an orthogonal matrix of size MxN. This can result in orthogonality with and without frequency hopping. Thus, it can not be necessary to use multiple DFT matrices of size N / 2 to construct two codebooks separately.

[0077] Aspects of the disclosure can use even rows or columns in a DFT matrix of size N to construct a codebook. Thus, the disclosure can select rows or columns from an orthogonal matrix to construct a codebook. Aspects of the disclosure can use even numbers for both a startIndex (a function that identifies the row to utilize for the first row in the codebook) and a stepSize (a function that identifies the distance between selected rows) to select 2K1 rows or columns from a DFT matrix to construct a codebook. The network or base station can signal the startIndex and stepSize, which can be even numbers. When frequency hopping is enabled, orthogonality can still be maintained within each hop.

[0078] Figure 7 A diagram 700 is shown that includes a DFT matrix, a codebook, and multiple resource grids in accordance with one or more techniques of the disclosure. As Figure 7 shown, the diagram 700 includes a DFT matrix 710, a sub-codebook 712, a resource grid 720, and a resource grid 722. As Figure 7 shown, the DFT matrix 710 includes N rows and N columns. Further, the sub-codebook 712 includes 2K1 rows and N columns. Further, the resource grid 720 and the resource grid 722 include N / 2 OFDM symbols and M frequency tones.

[0079] As Figure 7 shown, aspects of the disclosure can use even rows or columns in a DFT matrix 710 of size N. For example, the disclosure can select even rows or columns (e.g., 2 K1 even rows) from the DFT matrix 710 in order to construct the sub-codebook 712. Thus, the unified sub-codebook 712 can be generated based on the DFT matrix 710 of size N, but even rows or columns can be selected. By doing so, orthogonality can be maintained. The sub-codebook 712 can then be applied to all OFDM symbols in the resource grid 720 and the resource grid 722.

[0080] Selecting even rows from a matrix of size N can be mathematically equivalent to using two smaller matrices of size N / 2. Thus, even rows in a larger matrix of size N can be equivalent to using all rows in two smaller matrices of size N / 2. As Figure 7 shown, aspects of the disclosure can select 2 K1 rows or columns with the index [startIndex:stepSize:stepSize*(2 K1 -1)], where the stepSize is even (e.g., 2a) and the startIndex is also even (e.g., 2b).

[0081] In some aspects, this disclosure may use a codebook generated based on an even-numbered start index and an even-numbered distance or offset. Without frequency hopping, the codebook can be orthogonal across N OFDM symbols. With frequency hopping, the codebook can be orthogonal across the first N / 2 OFDM symbols (in the first frequency hopping) and across the next N / 2 OFDM symbols (in the second frequency hopping). The receiver may run two smaller correlators to maintain orthogonality across all N OFDM symbols (because channel discontinuities can disrupt orthogonality between multiple hops).

[0082] Figure 8 A schematic diagram 800 shows one or more technologies according to this disclosure, including subcodebooks 810, 820, and 822. For example... Figure 8 As shown, subcodebook 810 may include N columns and is based on a DFT matrix of size N. Furthermore, subcodebooks 820 and 822 may each include N / 2 columns and may each be based on a matrix of size N / 2. Additionally, subcodebooks 810, 820, and 822 may include 2... K1 OK.

[0083] like Figure 8 As shown, the even rows of subcodebook 810 using a DFT matrix of size N are mathematically equivalent to subcodebooks 820 and 822 using two matrices of size N / 2. For example, aspects of this disclosure can be selected from the DFT matrix by choosing 2... K1 Subcodebook 810 is constructed using an even number of rows or columns. Mathematically, this is equivalent to selecting each row or column from two smaller DFT matrices of size N / 2. Therefore, using rows 0, 2, 4, 6 in subcodebook 810 is equivalent to using rows 0, 1, 2, 3 in subcodebooks 820 and 822. Thus, the size of codebook 810 can be based on a DFT matrix of size N, but the number of rows used for selection may be halved, as well as the amount of code points utilized. Therefore, the possible amount of code points from subcodebook 810 can be half that of other codebooks based on a matrix of size N. Furthermore, a pairwise 2... K1 The selection of an even number of rows or columns allows for the still possible performance of the Kronecker product to create an orthogonal matrix. Therefore, the size of the DFT matrix can be halved to allow for the selection of even numbers of rows or columns.

[0084] In the case of an odd N (number of symbols), the last transmitted symbol can be empty. For example, if N = 3, the network or base station can configure 3 symbols, but the UE can transmit using 2 symbols, and the last symbol can be empty. Thus, for odd N, the UE can use (N-1) symbols during transmission. Further, in some aspects, a codebook can be generated based on a DFT matrix (e.g., a size 14 DFT matrix) by selecting four indices [0, 4, 8, 12] to transmit two bits in the time domain. Two additional bits can be delivered using a cyclic shift. Thus, one codebook with indices [0, 4, 8, 12] of a DFT size 14 can be equivalent to 2 codebooks with indices [0, 2, 4, 6] of a DFT size 7.

[0085] Figure 9 FIG. 9 is a diagram 900 illustrating example communications between a UE 902 and a base station 904. At 910, the UE 902 (e.g., using controller / processor 359, memory 360, TX processor 368, etc.) can select one or more rows or one or more columns in a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix for a submatrix of the DFT matrix, where the one or more rows can be even rows in the DFT matrix and the one or more columns can be even columns in the DFT matrix. In some aspects, the DFT matrix can have a size of NxN, with N rows and N columns.

[0086] At 920, the UE 902 can determine an orthogonal matrix based on the submatrix of the DFT matrix (e.g., one or more rows or one or more columns of the DFT matrix). The orthogonal matrix can have a size of (MxN)x(MxN), with MxN rows and MxN columns. In some aspects, the orthogonal matrix can be determined via a Kronecker product of one or more rows or one or more columns of the DFT matrix and a frequency domain basis sequence, where the one or more rows or one or more columns correspond to the submatrix, and where the frequency domain basis sequence can include a length M sequence and a cyclic shift m.

[0087] At 922, the UE 902 can generate an orthogonal matrix based on the submatrix of the DFT matrix (e.g., one or more rows or one or more columns of the DFT matrix).

[0088] At 930, the UE 902 can determine a codebook based on the orthogonal matrix, where the codebook can include a plurality of codepoints.

[0089] At 932, the UE 902 can select the plurality of codepoints in the codebook from the orthogonal matrix. In some aspects, the plurality of codepoints in the codebook can correspond to a quantity of rows or a quantity of columns in the orthogonal matrix, where the quantity of rows or the quantity of columns in the orthogonal matrix can be equal to twoK Additionally, the plurality of codepoints in the codebook can correspond to a plurality of sequences. In some aspects, the codebook can have a size of 2 K x(MxN) with 2 K rows and MxN columns. Further, K can be a number of bits in an uplink control information (UCI) payload that is transmitted by the UE in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource.

[0090] At 940, the UE 902 can convert the bitstream of the UCI payload to a decimal number k.

[0091] At 942, the UE 902 can select a first codepoint in the codebook, where the first codepoint can be equal to the kth codepoint in the codebook.

[0092] In some aspects, N can be a number of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols associated with the at least one signal, where N is even. Further, N can be a number of OFDM symbols associated with the at least one signal, where N is odd. Further, a last symbol of the number of OFDM symbols can be empty.

[0093] At 950, the UE 902 can transmit at least one signal (e.g., signal 952) including the first codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook in the uplink resource to convey the K-bit payload. In some aspects, the at least one signal (e.g., signal 952) can be transmitted with frequency hopping or without frequency hopping. Further, the at least one signal (e.g., signal 952) can be transmitted on a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH).

[0094] At 960, the base station 904 (e.g., using antenna 320, receiver 318RX, RX processor 370, controller / processor 375, memory 376, and / or the like) can receive at least one signal (e.g., signal 952), where the at least one signal can be associated with a codebook including a plurality of codepoints. In some aspects, the at least one signal (e.g., signal 952) can be received with frequency hopping or without frequency hopping. Further, the at least one signal (e.g., signal 952) can be received on a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH).

[0095] In some aspects, the plurality of codepoints in the codebook can correspond to a plurality of sequences. Further, the codebook can have a size of 2 K x(MxN) with 2 KThe K rows and MxN columns. Further, K can be a number of bits in an uplink control information (UCI) payload received by the base station in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource.

[0096] At 970, the base station 904 can concatenate the at least one signal (e.g., signal 952) into a vector. In some aspects, the at least one signal (e.g., signal 952) can correspond to a grid.

[0097] At 980, the base station 904 can correlate the at least one signal with each codepoint of a plurality of codepoints in a codebook, the codebook being associated with a submatrix of a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix, the DFT matrix comprising a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, the submatrix comprising one or more even rows in the DFT matrix or one or more even columns in the DFT matrix.

[0098] At 982, the base station 904 can generate an output for each codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook.

[0099] At 990, the base station 904 can determine a first codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook, wherein the first codepoint can comprise a highest correlation to the at least one signal (e.g., signal 952). In some aspects, the determination of the first codepoint in the codebook can be based on a non-coherent energy combining of the outputs for each codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook.

[0100] Figure 10 is a flow diagram of a method of wireless communication. The method can be performed by a UE or a component of a UE (e.g., the UE 104, 350, 902; the apparatus 1202; a processing system, which can include the memory 360 and which can be the entire UE or a component of the UE, such as the TX processor 368, the controller / processor 359, the transmitter 354 TX, the antenna 352, etc.). The methods described herein can provide a number of benefits, such as improved communication signaling, resource utilization, and / or power saving.

[0101] At 1002, the apparatus can select one or more rows or one or more columns of a plurality of rows or a plurality of columns, respectively, in a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix for a submatrix of the DFT matrix, wherein the one or more rows can be even rows in the DFT matrix and the one or more columns can be even columns in the DFT matrix, as described in connection with Figure 4A 、 Figure 4B 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9described in connection with the examples in Figure 9 described in connection with 910 in Figure 12 may be performed by the determination component 1240 in Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 described in connection with the examples in

[0102] At 1004, the apparatus can determine an orthogonal matrix based on the submatrix of the DFT matrix (e.g., one or more rows or one or more columns of the DFT matrix), as described in connection with the examples in Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 described in connection with the examples in Figure 9 may be performed by the determination component 1240 in Figure 12 . The orthogonal matrix can have a size of (MxN)x(MxN) with MxN rows and MxN columns, as described in connection with the examples in Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 described in connection with the examples in Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 described in connection with the examples in

[0103] At 1006, the apparatus can generate an orthogonal matrix based on a submatrix of the DFT matrix (e.g., one or more rows or one or more columns of the DFT matrix), as described in connection with the examples in Figure 4A 、 Figure 4B 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 . For example, the UE 902 can generate an orthogonal matrix based on one or more rows or one or more columns of the DFT matrix, as described in connection with 922 in Figure 9 . Further, 1006 can be performed by determination component 1240 in Figure 12 .

[0104] At 1008, the apparatus can determine a codebook based on the orthogonal matrix, where the codebook can include a plurality of codepoints, as described in connection with the examples in Figure 4A 、 Figure 4B 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 . For example, the UE 902 can determine a codebook based on the orthogonal matrix, where the codebook can include a plurality of codepoints, as described in connection with 930 in Figure 9 . Further, 1008 can be performed by determination component 1240 in Figure 12 .

[0105] At 1010, the apparatus can select the plurality of codepoints in the codebook from the orthogonal matrix, as described in connection with the examples in Figure 4A 、 Figure 4B 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 . For example, the UE 902 can select the plurality of codepoints in the codebook from the orthogonal matrix, as described in connection with 932 in Figure 9 . Further, 1010 can be performed by determination component 1240 in Figure 12 . In some aspects, the plurality of codepoints in the codebook can correspond to a quantity of rows or a quantity of columns in the orthogonal matrix, where the quantity of rows or the quantity of columns in the orthogonal matrix can be equal to two K , as described in connection with Figure 4A 、 Figure 4B 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9The example described in [the document] further illustrates this. Furthermore, multiple code points in a codebook can correspond to multiple sequences, such as [combined with...]. Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The example described in [the document / reference] is as follows.

[0106] In some respects, the codebook can have 2 K The size of x(MxN) has 2 K Rows and MxN columns, such as combined Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The example described in [the document] further illustrates this. Additionally, K can be the number of bits in the uplink control information (UCI) payload transmitted by the UE in the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) resource, as combined with [other parameters]. Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The example described in [the document / reference] is as follows.

[0107] At position 1012, this device can convert the bitstream of the UCI payload into a decimal number k, such as in combination with... Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The example described in [the document] illustrates this. For instance, UE 902 can convert the bitstream of the UCI payload into a decimal number k, as in conjunction with [other parameters]. Figure 9 As described in 940. Furthermore, 1012 can be derived from... Figure 12 The determined component 1240 is used to execute.

[0108] At position 1014, the device can select the first code point in the codebook, where the first code point can be equal to the k-th code point in the codebook, as combined with... Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The example described in [the document] illustrates this. For instance, UE 902 can select the first code point in the codebook, where the first code point can be equal to the k-th code point in the codebook, as in combination with [other examples]. Figure 9as described in connection with 942 in FIG. 9. Further, 1014 can be performed by determination component 1240 in Figure 12 as described in connection with 942 in FIG. 9. Further, 1014 can be performed by determination component 1240 in

[0109] In some aspects, N can be a number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols associated with the at least one signal, where N is even, as described in connection with the examples in Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 In some aspects, N can be a number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols associated with the at least one signal, where N is even, as described in connection with the examples in Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 In some aspects, N can be a number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols associated with the at least one signal, where N is even, as described in connection with the examples in Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9

[0110] At 1016, the apparatus can transmit, in the uplink resources, at least one signal including a first codepoint of a plurality of codepoints in a codebook to convey a K-bit payload, as described in connection with the examples in Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 At 1016, the apparatus can transmit, in the uplink resources, at least one signal including a first codepoint of a plurality of codepoints in a codebook to convey a K-bit payload, as described in connection with the examples in Figure 9 as described in connection with 950 in FIG. 9. Further, 1016 can be performed by determination component 1240 in Figure 12 In some aspects, the at least one signal can be transmitted with frequency hopping or without frequency hopping, as described in connection with the examples in Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 ​described in connection with the examples in Figure 4A 、 Figure 4B 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 described in connection with the examples in

[0111] Figure 11 is a flow diagram of a method of wireless communication 1100. The method can be performed by a base station or a component of a base station (e.g., the base station 102, 180, 310, 904; the apparatus 1302; a processing system, which can include the memory 376 and which can be the entire base station or a component of the base station, such as the antennas 320, the receiver 318 RX, the RX processor 370, the controller / processor 375, etc.). The methods described herein can provide a number of benefits, such as improved communication signaling, resource utilization, and / or power saving.

[0112] At 1102, the apparatus can receive, in an uplink resource, at least one signal for communicating a K-bit payload, the at least one signal being associated with a codebook comprising a plurality of codepoints, as described in connection with the examples in Figure 4A 、 Figure 4B 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 described in connection with the examples in Figure 9 . For example, the base station 904 can receive, in an uplink resource, at least one signal for communicating a K-bit payload, the at least one signal being associated with a codebook comprising a plurality of codepoints, as described in connection with 960 in Figure 13 may be performed by the determination component 1340 in Figure 4A 、 Figure 4B 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 described in connection with the examples in Figure 4A 、 Figure 4B 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 described in connection with the examples in

[0113] In some aspects, the plurality of codepoints in the codebook can correspond to a plurality of sequences, as described in connection with the examples in Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , and Figure 9 . Further, the codebook can have a size of 2 K x (M x N) with 2 K rows and M x N columns, as described in connection with the examples in Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , and Figure 9 . Further, K can be a number of bits in an uplink control information (UCI) payload received by the base station in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource, as described in connection with the examples in Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , and Figure 9 .

[0114] At 1104, the apparatus can concatenate the at least one signal into a vector, as described in connection with the examples in Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , and Figure 9 . For example, the base station 904 can concatenate the at least one signal into a vector, as described in connection with 970 of Figure 9 . Further, 1104 can be performed by the determination component 1340 of Figure 13 . In some aspects, the at least one signal can correspond to a grid, as described in connection with the examples in Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , and Figure 9 .

[0115] At 1106, the apparatus can relate the at least one signal to each codepoint of a plurality of codepoints in a codebook, the codebook being associated with a submatrix of a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix, the DFT matrix comprising a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, the submatrix comprising one or more even rows of the DFT matrix or one or more even columns of the DFT matrix, as described in connection with the examples in Figure 4A, Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 . For example, the base station 904 can relate the at least one signal to each of a plurality of codepoints in a codebook, the codebook being associated with a submatrix of a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix, the DFT matrix including a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, the submatrix including one or more even rows in the DFT matrix or one or more even columns in the DFT matrix, as described in connection with 980 of Figure 9 . Further, 1106 can be performed by determination component 1340 of Figure 13 .

[0116] At 1108, the apparatus can generate an output for each of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook, as described in connection with the examples of Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 . For example, the base station 904 can generate an output for each of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook, as described in connection with 982 of Figure 9 . Further, 1108 can be performed by determination component 1340 of Figure 13 .

[0117] At 1110, the apparatus can determine a first codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook, the first codepoint including a highest correlation to the at least one signal, as described in connection with the examples of Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 . For example, the base station 904 can determine a first codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook, the first codepoint including a highest correlation to the at least one signal, as described in connection with 990 of Figure 9 . Further, 1110 can be performed by determination component 1340 of Figure 13 in some aspects, the determination of the first codepoint in the codebook can be based on a non-coherent energy combination of the outputs for each of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook, as described in connection with the examples of Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 .

[0118] Figure 12 is a diagram 1200 showing an example of a hardware implementation for an apparatus 1202. The apparatus 1202 is a UE and includes a cellular baseband processor 1204 (also referred to as a modem) coupled with a cellular RF transceiver 1222 and one or more subscriber identity modules (SIM) cards 1220, an application processor 1206 coupled with a secure digital (SD) card 1208 and a screen 1210, a Bluetooth module 1212, a wireless local area network (WLAN) module 1214, a Global Positioning System (GPS) module 1216, and a power supply 1218. The cellular baseband processor 1204 communicates with the UE 104 and / or BS 102 / 180 by way of the cellular RF transceiver 1222. The cellular baseband processor 1204 can include a computer-readable medium / memory. The computer-readable medium / memory can be non-transitory. The cellular baseband processor 1204 is Figure 3 responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer-readable medium / memory. The software, when executed by the cellular baseband processor 1204, causes the cellular baseband processor 1204 to perform the various functions described supra. The computer-readable medium / memory can also be used for storing data that is manipulated by the cellular baseband processor 1204 when executing software. The cellular baseband processor 1204 further includes a reception component 1230, a communication manager 1232, and a transmission component 1234. The communication manager 1232 includes the one or more illustrated components. The components within the communication manager 1232 can be stored in the computer-readable medium / memory and / or configured as hardware within the cellular baseband processor 1204. The cellular baseband processor 1204 can be a component of the UE 350 and can include at least one of the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and the controller / processor 359 and / or the memory 360. In one configuration, the apparatus 1202 can be a modem chip and include only the baseband processor 1204, and in another configuration, the apparatus 1202 can be an entire UE (e.g., see 350) and include the additional modules discussed supra for the apparatus 1202.

[0119] The communication manager 1232 includes a determination component 1240 configured to select one or more rows or one or more columns of a submatrix of a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix for use in a DFT, the one or more rows being even rows in the DFT matrix and the one or more columns being even columns in the DFT matrix, e.g., as described in connection with step 1002 in Figure 10 The determination component 1240 can also be configured to determine an orthogonal matrix based on the submatrix of the DFT matrix (e.g., one or more rows or one or more columns of the DFT matrix), e.g., as described in connection with step 1004 in Figure 10As described in step 1004. The determining component 1240 can also be configured to generate orthogonal matrices based on submatrices of the DFT matrix (e.g., one or more rows or one or more columns of the DFT matrix), for example, as in combination with... Figure 10 Step 1006 is described. The determining component 1240 can also be configured to determine a codebook based on an orthogonal matrix, the codebook comprising multiple code points, for example, such as combining... Figure 10 The step 1008 described in the text. The determining component 1240 can also be configured to select multiple code points from the codebook from the orthogonal matrix, for example, as in combination with... Figure 10 The step 1010 described in the document. The determining component 1240 can also be configured to convert the bitstream of the UCI payload into a decimal number k, for example, as in conjunction with... Figure 10 As described in step 1012. The determining component 1240 can also be configured to select a first code point in the codebook, where the first code point is equal to the k-th code point in the codebook, for example, as in combination with... Figure 10 The determination component 1240 can also be configured to transmit at least one signal, including a first code point from a plurality of code points in a codebook, in uplink resources to transmit a K-bit payload, for example, as described in step 1014. Figure 10 As described in step 1016.

[0120] The device may include the ability to perform the above-described actions. Figure 9 and Figure 10 The flowchart shows the algorithm's additional components in each box. Therefore, the above... Figure 9 and Figure 10 Each box in the flowchart can be executed by a component, and the apparatus can include one or more of those components. A component can be one or more hardware components specifically configured to execute the process / algorithm, implemented by a processor configured to execute the process / algorithm, stored in a computer-readable medium for implementation by a processor, or some combination thereof.

[0121] In one configuration, the apparatus 1202 (and in particular, the cellular baseband processor 1204) includes means for selecting one or more rows or one or more columns of a plurality of rows or columns in a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix for a sub-matrix of the DFT matrix, the one or more rows being even rows in the DFT matrix and the one or more columns being even columns in the DFT matrix, means for determining an orthogonal matrix based on the one or more rows or the one or more columns in the DFT matrix, means for generating the orthogonal matrix based on the one or more rows or the one or more columns in the DFT matrix, means for determining a codebook based on the orthogonal matrix, the codebook including a plurality of codepoints, means for selecting the plurality of codepoints in the codebook from the orthogonal matrix, means for converting a bit stream of a UCI payload into a decimal number k, means for selecting a first codepoint in the codebook, wherein the first codepoint is equal to a kth codepoint in the codebook, and means for transmitting at least one signal including the first codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook in an uplink resource to communicate the k-bit payload. The aforementioned means can be one or more of the aforementioned components of the apparatus 1202 configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means. As described supra, the apparatus 1202 can include the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and the controller / processor 359. As such, in one configuration, the aforementioned means can be the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and the controller / processor 359 configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means.

[0122] Figure 13 FIG. 13 is a diagram 1300 illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an apparatus 1302. The apparatus 1302 is a base station (BS) and includes a baseband unit 1304. The baseband unit 1304 can communicate through a cellular RF transceiver 1322 with the UE 104. The baseband unit 1304 can include a computer- readable medium / memory. The baseband unit 1304 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer-readable medium / memory. The software, when executed by the baseband unit 1304, causes the baseband unit 1304 to perform the various functions described supra. The computer-readable medium / memory can also be used for storing data that is manipulated by the baseband unit 1304 when executing software. The baseband unit 1304 further includes a reception component 1330, a communication manager 1332, and a transmission component 1334. The communication manager 1332 includes the one or more illustrated components. The components of the communication manager 1332 can be stored in the computer-readable medium / memory and / or configured as hardware within the baseband unit 1304. The baseband unit 1304 can be a component of the BS 310 and can include at least one of the TX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and the controller / processor 375, and / or the memory 376.

[0123] The communications manager 1332 includes a determining component 1340 configured to receive, in an uplink resource, at least one signal for communicating a K-bit payload, the at least one signal being associated with a codebook including a plurality of codepoints, e.g., as described in connection with step 1102 of Figure 11 The communications manager 1332 includes a determining component 1340 configured to receive, in an uplink resource, at least one signal for communicating a K-bit payload, the at least one signal being associated with a codebook including a plurality of codepoints, e.g., as described in connection with step 1102 of Figure 11 The communications manager 1332 includes a determining component 1340 configured to receive, in an uplink resource, at least one signal for communicating a K-bit payload, the at least one signal being associated with a codebook including a plurality of codepoints, e.g., as described in connection with step 1102 of Figure 11 The communications manager 1332 includes a determining component 1340 configured to receive, in an uplink resource, at least one signal for communicating a K-bit payload, the at least one signal being associated with a codebook including a plurality of codepoints, e.g., as described in connection with step 1102 of Figure 11 The communications manager 1332 includes a determining component 1340 configured to receive, in an uplink resource, at least one signal for communicating a K-bit payload, the at least one signal being associated with a codebook including a plurality of codepoints, e.g., as described in connection with step 1102 of Figure 11 The communications manager 1332 includes a determining component 1340 configured to receive, in an uplink resource, at least one signal for communicating a K-bit payload, the at least one signal being associated with a codebook including a plurality of codepoints, e.g., as described in connection with step 1102 of

[0124] The apparatus can include additional components that perform each of the blocks of the algorithm in the flowcharts of Figure 9 and Figure 11 Accordingly, Figure 9 and Figure 11 Each block in the flowcharts of

[0125] In one configuration, the apparatus 1302 (and in particular, the baseband unit 1304) includes means for receiving at least one signal for communicating a K-bit payload in uplink resources, the at least one signal being associated with a codebook comprising a plurality of codepoints; means for concatenating the at least one signal into a vector; means for correlating the at least one signal with each of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook, the codebook being associated with a submatrix of a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix, the DFT matrix comprising a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, the submatrix comprising one or more even rows in the DFT matrix or one or more even columns in the DFT matrix; means for generating an output for each of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook; and means for determining a first codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook, the first codepoint comprising a highest correlation to the at least one signal. The aforementioned means can be one or more of the aforementioned components of the apparatus 1302 configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means. As described above, the apparatus 1302 can include the TX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and the controller / processor 375. As such, in one configuration, the aforementioned means can be the TX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and the controller / processor 375 configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means.

[0126] It is to be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the processes / flow diagrams disclosed is an illustration. Based upon implementation-specific or other considerations, it is expected that a specific order or hierarchy of steps can be employed. Based upon implementation-specific or other considerations, some of the steps can be eliminated, or other steps can be added. The accompanying method claims set forth in the appended claims are to be interpreted in accordance with the cause-and-effect relationships presented in the specification.

[0127] The preceding description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein can be applied to other aspects. Thus, the claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but is to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language claims, wherein reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean "one and only one" unless specifically so stated, but rather "one or more." The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any aspect described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term "some" refers to one or more. Combinations such as "at least one of A, B, or C," "one or more of A, B, or C," "at least one of the group consisting of A, B, and C," "one or more of the group consisting of A, B, and C," and the like encompasses the combinations of A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and A and B and C together. Specifically, the combinations such as "at least one of A, B, or C," "one or more of A, B, or C," "at least one of the group consisting of A, B, and C," "one or more of the group consisting of A, B, and C," and the like can be A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, or A and B and C together, where any such combinations can contain one or more members. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be encompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. The words "module," "mechanism," "element," "device," and the like can not be

[0128] The following aspects are illustrative only and can be combined with other aspects or teachings described herein without limitation.

[0129] Aspect 1 is a method of wireless communication at a user equipment (UE). The method comprises selecting one or more rows or one or more columns in a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix for a sub-matrix of the DFT matrix, the one or more rows being even rows in the DFT matrix and the one or more columns being even columns in the DFT matrix; determining an orthogonal matrix based on the sub-matrix of the DFT matrix (e.g., the one or more rows or the one or more columns in the DFT matrix); determining a codebook based on the orthogonal matrix, the codebook comprising a plurality of codepoints; and transmitting at least one signal comprising a first codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook to convey a K-bit payload in an uplink resource.

[0130] Aspect 2 is the method of aspect 1, wherein the DFT matrix has a size of N x N with N rows and N columns, and the orthogonal matrix has a size of (M x N) x (M x N) with M x N rows and M x N columns.

[0131] Aspect 3 is the method of any of aspects 1 and 2, further comprising generating the orthogonal matrix based on the sub-matrix of the DFT matrix (e.g., the one or more rows or the one or more columns in the DFT matrix).

[0132] Aspect 4 is the method of any of aspects 1-3, wherein the orthogonal matrix is determined via a Kronecker product of the one or more rows or the one or more columns in the DFT matrix with a frequency domain basis sequence, the one or more rows or the one or more columns corresponding to the sub-matrix, the frequency domain basis sequence comprising a sequence of length M and a cyclic shift m.

[0133] Aspect 5 is the method of any of aspects 1-4, further comprising selecting the plurality of codepoints in the codebook from the orthogonal matrix.

[0134] Aspect 6 is the method of any of aspects 1-5, wherein the plurality of codepoints in the codebook correspond to a number of rows or a number of columns in the orthogonal matrix, the number of rows or the number of columns in the orthogonal matrix being equal to 2 K wherein the plurality of codepoints in the codebook correspond to a plurality of sequences.

[0135] Aspect 7 is the method of any of aspects 1-6, wherein the codebook has a size of 2 K x (M x N) with 2 KK rows and MxN columns, where K is a number of bits in an uplink control information (UCI) payload transmitted by the UE in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource.

[0136] Aspect 8 is the method of any of aspects 1-7, further comprising converting a bit stream of the UCI payload to a decimal number k.

[0137] Aspect 9 is the method of any of aspects 1-8, further comprising selecting the first codepoint in the codebook, where the first codepoint is equal to a kth codepoint in the codebook.

[0138] Aspect 10 is the method of any of aspects 1-9, where N is a number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols associated with the at least one signal, where N is an even integer.

[0139] Aspect 11 is the method of any of aspects 1-10, where N is a number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols associated with the at least one signal, where N is an odd integer, where a last symbol of the number of OFDM symbols is empty.

[0140] Aspect 12 is the method of any of aspects 1-11, where the at least one signal is transmitted with frequency hopping or without frequency hopping.

[0141] Aspect 13 is the method of any of aspects 1-12, where the at least one signal is transmitted on a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH).

[0142] Aspect 14 is an apparatus for wireless communication, comprising means for implementing a method as in any of aspects 1-13.

[0143] Aspect 15 is an apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one processor coupled to a memory and a transceiver and configured to implement a method as in any of aspects 1-13.

[0144] Aspect 16 is a computer-readable medium storing computer executable code, where the code when executed by a processor causes the processor to implement a method as in any of aspects 1-13.

[0145] Aspect 17 is a method of wireless communication at a base station. The method includes receiving, in an uplink resource, at least one signal for communicating a K-bit payload, the at least one signal being associated with a codebook comprising a plurality of codepoints; correlating the at least one signal with each codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook, the codebook being associated with a submatrix of a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix, the DFT matrix comprising a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, the submatrix comprising one or more even rows in the DFT matrix or one or more even columns in the DFT matrix; and determining a first codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook, the first codepoint comprising a highest correlation to the at least one signal.

[0146] Aspect 18 is the method of Aspect 17, further comprising concatenating the at least one signal into a vector.

[0147] Aspect 19 is the method of any one of Aspects 17-18, wherein the at least one signal corresponds to a trellis.

[0148] Aspect 20 is the method of any one of Aspects 17-19, further comprising generating an output for each codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook.

[0149] Aspect 21 is the method of any one of Aspects 17-20, wherein the determination of the first codepoint in the codebook is based on a non-coherent energy combining of the output for each codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook.

[0150] Aspect 22 is the method of any one of Aspects 17-21, wherein the plurality of codepoints in the codebook correspond to a plurality of sequences.

[0151] Aspect 23 is the method of any one of Aspects 17-22, wherein the codebook has a size of 2 K x (M x N) with 2 K rows and M x N columns.

[0152] Aspect 24 is the method of any one of Aspects 17-23, wherein K is a number of bits in an uplink control information (UCI) payload received by the base station in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource.

[0153] Aspect 25 is the method of any one of Aspects 17-24, wherein the at least one signal is received with frequency hopping or without frequency hopping.

[0154] Aspect 26 is the method of any of aspects 17-25, wherein the at least one signal is received on a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH)

[0155] Aspect 27 is an apparatus for wireless communication, comprising means for implementing a method as in any of aspects 17-26.

[0156] Aspect 28 is an apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one processor coupled to a memory and a transceiver, and configured to implement a method as in any of aspects 17-26.

[0157] Aspect 29 is a computer-readable medium storing computer executable code, where the code, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to implement a method as in any of aspects 17-26.

Claims

1. A method of wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: selecting one or more even rows of a plurality of rows or one or more even columns of a plurality of columns in a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix for a submatrix of the DFT matrix; determining an orthogonal matrix based on the submatrix of the DFT matrix; determining a codebook based on the orthogonal matrix, the codebook comprising a plurality of codepoints; and transmitting at least one signal comprising a first codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook in uplink resources to convey a K-bit payload, where K is a positive integer.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, the DFT matrix has a size of N x N, having N rows and N columns, and the orthogonal matrix has a size of (M x N) x (M x N), having M x N rows and M x N columns, where M and N are positive integers.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: generating the orthogonal matrix based on the submatrix of the DFT matrix.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, the orthogonal matrix is determined via a Kronecker product of the one or more even rows or the one or more even columns in the DFT matrix corresponding to the submatrix and a frequency domain basis sequence, the frequency domain basis sequence comprising a sequence of length M and a cyclic shift m.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising: selecting the plurality of codepoints in the codebook from the orthogonal matrix.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The plurality of codepoints in the codebook correspond to a number of rows or a number of columns in the orthogonal matrix, the number of rows or columns in the orthogonal matrix being equal to 2 K wherein the plurality of codepoints in the codebook correspond to a plurality of sequences.

7. The method of claim 2, wherein, The codebook has a size of 2 K x (M x N) with 2 K rows and M x N columns, where K is the number of bits in the uplink control information (UCI) payload transmitted by the UE in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising: converting a bit stream of the UCI payload to a decimal positive number k.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising: selecting the first codepoint in the codebook, wherein the first codepoint is equal to a kth codepoint in the codebook.

10. The method of claim 2, wherein, N is a number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols associated with the at least one signal, where N is an even integer.

11. The method of claim 2, wherein, N is a number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols associated with the at least one signal, where N is an odd integer, wherein a last symbol of the number of OFDM symbols is empty.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein, the at least one signal is transmitted with frequency hopping or without frequency hopping.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein, the at least one signal is transmitted on a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH).

14. An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus being a user equipment (UE), comprising: a memory; a transceiver; and at least one processor coupled to the memory and the transceiver and configured to: select one or more even rows of a plurality of rows or one or more even columns of a plurality of columns in a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix for a submatrix of the DFT matrix; determine an orthogonal matrix based on the submatrix of the DFT matrix; determine a codebook based on the orthogonal matrix, the codebook comprising a plurality of codepoints; and transmit, via the transceiver, at least one signal comprising a first codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook in uplink resources to convey a K-bit payload, where K is a positive integer.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein, The DFT matrix has a size of NxN, which has N rows and N columns, and the orthogonal matrix has a size of (MxN)x(MxN), which has MxN rows and MxN columns, where M and N are positive integers.

16. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein, The at least one processor is further configured to: generate the orthogonal matrix based on the sub-matrix of the DFT matrix.

17. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein, The orthogonal matrix is determined via a Kronecker product of one or more even rows or one or more even columns of the DFT matrix and a frequency domain basis sequence, the one or more even rows or the one or more even columns corresponding to the sub-matrix, the frequency domain basis sequence including a sequence of length M and a cyclic shift m.

18. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein, The at least one processor is further configured to: selecting the plurality of codepoints in the codebook from the orthogonal matrix, wherein the plurality of codepoints in the codebook correspond to a number of rows or a number of columns in the orthogonal matrix, the number of rows or the number of columns in the orthogonal matrix being equal to 2 K wherein the plurality of codepoints in the codebook correspond to a plurality of sequences.

19. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein, The codebook has a size of 2 K x (M x N) with 2 K rows and M x N columns, where K is the number of bits in the uplink control information (UCI) payload transmitted by the UE in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein, The at least one processor is further configured to: convert a bit stream of the UCI payload into a decimal positive number k; and select the first codepoint in the codebook, wherein the first codepoint is equal to a kth codepoint in the codebook.

21. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein, N is a number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols associated with the at least one signal, wherein N is an even integer.

22. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein, N is a number of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols associated with the at least one signal, wherein N is an odd integer, wherein a last symbol of the number of OFDM symbols is empty.

23. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein, The at least one processor is further configured to transmit the at least one signal with frequency hopping or without frequency hopping.

24. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein, The at least one signal is transmitted on a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH).

25. A method of wireless communication at a base station, comprising: receiving at least one signal for conveying a K-bit payload in an uplink resource, the at least one signal being associated with a codebook including a plurality of codepoints, wherein K is a positive integer; correlating the at least one signal with each codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook, the codebook being associated with a sub-matrix of a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix, the DFT matrix including a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, the sub-matrix including one or more even rows of the DFT matrix or one or more even columns of the DFT matrix; and determining a first codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook, the first codepoint including a highest correlation to the at least one signal.

26. The method of claim 25, further comprising: concatenating the at least one signal into a vector.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein, The at least one signal corresponds to a trellis.

28. The method of claim 25, further comprising: generating an output for each codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein, The determination of the first codepoint in the codebook is based on a non-coherent energy combination of the outputs for each codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook.

30. The method of claim 25, wherein, The plurality of codepoints in the codebook correspond to a plurality of sequences.

31. The method of claim 25, wherein, The codebook has a size of 2 K x (M x N) with 2 K rows and M x N columns, where M and N are positive integers.

32. The method of claim 31, wherein, K is a number of bits in an uplink control information (UCI) payload received by the base station in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource.

33. The method of claim 25, wherein, The at least one signal is received with or without frequency hopping.

34. The method of claim 25, wherein, The at least one signal is received on a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH).

35. An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus being a base station, comprising: a memory; a transceiver; and at least one processor coupled to the memory and the transceiver and configured to: receive, via the transceiver, at least one signal for communicating a K-bit payload in uplink resources, the at least one signal being associated with a codebook comprising a plurality of codepoints, where K is a positive integer; correlate the at least one signal with each codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook, the codebook being associated with a submatrix of a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix, the DFT matrix comprising a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, the submatrix comprising one or more even rows in the DFT matrix or one or more even columns in the DFT matrix; and determine a first codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook, the first codepoint comprising a highest correlation to the at least one signal.

36. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein, The at least one processor is further configured to: concatenate the at least one signal into a vector.

37. The apparatus of claim 36, wherein, The at least one signal corresponds to a trellis.

38. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein, The at least one processor is further configured to: generate an output for each codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook.

39. The device of claim 38, wherein, The at least one processor is further configured to determine a first codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook based on a non-coherent energy combining of the output for each codepoint of the plurality of codepoints in the codebook.

40. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein, The plurality of codepoints in the codebook correspond to a plurality of sequences.

41. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein, The codebook has a size of 2 K x (M x N) with 2 K rows and M x N columns, where M and N are positive integers.

42. The device of claim 41, wherein, K is a number of bits in an uplink control information (UCI) payload received by the base station in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource.

43. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein, The at least one processor is further configured to receive the at least one signal with or without frequency hopping.

44. The device of claim 35, wherein, The at least one processor is further configured to receive the at least one signal on a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH).

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